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JULY
I IDIAl S,
GEOr.GIA·P�CIFIC OK
1968
WOODS PACT
OODLAPD - Passamaquodd y Indians,
lineal descendants of i!orth America's
won the exclusive right to cut pulJn-7ood on a disputed-owne-1.:
sbip section of Indian Tot'1Ilship lands Friday.
�ut they assumed the burden of
holding up the production end of the log in return.
original '\'100dsmen,
A far-reaching agreement, uhich becomes valid if approved oy the Tribal
Councils at the Indian Township and Pleasant Point Reservations, was reached
at a meeting betueeo representatives of the Passamaquoddy tribe and top officers
of Georgia-Pacific Corporation at the paper company's Toodland mill.
11ie memorandum of understanding Has presented by :iaine Employment Security
Commission Chairman James Schoenthaler and approved by Georgia-Pacific General
i-;anager Eduard G. r ils n.
A rough draft of the memorandum had ·-een tentatively
approved oy the two
i. al groups follot· ing an earlier meeting on July 8th • • •
Formal acceptance of the agreement cy the two Tribal Councils will bring
to an end a dispute over cutting operations conducted
y a private contractor
employecl Ly Georgia-Pacific,
hich Legan June 4th.
The agreement, t1orked out
in detail at a July 12th meeting,
stipulates that Georgia-Pacific will move
the private contractor onto other company-owned lands and complete the harvest
operations uith Indian labor.
One Indian ,.10ods crew is currently employed by
the paper company on Indian trust lands, ,,ithin Indian Township.
Additional
Indian cre\1s
ill be assigned
or.· in the disputed-ownership section of the
Township as soon as they can be recruite' and trained.
HESC officials will sponsor the recruitment among the more than 600 resi
dents of the two reservations and
raining sessions will be conducted by exper
ienced woodsmen members of the tri" e.
A conventional woods cret·7 in the ,type
of operations nou Leing conducted ;..y the company consists of a &kidder operator
and two or more cutters equipped uith power saws.
Georgia-Pacific has agreed
to ma�e equipment available \Tithout cost to uoods crews not already so equipped,
during the train ing program.
�asic recruitment for the training program, which
aims at developing 3 additional all-Indian crews, will
e the responsibility
of the 2 Tribal Councils and the Passamaouoddy Community Action Program.
i
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Port and's Division of Indian Services has
agreed to attempt to t10r
out a cystem that will enable it to assist Indians in
the purchase of heavy equipment in the event that tribal members undertake pulp
wo
DIS Coordinator
cutting contracts on their oun behalf, for the company.
Louis Doyle said that his agency uould maintain an active interest in the train
ing
program, and' felt that it would materially assist both tri'·al members and
the company .
His feelings
ere strongly supported 1:.y G-P officials, wh<:> said their exper
ith the one all-Indian woods creu now at work had been most satisfactory.
company said it lould welcome Indian creus in the woods to relieve a critical
ience
(Continued on Page
2)
�(2)
(Continued from Page 1)
labor shortage.
�ut the company officials said a consistent supply of pulpwooa
is essential to mill operations and they reserve' the right to sulstitute non
Indian crews or crew mem1:.ers if production lagged below reasonahle limi.ts.
Maine Governor I'enneth i. Curtis said the proposed settlement "indicates
that all parties have shown flexibility and consideration of each other's points
·of view1' and that the· mutual accomodation has lfar reaching and favorable implic
ations for the economic growth of the tribe and the Georgia Pacific Corporation.=•
Intlian Tol-mship, some 18,000 acres of mostly forested land just north of
Princeton has belonged to the tribe nearly 200 years, by treaty with Massachusetts
and administration by Haine after 1820.
In the past century-and-a-half, since
liaine's statehood, however, the Haine legislature voted from time to time to dis
pose of some of the land and over the years Georgia-Pacific acquired deeds to
some 6500 acres.
The Indian Affairs Department said about 3400 acres are harvested by year
to-ye�r cutting of only mature trees.
·3100 disputed acres are under water and
another 1000 acres are privately held by others.
The t'ribe is claiming in cur
rent litigation, introduced into Massachusetts Superior Court on March 8th, that
the state had no right to dispose of this land,- and that it still belongs to the
Indians.
On the Lalance of the Township, harvesting is managed by the-state and
carried out by Georgia-Pacific with all-Indian crews, by long-standing agreement.
The company reim�urses the trite's trust fund for the timber so obtained.
Com
pany practice is to hire independent contractors to harvest the alienated lands
to which it holds title.
The dispute broke into the news about 2 weeks ago, after the Passamaquoddies
had protested the co�pany contractor's cutting practices on 3 lots of the alien•
ated lands the tribe says it otms.
On June 26th, tribal spokesmen said the com
pany had done nothing to correct the practices nor to hire Indian labor, as re
quested earlier.
They gave Georgia-�acific seven days to stop operations on
the disputed lots completely, or to hire only all-Indian crews for the contract.
Then, on July 4th, about 50 Indians stopped the cutting operations by non•
violent demonstrations on the site, and additional work stoppages were brought
·
on two more ,d ays.
The group uhich worked out the tentative final agreement included tndian
Affairs Commissioner Eduard c. Hincl�ley, and Division of Indian Services Coordin
ator Louis Doyle, in addition to I-Ir. Schoenthaler.
Passamaquoddy Governors
John Stevens and Joseph Mitchell, and Tribal member (and A.F .s c. fieldworker)
Wayne lJewell and other company and �msc officials participated in the afternoon
meeting on the 12th.
At the outbreak of the dispute, Governor Curtis directed the Attorney Gen
eral's office :1to proceed in any action 'tvhich can lead to a final court determin
Tribal spokesmen on the
ation of the legal ownership of the lots in question.
12th indicated that they did not wish the legal ownership question to be brought
before Maine cour-ts by the Attorney General, for fear that it would interfere
with the larger tribal claims case already introduced into court in Massachusetts.
'The t'ribe's eventual long-range goal relative to the forest resources of
Indian To�mship is to equip itself to manage these itself, hiring or obtaining
such technical help as may be necessary.
Indian Commissioner Hinckley supports
this goal, and has cited similar development-of forest resources by other Indian
tribes throughout the country, as precedents
•.
11
•
. PEi!OESCOT I1ET PEI:Io:CSCOT
when, on July 11th, 20 creH members· from the USS Penobscot, a Lavy ocean tug,
Lt. Richard Culbertson, commander pf the
met their namesal·es on Indian Island.
Castine, explaineG that all Navy tugs are named for
vessel, currently moored at
A t-blood Oklahoma Cherokee is Hospital Nate on the
American Indian tribes.
Not-1 the question is - l-Yhere is the USS Passamaquoddy?
ship.
�- 3 E D
I T
0
R
I A L S
TRE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
EDITOR:
( Mrs. ) Eugenia T. Thompson
( P enobsco t )
News
and stories may be submitted to the Newslett
�r
at any of the f oll ow i ng ad d ress
es i
Maine
42
Indian New slett e r
Lib erty Street, Gardine�,
for publication
Morris Brooks
Maine 04345
Indian Township
Princeton,
Mary
Yarrual
Pleasant
Perry,
On Human
Carol Dana
Poi.nt Reservation
Maine
Ma � e 04668
Indian
04667
Island
Old To wn,
Maine 04468
Rights.
Human rights a.re e q u a l ri gh ts b eq u e ath ed to every new born the
right to be born, the right to be tau ght, the ri2ht to be tended to,
And ihen the ne1born became adult he has a ri ght to give birthand to
safe guard that birth with food, clothing, shelter, comfort.
He s a fegu ards
his ne 11born · 1ith the knowledge that within his culture, he accepts or
a d opts or abolishes
aws,
ordi nances,
charters and declarations.
Unfortunately wi +bin his culture, there <...re those �ho believe in
dist rib uti ng these rights, forsaking the insi'lt, in st in ct , the voice
.
within to consider a part of hu.uanity those who do not love his neighb or
as he loves his own self.
I often meet and talk with those neighbo r s who often propose that
to assimilate the IndiE.ns aud aboliwh the reserva
the best thing would be
t i ons.
To partake of humanity,
your
group,
one 111ust be
If-you do not then it is your own fault.
is
a
U1ea.1b�r.
You as a men1ber of
understand t h e rights and re�ponsi bilities of .Jewb�rship.
wrong in your procedure or proposals,
If you feel that so�ething
t_hen you 1ilu0t exercise your h Uiilan
ri ·ht to right che wrong.
·rhere are acceptable ways of makin.'� h u u1a ni ty
nnrl.P.rct.. nd and adjust the wrongs.
y People
have suffered
1any wrongs,
such as
treaty tra mpl in g
broken bequeaths,
pr oL1ises
promises,
killing,
burning
scalping,
hun ger,
pr e j u d i c e ,
It
polluting,
un eL1ployru en t
i ndef ; er c n c e.
is r e c e ntly that history has righte d ii'any huli1<:.m mistakes.
usi�g fu ll lileasure the proper and leg al pr oceedure.
But
we do n ot wish to
enslave a nat ion , murder a man, plunder the L.:.nd or march in numbers.
onl
y wish to serve in ascertaining our human rights, a b ol i s hin g
We
inequ it ies and erasing the iniquities of American history.
tie are now going to
sewarage facilities,
these r iehts to us.
promise� that need
live in adequate houses,
etc.,
have plufilbing facilities,
because our neig hbors have sought to bequeath
We are going to live again - but we have
a
few more
f ill ing - but we have been here lo n ger than you and
I expect we'll be around for some time to come - p e rh aps long enough to
witness t he
fulfilment of these promises.
END
�4
L E T
T
R S
E
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
We are sorry you have left this area but glad that you seem
happy
to be back where you once lived.
The cup of coffee invitation may just
be accepted by us it hath such a cheery and welcoming sound1
During the last part of 'June when sweetgrass begins to shine and
were living back in Eastport, Mitchell Francis 98 years old �as
taken
to the Eastport hospital•
Mitchell Francis Passamaquoddy, looked
up into the faces of those who were his family.
Recognizing them he
we
�
sm led then looked towards a window and as if seeing things remembered
wh ispered to those present, "I would like to walk in sweetgrass once
more."
j
Soon after at nine O'clock that night,
those who loved him.
Mitchell Francis quietly left
I went to the funeral at Pleasant Point.
The only other wbitewen I
saw were two undertakers.
The priest rematked to the congregation that
this funeral service would be the last in which their priest would wear
black vestments.
Henceforth the priest would be vested in purple for a
funeral •
•
•
The service beneath the colored glass windows topped, each one,
by colored glass thunderbird,
was soon over.
black vestments for'the last time.
I did not
The
priest took off the
00 to the burying ground.
Instead I went to where I first met -dtchell Francis at the sea meadow
where the sweetgrass is never still.
wise
Afterwards back.in Eastport
I found none who were aware that a
patriaFch had left the living.
the excitement of weddings,
ical events
Mitchell
Soon
In the newspapers to ·follow with
4th of
I
I felt as thou&h in all the
forked,
passing of
frustrated world
was the only one who felt and knew this vrnnderful old
after
and
,
July announcehl.ents and histor
I saw no notice or news-events or obituary of the
Francis.
of whi·teman
births,
quite by remarkable accident
I took a
Indian.
girl with the
Indian ancestry clear and sweet in her veins to pick her
fifst sweetgrass near the ancient IndiFn village of Sebaik. (Pleasant
She unhesitatinPly found and picked a
Point )
It was her first visit.
proud blood of
/hen we had finished picking I said to
her," there is a legend of a sweetgrass man blowing here ±n the sweet
fragrant swag of sweetgrass.
grass •
•
•
Now there will be a legend of a sweet grass girl f ;i
Instead of laughing she said
what
quietly,
"I
feel here in the sweetgraas
I am supposed to feel in church."
I felt that 1·iitchell
Francis heard and understood.
Sincerely,
A.E .r:c Innis
P.S.
Steinet • • Very topical and hits
• Stan
do most good---realization by white Jmerica
fresh new wind blowing in this land for the Indian • • •
Am reading TfJ.E NE
1
INDTli.N •
terrific punch where shoulrl
that there is a
(Letters continued on page
7)
�� -
-
FIFTH ANNUAL INDIHN
PENOBSCOT INDIANS
PAGEANT
"IN
TH E BEGINNING, there was nothing and Ketch-in-wesk, the
said, 'To fill this great void of darkness, I will
create the sun, the moon, and the stars, to en j oy all that I
11
have done, I will create man.'
Great Spirit,
•
•
•
•
gain the public is invited
Penobscot Indian.
T he tribe is
to beat the tom-tom to
This will
27,
DATE:
July
TIME:
2
PLACE:
Indian
P•
Admission:
4
P•
•
•
•
•
but
very
You
•
•
•
•
creation of
the first
donning their feathers .::i.nd preparing
l be presen�ed
as
in
a
the Passamaq uodd y
n at ural background.
e ach d a y .
I1aine.
.75.
Ann's
Follovling the PAGBANT
the island.
•
to watch the
al
The proceeds will benefit St.
on
•
•
$1.00.
Children:
SUGGESTION:
•
for such tribes
Old Town,
Island,
Adults
•
28.
and
and
•
•
Chiefs will be fe at ure d , since Indian
A Council of visitin g
aliseet.
•
the Green Corn Dan c e , i'fedding Dance and u1any
Island was a central location
and
•
•
set t.he stage for specialty, dances, along
with such group dances as
others.
•
Ch urch on Indian Island.
pay
1ill find the hand
well construct ed.
a
visit to one
of
the Indian stores
made goods are inexpeBsive
Even if you purchase
nothing you
will enjoy
the walk and will see many interesting arti fact s .
Be Slire and talk to sor.ie of the Indians.
friendly
thP
r.hi. 111.L·
eo()(}
t.j
'·
ill find
theLl
and interesting.
Take
You
�u,
h1·i
nr:
lrlPr
t:h0
f o] ks,
me.
__
pj_
rtnd
come yourself
an d
have
a
�f !lAf@�-6�
c@ u
ff AJ:G rt:�N U
'
From Old Town ,
head
right ,
Indian
at the
You can't miss it.
DA/V'CE5
the
S
We'll
0
A/ G- 5
Indian
Island
north and
Island bridge.
just watch for
sign.
see you thereJ
-in Penobscot.
SIDRf £.S
In
centuries
Indians held
past,
the Penobscot
similar ceremonies followini
all important events,
f ooo
turn
such as the
signing of treaties nith
following a harvest,
or
good friends dropped in.
the �':nglish,
just when
(The
Passamaquod3y,for instance.)
�7 Continued from page 4)
(Letters,
Dear Mr.
and
Virs.
now
Well,
Thompson:
busy season is nearly over and things have settled
time to write you.
I've forgotten who wanted the ash wood - Gov. Stevens or Gov.
litchell.
Could you plea.e tell me uhich on� and if he still needs it?
If the tribe h2S so me available land, I think we
could grow some trees maybe even enough to keep up viith the demand of making baskets, etc.
. . ..
down
to normal,
that our
I've got
•
•
•
Yours truly,
Mary, Jerry and Christopher Goodall
(Editor's note:
Jerry is the President of Goodall Tree Expert Co., Inc.
25 Gray R oad , Portland, Maine 04105.
He is quite interesteJ in the
Indians livin g in Maine, especially the Passafilaquoddy.
Some time ago
e talked to Jerry about the three Reservations and he helped put the
Newsletter together one month.
We told Jerry of the Indian's need for
ash wood and asked if he thought they could start a program to raise
some ash trees of their own for future needs.
We realize there may be
a problem of obtaining land for the program if the Pas.sawaquod .. y are
interested in setting one up, sonce it seems that every one except the
Indians themselves have leases to the land. (Some of these le&ses are
said to be 999 year leases which later sorue how turned into warranty
Deeds, but t�at is another story.) de will be talking to the Indian
Governors further about this . ) ·
Dear Eugenia:
We have a Neighborhood Youth Corp here at the Point, (Peter Dana
Point) but we are in dire need of tools to work with.
Our Commissioner of
India n Affairs has refused to help us.
I asked him for rakes and a
lawn mower, but he told me that the money.for the tools is not av.ai lable.
We are trying to beautify the two Reservations, but are-hampered by
the lack of working materials and other expenses such as money for
There
tran spo rtation and if we get a lawn mow·er we will need gas for it.
are no appropriations for this.
I would like to know of any men's or Women's organizations that
could help me with my problem.
Besides rakes and a lawn mower other materiE
can be used.
If there is any way in which you can help I would appreciate
hearing f rom you.
The program ends August 9th.
Sincerely yours,
Morris Brooks
Passaraaquoddy Tribal Councili.;1an
Peter Dana Point
Princeton, �mine
x
x
x x x x x x x
FR011 ·run PAGES OF HISTORY:
Wounded Knee .Nassacre
By
Black Elk
dry gulch, and what we saw was terrible.. Dead
women and children and little babies were scattered
'vVe followed down the
a nd wounded
all
al0ng
( Indian)
here they
w
The so ldie r s h;::Hl
them
in
there.
(Continued on
page 7)
had been trying to run away.
fo1 l nwc<l
A.1.o.ng
the briillch,
AS
t.hey
ran,
and murdered
�8 (Wounded Knee Massacre, continued from page 7)
Sometimes they were in heaps because they had hudJled together, and
some were scattered all along . Sometiaes bunches of them had been killed
and torn to pieces where the wagon guns hit them.
I saw a little baby
trying to suck its mother, but she was bloody and dead.
When we drove the soldiers bnck, they dug themselves in, and we were
not enough people to drive them out froru there.
In the evening they
marched off up Wounded Knee Creek, and then we saw all that they h�d
done there,
Men and women and children were heaped and scattered all over the
flat at the bottom of the little hill 1here the soldiers had their wagon
guns, and westward up the dry gulch all the way to the high ridge, the dead
woman and children and babies were scattered
This is the way it was:
The women. and children ran into the gulch and up the vest, dropping all
the time, for the soldiers shot them as they ran.
There were only about a
hundred warriors and there were nearly five hundred soldiers.
The Warriors rushed to where they had piled their guns and knives
(previously) .
They fought s�ldiers with only their hands until they got
their guns.
It was a good winter day when all this happened . The sun
was shining.
But after the soldiers Llarched auay from their dirty work,
a heavy snow began to fall. The wind came up in the night . There was a
big blizza�d, amd it grew very cold .
The snow drifted deep in the crooked gulch ctnd it !1as orie long grave
of butchered women and children and babies, nho had never done any harm and
were only trying to run away .
(From Rosebud Sioux Herald, July 1, 1968, p. 6)
·
• .
•
• •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
L'II:: YOU -G."!CY
THAT
- Frank Allen offered1 to buy an acre of land from· any of the five mem
bers of the Indian Claims Commission for $1.10?
He had already been turned
down Ly President .J0hnson 't·1hen he made the same offer for a pa:-t of the LBJ�
Banch.
Allen,
a Stillaguamish Indian from '.-J.ashington State, 't1ho is a leader
in the Poor- Pe opi e '·s Campaign, does not think the rejections are fair..
After
all, he argues , $ 1. 10 an acre is the recent offer the U. S. Government made
to his tribe for the 58,600 acres it took from them in the 19th Century!
- Red Sox r ookie outf"ieldei Joe Lahoud is part Penotscot Indian and
hunts every year ·with friends in Piscataquis County, where his grandmother
still resides?..
·
- Henry- Socl·a1eson III, 17-year old son of Mrs. Clarice �omer Sockabeson,
and� senior at John �apst,
Horkshop in the HuT!lanities,
is a student this summer at· the 6-ueek Grove Farm
in Rumford, He.?
The �mrkshop is in its 7th year�
with pro g r aas in literature, music, history and drama.
MacNichol named Assistant Chief Atto�ney
PINE TREE LEGAL ASSISTANCE, INC.
The Board of Directors of Pine Tree Legal Assistance, In.c. at its
regular quarterly meeting in Augusta last Wednesday, unanifilously aprroved
the apiointment of Alexander A. MacNichol of Cape Elizabeth as Assist�nt
Chief Attorney for the organization . Pending the .selection of a permanent
replacement for Charles w. Tenney who resigned as Chief Attorney in
April to accept a post at Northeastern University in Boston, the Board
Pine
also approved selection of MacNichol Ra Acting Chief Attorney.
(Continued on page 9)
�9 (MacNichol,
Continued from page
.
8)
Tree Legal Assistance, Inc. i s Maine's
OEO-funded, st�te.1ide legal services
program serving l�w income indivi
duals.
It has area offices in eight
cities throughout the state.
In other action, the Pine Tree Board also
approved unanimously the
appointment of Donald F. Fontaine as
Law Student Coordinator.
His duties
will include not only supervising
the work of a contingent of University
of Maine law st u dents, but also
the coordination of all test case and
law reform matters by the organizat
ion.
Pine Tree lawyers currently
are working on cases challenging
the ADC maximum budget and maxiLlum
grant limitat ions of the State
Department of Health and ,/elf are; the
imprisonment of an individual
for the "crime ii of chronic alcoholisru; the
ref usal of the Federal Social
Security Administration to grant �idow's
benefits to a common lu.w wife and the
"holder in due course" defense in
con tracts for consumer goods.
In the realm of law reform, Pine Tree is
�ons id e ri n g the problems of divorce legislation, body executions agniast
Judgment d e b t ors, housing code
enforcement, and the juvenile courts.
1' •
JacNich ol, a 1964 graduA.te of the University of Maine School of
Law, joined Pine Tree Legal �ssistance as a Staff Attorney in the Port
land Area Office in Lay, 1967
.
In January this year, he was appointed
Seni or Attorney for the Portland
Bffice and Acting Assistant Chief
Attorney.
Prior to joining the Pine Tree staff, MacNichol practiced lGw
in ,"'outh Portland.
He is a native of Eastpor�, r�aine.
Mr. Font aine is a 1967 graduate of the Georgetown University Law
Center.
Prior to law School, he served for two years with the Peace Corps
in Ghana.
Fontaine has served with Pine Tree Legal Assistcnce as a Staff
Attorney in Portland since the summer of 1967.
He is a native of Portland
here he resides with his bride of one month.
Outgoing Chief Attorney Tenney asked the Board of Directors to
ermit him additional time in
which to file his
final report to them.
He
indicated, however, that he would devote considerable attention in the
report to such matt�rs as the nature and extent of service actually
provided by Pine Tree lawyers, relations between the organization and
the bar of the state,
and possibilities for formal restructuring of
Tenney, who joined
the unit which is now uniforB throughout the state.
ine Tree Legal Assistance, Inc. as its first Chief Attorney in June,
1967,
leaves the state to become Dean of Northeastern University's
College of Criminal �lstice, a new venture designed to provide formal
acadP.mic t oin 'ng for law enforcement officers.
Poor ·People's Campaign
By James Scarboro
(The Coalition of American
Indian
Citizens)
WASilINGTON,
D.C.
- Four
Indians who have been active in the Poor
People's Campaign were among ·the nearly
�olice on Monday,
June 24,
300
persons arrested by WashinGton
while marching on the nation's capital building
to protest their eviction from Resurrection City.
The four, all members of the Coalition of American Indian Citizens,
1ere
jailed on a charge of unlawful assembly.
sou�ht arrest to dramatize eviction from
The marchers consciously
their Washington "home" and to
inaugurate what leaders call the second phase of the Poor People's Campaign1
the phase of civil disobedience.
This practice, which becawe popular du r i n 1
the Civil Rights Hovement' invol VGA the 1 ·'l.��fnl rH �oborH Pnce of laws to
draw attention to injusti�es.
(Continued on page
10)
�- �10 (Poor People, Continued from page 9)
The Indians arrested we re:
Mel Thom (Paiute) , Schurz, N�vada;
Victor Charlo (Flathead) , Arlee, Montana; .Hiss Tillie �valker (r.-1andan-Hidats
Denver, Colorado; and Miss Frieda ll/agnor (Pomo), Oakland, California .
The Poor People's Campaign has included people. from many rices
(Negro, Indian, Jviexican-American, Puerto Rican and ,/hite) and from time to
time has had as many as 150 Indian participants from tribes and reservation
throughout the country, representing sometimes harmonious and sometimes
diverse interests. The Indians have sought to ma.ke the country aware . that
Indian people are the poorest in the nation and those with perhaps the
least opportunity to live as they would choose to live .
Because the presence of the Indians in the campaign has not been
approved by the National Congress of American Indians, the participants
have made it clear that they represent only themsleves and others of like
mind.
But they have also made clear, notably to the Bureau of Indian
Affairs, their belief that neither tribal councils nor the National
Congress of American Indians has done a conscientious job of representing
Indian people.
While supporting the objectives of the Poor People's Campaign, the
Indians here have also worked on their own to make govern�ent agencies awar
of their particular problems.
They have demonstrated at the Bureau of Indi
Affairs, the Department of Justice, the Department of the Interior and
the Supreme Court and have presented detailed demands to governfilent
officials. Though the Indians have not been optimistic about the results
of their campaign, they plan to have a represe ntative in :1ashington
this summer to follow up on the many defilands and requests made during the
two filonths at Resurrection City.
They also plan to tell the story of their work here to other Indians
throughout the country in the hope of mustering support for what they
believe should be the common cause of all Indian people.
To partly accom
plish this purpose the Coalition of American Indian Citizens envisions pub
lishing a booklet describing the Washington campaign and how it might be
carried on in Indian communities.
The Coalition and presumably other
groups of Indians also·intend to maintain their alliance with the Poor Pe
Indians
People's Campaign and with whatever organization may replace it.
have discovered that such united action is more likely to make ."fashingto n
officials take notice of t�eir problems
. ..
Demands which the Coalition has made to the Dureau of Indian Affairs
include:
just compensation for land taken by the United States, the
creation of jobs and public worksprojects, conventions with tribes to re
affirm treaty obligations and to clarify ambiguities, , an end to
racism in federal agencies serving Indian peoples ahd the operation of
schools by Indian communities rather than by tribes .
•
.
x
x
x
x
Remarks of Senator Fannin regarding the National Congress of
American Indians not supporting the Poor People 1 s Hnrch . " • • • the National
Congress of American Indians, one of the most outstanding organizations
interested in the affairs of Indians, has voiced its opposition to the
Poor March in Washington and has courageously pointed out that without
definite realistic and achievable goals there can be little hope of
success. " Reprinted statement by the National Congress of American Indian<
(114 C .R. 98, S 6925-6926, June l0, , 1968)
June 3, 1968.
.
(Reprinted from American Indian Law Newsletter, The U. of New Mexico,
June 26, 1968, P• 5)
�- 11 -
REMNANTS OF NORRIDGE\"JOCK
Until his death in 1724, Fathe� Sebastian Rale lived and worked among
the Norridgewock Indians whose main village was in the
preJent Norridgewock
Madison area.
The village boarded the Kennebec River and thus were
sometifiles called Cannabas Indians.
They travelled along the river,
spending their summers nearer the coast and their
winters back at the Main
village.
The
setting of the village was at one of the most scenic points along
but all this was to come to an end because the English wanted
the land.
And �hen the English wanted Indian land they always ended up
getting it.
After negotiating several treaties and fighting in several
the river,
"-1ars",
the English finally reGorted to the only sure way they knew for
peace and maintaining it thereafter; this was to send in an
army and massacre all of the inhabitants.
Thus on Augu0t 23, 17 24
while the Indians were in church having Mass, the English swept down,
creating
burning the whole village and nearly every inhabitant.
The remnants
of the villagers who escaped went toindian Island to live with the
Penobscot tribe mostly, ¥rhile the remainder went to Canada to live, just
as the 1a1enock and Annasagunticook were to do just 20 to 25 years later.
This summer if you perchance find yourself in Portland,
to stop
at the IIaine Historical Society at
485
Haine besure
Congress Street where
on exhibit through Labor Day you will find many old relics of the
Kennebec area.
Included Father Rasle's strong box, his prayer book.and
the bell which �ent to his mission.
Valley published in England in 1755.
The exhibit
10 to
5
Also there is a map of the Kennebec
is free and the Historical Society museum
weekdays and from
THEN A PLEA.SANT DRIVE -
10
to noon on Saturday.
is opened from
·
Then to top the day off why not take a drive to
The directions are
see the area where the Indian village once stood.
easy:
First go to Norridgewock, then going north, turn right, on the
Madison Road (Routes 8 and 201A)
Then go about three miles and take a tarr
road on your left. (There is no sign to guide you so if you miss the turn,
just keep going until you come to the next tarred left which veers off
very sharply about 4 miles further down the road; no sign here either.)
After taking this turn you will come to an old Catholic Cemetary at the
very back of which is a monument depicting the place where the mission once
stood.
Less than a hundred yards further down the road you will cowe to
another stone monumentwith the following inscription:
Site of Norridge
Old Point monument
Indian Village destroyed by English in 1724.
wock
beyond commemorates the death of Father Rasles and Indians in massacre.
There are several logging roads nearby leading to the river bank,
Although the river cannot
also a beautiful pine grove picnic area.
be seen through the brush it is only a few feet into the woods.
and
It is best to visit the site on a beautiful day as then you will
be able to a:lmost sense how it was for the tribe to live in such a
beautiful area.
However, it might not be to your best interest to
take a
swim
in the same
or anything like that since the river.has not been kept
con�ition
as
he
trjbc
oncP
kept
itJ
�..
.....
·· -
-
.
-
- . -- . - .......
- 12 TOTEMS
T he figures or em�lems connected with the signatures of the Indians
in the language of the Algonquins, Totems; �nd are the dis
tinguishing marks or signs of the clans or tribes into which the various
nations are divided.
They are not the personal emplelils of the chiefs,
are called,
although
in signing treaties they employ then as their sign manual.
Each tribe or clan had its eLlblem, consisting of the figure of some
bird, beast, or reptile, and is distinguished by the name of the animal
which it has assumed as a device, as Wolf, Hawk, Tor�oise.
To different
totems, _says Parkman in his "Conspiracy of Pontiac,
degrees of rank and dignity; and those of the Bear,
the Wolf are among the first in honor.
Each man is prowd of his badge,
respect.
The
use of th�
the northern tribes;
totem
Mr.
jealously
11
attach different
the Tortoise,
asserting its claim to
prevailed among the southern,
Parkman says
and
that Mr.
as well as
Gallatin informed him,
that
he was told by the chief of a Choctaw deputation at �ashington, that in
their tribe w�re eight totemic clans, divided into t10 classes of four
each.
lr.
Parkman
stay of the
says
again,
in the work above cited,
which gave the structure its eiastic strength;
confederacy of
by
shocks
from
Iroquois must
irrespective
clans;
page
Iroquois polity was the system of totemshi,p.
9,
"But the main
It was this
and but fur this,
a mere
jealous and warlike tribes uust soon have been rent asunder
without,
or discord �rem within.
have formed an individual nation;
of their separation into tribes,
and the members of each
clan,
At sowe
for the
early
whole
period the
people,
consisted of eight totefilic
to what nation soever they belonged,
were mutually bound to one another by those close ties of fraternity which
mark this
singular institution.
Thus the five nations of the confederacy
were bound together by an eight-fold band;
remnants cling
TOO
LONG
and to this hour their slender
to one another with invincible tenacity."
PM
OVERPROTECTED:
Sectors of Canada's
Indian population hcve been overprotected for
Pririle Hinister Trudeau suggested to a riinnipeg meeting, May 24.
Speaking to some 1,000 dinnipeg business11en during his caLlpaign tour,
too long,
Nr.
Trudeau said
required
a
that
steps
toward full integration of the nation's
ilnecessary stage of protection,
11
Indians
but he also added that
"in many cases this stage has gone on for too long."
Mr. Trudeau dropped the suggestion during a question-and-answer
session with the local branch of the Canadian Club that swept briefly over
many of the key issues in the current election campaign.
in
He said the long-term aim of the government concerning the
should be geared to integration but not assiLlilation.
Indians
Canada
This involves,maintaining the autonomy and self-government of the
many bands for as long as is necessary to preserve Indian values and then
making sure that those values are integrated into society at large.
Although the prime minister made no specific rec01.u:.1endations, he in
may be time-at least in certain instances-to attempt to phase
programs of government protect.ion in order to promote n10re
dicated it
out many
extensive policies of integration.
( Indian
Record
(Canada)
June-July
x
REMINDER Maine
The
04345.
1968)
x
x
Newsletter's new a�dress is 42 Liberty Street,
stop in if you are in the area.
No phone yet.
Gardiner,
�JOIDJ <(OLLIER Is
VISION
by D Arey McNickle
John Collier,
fprmer U. s.
Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
in the little Roly Cross Hospital at Taos,
N.M.,
died on May 8
at the age of 84.
silences one of the civilized voices of a savage age.
His death
The fact that his long and productive life ended at Taos carries its own
poignancy,
for at Taos some forty-six years ago John Collier found his purpose.
The Taos Indians ·who sang by his bedside at the end were acknowledging that dis
covery,
thus completing the cycle.
As Commissioner,
during the years
1933-45,
years of depression and war,
Collier quite certainly rescued American Indians from the doom prepared for
them by generations of stupidity and venality fostered by government policies
and practices.
Indians will thus have the most immediate sense of loss in
Collier's passing.
Less immediate and less apparent is the loss of a social
critic of uncommon gifts.
For Collier, insight into Indian life gave access to "stupendous facts
within tiny dimensions11 about the con9ition of man in modern society.
That
was what first commanded his attention at Taos Pueblo in 1922, as he watched a
ceremonial dance.
Later he described how "a whole race of men, before my eyes,
passed into ecstasy through a willed discipline� splendid and fierce, yet struc
an objectively impassioned discipline which was a thousand years old.'
tural,
tJatching the dancers,
neither read nor tn-ite,
he realized:
"These were unsentimental men who could
poor men who lived by hard work,
men who were told every
day in all kinds of unsympathetic ways that all they believed in and cared for
had to die,
gods.11
and who never answered back.
For these men were at one with their
As he reflected on these and similar scenes in the years that carried him
deeper into tribal affairs,
it was borne in on Collier that Indians had retained
something that had disappeared from the lives of industrialized Westerners.
Urbanization had uprooted populations, destroyed neighborhoods,
impoverished
the relationship between generations, expanded enormously �uch escape devices
as commercialized recreation,
and favored the lowest con:mon denominators in
entertainment and mass communication.
wildered,
In all of this,
confronting ultimate destruction.
urbanized man stood be
That Indian societies coul<l survive in an environment so hostile to simple
folk values could only astonish a mind as sophisticated as his.
In spite of
oppression, contumely, appropriation of their wealth, even threats of extermin
ation through wars and pestilence, they had remained viable, keeping their lang
uages, their religions, their kinship systems and their self-views and world
views.
observed:
They had been adaptive and assimilative,
yet faithful to the past.
He
beauty in the human relationship,
happiness and amplitude of personality are not dependent on complexity of mater
ial culture or on that 'security' which in the world today has come to be a
"Intensity of life,
form in life,
controlling objective • • • • It is.hard for us, citizens of an age of giant external
power, to conceive that the human psychic and social values • • • • were not created
by ourselves.;:
(To be continued next month;
from The Nation,
6/3/68)
CHURCHES FORM DENTAL CLINIC FOR INDIANS
CALAIS - The Division of Indian S�rvices of the Diocese of Portland has
announced the establishment of a dental clinic at Calais Regional Hospital.
The
clinic, sponsored by the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee and the Diocese
(with the assistance of the Maine Dental Health D�vision and Dental Association)
will treat dental problems among Passamaquoddy Indian children.
Louis L. Doyle, co-ordinator of the Division of Indian Services, stated
(Con�inueo on Page 14)
�( 14 )
( Con ... inued from Page 13)
c l in i c wi l l g iv e f ir s t prior i ty to the treatmen t o f t h e d e n t a l pro� l ems
of Indian chi ldren and w i l l a l s o tr e a t Ind ian adu l t s if t ime permi ts .
i ::·!e hope the c l in i c wi l l lead even tua l ly to incr eased cien t a l fac i l i t ie s
f o r a l l peop l e i n t h e Ca l a i s ar e a , · 1 D oy l e s a id , : .bu t in the b e g inn ing � e can
t h a t the
offer
s erv i c e s on ly
Ska l ing dur ing
its
ty the 0 ta t e D e n t a l
to Ind ians •
Thomas
The c l inic wi l l b e dir e c ted by Dr .
. :
in i t i a l phas e s ,
( a s s i s t e d by
two Den tal
He a l th D iv i s ion . )
(o;'rom the ' angor Dai ly l ..e-os , 7 / 1 / 68 )
Hygien i s t s as s igned
C UP. TIS IJAL:ZS HUI JAP RIGHTS TASK F OI:C3
(AP)
AUGUS TA
. - Gov .
R i g h t s Nonday with D r .
Kenne th N .
J.
S t an ley
Cur t i s appo in t e d a Tas k Force on Human
Evan s o f r anger as
chairman .
' ' Of imme d i a t e concern to me , : : Cur t i s s a i d in a s ta t emen t ,
t he po s s iL i l i ty o f d i s cr imina t ion in r e a l e s t a t e tran s ac t i on s . : i
t a sk f o r c e
make
: . c and idly r epor t on
to
spe c i f i c r e c ommend a t ions
for
the
the fu l l enj oymen t of
10th .
he l d in Augu s t a on Ju ly
leg i s lative and
t io n s
to
in
the
the
task f or ce ,
s tate
•
•
•
admin i s t r a t ive ad opt ion . 1 1
l aws and pr ac t i c e s affe c t ing a l l 1-laine
The f ir s t me e t ing wi l l oe
the ir c iv i l r igh t s .
of var ious r a c i a l and r e l ig ious minor ity
The governor named r e pr e s en ta t ives
group s
He a sked the
of r igh t s guaran teed in Maine and
ex tent
The t a s k for ce wi l l a l s o evalua t e I-Jaine
pe o p l e in
1 = 1 s to e l iminate
the three
inc lud ing the governor s o f
Ind i an r e s erva
•
(From t he F angor D a i ly l1e\·1 s ,
6 / 26 / 6 8 )
F TC RULE S UID IAP CRAF T HUS T B E GENUINE AB TICLE
HAS HD!G TON (AP)
The F e deral
-
Trade Commi s s ion came to the de fen s e Thur s
d a y o f t h e Amer i c an Indi an and h i s cr a f t smanship .
The commi s s i on s a i d i t has un cover ed impor ted and mach ine -made cur io s . �
souven ir s and nove l t i e s which have b e en pa s s ed o ff a s genuine Ame r i can Indian
hand icr af t s .
i s sued a t rade r egu l a. t i on
It
1 1a j or provi s ion in
hopes
it
to
is
the regu l a t ion
l imit
t·ri. 1 1
such
s t op the prac t i ce .
terms as 1 1 Indian made , . .
1 1 Ind i an 1 : and = 1Ame r i c an Indian ' · o n ly t o tomahawks , t o t em p o l e s , arrows , tom- toms
and o ther ar t i c l e s hand cra f ted by Indi an s l iving in the Un i t ed S ta te s .
Por t l and Pr e s s - He r a ld ,
(From the
L:. / 1 9 / 6 B )
FAS HIONADLE F IDDLIUIEADS
It
t ab l e s ,
f idd lehe ad
is
s t ra ight ye�r
Brun sw i ck ,
and
and nm1 ,
s ea s on up Hor th ,
f idd l eh e ad s even have
f id d l eh e ad fan s made
it
to
in the S t . John River in l!e't·1
the ceremon i e s on a b arge tha t l1as
tho s e in a t tend an c e 't·1er e de s cendan t s o f
Among
fidd leheads
f ir s t harve s t ed
spor t s ,
•
•
•
thr e e centur i e s
but
ag o .
the Mal e c i t e Ind i an s , who
The F i dd l ehe ad F e s t iva l
Ind i an dan c ing and the crown ing of
s toryt e l l ing ,
d l ehe ad prince s s ,
f i d d l ehead s
l ike o ther b ig - t ime vege
the se cond
It uas he ld for
the o ther we ekend on Savage I s land
pas s eci o f f as a f erry .
f e a tured
jus t
fe s t iva l .
the ir o"t<m
1 9 6 0 fid
the
the highligh t was a d inner of roas t b e e f and ,
of cour se ,
•
F id d l e head s ,
cur l e d up frond s
of
gra c e fu l
s p irals r e s emb l ing
the o s tr i ch f ern .
the head s o f vio l in s ,
· The e ar l ie s t of
are the
s pr ing gr.e en s ,
they
They tas t e l ike as paragus wi th mu shrooms .
A favor i t e d i s h is to s erve them wi th poached egg and h o t but t ered toa s t , but
NcCain ' s Foods Ltd . , o f F lorencevi l l e
there are many way s to s erve f i d d l ehe� s .
grow in Haine and par t s o f Canad a .
P.E . ,
pacl-ag e s
i a l ty
s to r e s
1 10 , 000
pound s o f fro zen f i dd l eheads a year a n d l e t s U .
f igh t over them •
(From Spor t s
•
•
I l lus t r a t ed ,
6/ 1 0 / 68 )
S.
spec•
�(15 )
�
GOVER I' OE S ATTEtID Hill�J:1 LIGHTS TA SK ' FO itCE i'.iE!; TI UG
( S e e s tor.y on Page 14)
AUGU� TA
Pa s s ama quoddy Governor s Jo s eph lii t che l l ( Pl e a s an t Po in t ) and
( Ind ian Town ship ) and Penob s c o t Governor John Hi t che l l a t tend e d t he
f ir s t me e t ing of the Ta sk Force on Human Right s , appo in ted by Gov . Kenn e t h M .
Cur t i s , he l d in Augus t a o n Ju l y 1 0 t h .
At t h i s me e t ing , a sub c ommi t tee on Ind ian Affair s was s e l e c t ed , cons i s t ing
John
S t evens
the 3 Tr i b a l Governo r s ; Dr . J e an D . Andrews , po l i t i c a l s c ience pro fe s s or a t
the Un iver s i t y o f Maine i n Augu s t a , and a member o f the F l a ck fo o t Indian Trib e ;
Hr . G e r a l d Talbo t , o f Por t land , 3rd V i ce -Pres ident df the iJew Eng land Reg iona l
Con fer ence of the NAAC P ; Mr . Orv i l l e S . Po l and , an a t torney from B lue Hi l l ; and
of
•
Edward Hurre l l , of Augus t a , a memb e r o f the l'-"'
.iaine S t a t e Advi sory Commi t te e
t o the Uni t e d S t a t e s Cormni s s ion on Civ i l Right s .
The Ind ian sub c ommi t te e p l an s
a me e t ing f or July 20th at the home of Governor John Mi t che l l , on Ind i an I s l and .
In add i t ion , Governor S t even s was a l s o named to s erve on the Task Force ' s
pub l ic r e l a t io n s sub commi t t ee , and Gov . John �li t c he l l i s a memb er of the sub
commi t t e e on Job Oppo r tun i t i e s .
TE PE E C l 1Y I J ERECTED BY DI SGRUNTLED IND IAr!S
- Ano ther �-!ashing ton had i t s Re surre c t ion Ci ty today s e t up b y Ind ian s who say they wan t the ir l and b a ck
b e cau s e whi t e men haven ' t l ived up to the ir tre a t ie s .
OLYMPIA . T Ta s h .
a
t e pe e and
(AP)
ten_t encampme n t
The camp , e s t ab l i s hed on a corner of t he s t a t e cap i t o l ground s , is r e ferred
to b y t nd i an l e ad er Jan t Mc cloud as "Re surre c t ion C i ty I I . 1 =
Some o f its l e ad
er s a l s o were ac t ive
capital .
in the l if e o f the f ir s t Re surr e c t ion C i t y � n t he na tion ' s
ir
camp s t ar t e d , ¥ s . Mc c loud announ c e d the Ind i an s wer e r e
S he said the whi t e man
c l aiming a good p ar t o f the s t a t e - inc lud ing O l ymp i a .
Tlhen the
had broken the Me d i c ine Creek Treaty of
S he r e ferred
to a U . S .
1 8 54 .
Supreme Cour t rul ing
that
the
treaty d idn ' t g ive
t.or t hwe s t Ind i an s the righ t to f i sh commer c i a l ly for s a lmon off
t ions in vio l a t ion of s t a t e cons erva t ion laws .
111 e
curr en t n igh t t ime popu l a t ion of
the
camp ,
the ir r e s erva
con s i s t ing of
three
20- foo t
At i n terva l s , the
canva s t e p e e s and f our t e n t s , is 29 , dr s . Hc C l oud s a id .
camp ' s c o s tumed and b e aded med i c ine man , S€mu Huau te , who d e s cr ib e s hims e l f as
Chuma s h Ind i an an d in t e r t r ib a l me d i c in e man from Ca l i fornia , l e c ture s cur iou s
from Olymp i a on Ind i an lore and cus toms .
The c amp is o f f i c i a l ly ignored by the
a
s tate .
The
s e t t l emen t
is a l s o to pr o t e s t
r ig h t s ac t iv i s t D i ck Gr e gory .
a
the
j a i l ing of Negro come d ian and c ivi l
Gregory i s in j a i l j u s t acro s s
the
s tre e t s erving
90-day s e n t en c e in conne c t ion w i t h an Ind ian f i s hing demon s t ra t ion more
than
Hr s . � cC l oud was invo lved in the o r ig inal demon s tr a t ion t o o .
two y e ar s ago .
To a que s t ion of how l ong the Ind ians p lan to s t ay , Mr s . Nc C l oud has a
s tand ard an swer f or a l l comer s : "As l ong as the sun shines and the rain f a l. l s
and t h e moun t ains s t and . '
(From the
Por t l and Even ing Expr e s s ,
6 / 28 / 68 )
SI!:l-�TE SUBCONMITTEE S TAFFZP.S V I S I T NAir!E
AUGUS TA
-
John Gray and Adr ian Parme t er ,
s ta f f memb e r s of t he U . S .
Senate
Spe c i a l Subcommi t te e on Ind i an Education , v i s i t ed Augus ta on Ju ly 1 7 t h and t h e
Pas s amaquoddy �e s erva t ion s or. J u l y 1 8 th a s p ar t o f a nat ion•wide explor a t ion o f
Inv i ted i.:.y Gov . Kenne th
prob l ems , pr ograms and pro gr e s s in Ind i an e ucat ion .
Cur t i s at the r e o ue s t o f b o th Pas s amaquoddy J:'rica l Counc i l s , the· s ta f f er s me t
Thur s d ay a f te rno �n i n the Governor ' s o f f ice with repr e s e n t a t ive s o f the S tate
(Con t inued on Page 1 6 )
�(16)
(Continued from Page 1 5 )
D e partments o f Education and Indian A f fairs , the Diocesan D ivision of Indian
Services and the S isters of Mercy , be fore continuing their trip to the Pleasant
Pleasant Point and Ind ian Township Reservation s .
( The Penobscot Tribal Coun cil
had earlier votec! not to b e come involved with the Sub committee ' s · " · � ·: ·. �: �. .:. :. .
Governor Curtis told the group that 1 1Maine and the Federal government must
ac celerate their work together to correct the ine quities which often limit the
educational oppor tunities of many of our Naine Indians • 1 1
Outlined at the meeting was the need for new classrooms , comprehensive
guidance servi ces , ho t lun e� and breakfast fac ilitie s , ade quate school playgrounds
and expanded adult education programs at virtually all of the state ' s Indian
reservations .
In d iscussing some of the cultural and language factors that a f fect Indian
education in Maine , as elsewhere , the Governor commented : · 1 1 It is very d i f f icult
to live in two d i f ferent worlds .
The only solution as I see it is to allow
our Indian citizens the freedom to d o what they want, by making as many oppor
tuni ties a�Tailable to them as possib le , so they may live in whatever way they
wish . 1 1
Underlining many of the Governor ' s comments about the Reservations particularly those of the Passamaquoddy Tribe - was his emphasis on the impor t ance
of e conomic d evelopment programs , not only for the Reservations but also for
Washington County as a whole .
Grey and Parmeter agreed that education could
not be separated from such other areas of
development and the like .
concern as heath ,
employment ,
e conomic
The Governor also announced at the meeting that an Indian Education Advisory
Committee is being formed by the Maine Education Council to assist in drawing
up reconunend ations to the Governor concerning the establishment of a long -range
vocational and edu cational guidance program at the state ' s Indian reservations.
n The time is long past when states ancl the Federal government can afford
to shirk their responsib ilities in providing quality educ ation for the American
Indian , 1 1 said the Governor .
: 1 In this respect we are now not only attempting
to achieve e quality of opportunity for Maine Indians relative to that of the
rest of the state ,
but equality of results . "
A frequent theme during the meeting in Augusta was the fact that many
federally -assisted programs that are available to Indian tribes under Fe deral
j urisdiction are not nou available to Maine Indians, whose jurisdiction rests
with the state .
Furthermore ,
a number of Federal programs designed to benefit
communities and units of loca l government in general are also not applicable to
the reservations in Maine without amendments of existing state and Federal laws ,
because of historical complexities and the unique political status o f the reser
vations .
The Governor cite d , as one example of this problem , the several amend
ments re quired in the Maine Indian Housing Act before the tribes could become
eligible for sewage and water grant programs routinely available to communities
throughout the country .
The Governor praised earlier actions by the University of Maine and the
Board of Education for the state in making scholarship programs available at
various institutions of higher education .
"Hore such programs are needed , " he
said .
He also conunended such programs as Head S tart , the Studen t Action Corps
Penobscot tutor ing program , and activities of the Diocese
(University of �Iaine )
in the fields of education and child health .
D ID YOU KNO�·J THAT
po sted t�e highest score ever record
ed in basic training combat proficiency tests in Co . E , 4th Bn . , 3rd Brigade at
He ran the mile in 5 : 34 in full combat uniform and boots .
F t . Lewis, Wash . ?
Great-grand father Richard Wooden Legs was on the winning side at the B attle of
Pvt .
John Wooden Legs ,
Little Bighorn ,
of Lame Deer , Mont . ,
against General Custer .
conunands a battalion at Ft .
Lewis .
A great-grand -nephew of General Custer
Pvt . Hooden Legs has never met him !
�{ 1 7)
1 1 THE ALIENATED
As thi s
C l ark
b e ing wr itten
is
7 th )
( Ju l y
state permi s s ion to cu t timb er on Indian l and s , the so - c a l l e d
wh i c h has b e en g iven
Ind i an s
the
lots : •
" a l i enated
c l aim by way of a 1 7 94 treaty with Nas sachu s e tts .
howeve r ,
No matter uhat the re su l ts ar e ,
n o matter who s e
r e forms ,
there is no way o f fore t e l l ing the
the confrontation at Pr inceton b e �ieen the Ind i an s and the company
of
r e s u l ts
LOTS 1 1
b y Hi l l iam M .
it is pas t time
for
no ma t te r wh i c h l eg i s l ator s grumb l e about b e ing d i s turb e d in the ir
Ind ian s at Pr i n c e ton
The
have a pre tty good c as e
have a good
for c l aiming ,
case
of
fairne s s
The
as a min imum ,
por t ion s of
5 , 000
10 , 000 .
or
The
but
the who l e of Washington County ,
It s hou l d have some b e ar ing ,
on the
however ,
The
shou l d be the i r s ·, to manage and to harve s t .
in any way they s e e
i t b e ing s iphoned o f f to be u s e d ' 1 f or the i r mm good . i :
shou ld be
l and
the irs to d ivide
Suppo sed l y the management and harve sting o f Ind ian land i s no·w
deal .
They
they
Ac tual l y ,
g iv in g them comp l e te contr o l of the acr e s they admitte d l y own .
l and s at Pr i n c e ton
from the
r evenue s
curta i l e d ,
s leep .
at l e as t 1 0 , 000 acr e s of timb e r l and .
mm
c l aiming anothe r
for
futi l e to tal � about that.
it i s
some drasti c
fee l ings are hur t , n o matte r who s e pr o f i ts are
f i t , w i thout
a
three -·way
State o f �Lai ne prov id e s the for e s ter s to p l an and activate a long
theor e t i c al ly , aims at cont inuity o f harve s t .
rang e pro gr am wh i c h ,
compan ie s buy the '-mod and gui� cut t ing prac t i re s .
a nd the s tumpage .
The Ind ians
Pr ivate
supp l y the
nut even i f they were not ,
F inanc ia l ly , the Ind ian s are abus ed .
1ho le arr angement i s archai c .
The patching up of �he pr e s en t quarr e l ,
shou ld not b e a s ignal
the Ind i an s tr iumph ,
B e c au s e ,
l ab or
the
if
even
for perpetuation o f the o ld program .
at Pr i n c e ton , we have the near e s t th ing imaginab l e to a d iv in e ly
He have c ir cumstan c e s that can be
created s ituation .
arranged to g ive a who le
The oppor tun ity i s
group of people a look at new hor i z on s .
even the most l e thar g i c bur e aucrat s hould b e
j o l te d by i ts
so exc iting that
spark .
It is
a lmo s t
l ike hav ing a chance to tur n ove r a l imi t le s s c o a l mine to an Appal achian com
mun i ty of 10 p e o p l e and s ay ,
it.
B le s s you , the r evenue
is your industry ; we wi l l train you to run
i . Here
i s your s
• 1:
l au n ch the s e programs where w e tr ain p e op l e for j ob s and then f ind j ob s
them .
l e l l , o n the Ind i an s ' timb er land s the re i s a who le range o f j ob s
He
for
re d y to b e
f i l led •
Ind i an has a s hare
•
•
•
•
work to b e done for an Ind i an cooper ative i n whi ch e ach
•
•
•
work in wh i ch there
is pr ide o f po s s e s s ion and knowl edge
that the land '7i l l be i n b e tter shape f or s on s to come .
How could the r e po s s ib ly be anything more wor thy of a state suc s i d i zed
educationa l pro gr am ,
s tate
l o an s for machinery ,
s tate provid ed guidan c e but NO T
COH'IROL?
A man d o e s n ' t need to be a graduate for e s ter to know the e s sential s o f
mark ing a t r ac t f or proper
cour s e
in
fore s t management .
be managing the ir
s t ate
He n e e d n o t be a high s cho o l graduate
cutting .
to ab s orb a l l the fundamenta l s he wou ld have to l e ar n in a short
to be ab l e
• • • • or
mm
In
3
or 4 y e ar s ,
land s as w e l l as
any
the Ind i an s at Prin c e ton c ou ld
other owner s of
timb er tr acts
in th i s
in th i s "t-1ho le coun try .
To pa s s up thi s chance to he lp and encourag e p e o p l e to he lp thems e lve s
i s an a f front to every s tated goal
i s a p la c e to open u p a future .
be done for s o
of the O f f i c e of Economic Oppor tun ity .
Th i s
Thi s
i s a s i tuation i n wh i ch s o much cou ld
l i ttle that the te l e grams
should b e pour ing into Augu sta .
lb e i n j us t i ce that has b e e n go ing on for s o l ong has cu lminated i n a cr i s · s .
Ue n e e d a swe e p ing change , a l e g i s l a ted revo l
Le t u s no t have a patching j ob .
ution ,
a b r and new p l an .
Summer g o e s swi f tly .
How doe s the
c l o ser than we think .
from y our d i s tr ic t s tand on g iv ing thi s r e al he lp to the Maine Ind i an s ?
E le c tion s are
cand idate
(From the
Por tland Pre s s - He r ald ,
7 / 8/ 6 8 )
�( 18)
AD S AND AMERICAN UIDIAES
Ano ther minor i ty group - the Ame r i can Indian - is pro t e s t ing d i s tor t ion
trad i t ions and h i s tory in TV comme r c i al s .
John Be l indo ,
exe cu t ive d ir e c tor of the Nat iona l Congre s s of Amer i c an Ind ians and h ims e l f a
Kiowa - Nava j o , showed up as a wi tne s s b e fore the New York Ci ty Commi s s ion on
Human R i gh t s during hearings on a l leged d i s cr imina t ion again s t mino r i ty groups
of
i t s chara c t e r ,
in commun i c a t ions and adver t i s ing .
shou l d be heard , as we l l as tha t of
He remind ed them that
the He gre and
the Ind ian viewpoint
the Puer t o Ri can .
1 1 The enhan ceme n t and per p e tu a t i on of s tereo type mo t i fs of the Indian as
s avage or t r eacherou s , unre l iab l e or chi l d l ike , produ c e s impeding
e ff e 5 t s on emp l oyab i l i ty of the Indian or h i s oppor tun i t i e s for educat ion to a
drunke n ,
s ta t e of emp l oy ab i l i ty .
I t a l s o l end s i t s e l f to the generat ion of s e l f -r igh t
j u s t i f i c a t ion s on t h e par t o f t h e non- Ind ian i n app l i c a t ion o
commerc ial
ac t iv i t i e s whi ch have d ir e c t soc i a l and e conomi c impa c t on the Ind ian . 1 1
f
e ou s
1968)
Ju l y ,
(From Changing Time s ,
MOHEGAN MUSEUN
Pe o p l e from some 1 7 countr i e s have found the ir way to the Mohegan Museum
on Conn e c t i cu t S ta t e nou te 3 2 , abou t 9 mi l e s nor th of New London , Conn . , accord
to a r e ce n t
ing
�·
3 - co lumn f e a ture ar t i c l e
in the
trave l
s e c t ion of The New York
The mus eum i s oper at e d b y Har o l d Tan t a quidgeon and h i s s i s t er ,
_G l ad y s Tan t qu idgeon , uho a r e d e s ce ndan t s of the Mohegans i l lu s trious
TOO !ATE TO CLAS S IFY -
S
l
sees
The He ighborhood You th Cor p s program at
Ind ian youth wor king
v i s ion of Danie l Franc i s ,
t ion o f Mor r i s Broo!�s .
I s land ,
tribal
at
and at
r e cr e a t iona l ar e a s .
- Mi l l town ,
Pa s s amaquodd y l and thi s sunnner
the Plea sant Po in t Re s erva tion under the
Penob s c o t young people ar e simi lar ly employed a t Indian
Pro j e c t s
inc lude expanding and b e au t i fy ing
general r e s erva t ion c le an -up s and
N. E . ,
by Pa s s ama quoddy Ind i an s
super
the Ind ian Totm ship Re s erva t ion under the d irec
und er V I S TA superv i s ion .
ceme t e r ie s ,
Mi s s
Chi e f Unca s .
on Ju ly
14th wa s
the ho s t
from Plea s an t Po in t .
the deve lopmen t of b e t ter
to co lorfu l ceremon i a l dance s
- Owen Lo l ar and Jeffrey G o s l in , o f the Penob s c o t Tribe , repeated _ the ir
e ar l ier f ir s t s eme s ter succe s s e s at E .
Maine Voc a t iona l - Te chnical In s t i tu t e
by appear ing on the Dean ' s l i s t f o r t h e se cond s eme s t er ,
- Rob e r t Jone s ,
is now a c o ord ina t or
s cho o l s for
is
-
7th .
for
of Educ a t ion in a program to p lan mode l
the D e p t .
the Ind ian Re s ervat ion s and unorganized terr i tor i e s o f the s t a t e .
Pro f e s s ional
proud of
ending June
former s choo l super in t end ent in the Sherman Mi l l s ar ea ,
the
fact
s inge r ,
tha t he
26 -year o ld Hayne Newton ,
is
%
Ind i an
a
nat ive of Nor f o l k , Va1 ,
- par t Cherokee and par t Powa t an .
- A vac a t ion s cl)ool: invo lving ch i l dren from Prince ton , Wa i t e , Grand Lake
Ind ian Tmvnship
Pe t e r Dana Po int wa s conc luded on June 2 8 th .
_ Chap l a in C o l eman 0 1 Too l e and S i s t e r Nary Vin c e n t o f the S i s t er s of Mercy to ok
par t in the program , whi c h wa s condu c t e d with the Congregat ion a l chur che s of
S t r e am and
3 non - Ind ian commun i t ie s .
the
that
s o on ,
the Border Hi s tor i ca l So c ie ty , in E a s tpor t , l e arned
the Ma ine Mu s eum Commi s s ion wi l l v i s i t Hashing ton Coun ty
in conn e c t ion _ l1i t h Ind ian Ve ter ans ,a t P l e a s an t Po in t .
- V I S TA Trainee s l o c a t e d on the 3 Re s erva t ions for a 4 -week t r i a l exper
- The
June me e t ing of
the d ir e c tor
of
P l e a s an t Poin t ; · Kim Cler c and Eob Lowe
At the
Ind ian To�m ship .
end of the 4 we eks , the 3 Tr i b a l Coun c i l s wi l l be a sked to de c ide if they wish
the vo lun t e er s to s tay for a fu l l y e ar of s ervi c e .
- 19 Pa s s amaquoddy· young people e n j oy e d a one -'We ek home s t ay program in
ience ar e :
Bi l l and D o t t ie r...u per t ,
At t l eb or o ,
Mas s . ,
at
Ind i an I s land ;
and Greg Bue s ing-
late
in Jun e ,
for
at
and r.ruce B evy at
the
s e cond y e ar in a row .
�MAINE INDIAN NEW SLE TTER
42 LIBER TY S TREET
GARD INER ,
�
.AINE
04345
DON 1 T DELAY !
TO GE T LOCAL AND LONG D I S TANCE INDIAN NEWS ,
Th e fo l lowing sub s cr i p t ion r a t e s are
chaTged for a 1 2 -month sub script ion to
THE MAINE I ND IAN NEWSLE TTER
Indian
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
Non - Ind ian (Re gular )
"
( Con tr ibu t ing )
"
( Suppor t in g )
"
(Life t ime )
-$ 10 . 00/year
- $ 50 . 00/year
If you are a NON - I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and s end in the sub
scrip t ion s l ip
pr i a t e amoun t .
(be low ) WITH the appr o
Your sub s cr i p t i on
w i l l b e g in with the next ava ilab le
is sue a f t e r your sub s cr ip t ion s l ip
is r e c e ived .
DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR EACH MON TH !
If you are an INDIAN , wherever you l ive ,
f i l l out and send in the sub s cr i p t ion
s l ip
(b e l ow ) ,
ide n t i fy ing your · Tr ib e
and enc l o s ing N O money .
The addr e s s l abe l s ind i ca t e the s tatus
"
o f your sub s cr ip t ion .
"F-I
me ans
"
"Fre e - Indian .
The abbreviat ion o f
a month
( JAN)
i s the time - next year
your sub s cr ipt ion fee wi l l again be
due .
-
You wi l l NOT ge t an ind ividual
e;-sO"b'e-a"ler t !
exp ir atIOO not'ic
(Com
p l imentary and Exchange-sUb'Seript ions
do not r e quire renewal . )
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
I wou ld
ADDRESS
l ike t o rece ive monthly regular i s sue s o f the Maine Indian New s l e t ter :
DA TE__ __ __ __ _
__
__
__
__
IND IAN
NON-INDIAN
����----��
( S tree t or P . O .
B ox )
S ta t e
( C i ty
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Code )
Ind i an -0- ;
S end t h i s s l ip , w i t h your
Non - Indian - $ 2
$·1 0
TRIBE�----�---
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_
_
_
(Regu l ar ) ;
{ Suppor t ing ) ;
sub s cr i p t ion charge ,
$ 50
$5
if app l icab l e ,
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Liberty S tree t , Gardiner , Maine
(Con tr ibu t ing ) ;
(Li fe t ime -)
to :
04345
-- - - ��- - ------ - - - --------- - ------------------ - - - -------- - ----- - - - - ---------�- - -- ---- -
D on ' t forge t your Z I P Code !
�MAINE
42
I ND IAN NEW SLE TTER
BULK RATE
U.S.
Lib er ty
G ard iner ,
3. €¢
S tr e e t
Maine
POS TAGE
PAID
· Freepor t , Maine
04345
Permit No .
ADDR E S S CORREC TION
REQUE S TE D
L ib r ar y
C o lb y Co l l e ge
o lb y C o l l e ge
C
0 4 90 1
ine
W at er v i l l e , Ma
AN
33
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter </em>(July 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-07
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-459
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/b1d065f22a50f304c653ef2c7dae2782.pdf
f39794814aa5a678613077b95bfc93ad
PDF Text
Text
MAINE
NEWS
V lume 2, Numb .r
ETTER
?
May
1968
INDIAN RESERVATIONS DEVELOPMENT 1-IEETING
WHAT DOES IT MEAN?
On Nay 4th , a uniqu e meeting was helt in the Pleasant reint Tribal Hall.
It had gc rl p�int
ann ha� p0ints, strengths and we
ess e s .
Te s me pecp l e
it
have 9een the heginning f a ne w way of life
n the
Re.servati0ns in
}fa.ine .
To
ther peeple it may have seemed
·
ef the same 0lrl. talk.
Let 1 s
ln�k at this meeting anrl see what-s0me 0f its features were.
akn
may
mt:1re
3
Curtis)
participatien
(
It was llI'..iqu� in that it was callei 9y a State G0vern�r
Kenneth M.
and h ld en the R � se rvati en l"'TI a Saturday "t'"' assure the maximum
by the repr�sentativ s ef th
Indian trih e s , 11
a· quetati('n f!V1m the first "'f
t
l�tters
f invitatirn s nt ti"' key individuals hy Ckv. Curtis.
The Geve rn r
al o ind icatet in these letters that he wanted this meeting t be c0nsidered
(
)
a wnrk s sst.r-n te gain a hetter idea of wh e e we n0w stand in the
v ern ent
phys i c
nee d
fa ilities �f the three Reserv ati ns and what specific step
tn h� taken hy whi h
enci s t
'1ntinue devel pment as fast as the Tribes
themselv es think sui ta le. 11
Surely this is the first time in the history
s trihe:1 that the Executive leadership
f the State has taken such an inter
nf
"a
impr
s
r
al
ag
ef
l'.taine'
e3t in R servatien anrl. Trihal
ve lr pment .
Whether this interest is viewed as
use�.ll 0r rlange reu s must he �ecided �y every individual independently - certainly
th
interest i
in line with efficial expressi""'ns frrm Triltal lead�rs regarding
as3istanc
in hnusing, sanitati0n and ecenrmic development pr grams fer the Res·
�rvati�ns.
A gr ti
ign at the meeting was that the 11hearl. table" ·c nsisted of enly ene
n-Ind.ian
and ? · Indi ans
the Gevern0 r' s Administrativ� Assistant, Allen Pease
Pl easant P0int O.v. J�seph Mitchell, Indian Tewnship C-<'v. J�hn Stevens, Penob
sc�t Lt� Gev. Fred N i cc la , Pleasant Pcint H�using Authority Ch
rman Eugene
Francia> Indian Tewnahip H0using Auth•rity·Chairman Ge�rge Stevens, Jr., Penemsc0t
n
)
(
(
ai
fhusing Auth�rity Chainnan Matthew Sappier,
ete .
La
)
and Passamaqu0ddy CAI' Direct, r Archie
A peer sign at the me ting was that there were very few ether Indians prePassamaquodddy
sent - perhaps 0nly 15 fr�m
Why waR this?
3 Reservations .
L.gislative ReprP. f'litativ
Geerge Francis felt it was hecause peo pl e were "scared"
Pene�
t� cnmc, having ha d tc0 many poor episodes with the State in t he past.
aJd
Phyllis McGrane felt it was
sc:>t �unty CAP Aid�
Pen b�c•t 1'rj b<tl member
because the Indiana have heard teo many pr0m i ses before and no lenger see any
value in talking abJut pr grams - they want tn see the pr0grams thems elves.
nvitati ns
others suggestet that the peepl e whe received Gcv. Curtis' pers�nal
hadn1t teld nther Tribal members about the meeting, �r that peeple hadn1t under
)
(and
�
st
d that arzy-one c uld attend eve• if they hadn1t re c eived an individual invit2ti en .
Whatever the re asc n , the Indians ��re considerably �ut-numbered!
It was ge e d te hear the Tribal �3aders and the Tri9al Heu si ng Autherity
Chairmen rep.-rting on the status of new, complex Tri9al progr ams .
As cne ef
the Hc..using Chairmen
put it, this was the
( . ver )
first
time he had ever had to address
�(2)
a group •f that �crt.
An ther Housing Phairman expressed his eoncern about
'b e si.ze an� speed flf S("lme"ef the new programs by, �aying·-.hat llp:rngresS"�ha.s·.
bee n gobd - alm0st mr>re than we can handle11 and by saying that he 'aidn 't know
i
t�e !ndians could absorb all this interest �n the part ef the government.
This·is an imp\rtant point, as sad experience ha� �h0wn 'hat where tribes ao�ept
government prngrams they d• not fully understan d
eontrol
they often-ti.mes
l:
f
(anrl
)
end up with something they don't., really want!
.
A benefit ef the meeting W:is that th e represent atives 0f the many federal
and state agencies present learned mnre about e ach �ther' s pregrams..
We w0uld
think that the various branches
f government could keep track of one another,
but are glad if they learned better h0w varieus programs might he fitted tegeth'er.
It d•es seem kind of silly, however, for this mutual g9Vernment understanding
l
to t ake place at a Reservati•n meeting.
It remains to be s een whether the Indian •
people of the 3 Reservations will know m0re about gnvernment pr05rams as a result
cf the meeting.
Much will depend on h•w much inf rmation the Tribal leaders
gatned, and how well they can pass this
We understand that
n t0 their penple.
the Dept. nf Ind ian Affairs plans t0 mimecgraph a summary rep rt of what was dis
cussed.
Perhaps enough c pies •f this will be made so that every family can
have one,
t0 s tudy if they are interested.
Fr�m the rep0rts submitterl t0 the meeting by v arious individuals, it seems
that sanitation programs for Pleasant P0int and Peter Dana Point are moving along
quite well, with federal m ney promised just within the past week •r so befere
the meeting.
ThA PennbsC'Ot Housing Authority has sent in its first applicati�n
f�r 41 ho u sing urits for that Reservatien.
Apparently the Passamaquoddy Housing
Authorities will new begin VK"'rking on their h0using applicati0ns; the Penobscot
Autherity will begin working en its s anitati•n program applications.
JvillCH PASS.AfiAQUODDY OONCERN WAS EXPRESED FOR TH E 1-'RINCETON 11STRIP11 ON THE
INDIAN TCNVNSHIP RESERVATION.
HOlTSING FOR THIS ca-UillNITY DEPENDS ON SANITATION
iUNEY FOR THE AREA.
THIS MONEY Ib TI'JCLUDED IN THE JUNE 17TH PRIMARY ELECTION
BOND ISSUE �UES TION.
If the b0nd issue passes the veters C'f Maine, the "Strip"
should be able to participate in the pr grams the other cnrmnunities or reserva
tions are in the pr0cess �f getting.
THE BOND ISSUE 1UESTION ALSO INCLUDF.S
n.iPORTAN T SCHOOL COPSTRUCTION HONEY FOR ALL THREE RESERVATIONS.
EVERYONE SHOULD
V OTE YES ON BOND ISSUE QUESTION NUMBER l ON JUNE 17T�.
The p�ssibility nf a demonstration self-help h using prnject for the Passa
maquodd y Tribe was discussed, �ut nothing definite decided .
This discussi n
was somewhat 0ver-shadewed by a calm s tatement frem a representative of the
federal Housing Assistance Administratien that it might be p0ssible t0 construct
half the homes
needed on the Reservatiens befnre the c�ming of next winter.
This
seems incredihly fast t0 us, but we are sure the H using Authorities will 1 ok
int• this matter and will mnve as rapidly as seems desireable.
Many peopl e commented en the importance of plan.ring Reservatien programs
so that the final result is satisfact�ry to every•ne.
With Passamaq uoddy CAP
and the
Housing Authorities all undertaking various plan ning programs, we are
sur e this need will n•t he C'VerJeoked.
Economic develepment ')f the Reservatiens
3
was mentioned only occasien;:i__lly,
but part cf the planning will surely focus en
economic and empl.nyme nt programs the Tribes need.
The need f r recreatien facil
ities and tribal buj }dings was also emphasized and discussed.
Many specific
questions about t he proposed housing programs were brought up,
out between the Housing Authorities,
agencies involved.
Interest,
3
their people,
however,
lcoking at present housing on the
seems high on the part
Reservations,
and must be worked
and the federal and state
f the pecple -
it is easy to understand both
the interest in housing and the suspicion of gcvernm.ent housing programs.
In conclusien, it appears that progress is being made - certainly more
The future?
interest is being shown in Maine Ind ians than was true in the past.
Most Indians will want to work an d wait and see what happens, before they commit
themselves too deeply.
meeting,
The Pleasant Point Little League Team benefited from the
and contributions seemed to
however - the ladies had prepared a lunch,
be quite generous!
( See
next page for list
f agencies present at the meet·
�(3)
WHO WAS THERE?
4th
The following is a fairly complete list of the agencies r epresented at
the May
Indian Reservations Development meeting, by 1 or more persons:
Pleasan·:. Point Tribal Cc.,uncil and Housing Authority,
and VISTA program
Indian To�mship Tribal Council and Housing Authority
Penobscot Tribal Council and Housing Authority
Passamaquoddy Tribal Counc ils' Connnu nity Action P�gram
U . S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Developnent
U • S. E conomic Development Administration
U
•
S. Farmers Home Administration
State Dept.
of
S·:...ate Dept.
of Economic Development
Indian Affairs
State Division of the Offi ce of Economic Opportunity
State Planning Office
Stat� Water and Air Envirorment�l Improvement Commissior
State Dept. of Finance and Administration
State Executive Department
State Dept.
cf Education
Legislative Committee on Indian Affairs
Diocesan Division of Indian Services
American Friends Service Committee
Wright:- Pierce, Barnes & Wyman
Office of U. s. Representative William Hathaway
Educational Design, Inc.
CURTIS URGES BOND ISSUE TO AID MArnE INDIANS
AUGUSTA (AP} - Gov. Curtis yesterday reported unprecedented progress
toward improving Indian reservation housiug and urged voters to approve a bond
issue for related purposes in a June 17 referendum.
In a statement distributed at a news conference, Curtis said leading repres
entatives of the three reservations met with officials of several state and federal
agencies at Pleasant Point Saturday.
The meeting, which Curtis arranged, had
the broadest representation of any meeting ever held involving Indians.
An official of the U. S. Department of Housing & Urban Development reported
to that meeting that some home construction might begin this year.
Under thi�
plan, the federal government would pay all costs of building the houses and then
rent them to Indian families at nominal rates with en option to buy.
"I am committing the attention and services of all appropriate state agen
cies to work closely with the DHUD and the tribes in order to assure continued
progress in this area at the fastest rate acceptable to the Indian people them
selves>" Curtis said.
Leaders of the Passemaquoddy and Penobscot Tribes made it clear they are
willing to cooperate with the state in this development, he said, "to transform
the reservations into healtly communities where members of the tribes may live
and work in safety and pride if they so desire."
The Penobscot Tribal Housing Authority has completed application for 40
n�� housing units.
The Pleasant Point and Indian Township authorities are in
that process Lnd the federal government recently approved sanitation grants total
inb nearly $500,000.
The bond iss·e coming up for referendum voting June 17 would provide for a
sewerage project on the Princeton Strip settlement in Indian Township, and for
schools at Indian Township, Pleasant Point, and Indian Island.
(From the Portsmouth, N.H., Herald, 5/8/68)
VOTE YES - REFERENDUM QUESTION 11 1 - STATE-WIDE ELECTION
-
JUNE 17Tl: - VOTE YES
�(4)
E D I T 0 R I A L S
THE MAINE IND IAN NEWSLETTER
EDIT OR:
E u g;nia (Thomas ) Thomps on
(Penob scot)
�ews and s tories may b e s ubmit ted to t he Newslette r for publi c a tion
at t he followin g ad dres ses:
Onglus amwes sit
HAINE INDIAN NE/SLETTER
Taquask'nikizoos
Pine S treet,
Freepor t, Maine
04032
Pnh6d amwikizo o s
Amuss wikizoos
or
Kikka:._kizoos
Mary Yarmal
Muskoskikizoos
Pleas a n t Poin t Reservation
At c hit t ai.kizoos
04667
Perry, Maine
Wikkaiki7. oos
or
Mon t c hewadok.kikizcos
Morris Brooks
As seb askw<.. t s
Indian Township
Ab onomhs swikjz oos
Prin ceton, Maine
04668
'>r
Ket c hikizoos *
On or b efore t he
C arol D ana
fif tee n t h.
In dian Island
* See page 9
04468
Old Town, Maine
C OMMENTS
" .Je have t he grea tes t need, therefore >Ne need t he greates t help."
''We operate t o t he hear t, we dun' t need to march •11
" We don' t make as
muc h� we h ave di f fic ul t y get ting j ob s, b asket making doesn't pay mu c h,
we we s till hun t as our an c es tors did, we live close to nature. "
Gov
ernor Joseph Mi t c hell q uietly sta ted .
He ex c u sed his E n glish, when he
spoke b efore an a udien c e on Indians, bec ause he was more at home in t he
Pas samaqu o d d y ton gue. E ven s till he spoke t o the heart s of peo�le, be
c ause he represented a s t ill proud n a tion, whose spirit c anno t an d will
not be b roken. Ev.en in t he mid s t of povert y, whoEe men e�rn only $430
per year, it is di f fi c ult to be poor, b u t is is not dif fi cult to be an
Indian, b e c ause we have a lega c y .
It is di f fi c ult to live the white
man's way, b ecause it sets limi t s .
These limit s are neces s ary for our
young people, to be abl:. to s urvive . We c anno t se� time b ac k, b u t we
c an set it ahead.
We w�ll need the greates t help bec ause we have t he
grea tes t need. We need your vo te a t t he June 17t h referend um.
*
You are c ordially invi ted to a t ten d The Second Annu?l New E ngland
Powpow, on Frid a y, S at�rday and S unday , July 12,13 , & 1 4 , at Circle.9
Ranc h , Rte. 28, Epsom, New Hamps hire .
Bring your tipis and ten t s � pap*
ooses.
•
The Republic ans h ave done it again
In i t s has te to solve t he
In dian problem, t he Republi c an par ty a t the S tate Conven tion, held in
Bangot on Sat urday , �ay 1 1, 1968 adopted a pla t form in w hi c h t hey pro
rosad t he adopt ion of a long range program designed t o assimilate fin
ally t he India� populat ion of our s t ate,
T his is one met hod of solving
t he problem, ano t her would be genocide.
OLviously t he Republi c ans
'w ant to solve �he prob lem, but a t t he expense of dealing-equally wi th
the people involved.
They are not: c on c erned wi t h t h� fac t t ha t �er
h aps t he Indians as a whole may not want to as similate.
They look a t
t he Indians as u s e d cars, s ome. t hin g to - be moved from one lot to anothe�,
(('.ryrd-;..,,,a,4
nri
.....,,,,..,.<'
n)
�(5)
11
LO ,
POOR IND IAN 11
THE
by
RALPH NADER
(Editor's note:
This article is being reprinted from �he Neu Republic.
The first part is included in the April
issue of the Newsletter, and is
concluded bere.)
The Task Force, were it not divided into a majority �nd sm&ll
minority position over shifting the BIA's functions to HEW,
might have
made a far stronger case against the
BIA.
Illustratively, Senator
Robert Kennedy's subcommittee has pointed attention
to the failure in
quantity and quality of BIA reservation schools.
Since these schools
breed despondency,
cultural inferiority and alienation, it is not sur
that the dropout rate exceeds 50 perc nt.
Mismanagement of
BIA's supervisory responsibilities over land, timber and water resources
prising
is legion.
Last year BIA negligence led to major forest fires including.
one on the Mescalero Apache Reservation in New Mexico and another on
the Quinault Reservation in .. ashington.
BIA has managed to oversee the
leasing
and franchising �f valuable reservation prope�ty ri�lLts anl
income orportunities into p=edominantly non-Incian hands.
Even busboys
in the reLtaurants on the Cherokee reservation -re non-In�ian; �hile
Indian boys stand or sit idly by tre roadsiJe.
Still, BIA will not
supply inquirers with a list of all the franchis�s given non-Indians on
the reservations.
Secrecy in the BIA lias boarded an the Byzantine.
The complexities
of the government-Indian trust relationships, the undisclosed details
of trust funds held in the Treasury Department, and the frac�ionated
land heirship problew on reservations are all wr�pped up in the BIA's
endemic secrecy.
It is not even possible to receive from the Bureau a
reliable estimate as to the number of Indians on the reservations who
are not S8rviced.
ftoreover,
services are uneven in any given prograw
and a few reservations become BIA "favorites"
depending on the needs of Indian politics.
for one program or another,
By not dealing with the fundamental malaiue of the
B IA ,
the �hit�
House will see its slightly refurbished proposals consigned to
a
liwbo
of
resonant :-hetoric.
to
upset the intricate relationship which BIA has built up with grazing,
timber,
_uite possibly,
ruining interests in the 1·/e st,
the Adruj_nistration did not want
on the one hand,
and its Indian
associates on the reservations whom young Indian reformers call derisively
"Uncle Tomahawks."
l"ioreover,
many Indian chiefs,
fearing that change:
could place them at a great disadvantage and per:1aps activate the semi
dormant federal terr.1in i. tion of the reservation policy ap11roved by
congressi0nal resolution in
wark against change.
They
1953 ,
cling to the Bureau as the best bul
could not be �ore accurate in this estiwate
of the Bureau's molecular inertia as weli as the omn�present pressure
fron several congressmen for renewing the termination policy whereby
r eservations would be dissolved.
Completed terminations on the Klau1ath
.
reservation in Orc�on and Menominee in Wisconsin have had terribly adverse
Without a land base,
effects on Indians and their locql economies.
Indians will s�on cease as distinct cultures.
Until the recent
subcommittee
on Indian
on Indian poverty.
hearings by Sen.
affairs,
George McGovern of the Senate
there have
There is no indication,
been no meaningful hearin6s
however,
that the Eureau will
be subjected to a probing congressional oversight hearing.
directed at the Bureau has been
enough.
James
Gamble
of the Senate subcommittee staff,
knowledge of Se�ators Henry
N.1�.)
Criticism
for n0t terminating reservations fast
Jackson
(D,
Wash.)
has long been the chief congressional worker for
on
with the apparent
and Glinton Anderson
(D,
termination of
Indian reservations and assimilation of the Indian into the mainstream
(Cnntjnued
na�e
6)
�(6)
"LO, THE POOR IND IAN 11
( Con t in u e d from page 5)
of Ame r i c an life.
The i n t e nsity of h is an imosity toward what he considers
t h e pri v i l e ge d posit ion of Ind ians and t he BIA, whi c h he says has a vested
in t e res t in t h is pos i t ion, is almost star t ling .
Not un t i l 1967 d i d the
Ind ian affairs sub c ommi t t e e in the Se nat e and House lose t h e ir total grip
on ma t t e rs In d ian .
Bot h Se nators Rob e r t Ke nne dy and, t o a lesse r e x t e nt,
Abraham Rib i c off (D,Conn.) h e l d hearings dur ing t8e past year on Indim
urban gh e t toes and Indian e du cat ion. Such a t r e nd may lead to a fresh
d.pproa c h t owar d unde rs tanding at least t h e di1;1e nsions of the In dian p.m
b l e m and the prior i t i e s in pol i c y - making.
For e xamp l e , Professor Gary Orfi e l d of the Univ � rsity of Virginia
b e l i e v e s th e key foc us shou ld be in providing t h e Indians wi th jobs.
Employm e n t , he b e l i e v es, wou l d rad iat e the kinds of se lf- c onfiden c e and
options that offe r fr e e dom of c no i c e and b r e ak t h e v i c ious c i r c le of pov
e r ty .
''Ev e n a llowing for t h e rapid popu la t ion growth , l. t is .Jb v iuus tbat
the bas i c e conom i c prob lem of the In d ian c ommun�ties cou ld be sclv e d by
This wou ld SP.em a smal l d eill� nd for a nation
th e prov ision of 40,000 jobs.
whe r e civ i l ian e mp loym e n t has i�c r e ase d an av e rage of 723,000 eac h year
from 1955 t o 196�, and whe r e the l ast f i v e ye ars th e av e rage in c r ease
has b e e n almos t 1.5 mill ion p e r year . " Analysis aft e r analysis of the
r e se rvat ions' e c onomic pot e n t ia l poin ts to �hat has to be done to ac hie ve
Prov ision of ade q uat e loan funds
this r e lat�v e ly modest obje c t iv e .
to finan c e t r ib al e nte rprises an d inc e n t iv e s t o at trac t ind ustry are often
C onse rvat ion proje c ts, r e �r eational si t e d e v e lopme n ts,
re c omme n d e d.
pub l i c housing c ons t r u c tion and othe r c ommun i t y improv e men t proje c ts can
T here is solid pre c e d e n t for su c c e ss
�e mor e i mme diate ly iwpleme n t e d .
i n job c r eat ion in the Ind ian Erne r��e n c y C onse rvat ion Nork prograiil d uring
Some 15,000 Lle n we r e put to work in a few mon ths t ime.
t he thir t i es.
( F rom The N e w Repub l i c , b y Ralph Nade r, 3/30/68)
S i rs:
Corr e c t ion
A line was omit t e d in my ar t i c le "Lo , the Poor Ind ian " (Mar c h 30).
On page 14, column two, ( page 5, t h ird fu ll paragraph in Apr i l �aine
Ind ian Newsle t t e r), th e final se n t e n c e of t he se copd fu ll paragraph should
W ith r esponsi b i l i ty for In d ian health s e rv i c e s alr eady in HEW,
r e ad :
t he Task For c e d ip loma t i c ally c on c lud e d by emphasi z ing t hat "HEW programs
e mphasi z e human d e v e lopme n t as c on t ras t e d w i t h In t e r ior's program emphasiJ
on c onse r vat ion and nat ural r e sou r c es. "
Ralph Nad e r
( From Th e New Repub l i c , 4/6/68)
YOUNG CHEROKEE3 PROTES T EMPHASIS ON NEW INDUS TRIAL S ITE
( Ed i t or 's not e :
t h e abov e ar t i c l e was star t e d i n t he Apr i l issue of
+h e Newsle t te r and is c on c l ud e d he r�)
T h e se old e r people have forme d wha t, t ransla t e d in to Engl ish from
C h e roke e, t h e y hav e a lawye r, S t uar t .1rqpp , working with t h e m, t rying
t o figu r e ou t the e xac t nat u r e of t h e ir prob l e m . Mr . T rapp c omments
t ha t i ts c �mp l e x it i es se e m almos t b e yond d e fi n i t ion. T h e y weav e bac k
i n to t h e great hjstory o f t his people, one� a sov e r e ign na t ion t hat
had its own highly e ffi c ie nt gov e rnme n t , its own pol i c e force, a sys t e m
o f c ou r t s, a n d pub l i c s c hools.
C h e roke es, l ike t he oth e r me mb e rs of t h e F iv e Civ i l i z�d T r ibes,
The Che rokees,
#e r e among t h e c hief ar c h ite c ts of t he S tat e of Oklahoma .
C hoc t aws, C hi c asaws, C r e e ks, and 0e minoles; for c e d i n to Ind ian T e rr i tory
by t he d e termination of t h e sou t h e ast states t o appropria t e the ir lands,
�(7)
YOUNG C HEROKEES PROTEST
( Continued from page 6)
•
•
•
pioneered t his region .
C herokees were o: klahoma's firs t let erate set tlers.
They prod uced i t s firs t newspaper.·
These first Oklahoilla ns got cough t in the sawe divisions t ha t wrenched
w hi t e Americans as under in the Civil War .
It le f t mos t of t heru terribly
i ·mpoveris hed.
When C o n gres s gove Oklahoma s tatehood in 1907, it .assumed t �at t he
Ind ians would becofile part of t he mains tream
It ended their t ribal
governm en t s .
When t he Indian Reorgani zation Ac t of 1948 came along,
providing for tribal governmen t elsewhere, ti lef t o u t t he Five Civilized
Tribes .
As Mr . Keeler sees it, the next nee ded call t he Original C herokee
Communi t y Organizatio n . (Ed. note:
?)
Under a grant from t he Field Foundation, s tep i: . economic recovery.
Innumer3.ble Oklahoma In dian s., living in and around Oklahoma Cit y , 'l'ulsa,
and o t her population centers, are prosp�rous citizens.
Back in t he oil
boom days, some O sage people became wealt hy�
The povert y �roblem centers
in remo te places like this eas t�rn hill count ry .
''Mos t o f t he Indian people around here, 11 co:ufaen t s Ralph F . Keen,
Mr . Keeler's lieu tenan t as general busires s manager for t he tribe , " live
on wel f are.
We're trying to change t his sit ua tion. "
Out le t for s kills
By las t fall 60 C herokees had been employed for ind ua t�i�l- site
cons r t uc t ion .
Once operat ing, Mr. Keen poin�s out, it hap permanen� jobs
for 40.
This 1in ter, new cons t ruc tion - an o f fice b uildirtg, a warehouse
nas provided work for more .
Act ually t he projec t reaches far t her.
S am Sanders, a C herokee and former newspaper repor ter, manages t he
Art s and Craf t s Center .
It provedes an outle t for Indian cra f t �orkers
'
in nearby villages .
They produce fabrics, sport s clo thes for r;1en and
women, ceramics , and o t her obje t s d'art carved from rJOod.
Bes ides, Mr. Sanders works wit h s urroundi�g commu1ii ties in develop· ing cra f t guilds .
C herokee craf tsmen are not ed for t heir homespun woolens .
Since 1935, t he Indian Arts and C ra f t s Board of t he In terior Depart ment
has worked wi t h Oklahoia Indians , helping t hem develop great weaving
s kill s .
Tahlequah is o f fering India� s ot her employm�nt oppor t unities. The
C herokee Nat ional His to�ical Societ y las t year opened to t he public a
It
C herokee Village , illus trating the Indian way of life around 1700.
h a d a n average o f 200 visi tors o n weekdays , 600 to 800 over weekend s .
Projec t s aean jobs
Col. M. A. HagPrstand , t he socie t y's executive vice-president, says
this year or nex t will see t he opening o f a 3,000-seat amphi t heater.
Dr. Kermit Hun t er, 7ho ·iTrotf' t he C herokee drana , "Un to T hese Rills "
biven every s umraer by t he prospering Cherokee remnan t in Nor t h C arolina,
h as writ t en an epic his torical drama to be presen ted here .
The C herokee Village
S uch proje�t s, point s out Mr. Keen, mean jobs.
uses 30 to 50 Indians d urin g eigh t mon t hs of t he year . The drama will
In Nort h C arolina, t he C hero
employ lOC t hrou ghou t t hree summer mon t h s .
kee project has hrough t enough money into t he community so t hat federal
Indian 1elf are expendit ures have cropred from over $114,ooo annually t o
$50,000 between 1960 and 1965�
"ile're try.;ng t o remain so f lexible, " observes Mr . Keen , " t ha t we
This isn' t an Indian
can t ake advant a ge o f anyt hing that comes along.
a people's problem . "
problem .
Itl.!.s
(�ontinnPn nn n��P R)
•
�( 8)
YOUNG CHEROKEES PROT�ST
(Con t in u e d from page 7)
•
•
•
Oklahoma is a stat e where t h is can b e sai d mean ingful ly.
The inter
m i x t u r e of In d ian an d wh i t e b lood is c lose to un ive rsal.
Young Mr. K e e n,
wi t h a b a c kgroun d as spe c ialist in In d ian affairs, offers limse lf as a
c ase in poin t.
11I'm half C h e roke e," he says, " bu t I was raise d as t hough
I we r e a full b lood .
My fat h e r was Ir ish, my s t e pfat h e r was C hoc ktaw .
We l ive d in Osage count ry. So Osages always c ould call me a C hoc taw and
C hoc t aws could always say I was a C h e roke e ! "
Mr . Ke e n says h e hasn't a n y t ime for c r i t i cs o f what t he K e e l e r
administr at ion i s doing h e r e .
As ind i c a t e d, t h e r e a r e c r i t i cs.
F inis
J. Smi t h , c h i e f of t h e Nigh t hawk K e e toowah Soc i e t y, d e sc r i b e s the C h e ro
ke e si t ua t ion - meaning Mr. Ke e le r's role as appoint e d c h i e f - "a gross
violat io n of Ame r i c an democ rat i c i d e als."
This con tai ns an allusion to t h e C h e roke e Exe c u t ive Comwi t t e e , a
sor t of advisory c ab in e t forme d to work w i t h Mr. Ke e le r in 1548.
_\pparentl'
none of i ts memb e rs speak the C h e roke e Janguage. Tjey are not �lec t e d
T h e y de represe n t , as Mr. Ke e l e r's suppor t e �s poin t ou t ,
b y t h e t rib e .
a pot e n t ial rese rvoir for fut ur� e le c t e d t r ibal lead e rship.
T r yin g to sum up a si tuat ion so complex t hat e ve n C he roke es admit
to n ume rous un c e r t ain ti�sr a r e por t e r c owing from t h e ou tside would se t
down t hese c on c l usions as fac t:
Mr. Ke e le�, as pr i n c ipal c h i e f, ob vious ly b elieves t hat b u i ld ing up a
C h e roke e e c onomi c b ase will make possib le a con t inuan c e of In�ian c u l t ure.
E is ct'it i c s r e pr e sent a r e surge n c e of Che roke e 11hat ionalism11 that
hopes for a re t u rn of t h e days whe n C h e roke es e le c t e d t h e ir own offi c ials
and t ook par t in making t r ibal d e c isions. The y b e l i e ve this rJ st come
fi rst.
The y ar e no t e n t i re l y c e r t ain t h e y wan t irospe r i t y on the �hi t e
soc i e t y's t e ros.
In be t we en, the fac t t hat t housands of C h e roke es � ave b e co·.1e more
Oklahoman t han In d ian raise s many quest ions .
Some elei1e nts r e sist �ny
Man y se e m tot ally ind effe r e n t .
sort of c han ge.
Conservat ive e l e m e n t
Memb e r s of t h e N i gh t hawk Ke e toowah Soc i e t y, for example, r e pr esent
a pe rsis t ing c onse rvat ive e leme n t in t h e h i ll coun t r y.
The nafile " Ke e t
oowah " goes back mayb e 3,000 years an d r ef e rs t o a c onc ept of Ind ian
be havior t hat �s futidamen tally r e ligious .
The K e e toowah S oc ie t y i tse lf
was foun d e d in 1858 an d in corpor�t e d in 1905.
The Nishthawk Ke e t oowahs
a r e an offshoot.
On �he other hand, Che roke es l ik e Mr. Ke e n are ac t ive ly con c e rned
abou t t he fu tur e .
They be lieve , as Mr. Ke e n hiJ.1se lf e mphasizes , t hat
Ind ian value s and mod e r n e c o�omi c progr ess c�n t h r ive toge ther.
" It produc e s
11Now we have a c u l t ur e hase d on we lfar e , " h e says.
on ly a v i c io us c i r c le.
Alr eady, d u e to t his c e n t e r, we have me n who are
ac q u i r i n g work ing habi t s .
The y have re gain e d some los t human pre s t ige .
Some of the m , for t h e first t ime in th e ir l ive s, have e xpe r i e n c e d the
p r e s t ige of b r i nging home a w e ekly pay c h e ck. "
(F rom T h e C hrist ian S c i e n c e Moni tor, by Kimruis Hendri ck, 4/4/66)
..
PRIVILEGE and RESPONSIBILITY desc r ibe your pr ese n c e at June 17 th
Pr imar y Ele�t ior, whe n you will be aske d to e xpress your opinion on the
t hre e r efe r e n d um ques�ions.
N e x t mon th r ead abou t
A
Changin g C u l t ure , ho11 t he Eskimo adjus ts.
Aiso r e ad a r e v i e w b y t h e e ditor of The New Indians, au t hor,
C'+"'..;""'�1'.'.
fl
r"n'"'""+
,....f'
llT)"',::I
T),....,.o.,..llrjn�,...,..;J-,-jl""O:
."
n-r"'W-il1"'
-=>"1.iTOl""
"'f'
t-.hP
�(9)
EDITOHIALS
( C on tinue d from page 4)
and inc apable of havin g a say in t he ir own de stiny .
Some Indians do
assimi lat e , bu t some do n o t, t h e c hoic e sho u l d be l e f t t o e a c h individ ual.
I f t h e Republic ans were tru t h f u l, t h e plank w o u l d have b e e n word e d.
suc h t hat t he Re publicans w o u ld hav e admit t e d t ha t what t h e y were re ally
se e kin g w as to d e s troy what lit t le the Maine Indiaris hav e le f t .
I t i s ironic t hat t h e Pre amble t o t h e 1968 Maine GOP P lat form
c on t ains t h e w ords;
" Fre e dom. f t he individual, wi t h e q ual oppor t uni t y
for all, i s t h e ke y t o t he g�e a t n e ss of Maine and o f o ur nation .
The
sta t e must ad e q ua t e ly f u lfi ll its ob liga tion t o assis t t h ose c i t iz e ns
who are inge n uin e n e e d .
At th e same time, h owever, individual initia t iv e ,
re sponsibilit y and res ourc e f ulness must be c onstan t ly e n c o urage d."
T he Newsle t t e r su gge sts t hat inst e ad of alie na ting t h e Indians,
alon g •1it h ot h e r win orit y groups, t ha t t h e R e pub licans se e k to d e al
vi t h t h e proble ms where t h e y exis t. Wh e n Port land and �at e rville had_
urban r�ne wa l proble ms t h e y a t t e mr1t e d t o d e al wi th- t he problems where
t h e y e x:kte d, an d t h e y did not assimilat e t h eir �oor in to other communitie s .
T h e re is n o re ason why t h e Indian reservat ions sh ould n o t � e treat e d
similiar ly b y t he S tat e .
*
MONTHS OF THE YEAR
The Indians c omme n c e the year from the new moon pre c e ding C hrist
mas;
t he y c ou n t t h e mo nths by moons , an d t h e first day of e a�h n e w mo on
is t he first day of the mon t h .
As in s ome ye ars the re are t hirte en o ons ,
t h e n t h e In dians skip t h e moon b e twe en July and Augu st , and t h e y c a l l
i t Abonamwik i zoos L.e t this mo on go. )
January . - *Onglusamwessit ( i t is v ery hard to ge t a livin g . )
Fe bruary . - Taq uask'nikizoos ( moon in whic h t h ere is c rust on t h e
snow . )
Marc h.- Pnh6damwikizoos ( m oon in whi c h h e ns lay . )
April . - Arousswikizoos ( moon in whi c h we c a t c h fish . )
May . - Kikkaiki zoos ( moon in whic h we sow. )
Jun e . - M usk oskikizoos ( moon in w hi c h we c a t c h young seals. )
Jul y . - A t c hit t�ikiz o os ( moon in whi c h t h e berfies are ripe . )
/
August . - Wikkaikizoos ( moon in whi c h t h ere is a h e ap o f e e ls
on t h e sand . )
S e p t e mber . -Moi1 t c h e wad okkizoos ( moon in whi c l-i t h ere are h erds of
mooses, bears, &c . )
Oct �be r . - Assebaskwat s ( t here is ric e on t h e bord e rs . )
ov ember.- Abonomhsswikizoos ( moon in whi c h t h e frost -fish c ome s. )
De c embe r . - e t c hikizoos ( t he long moon . )
* T his mon t h was c alle d f ormerly Mekwas'q u e ( t h e cold is gre a t ) ;
bu t sin c e t h e y were a�priv e d o f t h e ir ric h se t t lall e n t s in t he iennebic,
i t is calle d as abov e .
1
( Take n from the ALNAMBAY ULI AWIKHI GAN, BY Fa t h e r Eug e n e Ve tromile ,
e i t h e r 1856 or 1858, Historian of Holy C ross C olle ge, �oost er, Mass.
T h is is a prayer book wit h the P e nob scot, f1icmac, Passamaq u od d y, an d
Mal e c i t e words transJate d . Giv e n to me by my grand fat her Evans Phillip8 )
*
I t 's not t �o lat e to subscrib e t o t he Newsle t t e r. S e nd in your
name and adre ss and zip code wi t h t h e suoscription blank on·the last
page .
I f y0u know of any frie nds or anybody who migh t be ,int e rest e d
s e n d i n t heir na�es and w e w ill send t h e m a c omplimentary c opy t o
6e t t h e m in t e r e st e d i n what our Mati.ne In dians are d oin g.
*
�(10)
I.ETT ERS TO THE ED IT O R
O ld T own, Mai ne
De ar Ed i tor,
I was pre se n t at t h e me e t ing May 4, 1968 at East port,
i t h t he
S t a t e offic ials and Fe d e ral Offi c ials and e a c h T ribe off i c ials, aJi I
c ou l d s e e as far as progress is c on c e rne d was t h ings have be e n put down
on pap e r and submi t e d .
Now how long to wai t?
I h e ard Se n e t or B e cke t e xpre ss the ne ed to improve t he Prins ton
St rip by making a show pla c e of i t by mov ing t h e Ind ians back up the
hi l l.
If I was a me mbe r of the Ind i ans I wou ld not allow t he State to
s ay I had not mad e progress .
I would show t h e m t hat I hav e .
F i r s t b y t e ll ing t h e m t h e firs t home I had l iv e d i n was one
room now I hav e t hre e rooms and t e n c h ildre n .
Then I wou ld sh9w my old
wood s t ov e I use d t o use ,
now I have an oi l s t ov e wh i c h may blow up
any min u t e bu t t h is is progre ss . T he n I wou ld show t h e m my sink w i t h
a shinny fau c e t no wat e r b y a sink .
Th e n I vould show the m � y bathroom
f i c a l i t ie s t h e one I had 20 yr ago was & pai l out back, bu t now I have
a pai l with a roof over it and a door. This same progress has also
b e e n a c ompl ish e d in Old T own
I do not l i v e on t he Island be cause there
is nb plac e to l i v e t h e re is no re n t s avalible the re all the progressiv e
homes are in use now .
T hanks for h e aring me ou t .
Phyl l is McGeane
202 N. Brunswick St .
Old T own, Me .
04468
( E>itor's not e :
T hank you for saying i t 1)
•
.
De ar Euge n ia:
I ' m e nc losing a c lipping of Roger Ran c e's answer to Raymond tioore ' s
It was on
c laim t ha t t h e Ind ians w e re ge t t ing lazy liv ing off We lfare .
t he FRO NT PAGE t oo!
I ' v e t alke d t o some pe ople at P l e asan t Poi n t and
t he y told me t hat q u i t e a few people had to re ly on We lfare be c ause there
were no j©bs avai lable at t he t ime.
I'm e n c losing his l e t t e r.
R i c ke r C ollege is he lp�ng t h e
I also hav e good n ews to r e port.
Hou l t on Ind ians in regards t o h ousing, e mploym e n t , an d health serv i c e s.
T h e y hope to ge t an organ izer from Hou l t on ( who will be Ind ian ) t o
s tart t h e program .
I w i l l ge t t he full par t i c u lars from Mr. Fre deri�k
H e in z e from Ri c ker.
It t ook a long t ime, but i t's final ly happe n i ng.
In a year of so t h e In d ians on t h e Hou l ton F lats wi l l hav e all mode rn
fac i l i t ies.
Am cl e n ding you a l e t t e r I got from a Doris Diabo Me l l iad is and
undoub t l y she t hought I was t h e Ed i tor bu t I hav e wri t t e n to her t o
c larify t h is .
T h e l�sts o f fort h c o@ing e v e n ts may b e be nefic ial to
some one w i thin our c ir c u lat ion are a. As I'm wri t ing th is, a man from
t he Fore s t r y Dept. is giv ing insrt u c t ions to f i v e young m e n who are
And they wil l ge t as h igh as $1. 75 an hour
s tu dying to be fire figh t e rs .
whi l e l e arning.
I don't hav e muc h n e ws to report at this t ime bu t wi ll
hav e some n e x t time .
I'l l sign off for now
Yours truly
Mor-ris Brooks
Se e page 16 for Boger P.an c o's l e t t e r to t he e ditor of
( Ed i t or's not e :
Be c ause it was pert in e n t, Roger's le t t e r to
t h e Bangor Dai ly Ne ws.
I·lorris nill be i n c lude d . )
( Le t t e rs to t h e Ed i tor c on t inued on page 13)
�(11)
A PA.SSAiU\C'UODDY VIW.'78 RIGHTS AHD TTF.LFARE
by Kent
·1ard
l·iaine Indians have been made lazy by welfare programs, have been pushed
too hard on civil rights issues, are not the victims
of discrimination that some
claim them to be, and realize that any hope of rising above their generally
lo� economic cltatus is tied c:osely to educatio
n.
Those are not the provocative views of a non-Indian .
Rather they belong
to a young member of the Passamaquoddy rribe, Raymond J . llol-re, who left the
Pleasant Point .eservation at Perry to find work in Eangor.
.
•loore, 30, a former Indian constable and the father of six children ranging
i� age from four to 13, is employed in the maintenance department at St.
Hospital and lives in Bangor.
Joseph
··I wouldn't move back to the reservation, 11 he said in an interviet •
11This
is the first place I ever liked.
Je are t'1ell accepted in every way by my
iellow '1orkers and my neighbors.11
Stimulated by a series of articles which the
recen tly ran on the Passamaquoddies, Moore took the occasion to express
his thoughts on a number of things vital to his people, all the while calling
�
a
a spade
spade.
'"'Ihe white man has made us lazy with all of th:a.s welfare business, ;i Moore
charged.
"I have been trying to make people unJerstand that most of this assis
tance should go to the old people.
Tiley are the ones who are struggling.
But
there are too many Indian men from 16 to 40 years old collecting unemployment.
If you could get a handout on unemployment wculd you work7n
There are woods jobs in the Princeton area available, Moore said, giving
a left-handed complim nt to the job performance of Indians th::s way, :'If you
But as things stand now,
can get them to work, you couldn't find a better man.
It saddens me that these
the wrong ones are getting welfare and too much of it.
young,
able-bodied men are abusing this program . • • • ::
i-··oore has other vie� s too.
against Massachusetts
(for
uith the Passamaquoddies)
$150
On civil rigl'.ts:
million,
has been in the l-1orks,
on this civil rights business.
;;Ever since this lawsuit
charging violation of a
Believe me,
treaty
my people have knm'inwhat has been
going on in our relations with the state all these years.
dumb.
tut instead of erupting things,
get help."
1794
we have been pushed too nruch
These people are not
they didn't lmow how to go about it to
11Tle knew what was going on and it was happening right in front of our
But there is too much distrust in each and every one of us.
noses.
outside group comes along and says this and that,
If some
we would rather believe them
than our own leaders.'
';Personally, I would have accepted some sort of an apology from the state
that things hadn't been just right, and a promise to star.t out new, rather than
This last remark was a reference to
tne way it is going now, ;i he declared.
counsel Moore says the Indians have been given on several occasions in the past
by certain non-Indians to participate in sit-ins and protest marches to draH
attention to grievances.
On discrimination against Indians:
between the two reservations
my oeople and the outside, 11 Moore said,
to �·ayne Newell,
another Passamaquoddy,
£"ife in Washington County.
11There is more discrimination practiced
(Fleasant Point and Indian Township) than between
in commenting upon a statement attributed
that discrimination toward Indians is
; I have been accepted as well as anyone else in
T·lashington County, n he remarked.
"I have never been refused anything.
walked into barbershops and the man has said
haircut.
'next'
I have
and given me a wonderful
I hav� established credit in various places.
As a matter of fact,
I wish it hadn't been so easy sometimts • • • • i:
"As for the ·lashington County courts, there definit�ly is no prejudice
(Continued on Page
12)
�(12)
(Con tinue d from Page 11)
towar d s Ind ian s as far as I can s e e .
I persona l ly l now of many t ime s whi l e
I was cons ta l e t ha t t h e j udge w a s very lenie n t with Ind i an s , exp lain ing to them
in many c a s e s why he wa s f ining them , and g iving them extra t ime to pay , : . he said ,
On educat ion :
"Educ a t i on i s the mo s t impor tant thing r igh t now .
I wan t
my children to g e t a fu l l educa tion and tha t is my prime reason for ge t t ing away
from the r e se&:vat ion .
I ' m hEr e , bu t s omehow or o ther my heart is s t i l l dO'wn
there .
I wish many t ime s I could go back and do some good .
But I am too late ,
I have a grown fami ly .
The l id s back home don ' t ge t too tll\... ch encouragement
from home to f in i s h high s choo l , but I can promi s e you I am go ing to g ive my
children encouragement , " s aid the young Pas samaquoddy who dr opped out of Dhead
Memorial High S choo l , Eas tpor t , af ter abou t a year of high schoo l .
; I d i dn ' t
r e a l i z e the s e thing s un t i l I moved away from the re s ervat ion .
I was b l inded
by l i fe dmm there
A. s imi lar view on the va lue of an education was expr e s s ed by ano ther Pas sa
maquoddy in a l e t ter to the News las t week .
Pe ter A. l1i t che l l , a former Pas sa
maquodd y Tr ibal c lerk who a l�ow works at S t . Jo seph Hospi tal , commen ted on a
r ecent news s tory t e l l ing about the p lans of Newe l l to r e turn to the res ervat ion
and coun s e l you th .
1 1 Th i s s t ory repr e s e n t s for m e a hope , 1 1 wro te Ml.. t che l l .
1 1A fr i end , H ayne
Hi..; task wi l l no t be an e asy one
Newe l l , sha l l be e ff e c t ive in h i s endeavor .
and h i s e ffor t s wi l l n o t a lways be appr e c iated from a l l quar ters wi thin the trib e . '
' 1 Bu t Wayne i s a man o f s trong conv i c t ion and I am cer tain h e wi l l not
My pro found hope is
permi t cr i t i c ism or adver s i ty to d e te r his gr od purpo se .
tha t he w i l l be ab l e t o reach and convince Indian youth abou t the advantages of
a I1igher educat ion . "
(From the Bangor D a i ly 1'1ews , 4 / 16 / 68 .
See Pag e s 1 8 - 20 , Apr i l i s sue . - Ed . )
•
•
•
•
1 1
CtmTIS SEEKS KENNEDY HELP AT IND IAN AFFAIRS HEARING
(AP) - Gov . Cur t i s asked Sen �obe r t F . Kennedy Frid ay to come to Maine and
Cur t i s ' office
ho ld a hear ing w i th h i s Senate Subcommi t te e on Ind ian Education .
said he has asked t he He't·J York Democr a t i c s enator to help make a l l federal pro
grams for Indian s avai lab l e to a l l Ind ians , in clud ing tho se who s e r e s erva tions
are under s ta t e , and not federal , superv i s ion .
\
The r e q ue s t s were d i s c losed by Cur t i s ' o f f i c e in his ab sence on a F lor ida
vacat ion .
They were inc luded in a l e t t e r in wh ich Cur t i s a l s o inc luded a sum
That wa s when
mary of Ind i an educat ion prog�am.S in Haine s ince July 1, 1 9 66 .
the leg i s la ture tran s ferred r e s pons ib i l i ty for Indi an educat ion from the S tate
D epar tment of Hea l th & ·1e l fare to the Department of Educat ion
The announc emen t said the r e que s t s wer e made after Cur t i s consu l ted with
the Depar tmen t of Ind i an Affair s , Department of Educat ion and the Maine Indian
1 r il:. a l Counc i ls .
Las t January 11th , i t added , the Triba l Coun c i l s o f the two
Pas s ama quoddy Ind ian Re s erva t ions in Washing ton County unanimous ly pas sed a
r e s o lu t ion s ta t ing the ir wi s h to t e s t i fy b e fore the Kenne dy sub commi t tee .
Such a hear- ing , Cnr t i s s aid , could ' 1 pr ovide a s timulus for new and cre a t ive
t �lking in t he area o f Ind ian educat ion and sugge s t new me thods and programs "
Maine a l s o ha s a r e s ervation for Penob s co t
to d eve l op gre a t er oppor tun i t ie s .
•
•
•
•
Ind ian s , i n O l d Town .
1 ' Th i s s t a te , who s e t r ib e s have no r e l a t ion ship with the federal government ,
has suffered by no c b e ing invo lved in federal l e g i s l at ion to bene f i t American
E ar l i er this week , Curt i s ' o f f i c e announced that
Ind ian s , " the g overnor s aid .
he has aske d governor s o f �even o ther s t a t e s having s�b s tanial number s of " s tate11
Ind ians to j o in him in urg ing Congr e s s and federa l agenc ie s to e l iminate the dis•
He also made
t in c t ion and make all In� ians e l igib le for all federal programs .
the s ame reque s t of V i c e Pre s ident Humphrey , who he ad s the newly created Nation al
Counc i l on Ind i an Oppor tuni ty .
(From th� Kenneb e c Journa l , 4 / 20 / 6 8 )
�( 13 )
LETTERS TO THE ED �TOR
( C on t inu e d f r om page 10 )
D e_ar Mo rr i s ;
I r e c e iv e d your l e t t e r and was ple as e d t o h e ar t h a t I am n o t
t he o n l y one that t h ough t ab out ans w e r ing that ar t i
c le t h a t was i n t h e
Bangor pape r .
H e will f ind out only t o o s o on that h e ' l l pe going b a c k t o t h e
r e s e rv a t i on old an d unab le t o w o rk .
I hav e b e e n h e r e in Bar H arb or s in c e June 1956 and I kn ow h mv
i t is t o be on your own , and I kn ow i t is n o t a b e d o f r o s e s .
I ·' m
a ur e you mus t kn ow t o o .
No I w o u ldn ' t min d i f you s e n t the c l ip D ing t o E ugenia T h ompson
as I ' m � �re . s h e � ou l d � e more t h an glad to put i t . in � t h� N� Js I � t t e r .
I have b e e n wan t ing t o c ome d own t o s e e s ome o f my o l d f r i e n ds
a t t h e Poin t b u t I have b e e n pre t t y b us y .
I hav en ' t b e en t h e r e in ab o u t
8 or 9 years , I pr ob ab ly wouldn ' t know anyb ody d own t h e r e n ow .
I have b e e n pre t t y a c tive i n poli t i c s , I a m o n t h e 1own C amm i ,
C oun t y C omm . , and I am a D e le ga t e t o t h e S t a t e C onv e n t i on that is t o b e
he ld in Augus t a May 17t h & 18th .
Oh ye s D eQo c ra t e t o o .
e ll I h o pe you ke e p in t o u c h as I w o uld l ike t o kn ow how t hings
are g o i n g .
S in c e r e ly your s ,
Roger Ran c o
D e ar Euge n ia :
N o d o ub t , y o u h av e r e ad of t he ar r e s t wh i c h f o l l ow e d t he Rling
'
o f t h e Ind ian land c a s e in c our t .
I f you fe e l t ha t is is a good id e a t o r e p r in t any o f t he ne wspap e r
1r t i c le s c on c e rning t h i s obvi ous frame -up , I ' d gre a t ly appr e c i a t e y o ur
le t t in g me kn ow , s o tha t I c ould wr i t e s ome t h i n g , or s ugge s t t o a f r i e n d
t o wri t e s ome t h ing, s e t t in g f or t h the t r ue gi s t o f w h a t t h e s m e a r i s a l l
ab ou t , wh i c h you c ould pub lish a l ongs ide o f a n y r e pr i n t you m a y h a v e
i n t e nd e d t o run .
N e e d le s s t o s a y , fur t h e r c i r c u la t i o n o f t h e s e s t or i e s ab out my
ar r e s t isn ' t going t o h e lp me ge t a fair trial .
B u t , as I s a y , i f y,ou
f e e l that yo� wan t t o run one o f th e m , I ' d appr e c ia t e your l e t t in g me
know so tha t I c an t r y to s e t t he re c ord s t raight in y our s ame i s s ue .
Thanks f or e v e r y though t ful c on s i d e ra t i on . Ev e n t h o ugh , f r om
what you have
r ob a b ly s e e n in t h e pape r , t h ings may l o ok b adly on t h � s
s c o r e , t h e y a r e � ' t � ha t w a y a t a l l , y o u c an b e s � r e .
Re gards ,
D on Ge l l e r s
( Ed i t or ' s n o t e : Un f or t una t e ly t h e Mar c h i s s ue o f the News le t t e r c ame
out a few days ( wi t h t he art i c le , page 12 ) b e f o r e the arr i v a l of Mr . G e l l e rs
l e t ter .
A s ub s e q u e n t t e l�ph one c a l l was made t o re q u e s t t h a t he r e p l y .
anyw ay . The Apr i l i s cue was he ld , pending h i s r e ply , b u t as Mr . G e l l e r s
r e la t e d t h e harm w a s d o ne , an d i t w a s t o o l a t e . Wha t more c an a p e r s on
s ay t han , 1 1 I a m inn o c e n t . " )
D e ar Mr s . Th omps JnI w o u ld l ike to r e c e iv e a l l i s s ue s s in c e the D e c emb � r is sue , if
this i s p o s s ib le .
On c e again . thank you f o r a l l your he lp f or my B os t on G l ob e ar t i c le
on t he Pas s amaqu od dys , las t Nov e mb e r .
Wis hing y o u muc � s u c c e s s w i t h t he News le t t e r .
S in c e re ly yours ,
And r e a S c h e rm e r
( Le t t e rs c on t in u e d on page 14 )
�( 14 )
D e ar S ir :
At a t ra in i n g program he ld in F e b ruary and Mar c h a t t he Un iv e r s i t y
o f �ifi s c on � in , I made t h e a c quain t an c e of Mr . Morris B r o oks , Pas samaqu oddy
.
T r ib e - - Pr i n c e t on , Maine .
He t ol d me much ab out the pr ob lems of Ame r i c an
Ind ians and t o ld me als o o f your n e w s le t t e r . H e gav e �e an o l d i s s ue
t o r e a d b u t I w o u l d l ike t o re c e ive t h e · News le t t e r r e gularly .
I am e n
c l os ing $ 2. 00 I f t h e s ub s c ript i on is more t han this , p l e a s e advi s e .
I am h o�e f u l , t ha t in r e a di ng how o t h e r groups d e a l with the varie t y
o f p r ob lems f a c ing t he p o o r , I m a y b e b e t t e r ab le t o d e a l e f f e c t i ve ly
w i t h .t h e pr ob l ems in my own ar e a .
�ve are ( t he Fa c i l i t y ) a t w o - c oun ty
0 ommµn i t y Ac t i on Age n c y s p ons o r e d b y OEO .
S in c e re ly ,
C ons t an c e S . Muns on , c o or d in a t or
Fulmon t N e i gh � orh ood C e n t e ra
D e ar E u ge n ia Thompson ,
We t r i e d tw i c e un s u c e s s fully t o me e t �1i t h you a t your ho�e .
Y o u are as muc h on t h e move as a r e we an d oo wi l l hope that we c Qn;
c an me e t you s ome t im e in the f u t u r e .
Your p ub l i s h ing o f our S WEETGRAS S las e s umr.le r ( s e e May and June
Ne w s le t t e r , THE T O UCH OF S �JEETG RAS S b y A . E. Mc innis ) was a pleasant
s urpri z e t o us and we have w on d e re d wha t t h e r e a c t i on to i t ·..:by your
r e ad e r s we re ?
The r e a l t r e as ure o f our Pe ople , t h e Ame r indian l i e s in the t r e as ure
o f t h e i r p oe t r y , mus i c , l e ge nd s , and hand i c r a f t s .
1e s ome t i�e s s uspe c t
t he s parkle i n s ome e ye s i s n o t c on c e rn f o r h i s B r o t he r t h e redman b u t
m o r e t h e s parkle o f wha t e v e r s i lve r ill i gh t b e ob t a ine d f � om t he m .
C ou l d y o u s e nd a c opy o f one o f your is s u e s t 6 . � .
E n c l o s e d is a c lippin g f r om Na t i onal F i s h e rman . T p ou gh t you mi g ght
b e in t e r e s t e d in t h is Ind i an gi r l .
We w e r e e n t e r taine d r oyally b y an o t h e r Ind ian gir l - - your c harm
f i � l e d daugh t e r .
S he v e r y s e r i o u b ly in t r od u c e d �s t o h e r li t t l e warri or b r o t h e r .
We
aske d , " W.h e re d i d you f ind him ? W e w o u ld like v e ry mu c h t o f ind one
l ike h im . "
S h e ans we re d , " f o und h im in t h e ga r d e n und e r a c ab b age plan t . 11
We w o u ldn ' t wan t to d is i l lus i on her b u t we l o oke d a l l ov e r our g
gar d e n and f ound n o thing half s o ni c e as h e r l i t t le b r o t h e r .
S in c e r e ly ,
A . E . Mc innis
( E d i t o r ' s n o t e : we are l o okin g f orwa r d to me e t ing you , and t a lkin g with
wi th y o u ab o u t In d i an th ings .
Your a r t i c le ab o u t swe e t grass b r ough t to
l i fe , the manne r of the Ind ian .
Ne hav e an old s we e t grass c omb , which
u s e was made more meaningful by your ar t i c le . I , t o o , b e li e v e t ha t woney
is the r o o t of all e1r i l , this we c an ob s e rv e t h rough out our ( In d ian )
� i s t o ry .
The s pa rkle a l l t o o o f t e n t urns in t o e v i l blin t , when s ome t hing
i s g o t t en t h r ough n o e f f or t .
N o e f f or t b e ing the b r e aking o f t r e a t i e s ,
Now t ha t the land
c o un t e r f e i t in g o f d e e d s , e xchanging w i t h b e ad s , e t c .
is a lm o s t gone , the use is t aken out o f i t , and wha t pr i c e is paid f o r
pollu t i on · o f t h e w a t e r s , d e s e c r a t i on o f the f o r e s t s , a n d o t h e r d e b as emen ts .
N o t hing , t he s t a t � h i d e s i t s t r i b a l ac c o unt s , t h e indus t r i e s fails t o
c l e an up a f t e r thems e lv e s , a l l f or n o t h in g . T hank G o d w e s t i ll have our
Mayb e i t ' s a good
Lc t 1 s t r y and �e lp t o ke e p them c le an .
R e s e rv a t i ons .
t h ing t ha t indus t r i e s have n o t inv ade d our land s , o t h e rwis e , we ' d b e
d i r t y , and our e ye s w o u ld b e f u l l o f glin t , t o o ! )
( Le t t e rs , c on t inue d on page 15 )
�( 15)
D e a r G e n t le me n ,
All
the European
the
IFI
on
f r i e n d s o f Ame r i c an
In t e r e s s e n g e me i n s c ha f t f ti r
-
Ame r i c an
fac t
t ha t
NCAI
-
Th e
In d i an
this
Na t i on a l
NC A I
is
T he
on
the
wh o l e
the
we ll a s
is
as
the
hav e
g� i n e d
s upp o r t
to
the
j o i n in g
a
of
a c t iv e ly
the
the ir
the
IF I
c on t r ib u t i on
of
to
fie lds
of
pre s e n t
I n d i an
r e s pe c t e d
the
the
Indian
giv e
In
t he
the
free
world .
of
the
the
voice
w is d om ,
NCA I
future
and
a v e -ry
In Q ian
e nduran c e
i t will
in
appr o a c h
be
im
an
c u l t ur a l
on e
o r gan i z a t i on
an
t hr o u gh o u t
the
and
in
all
n on - I n d ian
t h e y s h o � ld
t rad i t i on a l l y
re
charac t e r i z e
pe o pl e .
the
y ou r
E u r o p e an
friends
a s s i s t an c e
to
of
Ame r i c an
I n d i an p e o p l e
1346
C onne c t i c u t
Was h in g t on ,
the y s h o u l d have
and
t o mi s s
in
f or
the
b e c omin g
the ir
long
p o t e n t ia l
t he
o f Arae r i c an
Av e n u e ,
20 036
2 23 -553 2
f o r b e c om i n g
un i f i e d
s p e ake r
the
wh i c h
leader
the
Th e
tribes ,
IF I
is
very
and
pr o t e c t i o n a n d
in t e r e s t e d
the re f ore
ab o u t y o u r a im s i n
e c on nm i c pr o gr e s s ,
of
the
I n d i an
tribes
lmd
Ame r i c an
In
I n d ian
yours ,
A. S .
d i an
I n d ia ns
N.W.
hi s t ory .
S i n c e r e ly
p.s .
urge n t ly
D.C.
1 0 19
R o om
pe ople ,
b e g you
t he
Na t i o n a l C on gr e s s
that
s oc ia l
imp o r t an t
p e ople ,
that
will
whi c h
and
b e c ome
t h e y s h o u ld
the
o f N o r t h Ame r i c a
t r ib e s
c or r e l a t i on s
c ommun i t y a n d
of
in t e r e s t e d
i n E u r op e
this
t h r o u gh
r e s pe c t e d
Ind i an
e c on o m i c
in t e r e s t e d
I n d i an
the
the
B e yond
is
of
pe ople
I n d i an
l e g i s la t i on .
I n d ian
I n d ian
the
le ga l l y r e c o g
to
is
in t e r e s t s
c on c e r nin g t h e
In d i an
un i f i e d
d i gn i t y ,
The r e f o r e
to
the
role
life .
t h r o u gh o u t
c ommu n i t y as
f le c t
the
the
NCA I
the ir
imp o r t a n t
D .C .
the
and
of
t h e E u r ope an -Ame r i c an
life .
Alr e ad y a t
f or
of
o r gan i z a t i on
voice
of
l ii.1i t e d
i n G e rmany ,
t o t he
mos t
the
in
� s o c i a t i on
o r gan i z a t i o n
or gan i z a t i on
un i f i e d
e fforts
l i v i n g s � an d a rd
p o r t an t
only
to
i n �J a s h i ngt on ,
t rack
un i t e d
li f e
and
( G e rman A
as s o c ia t e
Indians
t o keep
the
r e p r e s e n t a t iv e
as
pr o grammin g i s
ins t i t u t i ons
o f E ur o pe
c u l t ure
a t t e n t i on
nati onal
a t t amp t s
s ide
p e r s ons .
h'i t h
Ame r i c a n
v o t in g a n d
that
other
as
of
o n ly pr i v a t e ,
a nd
the
i n d i v i d ua l s
out
C ongre s s
whe re
Indians ,
IF I
C u l t ur e ) , d raw y o u r
o r ga n i z a t i on h a s j o i n e d
the
t h e ms e lv e s ,
nized
I n d ian
I n d i an e rk�n d e
ad v a n � e m e n t
of
w ork a s s s is t in g t h e
your
e d u c a t i on a n d
of
and
r e s e ar c h
your
a ppre c i a t e
would
fie lds
the
in
Thu l i n
all
I n d i an s .
them
d e v e l o pme n t ,
c ommun i t y
and
in f o rma t i on ,
� n f o rm i n g
c on t a c t
l e g i s la t i on
f or
the
T h ank y o u !
NC A I £ K on t aks t e l le :
Ax e l S c h u l z e -T h u l in
5463
Auf
Unke l
a.
Rh e in
d e m R h e inb ti c h e l
G e rmany
( Ed i t o r ' s
note :
t h e m s e lv e s
is la t i o n
at
c ould
and
v a r i o us
The
NCA I was
f r e e ly
policy . "
time s
and b a n d s .
Has
T h e Ne w In dians ,
f ou n d e d
e xpr e s s
The
in Nov e m�e r ,
the ir v i ews
" Un i t e d Na t i o n s
1944 ,
a n d wish e s .
of
the
12
so
on
t r ib e s , 1 1
t ha t
" In d i an s
nati onal
l e g
r e pr e s e n t in g
t o m o r e t han o n e h un Jr e d d i f f e r e n t t r ib e s
n o n - v o t in g 111e mb e r s . T hi s q u o t e was t ak e n f r e;.•
b u S t an S t e ine r , Harp e r and R o w , 196 8 )
f r o •u
forty
� o n - Ind ian ,
�(16)
Our b e lov e d country i s a f l ame .
Af lame w i th the f ire o f ha t e an-i vio l ence .
v!h a t ha s happ ened to a land. - g iven by God - and once so s er e n e · and b e
au t i fu l ?
B e au t y no longer ex i s t s .
; e auty i s marr e d l::. y f ire s burn ing in oc.r c i t i e s .
I t i s marred ty the min d s of men who advo c a t e r a c i sm a�d marred by l eade r l e s s
minor i t i e s who l a s h o u t wi � h vio len c e a s a f ina l d e sper a t e a l t ern a t ive .
Th i s g r e a t land tal�en by for ce from my p e o p l e is now imme r s e
in an inter
nal
s tr i f e
t he L e loved
o f i t s oWn d o i n g .
land o f his
ir t h
v a l i an t ly aga in s t
The Ame r i can I�d ian of t oday looks and 1atches
i th pain and 1gr e a t s orrow .
Our Fathe r s fought
he f ir s t intrud e r s of ano ther l and .
They foug h t but f i na l ly
to overwhe lming tac t i c s and super ior arms .
Over the years , some o f
a c c e p ted t h e w a y s o f l i fe o f t h e new and d ominat ing s o c i e ty .
Ye t there ar e
y i e lded
us
s ome o f u s w h o never w i l l a c ce p t n o r e v e r f ind t h e hear t to forg ive for in j u s t ices
i nf l i c t e d aga in s t u s .
And t o d ay , Amer i c an burn s .
I t s very : 1 c o n s c ience 1 1 burns and shows .
And
we can o n l y look w i t h gr e a t p i ty �
Pe ter A .
Ni t che l l
Pa s s ama quoddy Tr ib e
From t he
as
Por t l anrt
f o l l crw s :
Rep .
Bill
t he ' : Le t te r s
to
4/ 14 / 6 3 .
Sunday Te legr am ,
Ha thaway o f Auburn ,
the Ed i tor : 1
of
Ple a s e n t P o i n t Ue serv a t ion
The
who r e pr e s e n t s
Te l egram o f May 5 th re por ted
the
the Sunday Te: legram .
S e c ond D i s tr i c t ,
b y the commun i c a t i on f r om Pe ter A. Mi t che l l o f t he Pa s s amaquoddy Tr i b e ' s
ant Po i n t Re s ervat i o n .
So much so that he p l aced it in the Appendix of
Congr e s s ional Re cord .
Ha t haway commen t e d :
of our
the
of
tr e a tmen t of
fate
Sunday Te le gram s erve s
r emai ns un f i l l e d .
i n j u s t ic e
d orman t
in y e t
my co l l e ague s .
r a t iona l i zing ,
do cumen t a tion
to r emind u s
The
l e t t er
to
the e d i tor
of an ob l igat ion which y e t
Never b e fore have I re ad s u c h a po ignan t remind er o f the
inf l i c t e d upon
1 1 In ho p e s
hi8 t9ty 1 s
: i r a t wi t ho u t p a in can ue r e ad
Pleas
the
the Ame r i can Ind ian - and we ar e prone to r a t iona l i ze that
o f a free nat ion d emand ed some s a cr i f ic e .
t he Ma ine
r ead s
He wa s e s pe c ia l ly t ouched
t ha t
the s e
forgo t ten American s .
i t w i l l arouse
too many Ame r i c an s ,
'1
t he he ar t s tr ings o f u.ud e r s t and ing ly ing
I commend thi s l e t t er to the at t e n t ion o f
Then , ma y w e g e t o n w i t h t h e t a s k c, f r e pair ing , ra ther t han
Ame r ica ' •
in the s t ruc tur e of the Ame r i c an dream .
t he we akne s s e s
fu t ur e d e p end s upon i t • 1 •
1 1 110 LAZIER TIIAl:I OTHER S ' :
To
t he Ed i t or :
I a m wr i t ing y o u t o expr e s s my o p inion on t h e i n t e rview Ke n t Hard had
F ir s t of a l l , I am a Pencb·
( Se e Page 1 1 - 1 2 , t h i s i s s ue . )
w i t h R aymond Moor e .
s co t
Ind i an now l iv in g in 3 ar Harbor and haL e b e en for
12 years .
that the Hai n e Ind ian s have b e e n any laz i er than any ot he r
I agr e e wi th Mr . I'1oore tha t
� e op l e , b l ack or whi t e , due to w e l fare pro grams .
t he a s s i s t an c e s hou ld b e f o r the o ld e r peop l e and tho s e who are unaL le to work
I don ' t b e l i eve
p hy s i c a l ly .
I a l s o agr e e
un empl oyme n t .
t ha t
the re
are
!nd ian men
I a l s o know you have
t o :work
and 40 y e ar s of age co l l e c t ing
so much b e f o r e you can be en t i t l ed
16
t o dr aw unemp loymen t .
1 794
Mr . Moore men t ioned s ome th ing about the s u i t
a c hu s e t t s ,
charg ing v io l a t ion
of
the
of
$ 1 50
t r e a ty wi t h the
mi l l ion agains t Mas s •
Pas s amaquoddy Ind ian s .
l ike t o know f o r my s e l f wha t b e came 0 f $ 5 0 , 000 'he S t a te o f Maine paid
4 Town s h i p s men t ion e d in the June 1 0 , 1833 t r e a ty and the
i n t e re s t , r e ckoning f r om the d a t e there o f, that was depo s i t ed in the S ta te Treas •
I wou ld
for
ury
t he pur c t- a s e of
4/19/68)
�(17 )
LI '!:'':":'LE rnD IAP G IRL CAUSES L IG
7ROUI LE
b y Ha l Humphrey
HOLLYWOOD - Buf fy S a i n t e -Marie , the f o l k s i nger and a spr ig of a g ir l ,
s in g l e ha nd e d ly up s e t a long - s t anding Ho l lywood t r ad i t i o n .
A Cr e e Ind i a n
he r s e l f , s he i n s i s t e d when h i r e d t o ac t in an
e p i sode o f " The Virg i n i an 1 1 t h a t
ha s
all
5 0 o t her Ind i an par t s
in i t be c a s t wi th r e a l Ind i an s t o o .
Thi s wa s an unheard - o f r e que s t , b e cau s e i t i s a we l l -known f a c t in f i lm
c ir c l e s h e r e tha t r e a l Ind i an s never p l ay Ind i a n s in we s t er n s .
The S cr e e n
Ex t r a s Gui l d ha s a l arge a s s or tmen t o f Mex i can s , I t a l i a n s and mix t u r e s . who pa s s
a s Ind i an s i n a l l mov i e s and TV .
Even D enny Rub in , the Jewi s h come d i an , ha s
p l ay ed
an
Ind i an .
The on ly ex c e p t ion
to t h i s Ho l l ywood ru l e i s Jay S i lverhe e l s , the Mohawk
I n d i an ·who p la ye d Ton t o in the " Lone R ang e r " for many s e a s o n s .
Jay , i n c i d e n t
a l l y , ha s an In d i an Ac t or s Horkshop , b u t ha s had t roub l e g e t t in g h i s gradu a t e s
i n t o t h e gu i l d
s o t h e y can f ind work .
" They a lway s u s e t he ex cu s e t h a t r e a l Ind i an s can ' t be found , " s a y s Ni s s
S a in t e -Mar t e , " b u t I have mad e i t s o they cann o t s ay tha t any mor e .
Do you
know ther e ar e 20 , 000 Ind i an s in the Lo s Ange l e s ar e a , r e pre s e n t i n g 1 1 ::> d i f
ferent
tr ib e s ? "
Thi s who l e mag i l l a b e gan when Jo e l Rogo s in , produ cer of ' ' The V i r g i n ian , "
spo t t e d Mi s s S a i n t e -Mar i e on Johnny Car son ' s show and d e c ided she wou l d make a
g o o d a c tr e s s for a s t ory he had abou t an Ind i an gir l whom the G r a i n g er f ami ly
i n " The Vir g in i an " s e nd s t o s choo l for an ec u c a t i on , then b r in g s b a ck to t h e
re s erva t ion
t he
40 or
agr e e d ,
Rogo s i n wa s a
the
smi l ing .
ignor an c e
fact
surpr i s e d ,
bu t agreed
f i l le d w i t h r e a l
to he r r e qu e s t
tha t
Ind i an s .
l ive
He
n o t know i ng ho � tough i t wou ld be .
" I g ue s s
t 4ar i e ,
lit tle
50 o ther In ian ro l e s a l s o be
and
agen t s
and
the
gu i l d gave h im troub l e , 1 1
" I t ' s b e en exp ed i e n cy and pr e s sur e
in s en s i t iv i ty ,
tha t ' s k e p t
Ind i a n s
t h e y don ' t know hou lou s y t h e o t her a c t or s
For
a
l e ad in g man t o p l ay oppo s i t e Mi s s
Dav i d Carrad i ne ,
f i rmly .
who
is
supp o s ed
s ay s Mi s s
S ai n t e
from t h e age n c i e s ,
from a c t ing .
plus
�ha t and
the
are whe n t h e y t r y t o p l ay Ind i an s . '
S ai n t e -Mar i e ,
t o b e one - e i g h t h Ind i an ,
Rogo s in
bu t
sug&e s t e d
s he demurr e d
E v e n Har r y ;• e l afon t e , a f r i end o f Mi s s Sain t e -Mar i e , wou l d n o t d o
11
to anyway ,
s he s ay s ) , so f in a l l y Ued Romero wa s cho s e n .
( ' He wou l d n ' t wan t
He
i s mo s t l y B ! a ckf o o t .
Af ter a band o f · r e a l
t ed
t he y b e
i an .
( Even r e a l
ac c omp l i shed wa s
the
S ho shone
a ch&nge
' �h a t
s he wou l d
l e ar n ed wh i l e
thi s
to
get
un
the ma t
; 1 The
is
as
t ime ,
felt
she h a s
is
b e c au s e
S ain t e -Mar i e .
as
a t Un ive r s a l
happy as
script ,
to
t he
the
a c h ie�ed
says
this
to
t he
i an , "
and ac t ing
in
t e a ch her peo p l e wha t
change
bud g e t .
She
the
script ,
S ai n t e -Mar i e .
or any t h i n g e l s e ,
Mi s s
s in g s
S a i n t e -Mar i e
Ind i an pr o t e s t
fa l l
is
in
c a l l ed
the m� en
songs
As
pro o f
t a l en t s
o n l y par t of i t .
in h e r
"P� t' P r c:ht t..-o . 'F l p
to
con
�hey wi l l
the d i f fe r e n c e b e tween r e a l Ind i an s
in
n 1'he V i rg i n i an "
of hou s e r i o u s
Mi s s
she
S a in t e -Ma r i e ha s
Ti m P r .
/1 / ? � / (... A .,,.
i s a real
i s ab ou t
Ind
t h i s bu s
turned d own -par t s
f i lms b e c au s e n o o t her genuine Ind i an s were go ing
(From t- h e S t' .
s he
the whi t e man
comp l e t ed b e fo r e he wa s
have und r e ame d -o f
f i lms
b e c au s e eve r y Ind i an
l e t t in g Ind ian s p l ay Ind i an s ,
4 f e atur e
Ind -
S a i n t e -Mar i e
1V show i s the f ir s t t ime she ha s r e a l ly
s how i s o n t h e air next
Ho l lywood kind ,
s ay s Mi s s
ine s s o f
in
this
in s i s
t he
s ome t h i n g f or her peop l e .
tribut e t o o ur s o c ie t y ,
s e e when
to
c a l l ed ,
1 1 The pub l i c d o e sn ' t know t ha t °Ind ians
and
t h in g Mi s s
s he doe s n o t b e l i eve wha t
any Ind i an can b e .
but
�he nex t
see s
t h e r e s erva t i on .
try ing
episode i s
exp l a i n
S a i n t e -Mar i e, then
wh i ch orig ina l ly had h e r o f f e nd e d b y
came b ack t o
a f r a i d of
Mi s s
the way Ho l lywood u su a l ly
i s u s ed . )
Rogo s in was r e � dy
Her i t ag e ·, "
co l c e r t reper t o i r e ,
she
s choo l ,
exp l a i n s Mi s s
By ·
t ime
away a t
be
l an guage
in t h e
f i l t h a n d pove r ty when
t e ache s , "
Ind i an s wa s a s s emb l ed ,
c o s tume d p e r f e c t ly and no t
t o b e emp lo ye d .
c:, 1-. T"' i +- +- "' ,..t
\-. .. ?
..
... ...
., rt ,... ...
\
�( 18 )
MOHAWK IND IANS H I N A PROMI SE OF B ILL GIV IITG
by Homer B igar t
THEN S C HOOL VOTE
HOGANSBURG , N . Y . , Apr i l . 26 - The 2 , 2 2 2 S t . Reg i s Mohawks who l ive in a
sma l l r e s erva t ion on the Canad i an fron tier a l ong the south b ank of the S t . Law
rence River , s e em abo u t to s c ore a landmark v i c tory in the l ong s t rugg l e o f
New Y o r k S t a t e Ind i ans f o r a b a s i c c iv i l r i gh t .
Ye s t e rd ay , a f t e r a s cho o l b oyco t t tha t b e g an Mond ay , the Ind i ans extracted
from s t a t e o f f i c i a l s a promi s e o f leg i s l a t i on , g iving them for the fir s t t ime
the r ight to vo t e in s c ho o l bo ard e l e c t io n s .
At pre s en t , none of the 1 5 , 000
Ind i an s l iv ing on n ine re s erva t ions in the s ta t e have any - vo ice in the running
o f s cho o l s .
At
the c l o s e o f a long me e t ing wi th trib a l chi e f s and pare n t s , John R .
s t a t e coord inator o f Ind ian Affair s , ind i ca t ed he wou ld suppor t the
e nab l ing l e g i s l a t i on .
As s emb lyman G l enn H . Harr i s , Repub l i can o f Canada Lake ,
promi s ed the Ind i an s he wou ld d r a f t the b i l l immedi a t e ly .
I t took a l l day for the S t a t e De p t . of Educat ion to d e termine whe ther
the pr opo s ed b i l l wou ld run afoul of any trea ty agreeme n t s with the Mohawks .
Ha thorn ,
At 5 P . M. , Lou He l s h , coun s e l for the educat ion depa r tment ,
Albany tha t the b i l l wa s l e g a l • • • •
The Ind ians want s ome th ing more
t io n s ,
of
the
ac cord ing to Chi e f John A .
site
than par t : c i p a t ion in s cho o l board e l e c
Cook .
the new add i t ion to
for
t e l e phonec from
They wan t a vo ice i n the s e l e c t ion
They want
the Sa lmon Rive r Central S cho o l .
more empha s i s on En g l i s h .
They want b e t t e r t e acher s and an improved curricu lum.
And they wan t a de - e s c a l a t i on of phy s i c a l training .
s pend 40 minu t e s every s cho o l d ay in the gym , " comp l a ined Mr s .
" Our kid s
" They d on ' t need i t ; they l ive in
Whi te ( chairman of the pro t e s t commi t t e e ) .
• • •
the country .
They ough t to s pend more t ime improving the ir vocabulary . 1 1
Ou t s ide ,
ab out
20 adu l t Ind ians in coa t s and windbre ake r s
formed a p icket
l ine .
Why
They carr ied s igns tha t r e ad : " They t e a =h d emo cr acy in s cho o l .
don ' t they apply i t to Ind ians ? 1 1
" B e t t e r admin i s trat ion ; be t t er superv i s ion"
and " Indians w i l l go on warpath for our chi ldre n . "
c au s e the boyc o t t wa s t o t a l ly e f f e c t ive .
The p i cke t
l in e was
The s cho o l wa s c l o sed be
in i t s e l f a r are phenomenon ,
the ch i e f repor ted .
"We
The
have never b e fore had a demon s t r a t ion , le t a l one a b oy co t t , 1 1 he s a id .
Mohawks , he s � i d , are no t ab l y con serva t ive , pa t r io t i c and i n c l ined to be hawkish
on the V i e t nam war •
among Mohawks i s
• • •
lower
He s poke proud ly tod ay o f the fac t tha t unemployme n t
than the preva i l ing j ob le s s r a t e in
commun i t ie s o f f
the r e s erva t i on , and no t e d t h a t s ome 2 5 0 t r i b a l member s were working throughout
the coun try as s truc tur a l s t e e l worker s .
(From t h e New York Time s , 4 / 2 7 / 6 8 - submi t t ed by a r e ader . )
INDIAN BABY NAMED A T R I TUAL
In an anc i e n t Narragan s e t t Ind ian ceremony , which inc l ud ed smoke r i tua l s
t o ward o f f ev i l s p ir i !: s , Chr i s topher Weeden , four w e e k s o ld , wa s named i :wise
3pe�ker • i ye s t erd ay at the Toma quag Ind i an Mu s eum , Hopkinton .
The s o n of Ta l l Oak of the Narragan s e t t Tr ib e and Camme tah of the Cape
Cod Wampanoag Tr ib e , o therw i s e known a s Mr . and Mr s . Evere t t G . Heeden of
Char l e s town , wa s the main a t trac t ion a t the ri tua l s which fo l lowed the annual
About 200 pa l e fa c e s wi tne s s ed a number
cor n p l an t ing cer emony at t he mus eum .
of Indian d an c e s • • • whi ch were performed by member s of 9 t r ib e s .
Par t i c ip a t ing were the Ma lacee t , S chato coke , Wynd o t te , Fampano ag , Pequo t ,
Ta l l Oak d id the chan t ing
Nava j o , Mohawk , Moh i c an and Narragan s e t t tribe s .
Pri nc e s s Red Wing of the Narr agan s e t t Tr ib e , who l ive s at the
for the d an c e s .
museum and is care t aker there for the Nor theas t Ame r i c an Ind i an Coun c i l , said • • •
t he pub l i c i s always we l c ome to a t t end cer emon i e s at the mu s eum.
(Fr.orn thP. P,.. ovi d Pn C P . J L T n • • Tou rn a L C, / n / hfl,\
�(19)
OLAR SHIPS
COLBY TO AID IND IANS GE T SCH
AUGUS TA (AP) - Colby Co l lege has promi sed
: 1 s p e c i a l con s ider a t i on " for
s cho l a r s h i p a id to any Maine Ind ian
boy or g ir l recommend e d by the Depar tme n t
o f Ind i an A f f a ir s , Commi s s ioner Edward
c . Hinckley s a id Thur sday .
Hinckley s a i d he ha s b e e n c anvas s ing the
co l lege s try ing to g e t s uch
he lp for qua l i f i ed Ind i an youth .
The S ta te B oard of Educa t ion has e s t ab l i s hed
a p o l icy o f acc e p t ing one aua l i f i e d
Maine Ind i an each y e ar a t e a ch o f the f ive
( s t a t e ) c o l l e g e s ( on a fu l
s cholar sh ip ) .
i
J . O . Ro s e n t ha l ,
Co lby ' s
a s s o c ia t e dean of s tuden t s , t o l d Hinc k l ey in a
co l lege would no t w i s h to s e t as ide fund s spec i f i c a l ly for one
group o f p e o p l e b e c au s e o f the d anger o f burd en ing
o t her fund s undu ly .
But
h e quo ted a po l ic y s t a teme n t that the finan c i a l a i d
commi t tee "wi l l b e mo s t
happy t o con s id e r for s cho lars hip any Maine Ind ian who mee t s
the academic qual
i f i c a t i o n s for ad� s s ion . 1 1
The s ta temen t con t inued : ' 'We are i n comp l e t e sympathy w i t h such a program
and wi l l g ive s pe c i a l cons iderat ion to any cand idate recommend e
d by the Off i c e
l e t t e r that
the
o f t h e Commi s s i on e r
need o f
• • • Th e
amoun t o f t h e f inanc ial a i d wi l l depend upon tte
cand id a t e up to a maximum of $3 � 600 per academi c year . "
the
(From the �anger Dai ly News ,
5/ 17/68)
ANTHROPOLOG I S T TO A IR POS S IB ILI TIE 8 OF
WRI TING PASSAMAQUODDY LANGUAGE
PR U!C F TGrl - A spoke sman for
announced Thur sday n ig t
the
at We s le yan Unive r s i ty , Midd le town ,
1st
at
oi t he
7 : 00
P . M.
Pa s s amaquodd i e s .
�1r s . Wi l l iam Kend a l l of
at
the
pub l i c me e t i ng
pro fe s s or of anthropo logy
Conn . , wi l l be
at Hood l and High S cho o l
program b o ard o f d ir e c t or s ,
o ther s
Pa s s amaquoddy Commun i ty Ac t ion program
that Dr . Hi l l ard �-! a lker ,
Pr ince t on ,
to d i s cu s s
the fea tured s p e ake r June
the h i s tory and
a memb �r o f t he
Ind ian Commun i ty Ac t ion
s aid Dr . Halker w i l l out l in e to Ind ians and al l
the po s s ib i l i t ie s of
Pa s s amaquoddy Ind i an language i n t o a mean ingfu l ,
turn ing
great Algo nquin Ind i an nat ion now exi s t ing as branch£ s
a l s o of
the
the ye t unwr i t t en
gramat i c a l ly -wr i t ten pat tern .
He a l s o w i l l review the h i s tory and cre a t ive cu l ture of
Virginia Po t t l e ,
language
Ind ian CAP b oard ,
the d e s cendan t s
of
of
the Abnaki t r i b e .
pointed out
that
t he
the mee t
ing wi l l b e he ld und er the s po n s o r s hi p o f Super in tend e n t o f S cho o l s Ozias B r igham .
She urged
t he pub l i c and e s pe c i a l ly
the paren t s of high s choo l age pup i l s
in
the
Pr in c e ton and Wood land area to a t tend and b e come be t t er in formed on Ind ian c u l
ture .
S h e a l s o sugge s t ed t h e informa t ional mee ting cculd he l p e a s e t h e trans i
t ion o f Pr ince ton High S cho o l
s tuden t s
in to
(B angor D a i ly New s ,
c�ming S e p t ember .
the Wo od land
s cho o l
s y s tem t h i s
5/ 13/68)
MA I NE IND IAN G IR L T O S TUDY LAW AT UNM
AUGUSTA
(AP)
b i ty o f Maine i s
- A 25 -year -o ld Penob s co t Ind ian woman gradua te of
the
S cho l a r s h i p Program in Law f o r Amer i can Ind i an s ,
sa
Old
Mond ay .
Mi s s Donna By e r s ,
Town , w i l l a t tend
S choo l
in Por t land and
of
U.
i n t en s ive npre - law ' :
She hop e s
Ni co la of
Ind ian I s land ,
17
a t the
t o e nro l l in the Univer s it y o f Ma ine Law
s p e c i a l i z e in Maine Ind i an law .
b e e n a re s iden t coun s e lo� at
o f Ind ian A f f a i >: s
seminar s tar t ing June
of M. , ma j or ing in po l i t i c a l s c ience ,
D e an Edward
the Maine . D e p t .
daugh t e r of Mr s . Alb e r ta R .
the
1Tniver s i ty o f New Mex ico .
t he
t he Univer �
f ir s t e a s t ern Ind ian a c c e p t e d i n a New Mex i co S pe c i a l
She i s a
1 965
gr adua.t�
and dur ing the pas t y ear ha s
the Po l and Spr ing Job Corps Center f or women .
� . Godfrey of
the
l aw s choo l
( Con t inue d on Page
t o ld Ind ian Affair s Commi s s ioner
20)
�( 20 )
(Con t inued from Page 1 9 )
Hi nckley that any Maine Ind ian comp le t ing the urn1 summer program
and a c c e p t e d by the U . of M. Law S cho o l wou ld- be r e commend ed for fu l l tui ti on
s cho l ar sh i p , Hinckle y s a i d .
Edward
C.
Mf g; l: y e r s wi l l be t he f ir s t eas t ern Ind ian to t ake par t in the UNM progr&11
s a id .
La s t y e ar , 18 app l i can t s from 13 t r ibe s were a c c e p t e d .
Nine were
e l i g ib l e for l aw s choo l admi s s i on and s eve n were admi t ted and now are regu lar
he
l aw s tuden t s .
( Bangor Dai ly News ,
5/ 2 1 / 68 )
..
:.� .. -. �':'
MAINE
IND IANS G E T WATER, SEWER AID
WAS H!t!G TON (AP) - Gran t s t o t a l ing $ 4 3 3 , 560 to he lp f inance cons truct ion
of w a t e r and s ewer f a c i l i t ie s for two commun i ti e s on the Pas s ama qu odd y Ind ian
r e s erva t ion s in Ma ine were announced Wedne sday by the Economic Deve lopment Ad
mini s tr a t ion .
A $ 2 8 3 , 9 6 0 gran t i s for expan s ion of the wa t er sy s tem and con s tru c tion
of a s ewer s y s tem and s ewage - t r e a tmen t fac i l i t ie s at P l e a s ant Po int .
A $ 14 9 , 600
gran t w i l l he l p bu i ld a water s y s tem , wa ter - tre atmen t faci l i t i e.s and sewP.r s at
Pe ter D ana Po in t .
(Lew i s t o n -Auburn Sun , t� / 1 8 / 6 8 )
NEWS F ROl1 HERE AND THERE
- S tephen E . Mi t che l l of Ind i an I s l and ,
Old Town , wa s e l e c t e d a nat ional
v i ce pr e s iden t in Kappa D e l t a Phi Fra t er n i ty d ur ing the Fratern i ty ' s annual
conven t io n in New York C i ty l a s t week .
Mi tche l l s erve s as vice pr e s ident o f
Lambd a Chap t e r at Hus son Co l l ege ; h e i s ed i tor of t h e s tudent newspaper , 1 1 The
Hu s s on Ledger , 1 1 and he i s s e c re t ary to the Dean o f Men .
He i s t he son of Mr .
and Mr s .
Theodore Norr i s Mi t che l l of Ind ian I s land .
- 75 -y e ar -o ld Pas s amaquoddy Le g i s l a t ive F e pre s e n t a t ive George Franc i s , o f
Pl e a s an t Po in t , h a s j o ined the Poor Pe o p l e· ' s March on Washing ton , and wa s met
in B o s t on on the f ir s t l e g of h i s j ourney by Rev . Ralph Abernathy of the SCLC .
Mi s s Deanna Fr an c i s , a Pa s s amaquoddy from Ple a s an t Po i n t who i s a s tud ent at
the Univer s i ty of Ma ine in Por t l and t a l ke d wi th V i ce Pr e s ident Hub ert H . HumphreJ
on h i s arr iva l in Aug u s ta on May 1 7 t h , t e l l ing him of the p l ight of her tr ibe .
Mi s s F r an c i s a l s o par t i c ip a t e d in a sympo s ium on Race Re la t ions in Maine , he ld
at Gorham S ta t e C o l l e g e on May 1 5 t h .
A Coa l i t ion of Amer i can Ind i an C i t i z e n s , wi th main o f f i ce s in Denver ,
ha s b e en organ i z ing Ind ian par t i c ipat ion - par t i cu lar ly among the we s t ern t:: ibea•
in the Poor Pe op l e ' s Campa ign on Has hing ton , 1 1re cogn i z ing tha t the growing revo l ·
u t i on o f p o o r peop l e. i s n o t a n i s sue o f race , c l a s s o r cul ture , bu t a mora l
i s s ue in the mo s t b a s i c s en s e - t he righ t of peop l e to l ive and to l ive how they
c ho o s e • 1 1
- Frankl in Wri gh t , a co lumn i s t for t he Por t land Evening Expre s s commenting
uport Maine ' s curren t f i ght f or o f f - s hore o i l exp l orat ion· r i ght s , made refe rence
'
111-Tou ldn t it be
to the Pa s s ama quoddy C l a ims Ca s e , now in Ma s s ac hus e t t s cour t :
s t range if Mai n e pushed t o v i c t ory on i t s crown char t e r c l a im and made a bundle
from t he o i l r e s erve s o f f i t s shor e , then had to pay a l l it made to s e t t l e the
argume n t w i th
the Ind i an s ?
•
•
•
If
B u t I have gr e a t conf idence , in po l i t i c ians .
the l e g i s l ature wou ld f ind some way of co l le c t •
( Por t l and Evening Expre s s , 5 / 2 / 6 8 )
Ind ians co t a l l tha t money ,
i n g b a c k taxe s for 1 5 0 y e ar s . 1 1
the
- S ho s hone Chi e f Herman S t . C l a ir , 6 7 , For t Washakie , Wind River Res erva•
has b e come the f ir s t Amer i can Ind i an in vryoming to b e appo inted
to the l o c a l draft b oard , fo l l owing an ord er b y S e l e c t ive Servi ce Ch i e f Lewis
B . He r s h�y t h a t repr e s en t a t ion b e provided f or memb e r s of minori ty gr oup s .
t i on , Wyoming ,
�MA rlE IND IAN NEW SLE TTER
Pine S tree t
Freepor t ,
Maine
0403 2
NEW SUB SCRI PTION POLICY
EFFECTIVE JANUARY
1 , 1 968
/'
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� / :/ �. _ / 1. J
•
:)' {1 Li {:/
Beginnin g in January , the fol lowing
sub s cr ip t ion rates wi l l be charged
for a 12-month sub scr ip t ion to the
MAI
·
J
I
'
i
'
\
\
Ind ian
t
FREE
"".
Non- Ind ian (Regular )
- $2 . 00/year
"
(Cont r ibu cing) - $5 . 00/year
"
( Suppor t ing)
-$10. 00/year
(Life t ime)
-$50 . 00
/j */]
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and send in the sub
scr ipt ion s l ip (below) W I TH the appro
priate amoun t .
Your subscr iption
wi l l b egin wi t h the next availab le
is sue after your sub s cript ion i s
received .
The addr e s s labe l s indicate the s tatus
of your sub scr ipt ion .
" I-F " means
" Indian-Fre e . "
The abbreviat ion of a
month (JAN) i s the t ime - nex t year your sub s cript ion fee wi l l again be
due .
� ill.! !Qr � !!!. ind ividual
expir at ion no t ice , .!2. � �!
_
- - � -..... - � � � � - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �
--ft;::::_;;_ 1\
wherever you
If you are
l ive , f i l l out and s end in the subscripti.on s U p (below) , ident i fy ing
your Tribe and enc lo sing NO money .
......... - � - - � � � � � - - - � � � - - - -� - - - � - - - � - - � - - - - - � - � -
I wou ld like to receive regular monthly i s sues of the Maine Ind ian News let ter:
NAME
--------�
.\DDRESS------( S treet, or Pos t Off ice Box)
DATE
NON-IND IAN__
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S ta t e
$
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MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTER
Pine S tree t , Freepor t, Maine
_..
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04032
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D on ' t forge t your
ZIP
Code !
...... .........., _
�BULK
MA INE INDIAN NEW SLE TTER
Pine S tr e e t
04 0 3 2
Freepor t , Maine
U. S .
3 . 6 ¢ PAID
Freepor t , Maine
Pennit No . 3 3
ADDRE S S CORREC TION REQU E S TED
Colby Col lege L ibrary
Co lby Col leae
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JAJI
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POSTAGE
REFERENDU?-! QUE S TION No .
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (May 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-05
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-460
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/cd80be87ae8d0593682bfe62ed77b714.pdf
84070a0d182ac7463ac9b19e3ecdd730
PDF Text
Text
2,
Volume
8
Numb0r
M1-W
PENOBSCOT NE
(� I ov
.i\I "-Wil dCOL L EGE
By Cr.rol D...-.na,
T
....... :. Club
-·
968
Ap ril 1
1968
O
Indi,
Cl ub Activiti1J
of
Activitic::;
Indic.n
fill ct _rt next
Iol--nd
mon tL
oa tL_ r<::D-1r'v�.ti on,
Gpo��G r..:d by t: c Divicio:J __.f Bure.c�u :Jf HunL�l Rcl:..tions .·.nd led by Sict r
C-.ri t- ...J .
T.·
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l
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b.:.dlli.:t:rn,
co�l-i� ;; c�urse for t c girlu in tb0 p.::ri �.
ill i·_cludc
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·ns 12.rc:;�r tl• . . n· tl.1::
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:,_-.rt. vivuo
?.
cliaic"' ·1or ... poorly .:-..tt-.1ded.
n:-.d t],
·1otLoi.ns i r._ ,.tt 1...:1, lid t .ey bet
t!:e notico or ·.-rnr
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.SL cc t . . e:
1 �st (.,li:.:.ic 1c.s 2. succes.s tlley .all sti ll IJ
&ld.
·fuo 1ucr<:.. cli,1ico 7 ill
:-�lso be .1.eld in J.pril.
.•
...
_
..,,
St.
p-trick's
St0u
TL" A�rnual St. Po.b�ick's SL0:1 u'-'-u l " eld
There r1ere about 12 5 pe ople :.:.t t !e d<:.. J s 1ow.
Pat
'.V e re
sold .:.nd g".L!GG
vrnre
Fr.-__.cis,
. Songs
�ere
Loring,
C'1�r1es
su�g by
pl.:iyed.
t�c
'.d,e
Surd.:-.y c.t_2: 3 0 ,1;.1d 7:30 p.L·.
Refrcsl1"w.:ts
..i.1J. [;r<.:.b b .gs
i r c lu de d 00::0:::; by tl�e. ba 1d,
o..cts
rtnlpl:. Nic!:olc..,
y oun g e r girls,
...
i
Jr.,
_ .••
d J3·.rb...:.r..:. Fr� .•1cio •
April L ring, c..nd
Vicki F rcL cis,
Rho.1dc. · 1itc 1 e l l, :.lso tl'le Oc..khill 2,irls, 1- �ggy C�<ev:::.ree, G . ylc Pl�illips,
and .1c.ry hc.wilt on
'-..l'othe?r gr�·up, Orl · . rr d c1 �rl:, TL.1 Lwc, ..:l!.d ·;ic!_;.'.01
R.:'.nco sang folk .songs.
C o te die s .:cr0 acted by J.lbertc:: Fr_ . icis <::.. d
vclyn
The
Snpiel, nnd Dale Lol2r :-.nd 'fiu 1hc_.:.1:. c-.cted
s
Lc.ur8l 2�1d He.rd;;.
f tL ..:: CLurc��.
si10,'f ,1;::.o :. success �.nd iU:..s f .Jr t::"' ben fit
...
•
.
.
.
.....
__
Tutor
by .
...
.
Tl ere is e.. t u t oric. .l pr u gr.. 1'1 o.:i Indi-.n Icl --.ad .r:.ic. i.s sp::m...;c-red
.
L""i. st ya ..r o__ l;-/ 25 c::ttc:; ·ed , t is
C. of the Univor.sity 0f 112i:1e.
. .
1rl":ere ::.:.re
1-12.
c:.lso -.·fr·o
·I' "!e progr�'.m in clude .=->
40.
ye ...r t� ere c..r e
t he
lJl
Pi.�ogr
t�;:::i
2lso t.:i.ke
p"'".rioh 110.ll,
adults
p .rt
or in
·1.::>.rkL1g
in t 1'. is .
th"
Yout':
.oi,�es
The
of
:::..
of people fro..:; "'r�.d�s
s cl �o :J l diploLi...�D .1:.0
tE£J.cl: L. t· e tr_,_b.::.l :."_-_11,
group
for their
tutors
tl:.c
Lig!'i
pe:::iplo.
Lc-:der::>hip C0L.v'-:iti0a
der s L i p Conve tion iK.s :_ l d ,:.t .JJ11n B�pst hig:1 ScLo-.11
Tao
ecplc
ttend�d ti,-3 con
0f t h e loc<.11 pe.ri she s .
Gr2.dc.1 Lol c:.r :-..nd 1. y.:rnlf.
d,
vention fro1.1 St. .Ann' o pc.ri::>h en I:idic.11 I�l
7:3 0 �J . . to 1 0: 3 0 :P•
Tl'.<:) coi·ve:1tion st.:-..r t c d Fridu.y tL2· 15L of �:: r e: fro
'l'Lere ,rnre t-.:::11c..goro fro_:, tl•� �re 1er, Bene
c.nd a.lso S2.turdc.y and Sund<:i.y.
book
ivc:1
r.:2.cli Jf U"" ,.fc.
dict.::-; Bango r, L'.�:d Old To·:m ·rca }JL.risJ;es.
di s c u s .J i .J n grou:·s
Je ,·Jere divided i
le t cc:�lled Christ ir..ni ty ii "'"?ene11al.
t]1e o·.Jok
·e re.:. . d c: . . =_)ter'� i
with c. diccu.saioa l e'-'. d e r c:ud L secret::ry.
e lc..twI
TLis discussi:rn urc:..:.; for our s e lve s 011ly.
c..n d sns'.:cred questions.
i.:;2. the red in one group.for �: n otli.er discussion ::�1d to -;_.re-: i, t t c c .m clus ior
Tl in nc..s pre: :::ented by the secre
·.1e c �;,1e to i;1 sns-.7cring t e quest ior:s.
ent;;;d on by tlie rest. Fc.·.ther lrnnroe
tc:.rieG ..'.':1d further disc u s se d op co,
�·.::·in discusLion.
ar�d Sistar h. ,..,le ;::1:.r of Jo!.11 :S�tpst rn.i:-e present c:.t t:
-�c- 2. J1e·;1 ex:·�eri.:;nce to uG in -1� icl. ·.-10 fe l t close to God
The co;.1ve11tion
. '!10 is J. sus C..ri_,,t?
The t-O!')ics we dis cu ss e d ȴere:
c::nd our r e l i g ion .
( C� nti1lued on F.:...ge 7)
;.
for t
e
Youth
L
.::.
te.::nc,gerc.
__
·
:
.
__
..
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....
c
..•
..
..
..
..
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�E D I
·
.
TRE
u;.I" :"E II\"DihN W.: ISLETTER
EDITOR;
T 0 R I
A L S
,)
:. .. _}"(,,-�)
'
opinions
•
:...·
to
be --sen t
•
.1;
}!c:.ine In di .:-..n Ne·. slettcr
Pine S tre0t, -Free};or t, i'�t:.Li.e
st .... tewents
stories
or
ideas
Perry,
...
�
,,
1 c . :.,:.
following:
04032
H.:.ry Y rm:�l
cartoons
J. .-
the
jokes
lec:.Sl-•nt Point Reserv �tion
infor..uc.c.tion
or
recipes
04667
�ine
i :orris Brooks
Lints
Indi n Township
me os
r,h.e
Princeton,
reledies
or
sugg stions
Carol D.rna
gri:1es
Old To��,
0466�
cor. plc.in t s
Indic..n
predictions
Island
Maine
04468
ne �s items
I�� SPLIT RAIL FT, -CE
Still
tl.e spli t r�il fences s t .:.r1d
Silent
sentriea
O v erse eing
to
tl
12.lld
�
Land not fit for plouing
Woods not fit
�nd colicky b&bies
Seek" .g peace in hills &nd clen.
Co··
s
d kids
c;
Even th •ug'
obeJ
t
ey
Or s ..ling on t
o
t .eir
jump
split
This b o u d r y keeps
Firm �nd sure,
To t Lis
Leavi�g
.re dee1
st
nee
d d'". ce
rc..il gc... t e
o ur
Sees
And colicky bc..bies
defence
our split r:-.il fence
re2tling
ir no t fit for
S�ies not fit for viewing
Sores on our bodies
ur seed t he f�elds of clover
i·L4.RTI1
And colicky b�bies
Gnd harves t's over.
LUTH.!:R KI .G
·re re blind
'1/ater not fit fur drinking
Lakes not fit for bathing
Sores on our bodies
And colicky b�bi�s
F.veryone of our kind
We ·1ere sled
And bled �nd b led nnd bled
Ti.t.
not fit for fishing
E�rth not fit for pl..:nting
Sores on our bodies
f ,,te.
pro tec t ion,
.en su set 's here
We
�
Anim�ls not fit for breeding
Skin .not fit for
And colicky b�bies
no more
No land,
No you,
Jar and
•
pestilence
in our land
Blood �nd �urder of every m�n
no sea
no me •
tz.nning
Sores on our bodies
1e no more
Exist
for cutting
Sores on our bodies
fields ��d wen
Sores on our bodies
•
And colicky �2bi es
·
{ !1&.t
I
&yb e
io the end
to :i.11 this sin
t Le end to the beginning ag _in
Sores
on our bodies
�(4)
LETTE1�.··
'l'O ''h"S EDITOR
Dear 1� s . Tho@pGon:
'
I ·:12..s r�ca1 tly v ..:: ry 'ortun .te to lk ve .u � d .:. s.1 ... rG i11 t_. r-> p 1�--..nning
.
1 · .::
..
.
of a nuccessful "Firstil for tl1.e N ... tive Jomen in the ;·rovince
of ,.._lberta The First
c:tive ·if0i:1en Is Conf _rence of :'ilbertc 011 l'iC:.rch 12t h through
.
15th, I11d:u::n women ra2y hc.ve been tr�.diti 0 � 1 ,- L y silent -.,ad cJ.G:Cepting
::. ..
but the d�y is c or i n g , es this conference illustr�t d, w�eil iley �ill
tc:ke their pL1ce beside t�-ie uen to . rork for
better to .. orro1;1 for .:.11
nc:;.tive peo_::,le.
Enclosed �re so1IB of the clippin�s from th
C onf � ren ce.
Thay sp eek
for themselves.
J.1.nd perh·· ps you .wi·, _t fi d smilatl1ing in t .e
lor your
Newsletter.
�
.
·
_
c:..
Many thanks for the c o pies you hc:ve been sen d i g r.ie.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Andrea (Bear) 1 icholE.s
(Nrs. NicholRs pirticipated �s one of the di sc us si o n leaders in the
fo ur - d c:.y conference in Ed.uonton, Alberte.
.n.rticles stt.rt on p.s.ge 9.
"LO ,
-Ed.)
THE POOR IND IAN"
by
Rc..lph Nader
The cry of 11 Lo, the Poor Indian" resounded once agc.�in froill if�shington
- this tihle in the form of c speci�l presidential mess��e to
Congress.
Lik e a torrent of previous stc.· tei.ien ts 011 the r1Forgot ten Amer
ican'' flowing frow the D e pdrt m e n t of Interior, the President seid m o s t
.
AS
of the rigl:t tl ii gs c::-.nd used most of the COu!pE:ssio;:l<:.te c.djectivcs.
in f o r mer Jea.rs c:.nd fori..ter Ad,"':... . istr.:�tio s, e ...... J Lc..s is 'dcc..S plc..ced on self
'
hel:p, self-deterr.1inc�tion, e.. higher economic stc:..nd_-..rd of livi.ag, b\..tter
educrtion, i rnp r ov .d 1- e c. � lt h cc:re, m<.tnpo11er tr c:..in in g , new ro&ds, c..nd a bill
of rights fo� th e 400,000·reservntion I .. di�.s.
Is th-re anything neN here, other th�n furtter Lction-tlisplacing sy.w.p[� thy thc1t hc.s br e d c.:: h--.rd skepticisill into ...1ost Indians
direct J h ite E.ouse
Cle.:u-ly,
long resi gn ed to �1overty in perpetuity?
COfilL1it@e.1. t to Indian betteri.:lent, fo·r t he first ti11e, oives tl...e wlSSion
gr e::. ter visibility c::.nd iw .. ortc.�l ce.
Tl: are is a 12 -�·ercent increa.se in
ove�all Indi�n uppropric..tions requested of Congre�s for fisc�l ye�r 1969.
Bu t beyond th�t, the President's raess�ge �voided decl�ng with t�e endur
ing org�niz�tion�l dry rot upon whicl. these progra s �re being �dv � c ed,
tlis
mon th
�-
.
nuQely, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA).
One hundred Gnd nineteen ye�rs �go, the BIA �as established in
The
the Depc.rt11ent of Interior -.vith both presuiJed c:..nd -:e::.ctu�.l i.J.issions.
the lc.tter v1ith fac
former dealt with iL.1proving the lot of the Indie..n;
ilitati ng the encroachment on or ·exploitc:tion of Indic..n lands 2..nd resour cef
..
·
Und,er the Burec..u ' s aegis c-..nd congressional directive, the Indic:n 12 nd
base shrunk from 150 mi�lion acres to the present 53 million acres - about
For generc::tions the Bu.cec:u pr'esic ed over people
the size of New Engl�d.
Indians· Jere called 11w,_rds11, were culturally devast
without a future.
ated,physically puGhed �round �nd entwined in t.1.e most i�tric�te web of
burec;.ucrc.tic regulations .:.nd rulings ever i nflict e d anyv-11 ..iere in this
'rl1ey still "re.
nation's history.
In the �eantiwe, the.BIA has pr osp ered , growing to its jrede t
fed
size of approxiwately 16 ,000 ewployees providing the serJices of
Togetter
erel, state and local government in one .:dministr�tive bundle.
with snm.:ller pro grc:�ms in Indi.::..n heE�ltl1 (under tL.e Fu u l i c lie.::.lth Servie)
(Continued on Pc:-.ge ·5)
c.
�(5)
1110, TR:.� !JOOR I ·DIAlli
.
(Cont�nued from ��ge 4)
and anti·.overty
�')ro&r=-.i s ( i
or.:o), c u ��.._· e . _ t .i. isct:.l ye ....r .::.�'};ro ri;�.tio .s
Indi-ns tote.led �bout �460 1 i l lion or an
eve�& e inco 1e ·.�r reserv�
tion f:-r il�·· of so:·�e �5,600 if paid out i n
C.:.!.sh.
(TLe ::- v e r· . g e fc.m.::.ly
inco11e is . • 1, 500 per annUlil.
for
T!1e
Indi[n budget h ... s
b ee n i ncre .... sing e..t a r2.te thc._t h.:.s doubled
Yet the pict ur a on the reserv�tions is dr�0 ��d grim.
The prese t poverty t .lly is e. 40 :.: e rc e nt uneui�loyr!lGi.1t :c&te C li th Lluch
undere< loyuent),
ros:sly dil � p id at d housing, at le2st )0 �xrcent illit
.
in tLe pest decade.
er?..cy,
t·.:o-t: irds the life exi ect ncy c::.n d lzss tl:r..n c:. ti ird of tlie c::..ver�ge
inco e of otl er . mericc.ns, raa1: any disease including '"'- tuberculosis in
cidnece seven ti�es the nationcl � ver ge .
�
Anyo.e /
dre£.ry redu.
o h�� f�ll�?ed Indian aff irs firds these f igures to b�
-.11cy of pnst reci t-t.ions.
·Jith the exccpti'";n of soue c.d
L1di�n he c.. l tll , reserv';.tion co •ditiarr.J _e,•.:-.in c..s o.:.d or 7orse
vc.nces i.
th n 10 or 20
has
years
e erged i
Angeles,
�go.
the
fo
D(!nv�r
m
of
In the p�st de e de
a
new
di�ension of
d�sp ir
200,000 Indi·�s in city slums such �s Los
... nd
·!inne .. :polis.
But tl:e .3IA co .tL u s to exude f..ds
er it is re loc.:.ti n 2. 1r:..y fro 1 t!1<:. re.serv :. tions, tourisU}.,
winercl develop�e�t ��d t�e l�t�st unfilled expect_tion - bringing industry
to thE �eserv�tions.
of ho e
reco
-
/ � et '
-rior to t .e Pr es ide nt ' s mcssege,
e nd �tio
t
1
of
tr�.1 sfcr ::_:irim.:.. ry
0
.:·
the
resid "'nt ' s T<..Gk Fire.
the
:
si b i lit
y
�11ite -uuce r�j6cteJ the wajor
o.:.
P. ..:e��ic.::..n IndL..-:ns to
for Ir:d.L'..n �-f i.:...irs fro•. ; the
"':: d u c --.. t i o J.
cf Interior to the Secret ·ry 0f he�.lth,
Sccret2.ry
�1nd .1clf;;_re.
r.£111e
·r:-sk Force, ·n its still secret io4-p:-ge re·Lort c\.n l c ted in lS.06, ur ge d
t_ c s l. i f t to h.•, Jo.1 t� e ?r unds t: �.t 75 percen t of ;: ot.:�l Indi.:-.n ap·;?ro:t--n:
ti on s is
: llocc.ted
..
53
percent
by
e ·
of tl e
to he2..lth,
�r
0uaget
ed u c& tio n , .J.cl 11elfure fuuctLins.
(1250
�il l i on
in fi sc �l
19�L)
About
aoes to1&rd
its educ�ti0n function on the r e serv � ti o n .
;ith responsibility f or Indi:n
1 e:.l th .s e rv ic e s ".lre .dy in
J, t.' e Tc..sk F orc e diplouz.tic......lly concluded
}Jhc,sizing
tlL.t
"
.....
.' p ogrcIII e · ph�.. sis on conserv.:.tion
r es 0 u r c
:;; 11
.
by
of t --..e T:.Ek Force's
.nd nc:-.turc::.l
disbust c�d despcir felt
. ..:.:rfor.J.:.nce of tl1e Bure� u.
1d i41pr st.ion �h ... t ''too
T ••e T,_sk Force renort took note of t} e ddes r� ..
m�ny BI
7ere si �ly time - servers of wediocre or poor coJpetence
employee
wl o re:uc:.i ed i 1d ... finitely because they v er e willing to serv e iI un:--ttractive
�. -lny
e�e_t�
uch
�
l � cid rc::.tion�le
...ie.
e
�s
.
c..i.t
.1�s the
t11e
�
th�.t too li.lc..ny hc:.d
posts <'".t lo
r.:. tos of pc:..y for l o n g periods of time;
unconsciou..,ly anti-Indif'.n cttitudes =-.nd a.re convinced th"'.t Indi�-�ns ure
.rf)eten.t and their beh:.vior re f le ct s thin · s sULlption
o· clesaly inca •
re�llJ
Buildii1g on nuruerous ..: revious governL1ent (Eoover-ty-;e* critiques
ask Force ticked off c. li s t of '.dis
' s ch-.... geless '!'�''l:/S, the
of the BI
"Tl e Burec..u h.:..s no re.:..lly ..._ ,rd dD..te.. on
in&dequ te
e d uc tion • • • gross l
Tie 8ure�u does n ot e v e n lave
d......ta on 1Lich to b�se development p l ns.
ore tr-ined st·--tistici.:-.n o!!_ its st·:.ff at the prese;.1t ti.11e (its :.:.u�}:il e.s�
cove ri es • '
•.1l·ich cl ocked it:
popul�tion d�cmics,
i co�e,
y
e ployment,
�
�
y
..,hocking to the T�sk FGrce, �as the total
el ted ra�tter, e uall
• • • A
tr
�bo •nee of .. .ny R &. D fu. d£ iE t.1e BIA bud ·et.
b.] 'l __ l1L ic:-.c"'r 'J.11 be cou p l ted in
r is � .. rticle
\:;ditor's _1 0 te :
lie ,Jill. disclo.sG dO e incid - n t s invt1lvi 1g t.i.1e .311
t. e Mey issue.
1
. 1
�(6)
YOUNG
CHEROKEES PROT .ST
}iPHA.SIS 01�
N .,/ INDUSTRL�L SITT::
By Kimmis H e ndri ck
uf
Staff Corres�ondent
The Christic..n Science i'_oni tor
T'- hlequc.l ,
Indic:.ns
h..;"'..Ve tuo wn.ys of looking t tLe C erol-ee l'J.:� tioJ.·
here.
tric:i.l site
Ti
ey
desibned,
2.nd
ricr1
-·
�.gree
it's· h2ndso.:1e.
.J.
include of.. •
."ices,
c..n
wit1,
Okla.
ne•:I
llldus
:-:t trc..ctivel ..
beautifull/ �+ oil ted rest .ur ..nt,
service stc..:.tion.
Ulti·11.itely,
40 buildii. 6s,
cove ...�s
It
's
·.::rehouses,
e ye to tLc noter1ti.:ll of the vc:-.. c·· t:._on country
� ii�e �ot 1.
But like the rnrd 'h� tion'1, wl ich J::..:.s b1::::en onl
� courtesy term
since 1$06, when this grec:.. t Indic.. n tribe lost its sove.i:.=ie; ty, tl cse
buidings prompt ob�ervers to ask t10 �uestions:
7ill exon mic yro ress
th e r e �ill be
surrounding Tutlequuh,
deep Ii di c.n needs?
Or is stres Lig
fnilure to co;·11e to ;rips . itlt deeper issues?
re ...:.lly l·.1eet
To
mc::.ny e2._,tern
buildings,
ho:pe.
to
dedicc.ted
get c:.;1e ad.
Yet
2
rut
Cherok
ch
jobs,
youn� Clerokees
few
into
Tougher problem se�n
threw
t,1e iniddle
project.
It r.i.:tsks,
,
�
h.c°'-lJ.° y
e.
tliey su.y,
2.nd .;_,ybe
Cherokees �1 "'..VC
ounted
oout
as Ii dL.n
chief.
T:ic.
Mr.
dedic�t0d
I�.
.:.'.d
Is
site,
jobs
before,
employment,
Give
jobs to
no,.
ic
my
like n
..
ther.1
_c_ny of
re ,_rd
c..s
s � 11 se that
the
vern.1ent in
Jick t,.leir
pri.,ci:p ..... l
l iw.
the we .lt ... iest uen in
of
of th:::
even
trioe
by
.
.::i
Fr.s:.Dklin D.
is critics,
�-B
tot-.lly
1 f�nds has o�de possible the new
in rtlany cc..ses, hc"lVe
jobs to come.
policy m2inly ke1ed to
rogr�us
they cirgue,
jobs,
At the
Indi..lns v7ho,
Current feder�l
Indi""ns
c:.
t-OVcrty here in L,e Ozc.rk
as numerous Indian-initi�ted fro. ra�s,
that it is.
care
a
6
is one
and- pro.111is�ng filore
or
these
ec
';re9ident of ::;>_1il..Li�Js FetroleUi.tl
,
appoi.1 t€d chief
offering
answer to Indian needs?
as w�ll
k�eler,
m�nc�2 .�ot of tri �
Ke�ler's
onstration,
united St .t�s ;;·ppoints
pc::.rt Cheroke�,
originallf
to e.-.t,
c:-.. nytl,ing.
to
fi·_ y c.:i..n't
to Che£okee inter�sts.
industrial
never
1.
d.
tribt...l
it.
Ile is univers. l l i· desc.1.ibed,
Roosev�lt.
·
Keeler,
wc..s
He
holaa.
h"ve
President of t•.e
He �1c.p,:ens to be
Company.
._:�mocrc.tic
no
r
f
the iiidu.stri�l-site
problem the. t
toug�ter,
Indian trib .... s
fac... de
JJ1ajority,
stLnd
enJu0>
protest da
foothill.
most .. rnerican
::mlli!!ler,
[.
of the dedica.tion cere11onies.
all Cherokees ... r en' t
-...
j u st as tough,
�
c,
prob�.uly to
l.:tst
p:..y c .eeks,
People se..y the incident harJ.1-r
same tiw.e,
"�S,
cerewu1y
they me .... n
Specificc..l ly,
n10 !1 ke y w:cench,
Oklc:;.hot.:ci
w i th
econo ics only
getting it,
the
adequ ate
for the American
Indian,
rest on the e s s umption
and other :_1robh1s
will t.:i.ke
of themsleves .
DOUf!,'�t
.Sm�1e young Cherokeas described usually by their elders c:..s "mixed up"
think thet top priority should go to �etting a democr�tic�ll; �lect�d
He is reportedly bdcking · congre&
Mr. Kedler agrees.
tribal govern .. ent.
Self-govern!'.:.lent
sional move this
be
gotten on
yec..r to get it.
his terhls - ;uec-�ni11g
f.:.S
lands,
sterill.ling,
directly fro
12.ck
.1
'in 1907, made
arrangedent for
them vu.lner3.ble
1
tribe.
t;iey
Their
1.-.
.1-.nd
nd difficulties.
(Continued in the next issue.)
L
The Hhole
y fro;'i tl1erp.
L
their lc'.nds, ·.hc:n stc:-t tel ood c.:-�e
to exploit<:.. tion.
probleus h�s intensified their
th.ii k it will
anotl er concern •1hich
of self-governLlent ... s
2re slip in
due to numerous f·-.ctors,
ori gi ncl congressione..l
young critics
p rts hc..v2
..,hese
i ·t:t.ny older Cherokees in
s-ee
But l!iS
subject to �1is control.
a
te..ngle of heirship
�(7)
.
. ,
PENOBSCOT
/5
(Continued fro,.' p.:.ge
·.1:
t is the C .. urc l?
T.is
fa�
n
conve�ti
ua.
�o- e t
I
!°11c.'.t is
.2.s
tl::e
ligl. tneing
are
oe
�il�
�
T\!O ilC-ko 2.r�o sevonty five
visited ti.1e
grou�Js
guides.
i'
Univ<::rsi ty of
7it:1
re�
visited tl:e
T
c
de1 .rtue t,
10
T
wu-eu
ne ·.r
�
.
�.
.:.1 t
. i1d
tl..e
2nd
of
v cnLws
.!orld.
t:1.-m0: t
Ul.iV<.:r.::ity
to ei ..'..�'ty c.�ildr.:.n
left
··
t·ic�.
T·1�se
-. r�.dio
,
o
t�1e
2.i.1e.
buse
Iou t�:.e C�,u:cc.'..
!orld?
- nd ::;·oen..:d u
re
Visit to
1
2)
1 :00 p.
o::i.
....
tel visi.1;-
frc)ij;
;1e1 c
c_ .ilC:ral1
Isl:.nd
Indi.::.r.
d_ vid�d in to
1!
.rcH
st._ti0a,
.
23.
. nci
sevun
;.,ild
Tl!e
.::ntl_
0 · ,o lo gy
.:.griculturc:l d p rt.1eut ....nd t • .:.· 2.stro .:.i.J y 0uildii.1g.
L .d lu:·. c . . c. d visit d t!":e
,lt f ive o '.clock
orui t .J.i.�L.s.
t:.ey ratur· 2d
-, .....
to to:::ll ::.) ut tl: ir trir 2.,_,d t�-- t:iii.1gs t .. ey .A.:ld seen.
Tl is 1:::..s c.lco S�)OLlCored by s . .n. c. ' th.) S<.t.Je sroup Sj_JO! ::.orL r; t.:o tutor
·-
t�:c
... .lso
ild en
progr·
DBCO �r • .l1::::D FIV�
Sgt.
a
g
duri
Victn2....
2..
�ugenc
:;.t
To
·:1
veter.::
1
Eu
J.
e..ie
t
.i1
I;1di
L irL g,
�-
tl1e Old 'I1o:u\
fr or.
J:"'(.nc
.d
i. Vi ·ti:-...il
� c.xt
co1..i
--nie:d t.. e
duty
0-.
c
u •. it ·d St��teo tl e
�ie;J. . ds01 ,
�1 ...·.skH.
1s, 3.:�1 ·�pr
:.ill , )/30168,
�ore retur.ii11e; to t.
st-.ti
(Fro.! t.:.""
is
11,
nre
itc
•.
·is
ell ,
B-.. p. 1r D. i l r
·
- l.> ov ....
.. rti ...
l "' .)
·
Ph�SAi A1 j;
I ret
:licco .si
' .u
tl!e
o
_
ed
1 ... �
.. nd
ttc purp ......... e
'Jf the
ere
T
f...
n·
r:d
w.y
'e
:·
ver
ruy 60i...1b
i .... ..;isGi Jpi
tr
•
ice
ti ere.
DY N:- !S
'
/...sl.i_ gt on,
Iv�· ... 1e,
ioGt
Lertofilinec c(j.
c0ur .... e
.:.._Lg
-vc
1e... e sixty
f
Indi c·. ·11rio"G
1ise
c.,f
t-old
0:1e tr:.i:Jec.s fro
�'11!·'
vu.;
re
I've
... -
� ..
1:.s
fr Jl.il t.!. e
t0d.
T ... ,
e.re
Olilinea
I1dins
were
t could
ne
rt:
prove
tJ
to
c.
United St.. t0s
teri..titl��t°'d
iil
self s u s t .ining
11c:..y tl.cy ope.:- te I'm confident tl.c::t tlJ.ey
ck
•
Ui.ive .: .-� ity
Osceol"'
N
,
I:t;:)re
tl:... y go rigJ.t b
.."c
Billy
.1icconsi
t!1 c
from
e
dlieve
I
t· o
yeL.rs to
t:
.:. t
.re. t 011.:...ef o�ceol:: o f tin. Se11inol s.
I al.:JCJ v i3ited t:..: only I11diRn Cou ty in tl-o
e
pictLLe
loi.nt
1; ile tJ c-re.
Tlter
:i..
One t_ �1t
C.::r�, .L1�:.
1Jho i� t�·G di ...�cct .escend2..nt of
1._3
:.e
e t
�
P::t�r D
Ii t ·. t,.e exce Jtiol!
dif1'erent
1ere t'drt-.e •.
..:
tLc
6
I -��' .i. gton.
F.1... rid<:!.,
i pr
·.!
trc. ... tod
0f
ei'.s t
St�.te of
fr
�f i10..rcl..1.
fir_,c
1....t F.;rt
By l1or is ..::ir�.kG,
J
r .,erv'-_t_,_,
b.:>c.-,t Trib .. ,l c�w1.ruor J. 11
Leri. g, \1.�o '·� . outst� nding yuun..:;
__ n
o-f ' is Ola
c le f t .
1 i3h S c�.o .:.1 c l_s::; t· 1
ye . rs
.;o, is - c- .re�r snldier.
He s:_:-ieDt a
E.i .....
io
Cu.ctis
cxtrc
"'L
yc-.r
t
·.1 .
� e; ... :1eth
to Gov.
livtcns
y
t tl:c.. St.:-.tc l:.ouGe "1, e.i.�c t; e "i.v-e-ti. GG decorated
presontcd ·' st.:-, te fl.:[;.
it'
t e serg.2..;:.n t, .1·10 is
••
dcd Pc . . -lbsc
full-blD
fL.t.�er,
e
40 ,
Loring Jr.,
J.
brief c�
TI.. :-:s
1i ll
1,961
, ...... d
i:Ic:-.ke it;
·1.!iicl
_.nd
th e y
judging
OtJ.1er-
re.3i::rv:.tiou st�.tus.
tl10ir o.•/11 lu,.... b ... r mill .1LicJ- ewplo�rs :lpproxiaT.1ccc people l_ .v
t. eir 01111 g ov
'fhey �lL.v
tl r r� c hund ... ed Indi, .i _, � rou1:d t !e clock.
I �-:lsv visited t.i e Falllily .::;f John Lc::.rwe
er c t, their o•m Fi.1.·e Dept.
1ho iD our ViGtc..
I 1c..::::; trc ...1 te d very i 1ice by 11r f. hrs F. f. L.:r. e. Fr...u1k
is hos,_.it'"'-1 •
i: tour of
L.:lr e iG n do ct r nnd .i1e took u1c o
le visited .::. reot
tne tom.
. tour of
on
.., . LL.ruie ... . loo to o k . e
3:1 ti1c \Ly, I r�c 'd my
o.ue ruid '· d._iry f ...r.:i1 .... lEJo ,: voe .... ti,Jl .. 1 scLo�l.
.. tely
e.rti ic"'.te of .:-.cl ieve1uent
t �t
t�e U.ivcrsty of
fro
for Cout..<u11ity L.:-.: d e r 3J. l i p Devel-
�(8)
PAS .::> A� ·A\- 1 UODD Y TS .l/S
( C on t in u e d f r om
P.:. g e
)
'(
(
f-
R e c ently , I ,
c::. l o n g w i t h J o h n N i c l·· o L. s f r o• 1 t e
e r r y Re s e 1 v � t i o
�
r:c i1 t t o Lo11g I s l.:-.nd t o t <... lk t �1 t h e s t u d e !1 t s fr o 1� R o c k
"'..
eville C en te r .
nr e o� � f un d r � i s i n g d r i v e t o h e lp t h e P � s sa��q u o d i c a .
l . i s s � l a in e
)
Zir..1 e r ;::.1c:..1 � . n d i·ii ...., s Ja1:li c e S t e ib e r · :� r e c o n d u c t in t; t:1i s d r iv e .
E la. i n e s c.. i d t J : t t 1 c y � .,r i l l b e 0 1 t h o;; f v.L d r . isinci d r i v e u Li t i l tL
• .
end
of
the
s o · e one
s c '� o o l
f r o ul
..
,,re ;_.r ,
�.t
whi c h
c
ti
11
t �·i e y '· '
pr ..:: s e H t
-
,i -
the
nev
"
to
y Tri e .
I (. B t ir.1� t e t h e i:i.ill o un d to iJ e s o, e · ' l . e r e b e t "T e e2 t L r c c :'. n d r o ur t h o u
s c.. , n d d o l l<:'.. r s .
I c · 1 e, c l o s i l [:; s o 1 :1e c li l·'J.> i n ·_·s f r o . . tl e S o u t h s i d e s c l o o l
·
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3/1 5/68 ,
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t h e E d i Jo n t o n J o u rnc:-. 1 ,
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The
ab o v e
• 1i1 0 f1t:!.r t i c ipnt e d
d i s c us s i o n l e a d e r s i n t h e f ou r d a y c oL f e r e n c e i n B d � c n t �n .
s ub m i t t e d b y i lr s
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said
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OS EB lJD S I O UX I1' D IAN AC UU I 'I1'rr.D
1 9 - ye �r - o l d
¥ i l l i 2� S t � n d s ,
s t u d e n t , vrn.s
de lib e r a t e d
c h &r g e s
inno c ent
f o un d
h our s ,
f o r � e lv e
the
o f mur d e r � 1
f o rfile r Un i v e r s i t y o f S - u t h D �ko t a
The D o u gl 2..s C o un t y jur y
cl " rges . .
1:1 ur d e r
of
and
r e t urne d
2
o f V e rm i l l i on
deAth
verdict
of
j e we le r ,
inn o c dnt
Jade s
on
the
Ye � d o .
on c l 1. _ r g e s o f b ur g l.:-. r y
In
um r d e r rb r S t c. n d s .
D e c e m b e r c Yank t o n C o u n t y j ur y r as u n� b l e to r : c h � v e r i c t and Judge
T h o111as · /h i t e h <.Hk , S t ... : n d s C O J.tp ·' n i on ,
J .::u: es B :c n d y d e c l .::. r e d E _ rais t r i.:t l .
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pleaded
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will
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c hai r .
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13
and
cl 'l.r g e .
sentenced
R-mon R o u b i d e aux ,
to
in d i c a t e d
•
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o f f e r ing
is
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s ub s e q u e n t ly vv e. s
at t orn e y ,
R o s e b u d S i oux He ra ld ,
B e ui d j i B t.:-_ t e C o l l e g e
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ur�e s t e d
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C ul t ur a l a n d B is t o r i c .::.. 3: b .:� c kgr o uu d o f -,� i n n e s o t & In d i , .n s , v a l u e s y s t e
c u r r i c ulum , d r o � o u t s , i Llp r o v i n g o r � l c::n d w r i t t e n c o m.nrnn i c c:: t i or
r e l a t i o n s wi t h p�r e n t s , t e a c h i ng s t r � t e g i e s , L�d d ofil o n s t r a t i on s � r e
the
c onte 1ts
self
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of
t�is
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c ourse
•
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Re s e r v.:, t i on Ne -; s ,
Re d
Lake ,
· inn . ,
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KE N JEDY MAKE S HI T �HTH Il'IDIAr�S
for
a
F LAG S TAFF ,
whi l e
Ar i z .
(AP )
S a turd ay .
- Sen .
Rob er t F .
And he had
t ime
ing o f h i s Democr a t i c pre s id e n t i a l
Ke nne dy p l aye d the nonc and id a t e
to r e f l e c t
on wha t
campaign a l l me ans
the
exp l o s ive o p e n
in the hard
t erms
o f po l
i t ic s .
H e a t e b r e ak fa s t w i t h Nava j o chi ldren and f o l l owe d by pre s id ing over
a S e na t e
s ub commi t t e e
pr e pa r e d
to
weeks
h i s d r ive
of
i n quiry in to
the prob l ems
te l l Ari zona Demo cr a t s wha t he has
to un s e a t
o f Ind ian educ a t ion .
found
in
The n he
the grue l ing
f ir s t
two
Pr e s id e n t John s o n .
Hop i s , Nava j o s , Ap a c he s , Papago s and Que chan s l i s t ened to the pre s id en t i a l
con t end er i n a l ar g e ha l l a t Nor t he r n Ar i zona Unive r s i ty , whe r e h e s a t b e fore
a wa l l - s i z ed Ind i an rug , rapped a pen on the tab l e for ord er , and tried n o t to
be po l i t i c a l .
But he cou ldn ' t re s i s t t he temp t at ion to t e l l t he t r ib a l l e ad e r s
a n d s ever a l hund r e d p e r s o n s in t h e ha l l tha t h e cou ld b e a l o t mor e he l p f u l
t o the Ind i a n s a s a pre s id e n t than a s cha irman o f a sub c ommi t t e e on Ind ian educ a t i on • • • •
Kenne dy heard
a b i t t e r a t t a ck on
ma tr iar ch and Nav a j o
Tr ib a l
ernmen t ' s hand l ing o f
he
t o ld
t he
s t ou t ,
Ind i an ch i l dr e n is
t e l l you t h a t
the p l i gh t o f
sh akeup
t he
Ind ian s
to
" j us t
Ann ie , "
the Bureau
to make Congre s s happy . "
s aid Ke nnedy ,
s t ar ted
the
day under
300
a t tend ing pub l i c s cho o l .
The New Y orker we n t
or d e r e d and
ate
cerea l ,
who has me n t ioned
s pe e c h and has
pr omi s ed a
and
wand e r e d
Sen .
he no t i ced
the
s ome pr ivacy . "
•
•
ab s en c e
tha t h a s
of
b a c on ,
" Thi s
through
orange
juice
the
cafe t e r i a
and
l ine w i th
a g la s s o f mi lk ,
a f e l l ow sub commi t t e e member, t hen
jus t i sn ' t
s a t i s f a c t ory , " Ke nnedy s aid ,
par t i t io n s b e twe en d o rmi tory b e d s .
" They de s erve
•
c lu s ter e d around Ke nnedy a s he mad e h i s roun d s o f t he
U s u a l ly undemon s tr a t ive ,
t aken
sunshine b y
the chi ldr en .
R-Ar i zona ,
dormi tory .
Smi l ing Nava j o s
d prmi tory .
of
Pau l F ann i n ,
t hrough t he
s p arkl ing Ar i zona
Nava j o ch i l dren from t h e n e a r b y re s ervat ion are
e gg s ,
then cha t ted w i t h s ever a l
He
as
compl ained t ha t
in a lmo s t every campa ign
the gov
" I ' m wi t h you ,
if he b e c ome s pre s i de n t .
The weary c and i d a t e
and
s he
f i l l a new s cho o l
I ' m no t happy , "
vi s i t ing a d ormi tory whe r e
them ,
Ind ian A f f a i r s by an Ind ian
Ann ie T;Jauneka , who s a id
an " ou t rage . "
co l or fu l ly-dr e s s e d woman a s
t ook c h i l dr en frcm the ir home s
" I c an
the E ur e au o f
Coun c i lwoman , Mr s .
the
they l e n t
a quie t new no t e
c and id a t e from one b o i s t e rou s aud ience
to
a c ampaign
t o ano ther t hroughout
the H e s t .
(From t he Ma ine
3/31/68)
Sund ay Te l egram ,
PRE S IDENT JOHNSON PRE S ENTS
IND IAN ME S SAGE TO CONGRE S S
" The F orgo t t en Ame r i can11
TO THE CONGRE S S OF
Mi s s i s s i p p i
THE UNI TED S TATE S , March
and U t a h -
Shenand oah •
•
s t a t e s and
s tr e ams and
•
The wor d s of
Hi s my ths
and
of
our
t he
dr ama and
be tween t he
the
two
F or
Cha t taho o c he e
- Appa l a c h i a and
- t he name s
of our
l andmark s .
two c e n tur i e s ,
c e n tur i e s ,
the
t he Har D epar tme n t ,
l i t er a ture .
the Ame r i c an
His
lore co l o r s
Ind i an has bean a
1871 ,
t he
Re l a t i o n s
t r ib e s wer e or i g ina l ly � n t h e hand s
fore i gn n a t i on s .
I t ha s b e e n o n ly
c i t i z en s h i p :
crat i c
the
s o c i e ty .
Unt i l
our ar t
symb o l
e ar l i e s t Amer i ca .
he has b e e n an a l i e n in h i s own l and .
Uni te d S t a t e s Governme n t and
as
the
Indian have b e come our word s
exc i t eaen t o f
of
6 , 1968 :
Po t omac and
and h i s hero e s enr i c h our
l anguag e .
B u t for
t he
44
year s
s i nce
t he Un i t ed
the
Uni t ed
S t a te s
22
years
(Con t inue d on
the
S t a t e s a ff irmed
fu l l po l i t i c a l e qua l i ty e s s en t i a l
I t has b e e n o n ly
tre a te d
the
12)
tribe s
Ind ian ' s
for human d ign i ty i n a demo
s i n c e Congre s s ena c t e d
Page
Ind i an
the
Ind i an
�( 12)
C l <t ims A c t ,
la .d .
(Cont inued from Page 1 1 )
t o a cknot·J l edge t h e l\!a t ion 1 s deb t to the f i r s t Amer ican s for t he ir
B u t po l i t i c a l e qua l i ty and compen s a t ion for an ce s t r al land s are no t enough .
The Amer i can Ind i an d e s erve s a chan ce to d eve l o p h i s t a l en t s and shar e fu l ly
in the future of our N a t ion .
The r e are ab o u t 600 , 0 00 Ind i ans in Ame r i c a today .
Some 4UO , OOO l ive
o n or n e ar re s ervat ions in 25 s t a t e s .
The rema i n ing 200 , 000 have mov ed to our
c i t i e s and town s .
The mo s t s tr iking fac t ab ou t the Amer ican Ind i an s today i s
t h e i r t r ag i c p l ig h t :
- F i f ty thou s and Ind i an fami l ie s l ive in un s ani tary , d i lapidated dwe l l
ings : many in hu t s ,
shan t i e s ,
- The unemp l oyment r a t e among
t e n t ime s
even aband oned au tomob i l e s .
Ind ians
the na t ional ave r ag e .
is n e a r l y
40 per ce n t - more than
- F i f ty p e r c e n t of Ind i an s cho o l chi ldren - doub l e t he nat iona l average
drop out be for e comp l e t in g high s c hoo l .
- Ind i an l i t eracy rat e s are among
the
lowe s t in the N a t ion ;
o f s i ckne s s a n d poverty a r e among t he highe s t .
-
the r a t e s
- Tho u s an d s o f Ind i ans who have migr a t e d i n t o t he c i t ie s f ind thems e lves
un trained for j ob s and unpr epared for urb an l i fe .
The aver ag e age
-
of d e a t h o f an Ame r i can Ind i an today is 44 year s ;
for a l l o the r Amer i c an s , i t i s 65 .
The Amer i c an Ind i an , on ce proud and fre e ,
t r ib a l v a l ue s ;
h i s tor i c cu l ture .
n eg l e c t and
is
b e tween the po l i t i c s and l anguage of
Hi s prob l ems ,
t o rn now b e tween wh i t e and
the wh i t e man and h i s own
s harpene d by years of d e feat and exp l o i t a t ion ,
inadequ a t e e f for t , wi l l t ake many y e ar s
to ove rcome .
B u t r e c en t l andmark l aw s - t he E c onomic Opportunity Ac t ,
and S e co nd ary Educ a t io n Ac t ,
g iven us an oppor tun i t y to d e a l w i th the per s i s t e n t pr ob lems of
Ind i an .
The
t ime has
l igh t en e d Na t ion ,
by and permi t
thi s
- have
the Amer i can
to focus our e f for t s on the p l ight of the Ame r i can
.
No en
the o t he r l aw s pas s ed in the l a s t few year s .
come
Ind i an through th e s e and
the E lement:ary
the Manpower D ev e l o pmen t and Training Act
no r e spons ib l e governme n t ,
no progre s s ive p e o p l e can sit
s ho cking s i tua t ion to cont inue .
id ly
I propo s e a new g o a l for our Ind i an programs : A goal t ha t end s the o ld
of Ind ian programs and s tr e s s e s s e l f -d e termina t i on ;
a g o a l t h a t e r a s e s o ld a t t i tud e s of pa t erna l i sm and promo t e s par tnership s e l f
d e b a t e ab out " termin a t ion"
he l p .
OUR GOAL IYlUS T BE :
- A s t and ard of
l iv in g for
the Ind ians e qu a l
to tha t of the coun try
a s a who l e .
- F r e e dom of Cho i c e : An opportunity to r emain in the ir home l and s , i f
they c ho o s e , wi tho u t surre nd er ing the ir d ign i t y ; a n opportun i t y t o
move to t he t own s and c i t i e s o f Ame r i c a , i f t hey choo s e , e qu ipped
1
wi th the sk i l l s t o l ive in e qua l i t y and d ign i ty .
- Fu l l p ar t i c ip a t ion in the l i fe of mo dern Ame r i ca , wi th a fu l l share
o f e co n omi c oppor·t un i ty and s o c i a l j u s t i c e .
in s hor t , a po l i cy o f maximum cho i c e for t he Ame rican Ind i an :
a p o l i cy expr e s s e d in programs of s e l f-he l p , s e l f -d eve l opment , s e l f -d e t e rminatio n •
� today
l aunch � und ivid ed , G ov ernmen t -wide e f fo r t in th i s �'
• • • To
I pro po s e ,
1
�
ing an Exe c u t ive Ord er to e s t ab l i s h a Na t i o n a l Coun c i l on Ind ian Oppor tun i ty .
-ent who wi l l br ing .
The Cha irma�t he Coun c i l wi l be the V i c e Pr e s
-The Coun c i l
t he prob l ems o f t h e Ind ians t o the highe s t l ev e l s of Governmen t .
wi l l inc lud e a cro s s s e c t i�n o f Indian le ader s , and h igh g overnmen t o f f ic ia l s
who have pr ograms in t h i s f i e ld • • • • The Coun c i l wi l l r eview F e d er a l programs for
Ind i an s , make broad po l i cy r e c ommend a t ions , and en sure tha t programs r e f l e c t the
l
id
Mo s t impor t an t , I have a ske d the V i c e
ne ed s and d e s ir e s of t he Ind i an p e op l e .
Pre s id en t • • • to make cer t a in t ha t t h e Ameri can Ind i an shar e s fu l ly in a l l our fed•
: 9 on tinueq on Page 1 3 )
er a l pr o g r ams • • • ,
:.<
�(13)
PP.E S IDENT JOHNSON PRE SEi'JTS •
( Cont i nue d from Pag e
12)
•
•
•
The p r o g r am I propo s e s e e k s t o promo t e Ind ian deve l o pmen t b y impr oving
he a l t h and e du c a t i o n ,
e n courag ing long-t erm e c onomic grow t h ,
and s t reng thening
commun i ty i n s t i t u t io n s .
Und e r l y ing
b e s t be
as
th i s program is
t h e a s sump t ion t ha t
a r e s po n s ib l e p ar t n e r in Ind ian progre s s by
a fu l l c i t i z e n ,
But
r e s pon s ib l e
for
the F e d e r a l governme n t c an
t r e a t ing
the r e c an b e no que s t ion that the governmen t and
Un i t e d S t a t e s
have
the
Ind i an hims e l f
t he pace and d ir e c t i on of h i s d e v e l opmen t .
a r e s pon s ib i l i t y
the p e o p l e o f t he
In our e f f o r t s t o me e t
to t he Ind ians .
t ha t r e s pon s ib i l i ty , w e mu s t p l ed g e t o r e s pe c t fu l ly t he d i gn i ty and t h e un i qu e
ne s s of
t he
Ind i an c i t i z en .
Tha t me an s par t n e r s h ip - no t pa terna l i s m .
W e mu s t a f f irm t h e r i gh t o f t he f ir s t Amer i can s
exer c i s ing the ir r i gh t s
o f cho i c e and
as Ame r i c an s .
s e l f -d e t e rmina t ion .
We mu s t
s e e k n ew ways
t o r ema in Ind i an s whi le
He mu s t a f f irm the ir r i ght
to prov ide F e d er a l a s s i s t an c e
to
to
f r e e dom
Ind i an s - w i t h new
empha s i s on Ind i an s e l f -he l p and wi th r e s pe c t for . In d i an cu l ture .
And
t ha t the
f l our i sh .
we
mu s t a s s ur e
the
F or
the f ir s t amo ng u s mu s t no t be
I ur g e t he Congr e s s
The
Ind i an p e o p l e
tha t i t i s our d e s ir e and
las t .
to a f f irm t h i s p o l i cy and t o en a c t
Jhi t e Hou s e
Page
i n t e n t ion
s p e c i a l r e la t i on sh i p b e twe en the Ind i an and h i s governmen t grow and
(See
'1arch lJews l t t e r ,
th i s program .
Lynd on B .
Pag e s
14- 1 5 :
John s o n
: ' Pre s id e n t Asks P l an for
Ind ians , : i
1 7 : 1 1 Cur t i s A s k s llliH To I n c l ud e Maine Ind ians in Program ,11 and Page 20 :
" S ta te Ind i a n s
- F orgo t t e n Pe o p l e . " - Ed . )
ORTHERN CHEYENNE ' S RECEIVE GRANT FOR CO:MMU NITY BUILDING
The Northe rn Cheyenne Tribe has
received a
$300 , 000
grant under the Neighbor
hood Fa c i li ti e s Pro ram o f t h e Department o f Hous ing and Urban Deve lopment t o
he lp finance a
e i ghbo rhood Center a t Lam e Deer , Hont ana ,
S e c retary Robert C .
ac cording t o Hous ing
.le aver .
The Fede ral grant will cover three �uart ers of the total e s timated pro j e ct
cost of
<P4.00 , 000 .
Vocational
The proposed c e nt e r will contain a Community Bui lding ,
uidance Building ,
rooms and wi ll s e rve
2 , 763
and a
iultipurpo s e Building , with a to tal of
·
reside nts o f the area .
a
37
It will o ffe r a pla c e for r e c reational , educational and so cial a ctivi t i e s
f o r which facili t i e s do not e xi s t or a r e lo cated from 20 to 100 mile s away .
It
wi ll g ive the l o c a l children , young adults , th eir parents and grandparents a
pla c e to e ng age in indoor sport s , wholes ome re creational activit i e s ,
and a s o cial li fe pre s e ntlJr unknown to many resident s .
provide a Day Care Cent e r fo r the
( From
Indian Re c orq,
i s Roland Clay ,
9,
U.S.
children of working mothers .
Dept .
o f Indian Affairs ,
ent e rtainment
Thi s facility will als o
Harch
1968 )
APACHE MOVIE STAR
s on c f �1r .
and H rs .
Felix Clay,
Canyon D am ,
Fort Apache Indian
Re s e rvation ,
Ari z . , who will c o -s tar with Gregory Pe ck and Eva Harie Saint in the
He was s e le c t ed
movie ' ' The Stalldng Moo n , 1 1 a suspens e drama s e t in the le s t .
from four Apa che Young s t ers who we re s creen-t e s t ed in Hollywood la s t D e c embe r ,
and has alre ady b e en " on loc ation" in the Valley of Fi re ne.ar Las Vegas , Nev . ,
as have 3 1 memb e rs o f the Jhite Mountain Apache Tribe who play supp orting role s
in the
film .
�( 11+ )
DIOCESE DIRECTOR O F INDIAN SERVICES APPOINTEM
( 1'he following letter was sent the three Tribal Governors , and others c oncerned ,
by Nei l D . Mi chaud , Adminis t rative Director of the Diocesan Bureau of
Human Re
lations Seri c e s , on April 1st . - Ed . )
As you know , His Excellency , Bi shop Peter L . Gerety, DD , has expre s s ed a
s incere des ire to a s s i s t your tribal people in whatever way possible .
Through
his pers onal interest s everal dioce san-sponsored programs have resulted , such as
last summe r ' s volunteer unit and currently the health programs .
Dental servi ces ,
c amping , educati onal and other programs are now underway .
Since November , 19 6 7 , the dio c e s e has recruited for a profe s s ional person
who c ould s erve as Coordinator for the se dioc e san�spons ored servi ces .
Obviously
the task is now more than can be handled by my o ffi c e .
An Advi s ory Counc il , made up of the Tribal Governors , Pre sidents of Parish
Coun cils , Pre sident and Di re ctor of Community Action Program, Chaplains , Sister
Carita s and the Commi s s i oner o f the State Department o f Indian Affai rs , met ·with
me s everal time s for day long s e s si ons to review the quali fications of the candid
ate s who applied for this post and then personally interviewed five who met the
requirement s .
I am happy to announce that with their c ouns e l , the diocese sele cted Mr .
Louis L . Doyle a s Coordinator o f the Bureau ' s Divi s ion o f Indian Servi c es .
Mr .
Doyle i s a graduate o f Boston Unive rsity where he re ceived his Bachelor ' s Degree .
He then completed his Maste r ' s Degree in Education at Harvard .
He has had several
years of experi ence as an educator and more recently served as "Dire ctor of a
Community Action program in Kentucky .
Both the Bishop and this Bureau believe .Mr . Doyle ' s primary obje ctive at all
times shall be to serve the Indian communities .
This obj e ctive can �e reached.
only if the Indians are continually involved in the planning of s ervi c e s which
are to be dioc e s an sponsored .
We would very much appreciate an opportunity to
formally introduce Mr. Doyle at your next Council me eting .
This would enable
us to review his dutie s with your pe ople .
·
�VIGWAM WEEKLY NEEDS HELP
The \l'ligwam Weekly, whi ch really is a bi-monthly , needs help !
The Wigwam Weekly i s a four-page mimeographed newsletter whi ch is put. out
each month by J ohn Larme , of Wi s cons i n , a VISTA Volunteer who is assigned to the
Indian Township Res ervation at Princeton .
The current i ssue includes teenage
news , CAP and Boy S c out note s , a readers ' forum, and a variety of news and notes
about the a ctivities at Princeton and Peter Dana Point .
Pre sent ly there are 50 subs cribers , many of them not resident s of the reser
vation , at one dollar for six months for 12 i s sue s .
Since it costs $8 to put
put an i s sue , the wigwam weekly ne eds your help .
One dollar s ent to J ohn Larme , VISTA Volunteer , Box 212 , Princ eton , ·Maine
04668 , will bring you the newsy Wigwam Weekly twi ce e a ch month and will give
J ohn a big boost in his e fforts to a s s i s t and inform during his VISTA time in Maine
( From . Maine OEO News , Augusta , Vol . I I , No . 2 )
MICMAC NAMES OF THE MONTHS
J anuary
February
March
April
May
June
-
Boonamooe-goos
Abuguna j i t
Segow-goos
.Punadumo oe-goos
Age s e -goos
Nibune -goos
July
August
September
October
November
December
Upskooe -goos
Kes agawe -goos
Maj owtoogwe -goos
Wegawegoos
Skoois
Ukchegoos
( Can
any of our
readers provide
a translatiion
of these names? )
�(15)
GRANTS TO BANDS PROGRAM
The Canadian Ind ian Affair s Branch has been operat ing a communi ty s ervice s
I t i s des igned to promo te and as s i s t
program for appr ox ima t e ly four year s .
the social deve l opme n t o f Ind ian commun i t ie s acro s s Canada .
Among the service s i t prov ide s is a financial gran t s program to aid Ind ian
Band s in the ir own admin i s trat ion .
To give some idea of the populari ty of
this program , the co s t r o s e from $ 6 6 , 8 9 2 in 1 9 6 5 - 1 9 6 6 to an an t i c ipated co s t
o f $ 54 9 , 000 for the 1 9 6 7 - 1 9 6 8 fi scal year .
Wi th the s e
The ide a i s t o deve lop s e l f -government wi thin the Band .
gran ts i t i s hoped t h e Band s w i l l be ab l e to emp loy and deve lop ind ividua l s
of good cal ibre who can t ake over the admini s trat ion of Band affair s under the
d irec t ion o f the Band Counc i l .
The program i s a l s o geared to enab le B and s t o take over programs such as
we l fare and the admin i s t rat ion o f fund s currently admini s t ered by the Ind ian
Where Band s are wi l l ing and ab le t o. take over
Super in tenden t in the s e ar eas .
thi s re s pon s ib i l i ty , tran s fers of the funds can be made dire c t ly to them, for
depo s i t in the ir ac coun t .
'
Band s hand l ing thi s money are making d e c i s ions that would o therw i se be
made by the Branch .
I f the Coun c i l wishe s , gu idance is avai l ab le in the p lan
However , it is the Band Coun c i l and no t the
n ing and exe cu t ion of de c i s ion s .
Branch that i s re spon s ib l e for the fund s used .
(From The Ind i an New s , Ot tawa , On tario , February 1 9 6 8 )
I ND IAN WOMAN ON WARPATH FOR DOGS
GROTON , Conn . (UPI ) - The s tate may have a figh t on i t s hand s if i t
tr i e s t o prosecute i t s c laim tha t the We s t�rn Pequo t Ind ian Re servat ion i n Led
yard is goin g to the dog s , a coup le of un l icensed canine s named " To o t s ie " and
" S andy . "
Mr s . E l i zab e t h "Grandma" Plouffe , a fu ll -b looded Pequo t Indian , s howed
up in Cir cu i t Cour t here Fr i d ay to answer charge s of own ing un l icensed dog s .
lhe case was con tinued un t i l Apr i l 5 to give her at torney t ime to r e s ear ch the
prob lem .
" The s t ate wan ts me t o pay taxe s , g e t a l i cen s e ,
B u t Gr andma was ad aman t .
We ' re no t supposed to pay any tax e s or l i cen s e
I gue s s , for Too t s ie and Sandy .
Thi s u p s e t s m e terr ib ly . "
money .
Mr s . Plouffe wa s arre s te d earlier this mon th at the reserva t ion by S ta te
D og Warden S teven Brown .
She s aid Friday she thought he should be arre s ted
for trespa s s ing on Pequo t land .
(From the Port land Evening Expre s s , 3/ 2 3 / 6 8 )
IND IAN CORN
"We have j u s t re
le t ter to the Utah F i s h and Game Commi s s ion began :
Your
ceived your 1 9 6 7 d eer hun t ing pro c lma t ion and are very exc i ted about i t
deer hun t ing pro c l amat ion shows that you have d ivided the area into s everal
hun ting are a s ; mo s t o f t hem are apparen t ly devo t e d to deer of e i ther sex and
some have buck-on ly d iv i s ions
We no t i ce bower that you have opened s e c t ion s 23C , 2 7C , 230 , 2 2A , 28C
N� i ther does i t advi s e
I t does no t say whi ch sex .
and 28D for Ind ian hun t ing .
general l i cense permi t s
u s whe ther i t ' s i n con tro l permi t s or
Plea s e
P. S .
D o you have any re s tr i c t ions on the Ind i ans hunt ing u s ?
send u s a copy o f t h e hun t ing order s you s e n t them . "
(From Spor t s I l lu s t�ated , 2/4/ 6 7 )
A
•
•
•
•
• • • •
•
•
�ir 1;r E �\%;� 1r � ' � ,;.::1
�
1/,
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INDIAN RESERVAT IONS BOND ISSUE
At the June 17th Pr imary El ect ion , vot ers in Maine will be asked to express
their opinion on three referendum qu estions . The first of these is :
nSHALL THE STATE PROVIDE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MODERN IZATION OF SCHOOL
FAC IL IT IES AT THE THREE IND IAl RESERVAT IONS AND CONSTRUCT WATER AND
\I
SEWAGE FAC IL IT IES AT INDIAN TOWNSH IP RESERVAT ION IN PR INCETON BY
ISSU ING BONDS IN THE AMOUNT OF $384 , 000 , PASSED AT THE SECOND SPEC IAL
SESS ION OF THE 103RD LEGISLATURE? "
This is the f irst t ime in the history of Maine that there has ever been a separate
bond is sue quest ion pertain ing to the stat e ' s " f irst c it izens " - the Penobscot and
Passamaquoddy Indians - and we hope that you and your friends will give t his their
most serious cons iderat ion .
If approved , this bond issue would provide $249 , 000 to the Stat e Dept . of
Educat ion for the construct ion o f clas srooms and mult i-purpo se ( l ibrary , cafet eria ,
et c . ) rooms f o r the 3 Reservat ions' s chool s , a t t h e Pleasant Po int , Indian Township
and Penobscot Res ervat ions . A c cording to Educat ion Commiss ioner William T . Logan ,
Jr . ' :
"Th e s e fac il it ies are c r it ically needed , s in c e the buildings pres
ently in use are overcrowded , unsafe , unsanitary , and generally not
suitable for hous ing s chool children . They are actually some of the
poorest school fac il it ie s in the ent ire Stat e . "
,
This s chool c onstruct ion would make po ss ible new kindergarten programs , provide
space for adult educat ion cla s s e s and night study-hall s , eliminate pres ent over
'
crowding and redu c e the currently h igh t eacher/pupil rat io .
The r emaining $13 5 , 000 in the bond issue would provide the Dept . of Indian
Affairs with 30% of the cost of construct ing adequate wat er and . s ewage fac il it ies
for tho s e resident s of the Indian Township Reservation l iving near Princeton . The
remaining 70% of such cost is available from the Federal government , if the Stat e
share is approved .
Indian Commiss ioner Edward C � Hinckl ey has stat ed :
110f the approximately 25 buildings in this area of · the Res ervat ion ,
hous ing some 100 Tribal membe�s , only 2 homes have indoor bathroom
fac il it ies . Provis ion of an adequat e , suitable potable wat er supply
and waste dispo sal system is a c r it ical prerequis ite for hous ing pro
grams currently be ing init iat ed by the Tribe and badly needed . in this
area . "
( Cont inued)
�ture :
Following are some pert inent quotations from test imony to t he 103rd Legisla
11This is t he mo st v ital t hing , I think , that we can do if we are
going t o claim we are doing something for the Indians . :
I t h ink
the e ducat ion of the Indian is what we all feel will improve their
lot . 11 ( S en . Herald J . Beckett , R -Washington County )
•
• •
"You and I , I bel iev e , have both a moral and legal respon s ibil ity to
provide the min imum amount s reque sted in this bond issue . We must
not , now or ever , in our act ions as c it iz ens or legislators , neglect
to provide a bare min imum of l iving and educat ional fac il it ies for
underprivileged c it iz en s in our stat e . This is sue , to me , is an im
portant is sue and not to be t aken l ightly . "
( S enator J . Hollis Wyman , R-Washington County)
" I think we should real ize that this is about the only chance t hat
the Indian Reservat ions in ashington C ounty ( and Penobs cot County )
Let ' s let t he Indian have
will be able to get really what they need
an opportunity to have a bond is sue out t here with t he rest of them. "
( S enator Peter J . Farley , D-York County)
• • •
Other legislators spoke as well ; the bond issue pas s ed the Senat e 29-0 and the
House 122-7 .
Governor Kenneth
M.
C rt is , speaking of the bond issue , said :
" If state government - and I mean the legislat ive as well as execut ive
branches - is go ing to represent it s elf as conc erned about the educa
t ion of our young , I don ' t see how we can ignore the dismal plight of
our Ind ians , not only because t hey have to attend the poorest s chool s
in our stat e , but because they al so liV.e under the most trying c ircum
stance s pos s ible . The State o f Maine has the pr ime re spons ib il ity for
improv ing the l iving condit io�s of our fellow c itizens res iding on res
ervat ions . I hope that all Ha ine legislators and c it i zens will use their
vo ice s and t he ir vot e s to meet our respons ib ility to our Indian children . "
Because of your previou sly-expressed int erest in Indian affairs , this mat er
ial is being s ent to you in hopes that you will bring it to the att ent ion of your
assoc iate s , on behal f of the Pas samaquoddy and Penobscot Indians of Maine . Thank
you for your att ent ion .
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Indian Towns hip
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Governor John Mit chel l
Penobs cot Res ervat ion
�( 18 )
FUTURE MAINE IND IAN LAWYERS?
Last month 1 s N ewslett e r , o n Page 6, de s c ribed the s e co nd year o f a spec ial
pro gram offered by the Univers ity o f New Mexi co .
The pro gram, supported by
s c ho l ar sh ip s , is int ended fo r Indian student s who have completed at le ast two
ye ars of co llege and will consi st o f an eight-week "pre-law" program , b eginning
June 17t h .
Suc c e s s ful student s who have complete d their under-graduate college
e du c atio n can b e c o n s idered fo r entrance to law s cho o l as regular student s in
the fall, with cont inuing s cholar ship as si stance .
Applic ations for the summe r
progr am will also be a c c epted from Ind i an stud ent s who have graduated from college
dur ing the past five ye�r s .
The purpo se of th e progr am i s to en courage Indi an s t o enter law s chools and
to h e lp them
bt ain this obj ective .
.
In early Apri l , Maine 1 s Ind i an Commi s sione r Edward Hinckley r e c e ived letters
from Unive r s i ty of New Mexico Law Pro f e s so r Fred eri ck M . Hart and from Dean Edward
S . Godfrey o f the University of Maine Law School in Portland .
Prof e s sor Hart wrot e : 11We are mo st intere sted in · attracting student s from
all are as o f the c ountry and I would greatly appre ci at e any h elp that you could
give us in publi c i zing . thi s pro gram in your state . "
Dean Godfrey wro te : "We are willing to part i cipate in the program to the
extent o f re commendi ng a full tuitio n s c ho larship for a qu al i fi ed Indian who has
gone through th e New Mexi co summer program and who i s accept ed for admi s sion at
th e Uni ver si ty of Maine Schoo l of Law. "
Although complet io n of the N ew Mexi c o program by an appli cant do e s not , in
itnelf,
(
guarante e admi s s ion to th e University 1 s Law Schoo l .. or to any Law School,
)
fo r t h at matter ,
th e t�n
lett e r s take n t o gether indic ate that a Maine Indian
college s tudent , wh o is othe rwi se quali fied ,
should be abl e to b e come a lawyer
If there
with the e xp e nditure of co n sid erable ·hard work but very little cash.
are n• M ai ne Indian colle ge stud e nt s pr e s en t ly eligible fo r the se opportuni tie s ,
perhap s the y may b e fo und in futu re years - the
o
ortunit
i s availabl e .
Las t summe r 1 s pro gram i n New Mexico accepted 1 8 Indi an student s
i ng 13 Tri b e s
).
repre sent
Nine o f the se 18 were e li gible for Law S chool achni ssi o n last
September and 7 were a c c epted and are now regular law student s .
YOUNG PASSAMA�UODDY SAYS
LACK OF COMMUN ICATION IS IND IAN STUMBLING BLOCK
by Kent Ward
PLEASAN T POINT - Wayne · Newell i s 26, arti culate and Indian .
Early in his
li f e whi c h began i n a mo de st home o n the Pas samaquoddy Ind i an Re servation here
in
he de cided he wanted t o some day make a living in t elevi sion and radio .
1942
To p repar e him s el f he spent long hour s in fro nt of an old phonograph - his mvst
pri zed po s s e s si o n .... practi cing " di sk jo ckey. "
The pers erver an ce pai d off .
Aft er graduating from Shead Memorial High
School at Eas tport he b e c ame one of the f ew members of his tribe to go on to_ col
lege .
A year at Ri cker Colle g e ,
Houlton, was fo llowed by a p eriod at Emerson
Colle ge , Bo ston, a training ground for t ho s e interested in entering the communic
ations fie ld .
Be c au s e of his poor eye s i ght , the young ?ass amaquoddy knew he
never c ould b e come an c;umounc e r .
So h e t rained as a te levi sio n cameraman and
hired on l't-th a Bango r t el evi sio n statio n .
Th e work h a s b e e n rewarding and i t h a s helped rekindle in Newell a conviction
effective �orking rel ationships b etween Indians and ·
that th e chief barri er to
non-Indians
is a la ck of communi c ati o n .
So Wayne Newell is about to go back
home t o wo rk wi t h hi s people as a repre s ent ative o f th e Ameri c an Fri ends Servi c e
Commit t e e , 1 a non-profit Quaker organi z at i o n active i n pe a ce and race relations , .
as well as pro g r am s o f so ci a l and t e chni cal a s si stanc e .
( Continued
o n Page
19 )
�(19 )
(
1$)
Continued from Page
H e will wo rk mainly with youth, trying to s e ll them on th e im _ o rt an c e c f
a t le a st a high s choo l educ at ion .
Seventeen young Passamaquoddy youth s att end
She ad Memori al High S cho o l in Eastport ; another seven attend Prin c eto
n Hi gh
Six are e nro lled in elementary s choo l at Eastport
Schoo l .
wh ile anothe r
attend Princ eton element ary s choo l s .
Ind i an parent s have
he option of s e nding
the ir chi ldr en to elem e nt ary s c hool on the reservation s o r to publ i c s choo l s out
side , with the stat e paying the tuitio n .
- Be c au s e o f crowded co ndition s at th e r e s ervation s chools
more parent s are
oking toward Ea stpo rt and Pri nc eton elementary s choo l s to f
fill their young
ste r s ' educ ation need s .
However, th ere are not too many Wayne Newell ' s o r
17
t
ui
1
George Wi seman 1 s , an Indian youth who graduated from Princ eton High S c hoo l last
year and i s now attending St . Francis College , Biddefo rd .
of th e
Mo re than
Pas s am aquod di e s attending high s chool drop out befo re graduat io n , o ne Downea�t
edu c ato r e st
at e s .
Mu ch o� t hi s h as to b e blamed on the pe rmi ssive attitude
on t:1e part of too many parent s , he says .
If Johnny wants to dro p out , he dro p s
o u t , and no t t o o much parental ob j e ction i s vo iced .
Wiseman i s t he f i r s t Pati s a
maquoddy to g raduate f rom Princ eto n High S choo l since the e arly
s.
90%
:ini'
But ther e ' s a r ay o f hope s hining _ through,
1950 1
s ays Princ eton Supe rintendent
" I can se e a d ifferent at titude in the s e c h i ldr en over five ye ars
Philip Ro s s .
ago whe n I f i r st c ame here , 1 1 he says , " and hope fully we c an b reak thi s cycle • • • • 11
He c redi t s the improv ed atti tude to the inauguration o f an adult edu c ation cour s e ,
anti-poverty and self-help progr am s , and th e influence of c hurch group s w:::i rking
on th e re servat ion s .
Al though Irrl ian youngsters may attend school anywhere i n t he st ate ,
too many stray f ar from the r e servation .
John Bap st High S c ho o l , Bango r , last fall .
not
Three Passamaquod di e s enrol le d at
But they soo n g ave in to a combina
tio n o f home si ckne s s and s tiff academic requi rements and are among th e seven
Indians now attending Pr in ceto n Hi gh .
We are all pretty proud
"Our b ig fe ar i s that we will lo s e our identity .
that we are Ind i ans wi th a de finite culture , 11 Wayne Newell, who r e cently took a
" I am
"Fi rst , I am an Indi an, 11 he continued .
non-Indian b ri d e , po int ed out .
not go i ng to lo s e my i d e ntity and b e come a pet of a non-Indi a'.n.
to give
the
I am not .
me . 11
I don ' t want
impre s sio n that I am bitter against non-Indi an communitie s , b e c ause
I
ju st want my identity and don 1t want anyone to take it away f rom
Newell do e s n ' t hold any brief for tho se - like ex- Indi an agent Arnold Davis
o f Jonsebo ro - who f e e l that Mai ne Indi ans were better off und e r the juri sdiction
of the State Department of Health and Welfare than under the fledgling Indi an
The c hief role of Ind ian a gent s under th e fo rm e r setup , h e
Affair s Departm ent .
charg e s , was s imply t o di spense welfare to Ind i ans - handout s th at were admin
Later in an apparent
i stered by men "who di dn t t have a feeling for the Indi ans . "
co ntradi ction he prai sed the late Hiram Hall, a Pa s samaquoddy Indian agent for
many ye ars, by acknowledging ,
come t hi s f ar • • • • "
" If it hadn ' t b een for him I po s sibly w:mldn ' t have
The Dep artment of Indian Affairs is o nly two year s old and it • s hard to
" But for th e first
a s s e s s i t s c o nt r ibut ion at thi s point , Newell beli eve s .
time some co nt ro l is b e ing given to Indi an s so they c an do something fo r them
I think a lot o f
selve s ins t e ad of for ev e r being known as wards of the stat e .
Wh o want s to b e known a s a
do thi ng s fo r themselv e s .
people a t home want to
ward of the s t at e ? "
Continuing , Newell blam e s the s t ate " fo r no t h aving an
Irx:i ian Department e arl ie r , and some Ind i an s for not re alizing that there is a
11
whit e wo rld around us and w e h ave to adj u st .
In 20 ye ars h e pred i c t s "you are go ing to see that Indians will be inde
Ad
ing for them e lv e s and no t depe ndent upon the s tat e • • • • 11
pt.ndent pe opl e c
d any in furthe ring
mitting that divi sive factions in tribal poli tic s h ave not h elpe
Cont inue d o n Page
�
;
(
20 )
�(20 )
YOUNG PASS.AIVl.AQUODDY SAYS •
( Continued from Page
19 )
• • •
the c ause o f the Indian, Newell points to v arious anti-poverty programs now i n
for ce o n t h e reservations a s a po s si ble salvation .
Community Action Program
( CAP ) whi ch h a s sparked a rrumber of pro j e c t s such as s ewing clas s e s and Scouting
pro gr ams
11fo r the fir st time is totally Indi an.
I t hink Indians want it , and
th ere is a no te of optimism i n tne air.
Something is h appening down there (on
the r e servation ) , 1 1 Newell point s oui;. .
In addi tio n, a revival of int erest in Indian lore is t aking pla c e thanks
to Eastport b arber Joe Ni chol as and other o ld er Ind i ans .
Young Pas samaquoddie s
are b e coming more aware of their heri tage . · "A lo t o f people expect miracl e s
150
but t h e y a r e no t going t o get them .
What h a s taken t h e st at e
years . to de s
troy you c an 1 t build up in two or three ye ars .
The state ' has to c arry
per
cent o f the bl ame , " Newell emphasi z ed in a r e cent interview.
,,
75
That vi ew has be come prevalent among the Pas s amaquo ddi e s in the last few
year s sin c e Eas tpo rt attorney Do n Cote sworth Ge llers has been ri ding hard o n
th e civil rj ght s i s su e while preparing a l aw suit f o r
million against the
C:o1 ru11ou wealth of M a s s o.�hu s etts, charging violation of a
treaty - a tr eaty
whi c h Gelle rs c laims the St ate of Maine has continued to violate since it broke
away from the Bay State in
$150
1794
1820.
Acco rding to Newell, Ind i ans are "very optimi stic " about the outcome of the
law suit .
1 1 Let it be b rought to tlie court s , and hopefully, true justi ce will be
served, " he comment ed, adding, of Geller s , " I think he ' s barking up the right
tree • • • • "
Th e resolvi ng o f the suit in favo r of the Indian s would go a long way
toward eliminating the d i s crimination which Newell charge s exi st s in r e spect t o
Indians i n Washington Count y .
"People h er e i n Mai n e t alk ab out discrimination
against th e Negroes in Mi s si ss ippi but we have it in Washingto n County with the
Indi ans in j ob opportuniti e s and other are a s .
That turns me o ff .
If we are
go iri
.g to be Ameri cans we should all h ave th e s ame right s and privilege s, 1 1 he de
c lared .
Let non-Indi ans und e r st and one thi ng , however - the Indian doe sn ' t intehd
to be a s s imil ated i nto a white so ci ety, as an answer to the so-c alled Indian
"p roblem . "
" The majori ty of Indians don ' t want to live in a white community .
What Ind i an s want mo s t is to g et rid o f d eplo rable living condition s , " the young
thinker po int e d out .
It mak e s him angry wh en non-Indi ans ch arge Indians with
exce s si v e drinking and " judge us by a few alcoholi c s . "
Drinking on the re serva
t io n s i s a pro b lem, he a dmit s , while pointing out that the pro b lem is no t unknown
in white communit ie s .
" Th e drinker s , by and l arge , d on 1 t wo rk and they give the
r e s t a bad name �
• • • "
Wayne Newell is an angry - b ut c ert ainly not unreasonable - young Ind ian
abo ut t o go on the warpath agai ns t t h e ills whi ch he re ali z es permeate hi s society.
Hi s war clubs in h i s new job do wn o n the r e s ervation will be education and an in
bo rn desi re to do s omething to b etter the lot of his people .
To p araphrase the hai r toni c commercial - Wayne Newell came back .
in t ruth, h e r e ally neve r left .
(From the Bangor Daily N ews,
But,
4/10/68.
This was the fi nal article i n a
The fir st article fo cus e d on the views o f a
three-p art s e rie s by Kent Ward .
the s e cond on the
fo rmer Indi an agent , M r . Arnold Davis of Jo ne sboro
ide as of Maine ' s Commi s si o ne r of Indian Affai r s , Edward C � Hinckley
Next month t h e N ewsletter will r eprint a fourth article by Kent Ward , whi ch fo cus
es on the opinions of two more Pass amaquoddy Indi an s from Pleasant Point , now
(4/8/68) ;
(4/9/68) .
working in Bangor - Mr . Raymond J. Moo re and Mr . Peter Mit ch ell . - Ed . )
OFFICE OF E CONOMI C OPPORTUN ITY
Indi ans o n Federal r e s erva
p e r c ent o f th e
programs are n�w r eaching
Mere than
tio n s , a c c ording to outgo ing · . . · OEO di rector Sargent Shriver .
trib e s are carrying -out planning programs with OEO ai d .
80
400, 000
100
�MAINE I ND IAN
NEWSLE TTER
Freepor · , �1; i n e
Pine S tree t
Ob · "3 '2
NEW SUBSCRI PTION POLICY
EFFECTIV E JANUARY 1 , 1 9 68
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Beg inning in January , the f o l lowing
sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s wi l l be charged
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for a 1 2·month sub s cr ip t ion to the /
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MAINE IND IAN NEW SLETTER
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- FREE
Non- Ind ian (Regular )
$ 2 . 00/year
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(Contr ibu -:ing )
$ 5 . 00/year
"
( Suppor t ing)
-$ 1 0 . 00/ye ar
(Life't ime )
- $ 5 0 . 00
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I f you are a NON-I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , fi l l o u t and s end i n the sub s cr ip t ion s l ip (be low ) W I TH the appropr iate amoun t .
Your sub s cr ip t ion
wi l l beg in with the next ava i l ab le
is sue af ter your sub s cr ipt ion is
r e c e ived .
The addr e s s labe l s ind icate the s ta tu s
of your sub s cr ipt ion . . " I-F" me.an s
" Indian-Fre e . "
The abbreviat ion of a
mon th (JAN) i s the t ime - next year your sub s cr i p t ion fee wi l l again be
� � !ill,! � !!!, ind ividual
due .
expira�ion not ice , !2 � �!
-:- ---- -- ----�-- .. - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - ... .. .. . .. _ .. _ __ .. _ _ _. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .. _ _ ., _ _ _ _ .. _ __.. .. . .. .. _ _ .,. _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ .
I wou ld l ike to rece ive regu l ar month ly i s sues of the Maine Indian News let ter :
NON-I ND IAN·_
DATE
_
ADDR ESS
S ta t e
Z I P Code )
INDIAN__
TRIBE-------
( S tre e t , or Po s t Office Box )
(Ci ty
�----�----
AMOUNT ENCLOSED : $
_
__._
_
_
_
Sub s cr ip t ion rate s : Ind ian -0- ; Non-Indian - $ 2 (Regu lar ) , $ 5 {Con tr ibut ing ) ,
$ 10 ( Support ing ) , $ 50 (Li fe time )
·
Send t h i s s l i p , with your sub s cr ip t ion charge , if app l icab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSL E TTER
Pine S tr e e t , Freepor t , Maine
04032
- - - - - - - - - - - ...- - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Don ' t forge t your ZIP Code !
-.. �------ - - � --� ... .... -
..
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Pine
BULK RATE
U .S.
Str eet
F r eep• r t ,
Maine
14
POSTAGE
3 . 6¢ PAID
32
Freepert ,
Maine
Permit N• . 33
ADDRE SS CORRECT ION
REQUESTED
L ibr ar y
Co lby Co l l e ge
ge
C o lby C ol le
04 90 1
in•
Wa ter v i l le , Ma
JAN
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (April 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1968-04
Contributor
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Julia Brush
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MAIN-......
IA
NEWS L
VOLUME
2, NUMBER B
?--� 1
FRID Y - SATURDAY - Stni'DAY
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TTER
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July 12 - 13 - 14
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SECOND Af-i"NUAL NE
ENGLIND
IND IAN
POWWOW
Circle 9 Ra nch, Rte. 28, Epsom, New Hamp shire.
All Indians and Hobbyist's are cordially invited
to attend the 2nd Annual New E ng la nd Indian Powwow.
Here, you will find
a beautiful woodland glen, set aga inst a backdrop of green mountains.
The s_acious grounds provide an area with more than ampl e space for
parking and camping. Also, all facilities are available on the
premises.
PROGRAI'-I:
A vast variety of activities await you.
There will be the
lar gest and most beautiful Tipi V illa ge in the entire East, Art & Craft
workshops, Indian Foods, Indian D a ncin g and Sones. Also, many articles
Only merican
for sale, which have been handicrafted by Indians.
Indian made goods lill be offered for sale. There ·.Jill be Powwow
dancing of all types and the music will again be sup�lied by:
"THE h i'D ICI JE DRUiv1 SINGERS & DANCEl.IB OF NEW YORK"
Continuous activities until early morn.
CAMPING:
Tipi's and tents may be set up beginning Friday, the 12th,
a fter 10 A.M.
All tipi's will be grouped in the village area and all
other type tents will be located in an adjacent area.
Campers will
sup ly their own bedding, food, fuel, etc.
Good housekee�ing � ill be t�e direct responsibility of each and every
camper. Motels, Resturants, Groceries and other stores are within
easy reach. There wil l be a food concession on the grounds operated by
our gracious host, Clyde Joy.
PRIZES:
This year the prize money has been more than doubled and more
categories have been added to make this year's Powwow more attractive
to all participants.
4th
2nd
1st
Traditional Dancing:
'
Senior
Junior
·
20.00
io.oo
10.00
5.00
5.00
3.00
(Cont'd on page 2 )
�. .
' •
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2 -
�
... :
I
(PO"Vlf"VOW, Cont'd from page 1)
Fancy Dancing:
lst
Senior
·20. 00
Junior
. 10.00
Women's Dancing: All 10.00
Tiny Tot' s:
All
10.00
Tipi Contest
25.00
·
2nd
lo . on
5.00
5.00
5.00
20.00
.
3r d
5.00.
3. 00
3.00
3.00
15.00
4th
5th
10.00
5.00
'
-1968 NEW ENGLIND INDIAN DANCE CRAF IO ISliIPSRibbons will also be awarded along with the prize money. Also,
an added attr�ction, for all, who work many months making their own
Indian regalia: AN INDIAN STYLE SliOv, which will include the following
categories;
Eastern Men and Women's and Nestern Men and Women's.
For Reservations or
Information, write:
N. E .P . A.
P.O. Box 47
N orth : eare, N. H. 03 281
Sponsored by the:
N ew England Powwow Association, Inc.
Deering-P.o. Box 47
North Weare, N. H. 03281
v
..
.A.
-
J�
COMM. H INCKLEY EXPLAIN S CUTS IN Il\JDIAN SERVICES
Commisioner Hinckley held a meeting at St. Ann's School in Peter
Dana �oint to explain what the cuts in Indian services were and why it
was necessary to make t�mpo�art cuts. In brief, these are the cuts made.
Effective on March ist.
1. No collect calls at the Indian office.
2. :1'bmilk deliveries.
No clothing orders·.
3.
No prescriptions or visits to the doctor's office will be paid.
4.
5. No transportation to the doctor' s office will be paid.
Hinckley expalined that these cuts were necessary because the Dept,.
of Indian·_,Affairs has only $30, 000 to last it till July when a new fisca.
year begins. The Department didn't have enough money because of these
no guidelines on how the money was t o'fil.e spent, uneocpecy d
three reasons;
!
repairs, and the increased cost of medical sup�lies. From now on, Indian
fund money will be doled out.in the form of budgets which.will be set up
for everyone getting assistance from the Department of Indian Affairs.
Thene is a chance that some services will be restored when the
next fiscal year begins in July.
(From the Wigwam Weekly, Indian Township, l\iaine, 3/le.;l.68)
NEWS FROM ALASKA
'
Howard Rock is an Eskimo from the tiny village of Point Hope, Alaska.
He was the first person from his village to attemd college. After four
years at the University of Washington and a short career as an ivory
carver, he went home to Point Hope to find his.people worried about gov�
ernment plans to explode an atomic bomb to make a harbor. He helped .
(Continued on page 6)
�(3 )
nDIA1'1S 0
JARPATH IN DAY STAm COURTS
by ·Ti l liam Ui l liams on , aine Sunday Te leg:ram
and Uobert L. Turner , Boston Sunday Globe
_
On Chr i s tma s eve , 1 7 76 , George Was hing ton warned the· Passamaquoddy Indians
never to " turn your hearts aga ins t me and your bre thren of this count�y. 11
After
1 74 years of poverty and hope l e s sne s s , Maine ' s Pas samaquoddy Indians are on
the warpath again.
The 600 Ind ians are a.1 1 tha t is left of the once powerful
Passam aquoddy tribe which used t o own a big chunk of northern and eastern Maine .
W i t h the aid of two lawye rs , the Indians have fi led a court s uit s e eking
more than $150 mi l lion ca s h and other damag e s .
Their legal coun s e l i s Eas�port
at torney D on C . Ge l l ers , who has been working more than five years in prepara
t i on of the law s uit .
To try the case, Gel lers has enlis ted the aid of Bos ton
la�'1}7er John S . o t toml ey , who served as an a s s i s tant Massachus e t t s a t t orney
genera l under Edward Brooke , no� a U. s. Se nator.
Gel lers has tried for
severa l years to make Mas sachus e t ts of ficia l s l i s ten to h i s argument .
He even
visi ted the office of Edward l
Brooke when he was at torney general.
His e f
fort s were frui t l e s s un til he con tacted John S. Bot tomley .
Ge l lers and Bot tom
ley worked ou t the sui t filed Friday in Suffolk County Superior Court.
D uring the American Revolution , no l e s s . a revo lutionary than Gen. George
·ashing ton ca l led upon the Passamaquoddy tribe to aid the col onie s in the ir
ba t t l e for ind epend ence.
They responded to the ca l l and are credit ed wit h a
number of victor ie s over the Eng l ish .
Eu t after the Revolu t ion , a l l wa s no t
peace and harmony b e tween the Ind ians and their white neighbors·, and by 1 790
i t became obvious tha t previous agreements were insufficien t to ensure good
re lations .
The resul t was the treaty of l 79l� b e tween the Ind ians and the
state of Mass achu s e t ts .
In those days , Maine was mere ly a d i s trict of t he Bay
Sta te .
Und er i t s t erms , t he Ind ians were g iven 15 islands in the Schoodic (nmv
St. Croix ) River ; the Ind ians als o re ta ined a 23 , 000-acre township near Prince
ton; 10-acre Lewey ' s Island facing the towns hip; 100- acre Mencass Point ad j oin
ing the t ownship; 1 50-acre Pine Is land , off Nemca s s Point; and 10-acre s on
Pleasant Poi n t in Perry .
The treaty a l s o a s s igned to the Indians fishing
"rights on both branches of the St . Croix River and perpe tua l right s t o u s e
Subse quen t
a SO-acre s i t e near Lubec a s a mee t ing and :'sit ting down" p lace .
to the treaty , in 180 1 , the Mass achus e t t s General Cour t de eded an addit ional
9l} acres at Ple a s an t Point to the t'ribe , giving the Ind ians jus t over 100 acre s
there .
The on ly exce p t ion to Indian sovreignty_ on the s e land s was a tre aty
st ipµlat ion that Massachu s e t t s cou ld take "pine tre e s fit for mas ts" from reser
vation land s .
The Ind ians were to be paid for any such tre e s taken.
A l l o ther lands previously considered by the Ind ians to be theirs went
to Massachuse t ts und er the treaty - mi l lions of acre s comprising wha t is now
·7ashing ton Coun ty , and most of Hancock and Aroos took Counties.
Massachuse t ts recognized tha t thi s massive land l oss by the Ind ians severe
ly l im i t e d the ir ability to pursue their trad itiona l means of gain ing a l iving .
So the treaty included a further boon.
In re turn for g iving up their land s ,
the Ind ians were promi s eq everlast ing support.for themse lves and the ir he irs.
Massachuse t ts agre ed t0 provide each year the tribe ' s necessi t ies .
That was
in 1794 and t hat's whe n a l l of the present trouble re a l ly began .
In the first p l ace , the 15 i s land s deeded to the Ind ian s didn't b e long
to Massachuse t ts.
They'd b e en so ld the ye ar before to one Wi lliam Bingham .
Also , a f te r the tre aty had been rat ified by the Genera l Court , Massa
chusetts began al lowing non-Ind ians to cu t timber from reservation land s , whe t he r
And they were never
"pine trees fit for masts" or not , the Indians cl aim .
paid for any of these t imbe r los s e s , they add .
In add ition , the suit claims , the Ind ians have never see n a penny of the
$37,471.03 g iven by Massachuse t ts to Maine in 1822 to e s tab l ish a trust fund
for them.
Added to this sum is ano ther $30 , 000 paid by Massachuse t t s to Maine
(Conti nued on Page 4)
•
_
�(4)
( Continued from Page 3)
t o a.�ow t he new s t ate to honor the 1794 treaty obligations.
In 1819 the
Hassacimse· t t s General Court approved the crea tion of the s ta t e of Maine via
a Compact o f Separa t i on .
Among i t s many o ther provi sions, th9 Co�pact states:
11The new s tate s hall a s s ume and perf orm a l l t he dut ies and ob l ig a t i ons of this
Commonwea l t h t oward s the Ind ians, whet her t he s ame ari se from treat ies or
o therwi s e . "
I t add s t ha t Maine mu s t "obtain t h e a s s ent o f said Ind ians and
t heir re lea s e t o thi s Commonwea l th o f c laims and s t ipulat ions ari s ing under
t he treaty ex i s t ing w i th said Ind ians . "
Thus Maine agreed to a s s ume all
trea ty ob l igat ions and t o get a release from the Ind ians freeing Mas s achuset t s
from any further res pons ib i l i ty .
Ma ine d i d nei ther .
A l t hough i t d id ob tain a release from the Penobsco t s
and s igned i t s own trea ty w i t h them, n o such re lease w a s ever go t ten from the
Pas s amaquoddy tribe .
The Pa s s amaquod dies d id no t approve the trans fer and
t herefore feel t hey s t i l l have a l e gal cl aim again s t Mas sachuse t t s .
Having p laced t he $30 , 000 from Mas s achus et t s in i t s general fund, Maine
then faced t he prob lem of meet ing the support ob l igat ion it had agreed to
��s"me.
Naine came up w i t h such fund s by leas ing out timber-cu t t ing righ t s
o n Indian re servation land s, which t he Ind ians claim was i n d irect vio lat ion
of t he 1 794 t reaty wh ich Maine had vowed to honor .
Mas s achuset t s happ ily
s o la off Nemcas s Point and Pine I s l and to a non-Ind ian wi thout any compensat ion
to the tribe .
Maine· sold o f f. parce l s o f t he 23 , 000 acres at Ind ian Township, t o t a l ing
1
7 , 9 60 acres, to non-Indians and tod ay about 30 ind ividual s have t i tle to t hese
land s .
About 2 , 9 70 acres o f t he township have been flooded and submerged
b y dams bu i l t in con j unc t ion wi th non-Indian logging operat ions on the reser
vation.
The Ind ians a l s o cite vio lat i on of their trea ty lagds in o ther way s .
Alt hough mo s t o f the a l leged trea t y violat ions were comm i t ted und�r Maine ' s
aus p ices, the tribe c l a ims t ha t Mas sachuset t s, as the party t hat made the
1 794 trea ty, is legal ly res ponsLb le for all i t s woes .
Had Maine ob tained
a release from t he Ind ians freeing Massachuset t s from i t s treaty ob ligat i ons,
t he Bay S tate wou ld be in the clear , at lea s t s ince 1820.
Bu t no release
was ever ob t ained .
By far t he l arges t port ion of the monetary claim agains t Massachuset t s
i s contained i n a s ing le i t em - t he $34 , 4 71 fund t ha t Mas s achuset t s set as ide
in 1822 , t o cover "a l l deb t s, annu i t ies and Ind i an s ub s idies or claims due by
t he Commonwea l t h . "
Since it was a tru s t fund, the Ind ians say t hey are
And
ent i t led no t only to the s um i t sel f b u t to compound in tere s t as wel l.
s ince 1822 , the orig inal $37 , 4 71 f igure would be worth in exces s o f $150 million
t o day ,at a 6% inves tment ret urn rat e .
Shou ld Mas s achu se t t s l o s e t he cas e and be held l iab le for mult i -mill ion
d o l l ar damages, there seems l i t t le doupt'tha t Maine in turn wou ld f ind i t sel f
S ince Ma ine agreed to accep t all of Ma s s achuset ts 11 ob l igat ions
in cour t .
under t he 1 7 94 treat when it became a s tate, t he Bay S tate can c laim improper
Alt hough Maine can
act ion by Maine i f the Ind i ans win the current cas e .
claim s ovreign immunity in a case agains t t he s t ate by the Ind ians, i t can ' t
Mas s achuset t s can sue Maine for
d o s o i f Mas sachu s e� t s wan t s ·to bring s u i t .
d amages in the U . S . Supreme Cour t .
Alt hough the comp l a int f i led Friday in Suffo lk Coun ty Superior Court
d oesn ' t name s peci f ic d amage amoun t s , it is po s s ib le to put a fairly close
These w i l l probably be aired when
d o l lar va lue on a number o f i t s claims .
the cas e i s being argued.
It i s rel iably reported tha t t he Ind ians w i l l s eek $500 , 000 for t he i s
land s they.iwere promi s ed i n t he treaty, even t hough Ma s s achuset ts had already
s o ld t hem at treaty t ime .
They p l an t o s eek ano ther $1 mi l l ion for lost f i shing righ ts; about
$2 mi llion for t he 7,960 acres o f reserva t ion land s o l d to non-Ind ians by
(Con t inued on Page 5)
�(5)
Maine; and
(Continued from Page
$1.5
4)
million for the lands submerged by non-Indian lumber operations.
They'll ask principal and compound interest on the $2,486 taken from
their trust fund by Maine and given as damages in the case naming them as tres
passers on one of the St. Croix River Islands.
That would come to more than
$400,000.
Lost hunting rights are named as reason for damages of about $750,000, and
another $400,000 will be asked in damages for the loss of voting and civil
rights the Indians claim.
The tribe is also seeking a court ordered accounting for the loss of timber
from reservation lands as uell as an accounting for the loss of gravel taken by
It is also seeking an accounting of the $30,000 that Massachusetts
the state.
gave Maine in 1820 to compensate the new state for its obligations to the Indians.
In all, the total damages being sought by the tribe range betw·een $150
and $200 million dollars.
Although some of Maine 1 s Indians are too overwhelmed
by the magnitude of the case to grasp the effect a legal victory could have on
the tribe, John Stevens, chief of the Indian Totmship Reservation, re.mains un
perturbed.
Stevens smiled recently when asked ho·J he felt about the upcoming
litigation.
A long time ago ·we sold Massachusetts a
"I feel damned good about it.
Fe think they 1 re going to
1hole lot of real estate, and they never paid us.
have to now.
r/e may lose, I lmow that, but we don't think we 1 re going to.
And
if we win, well that'll be the end of a long wait for us, arid we'll begin to
This
ay ue should've been able to for the last 175 years.
ork the
live and
is the first real chance He 've had, and 1e're thankful for it. u
Bottomley said Saturday, 11I have great confidence in the fairness and ob
jectivity of our court system and
I
think the record is clear that there has been
He said he knew
a consistent breach of contract over a long period of years."
the amount of money involved would ma{e the case a political issue but added
that he is 11nai ve enough" to believe that the amount would no t affect the court's
decision.
The Passamaquoddy tribe will have to tvai t a :-Jhile longer before it learns
the fate of its venture in the courts.
But the waiting is different nou, be
cause it is accompanied by hope.
Further action
in
the case has been put off until May 27, when Massachusetts
Attorney General Elliot L. Richardson
suit's allegations.
(Fran
lri.11
be required to file answers to the
the Boston Sunday Globe, 3/10/68, and the Maine Sunday Telegram,3/10/68)
INDIAN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN SEEKS HOUSE SEAT
EASTPORT -
Sen.Herald J. Beckett of Eastport will seek the Republican
nomination in the June Primary for Representative to the Legislature.
to represent the towns of Eastport,
Perry,
He hopes
Robbinston, Charlotte, Meddybemps,
and all towns nort of Indian Township to Danforth.
(Under the reapporti�nment
act paf!Ed by the 103rd Legislature, the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Vot
ing Districts are also included in this area. - Ed.)
As a senator in the present 103rd Legislature, Beckett was chairman of
chairman of the Committee on Liquor Control,
the Committee on Indian Affairs,
a member of the Sea and Shore Fisheries Committee and a member of the .Committee
While a member, he presented a bill which removed all
on Engrossed Bills.
Beckett presented another bill regarding
He is credited with playing a large role in saving from
defeat a bill authorizing a bond issue for minimum improvement on sewerage, san
itation on one Indian reservation and improvement and additional school class
tolls from Jonesport-Beals Bridge.
district court costs.
This bond issue will be voted
rooms on all three Maine Indian reservations.
(Bangor Daily News, 3/22/68)
on at the June 17 Primary Election.
�(6)
( News from Alaska, continued from page 2)
org ni � e a protest which stalled the palns. He saw fron that experience
that his people needed a newspaper. Communication was difficult because
of the great distances in A laska. So, with some financial help froru a
doct.or in Massachusetts, Rock started the Tundra Times.
Now the Tundra Times, published weekly in Fairbanks, is thriving.
! t has been in strumental in uniting the Eskimo, Indian, an d Aleut peoples
in A laska, and in getting them representation in the State Legislature.
More than anything, the paper reflects its con stituency. It is a rare
chronicle of an old and gen tle civilization attempting to cope with new
an d strange problems .
To a distan t observer, the paper is quaint, but the problems are
real. Even the desire for progress isn't un aminous.
" School, school, school, " a reader from Nulato, Alaska, complains,
" that's all I ever read every time I pick up your paper
We need some
thing more than schooling in our villages, cold storage, water well, in
stead of throwing money away for schooling. Too much schooling is no
good; you get too smatt for nothing and lazy. You live longer if you
use your muscles like me."
Tundra Times, Box 1287, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99701, 25 cents per c6py
$8 a year by regular mail, $19 by airmail.
(From the Villa�e Voice, New York, 3/14/68)
•
LAW
•
•
•
SChOOL SCHOLARSHIPS
FOR INDIANS
Special scholarships in law are being offered to A�8rican Indians
again this year by the University of New iexico.
The UNM Law School is presenting, for the secon d year, the Special
Scholarship Program in Law for American Indians. The pror.ra: will
Students
consist of an eight-week " pre-law" pro8'ram, beginning June 17.
selected to continue in the program after the sum1 er session will enroll
in law school as regular studen ts in the fall.
The purrose of the program is to encoura�e In dian s to enter law
school and to help them obtain this objective.
Students selected for participation will receive substantial
scholarship grants. Each studen t selected ill be awarded a tuition
scholarship, travel Lnd book allowances, and a grant for living
expenses.
The amount of the gran ts rlill depend u�on the student's need,
but it is anticipated they will range from $1,000 to $1,500 for the
eight-week sur1:liiter session, and from $2, 500 to $6, 000 for the academic
year.
The great n eed for Indian lawyers is evidenced by the fact that
there are no Indian s practicing law in either lirizon a or New l1�exico
even thougp the Indian population of the two states is probably close
to 200,000.
It is ho··ed that the New Mexico program will attract Indians who
are presently in their third or fourth year of college, those who will
graduate this June, and individuals who have graduated during the past
five yea.rs.
Since the :program has no prescribed college pre-law program,
students majoring in an y subject are eligible.
Last year, in the first year of the program, 18 applicants repres
sen tin g 13 tribes were accepted for the summer portion. Seven of these
were undergraduate students who had not completed undergraduate work.
Of the 18, n ine were eligible for law school last September, and seven
were accepted an d are n ow regular law students. Those interested in mak
ing application should contact Professor F.M.�art, University of New
Mexico Law School, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106.
�07)
E D
THE
INE IND I N
EDITOR:
I T 0 R I
A L
S
NE�vsLETTER
Eugenia (Thomas) Thompson
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the follot ing addresses:
Pine Street
news items
Freeport, Maine 04032
opinions
or
statements
Mary Yarmal
stories
Plesant Point Reservation
ideas
Perry, Maine 04667
jokes
or
cartoons
Morris Brooks
information
Indian Township
recipes
Princeton, Maine 04668
hints
or
memos
Carol D ana
remedies
Indian Island
suggestions
Old Town, Maine 04468
complaints
gripes
predictions
THE HORSE IS STOLEN, NOv� WBAT
•
•
•
You' ve heard that expression of putting tlje lock on the door, after
the horse is stolen. We would like to apply this expression to the recent
fire that occurred on the Pleasant Point Reservation. What this means is
the fire equipment w as made ready after the house burned down.
Mary Yarmal, our reporter from Pleasant Point, and her six children
were left homeless following the fire which was caused by a•flooded oil
(See story on page 17.) There was no volunteer fire company at
burner.
Pleasant P6int Reservation. The nearest one at Perry,�2� miles away took
an half-an-hour to arrive, and the volunteer fire company at Eastport
took 45 to 50 minutes to arrive.
The pump truck from Perry, failed to function properly. The hydrant
failed to function bee use it was clogged with mud and debris.
I �as present at the hearing at the State House, a year ago, and
heard Louis Jalbert, Rep. from Lewiston, assure the Indian governor that
the fire fighting equipment could be obtained from the Civil D efense
with no problem. This alternative was given when Mr. Jalbert explained
that appro� iations ould not be approved as requested by the Commissioner.
In the present case it is difficult to find any one person�to blame
for what happened. Everyone is to blame.
Perry obvi0uAly lacks pride in keeping its fire equipment in proper
shape. Eastport feels no compulsion to respond quickly to an out of town
call. And a fire hydrant filled with mud? I don't know whose fault this i·
I haven't heard any complaints over the past year from the Indians
failing to obtain fire equipment. But·tbe problem was jµst as serious
at the Penobscot Reservation in Old Town where less than a year ago, a
tragedy occurred because the Old Town fire coi.1pany did not arrive in time.
SeverRl of the Indians present at the time were certain it could have
saved a child's life if they had their own equipment.
(Continued on page 8)
�(8)
(Cont�nued from page 7 )
Why didn't they have their own equipment?
Because Health and #elfare
officials took it away, and gave it to the Old Ta1n fire cmpany several
years ago, telling them that they did not need tl•is equipment and that
Old Town was close enough to do the job.·
There are many federal, state programs to help with tribal problems
but you can keep pulling rabbits out of a hat only so iong
If this
necessary equipment cannot be obtained from any of these programs then
the reservations should �eel compelled to raise the woney theLlselves if
necessary to obtain the equipment. Many small communities throughout
Maine have done just that and have not pad�tb pay out· a·grcut
gr.
deal of money.
In other words,. many problems becume evident during this last fire,
and it should be clear that the Reservations can no longer depend upon
outsiders for help in meeting such emerg�enciese
It' s time we thought
about getting some of our own equipment even though it means sacrificing
in some other areas.
Perhaps then future tragedies can be prevented.
•
•
•
c.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Gentlemen:
Pertaining to the Maine Indian Newsletter, I would appreciate receiv
ing the regular monthly issue.
I came from Peter Dana Point, Princeton, Maine. I live here in
Cambridge, Mass., with my two children and my darling wife.
On the reservation, I am better kno�n as,(flamin g arrow) or
(War Cloud) . Here in �1ass, I work, and play sports on my spare time,
sports such as Golf, Basketball, Boxing, Track, and Hurdles, and also
three trophies, one from Box ing, one from Track, aand one from Hurdles.
The Maine Indian Newsletter, (to 1e) , will be of great help to
LY people in the near future. Thank you.
Dennis Tomah
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
Enclosed a money order for the Indian Newsletter.
We all enjoy reading it very much, keeps us informed on what�s
going on at the three Reservations.
My son s.v,.c. Francis J. Nicholas arrived from Viet Nam. He has
been on voluntary duty for• lB months, normal duty is 12 months, he' s
a Special F orces man, We thank God for his safe return.
No more milK. No fuel.
I read Mr. Edward Hinckley gave an order:
No more medication or Dr. Bills will re paid.
How can one Man give such an order??
I read in the January Newsletter th�t he, Ur. Hinckley told the
LegiRlatnrs and State Officials, he would let the Indians decide where
the cuts shall be made. He said, quote " I plan to l et the Indians
they are the ones who are going
decide where tl1e cuts shall be made;
to be hurt.
Hurt we will b e, for the poor. I remember two cases, where a man,
Noel Francis, a woman, Mrs. Myra Dana, died, because they has no author
ization from the Indian Agent. They were not admitted in the Hosp�tal.
I am afraid the same will happen now, if no one isn' t allowed to enter
the hospital.
What' s happening in our Reserve�reminds me so illUCh of what hap;ened
in 1943. �Jhen Hitler gave �n order to the thousands of Jewish prople,
to take steam baths, instead of steam baths, they �alked (naked) illen,
women, and children into the gas ch�Llbers.
(Continued on pa�e 9)
�- 9 (Continued from paGe e)
I al00 believe we :01ade a very serious 1<Iistat:e 17hen we transfered
from Health and �elfare to Indian D e� artment.
ve have never been dei;rived of � 1edicati o n , fuel, etc before.
;
e jumped from the frying
pan
in�o
the the fire.
I could tell
hr. Edward Hinckley where the cut should be wade.
Cut his salary and
his staffs, and he should let the Govervor £nd Council (Indians) decide
where the cuts shall be made.
In his own words, we ar� the ones who
will be hurt.
Yours truly,
Nrs.
r.1argaret A.
S L,ring
Lake,
I\icho·las
l.'1. C.
Sirs:
Your
attention is called to t1e followi11g
ap1eared in In<lian Voices,
wint�r
1968,
p.
announcement
which
)0.
"A bill has r.Jcently been passed by Congress and
signed by the !-'resident ·which
financial aid to local
is designed to
are students w.ho speak another language than
in the home and whose
give
school districts where there
"nglish
fauiilies have a low incm.!e.
Specifically,
this pro�ram
up
in both English and the native langua0e.
curriculu
Anyone inteJ.�e ted in
ar-a and
write to:
nho wants
ill �id schools in
setting
this program for their local
ore information about it should
Dr. Samuel L.
Stanley
Office of Anthropology
Smithsonian Institution
.:./ashington,
D. C.
205601 1
Sincerely yours,
viillard ·Valker
Dear Sir:
flease
-
-
-
.
Sgt.
Princeton,
send the
11l•aine Indian Newsletter•·
to S/Sgt 11.J.
Lewey is the son of Delia hitchell of fhe Strip,
and is now stationed at Long Benh, South
t aine,
Lewey,
Vietnam.
enjoyed receiving the Newsletter while we, were in the
Canal Zone, and I know he will ap1reciate continuing to receive
Than!'- you.
news from home during the coming year.
·_1e
f.'irs.
H.J.
Leuey
(The
following letter is from Descendants of Aillerican Indians of
N.H.
Inc.
Dear
It regards the
announcement on par.e one of this issue.)
1rs. Eugenia Thoillpson,
Sago:
.11uch and vrnuld like to
I have enjo3ted your Newsletb.?r v_ery
As you are probably aware, the
anticipate the swap�ing of news.
.E. �owwow we ran in ii;psom, N. H., last sumuer was highly success
co ....1in6 year.
As
ful and plan �ven a bigger and better one this
there
is
no Indian Reserves or even a BIA
(Continued on
page
10)
here in N.H.
I
was very
�- 10 (Continued
from pa�e
9)
surprised to find so many );eople here from all
so many various tribes.
Jviany of our
85
over the country and of
members are from Old Town,
P .E. I. , and even a full
an electronics engineer in 1�anchester.
With your approval, I would like to subwit, to your newsletter
a
brief history of our group for some future issue.
If, this would
a reeable, please advise me and feel free to send us any news you
vould
�
like to cover this area and I
1iil make certain it is in our �onthly
newsletter.
Tulooded Navajo,
who is
b;
Find enclosed my subscription and fee for the 1968 year; even
though entitled to a free subscription, I know one cannot continually
operate out of ones own pocket forever or spend hours out selling adver
tisement
to cover
costs.
Sincerely;
I
Oneh:
Hagewa •/illiams
(Editor's note:
Our readers may look_forward ·to reading about the above
organization in a future issue.)
Dear Editor;
I am writing in reply to helen
Miss Ross claims there
ago.
Ross's letter of a couple of months
H.
illore concerned in this
·She is perfectly right.
generally known."
Cox and i'.ir.
''is
',·fillia1"lson,
·
ihose articles she
is�ue th�n is
She· also sug;;,l.:!sts that Iir.
port and get
so ... e facts
•11 ,
"Go to F.ast
not facts.
26th of !Ugu�t,
began.
places
nut 1ber of
of
occassions
�ublicly and
as an authority on Maine's
he wrote
about
Indian issues.
and other
regards to this
he has been asked to speak
articles which
has
last couple of years hnd
He has also travelled and called many other
facts.
all over New England in
Furthermore,
actually
a11d the hvo ?assawaquoddy
Mr. Williamson has been to ::'astport
many
She left F.astport the
before the is�ue she r_fcrs to
a full week
reservations a good many tiraes in the
gathered many,
in her letter,
she,
However,
she says.
stated only vague insinuations,
should
clai:jJS to have read,
go to E astport and find out more about what is concerned.
privately on a
One series
Indians.
India.ns for the I"iaine Sunday
the
!�l �_g.!:.�.� nett<;d hiiil an i1.1portant nreos award.
I have also been to Eastport and ?leasant Foint.
The third night
of my firot visit to Nashington County was quite an experience, in fact.
I was rudely a ·akened by state
the home of the
police officers who had
fa,".iily whose guest
illegally entered
I v;�,s for the weekend.
Three days
I wrote a letter to Governor Curtis and the Chi�f of State Police
I was promptly promised
and requested an investigation of the matter.
later
immediate inve�tigation with
an
more than six
But
A
letter to
second
the
notification of
personal
I have
months later
governor
received
no results
and a
personal
visit
headquarters in Augusta have been fruitless in
satisfactory answe�,
by
If
although
I am
i1Jiss Ross is
not mistaken,
County De>11ocratic Committee.
I
a
wonder how
apr·ointment of a Republican to repl.:tce the
herself
like
both
once
belonged
position,
and
and the
governor.
she
11)
olice
.Jashington
f els abot1t the :._;overnor' s
late �ir.
co�
S::,.rague,
a Democrat
ittee to which she
D on Gellers, _a Democrat,
repeatedly urged his ap].ointment to the
on page
·
getting a coillplete and
former :ne;:;ber of the
The very
unanililously sup,_.orted Lr.
(Continued
whatsoever.
to st�te
I was twice interrog�ted at great length
police officials.
state
its results.
position.
for the
�- 11 -
(Continued from page 10)
kiss Ross asked �eter Cox in her letter
'Do you question the integ
rity of Gov. Curtis and tile State Police?it
v'� ell, if thec.e things aren' t
enough to make anyone question it, I' 11 re1r.ind her of sor.1athi
ne, else
she must remember reading in one of iir .'Hlliarason' s c;.rticles or hedring
on the radio or seeing on television.
I was disruis�ed fr� my teaching job t�o days after my
first
appearance as a witness for tbe defense in the trial bf Daniel Bassett
et al vs. the State of i'i.aine, as the reoult of a phone call
from the
state attorney general's office in hugusta to hlY em�loyer. That phone
call was made the day fallowing my court ap1;earance.
iss Ross does que.stion tLe integrity of Lr. Ge llers, the Indi<J.n!s
attorney in the Bassett' case and the tribal lcind suit against the State
Is he 11working for the Indians or for hii11self? " she queries.
of l'laine.
It it's for himself, it is certainly not for financial or political
gain. The only c.lyraent the Passai.1aquo.:ldies Gt.re able to mak e hiru for,
his services is an occasional load of firewood, ince the state govern
m en t refused the tribe the use of its own trust fund money to pay an
attorney in their land treaty case.
h.nd wit,J the refusal of the
g overno r to appoint hiw county attorney, �r. Gellers is certainly not
profitin p o liticall y .
iss Poss feels a lot of disreputable �eople are to be
Ap,arently
found in the cowpany of i"r. Gellers, although she •.oesn' t coii1e rir,ht
out and say it. I have been to his horae and office any nuwber of times
in the 1 st six months, including my last leave fro� the military when
"'Y ·1 ife and I spe nt four days in Eastport.
I have met quite a nui.iber
of p e o p le t ere, but none "who have followed Lr. Gellars to Eastport"
and I felt "ric;)ht neii:,hborly toward them" as iss Ross -�.uts it. The
neople I met there \ere mostly long-ti1e residents of Eastport �nd
e rry, ! Jaine.
In fact,
The point of hiss Ross's letter was not very well taken.
it w s not even very clear. It see11ed to be just a vague slur against
the efforts o f attorney Gellers and those who habe been reporting,
quite eqitably, I think, his efforts to urrt9-ngle the legal problei,1s of
the Fassa· aq uo d l1 y Indians. I think she is the one who ha...:! better "go
back to li'ast,J or t,
et some iacts, and quote both sides faitly. "
If she is unwilling to, J,erhaps it is just as well that 11.ugust 26 rnarked
the end of her residence in dashington County.
Sincerely yours,
Robert S. Howe, Air�an, USAF
( hare recently �1r. rtowe sent us another lettdr which also has much �erit,
is self ex p la n a to r y and follows. - d. )
•
Dear F,di tor:
In view of the fact that the Indian la11d treaty case has come
in court already and because of the o�her recent development which
out
you
reply to ti; e
doubt aware of, I feel it be...,t that I retract IJ.Y
by 1elen Ross of a nu�ber of weeks ago.
The timing of the recent incident bet".1een Don Gellers and the
It' s too bad
utate ,olice w as too significant to be coincidental.
that state officials and people like Miss Ross have this event to use
as fuel for their fires which are a lr e a d y trying to burn all the bridges
asoa1.iaquoc.ldies. Ho�?efully the lcind
of ..JrO[,ress 11ade by and for the
treuty case will not be da,naged by Geller' s arrest.
I will leave it to your discretion whether to puolish my reply to
the Ross letter, but in view of the c*rcumstances I feel it would be
( Continued on u ag e 12)
are no
lett�r written
�- 12 -
rather ineffectual.
I would like a subscription to the Newsletter
Robert S. Ii.owe
•
•
•
Thank you.
•
(The following article taken from The Portland �ress Herald on 3/12 /68,
explains the incident referred to in Mr. Howe's letter above. -�d.)
Indians' Lawyer Held
On i" arijuana Charge
Augusta(AP) - Eastport attorney Don Cotesworth Gellers, 31, and hlfred
Cox, 35, were arrested at Gellers' ho 1e 11onday afternoon, state police
reported, on charges of possession of marijuana.
The arrests were ;.,_ade by r.;1et.1bers of the state l_)Olice Bur12au of
Criminal Investigation, state headquarters at Augusta said.
The men were taken before Judge John !1. Dudley in District Court
in Calais but were not asked to plead to the charge.
Dudley ordered arraignment held before him i arch 19 in District
Court in Machias.
He set bail at ::..2 , 000 surety or ·r;,500 cash for each defendand.
Gellers poste 1 bond and .,.,as released. Cox was t...:i.ken to the vashing
ton County Jail in Machias.
Gellers had no statement to make regarding rhe case excer;t to say,
" I aw innocent."
Gellers has lived in Eastport about five years and has been devoting
much of his tirne to representing the Passai;1aquodcly Tribe of Indians in
legal affairs.
Last Friday he filed suit on the Indians' behalf against the
Commonwealth of Lassachusetts in Suffolk County Superior Court in Boston.
The suit claims damages for alleged violation of treaties concerning land,
water and timber rights.
Gellers also is defense counsel in a pending Washington County
Superior Court case in which several Indians are accused of assaulting
Counterchar.-es of �•olice brutality and unlawful search
a state trooper.
were made in the case and are under state investigation.
The state police said the arreots of Gellers and Cox followed an
i nvestigation that lcisted several weeks.
Assistant Atty. Gen. Daniel r. Lilley of the attorney general's
criminal division, said in Augusta that the rolice also seized at Geller's
home 11a substance. which we believe to be marijuana."
He said it would be analyxed by a state chemist.
·
LAND CLAIMS
�ome Ind�ans under Federal jurisdiction have been awarded $33.5 millien
by the Indian Claims Commission during the past year, we learn from
t he Rosebud Sioux Herald. -Ed)
·Six other groups, awarded in 1965 and 1967, are waiting for their
claims to becoille final. They may get nearly $2 1.4 mil�ion pending appeals
or other legal action,. the BIA report said.
Of the ne�rly 855 million granted, $15.3 has been ap�ropriated by
Congress.
T he report said the appropriAted funds e2rn interest for the tribes
involved while they wait for final Congressional action and the pay-off.
As of Jam. 1, the Indian ClaiTlls Comt;iission had granted 100 awards
$2 25.4 million.
totaling n�arly
(Continued on page-13)
'
·
�- 13 ( C on t inue d
12 )
f r om page
A �a r ds
1967
1967 i n c l u d e d :
gran t e d in
12 , 2 50 , 000 8 , 500 , 000
6 , 700 , 000
3 , 500 , 000 8 9 9 , 408
7 7 1 , 441 6 9 5 , 564
136 , 165 33 , 2 62
E a s t e rn
-
·
i s s i s s ippi S i o u x
( s i x awa r d s
f our g r o ups ) .
for
S p okane .
-
C o l v i ll e .
Sac
-
and F ox .
Ki c ka p o o .
S ac
-
and F o x .
S n o h omi s h .
/ea
-
Awa r d s
or
e s c a l e r o Apa c he .
( Pe o r ia ) .
1965 + 1967
1967 b u t
in
1965
in
g r an t e d
1 9 66 :
and
2 , 094 , 57 3
o t a � a t omi .
S a c and F o x .
965 , 560
935 , 000 - T o r t h e r n } a i u t e .
15 , 6 90 , 000 - N. Fai u t e .
773 , 1 3 1
i a ru i .
6 33 , 193
Io a .
171 , 89 6
P e o r ia .
not
f inal :
-
-
-
1966
A ·1 a r d s gr n t e d
S 4 , 4 3 1 , 622 -
F la t h e ad .
2 , 450 , 000 1 , 037 , 414
11 , 5 1 1 11 , 3 94
4 , 4 7 9 , 4 98 -
C o n f e d e r a t e d T r ib e s
C re ek
-
the
o f O r e gon .
a t i on .
i c kapo o .
I owa .
Utes
( in
t he C ou r t
I n d i an s C la i1us C ommis . i o n ' s
of C l aims
b e c ause
F A I R V.r1. LUE
}" o s t
t he
U .S .
so
o f t h e c la ims a r e f or fair v a l u e
o r t ake n b y t h e g o v e r nme nt i n t h e
f r om t h e
N CA I
R o s e b ud S i o u x
O f f i c i a l Pr e d i c t s
C o ns t i t u t i on a l
�ak e r s o n the
This
it
go e s
this
ing
the
is
in t o a
I nd i an
in
19 6 8 .
f r om
word
I n dian
of
a
to
R os e b u d ,
I n d ian R igh t s ,
hu n t i ng a n d
may b e
So .
fishin
the
R i gh t s
past
1
at t
me r i c a n
to
se s si on .
ill
"It
H o us e
t ak e
r
Be lindo
he
-
-
als o
o b j e c t ion a t
h un t i n g and
and
c r is e s
1968
Issues .
t r o ub l e - ·
fac ing
t h e Na t i on a l C on gr e s s o·f 1�u1e r i c e.. n India n s a s
m o r e in d i v i d ua l and t r iba l r eL1b e r s h ips in
j ob
ahead ,
a c c or d
t.
po
onal
n t i o n t o t h e � r v i n Omn i b u s B i l l t o gi ve C on s t i t u t i
t pa ss 0 d t h e � e n a t e a t t he c l 9 3 e o f t he
I
I n d ians .
a
gr e a t
o f Repre s e n t a t iv e s
ye ars . "
3/11/6 8 : )
Dakota
righ t s ,
ma j o r
s tat e d .
t o ge t
u a utpai gn
c aLJp a i gn
be fore
to
c e de d
lan d s
T r o u b le A s Ma j o r
o r gan i z a t i o n .
calle
�as p e n d i n �
t h e B IA r e p o r t
pa s t ,
� C A I Exe c u t i v e D i r e c t or John Be l i n d o s e a s a b i g
He
N . �.
e r a ld ,
r e s e r v a t i o ns - - t h e s e
I n d ia n s
Ame r i � & n
r i gh t s ,
it
bir th . )
s a id NC
I
bas
said
N C .A I
is
t his
t ime
to
deal
of
a n d s i 11, n e d
led
the
H o rk t o ge t t h i s b i l l pa s s e d i_n t he
b y F r e s i d e n t J o h n s n , 1 1 h e l.)r e di c t e d .
f i gh t f o r t h l'; o e r i gh t s i l f or a nu1..lb e r o f
o n l y n u t i o na l
t hr e e b i l l s which
t he
o r , . � ni za t i o n
" w o u ld t al- e
nder state
f i s h i n g r i gh t s by p l a c i n g t r i b e s u
T h os e d e s i f i n g m o r e i n f o rma t i on
, •·1as hingt on , D . C . 20036 .
sh ould wri t e :
NCA I ,
to
v oi c e
away a l l
an
I n d ian
c on t r o l . "
1346
C on n .
Av e .
�(14 )
FUND
DRIVE FOR
IND IAN
LANDM.l\RK
GAD:.S ��0:ME l'T'T""" �
Skowhegan ' s Touris t Hospitality Associaticn io �� : - .L underwa�r to raise
funds for the erection o.f the larges t sculpture o f an Indian in the r orld of
its kind .
Nationally-acc laimed painter · and sculptor, Bernard Langlais of
Cus hing, Maine , has been cons tructing the wooden Indian , which will s-�and 45
fee t in he ight , as a landmark for the Town of S�owhe gan .
Members of the
Ass oc iation have been conducting several fund-raising proje cts in an effort to
provide the necessary money, es timated at approximately $10, 000 .
Most o.f the members each contributed $25 to start the project rolling,
and William Philbrick of Skowhe gan furnished the logs for the sculpture .
Las t
sumrne� proceeds from the group ' s Antique Auto Parade went into the fund , and in
the fall the group netted $275 from sale o.f tickets for the movie , "The Sound
of Mus ic . 11
C olorfully painted barrels marked "Help Build an . Indian" were
placed in the town for contributions from touris ts and residents alike , and small
leather cut-outs of an Indian head were on sale at the Touris t Information Cen
ter .
All of these proje cts have bro�ght in a total of almos t half the cos t of
the landmark • • • • �Jhen the final goal is reached the dream of this group of pe ople
will be realized and Skowhe gan will have a landmark unlike any other in the
world .
Plans are now being made to place the Indian on a knoll in Skowhe gan 1 s
Coburn Park ove rlooking the Kennebe c .
One of the reasons for the Indian ' s being unlike any other is the somewhat
abs tract des ign of the figure .
In other words , it will hardly be a stere otype
of any Ind ian , but will depict Indians in Maine prior to settlement by the colo
nis ts and will be �uthentic in every detail .
Langlais has done considerable
re search in order to make it as authentic and accurate as pos s ible .
Ass is ting
him in research have been the Maine Department of Indian Affairs as well as
Indians from Maine re servations .
Since .Maine Indians depended greatly on fishing for a livelihood , the Ind
ian will be holding a fishing ne t and spear .
The Indian its elf is being
cons tructed of four logs , each 30-some feet long and 18 to 20 inches in diameter
at the small end .
They are being seas oned and dyed .
A me tal shaft will be
enclosed within the center for durability .
After the dying and sculpturing
has been c ompleted, the wood will be c hemically treated in order to be . left
untouche d for twenty years or more .
A cement base , 10 fee t high, will support the s culpture on its chosen
spot in Coburn Park .
During the night the Indian will be lighted to be seen
at a dis tance from the highway .
The Touris t Hospitality Ass ociation has also made arrangements to make
In order
wooden scale models of the Indian for tourists visiting the area .
that no models like them may be bought anywhere except in Skowhegan, the pattern
is be ing copyrighted .
Thus the Indian will be a maj or attraction to visitors ,
as well as a his torical monument t o our Indian fore runne rs .
(From the S omerset Reporter , Skowhe gan, Maine , 2 /15/68)
PRESIDENT ASKS
PLAN
FOR INDIANS
WASHINGTON (UPI) - Pre sident Johns on asked C ongress Wedne sday for what
ammounted , to a $500 million civil rights -wel.fare program for American Indians .
The White House said their plight "dwarfs the situation of any other Americans
in the worst ghettos • • • "
In a spe cial mes sage Johns on asked for funds to give Indians improved
economic , s ocial and educational opportunitie s , a greater voice in the ir own
affairs , and tribal rights to determine whether state crllninal and civil laws
shall apply on their re servations .
(C ontinued on Page 15)
�(15 )
.PRESWENT ASKS
• • • •
(Conti�ued from Page
14 )
But without wa it ing for Congre ss to act Johnson is sued an exe cutive order
creating a Na tional Council on Indian Opport ity, headed by Vice Pre o ident
Hubert Humphrey and including six cabinet members to seek improved living con '
ditions among the nation 1 s 6oo , 000 Indians .
The me s s age - the firs t one a Pre s ident ever sent C ongre s s on Indian prob
lems - was the re sult o f a spec ial task force s tudy begun two years ago .
John
s on said it had dis c losed a "shocking s ituation " exis ted among the Indian p opu
lation , which include s 400, 000 on or near re servations in 25 s tate s .
The Pre s
ident , w o said his proposal would c os t about $500 ,000, 000 , as ked that C ongre s s
take ac tion t o provide ' ' a s tandard o f living for the Indians equal to that of
the c ountry as a whole 11
He als o asked that they be given "an opportunity to remain in their home
lands , if the choos e , 'ithout surrendering their dignity; an opportunity to
move to the towns and c ities of Ame rica , if they choose , equipped with the s kills
to live in equality and Q.ignity . 1 1
Johns on said Indians should have "full par
ticipati on in the life of modern Ame rica, with a full share of e conomic opportun
ity and s ocial jus ti c e . ''
(From the Bangor Daily News , 3/7/68 .
Asked to c omme nt on the Pre s ident ' s
proposals , Maine ' s C ommi s s ioner of Indian Affairs , Edward Hinckley, explained
tha t he doubte d that the tribe s of Maine , not be ing under the adminis trative
jurisdic tion of the Federal government , would benefit directly from the reque s ted
appropria ti ons , but that he felt the national attention be ing focused on all
American Ind ian s would benefit the Passamaquoddy and Penobscot Tribes indirectly
He als o commented that he was glad to see Pre s ident Johnson fol
in many ways .
lowing Maine 1 s lead in involving ithe Indians more in the deve lopment of their
Ed . )
own future .
u:i
-
�
•
• • • •
-
NATION 1 S INDIAN POLICY
DRAWING
SHARP ATTACK
A s tudy based on a s ti ll-secre t Hhite House task force report blasts the
Federal Gove rnme nt for trea ting Indians as " s imple minded children " and attacks
the Johnson Adminis tration • s pending Ind ian aid bill as showing a " tragic mis
c onception " of the real ne ed .
The s tudy was wr itten for Congre s s ' Joint E conomic C ommittee by Herbe rt
But Striner
E . Striner of the w . E . Upj ohn Ins titute for Employment Research .
was reportedly a member of the �Jhite House task force and used many of the group ' s
1966 findings in his report .
U . s . Ind ian Affairs C ommis s ioner Robert L. Benne tt immediately took is sue
He said progre s s was being made in :improving Indian
with the Str ine r s tudy .
c onditions and that the governme nt is moving away from paternalism to le tting
Indian leaders make the ir own de cisi ons .
Striner charged that the Adminis tration ' s le gislation, which was sent to
C ongre s s las t yea r , " c omple te ly" ignores Indian needs for educati on , trainin g ,
hous ing, welfa re and he al th .
H e said the leve l of fundin g needed was "never
properly unders tood . "
He urged a pha s ing out of government boarding schools and es tablishment
Striner als o s aid
of local s chool b oards and a· national advis ory board ins tead
as sure the Indians that pre sent Federal
that the federal government should
prote ction and service s will neve r be taken away unle s s a tribe spe cifically re
The fe ar of the los s of government help has turned Indians
que s ts this s te p .
agains t various new plans in the pas t
(Bennet t s a id ) ins tead of ge tting new legislatio n for educati on, hous ing
and other areas ' the Adminis tration has been seeking amendments to Great Soc ie ty
programs to increase the ir Ind ian c ove ra ge
(From Canmunity Deve lopment, Was hington, D . C . , March 1968)
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
�16 )
FlJ TURE OF MAINE IND IANS NEVER D I S CUSSED F I TH THE 'F. :':� -:'. '
by D ick P l an t e
Memb er s o f the Auburn -Lew i s ton Kiwan i s Club were t o ld that th�re has too
long been a leek of p l ann ing and bene f icial par t icipat ion in the Indian af fair s
in Ma ine .
Edward C . Hinckley , head of t he Maine Departmen t of Ind ian Affair s ,
t o l d t he Kiwan ian s : " The Ind ians have been here for about 10 , 000 years but no
body b o t hered t o d i s cu s s their fu ture wi th them . "
The s peaker s a id he believes that the lack of p lann ing was due to an as sum
t ha t the Ind ian s , as a peo p le , w i l l d i s appear .
But he said the theory is in
correct and he t o l d his aud ience t hat Ind ian her i t age should be looked upon as
a premium rather t han a l iab il i ty
The Ind i an exper t said Maine set an examp le for o ther s t a tes in January
Hinckley s ai d i t
of 1 9 6 6 when i t created i t s Depar tmen t of Ind ian Affair s .
made t he s t a te a leader i n t he developmen t o f progra�s for the ben f i t o f the
Indian s .
" Ind i an s have no des ire to become inv i s ib le or t o d i s appear , " Hinckley
s t a t ed , as he p o i n talout to his aud ience tha t the Ind ian culture is as d i s t inct
as t he cu l ture of the many o ther nat ional i t ies which make up the American pe9p le .
'llle s peaker t o l d member s of t he club tha t there mus t be p l anning to aid
He s aid tha t many
the Ind ians in impr oving themselves and t heir commun i t ies .
o f t he Ind ians prefer to remain on the reserva t ions because o f their rel a t ion
ship w i th "Mo ther E arth . 1 1
Hinckley s aid some s teps t oward improving the l o t o f t he Ind ians have
'
been t aken .
He s aid tha t he met on ly yes terd ay w i th represen tat ives of the
Pas s amaquoddy tr ib e and o ther s ta te and federal o f f icia l s about the fea s ib i l i ty
o f a comprehen s ive s tudy of the need s and resources of the Ind ian commun i ty .
( See February New s l � t ter , Page 18 - Ed . )
He s t at ed tha t the Ind ians � have
the ab i l i t y to admin i s ter and manage their own prob lems if they are g iven t he
s ame a s s i s tance and oppor tun i t ies ava i l ab le to other commun i t ies .
Hinckley a l s o t o ld Kiwan i s that for the f ir s t t ime in many year s t he
Leg i s la ture has approved a bond i s s ue to make po s s ib le cons truct ion of scho o l ,
The s peaker no ted t ha t t he
water and s ewer age f aci l i t ie s on t he reserva tions .
b ond i s sue w i l l go to Maine vo ter s for approval June 1 7 , and urged res iden t s of
Lew i s ton and Auburn t o s uppor t the measure .
Hinckley t o ld h i s audience that t he u l t imate goal o f h i s depar tmen t is to
return the Ind ian t o h i s former s t atus - he s aid I�d i an commun i t ies , like o ther
Maine communi t ies , s hould be s e l f -governing
(From the Lew i s ton-Auburn Journal , 3 / 6/ 68 )
• • •
• • •
• •
• •
SLOW PROMOTION
We were pr oud to have what we b e l ieved to be t he only ful l - b l ooded . Chero
He was recogni zed as a highly competent yeoman
kee in the submar ine service .
At the
f ir s t c l as s , b u t couldn ' t pas s the examina t ion for ch ief pet ty o f f icer .
po s t ing o f t he lates t exam resu l t s , when he found that onde again he had no t
made chie f , he commented dry ly , 1 1 I f I ' d s t ayed on the reserva t ion , I ' d have
been chief two year s ago. "
(From t he Reader s D iges t , January , 19 68 , by TM2 Richard T . Vannoy )
ABBREVIATION
In Hami l ton Coun ty , Ohio , t he Board of Park Comm i s s ioners �as looking for
'llle re w�s a s ugges t ion that the commi s s ioner s
a name for a new 1 , 010-acre p ark .
migh t cal l t he p l ace what the Ind ians once did , Moqueghke Kitchokema Wehyahpi
Af t er leng thy cons iderat ion , t he commi s s i oner s cho se Shawnee
hehr sehnwah Sepe .
Which s eems pa le- faced by compari son .
Lookout i n s t ead .
(From Spor t s I l lus tra ted , 2/26 / 6 8 )
�(17 )
CURTIS A SKS
HHH TO INCLUDE . NAINE INDIANS TIJ p_ '· G-fl.' Tr
AUGU STA - �v . Kenn eth M. Curtis has a sk ed Vic e Pr e sident 1k."' phrey to
.
include Maine Indi ans in the half billirm do llar s in federal
ai d that ha s b ee n
r e que st ed b y t h e administrat inn .
In a letter to th e Vi c e Pre sident , the Govern�r r equ ested that the Nat ional
C•:mncil o n Indian Opportunity " alsn consider assi sting Indians on State r e serva
t ions in planning and r e commending pr grams . "
Pr e si dent Johnson set up th e
counci l , named Humphrey i t s c h airman, and has asked for a $500 million appropria
t ion that will be c h anneled l argely through federal agenc ies to t ribes und er
f ederal juri sdi ctio n .
" We in Maine have three sma ll Indian re servations and t:ire attempting t o
impreve th e hou s ing , edu c ational and r e creational facilit ie s 1 1 the Governor s aid .
,
1 1 I hope it will pr ve po s sible for an increasing number of national Indi an pro
grams t
be d eve ].(')ped so as t
include ' St at e 1 trib e s as well as ' Federal 1
tribe s , 11 the Goverm r add ed .
Maine ' s three r e s ervati n s are 1 c at ed near Perry, Princ eto n and Old Town .
But b e c au s e �f t h e way Indian trib e s c ame under gove rnment supe rvi s ion, mo st o f
t h e Indi an s living e a st c f t h e Mi s s i s s ippi are le gally t ermed 11Stat e " Indian s
while mo st e f th0 se we st
f the river are und er f ederal contr0l.
Thi s hist r i c di ffer enc e has, in r e c ent year s , c aus ed problems for federal
ag en ci e s
seeking t
d et ermine whether State Ind i ans c an r e ceive aid und er th e
poverty pr grams that h ave b een e s tablished in the past d e c ade .
FUEL OIL ANALYS IS ORDERED AFTER FIRE DESTROYS RESERVATION HOME
EASTPORT - As a re sult ("'f a fire whi ch l eft an Ind i an mother and h er s ix
children home l e s s ,
a st at e fire inspe cto r Friday sent samples o f fuel o i l to the
st ate l ab . ratory for analysi s .
Ind i an • ffi ci al s h er e are also qu estioning the
f Perry an d Ea stport Fir e Departments in answering th e call and o th e r
delays
events conne cted with the fi re .
Inspecto r Donald Bi s s et
f Blue Hill said Fri day night that h e took s ever al
s amples of fuel oil from homes on the Indi an Re servation tc determine whether the
oil c ntains any explo sive or fo r eign substance s .
a . m. Thursday at th e home of Mr s . Mary Yar
The fir e at approximat ely 9 : 3
mal was b elieved to h ave started as a r e sult of a nooded oil burner in the liv-·
Bi s s et added t hat a ft er
f the home , acco rding to the stat e in spec tor .
ing r oom
u- s . Yarmal had t ak en the three yqung e st children to s afety an explo s ion was
he ard inside th e dwelling.
Th e Perry V lunt e er Fire Departm ent arrived about half an hour aft er th e
c al l was turned in, and Eastport ' s Volunt eer Department arrived about 15 tG 20
minute s aft e r Perry, a c cording to Governor Jo seph Mitchell of the Pleasant Po int
Re s ervatio n .
He a lso repoxt Eid that the Perry pumper failed to function proper
ly and secondly, the res ervation ' s only fir e hydrant was di scover ed "plugged
Gov _. Mitch ell pointed out that the e ntire inside e f
wi th mud and e th er debri s . 1 1
the h me was g utted by the fire, d e s troying all o f th e f amily ' s po s s e s sions .
11We have b e en trying tc get a volunteer departme.r:it started on th e r e s erva
tion during the past ye ar and we are still trying to get th e e quiµnent , 11 Mitchell
said, adding that th e Perry and Eastport Department s are repaid for all c alls
The Perry Department i s about 2� mile s away from th e
made to the r e s ervation .
while Eastport t s d epartment i s about 5 mile s di st anc e .
res ervation
vernor po inted out that s everal f amili e s o n the r e s ervati o n have b e en
Th e
Becomplaining lat e ly of the i r fue l oil having a " si zzling " sound a s it burns .
ck.
Re
cau se of the r epo rt s, inspe ctor Bi s s et was said to hav e t ak en th e s ampl e s .
ect ed from the lab t e s t s by Mo nd ay or Tu e sday • • • •
sults were exp
See r elated story n next page . )
( From th e Bango r Daily News, 3/23-24/68.
�(18 )
INDIAN STOVE INSPEC TION DEPENDS ON 3 FACTORS
AU GU STA - An insp e c tion
r e s ervations and cleaning and
rde red as the aft ermath cf a
the h e ad o f the Dep a rtment 0f
0f
il-burning s tove s on Maine ' s three India�
ad j us tment nf th e stove s wh ere n e c e s s ary will be
r e c ent fi re wh i ch de stroyed a Pleasant Pnint home,
Indian Affai r s s aid Tue s d ay, if :
Money can b e found to hire a l i c ensed oil bu rner r epairman f� r th e job ;
- Tribal Ceunc i l s authori ze the pro j e ct , and ;
- Ind ividu al homecwner s give their consent .
Commi s s ione r Edward C .
Hinckley,
1:.0 ld th at a r eport by Stat e Fir e Inspector
Donald Bi s s ett 0f Ells"WO rth Tuesday state s that chemi cal t e st s o f fuel oil
u s ed o n t he Pas samaquoddy Re servation at Perry showed no c· :>ntaminatic·n,
s aid
h e will att anpt t 0 find fund s t o fi nance the burner in spec tion .
/
In h i s repor t , Bi 3s ett s aid he b el i ev e s a fi re th at de stroyed the Ple as dDt
Po int
home nf J:vlr s.,
home s were
Mary Yarmal la s t we e k and burner flareups in oth er· r e s ervation
c au 3 ed by malad justment s and di rt ,
and not the fuel •
• • •
The Dep artment
0f Ind ian Aff ai r s c alled in th e Fir e Prevention Divi sio n after th e· Yarrnal how.e
burned an d o th er r e s e rvatio n r e si de nt s complained 0f o il burner flar�-up s .
Burne r s in s ev eral r e servation hom e s were insp e c t ed • • • all of th e burners were
dirty a:1d o ut of a d j ustme:::it , Bi s sett reported .
The burner s were of t he b arometri c feed typ e , in whi ch proper inst allation
and maint en anc e i s 11very c rit i c al , 1 1 the inspe ctor pointed out.
What i s ne eded ,
he
concluded ,
i s fo r all the burners to
me n and put b ack into
safe running
( From th e Bango r Daily N ews,
be ch e ck ed and servi ced by qu alified
co nd i tio n .
3/27/68 )
HOU SING AN D SAN I TATION PLAN S CONTINUE 'ID ADVAN CE
Dur�ng th e p a s t month ,
the Pen b s co t Tribal Reservation Housing Authority
r e c eiv e d approval of a draft of i t s preliminary application to th e Hou sing
As s i s tan ce Admini strat ion,
and the final vers ion c f the appli c ation will b e sent
to th e New York r egi onal 0 ffi c e of HAA in th e near future .
This appli cat io n
will s p e cify t h e numb er o f hou sing r t uni t s 1 1 de sired for t h e Peno b s co t Re servation
init ially, and will requ e s t pr eliminary fu nd s so that planni ng,
l o c at ion activit ie s may be st ar.t ed .
de sign and site
An agreement i s being n eg t i at ed between the Penob s co t Housing Authority,
the Old Town Wat er Di s tri ct,
th e Dept .
of Indi an Affairs and the Publi c Utilit i e s
Commi s si on re l ative to th e exi sting wat e r sys t em 0 n Ind i an Island an d a contin
u ation of wat er servi c e s by the Di stri ct,
for fund s to expand th e sys t em .
as a n e c e s s ary preliminary t� a request
On March 18th the Pleasant Point Pas samaquod dy Re s ervation Housing Author
th rough Senato r Mu skie ' s o ffi c e , th at th e F ederal Water Pcl
lution Control Agency has increas ed it s sh are of t h e c o s t of a sewage treatment
ity r e c eived wo rd,
plant for Pl easant Point from 3 0� to
70%
40% .
The effe c t of th i s de c i s ion is that
of the fun d s ne c e s s ary fo r th e plant are now appro ve d , through St ate and
Federal fund s ; the r emaining 30% of th e co st of the plant has b e en r eque s t ed o f
th e E conomic Develo pment Admin i strat ion .
and
Federal appli c ati o n s fo r s ewage and wate r pro j e c ts on t h e Pleasant Point
Indian Townsh ip Pas samaquoddy Re s ervations h av e been submitted by th e re s
pe ctive Tribal Hou si ng Authori t i e s ,
in th e amount of $3 80 , 800,
JO% 0f �1 e Pl e a s ant Point tre atment plan mentione d above .
t he s e pro j e c t s will b e approximately
$670, 000 .
including the
The total co st of
Bot h Pas s am aquo ddy Tri bal Housi ng Auth ori ti e s are wci rking on thei r pre
liminary appli c ations to the Housi ng A s s i stan ce Admini stration, spe c i fying th e
numb er
f 11unit s 1 1 de sired and requesti ng i ni t i al fu nd s s:imila r to tho s e being
r e que sted
by
the Penob s cot Hou sing Autho ri ty .
�(19)
NEWS FRO ·1 HERE AND THERE
On March 1 8 th , Mr s . Barbara Joy Kenda l l , of Pr ince ton , began -v ork as a
Social v1orker II for t he Depar tment of Ind i an Affair s ' Calai s f i e ld o f f i ce .
Her' appo in tmen t f o l lowed a mee t ing of repre sent a t ive s of the Pleasant Po i n t
and Ind i an Town s h i p Pa s s ama quoddy Tr ibal Coun c i l s o n Mar ch 14th , at whi ch
t ime her app l i ca t ion and appo intmen t were unanimous ly approved by the t r ib a l
repre s e n ta t iv e s pre s en t .
1"'r s . Kend a l l w i l l be working wi tl-i Mr . "Dud " We s ton ,
.i
who s e appo in tmen t wa s appr oved by the j o in t Coun c i l s on January 1 1 th .
The
new pos i t i on was approved , e f fe c t ive January 1 s t , by the 103rd Le g i s l a ture , due
to t he s i zeab l e " c a s e load 1 1 on the 2 Pa s s ama quoddy Re s ervat ions , which �. s larger
t han a s ing l e f i e ld worker can e f fec t ively hand le .
Pa s s amaquoddy Commun i ty Action Program s ta f f members John Ni cho las ( Plea
san t Poin t ) and Morr i s Erooks , ( Indian Town ship) re turned in l at e Mar ch from a
Whi le
6 -weeks CAP train ing program oper ated by the Univer s i ty of W i s cons in .
there they had a chance to v i s i t Menominee Coun ty , Wis c . , forme r ly t he Menominee
Re serva t ion be fore t ermina t ion of F ederal Indi an programs by the U . S. Bureau
of Ind ian Affair s .
The Bangor Dai ly News of Mar ch 14 th p i c tured Mr s . Jeane t te Moore ( Pleasan t
Poin t ) i n s tru c t ing her we ekly CAP-sponsored sewing c l a s s o n the Re serva t i on .
The c l as s ha s 1 6 women and gir l s tuden t s and oper a t e s under the d i re c t ion of
Communi ty Ac t ion Aide B e s s ie S tanley ; 3 sewing mach ine s for the c l a s s wer e dona
ted by the Por t land Z ONTA Club .
The News of arch 2 2nd p i c tured Pa s s ama quodd y CAP Direc tor Archie LaCo o t e ,
Hous ing Aide and a c t ing As s i s tant D irec tor Andrew Dana , and Economic Oppor tun i ty
Aide Dan i e l Fran c i s d i s cus s ing a propo sal and app l i cat ion for an on- the - j ob
I t i s hoped t ha t
training pro j e c t for the two Pa s s amaquoddy Re serva t i ons .
through thi s program , men can b e trained as o i l burner and furnace repairmen ,
smal l mo tor repairme n t , carpenter s , p lumber s , e le c tr i c ians and he avy e qu ipme n t
operator s .
The Rev . and Mr s . Fred Ludwig , mi s s ionair e s to the Penob sco t Ind ians on
Ind i an I s land , were gue s t s of the Women ' s Ni s s ionary Society of the F ir s t Bap t i s t
The couple spen t 6 years i n nor th cen tra l
Chur ch i n Por tland , on larch 1 9 th .
Congo , � e s t Afr i c a , and in 1 9 6 1 were appo in ted t o s erve t h e Ind ians o f t hP
nor the a s t ern Un i ted S ta t e s by the Conservat ive Dap t i s t Home Mi s s ion S o c i e ty .
Na. AVAILAB LE - The four th in a series of 1 1 fac t she e t s " d i s t r ibu ted free
o f -charge b y the Ma ine S ta t e De p t . o f Ind ian Affa irs ( S t ate Hous e , Augu s ta , Me .
04 3 3 0) .
En t i t led n The Ca tho l i c Ind ian Mi s s ions in Maine : 1 6 1 1 - 1 8 20 , n and wr i t
t e n b y Mr s . S arah S . Ha sbrouck , the 6 - page pub li cat ion de scribes con ta c t s b e �
twe en t h e t r ibe s o f uhat i s now Ma ine and the Catho l i c Chur ch from t h e d ays o f
the f ir s t French exp l or a t i ons o f t he new wor ld .
Othe r s in the Ind ian s of Maine serie s now ava i lab le from t h e De par tment
are 1 1Gene ra l Informa t ion , " nDe par tment of Ind ian Affair s , " and " The Enduring
Ind ian . "
Cop i e s may b e ob tained on re �ue s t by con t a c t ing the De par tmen t in
Augu s ta .
Penob s c o t Tr ibal Gove rnor John Mi tche l l and Ind i an Commi s s ioner Edward
Hinctcley share d t he program of the Orono -Old Town Kiwani s C lub ' s me e t ing on
February 2 9 t h w i th 11rs . J. Al len Broyle s o f Orono , a Che rokee Ind ian .
Vote
�
- Vo t e YE S - Vo t e YES - Vo te YES - Vote YES - V o t e YE S - Vo te YES - Vo t e
P.EFERENDUN <;UE S TIOi'! tlo . 1
S PECIAL STATE-: JIDE ELECTION
JUNE 1 7 , 1 9 6 8
S CHOOL IMPROVEMEt·. TS Otl 3 RE SERVATIOF S - SEWAGE ArID �'1ATER FOR Ill) IAI'! TO !!'!S HI P
�( 20 )
" S TATE " " IND IANS :
F ORGOTTEN PEOPLE
Governor Cur t i s ' cal l to V i c � Pr e s ident Hub e r t Humphrey no t to over l ook
; . S t a t e " ::Ind ians in p l ann ing and r e co1llle nd ing d eve lopmen t o ppor tun i t i e s (See Page
ll
1 7 , th i s i s su e ) focus e s on a l arge ly · ignored prob lem in the U . S .
" S ta "'.: e 1 0 Ind ians
may be de f ined as memb e r s of t r ib e s over which the F ed er a l government , wi th . it s
s re c i a l ly-de s igned Indian deve l opment programs , has - or exer c i s e s - no j ur i s Jic
t ion .
Maine ' s Pa s s amaquoddy and Penob s cot Trib e s are " S t a t e " Ind i an s largehy
b e cau s e the or i g in a l t r e a ty agre emen t s made wi th the s e Tr ibes were conduc t ed
by t he Ma s s achu s e t t s Bay Co l ony and , la ter , by the Commonwe a l th of Mas sachus e t t s
be fore there wa s a n a t ional government or Congre s s .
O ther Tribe s ar e b arred
from p �r t ic ip a t ing in n a t iona l Ind ian programs for l e s s c l e �r rea s ons - the s tate
o f Nor t h Caro l ina inc lude s some 4 5 , 000 Lumbe e Ind i an s .
In 19 5 6 Congre s s enacted
l e g i s la t ion s t ipu l a t ing tha t this group " sha l l , from and a f t e r r a t i f i cat ion of
the Act , be known and de s igna ted as the Lumb ee Ind ian s o f Nor t h Caro l ina11 but
empha s i z ed t ha t this l eg i s l at'ion d id not a l t er the ir s tatus as per son.s ine l igib le
t � r e c e ive s p e c i a l s ervice s fr om t he Federal Governmen t on the bas i s of Ind ian
b lo od .
The s e arb i t rary re s tr i c t i ons on progr amming have l imi t e d s ta t e s in a t t empt
i n g to devi s e pr ograms airo� d at improv ing t h e s i tua t i on s on S t a t e Re s ervat ions
and wi th S ta t e Tr ib e s - the trib e s of Maine exp er ienced such a s e t -back of more
t han a year in b e coming qua l i fied to app ly for Commun i ty Ac t ion Programs und er
the "War on Pove r t y , ; ; t hough a waiver of t h i s r e s tr i c t ion was f ina l ly ob tained
from S arge n t Shr iver for the two Tr ibes of Maine .
Add ing to t he confus ion of s t atus are such s ta temen t s as the s e , con tained
in a l e t ter from the U. s . Commi s s ioner of Ind ian Af fairs to Ma ine S ta t e Repr e s
enta t iv e Ra lph 0 . Brews ter , d a t e d Apr i l 1 8 , 19 3 5 :
' 'As sured l y , there fore , under t h i s l a t e r d o c t r ine the
Ind ian s of our eas tern s e aboard - mean ing tho se e a s t o f
t h e Mi s s i s s ippi R iver - a r e as much sub j e c t t o t he para
moun t au thor i ty and j ur i s d i c t ion of the Federal gove rnment
a s t ho s e we s t o f that r iver ; bear ing in mind in t h i s conne c
t ion , however , that the du t i e s o f thi s O f f i ce are l arge ly
admin i s trat ive . . .
I t may fur ther be s a id that the l imi ted
appropr i a t ions by Congr e s s in b ehal f of the Ind ians are woe
fu l ly in s u f f i c ien t f or the ir pre s e n t real needs and in the
ab s en c e o f sub s t an t ia l ly incr e a s e d appropriat ions we lack
su f f i c ien t fund s to extend our a c t iv i t i� s into new f i e l d s
or in b eha l f o f t ho s e r emnan t s o f t h e Ind ian trib e s on our
e a s tern s e aboar d not here t o fore expre s s ly entru s ted by
Congre s s to our superv i s ion
;i
1 ) The coun try as a who le has
The p o in t s o f thi s mat ter a r e as f o l lows :
a r e a l d eb t , as we l l as mora l and l ega l ob l ig a t ions , t o Amer ican Ind ians as a
who le , wi thou t regard to their curre n t or p a s t s t a tu s as 1 1 S ta t e 1 1 or "Federal"
Trib e s .
? ) S ta t e s s hare this deb t and the s e ob l ig a t i on s , in ways too numerous
(and ho�e £-J !. � r too we l l -known ) to d e s cr ib e here , in t erms of the as s i s tance
provide� the c o l on i s t s by the local Tr ibe s .
3) Mor e and more programs which
cou ld p o t e n t ia l ly b e of gre at bene f i t to Ind ians are b e ing cr e a t ed by Congre s s ,
b u t w i t h few ex cep t ions - where they s pe c i fy Ind i an s as a par t icu l ar group t o
bene f i t f�0c.1 i..: h ?n
t he s e ar e l imi t e d to F eder a l Tribe s a n d Re serva t ion s .
4)
I t i E r. 'J •: :i -:· c .:> !.· � ' · T 7 :c or t he U . S . Bur eau o f Ind i an A f f a i r s t o ex tend i t s dir e c t
j ur i s diZt� on t 0 f. ·...: : �Le Tribe s , but i t i s e s s e n t i a l tha t new program l eg i s lation
or admin :l. s tr:;. t i ve p;:.· ac t ic e b e r e -d e fi-;;;d s o that S ta t e Tr ib e s and / or r.e s erva t ions
may pa"':.:' t icipD. t e on t h e same b a s i s a s any o ther Ind ian co1lllu n i ty .
ll
A �U'"l"'.::"1'.:lry n 2 r.be s cope of thi s pr ob l em is as f o l l ow s : Eight s ta t e s (Conn . ,
Me . , N . Y . , I" ;=: r� :! . , 1: . i:. , s . c . , Tex . , Va . ) have S ta t e Re s erva t ions and 2 7 , 300 S tate
Ind i an u .
F c . :. - � ( � l : n ad.J i t i.ona l s ta te s (Al a . , Ark . , De l . , Geo . , I l l . , Ind . , La . ,
Md . , H:i s s . , F . E . , E . J , , N . C . , Ohio , Tenn � ) have no S ta t e Re s ervations and 6 7 ,'500
The s our ce of t he s e f igur e s - the U . S . Bureau of Ind ian Affair s !
S ta t e Ind i an s .
•
•
•
-
·
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTE R
Pi ne
S tre e t
NEW S UB SCR I PTI ON POLICY
EFFE CTIVE
JANUARY 1 , 1 9 6 8
,;.;;.' r·�·:J
.i.
�
...
1
1
./·:·\
�i
�
!:::;::.:
�
.•
Beginnin g in January , the
sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s w i l l Le charged
for a 1 2-month sub s cr ipt ion to the
MAINE INDIAN NEW S LETTER
Indian
Non-Ind ian (Regular )
"
(Con t r ibu ting )
"
( Suppor t ing)
(Li f e t ime )
F REE
- $ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
-$ 10 . 00/year
-$ 50 . 00
-
If you are a NON- IND IAN , wherever you
l ive , fi l l out and s end in the sub
s cr ip t ion s l ip (be low ) W I TH the appro
priate amoun t .
Your subscrip tion
wi l l begin wi t h the next avai lab le
i s s ue af ter your subscript ion i s
received .
If you are an INDIAN , wherever you
live , f i l l ou t and send in the sub
scription s lip (be low) , ide n t i fying
your Tribe and enc lo s ing NO money .
The addre s s labe ls ind i cate the s tatus
" I -F " me.an s
o f your sub s cr ip t ion .
The abbrevia t ion of a
" Indian-Fre e . "
month ( JAN) is the t ime - nex t year your sub s cr ip t ion fee w i l l again be
� wi l l � � !!!! ind ividual
due .
expir at ion no tice , .!2. � �!
�- - �� - - � - - - - - -� - - - - - � - - � ----- � -- � -� - · - --� - - � - -- - - - - - - � - - - - - -- - �----� - - - - - - - - - - -- �- -
I would l ike t o rece ive regu lar mon thly i s sue s o f the Maine Ind ian News le t ter :
_
_
__
DATE__ __ _ __
I ND IAN
_
NON- I ND IAN__
ADDR ESS
-___,.
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
__
_
_
_
TRIBE_
_
___
( S tre e t , o r Po s t Office Box )
_
_
AMOUNT ENCLOSED : $_ _
_
(Ci ty
S ta t e
Z I P Cod e )
Sub s cr ip t ion rate s : Indian -0- ; Non-Indian - $ 2 (Regular ) , $ 5 {Con tribu ting ) ,
$ 10 ( Suppor t ing ) , $ 50 (Life time )
Send this s l ip , with your sub s cr ip t ion charge , if app l i cab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTER
Pine S tree t , Freepor t , Maine
0403 2
- -- - - -� - � - � --- - -. - - - - - - ----- -- -- - -.. -- - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .--.� 1""'- - ,_ --. __ _ ____ _ _ _ __ .,.._ _
.....
Don ' t forg e t your Z I P Code !
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTE R
BULK RATE
U .S.
POSTAGE
Pine Str eet
Freepe�t , Maine
3 . 6¢ PAID
Freepert , Maine
Permit Ne . 33
1403 2
ADDRESS CORRECTION
REQUESTED
Y
Co l b y C o l l e ge L ib r
l b y C o l l e ge
Co
0490 1
W a ter v i l l e , Ha ine
JAN
�
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (March 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-03
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-462
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/91d28bab5236893bac7e7ea45a012a02.pdf
208899ef81a030af6bff99eaef8b16db
PDF Text
Text
NE
VOLUME
2,
SL
NU:MBER
E
FEBRUARY.
7
1968
INDI N TREP_TIES
During t e past year and a half the Newsletter has received
several letters asking questions about the various treaties wade
between the Indians living in Maine and the Cowmonwealth of Massachusetts,
and later on (182 ) the State of
�aine.
Since the Newsletter has
some of this information within reach now, it seems both beneficial
and interesting to pass some of this information along to you.
Starting uith this issue t�e
ewsletter will reprint the Treaty wade
£.y_
the Commonwealth of Ma�s�chEsetts witl!___!:h� Pe_!1obscot Tribe of
Indians, June 29
181 8.
"This writing indented (sic) Clnd .. ade this twenty ninth d..:..y of
June, one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, between Edward H.
Robbins, Daniel Davis and Mark Langdon Hill, Esqs., commissioners
appointed by his excellency John Brooks, governnr of the comruonwe<h
of Massachusetts, by and with the advice of council in conforhlity to
a Resolve of the legislature of said commonwealth, passed the thirteenth
day f February, A. D. one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, to
treat \'litb the Penobscot tribe of Indians, upon the subject expressed
in said resolve, on the one part; and the said Penohscot tribe of In
dians, by the undersigned chiefs, captains and iu.en of sc:,id tribe, rep
resenting the whole thereof, on the other part, Witnesseth, Thnt the
said Penobscot tribe of Indians, in consideration of the payments by
them new received of said commissioners, amounting to four hundred
dollars, and of the payments hereby secured and engaged to be made to
them by said cohlmomwealth, do hereby grant, sell, convey, release
and quitclaim, to the common ealth of Massachusetts, all their, the
said tribes, right, title, interest and estate, in and to all the lands
they claim, occupy and possess by means whatever on both sides of the
Penobscot river, and the branches thereof, above the tract of thirty
miles in length on both sides of said river, which said tribe conveyed
and released to said commonwealth by their deed of the eighth of
August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety six, excepting and
reserving frow this sale and conveyance !or the perpatu�l use of said
trib� of Indians, four townships of land of six miles square each, in
the following places, viz:
The first beginning on the east bank of the renobscot river,
(Continue� on �age 2 )
u.
�2 (INDiiN
TREATIES,
Cont'd from page 1.)
opposite the five islands, so called, and running up said river
a ? cording to its c0'.lrse, and crossing the mouth of the �·iatta-v.rcwkeag
river, an extent of six miles from the place of beginning, and extending
back from said river six miles, and to be laid out in conformity to a
general plan or arrangement which shall be made in the survey of the
adjoining townships on the river - one other of s· id townships lies on
the opposite or western shore of said river, �nd is to begin �s nearly
opposite to the place of beginning of the -� first�idescribed township as
can be having regard to the gener�l plan of the t�onships that may be
laid out on the western side of said Penobscot river, and running up
said river according to its course, six ruiles, and extending back from
said river six miles.
Two other of said townships &re to begin at the
foot of an island, in West branch of Penobscot river in Nolaceilleac lake,
and extending on both sides of said like, ( sic) bounding on the ninth
range of_ townships, surveyed by Samuel ;vestern, Esq., r1hich two town
ships shall contain six wiles square each, to be laid out so as to
correspond in courses with the to�nships hich no� &re, or hereafter may
be surveyed on the public lands of the state. J.nd the sc.,id tribes do
also release and discharge; said commonwealth from all de1aands &nd
claims of any kind and description, in copsequences of said tribe's inden
ture and agreement made with said co� 1onwealth, on the eighth d .y of
August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety six, by their commissioners,
William Sheppard, Nathan Dane, and Daniel Davis, Bsquires; and we the
undersigned commissioners on our part in behalf of said coLlfilonwealth, in
consideration of the·above covenants, and release of the said Penobscot
tribe, do covenant with said Penobscot tribe of Indi�ns, thrtt they shall
have, enjoy and improve all the four excepted townships described as
aforesaid, and all the islands in the Penobscot river �bove OldtoNn and
And the commissioners will purchase for
including said Oldtown island.
their use as aforesaid, two acres of land in the to\·n of Bre�ver, adjoining
Penobscot river, convenient for their occupation, and provide them with
a dis�reet man of good moral character and industrious habits, to
instruct them in the arts of husbandry, and assi.J t them in fencin& and
tilling their grounds, and raising such articles of :;:1roduction as their
lands are suited for, and as will be most beneficial for them, and will
erect a store on the island 6f OldtOlm, or contiguous thereto, in which
to deposit their yearly sup lies, and will now make so�e necess�ry
repairs on their church, and pay and deliver to said Indians for their
absolut� use, within ninety days from this date, at said island of Old
one six pound cannon, one swivel, fifty
Town, the following articles viz:
.
knives, six brass kettles, two hundred yards of calico, two druL1s,
four fifes, one box pipes, three hundred yards of ribbon, and that
annually, and every year, so long as they shall remain a nation, and
reside within the commonwealth of Massachusetts, said commonwealth
will deliver for the use of said Penobscot tribe of Indians at Oldtown
five
aferesaid, in the month of October, the following articles viz:
hundred bushels of corn, fifteen barrels of wheat flour, seven barrels
of· clear por�, one hogshead of molasses, and one hundred yards of
double bTeadth broadcloth, to be of red color one year, and blue the
next year, and so on alternately, fifty good blankets, one hundred
pounds of gunpowder, four hundred pounds of shot, six boxes of choco
late, one hundred and fifty pounds of tobacco, and fifty dollars in
The delivery of the articles last aforesaid to commence in
silver.
October next, and to be divided and distributed at four different times
( Continued on page 11.)
�E
THE
MAINE
EDITOR:
INDIAN
- 3 -
I
D
T
0
R
l
L
A
S
NEWSLETTLR
EUGENIA (THOMAS) THOMPSON
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the following address:
Pine Street
Freeport, Maine 04032
865-4253)
(Telephone:
Letters to the Editor are welcome but must conform to the rules
required by every newspaper. They must bear the writer's correct name
and address although pen names are permitted at the discretion of the
All letters must be signed though names will be withheld from
Edit r.
Preference will be given to le�ters not over
publication on request.
350 words in length. Letters are subject to condensation or editing
when space limitations require and to correction of grauner or obvious
errors.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
"Ask Not �hat Your Depart·1ent Can Do For You, But •
• • 11
At an NAACP meeting held several months ago in Portland, Maine,
the topic of discussion was to be the Maine Indians. The purpose of
the meeting was to determine whether or not the Portland Chapter of
The concern centered
the NAACP could help these Indians in any way.
about the assamaquoddy.
Several questions from other members of the panel and from the
floor, addressed to Commissioner Hinckley assumed or indicated that
Hinckley and the De artment were not even aware of many of the Indian's
problems, and further1ore that Hinckley was merely a paper shuffler,
and perhaps unable to do anything about these problems.
Having previously explored the situation I was av.rare of the size
of the general assistance program, the problems related to police
protection on the three reservations, and the increased financial needs
in other areas. This was not brought out at the meeting however.
Then more recently it came to light that the Department had run
818,ooo in the Red. The reasons for this, aside from the accounting
problems? I've just explained them above.
To keep from operating in the Red $inances to several programs
will have to be cut back, or cut out. Hinckley has said the Indians
will be asked to help decide where these cut backs will be• Already
there are grumblings from Augusta - some saying it lock's like the
Indians are running the Department and not the Comlilissioner. And I
thrmght this was the purpose for having the De_par-tment, so the Indians
could have some say in the handling of their own problems.
So, one thing the Department has dome is to go into the Red for
the Redmen, to the tune of $18,ooo.
�/here should these cut-backs be made? Any cutbacks are going to
disrupt the program. It seems to me the most probable cut-back will be
from the General Assistance funds; food, clothing, Dr. bills, and
If any
fuel. (But remember it has been colder than usual this winter.)
of our Indian readers have any suggestions, send them in to the News
Letter and they will be forwarded on th the Department in Augusta:--
�- 4 In Reply to Helen H. Ross
(See December, January and this months Newsletters.)
The replies to Helen H. Ross' remarks in this and last months issues
of the Newslett�rs are adequate to show that Mrs. Ross has not dug
into the facts as deeply as she would h�ve her readers do.
I am an Indian, born and raised on the Penobscot Reservation.
When I was young, we sometimes had it difficult, but no matter how
difficult times were, we knew the Passamaquoddy were worse off.
They
.
still are. For one thing, jobs �ere much more readily available near
the Penobscot Reservation than they
were in , ashington County.
Some people disapprove of Don Gellers, but even they must admit
until he came along, no on� has been as involved as he has with the
problems of the PassamaquodJy Indians.
It is time someone got this
involved.
In 1�04 a written account, which can be found in the Maine
Historical Society Library, tells of four Passa1aaquoddy villages located
in the.same area as they are today, except the one 1hich used to be at
Calais,
About 1796 a treaty was made with �ass. establishing the
present reservations, although they were much. larger.
In the separating
of Maine from 1ass. in 1820, no mention was made regarding these Indians
Maine has never made any treaties with the
or their reservations
Passamaquoddy, so far as I can tell, and yet some bow !1aine now owns
all of this Passamaquoddy land, while allowing the FassamaquodL�Y Indians
to live there, "during the pleasure of the legislature."
I repeat, isn't
it about time someone became this involved?
Mrs. Ross suggests that the integrity of Gov. Curtis and the Maine
State Police has been questioned because in Mr. Cox' article in the
Times-Record of November 2nd, 1967, the Governor's appointing of the
State Felice to carry out the investigation of the State Police, in
effect the accused undertaking the investigation, a totally hollow gesture.
Would Nrs. Ross stop and consider:
When an accused is brought into our
courts, who has done the investigation? The accused? Certainly not.1
The accused u1ay defend himself but he never does the investigation
for the State.
While some people consider themselves a step and a half above
the Indians, - I hope they are not too tall to st.oqp into the teepee of
the Indian and to learn the Indian's point of view.
•
•
X
X
X
X·
-X
X
X
LETTERS
Dear Edi tor:
The Issue of.Feb. 16, 1968, the Bureau of Human Relations (paper)
The Church vVorld, had an article of Passamaquoddy Indians. The paper
This is
said that the cb�ldren were given lolly po s for breakfast.
untr.ue, because I have taken a Survey of Pleasant Point Reservation and
I have asked the mothers of what they feed their children for Breakfast.
They all told me that they feed those children.
l. Bacon & eggs or saussages 5. Mix Cereal
6. Oatmeal
2. Juice & milk
7. Pancakes
3. Toast
8. Doughnuts
4. Dry cereal
These people all so said that who wrote that article in The Church
These
World can't prove we give our children lolly pops for breakfast.
people I spoke to said to me that if they gave lolly pops to their child
ren it would be�a miracle if they can be filled up with candy. Because
(Continued on page 5)
�- 5( Letters
continued from page 4.)
cost 29• a bag, it would be a cheap breakfas
t & sup�cr & dinner,
if they can live on candy.
So I wish who ever writes about children like
this please raake sure it is true before it
is put in the paper.
Don't
fie about ·other people's children.
they only
Sincerely,
Elizabeth Stanl�y
Cowmunity Action Aide
Pleasant Point
( Editor's note; The article
on page 21.
There are over
Perry,
which Mrs.
04667
Maine
Stanley speaks of will
be reprinte d
_
ten photographs accompanying the article.
The Church World shows in one of the photographs three children, two of
whom are eating lolly pops.
The children go: unidentified, as well as
all the other photographs of Indians and the Indian home:.
·:vhile a pic-
. ture is worth a thousand vords, the captions under the photographs
seem to add a thousand more words to depict the ,'1deplorable11 conditions.
)
De�r Editor:
Recently I have been getting equipment ft-0£1 those people 2.nd these
are the list of things which the people from Maine have ·sent to the
Passar,.iaquoddy Indian Reservation.
Sewing material froi.1 Hathaway, Inc.,
·1aterville,
i•laine;
Ample I•1ills,
two boxes of material from i rs.
material from Guilford,
Brewer,
Maine;
knitting equipment from
l'!aine;
of patterns from Miss J.
Et�1el Cawpbell,
Portland,
lfuitting instructions and se•ving instructions fron Sarah \fj lson,
Machias,
aine; and also ten dollar check fro,J Ers. Foster Branch, vhnthrop,
Augusta,
I.aine;
one big box
Marston, So,
laine;
1'iaine;
and last of all,
se ing clachines,
Feb.
the Portland Zonta Club have delivered and donated
22, 1968.
So we have three new sewitlg machines.
Sewing classes will be held at the �ribal Hall tnis ltlonth.
to these people for their generosity.
p.�.
7
Also we have knitting classes every Thursdcly,
office.
Sincere thanks
at the C.A.F.
All the girls are making hand knitted sweaters and slippers.
Thank you,
Elizabeth Stanley
CouuJunity Action Aide
Pleasant Point
Perry
Dear Mrs.
,
Maine
04667
Thompson:
Enclosed is an announcement concerning a superb new
travel fellow
ship op1ortunity_ being sponsored by the English-Speaking Union,
1Br·1nch.
New York
T� o fellowships are being offered to residents of New England and
I
New York.
Applic�tions must be received by April
15, 1968.
felt that the quickest way to-pass the wazrl.-,�ong Indian people
in your area is to send this announcement to yoµ so that you rJight
publish the details in your newsletter.
May I also take this opportunity to cong�atul�te you on the news
letter,
{hich is a valuable source of infor�ation to ev�ryone concerned
with Indian problems.
Virginia S.
Sincerely yours,
(11rs.
)
Hart
Speciul Assistant
( Comi .unica tions )
U.S.
to the Cor.tii issioner
..
Bureau of Indian Affairs
(Cortinued of pa_e
6)
�(��tt€ s continued from page 5)
(6)
A N � 0 U C E M E N T
Applications are invited for
TdO iJINSTON CHURChILL TR. VELI1 ·G F:SLLO 51:.IPS
�roviairi� nfi 6��ortunity f6 c�rrY out an ima"11 �tive proj�ct to be_ "io
posed by the successful candidates in the �ecial fields of inte.L·est, in
British Commonwealth countries.
The grants�ill provide for three to
six mon.:ths of professional consultation, field trips, and on-the-job a
assignments in Commonwealth countries, and will fay all expenses of travel
to, from, and in the host countries, plus a reasonable allowance for
living expenses and incidentals.
Stipends will average r4ooo.
1
CAl�DIDA'r."s must be United States citizens, residents of or working in
New York or one of the New England St�tes, and active in one of the
folJowing fields:
local, st te, or national politics;
Govern�ent and Public Service:
civil service.
C<?E!!nunica tions: mass media; schools of journalism; schools of
COtr.lf1unications.
Health and Social Services:
comwunity welfare; physicQl rehabilit
ation;
social security; pover�y prograills.
?lanning:
urban and rural planning; urban redevelo� ent; derao6raphy;
conservation; recla�ation; transport�tion.
FOR APP1_,IC.H.TIOE FORMS .�RITE
Q..h�rchill Traveling Fellowships, New York Branch,
_
English-S eaking Union of the United States,
1 0021
16 East 9th Street, New York, U.Y.
APPLICATIONS MUST BE TIBTURNED ro ThE ENG LISH _SPEAKING u ION BY APRIL 1 5,$
g
Dear Eugenia Thompson,
The subject of this enclosed article is of r;reat importance to
v le would �reatly appreciate
the Passamaquoddy Indians at Pleasant Point.
your putting this article in The ?-i1aine Indian Ne1rnle tter.
Sincerely,
Joseph Mitchell
Governor
Passamaquoddy Indians
Pleasant Point,
1 4667
Perry, Maine
(Editor's note:
the enclosed article is �rinted as follows.
The subject
is
well, read on.
A very good case for the preservation of t�1e Indian
basket-,,!aking art, as well earning a living.)
About half the people living on the Pleasant Point reservation are
largely supported by the skillful labor of Passamaquoddy Iilen u1aking scale
baskets.
Fish factories and fishermen need thousands of these rugged
Indian baske�s every year to hold fish scales, and lobsters, herring,
and shrimp. But these large baskets are made of hard, tough ash.
And ash
trees are becoilling scarce for the Passamaquoddy Indians.
Passauaquoddy sons early learn from their fathers the art of eaving
the strips of ash into lasting baskets, held together not by nails or glue,
The ash strips are peeled from an ash trunk
but by �rt and ingenuity.
The
that has been pounded for 2 or 3 hours by hand with a heavy club.
ash trunks are cut from som� lands privately o�ned in Aroostook County.
Only a few private land owners have given the Passanaquoddy Indians per
&ission to cut ash.
(C6ntinu d oh page 21)
..
•
•
•
�(7 )
PINE TREE LEGAL ASSISTANCE WORKS ON TEST CASES
Trying test cases is rapidly becoming one of the most popular forms of re
creation in legal services programs, and Pine Tree Legal Assistance is no ex
ception.
Spokesmen for Pine Tree, Maine's statewide program to provide lawyers
for the poor, announced recently the commencement of a concerted drive to chal
lenge present law on a number of points.
In announcing the increased effort, Charles Tenney, Pine Tree"s Chief At
torney, pointed out that a "test case" may be designed to challenge not only
the law as it is written, but the way in which officials charged with carrying
the law into effect behave as well.
he said.
"Problems arise not only with bad laws,"
"We see almost an equal number of injustices resulting from maladmin
istration of the law."
If the law is constitutional and is being followed,
Tenney indicated that a test case would be an exercise in sheer futility.
sole recourse at that point is to attempt to change the law.
The
Millard Emanuelson,
President of the Corporation, pointed out that "our lawyers consider the good
ness or badness of a law in light of its impact on their clients.
may differ in their judgments.
Legislators
Nevertheless, the poor ought to be heard on what
they think the law ought to be."
s
With the next regular session of the legislature over a year away, Pine
Tree has not yet come up with a definite package of proposals for change.
Ten
ney indicated, however, that proposals very likely would be made in several
areas:
welfare, juvenile courts, housing, and domestic relations.
Meanwhile,
Pine Tree's efforts will be concentrated on test cases to the extent that reg
ular caseloads permit.
Pine Tree has already successfully challenged a state Department of Health
and Welfare practice of taking a child from its natural parent for "temporary"
custody without notice to the parent and without the parent's having an oppor
tunity to be heard.
Attorneys for Pine Tree petitioned the court for a writ of
habeas corpus, alleging an unconstitutional denial of due process in failing to
provide the mother of a child with notice and a hearing.
The Department agreed
to return the child when the court in an informal conference indicated that he
would grant the writ
didn't.
(order the child returned to its natural parent)
if they
Health and Welfare officials have since agreed to abandon their prac
tice.
Pine Tree action on behalf of an inmate of the Women's Reformatory in Skow
hegan was also effective in instigating an abandonment of the practice, pre
nie arraignment is that point in a criminal proceeding at which the accused is
viously followed in some district courts, of mass arraignments of defendants.
advised of his rights.
he is waiving.
He may waive such rights, but he must understand what
In the mass arraignment, it is difficult
{if ngt impossible)
for
the court to determine whether the individual has made an effective waiver.
Currently in preparation are cases which draw in question the validity of a
number·� of state statutes, and policies and practices under them.
Recently in
Portland, a woman who had received public assistance from the city was denied
The denial was based on
by the city desk a certificate necessary for marriage.
a state statute prohibiting the issuance of such a certificate " • • • • to a state,
where the overseers of such town where the pauper re
city, or town pauper,
sides deposit a list of their state, city or town paupers with the clerk • • • • "
Pine Tree learned that neither the city c}erk nor any other city official had
such a list.
"Even if they did," Tenney said, "the st�tute.is ·pretty. unconsti
futinnal.
It conditions the right to marry on one's affluence; and that's a
He added that it was very likely a denial of one's
civil rights as well and that federal court action was being considered to endenial of equal protection.''
join the practice.
Pine Tree lawyers are also readying challenges to several Health and Wel
(Contin�ed on Page 8)
�(u)
PI NE TREE LEGAL
(Continued from Page 7 )
•
•
•
•
fare pol icie s .
Among the m are the ce i l i ngs place d on payme nts under A.F . D . C .
(Aid to Fami l ie s with Depend e nt Ch ildre n) and the maxinrurn grant ava i l ab l e und e r
the cat e go ri cal a i d pro gram .
I n t he first ins t ance , ch i ld re n in l arge fami l ie s
s uffer b e caus e the fund s availab le e xt e nd t o cove r a maximum o f seven ch i ld re n·
'
in the s e cond s i t uat ion, the e ntire fami l y suffers b e caus e the grant made may
be far b e l ow wh at i s actual ly needed fo r the fami l y to live on.
O n t ap fo r the int e rmed iat e future are case s in wh i ch Pine Tree wi l l rai se
s uch i s s ue s as the valid i ty o f the confine me nt o f al l juveni le d e l inque nt s i n
st ate i ns t i t utio ns ; t h e l egal i t y o f s choo l pol i cie s and pract ice s in suspe nd ing,
e xpe l l i ng and denying re-ad mi s s io n to s t ud e nt s wi thout provid ing fair he arings
to the s t ud e nt ; and t he uncons cio nab i l i ty of ce rtain ins tal l me nt contract s fo r
cheap and s o metime s wo rth l e s s me rchand i s e at outrage ous ly infl ated price s .
(From a Pine Tree Legal As s i s t ance , I nc. Ne ws Re l e as e by Charl e s W. Te nne y , Ji
HA IL TO
THE CH IEF
Ch i e f Burning Foo t , s eve n-e igh th s Scots-Irish and one -e ighth Ind ian, wear
i ng a "Mary Po ppins Love s Reagan" button, anno unced he wo uld b e · a cand idate for
the pre s ide ncy of the Uni ted State s .
Ch ie f pl at fo rm p o int s : Re turn of s t ol e n
I nd ian l and s and a b an o n TV f i l ms abo ut Gene ral Cus t e r .
(Se e n i n t h e Mont real Star-contribut ed by Nich o l as Smith)
NICHOLAS & BROOKS TO ATTEND TRAINI NG PROGRAM
De ar Edito r ,
Though t yo u migh t l ike t o put th i s in a fut ure i s sue of the ne ws l e t t e r .
John H . N i chol as and I are goi ng t o Wi s co ns i n fo r a s ix wee k course in a compre
h e ns ive traini ng program that i s b e i ng o f fe red by the Ce nte r for Communi ty Le ad
er sh ip Deve l opment , Unive rs i ty Ext e ns io n , Unive rs i t y of Wi s cons in, at Mad i son,
Wi s co ns in. The pri mary obj e ct ive s of the s ix wee k course are to t rain pe opl e
fro m rural are as who can the n re t urn to the se are as t o h e l p prov ide e f fe ctive
l e ad e rs h i p in the deve l opme nt of communi t y act ion pro grams . To be e f fe ctive ,
the s e ind ividual s mus t kno w how to use the t e chnique s of community organizat i on,
how to pre pare a prop osal that mee t s d ocumented nee d s , ho w t o se cure furthe r
te ch n i cal as s i s t ance when needed , and h o w t o coope rate and coord inate with o ther
'
organi zed e ffort s t o e l iminat e pove rty . Fo l l ow-up service s to graduat e s wi l l
i nclude as s i s tance i n s e curing e mpl oyment with , o r advance ment in, a community
act ion or re l at ed program.
The firs t two wee ks o f the .t raining program wil l comb ine cl as s room s tudy ,
group d i s cus s ions , and workshops . Thi s wi l l i nclude :
review of current s ocial
cond it ions and prob le m s ; int ro d uct i o n to the cause s of pove rty , means of identi
fy i ng the nee d s o f a community , int e rpre tat ion and p re s e nt at ion o f s tatis t ical
dat a ; id e nti f i cation and s tudy of fede ral , s t ate and private pro grams (de s igned
to promote s ocial ch ange ) ; practical exercis e s to deve l op admini s trat ive ski l l s ;
mob i l i zat ion and coord i nat ion o f re s ource s ; program deve lopme nt and �valuat ion;
program propo s al wri ti ng ; acco unting, fi s cal and reporting proced ure s ; s ocial
act ion te ch nique s o f working w i th various s ocio -e conomic groups with in a commun
i t y; h uman re l atio ns , pub l i c re l at ions , communicat ion and l e ad e rsh ip .
The th i rd and fourth wee ks wil l be spent i n actual f i e l d s ituations . The
traine e s wi l l b e d iv ided into teams and as s igned to o n-the -job training s ite s
whe re , unde r s up e rv i s ion, the y wfl l ob s e rve actual p rograms in operat ion. Dur
i ng the f i nal two wee ks , b ack at the Mad i s on campus , the t rainee s wi l l eval uate
the ir f i e l d experience s , and re f ine the ir own skil l s and technique s in program
(Continued on Page 9 )
�(9)
NICHOLAS & BROOKS-LETTER
(Co ntinued from Page 8)
developme nt ope rat ions . Se s s ions will be he ld on the implications of ne w leg
i s latio n and on po li cy change s with in O EO and related programs . Training work
s ho ps will afford the m an opportu nity to d raw u pon fie ld exxerie nce s and the ir
ho me s i tu atio ns in de s i gni ng model commu nity development programs . Upon gradu
ation , the t rainee will be equ ipped with many bas ic skills needed fo r e ffective
e mplo yment in a community deve lopment agency le ad i ng to po s i t ions of re s pons i
b i li ty and le aders hi p.
Since re ly ,
Morri s Brooks
P . S . -We ' ll be leaving February 14 in order to rece ive some mo ney from Elaine
Zimmerman at the Rockafe lle r Ce ntre in Rockville , N. Y. on Febru ary 15 , for a
mu seu m lib rary .
STUDY TO DETERMINE VIEWS OF INDIANS
ON EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES
Ind i an hi gh s cho ol gradu ate s in s ix s t ate s will be int e rviewe d to de te rmine
the ir views ab ou t t he ir edu cational experience s .
The No rthwe s t Regional Educat ional Laboratory wi t h ad mini s t rative office s
in Po rtland , O re gon, is condu ct ing a st udy to find ou t wh at has happened to t he
196 2 h i gh s cho o l gradu at e s , accord ing to Al Selinge r , s tudy dire ctor. Coope ra
ting with the Labo rat ory are the State De partme nt s of Ed ucati on, Bureau of In
d ian Affai rs , tribal groups , and local schoo l d i s trict s .
All I nd ian s tudent s who graduated from high school in 196 2 in Id aho , Mon
The
tana, Oregon, Wash i ngton, and North and Sou t h Dako t a are now be ing located .
I nd ians have atte nded federal board ing s chools , .Private and paro chial h igh
scho ols , and publi c s choo ls .
Trained pe rs onnel will the n interview approx i mate ly 600 of the graduat e s .
The Study focu s e s o n the Indian gradu at e ' s vie ws of h i s educational exper
ience s , both h i gh schoo l and po s t h igh s choo l .
Th e pDoje ct i s part o f the Labo r8tory's goal t o deve lop and d i s se minate
ins tructional and cou nse ling sys tems to help ove rcome the edu cat ional inequ ali
tie s which impai r o pportunitie s fo r Ind i an s tude nt s and to enlarge coope rative
relat ionsh ips with o ther community age ncie s .
Find i ngs of the s tudy, part icularly impli cat ions for t ribal groups and
s chools atte mpting to improve Ind i an Edu cation, will be prepared for d i s tribu
tion next fall.
The No rthwe s t Re gional Educational Laboratory is a nonpro fit organizatio n
work ing with s ch ools and other age ncie s in'.the No rth we s t re gion to improve ed
u cation by applying the find ings o f ne w re s 3arch and techno logy .
(From the Sioux Journal, Eagle Bu tte . Sou t h Dako ta, Jan-Feb 1968)
KNOW YOUR HERITAGE
By Red Cloak
A
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SOME CH IPPEWA BURIAL PRACTICES
'fi'le trad itional Chippewa Burial Ce remo nie s as practiced on Red Lake con
s i s t of a h igh ly s tructu red s e t of s ymbo lic practi ce s wh ich are carried out
during he four day s following an Ind i an ' s de ath . Thi s short account can do no
more th.in touch the surface in portraying these practice s and explaining the ir
(Continued on Page 10 )
�(10 )
KNOW YOUR HERITAGE
(C o nt i nued from Page 9)
me ani ngs .
The d e ath o f a Ch ippe wa i s trad itionally announc e d by the fi ring o f a gun.
I f the ne wly d e c e as e d pe rson was an adult, seve n s ho ts are fir�d . Fo llowing the
p re p aration o f a b urial s i te , the d e c e as e d i s re moved from h i s home by rela
tive s . He i s s lowly turned in a c ircle four t i me s , the n c arried to the b urial
s i te .
The grave i ts e lf i s d ug four fee t int o the ground . An up s ide d o wn t ot e m
mus t b e plac e d a t the f o o t o f t h e grave be fore any oth e r materials are s e t in
plac e . The body i s p lac e d in a wooden c as ke t wh ich i s lowered into the grave .
Bo ard s are th e n laid ac ro s s the to p o f the grave and a mound o f e arth i s s e t
o v e r the board s .
The s oul o f the deceased will h e ar the c all o f the b ird as he
ne ars the e nd of h i s four d ay journey t o the land of the Ind ians .
Late r , afte r the soul h as re ache d i ts d e s t inat io n and the c e re me ni al ac tiv
i t ie s have c e ase d , a s mall h ut will be bui lt above the b rave . A s mall tri
angular h o le will be c ut i n t h e we s t s id e o f the h ut i n o rder that the s p irit c an
pas s out of the grave .
The I nd ian i s b uried on h i s b ac k with h i s he ad fac i ng e as t and h i s kne e s drawn
up . Along s id e h im in the grave are plac e d s mall s ymbo ls of a bow, an arrow,
The s e are the mat e rials
a b lanke t , a ke ttle , an axe , food s , and mocc as ins .
wh ich he will nee d on h i s jo urney.
H i s fac e i s painted red to symb oli ze th at he i s an Ind ian, fo r Non-Ind ians
will trave l to a d i f fe re nt afterworld upon the ir d e ath . The pers o n who i s
h alf-white and h alf-I nd i an h a s no afte rworld i n wh ich h e i s ac c e p ted . H e i s
rele gated t o a k ind o f limbo with no pe rmane nt re s ti ng place o f ·h app i ne s s . I t
i s h e re that a n I nd i an will be reunited wi th all h i s relat ive s and frie nd s who
I t i s h e re he will rec e ive an ab undance
h ave pre c e e d e d h i m tQ the afte rworld .
There will be s inging,
of eve ryth i ng that he h as c ove ted in h i s fo rme r world.
d anc ing, and laugh te r.
The journey o f the Ind ian ' s soul i nto th i s land o f happine s s h as four
phas e s , o ne for e ach of the s t ratum in the e arth th ro ugh wh ich he mus t pas s .
During every s tage o f h i s journey , fri e nd s and relative s s tand vigil ove r
h i s g rave , s i nging , s o ngs wh i sh d e s c ribe h i s journe y and aid h i m i n h i s tasks .
A h e ad s e nd o f f man, c alled Nee Gan Ne Me h Ja E Nay Ne Neh Ne e , who h as learned
all the ph as e s o f the so ul's j o urne y , le ad s the s inging . There may be as many
as four d e s i gnate d s e nd o f f me n at a c e re me ny.
The s oul leave s the grave e ach ni ght at dusk for four c ons e c ut ive · evenings
Each d awn
and t rave ls th rough o ne s t ratum pe rfo rming nume rous s ymbo lic task s .
the s o ul re turns to the bod y t o re s t unt i l the next eve ni ng' s journe y . O n the
fourth evening, the Ind ian so ul make s i ts pe rmane nt depart ure to the land o f
hap p i ne s s s o the . v i gil ove r the grave c e ase s .
The I nd i an's pas s age b e twee n t wo world s following h i s de ath i s pe rc e ived
by the Ch ippewa as a c omplex , s t ruc t ured s e t o f event s , all of wh ich have a
Only a very fe w o f t he s e eve nt s c ould be de
s ymbo lic , religious meani ng.
The deepe s t meaning o f the �e remo ny i s o f the s ymbo l ic
s c ri b e d i n th i s art ic le .
journe y o f the I nd ian's s o ul into that happine s s .
(From the Red Lake Re s e rvatio n News , Red Lake , Minn . , 2 /9/6 8 )
CHANGE O F ADDRESS
****
Ple ase no t i fy us as s o o n as po s s i le i f you h ave any ch ange o f add re s s . ****
TI1ank you for your many le tte rs . We e njoy re �d ing the m . We may be a li t t le s lo w
i n ans wering your s pec i f ic que s t io ns , but you'll b e h e aring from us so on.
�� !. : )
INDIAN TP,EATIES
(Co�tiu�ed from
P�ge 2)
i
r·ac:1 �Tear among said tribe, in such manner as that the-:r uants shall
e most
e3sen�id ly supplied, and their business most effectua1ly supr0rted •
And it
.
is further agreed by and on the part of said tribe, :.:hat the said C0i.-�om;realth
shall have a right at all times hereafter to make and keep open all nec�ssary
roads, through any lands hereby reserved for the future use of said tribe.
And that the citizens of said Connnonwealth shall have a right to pass and repass
any of the rivers, streams, and ponds ... which run through any of the lands
hereby reserved, for the purpose of transporting their timter and other articles
through the same.
In witness whereof,
and seal."
the parties aforesaid have h£reunto set our hands
(The above copy of the treaty of 1818 is then signed by the respective
parties.
It was then witnessed and recorded.
The Penobscot Reservation is nowhere near the size today that it was in
1818.
In the next few Newsletters the various treaties and resolves will
be printed showing how our Penobscot Reservation has come to be so dimished.
same information is found relating to the Passamaquoddy Tribe,
l.ncJ ndcd also. - Ed.)
1818 .
Also the Newsletter will print some of the treaties made before
As the
this will be
SIOUX LAl·1MAKER DETAILS INDIAN FUTURE - PROBLEl1S, ATTITUDES
(The following article appeared in the January 196 7 issue of 11The Optimist Mag
azine."
Its author, Rep. Ben Reifel, is a-member of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe
and a former U.S.Bureau of Indian Affairs employee.
Congress from South Dakota since
1 961 . )
He has been a member of
American Indians on U.S .. reservations and in many cities like Minneapolis
and Chicago are amongst the lowest income groups of our society.
This results
from a shortage of jobs and/or s�ills on the reservations and in the cities,
usually because of lack of social and technical preparation.
The Federal Government, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the
churches, via their missonary programs, worked hard for 100 years to educate,
but it uas not until 1 92 8 that high school training for Indians got under way
in any great measure.
Only in the last twenty years have Indian children had
all 12 grades available to them.
·ar on Poverty programs are adding to Bureau of Indian Affa:lrs' efforts.
Pre-school projects were initiated 30 years ago,
funded.
but never were adequately
?-!ow with Office of Economic Opportunity efforts on a nat'ionwide scale,
Indians are getting some help in this area of-education.
Increased attention to disadvantaged minorities growing out of recent
civil rights legislation will tend to focus national interest on social and
economic deficiencies among Indians •
•
•
•
People everywhere are slow to change.
20 , 000 years before Columbus or Leif Ericson.
The Indians were here probably
The life-ways of the many Indian
peoples' cultures are not easily uprooted and they should not be.
Yet,
�ome
hold back social change necessary to a meaningful modern American existence.
Here are some basics in this regard:
1.
T·Je Americans pride ourselves on our capacity to conquer nature
(space) - the Indian's main reliance was on his ability to live
We Americans predicate our actions on
in harmony with nature.
For example,
Indians historically lived for today.
tomorrow.
Americans look at their watches not to see the time it is, but
to see what time it isn't yet!
2.
1
Americans through their acquisitiveness strive to accumulate prop
(Continued on Page 12)
�12)
( Con t in ued from Page 11)
ty whi c h in gener al is pre stige f 11.
r�<l� .,ns !°''l -; sha-.,.
·---��'("
go ods ma inly as a h i storical kind of soc i c:..l . ':'''H:. lt y an..i in p�i:-t
to achieve st at ure among the ir own peer s .
By the ve":·y na t ure o f
o ur soc i e t y this " sharing , ii wh i l e a f ine gestu :e i n e xprc..s sing
bro therhood to man , t oo o �en is carr ied to a faul t in i t s appl ica
t ion in o ur modern t ime s.
e
-
3.
He Amer i c an s are o b se ssed wi th schedul e s .
We mal:e e xc use s to o ur
asso c iate s when ·we don ' t show up on time for appo intme n t s .
Ind ians
p l ace no gre a t stor e on this phenomenon we re fer to as •;time . "
They
even l a c k a word for it i n the ir l anguage .
4.
An impor tant par t of o ur American e conomic deve lopmen t i s based on
per sona l savings and the ir pro f i tab l e r e inv e st ment .
In the nature
o f things Ind i ans found i t to the ir d i sadvan tage to save .
5.
Ame r i c an s thro ugh a long pro c e ss of many generations have d eve loped
In
a h i gh r e gard for wor k a s a par t o f the ir fami ly upbringin g .
t h e Ind ian s ' hunting and food-ga thering e c onomy, t h e men were warr iors
and hun t er
The ted io us tasks to ma in tain the fami ly and the
l o ca l c o mmun i ty wer e le ft to the o ld men and women.
Thi s was e ssen
t i a l t o e xi sten c e in a t er r i tory where tr i be s wer e con t inua l l y war
r ing against each o ther.
•
The for e go in g signif i c an t d i f ferences have been overcome e f fe ctive ly wi th
e duc a t ion and job o ppor t un i t i e s .
Un for tuna te ly, as ind i cated e ar l ier , work
for a money economy is no t read i l y avai l abl e on the r e serva t ions.
Ind ividuals
who hav� r e sponded t o e d uc a t i o and have an e ffe c t ive d e sire for a d e cent l eve l
of l iv i n g have f o und i t n e c e ssar y to l e ave the r e servations • • •
Ind i an s can chan ge wit ho ut lo sing the subst an ce o f the ir c ul t ure.
There
ar e suf f i c i e n t e xamp l e s everywher e by wh ich we and the Indians can take he ar t • • •
(From Ind ian Re c o rd , Hashington , D . C. , F e br uary 19 6 8 )
TRIBAL HOUSIPG AIDE NAMED
EAS TPORT - Fran c i s S ap i e l has been se l e c t e d ho using coord inator ·for the
Sapie l was born
Passamaquo dd y Triba l Co un c i l s ' Co mmun i t y Action Pro gram.
He i s marr ied t o the
and e duc a t ed in Old Town and is a !or ld War II ve teran.
former Mar y Ni cho l a s of Pleasant Point and has e igh t chi ldren.
Upon b e in g se l e c ted , S ap i e l i ssued the fo l lo wing st a tement:
111 have under t ake n the par t of Housing Coord ina tor of bo th Passamaquod d y
Reserva t ions in Washington Coun t y b e c a use the r e serva t ion i s my home and the
home of my p e o pl e • • • • "
11More peo p l e wan t t o o wn their o w� homes .
The people want homes to·be
avai lab l e , and the y want to d e c ide , thro ugh their Tribal Housing Authoritie s ,
wher e the home s wi l l be p la c e d .
&ow there i s no de cent ho using ava i l a ble ,
even for per sons wi t h higher income .
Housing i s poor and is ge t ting dep lorable . ';
"The Passamaquo dd y peo p l e need a ho us ing program that wi l l of fer warm
I am d e t ermined to he l p
and good housing to per sons of a l l income leve l s.
the p e o p l e o n the Passamaquodd y Reservations cre ate and c arry thro ugh whatever
t yp e of ho using prbgra m the y ·wan t .11
The �for the 19th carried a
(From the Bangor D ai l y News, 2 / 2 3/ 68 .
p i c t ur e o f John Ni cho las and Mor r i s Brooks , o f Pleasan� Point and Indian Town
ship Re servations resp e c tive l y , on the ir d e par t ure for a 6 -wee ks tr aining pro
See le tter on Page 8 , thi s i s s ue . - Ed .)
gram for CAP o f f ic i a l s in Wi sconsin.
�(lS)
I
CO�OP CRAF T TEACHDYG UEVIVE S OLD S T!"LLS
A ne v exper iment in a coopera t ive craf t t e aching progr am on a connuen i ty
c a s i s is now und erway in the Nu lterry Commun i ty , near S t i lwe l l , Cidahoma .
The e f for t i s j o in t ly sponsored by the Cheroke e Tr i�e , t he peop . e of the
Mu lberry Commun i ty , the loca l schoo l d i s t r i c t and the u . s . ure au of Ind ian
Affair s .
I t s aim is to teach local adu l t s the ski l l s nece s s ary for them to
produce high qua l i ty cra f t i t ems .
.
Among the ski l l s taugh t ar e s p l i t whi t e oak baske t ry , po t t ery and ceramic s ,
t ex t i l e s , and s ewing .
Among the t e achers is Ge orge Gibso n of Spr ing f ie l d ,
Ark . , who ha s been making and s e l l ing taske t s for the pas t 60 of his 7 7 year s .
�hen the s tuden t s comp l e te t he ir course of ins tru ct ion they wi l l b e e l ig
ib l e to j o in a cra f t a s s o c i a t ion i n the ir home commun i ty .
F ir s t qua l i ty
i t ems produc e d by cr a f t smen find a ready marke t through the Oklahoma Cheroke e
Ar t s and Cr af t s Center .
(From Ind i an Record , Washing ton , D . C . , January 1 9 6 8 )
__
S TUDY DE110UCE S IND IAN AID E ILL
{ Sp e c i a l to The Time s from The Was hing ton Po s t )
HAS HINGTON - A s tudy b a s e d on the s e cr e t find ings o f a Hhi t e Hou s e task
for c e ca l l s for ma j or chang e s in the way the government he lps Amer i c an Ind i an s .
The s tudy , wr i t ten by He rbert E . S tr iner of the W . E . Up j ohn In s t i tu t e for
Emp l oymen t Re s earch , say s the governmen t mu s t s top t re a t ing Ind ians as 1 1 s imp le
mind ed chi ldren . 1 1
I t also at tacks the Adminis trat ion ' s Ind ian e conomic aid
b i l l , pend ing in Congre s s , as showing 1 1 a trag ic mi sconcept ion • · o f the ir r e a l
need s .
Au t hor S tr iner says he \vro te the s tudy on his mm for Congre s s ' Jo in t
Economi c Commi t te e .
But o thers say S triner was a t ask for ce member , and has
inc lud e d a number of the 1 9 66 pane l ' s never -re leased con c lu s ions as we l l as hi s
own .
The s tudy b las t s the economi c-aid measure , sen t to Cap i t o l Hi l l l a s t May ,
for 1 : comp l e t e ly ' 1 ignor ing In<l ian ne e d s for educat ion , training , hou s ing , \1e l fare
and he a l th he l p " a t a leve l of fund ing never proper ly unders tood . "
(From the S t . Pe t ersburg ( F l a . ) Time s , 2 / 14 / 68 - submi t t ed by a r e ader . )
SEP .
KEHIIBDY
SAYS IND IAN "FORGOTTElln
F OR T HALL , Idaho - (AP) - Sen . r.ob e r t F . Kennedy , D-lI . Y . , t o l d Ind i an � ,
Mr . Kennedy , chairman of a Sena t e
"You d on ' t have to a c c e p t the s e cond i t i on s . "
subcommi t t e e on Ind ian Educat ion , tour ed the snow- swep t F t . Ha l l Ind ian Re serva
t ion ye s terd ay , vi s i t ing schoo l s , hea l th fac i l i t ie s and Ind i an home s .
He s a id the Ind ian is the · forgo t t en American : : and i s behind the Negro ,
Puer to Ri can and Mex ican -American in the aid he is r e c e iving in r i s ing above
pove r ty .
The le\·7 York Demo crat c i t ed the schoo l drop -ou t r a t e , the uns a t i s
fac tory cond i t ion o f Ind ian educa t ion , the $ 1 , 500 average annual income o f
working Ind i an s , a n unemp loymen t r a t e 10 t ime s tha t of whi t e s , the ir 1 0-year s
shor ter l if e s pan , and a child death rate twic e tha t of the whi t e popu lat ion .
(From the Providence . (R . I . ) Evening B u l l e t in , 1 / 3/ 68 - submi t te d by a
read er . >
.
PLEASANT POINT VISTA PICTURED
D a i ly News o f F ebruary 26th carried a p i c ture of Ple a s an t Poin t
11le E angor
VIS TA Uorke r , An thony P-ex Thoma s , t e aching an ar ithme t i c c l a s s to Pas s amaquoddy
Thoma s t eache s 6 r ead ing c l a s s e s and 1 ar ithme t i c c la s s and hope s ·
s tuden t s .
to e s t ab l i sh an on-the - j ob train ing program b e fore l eaving the Res ervat ion a t
C l a s s e s a r e h e l d in a t empor
the end of h i s o n e y e ar tour -of-duty i n Augus t .
ar y c l a s sroom l o aned by the governor and tribal coun c i l to the Dep t . of Educ a t ion .
�( 14 )
WANTED :
DEPUTY COMMIS S IONER OF HIDIAH AFFAT-:'..
Tb e Maine S t a te D epar tment of Ind ian Af fair s is now ac t ive ly recru i t ing
for a D E p u t y Commi s s ioner , a po s i t ion approved by the S e p t emb er s pe c ia l
s e s s ion o f the 103rd Leg i s la ture .
Announcemen t s o f t h e new opening a. r e b e ing
c ir cu l a t e d by the D epar tment of Per s onne l and the Ind ian Af fair s Depar t�ent ,
both wi thin and ou t s id e of Maine , as s t a te r e s idency requiremen t s have b een
waived for this po s i tion.
The Depu ty wi l l b e r e s pons ib le for " p l ann ing , deve l o p ing and admini s tering
a var i e ty of s t a t e and feder a l con s tru c t ion program s 1 1 on the 3 Re s ervat ions
in Maine.
He w i l l b e r e s pon s ib le " in conjunc tion with trib a l off icial s for
d e termining prior i t ie s of cap i t a l improvemen t pr o j e c t s needed on the Re serva t ions ;
for exp lor ing var ious me thod s by wh ich such pro j e c t s may be financed and con
s truc t e d ; and for prov iding adminis trative and te chnical a s s i s tance to the
Tr ibe s and o ther r e s our c e s for capi tal improvement pro j e c t s . "
Current a c t iv i t i e s on al l 3 Re s ervat ions invo lve federa l ly-as s i s t ed s ewage ,
water and hous ing pr ograms , under the d ir e c tion of the 3 R e s erva tion Hous ing
Au thor i t i e s .
From Augu s t ' 66 through Decemb er 1 6 7 , Mr . An thony Ka l i s s , as a
s ta f f member of the Ame r ican Fr iend s Serv i ce Commi t te e a s s igne d to the Dept. o f
Ind i an A f f a ir s , h a s b e e n per forming the above func tion s wi th the 3 R e servat ions
and ( s ince the ir forma t i on ) the Tr i b a l Hous ing Author i t i e s .
Mr . Kal i s s is
now t empor ar i ly o c cupying the Depu ty ' s po s i t ion un t i l such time a s a permanent
Deputy is hire d ; he is not app lying for the po s i tion h ims e l f.
The work of the Deputy Commi s s ioner w i l l require " con s iderab le ab i l ity
t o int erpr e t t e chn i c a l pr ogram r equir ement s to Tr ibal and non-Ind ian individuals
and o f f i c i a l s , and t o interpr e t the nee d s and concerns o f the Re s ervat ion r e s i
d en t s to appropr i a t e s ta t e and federal agency repr e senta tive s . "
The Deputy
wi l l exer c i s e " a high degree of independ e n t j udgment in analy z ing and s o lv ing
t e chn i ca l and admin i s trat ive prob lems . "
Bas i c qua l i f ic a t ion s for thi s important new po s i t ion inc lud e " con s iderab le
r e spon s ib l e exper ience in deal ing and working with minor i ty and / or underd eve l oped
group s , inc lud ing exper ience in an admini s trat ive or supervisory capac i ty ; and
gradua t ion from a Four-year co l lege or un iver s i ty with spec ial i z a t ion in so cial
s c ience s , l iberal ar t s or r e l a te d areas . "
1 1Ab i l i t y to expr e s s id e a s c l early and conc i s e ly , ora l ly and in -wr i t ing ,
i s impor t ant .
Suf f i c ient phy s i ca l s t amina to trave l ex tens ive ly and t o a t tend
many even ing mee t ings , and the ab i l i ty to dr ive a car and the ava i l ab i l i ty o f
a c a r are e s s en t i a l . 1 1
The Deputy ' s po s i t ion is a c l as s i f i e d s t ate c iv i l s ervice one � wi th a :
Regu lar s a l ary increa s e s wou ld eventu a l ly
s tar t ing · s a l ary o f $ 1 69. 00 per week .
b r ing thi s to $ 20 6 . 00 per week , over a per iod of year s at current pay s ca le s .
As in a l l c l a s s i f ie d s ta t e po s i t ions , th�s one a ls o invo .lve s such " fr inge"
b e ne f i t s as promo t iona l oppor tuni t i e s , l iberal vacat ion and s ick leave , r e t ire
men t programs , ho s p i ta l coverage and l i fe�insurance p l ans , and a l ongev i ty p lan .
Maine i s an Equ a l Oppor tun i ty Emp l oyer .
On February 2 8 t h , the D e p t . o f Ind ian Affa ir s s ent notice s of this po s i t ion
The Per s onnel Depar t
to more than 60 Ind i an new s paper s throughout the coun try .
ment has routinely mai l e d mor e than 5 0 0 announcemen t s o f t h e po s i t ion in the
In add i t ion , some 50 ind ividu a l s or agen c i e s that have c lo s e
New Eng l and ar e a .
con t a c t w i th Ind i an t r ib e s throughout the Un i t ed S ta t e s wi l l b e conta cte d a s
sour ce s o f re ference.
Any News le t ter r e ad er i�tere s ted in l e arning more about thts j ob oppor tun
i t y , or in ob t a in ing the s ta t e app l i cat ion forms for the po s i t ion , or who kngws
s ome one who migh t be intere s te d in the p o s i t ion , is urged to contac t : DEPT . OF
App l ications
IND IAN AFFAIRS , S TATE HOUS E , AUGUS TA , MAINE 043 3 0 wi thou t de l ay .
wi l l be a c c e p t e d un t i l May 2 6 , 1 9 68 ; examining and r a t ing by the Per sonne l Dept. ,
and s e le c t ion by the D ep t . o f Indian Affair s , wi l l o c cur a f t er t hat date.
/
�15 )
FERRY - Rand a l l Ni cho l s of the U . s . Departmen t of Lab or , Bur e au of Appr e n
t i ce s h i p a n d Tr a in ing , Augu s t a , was a v i s i tor a t P l
Nich
e a s ant Po in t Tue s d ay .
o l s me t wi th d ir e c to r s of the Pas s amaquoddy Tr ib a l Coun c
i l s ' c . A . P . B o ard and
o the r s of t he C . A . P . s t a f f to d i s �u s s having an on-the- j ob tra ining pro j e c t for
t he Pa s s ama quod d y Ind i an s .
The po s s ib i l i ty o f adu l t educat ion c l a s s e s wa s
a l s o d i s cu s s e d .
In o rd er to qual ify f or federal money f o r an o n - the - j ob t r a in ing pro j e c t ,
t he Ind i an C . A . P . connni t t e e mu s t submi t a pr opo s a l to W a s hingt on , ou t l ining the
typ e s o f work in the ar e a in wh i ch worker shor t ag e s ex i s t , an d g ive f irm as sur
anc e from p r o s p ec t ive emp l oyers that they are wi l l ing to t ake on one or more
p er so n s
to t r a in for the maximum per iod .
Thi s wou ld be sub s id i z ed by feder a l
fund s a t t h e r a t e o f $ 25 per week , per per son in train ing .
Und er
t h i s s y s t em ,
a counc i lor wou ld be hired to
s p o t s b e tw e en emp l oy e r and t r a ine e ,
smo o t h out
the rough
s o tha t prob l ems and mi s und er s t and ings could
b e s o lv e d w i thout unne c e s s ary t ime l o s s .
Coun c i l s e s s ions wou ld b e he l d two
or more n i gh t s a week and the emp l oyer wou l d a l s o b e vi s i t e d a t l e a s t once a
we ek by the coun c i l or .
The D e p ar tme n t of Educ a t i on , r e pr e s en t e d by the
l o c a l super in tenden t o f
s cho o l s , wou ld he l p in cho o s ing a n d approving a qua l i f i e d counc i l or .
s hor tage s
ing wer e me n t io ned :
mo to r r e p a i rman ;
o i l burner and furnac e r e p a irman ;
nav ig at o r s ;
men t o p e r a t o r s and r e p a irman �
c arpen t er s ;
A t tend ing Tue s d ay ' s me e t ing were :
A l t ava t or ,
Work
in d i f ferent o c cup a t ions wer e d i s cu s s ed a t the me e t ing and the fo l l ow
C.A. P.
Board s e cr e t ary ;
p lumb e r s ;
Linwood S ap i e l ,
Tony Thoma s ,
Main s tr e am aide ; Andr eu D ana , hou s ing aide ;
of Ind ian A f f a ir s ;
l awn mower and ou tb oard
e l e c t r i c ian s ;
heavy e qu i p
hou s ing d ir e c tor ; R i t a
VIS TA vo lun teer ; Mary Yarma l ,
Edward Hinckley ,
G overnor Jo s e ph Mi t che l l ; D an i e l F r anc is ,
s t a t e commi s s ioner
C .A . P .
e c onomic
a ide ; Jeane t t e 1oore , memb er of Gov ernor ' s Counc i l ; B e s s i e S t an l e y , commun i ty
a i de ; Virg inia Po t t l e , S andr a Po t t le , Kenn e th Newe l l and Barbara Ke nd a l l .
(From the Bangor Da i ly New s , 2 / 2 9 / 6 8 �
S e e s t ory on Page 1 5 , January i s sue . 1
DE SERVES SUPPORT •
F or t he pa s t s everal mon t hs
tha t wi l l ,
f�me to Skowhegan ' s Ind ian name .
s cu l p ture ,
comp l e t e .
amoun t .
'
to pay f or the c arving and
i
The carv ng ,
a lr eady underway by the no t e d
$ 10 , 000 .
Alre ady ,
t he l o c a l a s s o c
through i t s own e f f or t s r a i s ed severa l thous and d o l lar s toward s t h i s
Even
though thi s
i s a pro j e c t / this group ha s und a:t aken t o advance
i t · d e s erve s
the support of a l l .
• • •
(From t he Somer s e t Repor ter . ( S kowhegan ) , 2 / 1 5 / 68 .
6 7 New s le t t er and fo l low-up s tory nex t mon th . - Ed . )
PASSAMAQUODDY GIRL
Mi s s Veron i ca Moore ,
in S e p t emb e r ,
g r and -d augh ter of Mr s .
Mary Moor e ,
1968 .
A s e n ior a t Shead Memor i a l Highs choo l in Eas tpor t ,
d o in Co l le g e ' s Upward Bound progr am dur ing
a f ormer Upward Bound s tuden t ,
B idde ford . }
8,
Ple a s an t Po in t ,
N.H. ,
for admi s s i on
and a s tuden t a t Bow
the p a s t two y e ar s , Veron i c a wi l l
b e e n t e r ing Co lby Jun ior ' s 2 -year s e cr e t ar i a l program .
Ind ian Town s hip ,
S e e s tory on Page
GAINS COLLEGE AC CE PTANCE
has b e en a c c e p t e d by Co lby Jun i or C o l lege in New Lond on ,
Co l le g e ,
. ere c t t9n
B e rnard Lang l a i s o f Cu shing , Maine , wi l l t ake a numb er o f mon ths to
the image o f Sl-:owhe gan ,
May
•
in i t s un i quene s s , br ing muclL pul:ii c i ty and
The e s t ima t e d co s t was approx ima t e ly
i a t ion h a s
•
the Skowhegan Tour i s t Ho s p i t a l ity A s s o c i a t ion
has been qu i e t ly en gaged in r a i s ing fund s
of an Ind i an monume n t
•
(George W i s eman ,
of
i s now a fre shman a t S t . F r anc i s
�(16)
D IP.EC TORS OF COUNTY E . D . C . MEE T A T M' CHIAC
by Ri chard Varney , S e c r e tary
The dire c t or s of vJashing ton Coun ty E conomi c Deve lopmen t Corpor a t ion me t
a t the F ed era l Bui ld ing , Nachia s , on \Jedne sday even ing , January 3 1 , ui.th Pre s
ident Nat han Cohen pr e s i d ing
Gue s t s were as fo l l ows : i J i l l iam F i t zhenry ,
Economi c Deve l opme n t Admin i s trat ion , Por t l and o f f i c e ; Waldo Tibb e t t s , As s i s t ant
D i r e c t or , PR IDE ; Tony Ka l i s s , Departmen t o [ Ind ian Affair s ; Ar chie LaCoo te ,
Ind i an Re s erva t ion C . A . P . D i r e c tor , Pr in ce ton ; Tony Thoma s , Franc i s S apie l ,
John Ni cho l a s and Eugene Fran c i s , a l l of Plea s ant Point .
The f ir s t order of bu s i ne s s wa s to l i s ten to a propo s a l from the Ind ian
R e s erva t ion Hou s ing Au thor i t ie s , which are a sking for a government grant of
$ 650 , 000 to f inance t he fo l lowing faci l i t ie s :
P l e a s an t Poin t Re s erva t ion : Con s truct ion of a new comp l e t e s ewer age system
inc l ud ing t r e a tmen t f ac i l it i e s
exp an s ion of the ex i s t ing wa ter mains a t the
Re s erva t ion to provid e a comp l e t e po t ab l e wa ter supp ly and conne c t ion s to each
home
Ind i an Town ship Re s erva t i on ( Pe t er Dana Poin t cormnun i ty ) : Cons truct ion
of a n ew wa ter d i s t r ibut ion , treatmen t and pr e s sure s y s t em , wh i ch wi l l provide
a s our ce o f fr e s h and pur e wa ter to the Re s erva t ion home s
ex tens ion s of
exi s t ing s ewag e co l le c t ion l ine s
The
App l i c a t ion i s b e ing made to the E . D . A . for the F e der a l share ( 70%) .
S t a t e of Maine is �o con t r ibute the b a lance ( 3 0% ) .
The Ind i an Re serva t i on
Hou s ing Au thor i t i e s ar e t he app l i can t s , and their repr e s e n t a t ive s a sked for a
" le t t e r of endor s eme n t 1 1 from the Coun ty Deve lopment Cor porat ion .
The D ir e c tor s vo ted to support the pro j e c t s and d ir e c t e d the Secretary
to pr epare a l e t ter ind i c a t ing the i r endor s emen t
Mr . F i t zhenry of E . D . A . que s t ioned the makeup of our Board a s to i t s me e t
i n g t h e r e qu ir ement s of an Overa l l E conomic D eve lopmen t Plan commi t tee .
For
o n e t hing , he s ta ted that i t d id n o t have any repr e s en ta tion from minori ty
group s .
Qui te a long and hea t ed d i s cus s ion r e s u l ted
(From the Machi a s News Ob s erver , 2 / 14 / 68 )
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CLUB COLLEC TS FOR INDIANS
WI S CAS SET - G ame s and s ewing ma t e r ia l s wi l l be co l le c ted for Maine Ind ian s
by memb e r s o f A l pha Iota Chapter of B e t a Sigma Phi as par t of the ir s ervice
work this y e ar .
A l e t ter has b e en rece ived from E l i zab e t h S tanley , an aide with the Ind ian
Commun i ty Ac t i on Program , who s a id that the Ind ians wou l d appre c ia te game s of
all t ype s and any kind o f s ewing ar t ic l e s .
I f the re s iden t s of the commun i ty wou ld l ike to don a t e such ar t i c l e s ,
they may con tac t Mr s . Jack Winter s , Mr s . Edvi l l e Howland or Mr s . An thony Jord an
for p i ck-up .
(From t he Brun swi ck Time s -Re col'.ld , 2 / 14/ 6 8 )
SMOKE S IGNALS
Working at the d e s k nex t to mine on the 1 6 th f l oor of a bui ld ing in Bar t l e s
v i l l e , Ok la . , was a Cherokee Ind i an .
From our van tage poin t on a c lear day
we c ou ld s e e for mi l e s .
One morn ing we s a1:-1 smoke r i s ing from a f ire on the
hor i z on .
My fr iend went to the wind6w , shaded his eye s wi th hi s hand and
s tud ied the smoke f or a l ong momen t .
Turn ing to me w i th a twinkle in hi s eye ,
he s aid , " I don ' t b e lieve a word of i t . "
(From the Reader ' s D i g e s t , February 1 9 6 8 )
�( 1 7)
FRON HERE AND THERE
S i s t er Nary Lawr ence , 8 5 , a S i s ter of Mercy who a t one t ime served in
Lewi s ton , d i e d S aturday at the ord er ' s Mo ther House at Por t land a f t er a long
i l lne s s
S i s ter Nary Lawrence had serve d at a l l three of Ma ine ' s Ind ian reser
vat io n s
(From the Le·w i s ton-Auburn Journa l , 1 / 29 / 68 )
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The Pe j e p s c o t Hi s tor i c a l S o c i e ty mee t ing at Bowd o in Co l lege o n January
29th he ard a t a lk by Dr . Robert Cummin s of ""owdoinham on the Ma l i s e e t Ind ian
Tribe of Merryme e t ing Bay .
The E angor D a i ly Nei:·1s of February 1 7- 1 8 th carr ied a p i c ture of the fir s t
a l l - Ind i an Pas s amaqu oddy B o y S cout troop , chartered a t spec i a l exer c i s e s i n
Prince ton on February 1 3 th .
Pic tured were Scou t s Timmy S teven s , . en j amin
S t evens , Char l e s S tevens , Augu s t ine S tevens , Howard S tevens , Chr i s topher Po l c he s ,
John Dana ; S cou tmas ter G i lbert: He l l s , Ind ian Town ship Governor John S t evens ,
and are a S cou t exe cu t ive Ear l Reed .
Among the town record s of Phi l l i p s town are volume s of cop i e s of d e e d s
repor t ing s a l e s _ o f land from Ind ian Sagamore s to ear ly re s ident s of the com
mun i ty , whi ch b e c ame the town of S anford some 100 year s after be ing e s tab l i shed
as Phi l l i p s t own .
Colby C o l lege Sen ior David Berube , who served as a V I S TA Vo lunteer on
the Ind i an Town ship De s ervat ion for a ye ar , spoke to s tudent a s s emb l i e s at
Coney High Scho o l , Augu s t a , and Ken t s Hi l l S choo l , Ken t s Hi l l , recen t ly , about
hi s work on the P.e serva t ions last year and the n a t iona l V I S TA program .
Mon t ana S t a t e Univer s i ty , found ed on o l d Ind ian hun ting ground s , d id �
honor an Ind i an l e ad er , Darney Old Coyo te at i t s 7 S th ann iversary ce lebrat ion
Old Coyo te , 4 5 , wi l l r e c e ive an honorary d o c torate for many
during F ebruary .
ach ieveme n t s .
They inc lud e his pr e s ent work as a s s i s t ant to Secre t ary of In
ter ior S tewar t Ud a l l in charge of Job Cor ps camps .
Pas s amaquoddy Leg i s la t ive Repre senta t ive George Fran c i s , of Pleasant
Po in t , t e s t i fied in Augus t a on February 2 1 s t be fore a 5 -man subcommi t tee of the
Leg i s l at ive Re s ear ch Commi t tee , d i s cu s s ing s t a te l i quor laws and Li quor Com
Repr e s enta tive Franc i s repor ted tha t boot legg ing is r i fe on
mi s s ion ru l e s .
"He don ' t have a wa t er supply
the tribal r e s erva tions in W a shing ton Coun ty .
(BDN , 2 / 2 2/ 68 )
but we have l i quor , a t boot l eg pr i ce s , " he said .
S e quoia tre e s ar e named after the Cherokee chie f , S e quo -Yah , who com
p l e ted the f ir s t a l phab e t ever d ev i s ed for an Ind i an tongue .
Senator E . L . Bar t le t t , D-Alaska , warned of a grave and po tent ia l JJ · ��- .
ger ou s s i tu a t ion in the na tion ' s ar c t ic reg ions whe r e U . s . c i t i zeL s o( E s k imn
and Ind ian s tock r e ly pr imarily on caribou for the ir pr in c i pa l food sonfte
Ar c t i c l i chen , or tundra mo s s , ha s been found to be he av i ly con tamina ted w i th
two r ad ioac t ive e l emen t s , as r e su l t of fa l lout prior to the world b an on nuc lear
In each s tep of
te s t ing .
Caribou eat the l i chen as a ma in food source .
the food chain , the amoun t s of the rad ioac t ive e l emen t s become incre as ing ly
concentr a t ed .
The e lemen t s affe c t the mu tat ion o f gene s truc tur e which can
lead to d e f ormi t i e s in unborn ch i l dren , and also can cau s e leukemia and bone
cancer .
Bar t le t t was te s t i fy ing at a he ar ing chaired by Sena tor Edmund s .
Muskie , D-Ma ine , on nuc lear air and water po l lu t i on .
_
�c8)
r£ SERVATION PLANNING DISCUS SEn
of
AUGUS TA
The fir s t compr ehens ive e conomic deve l opmen t pl an in 300 year s
con t ac t be tween the Pas s amaquoddy Tr ibe of Maine and non -Indian immigran t s
was the s ub j e c t of d i s cu s s ion a t a n in ter -agency mee ting he ld i n Augu s ta on
Mar ch S t � .
Repre s en t a t iv e s of the Pa s s amaquoddy Tr ib a l Counc i l s ' Commun ity
Ac t ion Progr�, the S ta te Depar tmen t s o f Ind ian Affair s , Economi c Oppor tun i ty
and E conomic Deve lopme n t , and the U . S . Depar tmen t of Hou s ing and Urb an Deve lop
men t me t in a day - l ong s e s s ion to d i s c u s s the pr o cedur e s to be fol lowed in ob tain
ing a feder a l gran t for 75% of the co s t of a compr ehen s ive p l an for the two . Pa s s
ama quodd y Re s erva tions in Washing ton Coun ty .
I t i s an tic ipated tha t the 2 5 % non
F ederal r e quiremen t cou l d be me t by the provi s ion of cash and s ervi ce s by various
s ta t e depar tmen t s .
Pa s samaquoddy C . A . P . Direc tor Ar chie LaCoo te and his Hou s ing Coord inator ,
F r anc i s Sapie l , wi l l b e d i s cu s s ing the s e po s s ib i l i t ie s w i th the Trib e s ' Commun i ty
Ac t i on b oard o f d i r e c t or s in mee t ing s this week , a s s i s ted by repre s en ta t ive s o f
a New York - b a s e d consu l t ing f irm , Communi ty Change , Inc . , wh ich i s con tracted
to the C . A . P .
The federal r e pr e s e n t a t ive s emphas i zed the ir in tere s t in making any p lan
comp kt: e enough to e l imina te the nec e s s i ty for such a document in fu ture app l i ca
tions t o fede r a l agen c i e s for s p e c i f i c programs .
· The Pa s s amaquoddy Trib e s (as
we l l a s the Penob s c o t Tr ib e ) have a lready begun nego t ia t i ons w i th the De pt . of
Hous i ng and Urban Deve lopmen t , and the federal E conomic Deve lopmen t Admin i s tra t ion ,
for t he d eve l opmen t o f ad e qu a t e s ewage , wa ter and hous ing programs on the 3 Re s
erva t ion s .
I f approved , the s e w i l l r e pre s en t the f ir s t such programs on any
� Re s ervat ion in the coun try , though they are increas ing ly common o � Re s er
va tions whi ch are under the j ur i s d i c t i on o f the fe der a l government .
A typical comprehen s ive p lan wou l d inc l ud e an inve n t ory of the human , phy s
i ca l and na tura l r e s ource s o f the a r e a in que s t ion ; a s tudy of the s e re source s
and any prob lems a f f e c t i�g the ir deve lopmen t ; and s pe c i f i c sugge s t ions for fu ture
The Tr ibe would b e as ked to
improvemen t pro grams to d evelop the s e r e s ource s .
appr ove the propo s a l b e fore it is submi t ted to the DHUD , and wou l d se le c t and
over s e e the con s u l t an t to carry ou t the s tudy .
Ind ian Commi s s ioner Edward Hin ckley told the New Engl and Regional Commi s
s ion in Novemb er , 1 96 7 , a t a pub l i c hearing : " The Tr ib e s of Maine have l i t t l e
or no u s e ab l e in come a t pr e s en t .
The deve lopmen t o f Tribal re s our c e s i s an
obv ious n e c e s s i ty .
It i s too l a t e to turn b ack through Co lon i a l h i s t ory and
preven t today ' s Ind i an prob lems .
Maine ' s fir s t c i t i zen s mus t be a s s i s ted so
t hey may p l ay a meaningfu l and proud par t in the S ta t e ' s s oc i a l and e conomic
deve lopmen t . "
The Mar ch 5 th mee t ing wi l l open the door to the s e goa l s for the Pas sama
quoddy Tr ib e ; t he c ooper a t ion b e twe en the Tr ib e s ' own Commun i ty Ac tion Program
and the appro pr iate s ta t e and fede r a l agen c i e s w i l l make pos si b l e s ome long
overdue compr ehens ive Tr ib a l p l anning .
-
IND IAN YOU TH ADVANCE THEIR EDUCATION
Mi s s Alb er t a Nicho la s , daughter of Mr . and Mr s . Jo seph Ni cho las of Pleasant
Po in t , s t a r t e d t ra in ing a s a Prac t i c a l Nur s e a t the Nor thern Maine S choo l of
Ap p l y ing las t S e p t ember to the S ta t e ' s nur s ing scho o l s
Nur s in g in Pre s qu e I s l e .
Mi s s Ni cho l a s ' admi s s ion had to be p o s tponed un t i l t h e March c l a s s due to a
s hor tage o f space .
Mr . David Franc i s , Jr . , son of Mr . and Mr s . David . Franc i s , Sr . , of Pl easan t
Poin t , h a s b e en · accep ted in nex t S e p t embe r ' s freshmen c l a s s a t the Nor thern
Mr . Fran c i s i s pre s e n t ly a sen ior at
Maine Vocat iona l - Te chni c a l Ins t i ttt e .
Shead Memor i a l High S cho o l , in E a s tpor t .
B o th s tuden t s w i l l be bene f i t ing from the Ind ian s cho l arships au tho r i zed
by the S ta t e B oard of Educat ion in the summer o f 1 9 6 6 .
�(19)
HinCKLEY ANNOUNCE S PROGMH REDUCTICNS
Due
to
inc r e a s e d c o s t s o f go od s and servi c e s provL� 2 d by the :nd ian Af f a i r s
Commi s s i oner Edward Hinc k l ey a s ke d the January s p e c i a l s e s s ion o f
t he l 0 3r d Leg i s l a ture f o r supp l eme n t a l appropr i a t ions of $ 4 8 , 000 f o r t h e remaind e r
D e par tmen t ,
of t he cur ren t f i s c a l y e ar and for nex t f i s c a l year , b e g inn ing Ju ly 1 , 1 9 6 8 .
The fina l re s u l t o f th i s r e que s t wa s an add i t ional sum o f $ 1 8 , 000 for the curren t
y e ar only , and order s t o Hin ck ley t o take imme d i a t e s t e p s t o keep' depar tmen t a l
s pend ing w i thin the l e g i s l a ture ' s appropr i a t ion .
( S e e s tory o n P a g e 1 9 , January
New s le t ter .
- Ed
.
)
At a Pe nob s c o t Tr ib a l me e t ing on F ebruary 2 1 s t , a j o in t me e t ing of the
Pas s ama quoddy Counc i l s on F ebruary 2 5 t h , and Pa s s amaquoddy Tr ibal mee t ing s at
P l e a s an t
Po i n t and Ind ian Town ship on the 2 6 t h and 2 7 th , Hi nckley d i s cu s s e d the
s i tua t i on and t he ne c e s s ary program reduc tions wi th the Ind i an s .
As an ind iv idua l as s i s tan c e p�ogram , b a s e d on s p e c i f i c in c ome and n ee d ,
has b een in e f f e c t a t t he Penob s c o t Re s erva t ion for y e ar s , r e du c t i on s there wi l l
b e accomp l i s he d o n a c a s e -by- c a s e b a s i s , oper a t ing ��i thin the fund s ava i l ab l e
for the r en:.z inder o f the f i s ca l year .
At t he Pa s s amaquo ddy Re s erva t i�ns , an ind iv idual a s s i s tance program i s
b e ing s e t u p b y f i e l·� agen t H . G .We s ton ; work o n such a progr am , wh i ch was d e emed
e s s e n t i a l by the D ep t . of He a l t h and We l fare in 1 9 6 2 , b u t never e s t ab l i s he d , b e
g an w i t h Mr . W e s ton ' s appoin tmen t l a s t Oc tob e r .
Such a program w·i l l · permi t the
equ i t ab l e admin i s t r a t ion of as s i s tance s e rvi c e s , whe ther they expand
for the fu tur e ) or mu s t b e r e d u c e d ( a s i s t h e c a s e a t pr e s en t ) .
In add i t i on ,
(as
to b r ing y e ar ly s p end ing wi thin appropr i a t e d amoun t s ,
is ho p e d
some
pr ev iou s ly ' ' b lanke t " programs a f f e c t ing the two Pa s s amaquoddy Re s erva t ions have
had to be cu t -b a ck ,
at
me d i c a l t r an s p or t a t ion ;
c o l l e c t phone
calls
s e rvi c e s
( ex c e p t for exp e c t an t mo thers ) ;
(now t o
to t h e C a l a i s f i e l d o f f i ce
b e a c ce p t ed o n l y from Tr ib a l Governor s o r Lt .
pe c t an t mo ther s ) ;
The s e inc lud e l o c a l
le a s t un t i l a f t e r the f ir s t of Ju ly .
j
Governor s ) ; ou t-pa t ie n t me d i c a l
f
x
pre s cr ip t ion �x g en s e s
ex ce E t tor
n
t
( ex c e p t for pr � R fi o g� ch£ 3f�� �
and fr e s h mi lk d e l iver i e s
�
�
f
Per s o n s r e c e iv ing any o f the above serv i c e s from the Div i s ion of Gener a l As s i s
t an c e , D e p t . o f He a l th and W e l fare , or through var ious Pub l ic A s s i s t an c e programs ,
w i l l n o t be a f f e c t ed .
Other forms of we l fare as s i s t an c e wi l l be prov ided in
l ine w i t h the
by-c a s e b a s i s .
ind iv idu a l fami ly budge t s wh i ch Mr . He s ton i s pre par ing on a c a s e
In -pa t ie n t me d i ca l c ar e i s n o t a f f e c t ed .
the February me e t ings s ugg e s ted a numb er of way s
expen s e s c o u ld be r e duced ; one _o f tbe s e 'wa s . _ "borrowing " nex t y e ar ' s fue l money
Hinckley ob t a ined permi s s ion
for u s e in curr e n t general a s s i s t an c e programs .
to this e f f e c t from the S t a t e Commi s s ioner o f F inance and Admin i s t ra t ion , per
mi t t ing the ab ove -men tioned exc e p t ions to the re s t r i c t ions on mi lk , ou t - p a t i e n t
nie
Pa s s amaquodd y Tr ib e a t
care , a n d p r e s cr i p t io n s .
Hinckl ey ho p e s tha t , a f ter t he f ir s t o f Ju ly , s ome of the above s e rv i c e s
may b e r e t urne d , though t he amoun t avai lab l e to the D e par tme.n t for nex t year ' s
The e s t ab l i shmen t o f
program i s no gr e a t er t han tha t avai l ab le curr en t ly .
ind iv idua l a s s i s t an ce bud g e t s shou l d , i n any ca s e , permi t next y ear ' s program t o
oper a t e wi tho u t ma j o r chang e s during the 1 2 -mo nth period i n que s t ion .
IND IANS ELE C TED TO COUN'IY C . A . P . B OARD
In a s er i e s of 7 Wa sh ing ton Coun ty e l e c t ions for the Coun ty ' s RegionA�
A c t ion Age ncy ' s b oard of d ir e c t or s , John Gar f i e ld' Homan o f Plea s an t Po i n t wa s
e l e c t e d a r e p r e s e n t a t ive o f the p o or from Reg ion 5 , and Gov . Jo s eph Mi t che l l
I n Region 7 , Lo l a S ockaba s in and S imon
a s a Region r e pr e s en t a t iv e - a t - large .
Soclcab a s in , b o t h of t he Ind i an Town s h i p R e s erva t i on , were e l e cted as tha t Reg ion ' s
A to tal of 2 3 repre s � n t a t iv e s o f t he poor or a t
two repre s en t a t ive s -a t - l arge .
large were e l e c t e d in the
7 Region e l e c t ion s .
�r-
; · :.
.,___....
-- -
/
: ,. '. t_
'
I
- -
-
.
•
....\..I '-�.
,
.
· -
·
} !
;
\_·
· -- --
JUNE
17, 1968
..
�-
S PECIAL STATE-W IDE ELECTION
�
} l.
c-1
·��
e n -·
(_2
,'
_:)
\'1 ·�
IJ ;� ON
REFERENDUM QUE S TION No . 1
" SHALL THE S TATE PROVIDE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MODERNIZATION OF SCHOOL FACILITIES
AT THE THREE INDIAN RE SERVATIONS AND CONSTRUCT WATER AND SEWAGE FACILITIES AT
· IND IAN TOWNSHI P RESERVATION IN PRINCE TON BY I SSUING BOND S IN THE AMO�T OF
$ 384 , 000 , PAS SED AT THE SECOND S PECIAL SESS ION OF THE 103RD LEGISLATURE ? "
Vote
�
Vote
�
Vote � Vote
!§!
Vote YES Vote
!!§_
Vo te � Vote � Vote � Vote
OPECIAL NOTE :
So-cal led " Independ en t" vo ters - tho s e not enro l led as Repub l icans
or Demo crat s - WILL be ab l e to vote on pr imary e l ection day , June 1 7 th .
That 1 s
because re ferendums on three bond i s sues wi l l be held in conjunc tion with the
b a l l o t ing for par ty �ominee s .
ANY REGISTERED VOTER WILL BE ABLE TO BALLOT ON
BOND IS SUE S INVOLVING PROJECTS AT THE INDIAN RE SERVATIONS , Farming ton S tate Col lege
and Maine Mar itime Academy .
JUNE 1 7 - QUE S TION No . 1 - VOTE �
-
JUNE 1 7 - QUE STION No . 1 - VOTE � - JUNE 1 7
•
AND TELL YOUR FRIENDS !
- � � � - - - - - - -- � � - - - - - - - - - -- - � - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - -- - �
MUSEUM OF INDIAN RELICS I$ PLANNED
PR INCETON - Indian Coimnuni ty Action Program Director Archie LaCoo te re turned
Thur sday from a 3-day training program and mee ting for a l l Maine CAP d iFector s
at King f i e l d
The CAP Direc tor announced the po s s ib i l i ty of beginning a Pas s ama
quoddy Indian Museum Library wa s discu s s ed during the February me eting of the
Pa s samaquoddy CAP board of d irectors in Calai s .
The mee t ing was the f ir s t he ld
under the new b oard chairman , Governor John S tevens of Pr ince ton .
Tile mu seum
l ibrary is be ing · sough t in an e ffor t to s ave the remaining Ind ian ar tifac t s ,
hi s tor i ca l ly impor tan t documen t s and exampl�s of anc ient Ind ian crafts s t i l l ex
Gov . Joseph Mi tche l l of Pleasant Point sugge s ted tha t s ince
i s t ing i n the area .
o ld exampl e s of some crafts would b e almos t impo s s ib le to ob tain • some, reproduc·
• • •
�(21)
(LI:TT- RS
c o n t in u e d
Li gh t ,
that
ar e
but
extrac t
auto
las t
a wh o l e
.: o l d
cut ,
A
ash
on
the
are
hold
more
fe
i
·
and
s c ale
fish
of
of
i s mad e
fac t ory
lus t e r
d e mand .
b as ke t s .
l o nge r .
the
of
n e �r l - - f r o
a s h b aske t s ..i: t h a t
And
fr om
Yet
wh e r e
they are
t r ib e
d e ma n d
the
c an
e x
far
F i s h e r m e n are
each
o t he rs '
on ly a
its
s aid
b oat s ,
few priv a t e
Pa s sai , a q u o d d y pe o p l e
ope rat ors
or
are
so
of
s c ale
that
b a s ke t s .
to
land
The
ash
in
b aske t s
J.i.r r o2 t o ok
good
to
trees
and r . a n y f i s h e rman a n d
Po in t ,
an a s h
t he s e
own e r s
Pas s a�a
t ak e
often
b e c&use
t o p u t 11o r e
Ple a s an t
c on v i n c e d
to cut . '
l i v i n g . p o und i n g
n o w a l l o ·,1 e d
make s
us e .
into 15
s c i e n t i.J3 t s
S ince
es�ence
of
fac t or ie s
s old t o
�o s t l y
s c a. l e s .
in e xpe _ _ s iv e
gr e a t e r
In d ian
Pas s aillaq u o d d y I n d i an s
The
f o r t he
land
a who le
b a sk e t s
given
· r o f i t ab le
fish
in ever
plots
p or t i on
hav e
11ses
le t i c s - - t he
nre
fish
o ak and pl a s t i c s c a l e b as k e t s s i.wp ly d o
Pas s ama q u o d dy In dians c ann o t find e n o u gh a s h t r e e s
the
a n d �e av i n g s c a le
C ou nt y
� os
pale
b a s ke t s
f r om h e r r i n g
F a c t o ry made
But
go od
quoddy ash
it
to
s e as o n
u p ..
a s h s c a le
o f pearl
i inding n e w
pa in t
t h e s u pp l y .
c e ed s
not
to
i r o n - l i ke
e s se n c e
c on t i n u a l l y
good
6)
f r om pa g e
log is
well
us e d when
Pa s s araa q u o d d y I n d i an s me a n
o f P l e a s a n t P o i n t a s k e a c h lan�own e r i n A rr o s t o c k C o un t y t o a l l ow e v e r y
in
no way t o
ash
t re e
har m
that
e a rn
their
D e ar
I li a v e
he
the
c an
land
s par e ,
ill aost
s c r i pt i o n
n e vs le t t e r
b e en
I aui e n c l o s i n g
to
JOU
sen t
Y o u wi l l
I
to
the
e a c h �o n t h ' s
I n d ia ns
to be
land
cut ,
so
own e r s .
that
a ll w in t e r with one
l av e n ' t b e e n ab l e
c op i e s
priv a t e
the
T h e Pas s awa q u o d d i e s
P a s s ama q u o d d i e s
c an
li v i n g .
T h o mps on ,
!r s .
of
me
be
car e
of
1967
in
t ha t
f or '
t o know
t ha t I
for
1 968
$ 5 . 00
not
Two
a n o t he r ,
find
to
s h ow t n y ap� r e c i a t i o n .
extra
s ome t h in g i n
y w o rk a s C ha i rman
the
D . A. R .
Th ank
so I
f o r ;:.1 y s u b
d o l l ar s' is
d ollars
for ,
ne ws .
of
t he
after
n ow .
pay
I c a n a lw ays
c an u s e i n
r e a d i n g a ll
c o ld
b e fore
and three
I did
Ph o e n i x Chap t e r
e n J OY
this
money qrde r
a
g l ad
is sue
in F or t
als o
t c. ! ·e
y ou a gain
for all
the
the
n e .v s l e t t e r
o f Ame r i c an
f o r y o u r kin dne s s .
H a r r i e t Krumh o l t z
N e w B e d � ord ,
( Ed i t o r
the
's
note :
an d w a s
: o r ld ,
le t t e r
on
t h e f o l l ow i n g ar t i c le is b e ing r e pr i n t e d f r om T h e C h ur c h
Re fe r t o
w r i t t e n b y Pe t e r J . T u rn e r , F e b r ua r y 16 , 1968.
page
gone unh e e d e d .
T he
ille gi
t e rm
the
e l fa r e
thre e
4. )
of
pr ob l ems
i ma c y ,
Mas s .
As
t he
d e p l o r a b le
a
all
r e s e rv a t i on s have
many �
are
a l c h o l i sm , �n e mp l oyme n t ,
h ousi ng ,
d e pe n d e 1 c y and
Ma i n e
in
Ind i a n s
a re sul t ,
un . , :e t
43 0
per
rtle d i c a l and
c &pi t a annual
c on t r i b u t e d
to
and
they ' ve
school
d en t a l
in c ome
ge ne r a l i z e d
ge n e r a l l y
drop- ou t s ,
n e e ds ,
f or
long
t \1 0
of
apa t h y an d
t h e r e c e n t e f f o r t s t o b r in g a o o u t v a s t c h a n �e s i n t h e r e s e r v
c owm u n i t i e s , t h e D i o c e s an B r e a u o f H uma n R � la t i on s S e rv i c e s h e lpe d
s �0n s o r a s u · e r • pe a c e c or p ' pr o gr a m on t h e r e s e r v n t i on s l a s t ye ar .
d e pr e s s i on .
Am o n g
a t i on
an t 1 r o p o l o "' y , s o c i e:.. l ·· a rk ,
w i t h c l ia p l a i n s , t h e I n d i a n s ,
Repre s e n ta t iv e s
f r ow t h e
fie lds
of
an d p .sy c h o l o t:;y · .v orke d · f o !' s i x lil o n t h s
r e lig ion ,
n u r. s i n g ,
C ommi t t e e
w o r k on
( U US C )
the
pr e pa r in g
r e s e rva t i o n s
S tate
for
the
o f f i c ia l s
pr o j e c t ,
t h e ms e lv e s .
e d uc a t i on ,
and
and
the
then
s o c i o l o �y ,
Un i t ar i a n - Un i v e r s a l i s t
t wo
m on t hs
of
v o l un t e e r
s e r v i c � s to t h e
p r o g r a m h i gh l i gh t e d t h e gaps t ha t e x i s t e d in
e s u l t , t h e B HRS e mba r k e d o n a s � r i e s o f pr o grams ,
c ommun i t i e s .
As a dire c t r
( C on t i n u e d on page 2 2 )
The
�(
�he
in
C hu r c h
if o r l d ,
c o n j un c t i o n
wun i t y A c t i o n
e f fort
to
A
s t ep
fill
t h e se
vices
to
c ondu c t
RN ,
Ma r y D e n i s
of
ama q u o d d ys ,
ed
and
to
A
school
fa c e s
B u r e au
/ of
is
t o.k i n g
The
the
B ur e a u
and
n ow
t he
fo
r
J'v1o r c-
among
the
for
o ft e n
year
als o
e v e n t ud l
The
the
By
s t ep
in
pr o p o s i n g an
the
to
a ll e v ia t e
what
is
a pp e a. r s
the
to
sch ool
youths
unab l e
t o .ue e t
t his
the
thG
to
f i n an c ia l
is
e d uc a t i o n a l
( s ic )
of
a
an d
p up i l
In d i a n s
pr e s e n t l y
a loo i n f u t ur e
c h ap l a i n s ,
deac ons
r e s e rv a t i on s
are
s oc io lly ,
a nd
t i on ,
wi t h
b ut
als o
B ur e au
ne e d e d
s ma l l
t he
and
mode rn
but
they
Chur c h
our
diocese .
in
agen c i e s ,
p r o gr e s s .
not
the
not
w ou l d m o r e
only
Po i n t .
orien tation
t he
baRc
s ki l l s
c h ap l a i n s
re lated
in
c l o s e ly guar
s e c onda�Y. e d u c
the
for
p r o 0 r aill
r e s e rv a t i on s .
Bee .use
t he
c u l t ur a l l y , e d u c a t i o n a l l y ,
mus t a s s um e a C h r i s t - l i ke fun c
r e l i gi o us
t he
in
h is t ory
p o t en t ia l s ,
a nd
s t r i c ke n
t e c hnique s ,
to
cas e
purs u i t s .
the
domons t r a t e
a.
l- r o graw a n d
Pe t e r D an �
deve lop a
on
p ov e r t y
And
at
o b j e c t iv e s
I n d i an Hi s s i o ns
d i f f i c u l t ie s
wh i c h
t h e o t ud e n t ,
t o tal answe r
t h e y pr o v id e
will
an
o f C hur ch
a n d r.'f.aim '
is
He
ad j us t men t s ,
s t a t i on e d
a s s i s t an c e
mai n t e na n c e
Th is
parish hall
the
c y c le
t o ge t h e r
total
c or p '
t o d e v e l op
e c o n omica lly ,
F i nan c i a l
t he
of
and nuns
t he
/
f o r t he
' pe c'. c e
costs ,
h an d i c ap ,
in h i r i n g a c o-0 r d in a t o r o f t h e n e w
wi l i � t o i d n e t i f y e a c h y o u n gs t e r
v o c a t i on a l
hopes
a
e n ga g e d
c ur re n t
success
of
h e l p pay
the se
b r e ak
t he
$ 50 , 000
year 1 s
c o un s e l i n g s e r v i c e s
n e c e s sary
c on t i n u e d
but
Tlie
them .
and
a h i gh
who ....s e l e c t s
..
p r o � r am b r i n g i n g
imp l e me n t
t o t a li n g
mu c h
be
imp l e �e n t a t i o n
is
h e lpi n g
r e pe a t i n f; l as t
c on s t ru c t i on
pr e
s ywp t orns
p opu l a t i on .
not ,
r e �o v i n g
e s tab l i s j
e xp e l id ur e s
s t u d en t ' s p a s t
the
a t ion
CJ L
a t t e mp t
the
h i gh
I nd i an s .
inc lude
Bureau
pr o v i d e
an t e e
in
c o ugh me d i c i n e
' pain - r e l ie v ii. 1 g 1
Pas s a ma q u o dd ys .
D iv i s i o n ' s s e rv i c e s .
B i s f un c t i on
f r om t h e r e s e rv a t i o n n o w i n h i gh s c h o o l .
and
of
Pa s s
when need
c t iv i t i e s .
·
t han
r e s e r v .-i t i on
it h d e awa l .
,Jo r e
r ·1ar y
the
t h r e a t me n t
as p i� i n ,
e x c h a n ge
diab e te s
avai lab l e
i n v o lv e d ,
A n t i c ip a t e d
of
of
b e i n g r e s e ar c h e d
fe e s .
one
S is t e r
ph ys i c i a n's d i agn o s i s .
C a la i s
f fo m t h e
is
a ge n c i e s
e d u c a t i o n _. t o
this
the
. misu s e
o f which
a
now
in
uia j o r
Indian S e r
r n r ki n g Hi t h
h e lp a n d
e xi s t i n g p ov e r t y .
all
of
are
r o om
away
an
the D iv is i on b y Mother
mon t hs
is
ob t a i n
pr o j e c t
eventual
three
f a c i n g S i s t e r C ar i t as
s e r v i c e . pr o g ram
l;! i gh
in
f i .c s t
of
pr o gr a.1,15 .
t o wrk w i t h
an
All
t ub e r c u l o s i s
and
s uppor t e d
�V c S
""!
to
pr ob l e m
B ureau 1 s
a D iv i s i o n
1 h ome - mad e 1 _ h �al t h
c h i ld r e n ;
among adult s .
S c h o la r s h o p s
and
pas t
t he
t h e i r b oa r d
t h e C o m
P ar i s h C u un c i l s
t o t he
of
s e ek me d i c a l
of
pr o p o s e d
dental
the
to
t h e i·,
inc luded
of
o f F.: d u c a t i on ,
t he
o f Me r c y �
prac t i c e
e ffort
led
di o c e s a n
the
any
and
en t
the Bureau
spe n t
e n c oura · ing
An o t h e r
incidence
to
establ
a c t iv i t i e s
sc riptions
a
has
s le e p i n g · p i l l s w i t h
wi tnout
tLe
c o or d in a t e
S i s t e rs
ab an d o n
Th e s e
and
t o B ishop G e rity
with
ap � o i n t e d
the
D e p a r b1e n t
t h e T r ib a l C o un c i ls
1967 ,
S i s t e r C c.r i t a s
21)
page
the S tate
gaps .
and
was
r r om
UUS C ,
s ub u i t t e d
No v e rmb e r
C ari tas ,
the
Pr o gr am ,
re por t
in
c ontinued
·l i t h
to
a n d kn o w l e d ge
wi l l
qva i l a b le
to
c on t inued
be
to
h e 1p
b u i l·d i n ts s .
the
p r o b Ja-c1s
t h e re s p o n s iv e
f a c i n g Main e ' s
c .:.'. r e
an d
c oncern
In dians
of
f r om wJ i i c- h Ma i n e a n d a l l h e r pe o p l e
c o n j un c t i on
with
the
work
of
the
t he
o th e r
can
�MAINE IND I AN
(d)
MA IDENS
ON
RETREAT
T ie n t y- s ix In d i �n t e e n age gi r l s t r a v e l e d f r om
Ma i t 1 e ' s t h r e e r e s e r v a
tions t o t h e Ob l a t e R e t r e a t H o u s e i n A ugu s t a. F or t hree d a ys · f r om F e b r u a r y
1 9 t h to the 2 l s t , � t � e - �i r l s :had. pe� � expe riences . While it was t he firs t
time ma n y ha d r - seen t he Cap i t ol , all of t he s ir ls h a d n e v e r b e en o n
a s p i r i t uar ret reat .
The trip w a s s p on s o r e d b y the Bu r e au o f H uraan R e l a t i o n s .
Si s ter Mary Cari t as , wh o is a n u r s e , a C C 0i.i1p an i e d the girls through t he
S ta te House , t he Bla ine Ma nsi o n a n d t h r o u �h t h e sh o pji n g c e n t e r s . S he h as
or gan i z e d t e en a g e c l ub s on t he t h ree reserva t ions.
T h e r e t r e a t �s o n e o f
t l� many act ivi t ies t ha t s he i s plan n i n g w i t h the gi r ls.
F a t h e r F . A . Bo u r q u e , a d m i n i s t e r of t h e Ob la t e R e t r e a t � o us e , p l a n ne d
t h e s p i r i t u a l p r o gr aF wi t h t he emphasis in " h e l p i n g t l1 e m t o u nd e r s t a n d ,
'
and t o b e c om e Til o r e a wa r e of t h e iiis e l v e s . "
Pan e l discussions a n d q u e s t i o n s
an d an s w e r s covered r-- man y topics
such as ;
d a tin g , l!lar i a g e , pe r s on a l i t y
de v e l opme n t , c h a n ges in the church , G o d , e t c .
A s ero i na r is p l a n n e d f or l a t e s pr i n g t o s o l i d ify t h e f e e l i n 3s a n d
iuvr e s � i o n s t h a t t he girls r e � e i v e d on t h e re t r e a t .
H i gh l i gh t s o f t he re treat w e r e a s p e c i a l mas s g i v e n f o r t h e �i r l s , t he
en j oyme n t of a f i r e in t he f ireplace , md t h e H o o t e na n y l e d b y B a r b a r a F r qn c i s ,
on h e r g 1 i t a r .
Ba r b a r a!
. .
t a u g h t herselr· t o p l a y t :1 e � l ' i t a r , an d has
p l ay e d �t f o r t h e pas t f o u r ye a r s .
The gi r l s had a1any f a v o rab l e c o LLlrae n ts about the retrea t.
Hi l d r e d
LP.la r , fi f t e e n ye a r o d , ' ! l i l ,_e d t h e t a lks ab o u t G od �1h i c 11 •·v e .r e le d b y F a t h e r
Bo rque . "
Laura Nicho ..... as , 13 y e a r s o l d like t h e ' s pe c ia l wassn . Pa1J N o rw o o d
of I n d i an Is l a n d , e n j o y d s h op pi n g in t he ci t y. Carol D ana t h o ugh t t h ac
t h e r e t r e a t wa s a " good e xpe r i e . c e . 1 1
V i r g i n ia F r a n c i s o f Pleasa n t P o i n t , c o r r e c t e d a n e w s p a p e r r e p o r t e r , whe n
he pt in t e d s o m e t h i n g a b o u t 1 1 rn i n i - s k ir t s 1 1 •
S h e s a id t h a t t h e y d i d n o t w e ar
mini - s k i r t s , wh ich a r e v e r y , v e r y shor t . Ma ry l3 i s u l c a o f I n d inn I s l an a , wn o 0 e
b f o c 1 e r i s a t W e s t P o i n t , w a s ' ' looking f o rward t o o t h e r act ivi t ie s o f t he
t e e nage c lub . 1 1
'Lary is 17 , a n d in h e r s e n i or y e ar of h i gh s c h o o l .
F a y Biscula , 14 y e a r s o l d b o u gh t several so uveuirs 0 f t he t r ip , an d
had roade a n e w fr i e n d G e r a l d i n e D ana ,
a l s o 14 y e ar s . o l d � of P l e a s a n t
.i
___
_
Point .
the
Lo la , 16 y e a r o l d , though t i t was " j u s t n ice" and e n j o y e d
Sheila Ranco , a s o p hoL o r e , w a s g l a d f ar " t ., e
t o us " .
t o g e t h e r w i t h t he girls". S he rela ted t ha t t h e y t a l k e d un t i l
B e rnade t t e
" way
c ha n c e
to
the y
t � o - t hi r t y
ge t
in
t a lk e d
t h e m or n i n g .
who h a s s i x b r o t h e r s , a n d o n e s i s t e r , a l s o d i d n o t
! �T a l ks ab o u t 1 ::-. t i I1 g , a n d t he
commen t about the 1 • in i -dresses .
way t h e d e c i s i o n s w e r e Jff t u p t o t hemselves , i n s t e a d o f r u l e s " were c on
s id e r ed a s �os t b e n e f i c i a l b y Mary A n n Mitchell. Ma r y , c ome s f r o � In d i a n
Is lan d , is goin g t o John Ba p � � � · s High S c h o o i i n B a n g o r . She is in t he 1 1 th
gra d e , and is p la n n i n g t o go t o b e a 1 1 t j c i a n 1 s school when s h e gr a d ua t e s .
An (';� l j na S <' h 1 u c G o n of PlP s 8 n t P o i n t , " w o u l d l ike t o h a v e an o t h e r
l ike
E le a n o r S t e v e n s ,
the
r e t r e a t n e x t ye a r ' ' •
B rc a k fAs � wa s an o t h e r g o o� e x r e r i e n c e
a c c ording
to
v h o said that t h e y h a d eggs , s a us a ge , c e r e a l a n d j u i c e .
H o we v e r , B e v e r l y .� t e v e n s , her o l d e r s i s t e r , s a i d t hL.. t t h e y ma d e t h e b e d s ,
be fore b r e ak f a s t , a n d " f o o l e d ar o u n d " .
A n n T o me r , a f i f t een y e a r o l d " l i k e d t he r e t r e a t , a s t h e p r i e s t s
ta l k e d to us , and played carde wi th s o me o f u s . " G r a c e D a n a of P l e asan t
S h e a l s o s a i d " t h e _y gav e
P0in t gave s pecial , e n t i on t o t h e R o o t e nan y .
e a c h o n e o f u s a chance to .t alk . "
GloriP
S t e v e ns ,
( C o n t i n ue d
on
pa,;e 24)
.
.
�( 24 )
( R� t r e a t
c on t i n ue d
B arb�ra
s he
has
never
fr ie n ds .
is
in
t he
" H e ar t s ; '
It ' s
k.11 o w n
i t's
t ha t
a
s ome
b r ought
s ouv e n i rs
to
new
wa s
her
during
i• ia r t i n a
t he
T ow ah ,1
T � :. e r e
n a o t he r
.'·t a s
as
1 <:i ' 7
t o ld
t l1 e r e
F a t h e r B ourque
thousand
hav in g a
f r om
fif t e en
another
first ,
lay �en
old ,
r.1e
was
Nav a h o
b randi n g
in
c at t l e
as
the
of
the ir
w orae n
index
needles
weave
' v'ha t
s ay
w ome n
g o i n _;
fingers
the
lit tL�
next .
le s s 6n
i,1 o r k
( Re a � 8 r ' s
f r om
c an
our
D ige s t ,
Ma r c h
the
i:;i.c ls
to
mnke
new
Pa u la
3 l. i1 t; .... n g .
a
buay
the
r:!e n t i on
c ar .
S he
ga' !e
that
of
J oe
b o u gh t
s an g 1..c. n y p o p u l a r
t. ere
" vi e
we r e
� in�in g a l so . "
Pe t e r D a 1 1 a P o i n t .
s a 1 1e t i •. 1e , a n d i t
have
Five
been
t he
in t o
I rt
a
p la y
a
re t reat
hav e
a c t ua l
stitch ,
r o o::;1 ,
by
been
..vas
also .
ove r
f r ruJe ,
takling
s ip_ ing
as
of
thir t y
f or e f & t h e r s
unr ivale d
h o ok
to
or
c o �p� r e
fast
idle
might
fr o�
hang
j ob
c..
t he
the
do
real
skin
and
t ry i n g
to
well
t h i nk
to
Nav a h o s ,
pa r t y
: .
m� c h
the
as
me n
the
of
even t ,
pri cking
c o�ktails ,
pa r t y - · gi v e r s
the
s o c i� l
prac t i c e ,
e n j o yr..� n t
f am o us
turning
t w o - d �y
quilt ing
real
pioneer
196 8
a
p e op l e .
lay
F in g e r s :
rnrk and
every
an
there
·r o PO� D ER
did .
our
e n j o yi n g
;. 1 h o m
a c t iv i t i e s .
I t w a s in A u gus t
>?
i t·s·· f i r s-t "f5'%' 0U! • . o C pJ' i�·s.t� ; pn r e t r e a t ,
h or s e s
a · .l i v i n g
'.) r o v i d e
on
f r o.1:
1 949
an d
of
at
.11as
fr om
H YJ d
his
nuns
,c:.ny
re tre a t" .
1 1a d e
in
related
tli e
since
Have
1ith
S om e
of
out
us " .
Point
o ld ,
t he
S he
·
c l ian c e
re t r e a t
c omb i n e
out ;
of
t i ! le .
in
s i t t in g a r oun�
in and
a ll
,,1e t
tbe
t i1i1e
t ha t
s e t t le rs
has
f i r e p la c e
nuns
b r e ak i n g
s t a n d in g a r o u n d
t o
learn
a
and
e �rly uhi t e
e n j oy w e n t
on
N �v a � o s
hav e
of
par t
Indians
s "Ie
gr o u p
PO IJ ·.rs
T . D . Al l e n
few
a
that
t h a t t h e r e t r e a t h_o u s er ·he d
o t he r w i s e a l l t h e s e on r e t r e a t
The
for
good
ye ars
a
r e la t e d
t akin g
the
P l e a s an t
and
re treat
to
t o ok
" e n j oye d
e xperie n c e
H o o t e n an y ,
s hyly
glad
e v e ry t h i n g cb o u t
b a c k h o me .
V e r on i c a S app i e l ,
s o n gs
y e ar
she
H i gh S c h o o l
is
" like d
gr oup
t ake
in
S he
s i .a. t e e n
rr. e
B e v e r l y F r an c i s
N i c h o la s
Ju n i o r
e·.:: a. d e .
t e ll
and
a
Al t ava t e r ,
� i gt h
23 . )
page
b e f or e .
Ni c h o l a s ,
to
fun ,
Ni c h o la s ,
Pau l a
Rita
f r om
on .
th�
N OT ICE
M i s s C a r o l D an a
the
Mai n e
In d i a n
tbe
re t re a t
R e s e r v a t i on s .
in
If
you
If
ab o u t
there
(E d i t o r s
A u gus t a ,
live
y o ur s e lv e s .
NEWS LE'i'T. 'R .
idea
an d
Mary
P l e a s an t
has
is
o f f e re d
Ne ws l e t t e r
a
ray
note :
:1 h e r e
I
f r o m h o� e
anyt h i n g
op i n i o n ,
ple as e
her
s e rv i c e s
c on c e rn i n g
M i s s D an a
me t
. wr . )
ke e p
and
f r o�
is
you
w i sh
to
write
fee l
fre e
to
do
Indian
to
send
P e n ob s c o t
a
s e nding
are
.
Yar1iLa l &. M Q rl' � � ::-- B r c;i o k.1?1 s t i l l
Poin t
t he
so .
n e ws
Indian
Pe n o 0 s c o t
the
le t t ers
ab o ut ,
Th IS
or
IS
in
I s J.m d
I n d i an
an d
telling
e xp r e s s
to
e n j o ye d
us
your
Y O U R l !.A INE
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I N D I AN
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IAN NEW SLFI.'TER
EFFECTIVE JANUARY
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NEW S TJB S C�I PTION POLICY
1 , 1968
td
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B e g inning in January , the f o l lowing
sub s c r i p t ion r a t e s w i l l be charged
for a 1 2-month sub s cr ip t ion to t he
MAINE
IND IAN NEWSLETTE R
Ind ian
Non- Ind ian
''
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Ol: <.' � �
(Regular )
(Contr ibu ting )
( Suppor t in g )
( Li f e t ime )
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-$ 10 . 00/year
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If you are
l ive ,
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s cr i p t ion s l ip
your Tribe and
I f you are a NON- I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and s end in the sub
The addr e s s labe l s ind i c a t e the s ta tu s
" I -F " mean s
o f your sub s cr ipt ion .
The abbrevi a t ion of a
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mon th (JAN) i s the t ime - next year -
is s ue a f t e r y o u r s ub s cr ip t ion i s
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due .
s cr i p t ion s l ip ( b e low) W I TH t h e appro
pr i a t e amoun t .
Your sub s cr ip t ion
wi l l b e g in with the nex t avai l ab l e
I wou l d l ike
�- - - - - -
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your sub s cr ipt ion fee wi l l again be
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ge t � ind iv idu a l
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expira t ion no t ice ,
be
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to r e c e ive regu l ar mon thly i s sue s of t he Maine Ind i an News l e t ter :
DATE.�-----
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( S tr e e t ,
Sub s c r ip t ion r a t e s :
S ta t e
Z I P Code )
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AMOUNT ENCLOSED :
(Regu lar ) ,
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to :
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Feb. 1968)
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
Date
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1968-02
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-463
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/a2cb7ddd4c8ea5182317042b52deef37.pdf
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PDF Text
Text
E
Volume 2 , Numb er 6
s
I
'
.
• '
. '.
'
Januar y 1 9 68
I
I ND IANS SCORE VICTORY IN S PECIAL S ESS ION
A major l e gislative · triumph for Maine I nd ians r e su l ted from last-minu te
ac tion b y the S e c ond Spe c ial S ession of the 1 03rd Le gisl ature , which eonve ned
f or three we e ks this month .
S aved from the ver ge of death, L . D: 1858 was
signed into l aw b y Governor Kenneth N. Curtis on January 26th, author izing a
June 1 7 , 1 9 6 8 state -wide re fer e ndum on the issuance of bond s in the amount of
$38l�,ooo for "c onstru c tion and moder nization of ·school fac il itie s at the three
I nd ian r e servations11 and to 11construct water and se wage f acil ities at Ind ian
Township Reserva tion in Prince tonn .
(S ee Page s·l 6-1 8, this issue , f or a de
tail ed acc ount of the b il l 's histor y and passage . )
Origina l ly inc luded in G ov. Cur tis ' pr oc lamation to the S e c ond Special
Se ssion, the f und s ob tained from approval of the b ond issue next June would
be d ir e c ted to the Depar tments of Education and Indian Affairs.
With $ 249 ,000
the Dept. of Educa tion wou ld constru ct one c lassr oom and an al l -pur pose , l ib
rar y-c afeteria area at the Pe nobsc ot and Peter Dana Point schools, and two
c l assr ooms and an a l l -purp ose , librar y-cafe teria f ac il ity at the Pleasant Point
s c hool .
(One additional c l assr oom for Peter D ana Point was author ized ear l ier
by the Le gisl a ture . )
Purpose s of these educational improveme nts would b e to c or r e c t prese nt
over-crm-1ded c l assr oom c onditions, al l ow kind er garte n pr ograms to be star ted,
pr ovide night stud y facil ities for stude nts and adults, and replace existing
unsatisf actor y kitc he n-c afe ter ia arr ange ments.
As a r e su l t of exp anded spac e ,
the pre se nt high te ac her-pupil r atios c a n be l owered, acc ord ing to Education
Commissioner t7il l iam T. Logan, Jr .
r.Jith $ 135,000 the Dept. of I nd ian Affair s,· ·working through the alread y
operating I ndian Township Passamaquoddy Reservation Housing Au thor ity, wou ld
be ap�e to app l y for 70% Fe der al fund s for the construc tion of water and sew
age facil itie s f or that par t of the Township Reservation l ocated near Prince
ton.
Pre se nt sanitary and housing fac ilities in that l ocation are the worst
of any on the three Reservations; suc h sanitary f ac il itie s wil l be e ssential
for the deve l op me nt of the ne H housing pr ograms the Tribe desires in that area .
I n spe aking in suppor t of the b ond issue b il l , as he d id several time s
during its arduous r oad thr ough the Le gislature , Gover nor Cur tis state d :
" I f state gover nment - and I me an the legislative a s we l l a s
�xe cu tive brenc he s - is going to repre se nt itse l f a s concerned
about the educ ation of our young, I . don't see how we can ignore
the disma l pl ight of our I nd ians , not only be cause they have to
atte nd the poorest school s in our state , but because the y a l so
l ive under the mos t tr ying c ir cumstances possible .11
'11le Gover nor further pointed out that since the U . s. Civil �ights Commission
d e termined last summer that Indian r ights are not being infr inged upon, "we
can procee d with a pr ogram of d eve l op ment on the ir three rese rv ations. "
(The
Commission had determined that operation of the school s on the 3 Re serva tions
did not viol ate the Civil Rights Act.
Ed . )
•
�(2 )
D EMOCRATIC PARTY QUES TIONAIRE D I S TRIEUTED
The Naine D emo cr a t i c Par t y r e c e nt ly d i s t r ib u t e d i t s 1 9 68 Pla t form Que s
t io nair e to t he general pub l i c .
In t e nded as "an a t t e mpt
to ob t a i n a wide
range o f vie ws o n t he i mpor t a nt i s su e s fac i ng our S t a t e and Na tion" on t he
par t o f t he 19 68 Democr a t i c Pla tform Commit tee , t he que s t ionair e con tains
s e c t ion s on s uc h topi c s as Edu ca t i o n , Eco no mi c Deve lopme nt , Na tur a l Re s our c e s ,
Labor , Hea l t h & We l fare - and Ind i an Affair s .
C o pie s o f t he que s t ionaire may be r e �ue s t ed from t he Maine De mocr a t i c
Par ty, 2 7 7 L i s bon S tr e e t , Le wi s ton , Ma ine 0424 0 .
The New s l e t t er her e r e pr i nt s
t ho s e que s t ions per t a ining to Ind i a n Affair s , w i t h the t houg ht t ha t readers
mi ght l i ke t o submi t t he ir r e ac t ions t o t he Par ty .
I ns truc t io ns accompanying
t he que s t ionaire ind i ca t e t ha t as many, or a s fe w , que s t ions may b e a nswered
a s a n ind iv idu a l de s ir e s .
Add i t iona l c o mme nt s on any s ub je c t are s o lici ted .
Re s pons e s may be s i gned, or no t , as an ind iv idu a l d e s ire s .
Her e ar e t he que s t ion s l i s t ed und er t he Ind ian Affairs s ub-heading• Any
r e ader wi s hi n g t o submi t an s wer s or comme n t s to t he s e que s t ions s hould send
t he m d ir e ct ly to t he Maine D e mocra t i c Par ty , at t he above - l i s ted addre s s .
•
•
•
I ND IAll AFFAIRS
1.
Sho u ld t he S ta t e -admini s tered e l e ment ary s c ho o l s o n Maine ' s t hree (3 )
Re s erva t ions be br ought up t o t he phys i c a l and educ a t ion a l s t andard s
ex pe c t e d of o t her Maine publ i c s choo l s 7
2.
S ho u l d s pe c i a l i ze d vo cat ion a l training, adu l t educ a t ion and e mployme nt
c ounse l l i ng pro gr a ms be i ni t ia ted for Maine 's Pas samaquoddy and Pe nob s co t
Tr i ba l memb e r s , t o a s s i s t i n i mproving the e conomic cond i t ions o f ind iv
i d ua l s and t he �e s ervat i on commun i t i e s 7
3.
Do y o u fe e l
Re s erva t ion
Re s erva t io n
s id i ze fro m
4.
S hou ld t he Mai ne S t ate Depar t me n t o f I nd i an Affairs be s ta ffed and fund ed
s o a s t o enab l e it to as s i s t t he trib e s in reachi ng admin i s t r a t ive ind e pen
d e nc e as soon a s po s s ib le ?
5.
Do you fe e l t ha t pl an s and programs s hould b e de s i gned so t ha t fund s and
aut hor i ty c a n be ex t e nd e d d ire c t ly t o t he Pas s amaquoddy and Penob s c o t
Tr ibe s (r a t her t ha n t o t he D e par t me nt of Ind ian Affa i rs ) a s r apidly as
t r ib a l org a ni za t i o n per mi t s 7
6.
T;Jhat fur t he r s te ps s hould b e t aken to i ncre a s e s e lf-government and economi c
s e l f- s uffic i en cy among Maine Ind i an s ?
7.
Ple a s e no t e � in ord er o f i mpor t an c e , what you b e l ieve are t he mo s t i mpor t ant
a c t i o ns t he 1 04t h Le gi s lature could take to i mprove Mai ne I nd ian Affair s .
t hat S ta t e mat c hing fund s s ho uld be made avai lab l e to t he
communi t ie s to make po s s ib l e sani t a t io n, hou s ing and o t her
impr ove me nt progr ams , whi c h t he Fe der a l governme nt can s ub
5 0% - 70%?
Nm7
BRUNS WICK IND IANS ORGANIZE
A mee t ing of r e pr e s e nt a t iv e s fro m t hree Mal i s e e t Re s erve s in New Bruns
w i c k r e c e nt ly , may have s par ked w ha t t hey.hope w i ll b e a Uni on o f Ne w Brunswic k
I ndi a ns .
At t ending t he c o nference wer e Chi e f D a n Atwi n and Counc i l l or Wal t er Paul
of the King s c le ar Re s erve , Chi e f Haro ld Sappi e r and Councillor s Willard Paul
(Co nt inued on Page 4)
�- 3 E
EDITOR:
EUG
�I
D
I
0
T
R
A
L
S
(ThOM.S ) THOMfSON
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be subraitted to the Newsletter for publication
following address:
at the
Pine Street
Freeport,
04032
865-4253)
Maine,
(Telephone:
Letters to t1e
'!;ditor are welcome but must confar
required by every newspaper.
They must bear the
1
to the
rules
rrit8r1s correct name
and address although pen names must be signed thoush names will be with
held from publication on request.
Preference will be given to letters
not over .350 1;1ords in length.
Letters are subject to condens�_tion or
editing ··when space limitations require dnd to correction of grahll1'Bl::"
or obvious errors.
x
x
x
x
COMiiENTS BY
The February issue
on
·
Indians.
x
x
·rHE EDITOR
f Cavalier magazine will contain an article
The Penobscot Tribe is mentioned,
1967,
Nov,
as well as my brother
The article was written by Alan R.
illiam Thomas.
Letter,
x
3)
p.
I saw the issue
Le1.10nd
(See
�ews
associate editor of Cavalier.
1hile in New York at Christ . ...:1s tii::e,
and I might
add that the content of the article goes alittle deeper thaR Cavalier
usually seem9
to.
x x x
AG.HN
C.!iLL
Since last summer several Newslett.:r readers have sto:Jped in to see me,
only to find
I
\'laB
Some called back but several were
not at home.
passing through the state and could not.
I was sorry to miss talking
with these peorle too.
I
arn
Nelfare,
after
a social worker for the
at
6 at
180
(Maine)
Department of Health and
Middle Street in Portland.
night and on weekends,
Usually
I
am
at home only
but even this is not alwc.ys the case,
so the best ·�ay to contact rue would be to telephone fir�t and set a time.
So,
Indians,
I
if you ·vill try again
or whatever you have
be
will
glad to t
11-.: with you about
in ruind.
x
x
x
�UEbTIONS
!
Surveys
A
and reports are always being made on the
Indians and
opinions a�e al�ays being made as how to solve the Indian problems
in Maine,
and at ti�es it still is clear very little is then ever done
to remedy the situation.
I�would�say that
is ccming to realization at long last,
progress in some areas
but nevertheless
research needs to be done and more specific,
be
given
to the following questions.
I think more
factual answers need to
(Cont'd on page
5.)
�(4 )
NET·7 BR UNS\HCK
( Continue d. fro m Page 2 )
•
•
•
•
and Alvin Atwin of the Oromocto Re s er ve .
Acting as l i a i s on for the Tob i que
Re ser ve ..;·1as Mr . And r e w Ni c ho la s o f 11as hwaaks i s .
Pro bl ems a ffe c ting mo s t o f the r e s er ve s wer e d i s cu s s e d and a l l agreed
hou s ing was hi gh on the l i s t.
It was unan imous ly de c id e d that a gener a l
invitation b e s e n t to a l l New Bruns wi c k Ind ians invi tin g them to attend the
conference on the e s tab l i s hment of the propo s ed Un ion of Hew Bruns 1:·1ick Ind ians .
(From The Indian Ne ws , Ottawa , On tar io , December 1 9 6 7 )
PAS SAMAQUODDY SANITATIOU APPLICATIOHS F I LED
·
On January 1 9th appl ications from the Ple a s ant Point and Ind ian Town ship
Passamaquodd y Re s e r vation Hou s ing Author ities were filed w i th the re gional o ffi ce
o f the Economi c D e ve lo pmen t Admini s tration , in Portland , fo l lo wing mee tings
of b o th Author itie s on the 1 6th and 1 7th.
The s e important do cuments are re quests for 70% Federal fund ing of the
c o s ts of con s truc tion of s e wa ge and water fac i l itie s on both Re s ervation s b ad l y ne eded for e xi s ting hou s ing, and e s s enti a l for any n e w hous ing d ev e l op
The remainin g 30% of con s truction c o s ts has already been appr o pr i ated
ments .
by the S ta te , to be trans ferred to the Hou s in g Authorities when the Federal
money b e come s ava i l ab le .
Chair man Geor ge S teve n s , Jr . , of the Indian Towns hi p Author it� , and Chair
man Eu gene F ranc i s , of the P l e a s ant Point Author i ty , s i gned the applications
Pr ior to this action , each Author ity had met with its re s pe c tive
for the fund s .
Tr ib a l Counc i l for a general d i s cu s s ion of the appl ic ation and r e lated hous ing
Inc lud e d with the appl ication s to the E . D . A. were �aps outl ining a
plan s .
tentative Re s ervation deve l opment plan , which received initial approva l from
the Tr iba l Counc i l s .
F und s obtained from the F e deral government, as we l l as tho s e appropr iated
b y the S ta te for sewage and water con s truction , wil l be admini s ter ed d ir e ctly
by the two Hou s in g Author i ti e s , and all pro gram decis ions wi l l b e made b y the s e
two fiv e -member bod i e s .
"Wi lderne s s Kingd o m:
BOOK REVIEW
The Journa l s and Pain tings o f F a ther Ni colas Po in t"
The ho l i day s e ason has produced a number of '1bi g books " b u t few ar e a s
impr e s s i ve as thi s one , pub lished b y Ho l t , Rinehart & T.Jins ton .
Pub l ication
of this huge $ 1 7 . 9 5 boo k has re s cued from near -ob l i vion the valuab le impr e s s i ons
in word s and pic ture s - o f a man who s aw an important part of our ear ly h i s tory .
F a ther Po int was the diar i s t and r e c order of a smal l Je s u i t mis s ion to
the Ind i an c ountr y o f the Roc ky Mountains , Idaho . and Montana , between 1 840
and 1 84 7 , a per iod when on ly a fe w white trad e r s had r e ached the are a .
He wrote about Ind ian custo ms , camps , huntin g , med i c ine and witchcraft,
As an untrained painter , he pre s er ved
the ir b e l ie fs and the ir tr iba l war s .
in many mini a tur e s the i ma ge s of the Indians he met and the ir way s o f l i fe .
Hi s favor ite s wer e the F l athe ad s , but he a l s o b e came ac quainted wi th
He s tudied not
Couer s d ' Al e ne s , Blackfoot, Crows , Ne z Pe rce s and other s .
on l y the peo pl e but the fl ora and fauna o f the terr i tory he vis i te d .
F a ther Point was a c cntempor ary of the Amer i can painter George Catlin ,
and whi l e l e s s s kil l ed as an arti s t , he has re cord ed many s cenes that o ther
Hi s journ a l and i ts il lu s trations wer e a l mo s t for
wis e wou l d have b e e n l o s t .
in a Je suit ar chive near Montr eal until the y were r e d i s covere d by a
gotten
Thi s journa l is an important item for anyone intere s te d in
Je s u i t s cho l ar .
(From the Maine Sunday Te l e gr a m , 1 2/2l�/ 6 7 , by Norman F ournie r
Amer ic an Indian s .
�- 5 -
(QUEST IO 1Sl Cont'd frou1 page 3)
('11 Questions refer to Indians living on Reservations in haine. )
1. How many children leave school before 'ntering hish school? Jhy?
2. How many leave while in high school before gr· duation? �hy?
3.
How does this compare gith Indians all over the U.S.?
�ith other
people living in Maine?
4.
How does the lifes· an of the Indi�n in lraine co@pare with other U.S.
Indians?
Cor.1Jared to other citizens living in -"i<"'.ine?
5.
How �any eligible
Unefilployed?
6.
�
•
are full tiwe er ployed?
·fay?
eiployed?
ll
Vhat is being done to preserve Our Indian ·culture in Faine?
Is it
necessary that some of our Most authentic Indi�n reminders of
-
the � past
be sold to colleges,
( Even
as Florida?
museums and individuuls as far
when sowe tribal iteL.ls
to one library a fe v years ago,
7
-art ti�e
"dha t can be done about it?
court action to get this
hy do
•
8.
�V h a t
it's been notetl. )
-_re the u1ost prevalent
do soi· e re!Jain on the
polluted waters,
ii
.:..nd disec..scs y;resent on the
afflictions
such c.s he .. rt,
he.-:.ring proble ns,
These ar&
:lhy
�hy do others return upon retire�ent?
- eserve_ tions,
about the
a�ay
by an individual
the tribe rms unable even through
·aterial b�ck,
Indians leave the Reservations?
reservation?
•."1'ere sold
venerec.l,
lune;,
cancer,
blindness,
petigo and other skin irr it·-.tions
frohl the
etc.?
the questions most often asked hle by people inquiring
Indians liere in Maine,
facts availuble and
but for the most part there are n�
I am not about to guess.
Someone asked me recently
what.
the
Indians were doing for themselves.
He stated thut all he ever heard was what the
else to do for them.
I
Indians wanted soilleone
wonder what your reply would have
been.
LETTERS
( The
o
foll wi ng two letters are in answer to the letter by Helen
re_printed in the December Newsletter from the Brm1B�lick-Bath,
Ross,
Record, Nov. 14, 1967.
Times
-Ed.)
Dear Editor:
I'm �vriting to you in rep;ard to the letter Belen Hoss wrote in
the Decer.iber Newsletter about Don Gellers and
the Indians.
Don is 0orking for tue
I would like to point out a few f�cts.
ABd as far as working for himself,
doing his utmost.
and he
He does not get woney from the Indi�ns or their
entirely untrue.
Indians,
is
this
Trust Fund,
e
is
but
fro
nough to get by on;
different organizations.
therefore,
And this cloney is not
he takes other ca.;es,
too,
in order to
li v e reason abl y.
Don Gellers knows �ore about the FassaLlaquod�y Indians and their
1/ashington County residents and perhaps more than
A f:,OOd portion of i/ashington County
anyone else in the United States.
proble ms than most
residents have alwnys been discriminating against the Indi�n vhether he
w�s a Passama q uo u <l y or an Indian from some· other tribe.
on County,
And although he is a compar�tive newcomer t� Washingt
Don ha s
peeple
Some
doDe more for the Indians than others have ever done.
in �ashington Gounty have done nothing for the Indian except to
I'm not talking about all of the County, but
snicker at him.
laugh or
the shoe fits, ve�r it.
if
( Continued
on page
6)
�(I,et·cers ccint 'd
from page
- 6 5)
for Helen � oss' old adage about being j� ge<l by t e company
you
there is also one that goes like this:
"A r.1an 's home is his
castle," and what he wants to do in that "castle" is
his o n business!
I also have numerous friends who are negro, iexican, Ger an, Spanish,
Turkish, Japanese, Italian, French, Polish, Korean, .'ustralian,
keep,
As
Canadian,
white, and Jewish.
I have associated with these people at
one time or another.
So wh�t does that �ake me?
I don't know how some people judge me and I really don't care.
All
I care about is what my friends think of me.
And I have few enemies in
the States (except for a few prejudiced people).
This is still Free
America,
and I will keep co .�ny with anyone I choose.
The plight of the
assamaquoddy people are being made known all
over the United States and Canada, also a fe� foreign countries.
This
is being done through the efforts of peo1le who are very concerned
·about us:
Don Gellers, Edward Hinckley, Nilliam H. ¥illiamson,
Andrea Schermer, Mrs. Peabody, Dr. Willard Walker, the VISTA's, the Maine
Indian Newsletter, and various other people and organizations.
I can name quite
I know Don C.
instances where Indians were discriminated
few
a
have been printed already in various newspapers.
these cases
But
against.
Gellers personnally and I know
concerned about the Indians.
reople
Some
the Indians
known to say that "tie is• just getting
riled up
Also some one had to get them
the City of Machias during
anyone
riled up."
But some
when Christopher Columbus came over.
I wish we had him
one has to.
that he is genuinely
from w/ashington County have
when they helped to defend
the Revolutionary
!ar
(and I don't think
complained about riled-up Indians then - except mayb-e the
British).
Sincerely,
Morris Brooks
Tribal Council �efilber
Passamaquoddy Tribe
Rrinceton,
(A
copy of the
original ,
following
letter was sent to the Newsletter, while the
it is presumed was sent to
Dear Editor:
Referring to
contained in the
Maine
x
x
x
x
-�d.)
the Times-Record.
the slander, hy�ocrisy and glaring misinformation
letter of
Ross,
Helen H.
(Ti�es-Record,
Nov.
14, 1967)
as one of our prominent Democratic Farty noruinees for President,
of
the
1920's, was famous for saying, "Let's look at the record." (Al Silith)
Helen Ross says, it's true that the �leasant faint Indi&ns are
political voice, pointing 9ut that, �hey have a
and implying that, her long time res�dence and
activity in the County has made her acquainted with that fact.
The truth is:
The Indians were interested in, informed how to, and
urged to form, the Reservation Democratic Committee by Mr. Gellers.
kept
without effective
They
had no such organization before
Democratic Committee,
didn't,
if Mr.
will
inform
Gellers
confirm
you that there would
I
am sure.
In a recent Washington County,
Superior Court
the
or deliberately
Committee
Frqneis Sapiel
as will all four other members of the Reservation
Democratic Committee,
of indictments
Ross failed to,
gotten this one off the ground.
hadn't
this,
this.
still be no such Reservation
Maine Superior Court,_ action a number
against Passamaquoddy Indians were
Justice
for the
reason
dishlis0ed by the
that no Indians were
included in
This was effective politicql voice?
Although Congress, in 1L924, gave all Indians full citizenship,
page 7)
(Cont'd
Jury
List.
�- 7 (Letters Cont'd from p.
�ine didn't
until
1955,
6)
get around to giving the Passamaquodjys the right to vote
and even then, deliberately omitted'the printing of that
section of the ballet
permitted
the
legislature.
(delivered to the Reservations) which would have
Indians to vote for a representative to the �·.'aine
The Indian Representative they were permitted to vote for
had no voice and no vote there.
Can
Ross tell you when the
This was effective political voice?
Indians were permitted to vot'e for a representat.
1965,
the saw.e as Naine's other citizens?
gave them the right to vote?
No.
ten years .:...fter
Eleven years after?
lhe
1966.
matter of fact they had no proper ballots as late as
having an effective
No!
Legislature
As a
This is
a long
and as Ross implies - for
political voice,
time?
Helen Ross may in fact be a long-time resident of dashington County,
but her monumental ignorance of our inhabitants and the social inequality
practiced upon them,
fifty years,
or forced upon them,
leads me to believe that my
my father's three-quarters of
a
century,
not to wention my
grand father and great grand parents being local residents,
give me
a
is likely to
slight advanta.,e in knowing the treatment accord�d our
long-time neighbors,
the Passamaquoddys.
to let sleeping dogs lie.
hoped the problem
We know the
would solve itself,
reason to believe th-_t the
of life if educated,
jobs far afield.
that there
a .
we have been content
and the State did give us every
Indians would
doled out
Locally,
Indians were there but we kind-of
just fade into the mainstream
bare subsistence,
and forced to seek
T.e fact that no white man took the time to understand
.Jas a problem,
only points up the fact that our residents
were supre 1ely tolerant of the
Indians to the point of co1iiplete
indifference.
Mr.
Helen Ross &lso i plies that perhaps you were more concerned with
Gellers than the
Indians,
but fbr the record it is certainly apparent
that she was more interested in slander by innuendo and misinformation
by distortion than in concern her facts.
long-ran;!·e vie
reporters
on.
/
Even in her reQark about the
from Cumberland and Sagadahoc,
were so
she implies that these
far from this area they couldn 1 t know what wl.s going
She failed to inform you that,
Mr. Williamson at least,
reporters spent a great deal of time in this area,
intervieving people,
one of the
on several occasions,
watching what was transpirin� in the Courts,
and
thus his view of events was certainly a great deal closer and clearer
than Helen's.
None of these protestations,
that nothing is '¥ron ,
distortions of truth and arguments
nothing has been wrong,
the Indians are happy,
are going to convince either the Indians, or
those who are genuinely concerned for their welfare that everything is
now fine.
Even the long-time residents who would like you to believe
this are finding their own vords ringing hollowly in their ears.
they h2ve all their rights,
It has taken me some time to cooe to write you to set this matter
straight,
first,
because
I did not believe that your readers were
gullible enough to swallow such remarks in the face of recent factual
articles
you have carried,
r·e vived in the Maine
and second because now the matter has been
Indian Newsletter,
I now feel impelled to set the
matter straight before there is even wider circulation given a�d somehow
peopl.e come to believe through repetition.
You know, if you tell any
big lie often enough it will pick up believers.
Very truly yours,
Charles A. Lewis
.
East po rt, Maine
(LETTERS,
Cont'd on page
8)
�- 8 LETT�RS , C on t 'd from page 7 )
D e ar Editor :
B�bara ( Ke nd a l l) an d I hav e b o t h b e e n honored b y being asked
to be me iiib e rs of t he In dian C ommun it y Ac t ion Frogrc-m C omwi t t e e .
If you s t il l hav e c opie s , you may be gin the s ub s crip t ions wi th t he
i s s u e c on t aining t he le t t e r from He l e n H. Ros s maliging Don G e l l ers .
Mrs . R os s s e e ms t o b e misguid e d in he r v ie ws on Don - a11d as for
G ov . C urtis l abe l lin g him " c on t rov e rs ial" - I wou ld rat he r be "c ontro v e r
s ia l" t han " z e ro".
All n e w c ome rs to 1./ashing t on C oun t y are looke 1..l upon wit h s us pic ien
a n d e s pe c ially s o if t he y que s tion the ill o tiv e s and t raditional at titud e s
o f t he "Bs tab lis hme n t . 1 1
•
•
•
S in c e re ly,
Virginia Po t t l e
Pe rry , !'Jain e
B o t h t he s e s ub s c ripti o n s are non - Indian but pro - Indian . )
(P.S .
x
x
x
x
D e ar Edit o?:' :
Havin g re ad your artic le in t he Ba t h-Bruns wic k (fv1e . ) Time s -Re c ord,
0 f lfo v
14 ' 19 6 7
As my la t e fa ther Samu e l G e orEe C o l s on , born in 1861 and d ie d 1934,
his mothe r C hris t in e G . Le ight on C ol s on b orn 1829, die d 1902 was a £ull
b l o o d e d Indic::n from the Pe n o b s c o t Trib e at Old T own , J\:ain e .
I we n t p e rs onal l y up t o s e e C hie f Po o law or ( Gre y Wo lf) in 1960
and he v e rifie d my lat e fa t he r ' s mother b e ing a full b lo od e d I ndian
100%, and s a id my fat he r c arrie d t he n ame of (white Hors e ) and he ,
C hie f Poo l aw or Gre y Wo lf , had me t ake t he oot h a s I won t e d to be a
m e mb e r of his trib e and he gav e me the t i t me of my lat e fa t he r ' s name
(Whit e Hors e ).
I hav e b e e n t o Indian I s land at Old Town , haine (2) t wic e s in c e
1959.
Now , if pos s ib le , I would' like more inf ori:1ation, about t he Maine
Indians as I am v ery proud to b e of t hat b looR .
- I hav e in my p os s e s sion a pic t ure of Chief Gre y Wo lf (Foo lar) an d
Also his s igna t ure .
his famil y gav e it t o me in 1960.
My l a t e fat he r took me t o Main e e ver sin c e I wa s (6) years old and
n ow I am (67).
VJe s ure would appre c iate any Ne ws le t t e r. - }?a s t or pre s en t or
future on the Maine ren ob s c o t Tri b e mf Indian s
S in c ere ly yours ,
G e orge Leight on C o ls on
F ort Laude rdale , Florida .
•
•
•
•
•
•
x
x
x
•
•
•
x
D e ar S ir :
I am a memb e r of an e xperime ntal t he a t er group in Bos t on whic h is
�Ve have
c urre n t ly working with a t he me of the A,ueric an In dian .
b e c ome partic ularly iht e re s t e d in t he Indians of 0aine and would
'
appre c iate any ma t erial you oan .:>uggest d e s cribing t he ir his t ory,
c ul t ure , t ra di t i o n s , folklore , etc .
We are inte re s t e d in obtainin g a c opy of the b o o k "G lus kap t he
.
Liar and 0t h e r In dian T ale s " b y Hora c e P . Be c k whic h I saw a d v e rt is e d
i n your n e w s l e tt er, an d a s ub sc ription to t h e Haine Indian Ne ws le t t er .
S in c e re ly yours ,
Joan Mofe n s on
·
�- 9 LET1 -R':>,
Cont'd from -p.
8)
BUCKING THE ESTb.BLISEh_.NT
Logging Contracts Unfair
Dear Sir:
a Passamaquoddy Indian of Dana Point Reservation.
I bought a
tractor through F.H. A.
And I was trying to get a lo&ging contract
from the Indian Township.
But Roger Milligan the land a�ent and Froif.
I'm
craw
-
Randall of Orono - rouldn 't let ae cut.
I also ask Georgia and P2,cific
for a job and they turned me down.
So I'ill ask.in[ you to help us to get
a contract.
This is the only way we can suptort our fa�ilies.
I
-- ..
hired 2
ore men, t!:ey to have fa�ilies.
We Indians wc:�nt the same privilage to cut on our land, like the
-1hite wan and Georgia Pacific Co.
_ nytine
a white ;,ian wants a contract
from the Indian township,
they can get it.
But us Indians don't
have the sawe privilage, like they do, even though we ovm the land •
•
Je like to help ourselves,
all the tiLie.
families.
instead of de_ endin;s on the Indi ..
:.n agent
So I'm asking you to help us in order to support our
h!ld make a better home for them.
Sincerely yours
Albert Earnois
Dana Foint
··,e.
Princeton,_
('li'ditor 's note:
re uested by iir,
This lett�r was reprinted trom the
.Vi_gwa11 1Jeekly as
Harnois.
The Newsletter understands a sLnilar letter was sent to Gov.
Curtis.
Je hope t is matter does not get passed over.
The Ne:rnletter would like a statement from Roger Hilligan and
Prpff.
Randall regarding their authority over
Indian Township,
and
an ex�lanation of why every one but Indians can obtain persission to
use the land.
This situation has existed for years, but wost people
who are not· Indiah never hear of it.
This kind of rank prejudice should get the Indians riled up,
Helen Ross notwithstanding.
The Newsletter will have more on this next •aonth;
il.eanuhile we hope
our readers will inquire into this matter with us.)
x
Dear Mrs.
x
x
Thou11_,son:
nclosing a check
th�
x
for
$2 .00
enjoynent we get from the
which is a small payment in return for
Indian Newslettar.
We are Indians and operate a small shop of
Indicin Crafts of our
ff1aine Tribes and other Tribes.
Being able to �ake our own craits is a lucky thin� for us as
Indian work in
this area is getting more and more difficult to get.
�test of us
Indians in the business are hindered to soLle extent from
buying
from our people by
11 V/hite
Indian"
shops.
a
monopolizer in the trade Rho sells only to
Business is business,
but iJoney is green in any
man's language wouldn't you say?
I think it i,rnuld be nice to have an "Honest Injv.n" who could help
or represent the
Indian in theae matters.
Another gripe is the white Indian sho·iJs that advertise to the sky and
when you enter the shops find "so:Je}' Indian work stuck in a corner
a�e 10)
(Continued on
�- 10
-
and most w o r k mad e by Hong Kong Ind i ans , and not an Indian in sight
.
Please , I'm n o t a disagr e e able pe rson - just a i r ine o ff a l i t t le .
Ke e p up t he g o od w or k o n your pape r - r·1an y t l an_-s r o r L.:any p le asant
mome n t s .
S ince r e ly,
C h r is Nich olas
S e arspo r t , 1-:ai n e
(I a gr e e .
I hav e p lann e d for soi; e t ime t o r e :Jrint an i t e ru fr om t he
first i ssue of t h e Ne wsle t t e r (Au gust 1966 ) and t his se eu1s like an appr opr ia'
t im e . )
PROTECTION OF INDIHN 1RTS A.ND C RhFT
Pr o t e ct i on for eonsum e r s and pr oduce rs of Indi an and Eskimo A r t s
a nd C r aft s .
Wha t is the F e d e r a l Le gisl at i on:
The Act of C ongr e qs which cre at e d the Ind i�n A r t s and C r aft s Board,
spe cifie s as foll ows:
"S e c. 6 .
.Jho e v e r w i l lfu lly offe rs or d isplays for sale any go ods,
w i t h o r w i t ho u t any G ov e r nme n t t ra d e oar k, as Indian pr oducts or Indian
pr o duct s of a par t icu la r Ind ian t r i b e or group r esid e nt wi thin t he
Un i t e d S t a t e s o r t he T e r r i t o r y of Alaska , whe n such pe rson knows
such go ods a r e n o t Indi�n p r o d ucts or are n o t Indian �ro d uct s of t he
par t i cular Indi an t r i b e o r gr oup shall be fi n e d not raore t h an $500 or
imprisoned n o t � o r e t han si x mont �s or b ot h.
Ev i d e n�e of v i olat i on of S e ct i on 6 of t he Act shou�d b e dir e ct e d t o
t h e Indian Ar t s and C raft s Board, U . S . D e par t me n t of the In t e r i or,
Washingt on, D.C . 20240.
C ase s of Misr e p r e se nt �t i o n may also be r e �or t e d
t o t he F e d e ral T r a de C om.missi on, Pe nnsy lvania �v e nu e a t 6 t h S t r e e t ,
N.vv., ;.Jashingt on , D . C . "
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
�ome t ime a go the Ne wsl e tt e r r e ce i v e d t h e foll owing i t em se n t t o us
by C h i e f S t r ong Horse of t he Pue b l o and · t he Narra�ans�t T r i b e as he
t ho u g h t many of o u r Maine Indi ns w ould b e int dr e st �d; -�d)
"i l l iman t ic - C hi e f An t h o n y J. Tamar, 62, of 54 Jame s Rd . , ..Jindham (Conn.)
head of t he Algonq uin Indian t r ibe , die d Mondey (Sept . 4, 1967) at
.·JindharJ. Community 1e mor ial Bosp i t al .
He '.fas se r v i n g his se cond year as chie f of t1je Nort h Awe r ic n
Indian C lub .
C h i e f T o m e r b e ca�e a we ll-kn own figur e aft e r he made
se v e ral tPlev�sio n and r adi o a ppe a rances de scr i b i n� Ind i an cul t ur e ,
craf t s and ce r e Qonial dance s.
He was b or n i n Gre e nv i lle , Maine , and was e mp l o Y,ed a t PBa t t &
Whi t n e y A ircraft C o. un t i l his r e t i reme nt in 196l .
He was a me mb e r of
Owe be t uck G r ange , PofH, S o u t h •�in dham, communi can t of the Firs. t Bapt ist
Church and was a Wor ld War II v e �e r an.
He l eqve s his wife , Max ine Hobbs T ome r of Windham; fiv e daught e rs,
five sons, his mo t he r , Nrs Ka t h e r ine N. T ome r , Gr e e nv i l le , Maine ; t w o
b r o t he r s, Noe l T oLle r, Gr e e nv ill e , Mai n e a n d dilfr e d Tome r, Old T own,
Maine , t h r e e sist e rs, T'-'irs . C e l i a C o t e , t'!i lo, r•Ja ine , 1rs G e r aldine S olomon
of C anad a and Eiss Je nny T ome r , R o ckwo od, I1a in e and t hl:r t y grandchild r e n.
�
X
X
X
X
JC
X
X
�(11)
NffiJ :NDIAn L\GENT Aj?:--�r�. J'F"J BY PAS SA 1AOU DDY TRIBAL ('')'l'j JG _,s
. .
At last night 1 s joint m'=e":ing of the . Indi&r: "_ ·n· :.ip and I':\ , . �ant Point
Horace 11Bud11 reston was appointed by the two Ccuncils to
Tribal Councils,
serve as permanent Indian Agent for the Calais office.
During this meeting,
held at the Calais Indian office, Mr. Weston and another applicaat for the
job, Lawrence D. Fike, were interviewed by the Councils' members.
Indian
Commissioner Edward C. Hinckley conducted the meeting, but was not present
when the Councils voted on the appointment; thus marking the first time Indians
alone have been able to choose their own Indian Agent.
Attending the meeting from Indian To�mship 1·1ere Governor John Stevens,
Morris Brooks, Basil LaCoote, Pauline Stevens, Archie LaCoote, Joan Dana,
and VISTAs Bruce Thomas and John Larme.
(Attending from Pleasant Point were
Governor Joseph Mitchell, Lt. Governor Timothy Newell, Daniel Francis, Garfield
Holman, John Nicholas, Mary Sapiel, Mary Yann51l and Irene Lewey.)
Commissioner Hinckley opened the meeting at 8 P.M. by explaining the
employment requirements for a salaried state position such as Indian Agent.
Re stated that there were 8 applicants for the position who were 11rated by
the Examining Division of the Department of Personnel on the basis of experience
and education combined,
and assigned numerical scores.''
Commissioner Hinckley
then said that the three applicants having the highest scores were invited to
Applicants Mr.
this meeting to have interviews with the Councils' members.
Heston and Mr.
H.
Pike were interviewed at the meeting, but the third applicant,
Leon Andrews,
could not attend because he was in Florida.
Mr. �Teston, who has served as a temporary Indian Agent since Tony Kaliss
left the position, was the first of the two applicants to be interviewed by
Mr.
the Councils.
Pike was interviewed next, and then Commissipner Hinckley
left the meeting while the Councils discussed the applicants and voted on the
applicants.
All members of the two Councils appointed Mr. Weston •
(From the Wigwam Heekly,
Indian Township Reservation,
•
•
•
1 / 1 2 / 68 )
SPOTLIGHT:
INDIAN AGENT
by Richard Dana
Horace "Budn Heston, age
43, was appointed official Indian Agent for the
Passamaquoddy Tribe last night by the Tribal Councils of Indian Township and
Pleasant Point.
This is the first time an Indian Agent has been chosen by
the Indians themselves and not a state official.
Mr. Weston's employment record includes journalism work, public school
Englisp teacher, social worker, case worker, and before last night he was where
he will continue to be - the Calais Indian office - serving as �emporary agent
since Tony Kaliss left that position.
During his interview with- the Councils' members, Mr. !eston stated that
he has enjoyed his job of temporary agent and would plan to stay indefinitely
if he became permanent agent,
which he did.
Mr. �7eston spoke highly of the CAP program as a great road of success,
saying "Right now,
I don't know what we would do without it."
Mr. Weston said that perhaps one improvement that could come about would
be better communication between possible Indian employers ��d the Indians.
In
reply to a question of whether he would be willing to work with the Tribal
Councils,
Mr. Weston stated that he was "perfectly willing to work with anyone"
for the benefit of the Tribe.
Applicants for the Indian Agent position were evaluated by the state
Department of Personnel and Mr. Weston received the highest score of the eight
Mr. Weston is married and lives in Pembroke.
men who applied for the job.
(From the Wigwam
}i���_ly.
Tndian
Tnwn�hip Rese1:vat:1.on. 1/12/68)
�(12)
Ers, Eugenia Ynompson, Editor
L:uu� Ii:.dian Newsletter
Pine Street
Ja:J
�ry .
4032
Freeport,
Maine
Dear Mrs.
Thompson;
Thank you v ery much for contacting me about Mr. Albert Harnoist letter
to you regarding logging work on the Indian Township Reservation.
Mrs.
Harnois called me about this on January 15th, and by January 17th I was able
to provide her with the following information - in person, through
r. Weston,
the agent in our Calais office, and by letter.
mation with you and the Newsletter readers.
I am happy to share this infor
( See
Page 9, this issue - Ed. )
Cutting of timber on Indian Township is on a "sustained yield" basis, so
that the income produced enters the Tribe's trust fund at a relatively steady
rate each year.
it grows.
That is,
the wood is harvested approximately at the.same rate
The alternative method of cutting would be "clear cutting" whereby
the whole Township might be totally cut in a short time; after that there would
be no income for many years, while new trees were growing.
This sustA.ined yield cutting is jointly managed by the University of
Maine
( School
of Forestry ) ,. the State Department of Forest Service,
and the
Georgia-Pacific Corporation - each agency providing certain services under a
three-way contrac�.
This contract,
and the activities of the three agencies,
are annually reviewed by the Ind ian Township Management Committee, which includes
representatives of the three agencies, myself, an d the two Passamaquoddy G overnors.
!'.!21
One of the conditions of this working agreement is that non-Indians will
be employed cutting wood on the Township.
In past years, because of dif
ficulty in obtaining an all-Indian crew to v.ork on the Township, the planned
Any crew working on
"cutting schedule" for the Township has fallen behind.
the Township is expected to cut a certain quota of wood each week; the wood
which may be cut is that which has been marked for cutting , in accordance with
the cutting schedule,
in certain definite locations on the Township.
Since early this fall, an all-Indian logging crew, under the direction of
When Mrs. Harnois
Mr. Joseph Sockabasin, has been cutting on the Township.
called me about her husbandts desire to begin cutting on the Township, I did
I
some checking with representatives of the three agencies mentioned above.
1 ) Georgia-Pacific, as a whole, has recently
found out three pertinent things.
had to lay-off 5 of its 34 logging crews because of over-production - in other
words, more w:>od had been cu t than the Company could haul out or use during the
winter.
2) Normally, the a mount of wood which could be cut from the Township
during a year, .under the sustained yield program, w:>uld only support a single
3) However, because the Township1s cutting schedule had fallen
logging crew.
behind, it was felt that a second all-Ind ian crew could be used on the Tow:nBhip
at this time.
Accordingly, Mr. Harnois was advised to contact Georgia-Pacific again with
his tractor and a crew of four Indian c utters, a nd it is my understanding that
he a nd his crew have been working on th e Township since about January 19th.
I do not pretend to be an expert
I hope this will answer your questions.
in forest management, but - in cooperation with Tribal officials - we are looking
for ways in which the Township's resources may be more beneficial to the Passa-·
Right now, I am delighted that there are two .5-man Indian
maquoddy Tri be.
crews employed on the Township.
Sincerely,
Hinckley, Conmdssioner
Department of Indian Affairs
Edward c.
�I
I
1)
� )
COL' NZL JOHN A1LAN
'by John Francis Sp-r:'.01--'
�
( Continued
fr
m
De cemb er i ss �·
" _.
The re sult ( of the appeal by Chief Oreno of th e Penobs cot 1'ribe ) was an
urgent appeal to Ma ssachuset t s Coleny by Celenel Allan for aid in b ehalf of
the s e Indians .
He said in part :
" • • • I Inquired & Exanined int. the Pertfoulars sett
forth by theu, - and f 'Jund that their Coin.plaints were but
te Just & True, & Such as must reflect the greatest
Dishonour on many perso n s settled on that River
I shall
Cora:;:iuni c at e the perticulars t� Congre ss as it is the
Indians Earne st des ire, & Trust that all will Cast an Eye
o f Pity on t he s e Poor Wr etche s , that Just e s s �ay be done
thera, & be 9etter taken c are of for the fut er . 11
In t he fall of 1780, the British Indian agent nade an unusu al effort to
induc e the Indi ans to forsak e the Ameri cans and unite wt th their arny·.
For
a long period no suppli e s from Bo ston had reac hed Machias for th e Ind ians and
it s eemed as though a faIJine would ensu e .
After nany futile attenpt s to
awaken the Council to th e perils of the Eastern country, which appeared to
Colonel Allan so ir:la:i.ne nt , h e decided t hat i t was nec e s s ary for hil'n · to go to
Beston and have a perso nal int erview with the authoritie s in erder to s ecure
the nece s s ary aid .
When th e Indi ans were inf orn�d ., f hi s int ent ion t• leave
than fo r t hi s purpo s e, they feared t hat he ;night never return and refused their
cons ent and da;iand ed some s ecurity for the f\J. lfillment of his pro�rl. se s �
rt was finally arranged that he should leave hi s two oldest sons, Mark
and Willi am, in the hands of the Indian s as hostage s . . . .
Colonel Allan 1 s home and he adquarters was at Mac hias unti l the cles e of
tho war .
In July, 17831 h e visited Bo sto n and resigned his position.
In
17S4 he r eturned to Maine and entered upon mercantile 9u sine s s on wh at was
afterwards kno-wn as Allan ' s Island .
In tw• years he closed his 'Dusine s s and
reti red at Lube c �.ii ll s, where . he r esided until his death, February 7, 1805 .
In lt'9 a m� nument was erected e ver hi s grave whi ch is �n the Island that 9 ears
his name .
In 1789 he s ent a farewell addre s s to th e Indi ans as follows :
11 IN DIAN EASTERN DEPAR'IMEN T
MACHIAS , April Z?, 178�
To the Penob s cot, Marishute, Madewascow, all the rest
o f the · St . John, Pass runaquoddy, ¥ ck-macks and all
.i
•th ers, friend s and brnthers to Ameri ca and the
French Natie n :
Brothers - Peac e attend you with the Ble ssings • f the Great
God to rest on you and family 1 s - My joy is ffJr your good health
and p ro sperity - open your eyes , e ar s ·and heart s - Hear and attend
String o f
to wh at I say - I s alute you with a loving heart .
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Wampum.
Brothers ... I see you have b ec�r.:ie much scattered and divided ;
t h at Geed Coun0:il fQr your S afety cannQt be procured with�ut
b eing more together and knowing one another ' s mind s .
Broth ers - The opportunity will e e very advantageou s and
s
s afe for you t� g et tegether : - The supplies and troop ordered
t• thi s Country for it s defense an:i your Safety by Ameri c a and
France, wi ll prevent t he enemi e s of our Country from oolesting
us :in our imperl ant busines s .
Broth ers ... I d e the refo re now by thi s b elt o f Wampum i n the
name ef th e go od p eeple o f the U . S . of .Ameri c a, and by the duty
( C�ntinued en Page 14 )
�( 14 )
( Continue d from Pag e 1 3 )
and a f fe c tion due your An c ient Father , the �in� o� �7an c e ,
by virtue of the Tr eaty of Fri end s hip s e tt l e- d and con f irn1�� d
b e t-cveen the s e two Nation s , Summon and r e qu ir e you to me e t
· me in Grand Counc i l , to be he ld at Pas samaquoddy, as s oon
as po s s ib l e after the 2 8 th day of May , and for you to give
me noti c e and in form me ther eof .
Brothe rs - If you think of your Safety and that of your
wive s and chi ldren , you w i l l not n eg l e c t thi s on any ac count
Whate ve r .
Fare-cve l l ti l l I see you .
J. ALLAN
Con tinen ta l Agent and Com ' d in Chi e f of Ind ians , Ea s tern De p ' t . "
The B r i ti s h were very bi tter aga i n s t Colone l Al lan and for years a
r eward of one hundred pound s was s e t u pon hi s head .
They repeatedly made
attempt s to inc i te the Ind ians to take hi s l i f e and of fered the m br ibes to d o
so
a s we have pr eviou s ly r e marked her e in , he i s entitled to much mor e
r e � o gn i t i on and r enown than ha s yet been awarded hi m
Jud ge Jone s , 1ho r e s i d ed a l ong per iod in Nac hi a s , and who we l l knew
the hi s tor y o f Ea s tern Maine , s tated in 1 3 2 0 :
" That i t ·was a n imme n s e advantage to the inha bi tants e a s t
ward of the Penobs c o t that the great ma j or i ty of the . Pas s a
ma quoddy & S t . John Ind ian s j oined with us i n s te ad of adhe r
i n g t o the ene my, f or had they b e e n aga in s t us , a n d been s e t
on by the Lr i ti s h t o plunder our towns and s e ttlements , the
who l e popu l ati on mu s t have been d e s tr oyed .
Gre at cre d i t
i s d u e the Ind ian s for the ir r igid adherence to our cause,
a lthough a t time s the commi s s ary ' s d e par tme n t wa s d e s t i tute
of prov i s ion s and c l othing for them . "
The s tory of the white man ' s supremacy over the red man in Nor th America
is a hi s tory of a tr agedy of crue l ty and inj u s tice .
The Je s ui ts , from the day that they fir s t landed en the Ame r i can c on
tinent fu l l of z e a l and enthu s ia s m to found a n ew France and to conver t al l
o f the Ind i an s to the Cathol i c faith , unti l the hour arr ive d when the l a s t
o f the ir mi s s i on s b e c a me obs ol e te, a ppe ared t o c ompr e hend the nature of the
Ind i an, tre ated him kind ly , won hi s a f f e c tion and proved to be a bl e s s ing and
a comfort to him .
Other s who were e qual ly as succe s s fu l in thi s re gard are
f e w in number and oc cupy but l i ttl e s pace on the page s of Amer i can hi s tory .
The me ed of pra i s e a l ong the s e l in e s due to Wi l l i am Penn, John El l iott,
Jona than Edward s and a f ew o ther s i s great and s hould n e ver be over l ooked by
any wr i ter u pon thi s s u bj e c t, and the name of Co lone l John A l l an be longs in
thi s g a l axy of ju s t men .
Hi s unceas ing f a i thfu lne s s to the ir cau s e and
his kindne s s to them won the ir e ve r l a s ting l o ve and re s pe c t .
On l y a s hort time b e f or e hi s death he vi s i ted the Pa s s amaquoddy tri be
f or the l a s t time and placed in their kee ping hi s farewe l l me s s ag e in wr iting
to them , the or i g in a l tr eati e s whi c h he had cau s e d to be made w i th Mas s ac huse tts
in the ir b e ha l f, and l etter s r e l a t i ve to the s ame, and c harged the m to a lways
pr e s er ve the m as l ong as the tr i be exi s ted
The tr ibe ha s e ver s in c e the farewe l l vi s i t made it by Colonel Al lan
tre a sured the pa pe r s and d ocu me nts whi c h- he l e f t with them and whenever a
new Governor of the tr i b e i s e l e c te d the reti r ing Governor place s them in
hi s c harge to be by him che r i s hed and pre s er ve d and pas s ed ove r to hi s suc
c e s s or in of f ic e .
And a l ong with thi s l i t tl e tr i ba l ar chive i s also handed
d own through the gener a tions the s tory of the ir great benefactor and the pro
found l ove that the ir fathers had for him .
(From Sprague ' s Journ a l of Maine Hi s tory, Vol . 2 , No. 5 , Fe bruary 1 9 1 5 .
S u bmitted by Mr . Howard Smith, a d i r e c t d e s cendant of Col . John A l l an .
Ihe .
�rti c l e beg an in the November 1 9 67 i s sue of the News l e tter . - Ed . }
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�( 15)
GOVERNOR cur.. TIS C I -TE S INDIAN PROGRAMS I N
'EAr E t LJ ::' �
-' • • ' T
.
Indians are ano t her specia l group of citizen s who have been helped this
As the Indian Reserva tions have no local pr oper ty tax re venues, the
S t a te has a dis t in c t responsibil ity for providing
adequate governmen t serv i ce s .
A task force headed by the O . E . O . Direc tor s tudied the ways Federal
pro grams could '•enefit trites on t he Reserva tions.
Consisten t with this
approach, the legislature appropriated $ 304 , 700 as
the Sta te ' s share of a
federally -assisted hou s ing pro gram to cons t ru c t water and sewage facilities
on all t hree Reserva tions.
year.
Tribal housing au t hori ties have been estat lished that
will enaLle
the Indians to administer these systems and look to housing assis tance from
the U . S. Department of Housing and Urban Developmen t
.
Tne Catholic Church has organi zed, along wi t h some o t her agencies, a
Division of Indian Services to sponsor year-round reservation programs in
he al t h educa tion and secondary scho o l counseling.
by
( From the Report on State Governmental Activi ties, issued January 6 , 1 968
Gov. Kenneth l:l. Curt is - reprin ted from the Maine Sunday Telegram, 1 / 7 / 6 8 )
POS S IBLE PASSAMA UODDY 0-J - T PROGRA.11 GIVEN HIGH PRIORITY
A mid-December meeting wi th officials in charge of Manpower Development
and Training in l1aine brought out the fac t
tha t a lack of Federal funds will
force cancella t ion of MD TA basic educa tion courses.
It also brough t out
tha t
failure of the On-The-Job - Training Program t o b e funded i s holding u p top
priority programs tha t would be developed to help the disadvantaged in F ranklin
County and the Passamaquoddy Tribal Councils ' Community Action Program.
Governor Cur t is told the mee ting that
the fund shortage has created an
" extremely serious " situa tion.
He has wired mem ers of Congress urging their
.
suppor t in ob taining federal funding for con tinuation of programs at least a t
the same level a s previous years.
Randall Nichols, Maine Supervisor of t he Bureau of Apprenticeship and
Training , U . S .
Dep t . o f Labor,
t old t he mee ting tha t emergency funding should
be provided for at least three of
t hre e is one for
the most vital 0-J - T pro je c t s .
the Passamaauoddy
Tribal C oun cils'
Among these
Communi ty Action Program .
This is a proposed " c oupled' i 0-J - T pilot program to aid persons in t he
Indian communities of the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Reserva tions.
The d e t ails of the program would be developed by the CAP Commi t tee .
nature and magnitude of Indian poverty,
education and employmen t,
25
The
resul � from inade�ua te
demands a special approach as proposed by the pro j e ct.
This initial effort
would involve
Nichols said,
t o provide needed guidance and j o b -site training
t rainees and would cost approximately
(Extracted from �laine OEO News, Augusta, Me. ,
$ 30 , 000 .
Vo l . 1 ,
No .
9)
CAN ' T B4'\ME HORSE FOR HAVII�G COLD FEET
(UPI) - Horse-sense took on a new meaning at the Nava j o
snowbound f o r seve ral days by a fierce series o f bli z zards.
WHITEWATER , Ariz.
Reserva tion ,
An elderly Navajo ,
Sidney Yaz zie ,
trudged almost
10 miles through waist
de ep snow to Luy groceries at the Whitewater Trading Post.
trading post operator ,
Cal Foutz ,
The astounded
asked why he didn't ride a horse.
" Th e horse didn ' t want to go , " Yaz zie answered curtly.
(From the Por t land Evening Express ,
1 2/ 2 2/ E 7 )
DID YOU KNOW THAT
Herbert S. Sperry , former Princ e t on , Me . ,
Scho o l Superint enden t ,
is t he new
Dire c t or of t he Sta te Division of the Office of Economic Opportunit y ?
was named by Gov. Curtis t o replace former Direc t or Clyde Bartle tt .
He
�( 16 )
L . D . 1858 :
TUE S TORY OF A B OND I�SUF. P. U�.
"AN Ac t to Au thorize B ond I s sue in the Amoun t of $ 384 , 0 00 for Deve 4opment of
Educa t ion , Sewage and Water F ac i l i t i e s at Indian Re s erva tions"
" EDUCATION , DE PAR TMENT OF
Ind ian Scho o l s
Peno b s c o t Reserva tion
Ind ian Town ship Re serva tion
Pleasan t Po in t Re s erva tion
INDIAN AFFAIR S , DEPARTMENT OF
Ind ian Town ship Re servat ion . Pr inceton Area
Wa ter and Sewage Faci l i t ie s
.
$ 73 , 000
7 3 , 000
103 , 000
$ 24 9 , 000
$ 135 , 000"
"Sha l l the State provide for con s truc t ion and modernization o f s choo l
faci l i t ie s a t the three Ind ian reservat ion s and cons truct water and sewage
fac i l i t i e s at Ind ian Township Re s erva t ion ( at ) Pr inceton by i s su ing bond s in the
amoun t o f $ 384 , 000 , pas s ed at the Second Spe cial Se s s ion of the 103rd Legi s l ature ? "
- t o b e submi t ted " a t a special e ta te•wide e le c t ion to be he ld o n June 1 7 , 1968 " .
Thi s prop o s a l f ir s t s aw the l ight o f day in Governor Cur t is ' pro c lamat ion
c a l ling the S econd Special S e s s ion of the 103rd Legi s lature , which read fn part :
" Two b ond i s sue s for ( 1 ) re s idential fac il i t ie s at Maine Mar i t ime Academy and
F armington S ta te Col l ege ; and ( 2 ) water and sewage sys tem and educational fac i l
i tie s for the Indian Re servat ions ; "
In h i s addr e s s to the convent ion o f Senator s and Repres entatives on January
9 t h , the opening day o f the Spec ia l Se s s ion , Governor Cur t i s , in re ferring to
the Indian Re s ervation bond i s sue propo s a l , s aid :
" The second wou ld provide $ 3 84 , 000 as the S t a te ' s
contribu tion for water and sewerage sys tems at the Prince
ton Indian Re servat ion and for new Ind ian s cho o l s at the
Penob s c o t Re serva t ion , Pe ter Dana Poin t , and Pleas an t Point.
to r eplace the pre s en t o ld , crowded fac i l i t ie s .
The State
mus t accept the re s pon s ib i l i ty for rapid improvement in
educat ion o ppor tun i t i e s and l iving cond i t io n s on our Re ser
vations � "
L .D . 1 85 8 , the Indian bond i s sue b i l l , was r eferred to the Legi s la t ive
Commi t tee on Appropr i a t ions and Financial Affair s , chaired by Sena tor Ri chard
N . Berry (R-Cumber lan d ) and Repr e sentative Harold Bragdon (R- Perham) .· - Te s t imony
suppor t ing the b i l l was pre sented on January 10th by Mr. Omar Nor ton , representing
t he Dep t . o f Educat ion , and Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley , Dep t . of Indian Affair s .
Commis s ioner Hinckley submi t ted t o the Commi t tee , i n add ition t o hi s ora l t e s t i •
mony , a wr i t ten s ta tement per t aining to t h e need for water and sewage fac i li t i e s
in the Prince ton area o f t h e Indian Township Re servat ion .
Information o n
both mea sure s had b e e n a l s o pre s ented t o the Appr opr iations Commi ttee at the
Legis l ature ' s r egular s e s s ion in January , 196 7 .
Very few que s t ions were a sked
by the Commi t tee memb er s ; Commi s s ioner Hinckley a s sured the Commi t tee that the
a c tual s it e p l ann ing of the sewage and water fac i l i t i e s would be conducted py
t he Indi an Town ship Pas samaquoddy Re s ervation Hous ing Authority , and that such
p lanning woul d have to mee t f ederal specifications for approval .
There was no
oppos'i tion to the b i l l expr e s sed at the hearing .
On January 1 8 th , the Appropr iations Commi t tee repor ted the b i l l out o f
Comnii t tee t o the Hous e o f Repre sentative s , wi th a unanimous Ought Not To Pas s
repor t .
Thi s meaQ t that a l l 1 0 members o f the CoDDDi t te e fel t that the Legi s
l ature s hou ld no t approve the b i l l .
The Commi t tee c@n s i s ts of 7 Repub licans
and 3 Democr atS:(Continued on
�f l 'I)
( Con t inue d from Pa ge l G }
U i �:�- ""t1 t debate, the House vo ted t o accept · the Com.rui t tee ' s r epor t .
LD te.r that
(D •Klngman ) , the b i l l ' s r:?on s or , made
a mo tion that the Hous e r e cons ider its action ( in accept ing the Oug h t No t To
Pas s r eport o f the Commi t tee ) .
Representative Catherine carswe l l (D � Por t land )
suppor ted this mo t ion , s aying tha t many Hou se member s aid no t under s t and the
oppo s i t ion to the b i l l and tha t they needed an extra day to look into the ma tter r
Repr e s entative Bragdon oppo s ed the mo tion , poin ting out that the Appropr i at ions
Commi t tee had g iven care ful cons ideration to the measure and had unanimous ly
agreed that the b i l l should no t pas s .
Repre sentative Rodney Scr ibner (D- Por t •
land ) a l s o oppo sed S t arb ird ' s mo tion f o r recons iderat ion .
Scr ibner sugges ted that there had been too l i t tle p l anning done on the
propo sed cons truction pro j e c t s and que s t ioned whe ther the Indian Affairs Depar t
ment could hand le any more cons truct ion pro j e c t s now other than the one s already
author ize d at Pe ter Dana Poin t , Pleasan t Point and the Penob scot Reservat ion .
He repor ted that i t had b een " informa l ly agreed that the sum o f $ 25 , 00 0 shou ld
be appropr iated to the Bureau of Pub lic Improvements to plan the se pro j e c t s . "
Mr . Starb ird sugg·e s ted than any p l anning requir�d could be done during
the t ime b e tween pas sage of the b i l l and the June e le ct ion , for examp l e , s o
that more time would n o t be los t .
He po in ted ou t that i f the b i l l author i z ing
the bond i s sue re ferendum were no t pas sed , " i t w i l l be two year s before we can
ge t to work ; two year s , two more year s for grade s choo l enro l lment ; two more
year s o f l a ck of adquate sewerage ; two more years of po l lution in a lake a long
Pr in ce t on S trip , a l l of the s e to continue in thi s snowbal l ing increas ing con
d ition . "
A ro l l call vo t e wa s reques ted by Mrs . Carswe l l and approved by a t l e a s t
one-fifth o f the mem er s o f t h e House .
The vo te on Repre senta t�ve S tarbird ' s
mot ion to reconsider the previous House acceptance o f the Commi t te e report was
Ye s : 5 1 ; No : 79 ; Ab sen t : 20 .
Accordingly , the b i l l was sent to the Senate
for concurrence .
Thursday afternoon , Governor Kenne th M. Curt i s i s sued a s tatemen t , urging
that the Legi s la ture pas s the bond i s sue b il l .
" The S tate of Maine , " said
Cur t i s , "has the prime re spon s ib i l i ty for improving the l iving condi tions o f
our f e l low c i t i zens re s id ing o n re s erva tions . "
Of special concern , s aid
Cur t i s , i s the fai lure o f the Appropr iations Commit tee and the House o f Repr e s
entative s to accept the b i l l - h e s tated that only favorabl e ac tion b y the
Maine Senate could keep the b i l l a live .
The b i l l re ached the Senate on the afternoon of the 1 8 th , where it was
tabled by Senator Hera ld a . 1Becke t t (R-Washing ton ) un til Fr iday , the 1 9 t h .
On t h e morning o f t h e 19th , t h e b i l l came u p f o r con s iderat ion in the
.
Senate .
Senator Becke t t made a mo tion that the b i l l be sub s t i tuted for the
repor t of the Appropr iations Commi t tee .
The Senator spoke at length in
suppor t o f his mo t ion , dicu s s ing the sewage and water pro j e ct s , and the s choo l
cons truct ion pro j ec t s , separate ly .
In d i s cu s s ing the Princeton " Strip" area of the Indian Township Re serva
t ion , Sen . Be cke t t accur a te ly d e s cr ibed the unsafe and i l legal condi tion s that
He empha s i zed the
exis t due to inade quate water and lack o f sewage fac il i t ies .
negat ive impre s s ion thJ t tour i s t s receive from trave ling through the Re s ervat ion
and s e e ing the se cond i t ions , and explained why �the locat ion was a des ireable
p lace for tr iba l members to l ive , in terms o f acce s s ib i l ity to j ob s in the near
He descr ibed the vo l�me of mai l which he ha s received a s Chair
by communit i e s .
man o f the Ind ian Affairs Commi t tee of the Legis lature , asking that s omething be;
done , and he e� p lained the impor tance of the proposed water and sewage fac i l i t ie G
t o feder a l ly"a s s i s ted hous ing programs which the Indian Township Hous ing Author� · . ·
i ty is reques t ing for the Re serva tion .
In d i s cuss ing the propo sed additions to the s choo l buildings on a l l thTee
Reservation s , Sen . Be cke t t descr ibed the needed fac i l i ties , emphas i z ing the
delapid ated cond i t ions of the s chool at Pe ter Dana Poin t and the overcrowded
(Continued on Page 1 8 )
cl ay , Re pr e sentative G l enn Starb ird , Jr .
·
�(18)
L . D . 1858 :
THE S TORY
( Continued from Page 1 7 )
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cond i t ions ex i s t ing at Pleasan t Poin t , par ticular ly .
He explained th a ti
con
s truc t ion of the propo sed s choo l add i t ion s wou ld permi t , for example , such pro
grams as kind ergar t ens to b e s tar ted :
" The bui lding o f the se c las srooms and
t h i s mu l t ipurpo se room , whi ch cou ld be u s ed for kind ergar ten purpo se s , I think ,
wou ld be a gre at he lp in fur thering their educat ion .
You can imagine when
the se chi ldren come in on the firs t morn ing of school , the t eache r says ' Good
morning , children , ' and they are apt to say ' B ox we nox see lum , ' which I think
mean s ' What d id you s ay ? '
They don ' t unders tand the Eng l i s h language and they
are at a d i s advan tage t o s tart w i th . "
Senator B e cke t t read Gov . Cur t i s ' pr e s s s t atemen t to the Sena t e , and pre
s en t ed e ach senator with a copy o f a s t a tement from Commi s s ioner Logan and one
from Commi s s ioner Hinckley , further exp laining the pr opo sed bond i s sue b il l .
S ena tor B erry announced his suppor t o f Sen . Becke t t ' s mo t ion , and exp lained
that more in forma tion wa$ now ava i l ab l e on the b i l l t han had been pre sen ted to
t he Appropr iati9ns Commi t tee at the January 10th hearing .
Berry a l s o pointed
ou t how mu�h .money h ad been appropriated by the 102nd and 103rd Leg i s latur e s
f o r t h e Ind ian s o f Maine , and s aid : " The people o f t h e S t a t e o f Maine ar e concern
ed abou t the Ind ian prob lem and , if money can so lve i t , we cer tainly ar e trying
to s o lve i t .
I per sona l ly think that money wi l l not go a l l the way . "
Senator B erry a l s o expr e s sed cons iderab le concern over the f i scal manage
men t of the Dept . of Indian Affairs and cal led for appr�priate action to see
that Commi s s ioner Hinckley d id no t "run rampant over a l locat ions made by the
Leg i s l a tur e . "
Senator Becke t t ' s mo tion ( to sub s t i tu te the b i l l for the report o f the
Appropr i a t ions Commi t te e ) was furt her suppor ted by Senator Frank w . Ander son
(R- Hancock ) , Senator J . Ho l li s Wyman (R-Washington) , Sena tor 'nleodore s . Cur t i s
(R- Penob s co t ) , and Senator Pet er J . Far ley (D-York) , a l l o f whom spoke i n favor
of the mo t ion .
Whereupon , by a unanimous vo t e of 29-0 , the Senate vo ted t o
sub s t i t u t e the b i l l f o r the repor t .
Thi s decis ion o f the S enat e , d i sagre e ing wi th the Hou se ' s e ar li er accep tance
the b i l l had to be
of the negat ive Appropr ia tions Commi t te e repor t , me ·ant·
r e turne d to the Hous e .
Rep . Wal t er A . Birt
The b i l l was t aken up by t he Hous e on January 2 3rd .
(R-E . Mi l linocke t ) , a member o f the Appropr iat ion s Commi t te e , moved that the
Hous e "recede and concur with the Senate" - in o ther word s , r eve r s e i t s ear l ier
Rep . Harrison Ri chard
a c t ion and agree w i t h the Senate ' s acc eptance of t he b i l l .
son (R-Cumberland) , Maj or ity F loor Leader , a sked for unanimous House approval o f
Rep . Birt ' s mo t ion , as d i d Rep . Emi l ien A . Leve s que (D-Madawa ska ) , Minor ity F loor
Repr e sentatives S tarb ird and Car swe l l a l so spoke in favor of Rep . B ir t ' s
Leader .
mot ion ; a vo t e was taken , and the mo t ion was adopted by a vote of 1 2 2- 7 .
Final readings and pas sage o ccurre d shor t ly there a f ter , and o n January 26th
The fu ture of t he
t he bond i s sue bi l l was s igned in to l aw by Governor Cur t i s .
bond . i s sue , and t he fund s it wou ld provid e , now res t s with a l l the voters o f
the S ta t e o f Main e , who wi l l have a chance to regi s t er their opinion at the
s tate -wide e le c t ion on June 1 7 , 1968 .
·
PENOB S COT TRIBAL EDUCATION COMMITTEE NAMED
At a Penobscot Tr ibal Coun c i l mee t ing he ld on January 18th� Governor John
Mi t c he l l appo in ted a 3-member Tr ibal Educat ion Commi t te e , con s is t ing of S i s ter
Mary Norma , Chairman ; Vio l e t Shay and Tere s a Sappier
•
.Y
.
.. .
H
* � *
-
e,
FLASH - Ex-Penob scot VISTA , Harold ii sk:ip 11 · Farkas, now VISTA Leader for Main
J . Cour ser, daughter o f Mr . and Mrs . J am e s Courser
i s engaged t o marry Mi ss Susan
Su s an i s a s enior at Colby Colleg e , in Waterville . - FLASH
of Springvale .
�(19)
F IR S T ALL-DID IAH S COUT TROOP TO B E IPDUCTED
PR UTCE TOl'T - The f ir s t a l l - Ind ian Boy Scout troop on a Pas s am:: nuo ddy
Ind i an Re s erva t i o n w i l l be forma l ly indu c t e d into the N a t i onal
oy S c ou t o r g an
i z a t io n on F eb ruar y 1 3 a t
t he Pr inc e t on High S c ho o l gymna s ium .
The announ ceme n t wa s made Tu e s d ay t hrough S c outma s t er G i lb er t H e l l s of
Woo d l an d .
He l l s s a id he ex pec t ed tha t the char t e r wi l l b e pre s e n t e d b y an
o f f ic ia l r e pr e s en t a t ive o f t he Katahd in Are a Coun c i l t o the n ew coun c i l troop
numb er 148 , w h i c h wi l l b e o f f i c ia l ly r e c ogn i zed a s " Pa s s ama quoddy Ind ian R e s e r
v a t i o n Un i t Numb er l. " • • •
' ;Governor Kenn e th M .
Cur t i s and Commi s s ioner o f Ind ian A f f a ir s Edward
Hin c k l ey are b o t h very much e n t hu s e d about the forma t ion of this f ir s t a l l
Ind i an s cou t un i t , and w e are expe c t ing a per sona l me s s age from the gove rnor
dur ing the o f f i c ia l indu c t ion , " ·Je l l s s aid • • • •
The s c ou tma s t er exp l ained that t he un i t wi l l be made up o f s even c har t e r
memb e r s w i t h the ir age s r ang ing from 1 1 to 1 6 .
" B y the e n d o f t h e year , we
exp e c t to have 1 5 s c ou t s from the (Ind ian Town ship Re s erva t io n ) to make up
Un i t 1 , 1 1 He l l s exp l a ine d .
Thi s wi l l be known as the 1 9 6 7 pro j e c t , s in c e i t
was b e gun l a s t f a l l w i t h We l l s me e t ing with the Ind i an peop l e a t Pe ter Dana
Po i n t and with the par i s h pri e s t .
The 1 9 6 8 pr o j e c t wi l l g e t und er way l a t e next fa l l at
the
Pleasan t Poi n t
R e s ervat i on w i th t h e f o rma t ion o f • : Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ian R e s erva t ion Un i t Number
W i t h both
2."
t he ir own power
Town ,
in
the Pr i n c e t o n and Perry r e s erva t ion un i t s
.•J e l l s exp e c t s
fun c t io n ing und er
Ind ian I s land ,
to b e g i n a t hird un i t at
in Old
the fa l l of 1 9 6 9 .
·Je l l s , uho b e c ame a Boy S cout in Eng l and in 1 9 2 6 ;
and was
a Cub Scout
has been pioneer ing in s e t t ing up s cou t t r o o p s and condu c t ing
b e fore t ha t ,
s c ou t ing pro j e c t s over a 30 -year period •
•
� S ince b e ing i n Washing t on Coun ty
for l i t t le more than a year , �e l l s has a c qu ired a $ 1 5 0 donat ion from the Long
I s l and ,
ate
�. Y . ,
Kiwan i s
Club and $ 2 5 0 from a New Haven ,
Conn . , bu s ine s s as s o c i
( to he l p suppor t t he Ind ian s c ou t organ i z a t ion s ) .
(From the B angor D a i ly News ,
2/ 1 /68)
HI JCKLEY ORDERED TO TREAD LINE ON MONEY
AUGUS TA
iDDlled i a t e
- The dire c tor o f Ind ian Affairs was t o ld Fr iday to t ake
to ke e p d e p ar tme n t a l spending wi thin the le g i s l ature ' s appro pr i
l e g i s l a t ive s p e c i a l se s s ion covered a n $ 1 8 , 000 d e f i c i t the de par t
(AP)
s t ep s
a t ion .
The
But l awmaker s r e fu s ed
men t had incurr ed i n the f i r s t ha l f o f the f i s c a l year .
to appropr i a t e the ad d i t ional $ 30 , 000 thi s ye ar and $48 , 000 next ye ar t he d e
par tmen t s a id was n e c e s s ary .
Edward C . Hi n c k l e y t o ld the l eg i s la tor s and s t a t e o f f i c i a l s he wou ld cut
spend in g t o avo id a fur ther d e f i c i t bu t that i t wou ld mean a redu c t ion i n what
he con s ider s min imum programs .
" I p lan to l e t t he Ind i an s d e c id e where the c u t s sha l l be made ; the y ' re
the one s who ar e g o ing
to be hur t , 1 1 Hinckley s aid .
c a l l ed by Sen . Ri chard N . B erry , R - Cape E l i zabe t h ,
l eg i s lat ive appropr i a t i on s commi t t e e , who expr e s s ed concern
abou t over - s p end ing .
B erry s aid he wa s surpr i s e d t ha t no t on ly the d epar tme n t
head but a l s o t he g overnor and exe c u t ive coun c i l and the finance coDDll i s s ioner
The in forma l s e s s i on was
cha irman o f
the
and bud g e t o f f i cer c ou ld be unaware a de f i c i t .was be ing c r e a t e d .
F i nance Commi s s ioner Maur i c e F . Wi l l iams s aid Maine ' s a c coun t ing s y s t em
W i l l i ams
is ade qu a t e ' no t o n ly to r e cord • • • b u t to contro l s t a te expend i ture s . "
t o ld Ber ry and o th e r s at t he s e s s ion t ha t " t he t hing we can ' t con t r o l i s human
11
weakne s s - peo p l e who d e l ib er a t e ly c ircumven t our con�ro l s .
Hinckley d e n i e d tha t he was de l ib er a t e ly c ir cumvent ing c on tro l s or law .
( Cont inued on Page
20)
�( 20 )
(Cont inued from Page 1 9 )
H e s a�d that when Ind ian a f f a i r s wer e hand led by t h e He a l th a n We �fare Depar t
� � t , s u c h over - spend ing w a s covered b y tran s fers wi thin that d epar tment ' s
appropr ia t ion s .
Hinckley t o ld the me e t ing the d epar tmen t is as s i s t ing 60 Penob s co t and
1 1 0 Pa s s ama quoddy ( c as e s ) with we l fare needs .
(From the Bangor Da i ly News , 2 / 3-4/ 68 )
OEO GRANT APPROVED F OR INDIANS
PERRY - Ar chie La Coo te , ( Fa s s attaquoddy Ind ian Communi ty Ac tion Program
d ir e c tor ) repor ted t hat he has rec e ived no t i f i ca t ion of approva l of an Off ice
of E conomic Oppor tun ity grant in the amoun t of $ 9 6, 7 1 3 . 00 , which g ives the "Go"
s i gn for d eve l opment o f the C . A . P . program a lready submi t ted to and approved
by the OEO o ff i ce in New York , for the improvement of the Indian commun i t ie s .
A t the regu l ar mon thly mee t ing o f the Pas s ama quoddy Commun ity Act ion
Program board of d irec tor s at Pleasan t Poin t , Sunday aft ernoon , it was announced
that Linwood Sapie l , cha irman of the board , had r e s igned in ord er to take over
du t ie s as C . A . P . hou s ing coord inator for the group .
Gov . John S t evens w i l l
r ep lace S ap i e l as C . A . P . chairman .
LaCoote a l so repor te d that John Ni cho las of Pleasant Point and Morr i s
Brooks o f Princ e t on wi l l b e sent t o a spe c ial s choo l for a s s i s tant C . A . P . d ix ec
Clas s e s are schedu led to begin February 19 .
tor s a t a co l lege in Mad i s on , W i s c .
They were
Two new member s wer e we lcomed to the C . A � P . board Sunday .
Mrs . Pot t le
Mr s . Barb ar a Kend a l l and Mr s . Virginia Po t t le , bo t h of Perry .
Others a t tend ing the board mee t ing
was a s s igned to t he pub l i c i ty commi t tee .
wer e Ri ta A l t avat er , C . A . P . board s e cre tary ; Sandra Pot t le of Perry and George
S tevens of Prince ton .
(From the B angor Dai ly News , 1 / 2 3 / 68 )
FROM HERE A ND THERE
" Paul E . I Parks , De an of S tud ent s , Eas tern Maine Vocat iona l - Te chn ical
In s t i tu te , announced F r iday the f o l l owing s tuden t s had b e en named t o the Dean ' s
list
Au tomot ive Te chno logy : Owen Lo lar - 3 . 4 7 aver age ; Elec tronic s : Jeffrey
Both members o f the
(Bangor Dai ly New s , 2/ 3-4 /68 .
Gos l ine - 3 . 35 average . "
Penob s c o t Tr ib e , and both Freshmen , Owen i s t he son of Mr . and Mrs . Henry Lo lar ;
Je ffrey is the son of Mr . and Mr s . Erne s t Go s l in . - Ed . )
•
•
•
•
Mr s . LaDonna Harr i s (Comanche ) , wife o f U . S . Senator Fred R . Harr i s of
Oklahoma , has been named chairman of the recent ly organ i zed Women ' s Advisory
20 prominen t women serve on the commi t tee , whi ch wa s
Coun c i l on Poverty .
Mrs . Harr i s founded
formed at the inv i t a t ion o f OEO Direc tor Sargen t Shr iver .
(See Page 1 2 , Apri l 1967 i s sue . -Ed . )
Okl ahomans for Ind ian Oppor tun i ty in 1 9 65 .
·
Mi s s Crys t a l A . Sha f fer , f i f th-grade s tudent on t he Penob s co t Re servat ion ,
r e cent ly won a red r ibbon in the s t a te -wide App le Ar t Con t e s t of the S ta te
Daugh ter of Mr s . Roxanne Shaffer , Cry s t a l is a s tu
Depar tme n t o f Agr icu l t ure .
On ly 80 pr i z e s were awarded among some 2 , 000 entr ies .
dent of S i s t er Mary Norma .
The Pas s amaquoddy Indians o f Pleasan t Point wi l l par t icipate , on Augus t 1 1 ,
i n a week- long c e l ebrat ion o f the 1 50th birthd ay o f t he Town o f Perry , which be
gins on Augu s t 4 th .
Th e new ly-formed Ind ependent Po s ta l Sy s tem o f America (Ok lahoma City) ,
which on February 1 s t began �ha l lenging the U . S . Po s t Office Departmen t in the
d e l ivery o f 3rd c la s s mai l , wi l l hire a subs tanial number of Ok lahoma Ind ians
for i t s p l anned nat ion-wide de l ivery sys tem.
�- 21 *
- -
•'"
-
c
PLEAS ANT POIN T NEvi 3
Mb.RY YAR11AL ,
Re p o r t e r
C ongra t s t o S t an i s laus & B e t t y C raig Bai le y . We d J a n 19, 1968 .
Re c e n t ly G ov. J o s e ph Mi t c he ll v i s i t e d his daugh t e r hr s . Lar i on
G r e e n and fami l y in New Je r s e y.
B e lat e d S ympa thy t o f r i e nds and re la t i v e s o f Noe l S o c o b y, de c e as e d .
January 2 , 1968 .
D r . B i l l da lke r and B ob Hadd e n w e r e v i s i t ors last mon t h ; we init ia t e �
t hem t o a ska t i n g par t y.
On Januar y 15 , 1968 I s t at t e d as a C omwun,kk7 Ai de un d e r epe r qt i on
ain S t r e am , Pe n ob s c o t C oun ty C . A . P .
·- · )
-oT ICE
OT ICE
N OT ICE
NOT ICE
CENSUS is b e ing t aken a t Ple asant Poin t .
Any o f f - r e s e rvat i on
Ind ians wishing family memb e rs t o be add e d t o t he C e nsus ,
Please
send n ame s and �ge s t o :
Mrs . Nar y S o c oby Yarl.Jal, J3 ox 239, Pe r r y , Mai ne .
Thank y o u.
x
x
x
x
1- ORE NE�IS
Elizab e th
S t an l e y a ls o s e n t word on N oe l S o ckoby ' s d ea t h , adding
he was f 2MPd1 d e ad at his h owe a t Ple asan t Poin t , and that t h e flie d i c a l
Examine r 7 E e d i e d o f a heart at ta c k .
An t h ony R e x T h omas , f r om t h e V IS TA , w i l l b e t e a c hing at Pleasant
on H i gh S c h o o l F:qu iva le n c y t e s t s f o r t h is c oL1ing Apr i l .
Anyb ody
h o !'li s h e s t o t · c e par t in this Pr ogram may d o s o i n ord e r t o ge t
h is or h e r dipl oaa , C las s e s f i ll be h e ld at the t r ib a l hal l e v e r y
Tue sday - Thursday n i gh t s a t 7 P . M . f o r t h o s e w h o a r e liv i n g at Ple asan t
Po int .
A CH A N CE TO HELP
P o in t
An yb ody w is h ing t o d onate or he lp t h e Pas s amaq u o d r y Ind ian c h ildre n
on gam e s are urge d t o d o s o . Game s are nee de d f or use during t h e w in t e r
on ths and dur i n g t he s umme r .
An y o f the f o ll owing lis t of game s ma y b� sent :
Ping Pong , B ad miin t o n·
gaoe , D ar t game , C he cke rs , Jvionop o ly, S cralhle , Nouse T rap game ,
Pac he s i , and e qu ip� e n t f or S e cke r game .
The s e game s may b e s e n t t o E lizab e t h M . S t an le y
C ommun i t y c t i on A i d e ,
Pleasant Poin t ,
Pe rry, r ·aine 04667
_ -
x
x
x
x
We d ne s day, January 24t h t h e G ov e r n o r ' s C o un c il c on f i rme d s e v e ra l
Among \
o f G ov. C ur t is ' s n ominat i on s t o fill o f f i c e r s ar ound t h e s t a t e .
t he s e . was He l e n G o s lin o f Old T ovm ,Re.g i s t r a t ior l C ow 1is s i on e r o f I n d ian
Is land.
x
x
x
x
�- 22 ( T he f o l l owing in f orma t i on w s r e c e iv e d in N ov e wb e r , b ut a f t e r
the
Nov e mb e r i s s ue was pr int e d and r e ady f or dis t r i b u t i on .
S in c e D e c .
w a s t o o l c;. t e t o b e ne f i t anyone and s i n c e t he D e c e u1b e r is s u e w2.s s o
l o n g , I de c id e d i t was b e s t t o wait un t i l t h i s m on t h . -E d)
D e ar Mr s . T homps on :
As a s t ud e n t of t he Ins t i t u t e o f Ame ri can Indian Ar t s in S an t a Fe ,
I t hi nk i t ' s o n l y r igh t t o s e e t hat Pas sanaquo ddy Indian s are repre s e n t e d
in t he l i s t ings o f In d ian C h r i s t mas c ar ds .
I ap�ar e n t ly n e gle c t e d t o
i n f orm t h e M . I . N . L . las t ye ar when I d e s i gn e d a n Indi&n C h r i s t mas card
f e a t ur i ng aut h e n t i c Indian pe t r o Glypths .
Many of t h e 0e cards we re
s e n t to all pa r t s o f t h e c o untry and plainly s t a t e on the reverse side
t ha t t he y CTe r e d e s i gne d b y a Pas s amaquoddy In di an . The s e c ards w i l l be
a gain avai lab l e as s o on as I hav e t i �e to print t he m .
It may i n t e r e s t memb e r s o f t he t r ib e that a 1 1 Pas sai.ia q u od d y 1 1 is t h e
e le c t e d Pre s id e nt o f t , e s t ud e n t S e na t e a t t he Ins t i t u t e o f Ame r i c an
I
Ind ian Ar t s whi c h r e gu lat e o v e r ' 3 000. 00 o f s c h o o l a c t iv i t y funds .
a l s o o q.'.an i z e d a band w h i c h is s u c c e s s fu lly playin g at vari ous Pue b l o
v i l l a ge s n e ar S an t a F e .
S o t he Pas s awaquoddy t r ib e i s n ' t t o t a lly un - r e �re se n t e d .
T h o s e w h o w i s h a s ample -pr o o f o f the C h r i s tmas cards may wr i t e
t o me h e r e a t t he In s t i t u t e .
My t hanks go t o t h e
aine Indian N e w s l e t t t) r whi c h h&s un fai l ingly
s e n t c opie s t h i s pas t ye ar .
S in c e r e ly ,
R o ge r J . Gab r i e l ( Passamaquod dy)
Ins t . Ame r . Indian �r t s
C e r r i l l o s R oad
S an t a Fe , New Mexi c o 87501
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
ADDIT ION TO BAPT I S T CHURCH
N or d has b e e n r e c e iv e d that an add it ion has b e e n· c omple t e d on the Bap t i s t
C hur c h on Indian Is land .
The Pa s t or o f t he c hur c h i� Rev . Fre d Ludwig .
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
T h e Nav a j o
Th e Nava j o Indian s hav e r e c e iv e d h e lp o f vari ous kinds dur ing and s i n c f
t h e r e c e n t b li z zard whi c h s w e p t o v e r t h e Re s e r va t i on . B u t t h e y c o u l d
s t i l l u s e more h e lp .
I und e r s t and g o o d c l o t hing is one t h ing t h e y
c ou l d u s e .
A n y o f o u r r e ad e r s w h o w ou ld like t o h e lp out an o t h e r
Ga llup C o1Ill11u ni t y In dian C e n t e r
Ind i a n T r i b e m a y s e nd t h ings t o e i t h e r :
a nd/or t h e C a t h o l i c Ind ian C e n t e r, b o th a t Ga llup, N e w Me xi c o . 87104.
X
X
X
·X
X
X
X
La s ·t mon t h t h e New s le t t e r s t a t e d t h e int e nt ion t h is m on t h o f
w r i t in g a n ar t i c l e r e ga rd i n g t h e Pas sa maquoddy Indians a s v ie w e d from
'
s l i d e s s h own in a N e w York C i t y C h u r c h , f r om i n f orma t i on sent to t he
N e ws le t t e r b y Jvir . G e orge La Po r t e .
mht t his ar t i c le as we l l as the
i n t e nd e d a r t i c le on t h e Pine Tree Lega l As s i s t a n c e mus t b e he ld o f f
u n t i l n e xt m on t h.
S 9r r y .
D o n ' t f or g e t t o s e nd in your n e w s
a n d a r t i c le s .
�Pir.·-. : t··e t
���0 £ �R PTI C:J POJ .i:;y
,
'1�
_
-·
•
04 03 2
.. .
.
EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 1968
0 .!}:::-:., {\
fN
Indian
Non- Indian (Regular )
"
(Contr ibu ing )
11
( Suppor t ing)
( Li fe t ime )
- FREE
$ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
-$ 10 . 00/year
-$50 . 00
•
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and send in the sub
scr ipt ion s lip (be low) WITH the appro
pr iate amoun t .
Your subB cr iption
w i l l begin wi t h the nex t avai lab le
i s sue af t er your subs cr ipt ion is
received .
The addr e s s lab e l s indicate the s ta tu s
" I-F" means
o f your sub s cr ipt ion .
" Indian-Free . "
The abbreviation of a
mont h (JAN) is the t ime - next year your subscrip t ion fee wi l l again be
due .
� w i l l BQ! ge t � individual
expirat ion no t ice , � be �!
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - -
I would l ike to r e ce ive regular monthly i s sue s o f the Maine Indian New s let ter :
NON-I ND IAN
DATE
__
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Jan. 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
Date
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1968-01
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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Document
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pdf
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DV-464
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/2f018a61f09b320381da4bafbd1928a2.pdf
aa59be112082ea22d536e864dd6158e6
PDF Text
Text
7
E
DECEMBER 1967
TO CONTINUE YOUR SUBSCRIPTION TO THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER WITHOUT MISSING A
SINGLE INFORMATION-PACKED ISSUE!
If you are
.
• • • • •
ari INDIAN, living ON A RESERVATION IN MAINE, NOW receiving the Newsletter DO NOTHING!
(You are known to be an ... Indian and will continue to receive the Newsletter free
of-charge.)
• • •
* * * * * * * * * *
• • •
an INDIAN, NOT living on a Reservation in Maine," NOW receiving the Newsletter SEND IN TIIE SUBSCRIPTION SLIP ON THE LAST PAGE AND IDENTIFY YOURSELF AS AN INDIAN!
(You will then continue to receive: the l!ewsletter free-of-charge.)
++++++++++++
• • •
a NON-INDIAN, REGARDLESS of where you live,-NOW receiving the Newsletter SEND IN YOUR SUBSCRIPTION FEE, BASED ON THE FOLLOWING SCHEDULE, TOGETHER WITH THE
.
SUBSCRIPTION SLIP ON THE LAST PAGE!
(Subscription Schedule: Regular - $2.00/year; Contributing - $5.00/year; Support
ing - $10.00/year; Lifetime - $50.00.
You will then continue to receive the
Newsletter each month.)
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
If you are not now receiving the Newsletter, but would like Maine's only state
wide Indian-ne:wsletter mailed to you each month, fill out the subscription slip
on the last page, in accordance with the above instructions, and mail it NOW to:
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Pine Street
Freeport, Maine 04032
NOrE:
Please make sure to include your ZIP Code with your address when mailing
in a subscription.
We must use the ZIP Codes in order to qualify fo� our bulk
mailing permit
•
.
Since August, 1966, the Newsletter has been distributed free-of-charge
to all interested persons, financially supported by a few generous pe·: :
both
within and outside of Maine.
Now the Newsletter hopes to become self-supporting
through subscriptions from non-Indians, so that Indians may continue to receive
each issue .free-of-charge.
All the labor of typing, mimeographing, assembling
and addressing will continue to be donated by intet'ested volunteers. - Editor
�t>
(2)
RESERVATION NEWSPAPER STARTED
·::J
I.
�-=-==I
(_ <:
PTI.INCETON - The Wigwam Weekly is the newspaper of the Indian Township
Passamaquoddy Reservation, Princeton, Maine.
Its objective is to aid this
Indian community's development' through better communication.
The staff of
the Wigwam Weekly consists of Indians and the two Indian Township VISTA (Volun
teers in Seryice to America) Volunteers,
Future issues of the Ueekly will keep track of the Reservation's latest
news events, give editorial space for Indians and interested non-Indians to
voice their opinions, feature Indian stories, list job opportunities, give
Tribal reports, display Indian art work, and sponsor an eJcchange column with
the Pleasan t Point Passamaquoddy �eservation, Perry, Maine.
In order to cover printing and mailing expenses, ·wigwam Weekly readers
living of£ the Reservation are being asked to buy a subscription to the news
paper.
All Indian families on the Reservation receive free copies th�t are
distributed by the Indian Community Action Program.
Therefore, if you are interested in receiving the �iJigwam Jeekly each
week and keeping up with the latest news from this Passamaquoddy Indian Reserva
tion, please send your name and address (remember the ZIP Code) and subscription
.
fee as follows:
v!IGWAM HEEKLY
One (1) month
Three ( 3 ) months - 12 issues
Box 212
4 Issues
35 ¢
$1.00
Princeton, Maine 04668
-
The 3rd issue of the Weekly, dated December 19th, carried stories on
"NAACP Seeking More Voice for Indians in State ;Legislature;" a Community Action
Program report by CAP Aide Morris Brooks; advertisements for Reservation dress
making and baking; announcements of Christmas movies, a cotmnunity and a children's
party; a "Spotlight" feature on George Wiseman, freshman at St. Francis College
in Biddeford; and a report on the newly-formed Indian Township Passamaquoddy
Boy Scout Troop.
TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY
- James Schoenthaler, former assistant coordinator for the State's Office
of Economic Opportunity (OEO) and State Manpower Coordinator, under OEO, was
sworn in on December 27th as Chairman (and Commissioner) of the Maine Employment
Security Commission.
A frequent visitor to the 3 Reservations in connection
with the Tribes' OEO and VISTA programs; as a member of Governor Curtis' Indian
Community Assistance Committee; and most recently with Mr. Orval Packard, Indian
Advisor to the U. s. Dept. of Labor in Washington; Mr. Schoenthaler will be able
to be of continuing service to the Indians of Maine in his new capacity.
- Mr. George Stevens, Sr., father of .Indian Township Governor John
Stevens, was one of those interviewed by Portland Press Herald writer William
The November 19th Sunday
Langley in a recent "man on the street;1 series.
Telegram quoted Mr. Stevens, a World War I veteran, as believing the U.S. is
right to be in Vietnam.
"If we give our word to someone, we should keep it,"
he said.
"And I think our government is concerned about Communist expansion."
- On Decembe� 27th, Governor Curtis and the Executive Council approved a
loan of $5,000 from the state's Construction Reserve Fund to the Dept. of Indian
Affairs to pay for preliminary engineering and design work for water and sewer
age facilities at Pleasant Point and Indian Township.
This preliminary work
will make up a major portion of the Reservation Housing Authorities' application
for funds from· the Economic Development Administration.
Once the sewage and
water projects are funded, the design cost will be repaid from combined state
and federal funds for which the Authorities are applying.
�- 3 Detroit i ·an,
anslaughter.
continued from IJage
12)
�
The judge said th
he was sorry for Tompkins as for
anyo e he had e er sent:rnced.
Judge J.r ch i b a lJ c::.�1:-.-�.rently
we.s J.111pressed �11.th Tor.i11kins' art talent
and a.sk"d him how he
had acquired his talent .
ToL1rokins se.id he h�d ricked it up on his own but
that
he read books on
ichel3n�elo and �ewurandt.
.
At a preliminary hearing in di s tr ict court at Presque
Isle Oct. 10, testimony di ··closed that Ann 'lOiilpl:ins 1rns beaten
�
�
to death after a vani lla - d rinkin� \bout Oct.
2 in B lai ne.
EDITORIALS
EDITOR
•
•
•
•
EUGENIA
(THOM.Jill) THOMFSON
(Penobscot)
The Maine Indian Newsletter is Maine's only state-wide
Indian ne�sletter,
and including this issue has been free of
(Besure and read this month's cover page to ensure
your receiving the January issue.)
charge.
News and stories may be subaitted to the Newsletter for
publication at the following address:
Pine Street
Freeport,
04032
865-4253)
haine,
(Telephone:
Letters to the Editor are welcoi.1e but JJtust conform to the
They must bear the writer's
rules required by every newspaper.
correct na�e and address although pen nafues are permitted at
the discretion of the Editor.
though names will be
11
lett�rs uust be
Preference will be given to letters not over
length.
signed
1ith held from publication on request.
350
.rnrds in
Letters are subject to condeasation or editing when
space limitations require �nd to correction of gra.lilil1er or
obvious errors.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
At a recent meeting with a State Senator the subject of
The comri1ent was u1ade that "that
the Princeton Strip arose.
Most anyone
was no place for anyone to be living anyway."
seeing the Strip for the fiBst time would probably agree9
reservation land which allows
However there is nearby
alittle more s.:ace between the highway and the .lake which
would make a beautiful place to put up homes, if the Indians
of their land.
could be allowed to use alitt1e
Slums are presently being torn down in Fortland and no
one has su��ested that these people move to sowe other part of
the state because they will find living conditions better there;
likewise,
move away
I see no reason �hy Princeton Strip Indians should
from the area they choose to ••1ake their ho.file in.
Complete assimilation would solve one problem, but' isn't
just alittle too much of these people, when so ·aany
of us take it for granted that we can live were � please?
this asking
�- 4 LETT RS
Dear Editor:
I would like to receive the Maine I nd��n Ne isle tt.r, �nd
·
would you send one to Mr. Joseph H. Nicholas, • • •
and S. F. C. F ranci s J. Nic h ol as, • • • who h as 4 1Jore 1.1onths in
Vi etn am .
•
• ·
•
:le just carie back froltl r·i a i ne. ! y brother,
Jo s e ph L • .B assett passed away Nov.
de all went
to
25th, 1967.
th e fu neral.
Yours tr uly,
Mo r g aret
Nichol as
�.
Sp rin g Lake,
of
x
x
x
x
Dear �.trs.
x
x
N.C.
x
Thompson;
lvir. E dw a rd Hinkley spoke here last ni ;:. ht on ti1e sub ject
i"!aine Ind ian s .
He le ft with us a c o y y of y o ur "Haine Indian
1
News
and t old
Letter"
all the
I
of y ou r hope of
Indi a ns by �eans
e ncl o se
a
of
f or
check
for
Jill you send it
te n do llars.
regularly to ce at the above addres s,
li ke a subscription
cleliv"ring it free to
:2p0 subscriftions.
o ur
I 'd
lle_se?
�lso
Southwest Harbor Library �here
it will be put in a conspicuous p lace to catch any intarested
eye. _
The r e filaining six d o llars can help on your e x�e nse s any
There is a
way you cho o se .
His last
was a no v el out
one
and
Roni vulture
Or
you mig_t want to
�riter th· t
do you know Frank ·
send a copy to someti�e;
r e ligi on.
you could write hiG in
a ter � '
b o oks?
before that he did one on the
I believes he lives in Tao·s,
care of Sage Bo oks,
Denvur,
N.l'l.
ColoraJo.
I l ook forward to re ading y o u r N ew slett � r .
yours,
Very truly
bary Coates
Southwest Harbor,
x
Dear Mrs.
x
x
x
x
x
x
Thom1)son:
°'
My husband
has
been away from the
reservation -'Jany
years a11d so he certainly enjoys receiving
�e try
kn o w
some
haine
to
your Newsletter.
g e t back there about every five ye�rs,
of the
so
I
pe o�le you srite aboutalso.
Thank you for the Newsletter.
l"!r.
x
Dear E dito r ,
x
x
x
x
x
Banks
Cal.
.
I received the Maine Indian l1 1ews let. tJ r,
Some
time
Viz.
the issues Na y and
ago
x
Ja ues B.
& Mrs.
Torrance,
June ,
but
Please keep s endi n g the Ne wsl e tte r.
I f yo u charge suoscription,
please tell l
I'd like to see
a bett e r
as requested.
I 'm afraid not thereafter.
future for all
In d i an s ;
You are
on the move !
Yours s incer ely,
Dick Gevers,
R otterd am,
(Continue d on ;-;age 5)
,
The Netherlands.
�(Iii:TT�P..S,
-
C .i!.di tor's note:
be forwarded to
-
The issues which you
did
not re ceiir e
T hank you for notifying Lte.)
you.
X
Dear
- 5
C on t ' d from ;�ap;e 4)
X
.A
X
X
X
,-Jill
X
irs. Thompson:
,.1,.roup li"le \;ere r· r i vile g ed to
Edw�rd Hinckley speak on I ndian rff�irs in l�ine.
At a recent rueeting of our
tear kr.
a co9y of your Maine
Indian Ne�slett2r,
we find most interesting.
Je hope this sra�ll contrioution will help to covar some
your publishing costs�
he left with us
which
of
Sincerely yours,
11ild1�et.:.
Uo
L.
Calllf'
;c
11
�n's Fellowshi�
�t ari an - Univers�li-t Church
Ne.shua , New Haw.!_:shire.
Un
X
X
A
X.
X
X
X
Dear Hrs. Thom¥son:
For sobeti;.1e now I hav e been enj .Jyin� t.ie 1-�;: ine Indi..::.n
Newsletter and ha ve wanted to congratulate on �·our fi e job.
;nclosed is a check for a su bscription for the c o1.!.lin g yec...r.
�bout 1950 I began to cl1::1 a:;d kee::. all ntMspap �r Erticles
that I cou l d find concerninr raine Indi�ns.
�ven after I
left I�aine � . oi"1 e friends con t in u e d to send me c-.rticles so I
was able to keep abreast of events concerning the haine Indian.
h01.:-1ever, durin the J:ast few years I ave not be e11 a.0le to
kee� as close contact with uy �any
�ine friends as I
' ould
I Delieve
like, and I n ave not been gettillg all ne MS ite: is-.
tLat these clippings l'ill be of historical iui.._ ortc:l.nce for
anyone .JiD ;in._\ to do research on 1 aine Indiaris !hn future years.
I h a v e included obituaries for their value in • e1eolo�y.
I
1ould appreciate it if you or pe�haps any re-der�
tal:e the ti e to send
I also have in
·ould
clipr:inr;s to we.
y :f ile s .-1hat I believe to )e co,,t:.}lete
--<mo ..>cots and ::-:neland, the Color: y of
,
In 1954 er 5 the State
L.assachusetts and the St&te o
I - ine.
of l"-1aine offered to p u b l i s h the..i if I vJOuld '.ive t·1eill to t.he
State.
I felt that I l 1 ad IJUt in a good Je.:11 o· ti .. e and �1oney
to give
in tracing the� doth, copying them, etc, �nd refuse
theiJ to the State.
Howev�r, I hav e always said thc.t I ·,:o-uld
make these documents av�ilable to the Indians any ti�e they
hy fil s incltde t he
thou ... ht that they might need. them.
fir,,t land deed bet w een iiaine Indi . n ..:nd nonindian settler
and so e c curt ca"' ..;s J eal i n P.; .-fi l Ii i·-aine Inc� i· .ns.
treaties
1ade bet.teen
•.
I have enclosed an article iro • ..1 the
/at-..rto\/n _t'L1e ..,
that
i.:7q:';e 11. -Ed.)
One of your i ssues contained an article about the Indian
tribal governors making a visit to an Iro1hois reserve.
At
the Kinzua Dam project where the new homes 1ere constructe<J.,
an article recently published by New York state says tha t
.
the Indians who ·10ved into the new h o u s e s .bad nevQr been as
sick as they were t at winter- colds and sore throats due
to the dry condition of the hot air he2tiug an d g e n er al l y
air tight construction.
Did you kno·.� that TJen Fran klin offered t�1e Iroquois to
I thou,�ht would interest you.
(Continued on page
6)
(See article on
·
�- 6 (LETTERS Cont'd from page 5)
take some of their young men and train them in
the white
schoo s?
I don't recall the exact wordina but the reply
�as
to this effect:
We will take an equal number of y.our boys
.
and train them to be MEN.
Needless to say this ea�±y attempt
at exchange students fell through.
Before I close I would like to leave you \:ith one idea
for thought.
For a nucber of years now I have been trying
to think of ways -for Indians and nonindic.ns to be. ,in to
underst�nd one another better.
It 1asn't too dany years ago
that a friend of .::iine who lived in •"'J lforcl uut was broadi.ninded
enough to allow his children to play with Indian clildren
had a couple youngsters in the house one d&y.
The visiting
neighbor from across the river pointed to·.-.1a:cd liis ho e and
saiLl, nFeo:;ile live here, Indians live thcrc.11 This little
· enobscot about 6 already felt that there w�s L decide
difference
between the peo:ole on the Penob ;cot �eserve nnu tl10.se on the
otherside of the ··.ra t�r.
The first Thanksgiving y.fas a ti.w.e when Indians and non
Indic::.ns feasted together and the relationahip beb1een the tuo
was good. Several times I have sugg,ste that I thou�ht it
would be nice to have a si1i1ilar type of celeoru.tion.
The
experts here in New York say it won't work.
Are they ri ht?
For alon ti�e I've remei�hered a younrster fro� leter
Dana's Point who never go enough to e�t.
One lay shortly
before ·.rhan'ksgivint, he asked we if I could 0ive hi...:1 a turl ey.
Tiraes were not the best for ille then and I didn't think th�t
I could do it, but it is soLlething that I h�ve always wished
I could have done, not only for him but for all the reserve
Indi&ns in Maine.
Guess I'm just an ideali�tic drcLmcr.
Sincerely yours,
Nicholas S;,1ith
Plattsburch, New York
�
·
..
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
(Editor's note:
The Newsletter receives several lett,rs each month
requesting news clippings and general information regarding
the Indians in Haine and the North East.
Usually ;;_y an•::nfier
is limited to a Newsletter or a fact sheet on iia.ine Indians
and occasi011alJy by a lettt=r.
I would like to do Llore but
it is due to lack of time, and nothing else that any answer
to these letters are so brief.
Yo� see,· I ubtk full time
and my husband and I have t�o young children to whom we devote
all the time we can, in addition to the Newsletter.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Nr. and 11rs. Thompson:
Irr the Bath-�runswick Times-necord of Nov. 14, I read
of the riaine Indian Newslett'=r•
If thei�e is a lot of. reading
about the �aine Indians I would be very much interested in
subscribing.
Could you tell me more about it.
I live in Bath, Haine, • • • but COLfle to Pa. for the
winter with my Daughter who has & home at this address.
Are there any good books published about Old Town and
re:-,ervation?
Sincerely,
Harriet F. Denniso�,
Harrisburg, Pa.
(Cont'd on page 7)
•
�- 7 (Letters,
Continued
-(Editor's note:
Penobscot
subject to
from page
6l
There are several books in print about the
Indians.
Some of their factual infor�ation is
questioning, but generally they are 3ood in th�t
they give the re<:der a general idea of how the i·enobscot
lived in the �ast and how he has adjusted to the encroachment
of tl!e nonindian.
Among other .nlaces these books a.re available
at the Mnine State Library in Aubu..:;ta, Haine and at the I-Laine
Historical Society,
Congress Street, Portland, Maine.
485
Old
John Neptune
Hardy �ck.storm.
Maine
Indians
Research Club,
and
Other Maine
In
History And
Legends,
Frank G. Speck,
Philadelphia (1940).
Indians - Maine,
from
1911
to
C ollections,,
1935
Writers
I ortland,
University of
iiairie
Iennsylvania
found at the Maine Historical Society.
iiaine Historical Society,
Penobscot,
volu1ile upon volume
Fassamaquoddy
.:ind the
Indian tribes that used to live in Maine,
which
were eventually wiped out or driven to Canada.
I could
go on,
but this should suffice until next month.)
x
x
Dear Editor,
The letter from drs.
Enable
(Au�ust-September,
enlightening one.
In
the past
(1952).
a scrapbook Collection of Hews�?al_)er Clip:tJinfs
full of information on the
several other
by Fannie
(1945).
by the Maine
Severn<vylie-Jewett Company,
Penobscot Man,
Press,
Indian Shamans,
The Southworth-Anthoensen Press
x
x
:z
x
x
Sylvia Thomrson regarding :iroject
1967,
issue)
was definitely an
I have some tii'1e s questioned the f eclsioility
of such proe;rams as Project Enable which e.. 1ployed J .rs. -
Thorupson as
"Social
_
ide".
It often seems once the })erson
has been employed and has received tr,ining,
has received
financial and eu1otional benefits from this ei.i:_ loyc1ent,
the project
questioned
ceases to exist by not being re-funded.
tl1e wisd0i11 of such
seem to lift one up just to
B.owever,
as
person,
I read and re-read tJirs.
and,
"an
I can see th�t she has grown
�
to
thut she has become even closer to her children,
perha�ru.ost important of all,
she hc..s realized that
Indian has just as much right in this world as anyone
else.11
This letter brousht home
individual can
fa me,
fersotjally,
that if-one
find the way to a better and more satisfying
life from involvement in such a progr&w
must be others.
The project,
therefore,
a ·tremendously worthwhmle goal,
that
letting him do·m.
·rhornp3on 1 s staternent of
has learned that all kinds of peo�le
listen to her,
tl1 t
1-;rojccts as they so often
ue followed by
her feelings about the probrru�,
as a
I
as
this,
then there
has accom1lished
even if not refunded,
and
is the realization of the basic worth and dignity of
the individual.
Sylvia Thompson, for your lett8r, and
Indian i'iewsletter, for rerrin,t;ing it.
}1ost sincerely,
Thank you r�s.
t.hank you ,
Maine
tMrs;)
Anne
D.
Loth
Freeport,
Haine
�- 8 Re:
Day, .Septe
Indian
Jaine
Helen Caldwell Cushi::1an,
on sev�r&l occasions
Feat ure
Falls,
Mrs.
Jri t er
the
for
f�ine.
who hRs contribut ed
Livermore Falls
The following are
congra tula t es
Mrs.
it
:ms a
sugr· es t ing
deliGht ed
are
t ha t
t ha t
and
t hanks her
grdteful for her
of Maine.
1.__ 11erican Indian Day
fine idea and wrot e
he proclaim such a
w
.... s
21
'!le
erve'"t.
oiJ
noted
de
to Governor i,enne t h Curtis
Jay
in Ca.:'..ne.
he had already taken not ice of
has procla.imed Sept ember
by
The Newsle t t er
iveek while s t udyinis· for t h coming holid2.ys,
in l.llany st at es,
t hour:.>ht
de
Livermore
wri t t en
Indian Day
Caldwell Cushman)
Last
promo tion
us.
Indians
American
n
H ele
t ha t
in the
bdver t iser,
the Advert iser.
to
uc. t c-rit..l
the Editor and
t wo edi t orials
Cushman on her
t he edit orials
cont inuing int erest
2lr.t
t he Newsle t t er is no�
Cushman and a�pe aring in
for sending
�y
to
.ber
We
11ere
and
t he day,
as .Ar1erican Indi&n Day in,..the
S t a t e of Maine.
b
�e hope that our cit izens will mark the d�y by r mehl ering all
Governor Cur t is'
t he American Indians.
we owe
t ha t
and proclar11ation follows:
u, 1967
Sep t eillber
Dear 11rs.
CushL1an:
Thank you very much
which y(1U make reference
Day in
office by the
in Maine,
t hree governors of
was decided
it
Indian Day in
t h� t
inform you
to
pleased
my proclail.lling lu'il8rican
to
this
b cr
21
to my
tribes
as i'·1aine
t•Jis
rrocla
£or your considera tion.
EL
was
honor t heri1 and make
Your int erest
Indian
end a co. y of
Ivtaine,
I agree wit h your coLJnen t s concernin·f
t ha t
in
Indic.n
visit
recent
on a
t he various
_proclaim S e j_) t e u.t
to
t he S t a t e of
rua t ion is enclosaJ
I felt
7
of Sept e ·ber
for your let t ,r
Maine.
of
the S t a t e
I am
le t tar
sm<:
11
-..ray in
})art
t hem feel
is
hla t t .Jr
in this
.1hich
of
Indic.l.ns,
t he
we
t he
und
could officially
:.)t ::: t�
of
l'Iaine.
e;re<.l t ly a:•'\n·ecia t eJ..
Sincerely,
Kenneth M.
Curtis
Governor
bu t
(The f?ROCLJ\.l'-ii\.TION followed
it
was
-Ed.
)
included in
the
x
Following
is
Indian Day:
will not
August-�eptember
x
x
x
Cushrnan 's second ,edit orial re:
1'irs.
b
S ep t em er 21 is American Indian Day .
proclaimed
by Governor Kenne th Curt is.
should
pauce
all
Ar.iericans.
t ook i t
our
The
from
t rea t ies
to
reflect
land and all
them.
made
In
wit h
t ru t h our second class
Araericans.
( Continued
on page
9)
on our
t he Newsle t t er.
x
x
x
be re· 1rin t ed since
is s ue of
It
I t is
great
debt
A.i11erican
has been so
day �vhen we
a
to
t he first
its weal th v.ras t heirs.
�Je
many cases we have shaMefully abroga t ed
t he Indians.
citizens.
They
Th e y are
have
been in all
the only native
�- 9 (Continued- from Dage
8)
Our knoHle&ge of the woods we ootaine
d fro ..J our Indians.
Our love of the lakes and streaLls,
our ability to naddle crnoes
c me from our Indians.
Without their help and skill, our
�
firLt colonists would never have survived
tho e first terrfuble
winters.
.F'rora them vrn not only learned ·::hat to ··.ile.nt, but
how to plant it.
Our fondness for campin6, our love of the
out of doo!s, our determination to 1reserve
our wilderness
are all a precious heritage left to us by
our Indians�
Let us p· use this day to honor them, and to make sure
that at long last they will begin to be tre�ted ·s they so
well deserue.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
(The following vas mailed to Don Gellers, an attorney in Eestport,
who saw merit in the article and foru a rded it on th the �ewsletter.
The 'leusletter sends thanks to both Mrs. Simnons , for ;vriting
the article ,
and to Don,
for sending it along to us.)
Our American
Indian
The luu�rican Indian should be recognized as an ir;1_1_Jort2nt
cultural part of our /-1.1.ierican herital�e, filling a niche in
the true pattern of our natural existence.
God is no dis
cri� inator of _er :ons because of color of skin �nd,as Be is
the creator of rnc.nking, v1hen we discriminate, ue ar-2 op� osing
His _attern of creation.
,
l�ybe some things are not
a
such
uhy it is the. t one
1
for us to know,
designated
.an is �.,.hite
<.
dif.i:erent color, �1erha··1s yellor1, blc...ck or bro1m.
all are created fro
the eleuents of the e .rth.
a
a
nd .::.notller ilan
.
But basically,
by should
pig.wcnta.tion of skin cause so much trouble and injustice?
If '7e care to observe and i.1edita te
on the
� •.uierican
Indian we c�n find a lot of skill and talent th�t he
possec.ses
11hich proves nature
she besto1s
doesn 1t discriwinc>.te 11hen
gifts upon mankind.
we kno'·.r that
"/hen one tllinl-s of little childre11
loves
all of them.
Indian iJaby?
precious,
The
a
In His eyes tliey are all
merican
p;ood loyal
as well as
Italian
1�.i.....ricans?
ways of livin
for?
•
or Greek
dhy is
and
Aoerica is supyosed to
Man
yet all are
a
hav�
does.
spoil th�
barrel._
people we shall
�hite
f lnws and failings'
to
brothe ·s.
man's mind.
How
stand
right
people is rotteness
to
le ,
a.rld
Men filay be
Discrir.lination against a race of
the desire
\fho
deuocracy?
They say that one rotten apple will
If we examine
a
om traditions
Indian is a human being and should
different in certqin �ays,
as
·Tho ar8,
their
They observe
clnd
to their
on
it any difi�rent from
far,lilies,
uphold his die;nity just as a �hite
kinds of
an
loveable and
sC:tnitntion,
tte riDht to hold
Isn't this what
Freedom for all
The
as
equally.
tribal customs and traditions.
·
just
Indian people deserve e;ood hoJ1es,
c ha nce to learn,
our
God
ilho c · n turn away with repro:1·ch at
including maybe,
;
in
a
find all
•:orst
of
all,
set themselves up over other r�c�s.
m�ny Indians bla�ed for drin.in� �nd
(Continued on
a
s l a ck wny of
_age 10)
/
�- 10 (Our ... meric.J.n
Indian,
in g
e.. :istence are do
continued from ya;�c
9)
any worse than so many of rJUr ,1l1it e
people?
Look a t our slu..i
areas.
How many white drunl:.:...rds
do we find?
You must not care what your neighbor thinks of you if
you uphold what is riGht.
This means not speakinG with a
forked tongue, spewing out the false doctrine of racial in
equality ju�t to be agreeable.
Either you are for fair
treatment for our American
are you for?
Universal peace
Indians or you are not.
Jhich
for mankind calls for coo,er�tion.
l
true recognition of our
Indian people as a v.ho e \/ould
a
be
A
ste�:. toward better relations in our orm country.
Tl is is
only one step on that long read toward "Peace on "Sarth" but
that long journey, like every journey begins uith a single
step.
He hasn't forgotten any of His creations and we can't
because the change for peace a�ong hlen is slip�ing
afford to,
away fi>om us.
Gloria. iia.tthevJS Caron Simmons
i11r ine
Rockl· nd,
x
x
PASSAr'lA�UODDY
Tovmship)
x
x
x
x
i'H�1·JS - Morris Brooks
x
(Peter Dana foint,
Indian
High School Bquivalency Tests
High School Equivalency 'I'ests were held on Dece1'ber
and
Maine.
9th at �achias,
the five dollar fee would most likely
ment of
Indicin Affairs.) l�.
be
8th,
was told th�t
(The Newslettar
�aid
by the Depa�t
the superintendtnt of
Ross,
if the
schools was planning to look into the matter to see
This would
tests could be given at Peter Dana Point.
depand
on how many people would be taking the tests from the 0oint.
This would benefit everyone who takes tLe tests especially
the youni:;er
for uork.
1ho soueday might go down country to look
·,eople
It'll make a lot of difference if
certificate in his or her h�nd
�hen applyinb
a
person has a
for
Parish Hall To Be Built At Dana
A meeting
Parish Hall.
so the work
�ill be
spring.
That wil,l mean
}:-ierre,
Township),
and l'·lr.
jobs for anyone wbo
attending were Rev. Cole!.ian
Governor John Steuens
a me1aber of
started in the
v::tnts to uork.
O''foole,
Rev. Romeo
(Passamc:tquoddy,
and members of his Council,
Felletier,
-Ed.)
It �as unanimously agreed tbat it nus
too late in the season,
St.
_'.)oint.
should begin on
to set the 4ate on when the construction
Those
the Bishop 1 s itdministration.
beano
g
Point was also sit,ncd by the Governor and Counciih·.
beano
game uas held la.st sa turday and the
little
over si xt y dollA.rs
Indi2n
the Church Council,
An a_pplication for a license to hold
a
job.
rn.s held at ""eter Dana Point two weeJ;:s ae,o
(This item v1as received the first of Dece.. ,:ber. j
the new
a
which will
mes
o.t
The
U1e
first
proceeds cu.1,e to
go to the Church.
hope to double that amount this week-end.
(Continued on page
.le
�- 11 �assarua!uo<ldy �e0s
Continued from page
� Morrii Brooks)
10
Dana ?oint School Children �ake Eus Trip
Children at the Dana
Point
School took a holiday trip
llliine on Deceuber 16 with the help of Gene Stevens
who volunteered to take them do11n in the sch ol bus.
to �anger,
�
The children were met by the students from
High School who escorted them.around the city.
They visited Freesets
Santa Claus.
Box lunches
derartment
John Bapst
store where they met
vere prepared for the thirty-seven
children.
The children were in Bangor all day.
This trip
provided the first visit to Bangor for mo.· t of the children.
I want to thank the people who we�e so generous �hen
N2.ry
w
Point.
.=nt ar und the Strip and when I did likerlise at the
�very one was more than willing to help the Sisters
set this up.
Stude ts frofu
I also �ant to thank the Sister& dnd tbe
John Bapst for making this possible.
70
for the childrens trip brought in well over
Strip and -:eter Dana Point:_,r;: · ·· ·rn
A collection
dollars from
the
High School Equivalency Tests
f."ia.rtha Newell,
Rich
Nary Fillen Sockabesin,
,Jalter Gabriel· and
rd D .na are taking high school equivalency tests in
'aine,
l�chias,
the last day of the t�dt&.
this,
The results will not be known until tlio we ks,
they get in touch nrith
after
the Der art..:llent of Bduc�.tion in .'_ugu·_;ta.
Good luck to them!
X
THE
OLD
IND L�N
IS J T IT AGJ
X
X
X·
X
IN
-
Indian sees the
X
PR0D ICTS B ITT-:H
(From the ··1atertown Daily Times,
An old
X
·Jatertovm,
Hew
.v IN'l1
�.R :J.li;ATH�R.
York.)
i.llusJ;:rat sign and se<.ys east2rn
Ontario is in for one of the severest winters in uany ye.:....rs.
Jocko,
says
trapj_)ed by
86
�ho at
reserve,
Abrahar
wall island
is oldest resideut oi the dorn
the thickness of muskrat hides
Indians on the reserve tell hiui uinter vrill be
"long and very cold."
He predicts snow eight feet deep.
And he says it will not warm u� until next July.
Jocko's forecast are also based on the height of
Nr.
the corn,
grown oy
Indians along the St.
Besides the corn and the ri1ui=;;krat,
Lawrence.
he keeps an eye on the
"night moon.n
La.st year lir Jocko took a look at hi�
11.:::s deep as two tall horses" would fall.
:.
Total
inches,
corn and said snow
snowfall for eastern Ontario la.:,t winter was·
97. 4
more than a foot above normal.
His general forecast for the winter is bitterly cold
wec.>.ther beginning early Novewbe-r Hith snow beginning anytime
It will
now and becoming heavier throuch Deceu1ber and Janudry.
keep co.nin� until April, accordin� to the corn, the muskrat,
the nie;ht i.1oon and Ibraham
x
x
x
Jocko.·
x
x
x
x
�-
12
-
THANK YO U
The
three
I
P o r t land
Z on t a C l u b
s e 11 i n g ma c h in e s
al s o
Pa s s aiHa q u oct . ·; y
am
P l e a s an t
Point
and
c h an c e
r e ad i n �
much
t he
t h is
f o un J
the
to
say
C o�mn i t y t o
Me mb e r s
t h ank
•. f e
s e nd in g t h e
of
the
like
to
ge t
All
to
these
I
to
Pas s amaq u o d d y
� e s e rv a � i o n s .
�. i <l e
ma c h i n e G ,
c a n s a y is
t hank Bd
s e w i n g ma t e r ia l a n d
f orwar d i n g i t
;ur c h e s i n s
_ or t l an d � o n t a C l u�
you n o te .
viou l d
oi
InJi n
c� t
t hank y o u v e r y m u c h
f o r y o u r he lp .
l1 l s o ,
al l o c � t i o n s
Pass a�aq u o d Jy
In d i an C o J1:: uni ty J-. c t i o n
I want
h e l p i n G w.e & n d t h e
any
for
for
by
if
s h o u ld
be
t hank y o u s o
H in c kl e y ' s
E d H in c kl e y
mot her
for
for
them
Ind ian � e s e rv 2 t i o n .
S in c e r e ly ,
:S l i zc:. b e t h !i .
S t an le y
C omwun i t y A c t i o n
Ple a s a n t
Pe r r y ,
X
T r yi n g
f or ;us
test
of
Tr e e
cases
Le ga l
p o or ,
ann o un c e d
c h� l le n ge
Re ad
in
s si s t an c e
t aine ' s
is
G o v e rnu1e n t
ab o u t
this
a
1 io d e rn
( F r om
it
to
the
L'ls t
thi s
we
t he
m on t h
on
I
X
a
and
t o h e ar
see
to
x
x
x
GETS
Ma i n e
T ompk i n s ,
death
in
t he
as
his wife .
b e fore
in
X
the
8�
(AP )
f.h·e
x
x
TO
20 YEARS
Thurs day t o
on a
Indian
few
x
i f a l l the
and
p le a d e d
e i gh t
r e du c e d
gu i l t y
t r ue
be
would
and
ar t i c l e s
and
X
40 F� .
In d i ..,,n s .
of
impr e s s i on s
35th S t . ,
Ne x t
the
'
p r o b ram
x
FOR S LAY ING . , IFE .
Tompkins ,
and a half
c ha r r e
had b e e n
3 8 -.ye ar.- o ld b l on d e
of a
•
Pa s s a�a q u o J u y r e s e rv a t i on
x
o rphan ,
I n d i an
)
s arue
o f N e w . York ,
a
n
to Be
r c. c i c.� l � r i d e .
y o u r n e ws
Ri c ha r d A l e xan d e r
Pr i s o n
an
He
thick ;
Pa ss a m a q u o d dy
for
1 1 H ow
x
X
the
of
� .llle r i c
or
i n : - J a n u a ry • .:.
X
x
11v or.mn
27 ,
to
of
Detroit
2 0 years
o f man s la u0ht e r .
' i t h mu r d, e r
c harf.i:e ci
he
ll a d
t o ma ns l a u gh t e r
identified
Thursday
C o un t y & t t o rn e y C e c i l H .
Jarae s P . Ar c h i b a l d .
f o l l owin g i n s t r uc t i on s f r om a t t o r n e y G e n e r a l Jam e s
to
s a i d t h& t h e h a d n o ob j e c t i o n t o & p l e a o f gu i l t y
Ju d ge
B u r l e i gh ,
Erwin ,
or
pr e s e n t . .
was sentence d here
i n Mai n e S t a t e
I
La } o r t e
.iC
extra
a. 11 :.. :
X
s li d e s
wre
i n c lude d
x
HJ\N
c ourse
b y G e o r Re
t hem
X
drive
x
1 , 1 1/10/67 ;
p.
s e nd
those
DE TRO I T
c on c e r t e d
a.
·
tl e
o f p o in t s .
ins t i l l
we r e
by
H ou l t on ,
new
a
to
y o ur Ne w s l e t t � r
of
for
Jan uary 1 s Ne us le t t e r .
x
mo n t h r e a d
s ome
P ine
f or
l �wye r s
of
p opular
Pine
x
Journ a l ,
t a lk ab o u t
a
wo s t
rnd
in
x
t h e C ommu n i t y C hu r c h
c ha n c �
the
x
Ne� e r t h e l e s s ,
In N o v e mb e r
of
S p oke sfile n
prov ide
n uub e r
i: lans
hand
wiJ:.l � . try ·. t o in.t lud e
had
to
c omrue n c e we n t
a
Ne�r n l e t t e r was
a lr e nd y
w on t h .
e x c e p t i on .
Ne w s le t t e r
x
a r t i c le s
one
p r o g r aiill3 ,
drive
s e eks
Wall S t re e t
s ub m i t t e d
X
" J c c u l t u ra t i on a l Ps y c h o l ogy , "
I n d i an " ;
t he
X
�c
x
c on s u l t an t
c a ll e d
no
1 r o � rarn
l a w on
x
purils ,
i Ia in e .
X
s e rv i c e s
recen tly the
pr e s e n t
A
X
le0al
s t a t ewide
1.1 0 r e
X
rapid ly b e c o raing
r e c r e a t i on
Tre e ,
to
is
X
i �e
P o i n t R e s e r va t i on
( C on t in u e d
on
page
3
)
�100N NAIDE::."IS
To b e come a b a l l e r ina it may no t be neces s ury to have Ind ic=m 'h lood A 'l<l
come from .Okl ahoma .
But i t i s amaz ing that of the few nat ivP A:�er .l.. c an b�·, 1. "!.c:r in as
wr o have e arned in ternat iona l re cogn i t ion , at l ea s t f ive are Llklaho�.�n� a � d
a l l f ive p ar t Ind ian .
I n Tu l s a la s t we ek , a s t h e c l imax of a year - lo � � e 1 �
br� t ion of i t s 60th year as a s ta t e , Oklahoma s aluted i t s famous dancin b
dat.' �h t e r s , R o s e l l a Hightower , Mar j or ie Tal l chie f , Yvonne Chouteau and Mos c e l :;ne
Lur·· in , wi th a ceremonial b a l le t , H The Four Noon s . "
Actua l ly , young Cheroke e composer Lou i s B a l l ard had pro j e c t e d "Five Moon s , "
but the mo s t famous o f a l l Amer ican b a l l er inas , Mar i a Ta l l chi e f , Marj or ie ' s
s i s ter , had to r emain a t home in Chi cago t end ing her papo os e .
" I t wou l d h.:l�n�
b eeT\ wond erful to par t i c ipat e , 1 1 she s ays .
"At l e a s t my s i s ter i s there r e pre s
en ting the Tal lch i e f s . "
But four such i l lu s t r ious moon maidens were more
� � ,an enough t o trans form the v i s ion of anc ient trib a l g lory int o grace fu l , dr am
a t ic movement s .
From the ir provincial beg inning s in the sma l l towns of
C�lahoma , the s e g ir l s branched ou t to con quer the dance cap i t a l s o f the wor ld
Mis s Larkin t o l d NEWSHEEK ' s Phi l ip D . Car ter : "For thous ands of ye ar s
Indi ans have expr e s s e d thems e lv e s pr imar i ly through d ance .
I t was natura l
f '1r me . "
Mar j or i e Ta l lchie f remember s that " i t was the cus tom in our tribe
to get toge ther and dance in the roundhou s e s . "
And Yvonne Chouteau confe s s e s
that " I become s o emo t iona l l y invo lved i n my var ia t i on ab out the ' Tra i l o f
Te ar s ' tha t my hu sband was afraid I ' d s c alp the near e s t whi te man . "
In Europe , where Indians have b een ob j e c t s of cur io s i ty s ince Pocahontas ,
Mar i a Tal l chi e f u s e d to be b i l le d as " Pr inc e s s . "
Be ing Indian s aved Ro s e l la
H::. g h tower from s evere embarras smen t on a r e cent China tour .
" I was trave l l ing
on a French p a s spor t when they l e arned I was Ame r i can .
I t was a b ad. moment .
Thm I t o ld them I was an Ind ian , and suddenly I was a vic t im of Ame r i can
socie ty , a member of a dmm trodden race .. and treated be t t er than anyone e l s e . "
Thi s week , " The Four Noo n s " goe s to Okl ahoma Ci ty for i t s l a s t per forman�e
and probab ly the farewe l l appearances toge ther of Oklahoma ' s Indian bal l er inas .
Bu t they are n o t l ike ly to b ecome a van i s hing bree d .
Among them , the dancer s
have s ix chi ldren , a l l whooping i t up on the dance pat h .
(From New swe ek Ma� a z ine , 1 1 / 6 / 6 7 )
• • • •
JOINT HOUS ING PROJEC T BRINGS NEW
HOMES TO ALASKA TOWN OF HOONAH
The Southe a s t ern A l a ska Ind ian town of Hoonah has received approva l for
con s tru c t i on of 15 home s on a mutua l -he lp b a s i s .
The loan o f $ 187 , 0 6 7 was made to the Alaska S tate Hous ing Au thor i ty
.A} by the Depar tmen t of Hous ing and Urban Deve lopmen t .
(AS P
· The mutua l -he l p
hou s ing proj e c t provide s f o r coopera t ive cons truc tion o f t h e homes by Hoonah
re r id en t s .
Tenan ts wi l l pay rent un t i l the loan is re t ired at which t ime
they wi l l r e c e ive t i t l e to the home s
Par t i c ipant s in the program contr ibute the ir labor and l�nd .
Paymen t s
are b a s ed o n the ab i l i ty of t h e people t o pay , and 1 5 t o 20 ye ar s i s requ i red
to r e t ir e the d eb t .
Tenan t s also take c are o f maintenance and u t i l i t ie s .
Hoonah i s a town of abou t 700 people wi th a f i shing e conomy .
Average
c o s t of the home s i s e s t ima t ed a t $ 1 2 , 16 5 .
(From Ind ian Re cord , 1ashing ton , D . C . , November 1967)
• • • •
D ID YOU Kl'JOW THAT
the diamond in the engagement r ing which Mar ine Capt . Char l e s Robb pre se n t e d
to Lynda Bird Johns on was cut and po l i shed by Ind ian s at the Harry Win s t on , Inc .
p l ant a t Chand l er , Ar i zona ?
�COI.DNEL JOHN ALLAN
by John Fran ci s Spragu e
( Conti nued
froLl October i s sue
)
There i s plenty of e videnc e that Gene ral Washingto n pl c ed ilnpl i c it con
fidenc e in hi s condu c t and suJ)6 rvi sion of th e Ind i an affairs on th e e a d E:: rn
fronti er .
It i s also apparent that when Colonel Allan unit ed his fortunes
with the p eople of Pas sanaquoddy and Mach i as they were in di r e d i stres s and
�
expo sed to d anger from thr eat ened invasion of their settl ement s by th e Engl i sh
froE1 Nova Scot ia • • • •
Th e Governor of Nova Scot i a • • • decide d to pro ceed "Wi th a.rued ves sels to
Machias for th e purpo se of c apturing it .
He appli ed to Sir George Collier,
who wa s at Halifax with a fleet of s eve ral war ve s s el s , for aid, who put to
sea wi th four armed frigate s and arrived in ifa ch ias Bay August 13 , 1777.
Machi a s
wa s however ably d e fended by the fo rce s under c or.:una nd of Colonel Fo ster and
this att er:i.pt pro ved a failu r e .
In thi s b attl e the Indi ans were loyal and r en
d ered vali ant s ervi c e to the Arueri can s • • • •
One of the g r e at e st trouble s that h e encount ered in keeping the Indi ans
pea c e able and loyal was the persi sten c e of iih holders and oth ers to rell then
intoxi c at ing liquo r s .
White me n v.ould al so cheat them in trade , s t e al their
fur s and c onn it oth er d epredation s , all of whi ch t ended to d isturb and oake
mor e d i fficult the wor k in wh i ch he wa s e ngaged • • • •
Th e Counci l at Bo ston made every effort to co n ciliate the Indians .
A
l etter to "Aw.bra i s e and oth er Indi ans unde r Col . Allan" dated Septer.tber 1 5 , 1777
add re s s e s theo as " Frien ds and Brethren " and thank s them profus ely for th eir
" Valor and goo d Cond u c t ' in oppo si ng the Enemy in the attack they lately !!lade
on the s et tls�1ent s at Mach ia s . 1 1
F ebruary 25 , 1778 ·in a Counc il report appears the following :
1 A Co
1
rar.U tt ee of Bo th Hous e s upon th e Petition of the Con 'tte
of Ma chi as and several Le tters from Col ' o John Allan, have consid
ered the
same ;
and appreh end that th e retai ning and s ecuring the
Seve ral Trib e s of Eastern Indians in th e Fri end ship and Servi c e
of t h e United Stat e s i s a natte� o f the utmo st importance t o th e
s afety and Defenc e of so Valuabl e a part of thi s State as the
Eastern Country,
and to th is end your Commi t te e apprehend that
it is a b so lut ely N e c e ss ary that th e Truck hou s e at -iachias should
be �upplyed wi t h Cloth , Corn, RUTI & every Kind of sto re s Nec e s sary
for suc h a Department as the b e s t means to s e cu re th e several
Tri b e s of Indi an s from taking part wi th the En emy • • • • 11
In h i s le tters an d cor;.lmuni ca t ions to th e Indi ans he inva riably addre s s ed t h em
a s brothe r s an d h i s communi cati ons breath ed a spirit o f a ff e cti on and sympathy .
·
In a c on1Lluni cation to t h e Counci l Octob er 8, 1778, he r eport s that having
b e e n so urgently solicit ed by the Penobsco t tribe to visit them th at he had
a c c ed ed to th ei r r equ e st and d e scribes the meeting as follows :
"On the 7th Ult ' o 4 Cano s & Eight Men arrived , with a Mes sage
�
from th e Chie fs , Sach ems & Young Men,
requesting my imme diate atten
dan c e , Accordingly on th e 11th I - s et off thro f the Lakes
&
in five
days r e ached Peno bs cutt Old Town, whe r e the general p art of th e
Tri b e was then a s sembled .
I imr:Jedi ately As sembled the�,
ued with
&
&
h eld a Conf erence, wh i ch co ntin
short Intermi s s io n 4 days, - their Complaint s were Gre at,
Many produ c ed Seve ral Instanc e s wherein th ey were Treated very
ill .
I will Just Ment i on what th ey s aid in the first Spe e ch Aft er
my Arrival . "
( Continued
on Page
15 )
�(1 5 )
(
14 )
vontinued fro1:i Page
SPEE CH O F SAGAi'-iORE ORONO , TO COLONEL ALL/ '
0T·':'lno was one of the no st not ed and renewed Sagamor e s or Chiefs of the Pen
o bs cot Tri b e of Ind i an s and from whon the town of Oro no in Pen obs co t. Coun : .J )
i .�aine , d erives its nane .
)
Bro th er We have me t Together 2nd with one Heart & Voi c e S alut e
you and Wel cone you to our Village - Very Glad & rejo iced to se e
you in healt h , hoping t h a t God will Pre serve it, - what I sp eak
to you now i s the Vo i c e of all the Indi an s of Penobscutt, In Token
of wh i ch I Del iver you th ese Two strings of WampurJ. .
Broth e r We are Glad & Thank you fo r wh at you said to us Yesterday.
Cur Cooplai nt s are Gre at & a long Time we wanted to nake it Known
to sooe pe r so n .
Brot h er By Repe at ed Prooi se s froB our Broth er s o f t he Mas sachu s ett s
we h ad a ri ght to have a Tru ck House on th is River, where we Coud go
·
to get v.hat we Want ed, But we find to th e Contrary .
No more i s
ever s ent fo r us, but wh at Two or Three Common Hunt er s Can . t ake up,
&
that of t he no st inferior Sort .
If any Larger Quantity i s s ent
it nust be Di spo sed to Oth e rs than Indi ans .
.
Brot her Having no goverl14l.ent s Truck House you may Ea sily Conce ive
us,
the
· s erable Situ ati o n of Ind ian s .
You Know we are not like the
Whit e pe ople to Manage our Affairs, pe rt icularly wh en Lio_uor is i n
our w ay , - wh en w e Care not for th e Ho st Valuable Part of our
Int ere st , if we Can Git Run, By Which if we Po s s e s s ever so great a Property, by our own Conduc t we b ecooe l fi s erable .
Broth er We wa s in Hope s wh e n we Acknowle dged, ourselves At:1eri can s ,
Owned the n as Bro th er s ,
that th e Whit e Peo ple on thi s River �uld
have Taken some No ti c e of u s ,
&
not .Adoitted any pe rso n whatever
to Take Advantage of our Unhappy Di spo sition.
But to our Great
Mi s fortune we find great Numb ers of them who Trys all they Can to
-
hurt us ,
will not only Cheat us but will Steal from us .
This
M o s e Skins, b e sid e s a
Tribe has Taken la st Wint er above
great Ctuant ity of b e av r & other Furrs , - it is gone froo u s , &
we
2 5 00
h av e not a Suff i ci en cy that will s ecure our fam.ilys till Winte r .
You ra ay s ee Sir \..h at we have, - whi ch we Call upon Go d a s Witne s s
Our 1 e n & Women are made
fron us will Ki ck us out of Doors .
i s Trut h .
Drunk &
after they take all
Broth e r The Engli sh he re are o f many �1ind s , and we have been
Continually To s sed to & fro , wi th different News .
Many Torys
are amo ng us , who are often Teling us about the Goodne s s of th e
King of Engl and .
A great many who Tell s us things on Both Side s
to git MOney, -
&
we s e e t hem wi lling to
Act any way so they g ete
We Indians are ve ry unhappy, &
must Acknowledge by the Behavour of the White people we Disagree
among ours elves & often Time s Know not which side to Take , - but
all th i s Time we are Miserable ourselve s .
Brother The Whit e People o n this River , have Come & Settled
lfioney, - & some are Amar i can s .
We have Warned thera
Down upon the Land s wh i ch was grant ed us .
of, But they say they Di spi se. us, and Treat us wi th Language only
fit for Dogs .
Thi s Tre atment we did not Expect from Ameri c an s, Perticularly when th e General Court of thi s Stat e Granted the Land
to us themselves .
We Exp ect they will Keep goo d & Support their
Promi s e .
Brother You say yon h ave n o Aut.hority .from t he Great Congre s s
Cont inue d o n P ag e
(
16 )
�( 16 )
( Con t inued from Page 15)
re spe c � ing us , - only a Mi l i t ary Command from th� Ge n�� � l Cour t
at B o s ton .
But being g lad to See you & S a t i s fy ' d with wha t has
b e en done wi th our Bro ther s the Mar i s hee t e Tribe , we D e s ire &
Exp ect you wi l l be our friend , & t e l l a l l the s e thing s we men t :Lon
to that Au thor ity that wi l l hear our D e s tre s s & Gran t u s r e l eaf .
Otherw i s e we mus t do as we l l as we Can , - and Trust to that Grea t
G o d who ha s hi ther to pre s erved us & pray t h a t h i s Good Council
may be g iven , - tha t we may b e Dire c ted to Procure S a t i s fac t ion for
the abus e given our In j ured Fami ly s .
B ro t he r we Mind wha t you s ay. . abou t our b e ing Expid i t iou s , we
wi l l de lay No Time , - Bu t as we mus t have many Counc i l s among our
s e lve s , & Wan t ing to have Much Ta lk wi th you , .. We Expect you wi l l
n o t think o f r e turning thi s five Days .
B ro ther God B l e s s you , - farewe l l t i l l we see you again .
(Cont inue d nex t month)
ED HINCKLEY 1 S JOB :
HELP INDIANS TO BE THEMSELVES
by Mary Plumer
AUGUS TA - Af ter f ar too many year s , i t ' s beg inning to look as if Maine ' s
Ind i an s might b e ab le t o act l ike chi e f s - a t leas t wher e the ir own trib e s
are concerned .
Thi s is coming about s lowly through the De par tment of Ind ian Affairs and
Commi s s ioner Edward C. Hinckley , who ' s a firm b e l iever in l e t t ing the Ind ian
be an Indian and no t try ing to make him s omeone e l s e .
F or 300 year s , Hinck l ey s ays , the Ind ian ha s been under pre s sure to go
or do s ome t hing he doesn ' t wan t to do .
" I t hasn ' t worked .
I t ' s no t a
humane po l icy and i t ' s no t what we wou l d wan t . "
He think s i t ' s been kind o f a " subccnscious fee l ingi' tha t , mayb e , if
l i t t l e wer e done on the re s erva t ion s , if they weren ' t made too at trac t iv� then maybe the Indians wou ld go somewher e e l se .
They were g iven this land ,
Hinckley acknow ledge s , and guaran teed that this wou ld be the ir home forever .
"Why the he l l s hou ldn ' t they have f lu s h to i le t s 1 "
He looks t o the day that a r e s ervat ion may operate s imi lar ly t o a town
governmen t s truc ture (bu t not as a town ) wi th a s a lar ied tribal leader as a
s or t o f " town manager type " and a trib a l c lerk to per form s e cr e t ar i a l du t i e s ,
keep r e cord s of coun c i l mee t ings , vital s t a t i s t ic s and to be an a l l -round
Inc! ian Fr iday .
Each t r ib e e le c t s a tr iba l governor and counc i l .
The governor was
paid $ 100 a year un t i l the 1 02nd Leg i s lature , in special se s s ion , hiked i t
to $300 .
" Thi s doe sn ' t even cover the phone b i l l , " s ay s Hinckley , " i f they ' re
do ing t he ir j ob s . "
The governor , therefore , mus t work ful l - t ime to make a
l iving .
" I ' d l ike to s e e the governor funde d for two year s l ike a town
ma nage _r , to enab l e him to devo te his t ime fu l ly to managing trib a l affair s . 1 1
In the mean t ime , �inckley pound s away to lay the ground-work for the
day t he Ind ian s w i l l and can s a l ly forth to manage the ir mm affair s .
And in t h i s s hor t two-year per iod , Hinck ley has l a id a l o t of ground
wor1� .
At the b ir th of his depar tment , Hinckley , in ini t i a l vi s i t s t o the
Penob s c o t and Pas s amaquodd y, Re s erva t ion s , found the tribe s ' greate�t
concer n l ay in three are as
1 . Youth oppor tun i t ie s (part icular ly in edu ca t ion and recreat ion ) ;
2 . S an i ta t ion ( in terms o f ade qua te water and sewage s y s t ems ) ;
3 . Hous ing
The se have b een , to date , the maj or ar eas of a t ten t ion .
( Con t inued on Page 18)
·
:Y
"
·
\
�(17 )
_968 POLITICAL PLATFORMS BEING PREPAR"SD
Colby College Pre sident Robert E . L . Strider, Chainuan of the 1968
Deu0 cratic Platfonn Comr.rlttee, has appo inted ll sub cotll:littee chai:n:::ie n and
anno unced t hat th e co:r;nni tt ee will hold it s first meeting in Augusta on De c emher
4th .
The suhc.ocrni ttees include one for each maj r section o f the platform,
in the areas of Education, Natural Resources, State and Lo cal Government,
Equal Right s and Adn:ini stratinn 0f Justic e , Econorri c Development, Marine
Resour c e s , He alth and Welfare, Indian Affair s , Labor, Finan ce s , and National
Affair s .
Mr . Clyde Bartlett , Assi st ant Superint endent of the Portland S chool sys
t em, fo rmer State Directo r of the Offi ce of Economic Opportunity, was nam ed
chairllan of the Indian Affair s subcommit tee .
Eight subcorJI:li ttee s t h elp formulate the 1968 Maine Republican Platform
were appoint ed N vanber loth by Senator Kenneth P. MacLeod, R-Brewer, th e
Platf rr Commi ttee ch airnan .
Sub conmitte e s were named in the ar eas of National Affairs , Mental Health
& Correct ions and Health & Welfare, Edu cati on, Labor & Indu stry and Agriculture ,
Stat e Government , Natural Re sour c es and Sea & · Shore Fi sh eries, Ee nor.li e Develop
nent and Transp rtation, and Drafting and Style .
The Republ i c an Platf rm Connittee plans a series of publi c hearings
early in 1968; the Demo crati c Platform CoIDP-tltt ee announc ed plans for a widely
�irculated, d et ailed que sti onpi re .
·
GOVERNEE NT REORGANIZATION TASK FORCE HEARS TESTIMONY
On Decemb er 1st, several stat e departoent head s testifi ed in a day-long
The
meeting held by Gov. Curti s ' Task For c e n Government Reorganization.
The se c0nd is s cheduled for Dec ember Sth, with
heari r.g was the fi rst of two .
more dep ar tment heads t b e he ard in th e morning and a period for public t e s
tim ny in the aft ernoo n .
The Indian Affairs ComrJ.iss ioner, Edward C . Hinckley, t nld the Task F rce
t hat for ne arly 20 years th e system f dealing with the Ind ian s h as . changed yery
little .
Whit e men are appoint ed by the state as Ir.di an agents - operating
s r::te what as town managers d in the towns .
A so rt of parallel, h e said , \\Ould be the appointment by the Governor
of a town manager for a fai ne t:unicipality - provi ded that the appointee was
from a forei gn count ry and was unfamiliar with th e town rs language or culture .
Hinck l ey s aid the r e servations should b e pres erved but th e Indi ans sh ould
have a stronger voi ce in th eir own affair s and the appointment of the agents
with W"i orn they must de al.
"Maine operates on th e th eory th at the Indi an s are going to disappear , 11
he s aid .
It hasn ' t h appened in ,3 00 years and
1 1 It i sn rt going to happen.
it 1 s time to try s onething el se . 11
( Fron
an Asso ci ated Pre ss rele ase,
12/1/67 )
PlNE RifXi.E HOUSING ·UNATTRACTIVE
The Ind i an congregate housing d evelopment at Pine Ridge (Sioux Reservation )
Sout h Dakot a has n0t been at all su c cessful in attracting t enants, although
some of it s probl �s seem to be spec:i fi cally relat ed t<"' the culture and h abit s
All the units for the elderly at Pine
of the Indi an population it serve s .
Ridge are congregat&-type .
Generally, Indi an s have b een slow to ac c ept apartment-type housing and
tend t pre fer si ngle-�arily units with +arge lots suitable for extensive
Occupancy figures fo r the Pine Ridge elderly housing pro je c.t
gardening.
( Continue d on Page 18 )
�(18)
(Con t inued from Page 1 7 )
C .11c ... na = e , r i s ing in the winter when the e l der ly are more .s e:tious ly i n ue ecl
-� e qua te food and she l ter , and dropping in the summer when many of the
. ndians pre fer to r e turn to the ir own she l ter fac i l i t i e s which tho, gh
'
ina d e quate , a l low them to have a yard and a garden .
.
.
Be cause of the low intere s t expr e s sed by the e lder ly Ind ian s , the con
gregate pr o j e c t at Pine Ridge has accepted V I S TA worker s and others as tenan t s .
(From the Journa l of Hous ing , Oc tober 1 9 6 7 )
�':
E D HINCKLEY ' S JOB
( Cont inued from Page 1 6 )
• • • •
The Tr ib e s app l ied for and r e c e ived V I S TA worker s from the Off ice o f
Economi c 0ppor tun i t y .
The S tate Board o f Educa t ion i n 1 96 6 , made prov i s ion s
f o r one ful l Ind ian s cho l ar ship each year at each of the f ive s tate col lege s ,
four voca t iona l - t echnical ins t i tu t e s and thr e e s cho o l s of prac t i ca l nur s ing .
F ive Ind ian tui t ion s cho lar ship s , avai lab l e at the Univers i ty of Maine
s ince 1 9 3 7 , ar e a l l b e ing u t i l ized for the f ir s t time this year .
Add i t iona l ly , in the l ine of youth oppor tuni t i e s , the summer vo lun teer
pro gr ams conducted on a l l three re s erva t ions dur ing the pas t summe r , under
the general superv i s ion of a commi t tee of Ind ian s and o ther s appo in ted by
the Roman Catho l ic Dioce s e of Por t l and , pr ovided a varie ty of you th ac t i�i t i e s
suppl emented b y the V I S TA worker s .
In the ar eas of hou s ing (and the nece s s ary pr erequi s i t e s of adequate
water and s ewage fac i l i t ie s ) , app l ic a t ion s have been submi t ted to four federal
agenc ie s for mat ching funds for s an i tat ion fac i l i t ie s .
The l03rd Leg i s la ture gran ted each r e s erva t ion t r ibal governor and
coun c i l the power . to e s tab l i s h local hous ing au t hor i t i e s , which wi l l apply
The l eg i s la ture i s b e ing
for fe der a l ly-a s s i s ted low co s t hou s ing programs �
a sked to provide t he r e qu ired nonfedera l fund s for the s e programs .
Hinck l ey , who has l ived and worked w i th and for the Ind i ans in Utah ,
Ar i zona and Nevada s ince he rece ived a mas t er ' s of education degre e from
Harvard Unive r s i ty in 1 9 5 9 , happi ly acknow l edge s that in the las t two year s ,
some " pre t ty imper ::an t f ir s t s t e p s " have been taken for the Maine Ind ia ns .
Futur e p lan s include cont inuing programs aimed at the three prob lem
areas iden t i f ied by the tribal le ader s ; a s trong d e t erminat ion to imp�ove
emp l oymen t oppor tun i t i e s on the re s erva tion s ; and , in the area of adu l t educa
t ion and train ing , to improve work pat terns in j ob s in the surround ing areas .
A l l que s t ion s about the future of the tribe s , or the ir land s and com
mun i t ie s , s ays Hinck l ey , can only be answered by saying - " I t ' s up to the
Ind ian s thems e lve s . "
He fee l s that the re serva t ions of the Penob s co t and
Pas s amaqu oddy Ind i an trib e s w i l l mos t cer t ainly exi s t 50 year s from now - " i f
the Ind ian s wan t them to . "
The 3 2 -year-o ld Read f i e l d r e s ident s ay s hi s per sona l experience has been
tha t " the pre s ervat ion of a piece of home land , ca l l ed a r e s erva tion , is the
s ing l e mo s t impor t an t thing to every Ind ian in the coun try , whe ther or not
he l ive s on or near i t . "
I t mus t be remembered , he cau t ion s , that an Indian ' s fee l ing toward s
l and is a p sycho logi ca l and r e l ig ious one - par t ia l ly expres sed by ' the phra s e ,
"Mo ther Ear th . "
(From the Por t land �unday Te l egram , 10/ 2 9/ 6 7 )
·
D ID ' you KNOW THAT
for ty Ind i an chi l dren on the Penob s co t Re serva t ion from the second grade
through high s choo l ar e b e ing tutor e d in a l l sub j e c t s by members of the
The SAC proj e c t wa s s tarted
Univer s ity of Ma ine ' s S tudent Ac t ion Corps ?
l a s t year , w i th the he l p o f the Penob s c o t Reserva tion VISTA worker s .
�( 21 )
NAVAJO SCHOOL SENDS THREE BOOK S TO PRINTERS
ROUGH ROCK , AR IZ . - Three boo k s for Navaj o school children prepared by
Rough Ro ck Demons tration Schoo l ' s curriculun cent er , have Deen sent +...o th e
print er and thr ee mor e are ready for printi ng .
Anothe r book is b ei ng r eviewed
by th e Tribal Edu c ation Committee .
Medic"ine men an d old er Navaj os have furni shed mo st of the info rma tio n
for th e s e so c i al s tu di e s and r eading t ext s , which deal with various aspe cts
o f Navajo life, culture and hi story .
The so ci al studi e s t ext s are d e signed to give Navajo chil dren info rmatio n
o n t h e ba ckground of their pe ople , while th e r eading materials u s e Navajo
�hildren and event s in the i r live s ins tead of the 11Di ck and Jane " variety
o f suburban children found in r1ost reading textbooks • • • •
Ten s choo l s pi cked by th e Tribal Edu cat io n Comr;:littee will use the book s .
Ai'ter a year the te ache rs will evaluate them and r e commend ways o f impro ving
then • • • • Several not ed hi st0ri ans and anthropolo gi st s • • • have collaborat ed. on
the books and a ft er the Edu c ation Cowr.tlttee fi nis he s it s che ck , s e veral tribal
leade r s will look them ever .
The th ree 9ook s be ing print ed include two soci al studi e s text s (biographi e s
of 14 prominent Navajo s an d Rough Rock history) and an illu strated book o f
lege nd s for young er c hildr en ( C'ioyote serie s ) .
The o th er conpleted book s are Black Mountain Boy, and Denetso sie, both
reade r s , and another boo k of legends (Grandfather storie s ) .
( From th e Navajo Tii ne s , ll/23/67 )
HIGI ABOVE
' GANSETT ' S WATERS
by Samuel B . Girgus
Ind i ans who travel, live and wo rk together are c amping on the towers
and c atwalks of the Newport Bridg e , 400 feet agove the waters of Narragansett
Bay (Rhode Island ) .
i.•figrant s with money who se fo refathe rs hunt ed game in
an unsµ.iled Ameri ca, the se Ind i an ironworkers now f f'l1ow construction and
bridge jo b s acro ss th e nation.
In Newport they work by d ay wi th th ei r own kind, rai sing and bolting
the s t e el that wi ll comple te the 2 . 2-mile suspension bridge linking Newport
with Jame stown.
At night th ey al so remain togeth er in a few local bar s , where
the sounds of loud nusi c and peopl e dan ci ng on wo oden floor s are broken by
·
an o c c asi o nal war cry .
While a few are Si ux and Cherokee, mo st of the Indians are Mohawks from
Many of them now have French
the Caughnawaga Res ervation near Montr eal.
surn ame s added to their older trib al nam e s .
Oth ers ar e Irish.
And a f ew
believe they are Jewish - perhaps the sons of an enterprising fur trader who
narried a Mohawk, thereby enabling the woman ' s family to adopt the name of Jacobs .
Jil st of the Indians share crowded apartment s in downtown Newport with
...o
other Indian bridgeworke r s .
Several stay at the Seamen 1 s �Institut e on Market
Square or at the YMCA on Mary Street .
" Bo omers 11 who wo rk in to wn s they hav e never seen before, the Ind ians
a�e eve n mor e i so lated from mo st of the ci tie s in whi ch they "WO rk than th e
usually root le s s whit e ironwork er.
a
nati on with i n a nati on .
The Indians believe that th ey are s ti ll
"People a sk us why we do n l t · parti ci pat e too muc h in th e c ivi l ri ght s
movement , 1 1 s aid Jame s Montour, 43 , a ha nd sorae dark-fac ed man of medium build .
nee we do we tre through as a nation. 11
"We c an ' t p art i ci p at e b ec ause
Mr. Montour, wh o is c alled " Chie f " by his fellow bridge\\O rke r s be c ause
of hi s maturity and experi enc e ; bri stled only onc e - when he was c alled a Can
"We are North Ameri c an s .
We have
"We are no t Canadi ans , 1 1 he s aid.
adian.
( Co nt i nue d on Page 22)
�(22)
( Cont inued from Page 2 1 )
border s • 1 1
Abou t 30 Ind ians work as ironworker s for the r e �hlehen S te e l
.:0 . � ·
which i s bui lding the supers truc ture f o r the 4 7 . 5 -mi l l ion-do l l ar bridg e .
They gen era l ly work a t the mo s t dangerous he igh t s , r a i s ing heavy s te e l beams
and bo l t ing the beams into p lace
B ob 1 1 High Pocke t s " Ma t son , a l anky ex-rodeo r ider and auc t ioneer from
�yoming , s ays he is the only whi te bridgeworker on ( tower ) lW .
Mr . Ma tson
He a l s o says
says the Ind ians have a na tura l talent for working at he ight s .
he en j oy s working with them becau s e they are compe t i t ive and take pr ide in
their work .
1\10 Mohawks , Frank Daibo and Johnny De lormier , a l s o s ay the ir
work coD'.e s n a tur a l ly .
"We ' r e sure - footed , " f-1r . D i abo s ays .
11We ' 11 go anywhere
as l ong as i t ' s up high and we ' r e conne c t ing iron . "
The Ind i an s ge t good pay for the ir dangerous wor k .
A ski l l ed ironworker
make s ab ou t $ 5 . 40 an hour , depending on the locat ion of the j ob .
Bu t they
Kenny Jacob s , ,
a l so in s i s t tha t more is invo lve d in br idge work than goo<l p ay .
a de ep-vo i c e d Ind ian , put i t th i s way 1 ; "F i f ty year s from no:1 I can come back
to t h i s br idge and s ay , ' You s e e tha t p lace ?
Tha t ' s wher e I drove the rive t s . ' 1 1
He added : 1 1You c an see tha t a l l the t ime when you ' re moving wi th guys to o ther
j ob s and they show you a bui l d ing or br idge where they worked once .
Guys s ay
tha t a l l the t ime . 1 1
The Mohawks intere s t in b r idgebui lding began in 1 88 6 , when the Canadian
Pac i f i c Rai lroad cut through the tribe ' s r e s erva t ion to bui ld a br idge over
the S t . Lawr ence River .
O ther comp an i e s and the government later bui l t new
r ai lroads and highways to Mon tr e a l , taking more l and from the r e s erva t ion .
" They wen t through the s e away and po l luted our water and ruined our f i s h
ing , " Mr . Mon tour s a id .
" They cut do"m our tre e s and we had no more fore s t s
left . "
And they
Bu t many o f the Mohawks began working for the rai lroad .
s t ayed w i t h i t , encourag ing their sons t o d o the s ame kind o f work .
" I began when I was 1 3 , " said Frank Diab o , "when my fa ther to ld me I could
go anywhere up high a s long as I didn ' t take chance s . "
(From the Providence (R . I . ) Evening B u l le t in , 1 1 / 24 / 6 7 )
r. 0
•
·
•
•
,
• • •
•
•
•
MISCELLANEOUS NEW S
- The o lde s t cont inuous ly-oper a t e d Indian board ing s choo l i s i n Chemawa ,
Ore go n , 6 mi l e s nor t h of S a le m , Ore .
- Nr s . E s s e lyn Perkins o f Ogunqui t was gue s t speaker r e cent ly at the O ld
York Chapt er , D . A . R .
She s poke on " The Ind ian s and Ind ian Lor e of the S tate
o f Ma ine . 1 1
- E a s tpor t Coun c i l No 6 73 , Knigh t s of Co lumbus , r ecent ly honored the
Pic tured
S i s ters of Mercy upon the ir 1 0 2nd ann ive r s ary in the s ta te o f Maine .
at the fe s t iv i t i e s (Ban_&QF Dai ly News , 1 2 / 6 / 6 7 ) were S i s ter Nary Sophia , S i s. ter
A l so pic tured
Mary B e a t r ic e , S i s t er E l i z ab e th Mary and S i s te r Mary Car i ta s .
and pre s en t were Jos eph Nicho la s , grand kn igh t , and Pl easant Point Chap lain
Bernard N i cknair .
- S teve Gachup.in , 2 5 , a runner for the Jeme z Ind ian Pueb lo of New Mexico ,
c l ocked a r e cord 3 : 50 : 05 in winn ing h i s s econd s traight 2 6 . 8-mi le Pikes Peak
Mara thon , whi l e h i s bro ther , Matthew , 1 6 , took the j unior t i t le with a t ime
( Spor t s I l lus trated , 10/ 2 / 6 7 )
o f 2 : 4 1 : 35 for ano ther �e e t mark .
- The Ind ian C la ims Commi s s ion gran ted a n award o f $ 3 , 5 00 , 000 t o the Con
feder a t e d Tr ib e s o f the Co lv i l le R e s erva t ion (Wa shing ton ) - a compromi s e s e t t le
,men t on abou t 2 , 4 1 6 , 600 acr e s o f Re serva t ion lands t aken around 1872 and 1906 .
�( 23)
PENOB S CO T D OY DOING WELL A T W E S T POINT
The G u i dan c e De par tmen t of the Old Town High S cho o l r e por t s tha t .Pau l
a s e cond--year s tudent at t h e U . S . Mi l i t ary Academy at We s t Po in t ,
f in i sh e d h i s fre s hman year in the top t\·10 - t hird s of h i s c l a s s .
Son of Mr s .
Eva B i su l ca , o f the Penob s co t Tr ibe , Pau l ' s freshman cour s e s in c luded Eng i n e er
� �
B s lc a ,
ing Fundamen ta l s , Eng l i sh , Environment , Span i s h , Mathema t i c s , Mi l i t ary S c i e nce
and Phy s i c a l Educa t ion .
In two o f h i s sub j e c t s , he achieve d in the top 1 0%
of h i s 834-man c l a s s at the Academy .
I ND IAN Tm!NSHI P HOUSU:G AUTHOR I TY APPOINTED ;
ALL THREE AUTHOR I TI E S HEE T ;
GOVERNOR CUR TI S PLA �S ADD I TIOIJAL RE SERVATION C ONS '.IRUC TION PROJEC TS
The Ind i an Town s h i p Tr ib a l Governor and Coun c i l on Novemb e r 1 2 th appo i n t e d
a 5 -man Hou s ing Au thor i ty , t o comp l e t e t h e forma t ion of t h e 3 Tr iba l Hou s ing
Au tlior J t i e s in Naine , as au thor i z e d by the 1 0 3rd Le g i s l a tur e .
Named to po s t s on the Tovm s h i p ' s Au tho r i ty were Rev . C o l eman O ' To o l e ,
D e l i a Mi tche l l , Mrs . Pau l in e S teve ns , Mr . Geor g e S t even s , Jr . , and Mr .
Alber t D an a .
A t t h e group ' s f ir s t me e t ing on Dec ember 6 th , Y . S t eve n s wa s
.ir
e l ec ted cha irman ; F a t her O ' To o l e vice cha irman ; Mr s . S t even s s e cre tary and Y s .
ir
Mi t che l l tre a surer .
Y s.
.ir
On D e c ember 1 1 t h , 1 2 t h and 1 3 t h , o f f i c i a l s of the Depar tme n t of Ind ian
A f f a i r s and o the r s t a te and federal agen c i e s me t w i t h r e pr e s en t a t ive s of t he
3 Hou s ing Au thor i t i e s to d i s cu s s con t inuing app l i ca t ions for federal fund s . The s e
will
he l p con s tr u c t the nec e s s ar y wa t er an d s ewag e sys tems whi ch mu s t
accompany p lanned ho s ing programs on t h e R e s e rvat ions .
The De cember 1 1 t h me e t ing in Orono involved Peno b s c o t Hou s ing Au t hor i ty
Chairman Ma t thew Sappier , Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley and Hous ing O f f i cer
and repre s e n t a t ive s o f the
Tony Ka l i s s of the D e par tment o f Ind ian Affair s ,
Farme r s Home Admin i s trat ion and the Old Town W a t er D i s t r i c t .
On · D e cember 1 2 t h ,
Chairman Eugene Franc i s ;
a me e t ing at
P l e a s an t Po in t invo lved Hou s ing Au thor i ty
Rou s ing Commi s s ion e r s Dav i d F ran c i s , Andrew D ana and
Bernard N i ckna ir ; 4 o f f i c i a l s of
the E c onomic D eve lopmen t Admin i s t r a t ion
c lud ing New York - New Eng land Ar ea Dir e c tor Ar thur T.
of
an eng ine er
the F a rmer s Home Admini s tr a t ion ;
Commi s s ion ; _ and
the D . I . A .
Doy le ) ;
from the
( in
2 repre s en t a t ive s
S ta te Wa ter Improvemen t
P l e a s an t Po i n t Governor Jo s e p h
r e pre s en t a t ive s .
Mi tche l l ,
member
Pa s s amaquo ddy Le gi s l a t ive Repre s e n t a t ive George F ranc i s , and Counc i l Jeane t te Moore a l s o a t tended .
.
The D e c ember 1 3 t h me e t ing a t Pe t er Dana Po int brought toge ther the fu l l
member s h i p o f the Ind i an Town ship Pa s s amaquoddy Hou s ing Au thor i ty , F . H . A . ,
E . D .A .
and D . I . A .
r e pr e s e n t a t ive s ;
Commun i ty A c t ion Program D i r e c t or Ar chie
La Coot e and As s i s tan t D ir e c tor Tom W i s eman ; Governor John S t even s , Coun ci lmemb er
(and C . A . P . Aide ) Morr i s Brooks , C . A . P . bookke e p er and r e ce p t ion i s t Margare t
Smi t h ;
Coun c i lmemb er George S t even s ,
Sr . ,
E a r l y r e por t s o f Governor Kenne th M.
to be pre s e n t e d to
and o t her t r ib a l memb e r s .
Curt i s '
the January s p e c i a l se s s ion of
t en t a t ive l i s t of me asu re s
the
1 03rd Legi s lature men t i o n
3 b o n d i s sue s - o n e o f wh i ch i s repor t e d to ca l l f o r add i t ional con s tru c t ion
proj e c t s on t he Ind i an Res erva t i o n s o f Mai ne .
At an addre s s at the Univer. s i ty of Maine r e c en t ly , Gov . Cur t i s wa s quo t e d
as s aying abou t Ma in e Ind i an s : Th e s ta t e i s try ing to he lp t hem in every way
it c an , par t icular ly in the f i e ld of s ewage f ac i l i t i e s and hous ing .
DID YOU KNOW THA T
Mar ie Akin ,
a memb er of
the
Penob s co t Tr ibe , dre s s e d up as
t he Ind ian s a in t ,
for a cos tume par ty r e cent ly h e ld b y F r e s hmen and Sopho
Mi s s Akins '
more s a t S t . Jo s e ph ' s Academy , as par t o f the ir annual ne t re a t .
11/11/67)
Indian cos tume was made by her mo ther , Hr s . Mi ldred Akin .
ca ther ine
Tekaw i tha ,
(�,
�( 2L� )
A
( Tl-ie
QUE S TION
ON IND IANS
f o l 1 01·1ing l e t ter app e ared in the Brunswick Time s -Re cord o f Hovemb er 14th .
I t r e fer s
to an ar t i c l e by Pe t er Cox , which appear e
b er
and . wa s r e pr i n t e d on Pag e s
2nd ,
1 7 -18
of
the
·
in Time s -P.ecor. d of Novem
rTovemb ,er ilews l e t ter .
- Ed . )
To the e d i tor ,
I r e ad w i t h gre a t i n t e re s t
Ind i an s ? : '
t o t he s or r y p l ight of
though ;
the c o lumn by Pe t er Cox ,
H.
I a l s o have r e ad H i l l i am
the Ha ine
f or Ma ine ' s
Tile r e i s a que s t i on in my mind ,
Ind i ans .
ar e you r e a l l y concerned a� ou t
" How Long
W i l l iams on 1 s ar t i c l e s per t a in ing
the Maine Indian s or are
you c on ce rn e d
w i t h A t torney Don G e l l er s ?
Having l ived �n W a s h ing ton Cour1ty un t i l Augu s t 2 6 o f
b e ing a c t ive in coun ty a c t iv i t ie s ,
in thi s i s s ue
than i s gener a l ly known .
You have s ai d ,
" t he y ar e kept wi t hou t e f f e c t ive po l i t i c a l vo i c e . 1 1
P l e a s a n t Po in t Ind i an s ,
as
thi s y e ar ,
I think you ' l l f ind ther e
I know for a fa c t
Demo c r a t i c Commi t t e e and that Franc i s
con cern ing the Ind ian s ,
Tha t is no t true of the
that they have a Ue s erva tion.
Sap i e l i s
of
t ho s e memb e r s
(I can g ive you
the ir name s )
Ar e you
sure
Coun ty ,
: i s t e am
and
that Don Ge l l er s
r o l ler
and a l l
five
have j u s t as mu ch r ight to vo i c e
Commi t te e me e t ing a s any o ther member ,
they wou l d t ake t h e troub l e t o a t tend
You mu s t remember that Mr .
He i s
the cha irman of i t .
a l s o o n e o f f ive memb e r s o f t h e Demo cr a t i c Coun ty Commi t t e e ,
an o p in i o n a t a Demo cr a t i c Coun ty
and
is more c oncerned
if
the me e t ings .
is �rnr ldng
for
the Ind i an s ,
or
for hims e l f ?
Ge l l er s i s a compar a t ive newcomer t o Washing ton
t a c t i c s i : ar e no t the way t o win f r i ends and in f luence
peop le .
I am no t s pe aking of
Ind i an s n ow ,
or of any n a t iv e s of Washington Coun ty ,
b u t there i s an adage - "You are j udged by the company you ke e p " - and having
s e e n and me t
I wonder
if
some o f
You have
he has
s a i d that
the S t a t e
que s t ion
the
Gov .
him r i gh t ,
the f r iends who have f o l lowed Mr.
Ge l ler s
t o Eas tpor t ,
you wou l d f e e l r igh t ne ighbor ly toward them .
Po l i c e ,
" to make h i s
(Gov .
the a c cu s e d ,
under t ake the inve s t ig a t ion . "
in t egr i ty of Gov .
Cur t i s ' )
g e s ture to t a l ly ho l l ow ,
Do you
Cur t i s and our S ta t e Po l i c e ?
Cur t i s h a s s ai d per t aining
1 . a controver s i a l f i gure . "
to Don G e l l er s ,
D o you no t
I think I am quo t ing
thinl� i t wou ld b e w i s e to
know mor e per t in en t f a c t s concer n ing the Ind ians and Don G e l l er s b e f o r e wr i t ing
ar t i c l e s d e p i c t ing Mr .
Go
to Eas tpor t ,
Ge l le r s a S t .
George in shin ing armor o f
g e t s ome fac t s and quo t e b o t h s id e s f a ir ly .
the und erdog ?
A mer e eye view
f r om Cumb e r l and and S ag adaho c coun t i e s do e s no t g ive you a c lar p i c ture .
He len H .
Ro s s
IND IAHS IND I C TED l3 Y JURY
MACHIAS - S e cr e t ind i c tmen t s r e turned by a Wa s hing ton Coun ty gr and j ury
s even Pa s s amaquo ddy Ind ians invo lve d in a Labor D ay we ek frac a s w i th
law en for c emen t au thor i t i e s were made pub l i c Mond ay (12 /18/67) .
Char g e s again s t the Ind i an s , thr e e o f whom l ive in Ma s s achu s e t t s , r ange
agains t
from as s au l t and b a t t ery t o i n t e r f e r e n c e with an o f f i cer and con s p ir a cy .
A super ior cour t he ar ing i s s chedu l e d for F e bruary .
Tile s even wer e in d i c t e cl s e cr e t ly a week ago .
The s t a t e a l l e g e s the
Indians a s s au l t e d S t a t e Tr ooper Ar l a Lund of We s t Pembroke and Ind i an Con s t ab l e
Rober t Hewe l l .
( Th e ) grand j ur or s were s e l e c t e d from a new j ury po o l whi clii .had b e e n
s t e d by Jus t i c e Ar c h ib a l d , f o l l owing a d i s covery t h a t t h e s e le c t ion o f
r e que
t he or i g i n a l grand j uror s for the Oc t ob er t erm was made from a j ury poo l
e
which d id no t in c lude qua l i f ie d vo t er s from e i ther the Pe t er Dana Po in t , Pr inc
ton ,
or
the P l e a s an t Poin t ,
Perry , vo t ing l i s t s .
( C o n t inued on
Page
25)
�( 2. : )
(Cont inued from Pag e
2t� )
The or i g ina l j ury wa s d i sb ande d and d i s charged ; a ne�·! m� r t t=:
j ury
T"("'"'
o f 3C'D pro s pe c t ive j uror s Has forme d , inc lud ing repr e " . ': r. :. �. ve s . rc r;i
e . � ch u[ the tuo Ind ian r e s erva t ion vot ing d i s tr i c t s .
Two r e g i s t e r e d and qua l i f i e d vo t e r s wer e s a i d to have b een s e l e c t e d
from e ach o f t h e two Ind i an v o t ing l i s t s , in t h e s ame manner a s o t her p r o s p e c
t ive j uror s wer e p i cked from o t her mun i c ipal vo t ing l i s t s in the coun ty - every
S fl th v o t er on the l i s t was c ho s e n .
Non e o f the four vo ter s from the two r e s erva t i on s , however , were p l a c e d
o n the mo s t r e ce n t g rand j ury l i s t as a r e su l t o f t h e = 1 ou t - o f -a -ha t: " me thod
of s e l e c t in g t y the j ury connni s s ioner s .
D e f e n s e Coun s e l Don C .
r e a s on 1 = for
Ge l l er s ,
of Ea s t por t ,
s ay s he
can
s e e ' ' no po s s ib le
Indians appear e d
v o l un t ar i ly in the p a s t a n d hadn ' t b e en arre s t ed a f ter the f irs t indi c tme n t s
wer e han<le � clowa by the Oc t ob e r grand j ury .
There s e ems n o r e a s on for anyo n e
s e cr e t ind i c tmen ts
and arr e s t s .
He s a i d
the
t o a s s ume the Ind i an s wou l dn ' t appear i n February to answer
Ge l l er s s a i d S a t urd ay
(12/16/G7) .
the · new ind i c tmen t s ,
p
the
As s i s t a n t A t t orney G e n e r a l Dan i e l Li ly , chie f pro s e cu t o r , t o l
Te l egr�!!! no arr e s t s wer e n e e ded or p l ann ed .
The c l er k o f the Hash ing ton
Coun ty S q>�r i o r Cour t s a id that n igh t ( 1 2 / 15/ 6 7 ) that Li ly had asked l a s t
Hond ay f o r ar re s t war ran t s t o L e i s s u e d .
Mr s . Winn i e Tayl or , t he c our t c l erk ,
s a i d L i ly w a s a s ked by Super ior Cour t Judge Jame s P . Ar chib a ld if he wan t e d
such warr an t s .
L i l y t o ld t he j udge he d i d , a n d Judge Ar c h i1 a l d o r d e r e d her
to i s sue t hem .
Non e of
t he war r an t s wer e s erved un t i l Fr iday night
John Socob a s in and Dav id Homan wer e arr e s t e d at
erva t io n a t Perry .
As s i s t an t At torney G e n e r a l Fred Hard
when
of Mach i a s s a i d Fr i day n igh t he
·
t he Ind ian s l ive in I1a s s achu s e t t s
Thre e of
a s sume d o ther arr e s t s w i l l fo l l ow .
s o ex t r ad i t ion pro c e e d ing s w i l l have t o b e
The
( 1 2 / 15/ 6 7 ) ,
the P l e a s an t Po i n t Ind ian Re s
taken i f t h e i r arre s t i s p l anned .
tuo Ind i an s who wer e arre s te d F r i day n ight wer e r e l ea s e d ear l y
$ 2 , 000
S a turd ay morning o n
b ai l .
.(Ear l i er i nd i c tmen t s aga ins t
the
s even Ind i an s had b e en thrown out a t
t h e r e que s t o f t h e At torney G e n e r a l ' s o f f i c e b e cau s e t h e names o f Ind i an s ·
l i s t from wh i c h j ur i e s ar e s e l e c t e d .
the
wer e n ' t in clud e d in
(From the Eangor D a i ly Ne�� s ,
en t i t l e d : 1 S e cr e t Charg e s Fur ther
son ,
Por t l and ' S unday Te l e gr am ,
1 2 / 1 2 / 6 7 & 12/19/ 6 7 ;
Con fu s e Quoddy Ind i an s ,
Edward
l ing of
Na i n e ,
und e r
of
( 1 1 / 28 / 6 7 ) b y
C.
Hin ck l ey f ir s t
he
s a id ,
Ind i an a f f a i r s
in
Wi l l iam
the t-?a t ervi l l e Li n s
Maine ' s Commi s s i oner o f In d i an A f fa ir s .
the group of
the s t a t e
as
the b a s i c d i f f e r e n c e in
the hand
compar e d w i t h many we s t e rn s t a t e s .
of
Ind i ans come under
In many o theT s t a t e s ,
the U .
s. D e p ar tme n t of the In ter ior •
The o ff i c i a l a t t i t ud e s o f b o th the
a l ly chang ing ,
H.
i t s own D epar tmen t o f Ind i an A f fair s and Ind i an s come
ha s
th i s de par tmen t .
Indian A f f air s
told
b y H i l l i am
:i
HINCKLEY SAYS
sub j ec t of a s pe e ch be fore
the
Ma ine Ind ians were
'I\l e s d ay n i gh t
- Ed . )
from an ar t i c l e
1 2/ 1 7 / 6 7 )
:•7ARD IHD IAI S CHANGING ,
GOVERNI-EHTAL ATTI TUD E S T0
C lub
and
s t a t e and n a t ion a l governme n t s
From a n e ar l i er po l i cy o f f ir s t
Hinckley s a id .
the Bur e au
• • •
i s fin
trying t o
e l imina t e the I n d i a n prob l em �y e l imi u a t ing t h e Indian , then trying t o ki l l
o f the ir s o c ia l her i t oge , governme n t i s £ina l ly t ry ing t o improve the s t and ar d
of
l iving o f the Ind i an w i t hin t he framework o f h i s exi s t ence . a s a n Ind i an .
One pha s e of
organ i za t ion wi th i n
thi s ,
the
Hinck ley s a i d ,
coU111Un i ty d ev e l opme n t programs .
in cer t a in pr ograms
Thi s i s
l ar s hips
at
s pon s or e d b y
the f i r s t year ,
i s an a t temp t
to e s t ab l i s h a commun i ty
to d e a l d i re c t ly w i t h the var i o u s
tribes
federal
The Pa s s amaquoddy Tr i b e i s pr e s e n t ly invo lve�
the U.
s.
Of f i c e o f E c onomi c Oppo r t un i ty .
Hinc k l ey s a id t
that a l l
the Univer s i ty of Nai n e ar e in u s e .
( C o n t inued on Pag e
26)
of
the
f ive Ind ian s cho
�( Continue d frora Page 25 )
The P nobs cot Tribe is generally better off that the Pansar.1aqt"!.oddy Tribe,
P.: �ckley said, b e caus e of the greater opportunity for eRploynent in the area
of t he Penob s cot Re servation.
Mos t Indi an s , he s aid , have a great attacbh!ertt
to the land .
They are often unwilling to i:iove to anot he r area to find work .
Thi s accounts, in part, he said, for the poo rer po sition . of the Passamaquoddy
Tribe .
Er:lployment oppo rtuniti e s are few and far between in Washington County
where their Reservations are loc ated .
Many EassaDacp oddy children entering s chool have little knowledge of Eng
Passanaqu od dy i s in oany c ases the language of the home .
lish, he co nt inued .
He said that thi s creates even greater problems than t ho se of children of French
des cent who speak French at hone.
French bears at least sone relationship
to Engli sh, Hinckley said, while Passaruaquoddy bears none .
Th e probleus the Indian face s are 3 00 ye ar s o ld, Hinckley said.
The pov
erty and prejudice faced by Indi ans today was well-do cl..D'Ile nted in the days of
the American Revoluti on.
(From the Waterville Sentinel, 11/29/67 )
" THE ENDURING INDIAN"
This i s the title of the Departnent of Indian Affair s ' second new genera l
information sheet :WUch consists of an article written by Dr . Nancy Oe streich
Lurie , profe s sor of anthropology and chairr::ian of the Deparu�ent of Anthropology
at the University of Wis consin, in Milwaukee .
Havi ng a parti cular interest in conter.1porary Indian affairs , Dr . Iurie ' s
article di scus se s Ameri can Indians in general ; the many mi sconceptions held
about then by non-Indians; early rela tionships with European co loni st s ; the
growing "pan-Ind i an" moveaent ; .changing governRent policies toward s Indians ; and
current noveI!lents among Indian le aders throughout the country.
" The Enduring Indian, 11 wh ich first appeared in Natural Hi story Magazine
for November 1966, and is reprinted with penili s sion from the author and editor,
should b e of int erest to all tho se inte�ested in Indian Affairs in general .
It i s available without charge, on reque st, from the State Department of Indian
Affairs, State House, August � Maine 0433 0 .
MISCELLANEOUS NEWS
- The Bo ston Sunday Globe of November 19th contained a feature article
Illus
by Andrea Scheriiler entitled " The Passanaquoddya --Maine ' s Stepchildren. "
trated with photo s by the author, the article is the result of a vi sit of
several days by Miss Schermer to the Reservations , and her correspondence with
various individuals involved in Maine Indian affairs .
Paula Moulton, of Kennebunk, spoke to the Cor:imunity Church (Unitarian )
in New York City on Nove1. ber 12th, for it s annual "Ameri can Indian Sunday" pro
" It is th e one church in New York, 1 1 she said, "that as far as I know
gram .
Mr. and Mrs . Moulton
involves it self primarily in the problem s of Indian s . 1 1
were workcaop l eader s at Peter Dana Point during the SUJ:ll!l. er of 1 966, in a volun
teer
p.t·o,i P c t.
sµn n sm.·"lrl by t.hA Un i t.::i ri .qn -T Tn i n'n·:=i.q_) i
9 t.
Se1: v j
ce
Cammi tte e .
-1 1Mr . Hinck ley, fror.i the Mai ne Dept . of Indi an Affairs, was the gu est speaker
Mr. Hinckley spoke about varic 1s
in last week ' s Period X ( at Kent s Hill S chool ) .
The talk ended wi th a ques
things including the plight of . the American Ind ian .
As a res'\Jlt of his talk, th e s enior class officer s havg
tion and answer period .
ci rculated a petition which will b e given to an alumni representative, requesting
funds for the tuition of several · Indian students at Kents Hill next year . 1t
(From th e Kennebec Journal, 12/14/67 )
�Pine Street
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Penobscot
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Dec. 1967)
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
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1967-12
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Julia Brush
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DV-465
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/893426d35559301e0db2932206905044.pdf
078e043c86b2012c535c8df7e8459ce5
PDF Text
Text
A
A
ET
NEWS
VOLUME 2, NUMBER 4
ER
NOVEVJ.i3ER 1967
INDIANS TO
BE ADDED ·ro
JURY LIS'r
ATLAST
Following the October term in Nashington County, the ,Jashington
County grand jury was discharged by Superior Court Justice James P
.Archibald due to the fact that no Fassamaquoduy Indians were liGted on
A nea jury
the master list from which the grand jury names were drawn.
is to be chosen for the February and June, 1968 terms but the nclmes of
qualified votors from each of the two Passamaquoddy reservations were
to be included on·� e list from &hich grand jurors are to be chosen.
Maine statutes (M�R.S.A. T.14, sec.1254 and sec. 1255) were re�ent.l;y
·
change do �·e-garding jury lists and procedures for drawing jury names.
Th�se new laws became effective October 7th1 1967 and state in part that
''The municipal officers of the several �unicipalities shall prepare
annually, from the original registration files of voters of such munici
palities, a complete list, and shall certify and file such list with Ulae
jury commissioners of their respective county on or before the first
day of June of each ye&r.
"The jury commissioners shall, in July of each year, f rou1 the list
,
received, publicly select at random, using any given, multiple that will
give a fair and just distribution according to population, the ·names of
a sufficient number of persons to be kept on a list �hich sh�ll be
considered a jury pool
"
This list is to be used from July 1st
through June 30th.
Regarding the selection of the jury, the new lav states that jury
commissioners of the several counties "shall p L ce in a LIC!Gter jury
wheel • • • " nahles selected under sec. 1254 and on receipt of written or
verbal notice of clerk or deputy clerJ of respective counties, designating
the numb..:r of jurors needed. " • • • said com1uissioners s!mll publicly
. draw from the rJa .t2r jury wheel tl:e na.1es o as ·1.iny �Jer�ons s .�ay be
required for jury service at the prospective term, �re1are an alphabetical
list of the nawes dra�n, and submit the sdme to the clerk or deputy clerk
of
ourts of their res1Jective counties." Grand jurors are selected in
the s�rue �anner and provisions for ad<litional jurors and irand jurors
at a later date have been made by the statute.
The prior law provided awong other t11inb · that juror lists be r wn
from those eligable to vote for Representatives in ·their respective towns.
The problem here '.7as that although a Constitutional amendment in 1953
gave the Indians in Maine the right to vote in all state amd national
electious, the state Representc..tive has al·vays been left off ballots
(Continued on �age 2 )
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i��LAST,
continued from page 1)
to the three Maine Indian reservations. {Then last 'prin�, Rep.
Harrison L. Riche,rdson, R-Cumberland, brought t his 1a � t-'"to th : e.ttention
of the legislature and saw that ste�s were taken to cor�ect tbe situation.
(Newsletter, April 1967) I.t ·�tis �dif"t i cult tc> discern! ghether this ':-:fi'[;lct:
. c�used the absenc� of ,Indian names from Jury· lists or some other reason
.
was at hand, but at any rate Justice Archibald has seen fit to take
appropriate steps to correct the situation•
� -�t
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x
INDIAN COMMISSIONER CHARGED WITH OBSTRUCTING SUIT
(By WILLI .L\Jti H. v ILL IA.MSON)
PRillNCETON - John Stevens, chief of the Fassamdquoddy Indian Reservation·
here, has charp:ed Maine's Commissioner of Indian Afr�airs with n attemp:,
to "foul up" an upcoming suit against the state by the tribe.
Stevens said Commissioner P.dward C. Hinckley has tried to discredit
Passamaquoddy tribal counsel Don. C. Gellers of Eastport with both the Tribe
and the /JUerican Indian Rights Association, the or;anization which has
provided money to cover Geller's expenses in preparing the land case.
Stenens added that Hinckley has also tried to �ersuade both the
Indians and the IRA to drop Gellers in favor of some other laiyer, a move
that both the tribe and IRA feel would be fatal to the case at this poin•.
The Indian land case will be an attempt to recover dumag0s from
Maine for lands and income they wer·e guaranteed in a 1794 treaty with
Massachusetts, before Maine became a state.
Although the exact figure they'll seek isn't known, it will be in
the millions of dollars.
Stevens said last week that he believes Hinckley attempted to dawage
the case under pressure from state offici-als, who don't w ,nt to take any
chances on losing that much money.
Gellers has worked about five years in preparing the case. H�s
research has included extensive delving into the nation�l archives in
the nation's capital. The case w�s coupleted last �eek and will be
launched as soon as legal preliminaries are finished.
Hinckley said last week that Ste�ens ms mistaken, and that he (Hinckle
hopes the' case will be successful. But he conceded that he'd sugDested
to the IRA and to Indians that they d�o.r: Gellers in favor of 11.Some
.
other lawyer."
The current dispute began two 'leeks ago, when Hinckley wrote to Leo
T. Conner, president of the IRA, asking a meeting betvveen the IRA and
the tribe to answer "the tribe's growing number of questions relating
to the proposed litigation being prepared by Don c. Gellers.11
..
Hinckley told Conner Ipdians are concerned over the following
questions:
When will the land case get into court?
1.
2.
�hat is Geller's official responsibility to the tribe and to.
the IRA, and where does he obtain authority to become involved with
tribal affairs outside the case?
3.
Since the case is behind schedule, how can Gellers justify
time spent on extra - case activities?
4.
Isn't Gellers supposed to be working full time on the case?
Hinckley's letter said he w�s seeking the meeting at the requeBt
ot Mrs. Robert Rosenthal, of Lexington, Hass., a mernber of the IRA's
board of directors, and Miss Ruth Thompson, of Greenwich, Conn., a
major contributor to the IRA.
But Miss Thompson and Mrs. Rosenthal, who both knew Hinckley when
{Continued on pAgo 2A)
�- 2A
(Indian Commissioner
, Continued from page 2)
he was working �ith Indians in the west, said last week they hadn't
asked Hinckley to seek such a meeting.
They said he'd brought up the subject of the case in recent
conversations.
Miss Thompson said Hinckley suggested to her that a
"state lawyer" shou ·_d handle :lihe case, and that she disagreed.
Mrs. Rosenthal said she told hinckley she felt he should contact
the IRA office in Philadelphia if he had only complaints, e_nd should
make them formally rather than talk to her on a �ersonal be.sis.
Hinckley had visited her lrst month in Lexington.
In his letter to Conner, Hinckley said-he was seeking the meeting
with the oral approval of dtev�ns and Chief Joseph Mitchell, of the
Pleasant Point Reservation at Perry.
But Stevens said l�st week Hinckley didn't as]- him for approval.
He said Hinckley werely calle� him and told hiw there ��s goin,_ to be a
meeting and asked hin not to tell Gellers about it at that tiiJe.
Stevens said Hinckley also told hi� there wus a �ossibility
of legal action against Gellers in reg��d to the IRA's contributions
to the case.
He did't elaborate, however and ldst week the IR1� said it
had no idea hat Hinckley might have meant.
''I think the state is pressuring Hinckley beccuse it doesn't want
our case to get into court, " Stevens said.
"I think this i7hole business
is just to foul it up.11
Stevens s�id Hinckley has no authority in the land case, and shouldn't
have become involved in any way.
In a return letter to hinckley, IRA president Conner told him he
should ask Gellers, not hhe IRA, when the land case will appear in court,
since Gellers is doing the work.
Conner told Hinckley that Gellers has no o:l'_,_ici&l responsibility
to the IRA and that his responsibility to the tribe vas a watter betueen
them alone.
Conner also said the IRA felt the case was somewhat behind schedule
but that this �&s no reason for Gellers to have to justify any work
he's doing. Conner said Gellers was in no sense a fulltime employe of
the IRA.
In his letter, ttinckley had said Gellers has been paid directly by
the IRA, to tLa tune of more than $10,000 a year for the �ast three years.
But hiss Thompson said Hj.nckley was mistaken, and that the IRA has
provided less than $7,000 a year.
And Conner informed Hinckley that all checks were oade out to the
tribe.
He said the checks were sent to Gellers directly because the
tribe had no organization with a treasurer, to whom the check could be
sent.
when Hinckley wrote to Conner, raising the questions about Gellers,
he sent out 20 carbon copies of the letter, including one to Gov. Kenneth
H. Curtis.
Conner expressed sur·prise that Gellers nai;ie \'lasn 't in the list
receiving copies.
He told Hinckley that Gellerst presence at a meeting
such as the one Hinckley requested would have been essential.
But Conner said the IRA was declining the invitation to a meeting,
since it didn't feel it could be of any help in the questions Hinckley
raised.
Lawrence E. Lindley, general secretary of the IRA, said last week
that Hinckley has attempted in the past to qu0stion Gellers' right to
handle the Indinn land case.
He said Hinckley visited him almost a year ago, in Philadelphia, with
a letter signed by sofile members of the Passama1uodly tribal council,
(Continued on page 2B)
•
•
•
·
�- 2B
-
(Indian Com@issioner
, Continued from p�ge 2A)
stating that they no longer Hished Gellers to °.Je the tribe's counsel.
But Lindley s�id Hinckley's visit ca�e only several days before the
tribal election, at which a new council was elected.
The ne.1 council
quickley re-established the �revious agreement between Gellers �nd the
tribe, and work on the case proceeded.
Gellers firGt became involved in the case about five years ago,
not very long after he cai:.1e t.o Eastport.
At the tiu1e, he su.id, the
whole 1i1c:1.tter seemed ninsane" to him.
"I was sitting in L1y office one day when a ;:;,roup of men walked in,
and asked iue if I could help them with a treaty they' had with the state,"
Gellers recallec.
"Frankly, I thought they must be crazy, c..nd I ask....:d them if tLey
were sure their treaty wasn't "'vi th Virgini� or socle-pll..ce. 11 Gell1.::rs said.
But . as tiL1c pas.sea, Gellers said he bec2.i"·1e wore: and .1ore fascinated
I
with the idea, and began devoting spare tiue to investigdtion of the
matter.
He soon becawe convinced that the Indians really did h ve a case,
and he and the tribe worked out an agreement for hi·. to pur::;ue it.
But since the tribe had no'-1 oney it cou.l.d lay its hands on, Gellers
worked on the case for two years without any coL�Jcniation for expenses,
whenever he could set time, he said.
It became more and more ebvious, however, tll .... t a va·:;t ti.nount of
research 1ould be necesscry if the case was ever to be pro�erly pre�· red.
The Indians tried to take some �oney fro their tribal trust fund
to pay Gellers' expenses, but the state refused to release an initial
$3,000 request from the fund.
The state finally agreed to release .61,000, another '.;.l,000 11hen the
case w.:.ts hdlf over, and a final $1,000 when it -.r:.s cor.r.leted, but Gellers
and the tribe declined chut of fer.
r;,1e couldn 1 t do any real work on that a cunt, e.nd be .... i1..'es, the
"How do you know when a c.:i.se is
who.Le idea was silly," Gellers said.
half over, anyway. 11
The tribe then turned to the I £ for help in its c&se, �nd for the
p�st three years that organization has provi�e<l assistance.
•
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(From Portland Sunday Telegram, Portland� laine, 10/29/67,)
x
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MAINE INDIAN LlhlMEN END TRAINII'lG COURJE
Augusta (AP) - Three iaine Indian reoervation constables a n d an Indian
deputy sheriff have com�let�d the second in a series of trainin� sessions
at the �tate Felice Academy.
The deputy, George JI. Mitchell of Calais, is on�the staff 0£ Sheriff
Raymond J. Tracy but is paid under contract with the I�ine Department
of Indian Affairs.
The'constables, appointed by their tribal leaders, are Frank v
Loring of Indian Island, Old Town; Robert L. Newell of Pleasant Point,
Perry; and Eugene L, Stevens of Indian Township, Princeton.
The purpose of the course is io improve tlie positions and effectiveState police �rnre instructr
ness of the Indian law enforceraent officers.
in ma�y subjects including tribal ordinahces, the constitution �nd bill
of rights, laws of arre ...;t, use of firea�ms, rnotor vet icl� laws, s�arch
and seizure, rules of evidence, collection and preservation of evidence
and Maine court rules of criminal procedure. (Press Herald, Portland,
Maine, November 13, 1967.)
·
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,.
E
D
EDITOR
I
•
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rt
O
T
•
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h
EUGB
L·�
L
S
('11HOi·L...S) T.ROhfoON
(Penobscot)
The Maine Indian Newslett�r is Maine's only state-�ide I ndian
newslett..,r, v.nd until January 1968 , is free of ch ar g; e
.• 1
News and stories may be submittad to t.·e Newslettar for
publication at the following address:
Pine Street
Freeport, haine, 04032
(Telephone:
865-4253)
Lett�rs to the Editor &re velco�e but mu�t conform to the
rules required by ev_ry ne�s a�er.
They must be�r tDe writ-r's correct
name and address although pen names cl.Te
ermitted &t the discretion
of the Editor.
All lett�rs must b
signed though names will be vith
held from publication on request.
Fref�r&nce will be given to letters
not ov r 350 r1ords in length.
Letters ar.� subject to condensation or
editing nhcn space limitations require and to corr�ction of gr��Jer or
obvious errors.
....
x
x
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x
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BD ITOR' S NOTES
It is laudable that Sup rior Court Justice James P. Archibald dis
w.issed the �vashington County grand jury due to its racial imbalance.
Here is &nether' stand for gaining equality for our I ndi�n people.
Don't forget to let us know where your �eiatives are living, because
through the Newsletter they can hear about what is going on at home.
YOU are our correspondents!
The Women's Club of
invited me to speak with
They would like to get a
send in your suggestions
the group.
The Brunswick-Bath.
the Oak Street Friends Church in Portland, Maine
them recent1y, about the Indians in Maine.
project started to benefit the Indians.
lease
to the Nev1Sletter, and we will forward them to
rimes-Record, published in Brunswick,
Maine,
bad a very nice story in their November 14th issue about the Newsletter
and the £ditor and her family.
The lengthy article, accom·Janied with
a picture, was written by Millie Stewart.
My brother Gus ( 1/illiam Thomas, Junior) and his friend Alan Leflfond,
from Cavalier Magazine took advantage of iaine's bo-, and arrm1 season
on deer this year
But the deer took advantage of the three second
interval between the twang of the bow string and the arrow reaching its
destination
Better luck next year, boys!
.
•
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•
Happy Thanksgiving.
�- 4 -
LETTERS
Dear Editor:
Nau that the busy summer is ov�r I �.r'ou..Ld like to to.ke this
op·LJOrtunity to th... nk you for sending u1e the l'i&ine Indian N�wsletter.
We have been aaay from Indian Island for twenty fiv years opt our
hearts are still there. Every �onth when we receive the Newslettvr its
like hearing from home. �e enjoy it very much. Kee� u� the good work.
Sincerely,
Val and Les Ranco
(Indian Moccasin Shop, �ells, Maine)
x
x
x
Dear Mrs ..- Thompson:
I sent a lett0r once to you about my husbunu Leo Neptune,
I would
like to see it in the Newsletter. I have read a lot of things that
people put in and I aill sure that Leo has a lot of friends &nd
his
life to i:te is surely a story. 1-1.nd I u.ru proud to b..: ruan�ied to a
Penobscot Indian.
Thank you,
hrs. Rbraham Leo �eptune
Gardiner, Maine
.
.
•
•
•
(The letter referred to by Mrs. Neptune is �rinted below. It refers to
an article already printed in the N wEletter uhen her lett�r was '
received. The letter below was answered personnaly �nd then filed.
Leo 's suit is very colorful and he has used it on several occasions
to entertain people. One such accasion was the o1ening of Cattle's
Red & 1hite Store in the Shopping Center in G&rctiner, -2ine. - �ditor)
Dear Mrs. Thoru�son:
Leo Neptune and I have t...lked •:rith �Jr. liinckly .nd he told rne to
write to you about this.
A lady called the other night now it mig11t he ve been you I don't
know but she called about �utting the write up about wy husband that
was in the Kennebec Journal Nov. 17, 1966 •i1l1ere he went to the i'eighbor
hood Center to see the children and had a Thanksgiving dinner. · Now we
would love to have it put in the Maine Indi�n �ewslett�r paper but I
would like to· have it written ri0ht.
In the other paper they had said Leo's father i:tc. de the suit •ifhich
Leo maJe that suit for his father when Leo was 16 yrs old and then
when his father passed away Leo took the suit and has had it and taken
care of· it since. I do hope you can understand il'Y writing alri[?.bt, it
is very hard I know.
I look at the picture of my husband in the reper and it seem
wonderful. Five years ago he was a very sick �11an and four big doctors
on' Cape Cod, Mass. told me they didn't see how Leo would ever live. So
when he got better I said to our doctor one day how do you explain it
for five weeks Leo layed dieing and now he is .:;etting better. I said I
guess ray prayer were answered once. Ny doc. said you have he·:,_rd of
miracles now you have seen one so you have to believe in them. Then he
said Leo is a good old Indian and I guess he was_right.
Leo is a wonderful person and to every one, and to everyone he is
wonderful. Thank you for taking up your tii,.e to read this �errible
letter but I did want it written up right.
I just love reading the little paper it is very interested.
Thank you ag:ain,
Mrs. Leo Neptune
Gardiner\ Maine
(Letters eont'd o.n page 10)
·
�- 5 P oi nt Local News
Pl asc:tnt
Rep orte r :
1'·.!AR Y Y i-\H.hAL
WELC010!;
to Father BERrli.HD.NICK�·AIR repl::lcement to i<""'e.tli.er Pc..ul ��ure.
Father Nicknair from Eagle Lake, I :ain e, his futher still resides there.
He w�s or dai ne d June 12, 1954 at the Cathedral in .i:;ort L : n d , i ...c_ine.
Then he uas ap ·ointed to St. 1·1atthews, Limmerick, ua.ine for t .h reemont hs,
fro� there he w e n t to st. Jose�h's �a rin it e C hur ch, for one ye ar .
On S ; temb er 7, 1955 he wus at St. Louis Forish, Fort Kent, i�ine
for f ive years.
From there he was Interim Ad�inistr&ter (four months)
Holy Fm11il.y G hurch , Daigle, t1aine.
He then r1ent to holy Family Church,
- Sanford, i·iaine and on to St
n dre 's Parrish for six years.
Transferred
to .t=·leasant .F o int, St. Anne's Indian NissLn us Ad:.�inistr.:,tor and
Chaplin with full powers as F:lstor.
1-lgain J el c ow.e Fathe r iHcknc:..ir !
•
.
ThF. �CHOOL YZAR finds D ebra , Linda and Ca rroll Francis, Dennis Lewey
Linda
Cheryl Yarmal st a rt i n g graLlliter school in E ast p ort , Haine.
Francis &nd Cheryl Yarllial ar�
in the
le s so ns.
SIGN at
*
*
school
•
and
band :Joth taking clarinet
*
Indian Prayer:
Nicholas' barber s�op:
Great Spirit - Grunt that I may not criticise my
neighbor until I have w a lked a mile in his moccasins.
Joe
*
MR. DANIEL Ftti!..NCI
recen t ly
Barbar, A.F.B.,
CAP Program.
now ern1��loyed
is
*
•
*
L::.id off as d
c.;.S
Civil �.ngineer at Bu cks
OJ?�.�ortunity J1 i de to
the ;:;conouic
ON F R ID, Y 13th, (October ?) 1967 Mr.
of CAP due to il ln ess and re co ! 11; e ds
n
Director.
R aski n resigned as Director
rchie Lacoote from P.D.P. as
Mike
J
CONGRJ:.TS to S h i rle y & Jiggs J'.1itchell on the birth of
Ann M&rgaret born Sept. 16, 1967 1
t he ir
d,:_u
I
.hter
SCHOCL LUNCH PTIOGRr:..H begqn Oc to b e r 2, 1967 w i th he�d cook Serephine
(Sally) Stevens and two � i de s Annie laul and Rebecca Fr�ncis.
i1·:R.
P.P.
JOH11I FR.liJ:CIS from S omme r v il l e, .Mass., �·1as a r ·cent vis i t or to
he s ent a few d�ys with his illother Mrs. Ruth Francis.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
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GRADE OLE L:J:�.!. ·!·,s 1-IOHA .K;iiON'l'�EJ L (CP) - l'turiel Dailleboust, a C nu gh
nawaGa t � a c h e r on the Indian reaerve n e a r iontreal, ha� i ntroduce d
·15-minute lessons in the Moh� k language to her Gr&de One c lu s s .
,.._fraid that the Loha.wk tongue may die, she exi ..Lained th_.t re l igious
-.
cusic is rich in sonBG tr�nslwted by the Jesuit f&thers centuries a �o.
( b'rom 11.ANY S ·lOKi':B, Reno Nevada, Fall, 1967.)
x
x
x
°
0 ften help each other most by le avi ng
(Ray Fadden, Six Nations I ndian Museum.)
"'Ne
cal".1
each other
on e. ;i
al
�- 6 YOU i�ro·,J
DID
Tl:L-i.T
�dchael Rance,
UniverGity of imine?
son of the lcte }�s Beatrice Gr�nt is �ttending
George Tomer, son of Mr.
University of �bine?
�riss Blanche Nicola,
and
·i.cs ./ilfred Tomer is :...tt-::ndin
.
daut.;htur of i'�r.
�nd hrs.
attending Beal Business College?
Lc::.rry Banks,
son of t1r.
:R2lph Nicola is
)
above "four students are from the Penobacot tribe.
x
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CURSE
x
OF
300
years
drown •
..
pre ,ent •
As v1_ith raany
•
•
age Lmke
things,
the story in essence
than formerly�
•
.3
in th.J
a
rriti1J
uut
about the curse
t ien
for an un.iortun<.-:te drowning,
found
retold with a different fl·:vor B.nd is then re
up,
The Saco River starts with
•
•
•
Lt the Saco-Jiddelord cataract
dc:.mraed up for hydro electric
�ith your
trickle thct you c-n s�an
a
above Crciw 'ord I otch in New H2.r.i1Jshire,
just-
of his
forgotten until so�
is
It is al�ost as if the curs�
,,;a
bit 111ore Meil-low,
Less is said now
interred until another drowning occurs •
a bang
do.m
the legend
remains the sbrae.
reason cannot be
the curse is dug
two hands,
and his' sei,ua'.f I)ronounced
st&ting that each ye ·r t11ree white 1Jen
This curse has been passed
toriv.ns to the
"scientific"
rrom a pa er by Charles Cr .igen
ago an Indic:.n chieftain
a curse upon the Saco 'River,
vrnuld
·x
Th"E SACO
( The following story has been taken
.
of Portland, Maine. -Ed. )
Alnost
tlle
and iirs :Jernc rd Banks is e.tt�ndi1 g the
University of California?
(The
the
j.ower
flhich
ends -:rith
2..nd
renent ye�rs �as been,
in
.:)reduction.
In the 74 1nil2s of its bc1.sin-lerigth, t�1e riv�r i:ie .... nders here and
as at Fryburg, where it flov;rs 30 ;.ii.les to ;;l.::ke four wiles of pro
Ga.therin,. i.-m1;::r all the ti ie from
This is its chief devic. tion.
gress.
there,
600
its
1603
odd tributaries,
it
its way to the se�.
Ninds
The original discoverer of the river,
turned a •.Jay
from
it as
!laving
followed disagreed however.
They
land and gr0w corn, they lumbered
pines
for the King's Navy;
and,
fished
t in
.crin6,
inte.L·est."
Tnose
Captain
"nothing of
with
i• • . r
spear
boats,
it is
c:.G
being navigable only in �,ntches and usable
road in to history,
up a vision of
linsey-woolsey,
pioneers
living
leading deep in to the
in their coonskin caps,
they cleared
for the tall
Indians.
ro'- 'Ll;
but
only for small
did not se�ve this puroose to any greLt extent.
a1
trap;
at odd times they fou:::,ht the
S.co oth flowing rivers in the old days \iT.Jre usec.,
the Saco,
and
and they went 11amQ.:;ting11
in
who
�evertheless,
&n 'l calling
.-.ast,
�heir wives in their
in cabins with fire laces sd huge that you
could look up throu3h the throats of the chimneys and sec t�e Big Dipper.
In
the very beginning the white
&nd dug clams tog�ther pe&ce i ully.
change came troubl
for the m.assacres
•
that Captain
John
Indian hunted,
and made his raid after the
the
Indians
at which he gre� so cruelly adept.
near Fryburg,
fished,
it was the white ;_11an ·rho tau 1ht the
Lovewell who lost his life
Leve�ell's Pond,
the
ti�es chansed an� with the
Despite the tradition th�t blaLles
and sc&b-,in: .s,
Indian the art of scal�ing,
at
wan und
However,
fighting
..
1e learn
the Indians
Ywas in the trade of Indi�n fi hter,
General Court of Ikss�cLus��ts hed
�7 -
( Curss
01
the
Saco,
6)
'row _'ace
Cont'd
offoeed a hundred
- ounds for every Indian sc2.1 .. L�b:m. :; . • •
At the time of a �..,reat Indian revo l uti on � n 167'5, Chi:::f .Sc.i.u.:-:..ndo,
a sagamore living on Indian I sl a nd, which divides the cutar.tct at
Bidde f ord, did, ni th j ustifica tion, ::ut a. curse on the Saco River • •
Jocelyn in a note
John
i nsti nc t i v ely a si-Iili1L1..Jl:',
man thc"">..t
a
•
1i
ld
on Neri -:ng·land
and it
o.
;as
the papoose t hro· n into the
.1
tl:2 InQi.::.n <.--..s
belief among t he white
descrii)eG
c..:o�iuon
\;u.ter •:rnulcl
;:i_-.tural .y
:::.i.lim
l ike
·
aniruQl.
It ;7as at this ti.r.ie th&.t an ··--:nglish vessel s(..il. . .:l
to a.nchor off Cow
Islc-.nd.
the s�i lo r �
c ont
a
wa�
r ov ersy
the s a ilor s
hereu�on
stream;
w ith
1:1..::et the
Indian canoe.
ua n n e d
the river
indu .gcc1 in
truth of Jocelyn's
OVdr the
It so hc:..opyened th�.t the squ2x1 of Sq uand o
into t1e
u;
v o. ri ou s diver.3ions
f'...t1Wng t11e
her J..Japoose had s0 t out
b oat und •ushed off to
e
T he li g-h t birchen canoe ··rn.s u}·set,
mother and child into the water.
b rought it to shore �live,
The
by
atdt��ent.
throHing the
mother dove do·1n for her child and
but the baby soon died w h ile cli ng ing to
its mother's breast.
and
Squo..ndo im,:;1ediately,
himself ready to
long �fter,
t he
whose
wcdicine
for revenge,
burning
wrou ['., ht a
spell
scene o
th
mp a nie d
he
the Sciilors uyset the c&noe,
just
a cco
and poured his ob la tion of
the ent ir e
tr
mother,
his
his
the
i?..nd
0edy
b lo1:m - up
s tr �nge
sm el l ing
.__t th" t ti·"e of nig ht
waters
the IJlac e where
s �ooth
he c h�n t . d ruyjtic
b"ad medic in e into ti1.e stre��m,
Hobm10cko,
the
�edicine clan of
Sal·okis to
the
1herc
to begin lis inc2nt&tions.
his Sc. t a n ic Me.jesty,
n�
declared
:£'.Tot
Sakokis,
ith his fire SJ•loke,
1
cheir rattling beads inside and
when torJorrow becm:les today,
� lo
fc:..rther;
.!hen tl1e signs c a me ri c ht in the sky ,
the falls,
sho\7 o:t' .1.�1.;c-:.jon,
sou gh t out th�
..
vigwE-i1 ov .)rlooked the
mun
bl·dder s�ins with
herbs.
as
soiiie
The tradition goeo
revolvi ng her own scheme
the tri· e,
'Iii th
Sokokis uere scal�1n� and
coast to the eastward.
great
pe rho.ps
join with others to annihil.:i.t, the Engli sh .
out below
Bib�erish (?)
w hich so.mnoned
who cursed t he s p ot roundly so that
long as t h e white can lives by Saco �aters three of bis hated race
Iilust ea ch year droun in them .
Th0
will
o lder inhabitants
au out the S
sto� and tell you this t�le.
but the romance o
the
,:hen there
co,
.... drow ning
is
T hey may not believe in tnc
story is alw ays cµtti n� its teeth.
establis hed fact th...tt t here are
curse,
It is an
more drow n ing s at that parti cu l , . r syot
the� in any other place in t he River.
The
general area
w h e re
the
event
been ju�t below Factory Island 0ecauJe t h i s spot
:/ritings d...i ting
was an Indian c am:pin g ground each spring and su.111Jner.
from 1677 h av e told the story of the curse and it ap. e_ rs in e v ery
took place must have
historical manuscrirt of the are2.
1937 the Portland -, unday Te legra.m --irote how "it is a
(1675) when the curse wis pronounced
ied by drowning in ti 8 Saco 1:-�iver. ;1In 1947
three white people ho.ve
( June 29, 1947, 1--ortl.::;.nd Sundly Telegram ) c. nother article came to i.1rint
On
July 28,
curious fact that since that yenr
st::>,ting the cur
a f ew
:.e
hu d
taken the lives of
three
years a go,
peo ple
e<:!.ch y�ar
when a year fortun -.tely pa.s ..... ed without
the cur._,e was l i f t ed. " • • •
Bet1e en the years of 1892 and 1905 For t y - on e
Sa co
lost their lives in the Saco
� iver.
''up to
d r m«m i n gs and
residents of B i ddef ord
In ell y� ars except 1U94,
and
1897,
1898 ancl 1900 at le a .. t three peo p le frora tl e.Je t110 to· ·ns dr owned in the
T he �verace �er year for
In 1896 the toll ro�e to six de·ths.
the 14 year per i od is 2.92 deaths.
ri ver.
ta ho'
�- 8 I'H 4NKSG IV ING
Since it is Thanksgiving ticle I thought it Aould �e ar ro�riate to
include a few recipes iust srecial for tl1e occ.c:�sion.
1e fi:cst is
from Cherokee.
(All of the recipes are fror The Art of 1clerican Indicin
Cooking.)
TURKEY JI'.t'E OY T17R-CO.RN:.JREAf) STUFFihG
(Makes 6-8 Servings)
·
TURKEY:
1 (8 lb.) turkey
1}2 cups wat�r
1 cup butter or margarine, softened
STUFFING:
8 cups crumbled cornbread or muff ins
5 scallions, washed and minced (include tops)
10 medium sized mushrooms, wiped and chop.;ed
1 cup coarsely chopped pecans
18 oysters, drained and chop· ed (reser¥e liquid)
Turkey giblets, cooked �nd chop ed
1 egg
1 clove garlic, peeled and crushed
2 tables�oons minced parsley
� teaspoon powdered savory
� teaspoon fresh ground pepper
2}2 teaspoons salt
5 tablespoons oyster liquid
5 tables1oons giblet-cooking w a ter
� cup melted bu� ter or margarine
\
·
�ipe turkey well rith a damp cloth inside and out. Remove any
1.
pinfeathers, and singe off hairs.
Remove
2.
Simcler the giblets in l» cups water for 20 to 30 minutes.
from cooking water, and chop. Save the cooking Wciter.
3.
Mix the dressing ingredients together thoroughly, and stuff both
neck and body ca vities of the bird. �irap remaining stuffing in alwninum
foil. Skewer the openings shut, truss, and : lace the turkey breast
do•1n on a poultry rack in a large roasting pan. Ruo the bird generously
1dth about '/� cup of the softened butter.
4.
Roast the turkey, uncovered, in a moderately slow oven, 325°F., bast
ing every 20 minutes wit h a mixture of tbe oyster liquid, giblet-cooking
wat..:..r, and remaining butter, melted. After 1}2 hours of roasting, turn
Allow about 30 minutes per pound for roas t
the turkey breast side up.
turkey is done when the lag joint �oves e�sily.
The
ing the turkey.
x x x
Along with the Roast Turkey you might l ik e
(Makes 6-8 Servings)
Y� cups seedless r�isons
3 cups scalded milk
l� cups cold milk
1 cup corn meal
}� cup molasses
1 teaspoon salt
a
dish
of Indi�n Pudding:
(Continued on page·9.)
�- 9 _ ud d in g ,
( Indi - n
c on t ' d )
·� c up s ugar ·
3/4 t e a s p o on ginge r
� t e as p o on n u t me g
� c up b ut t e r
1.
Add
t he
c o rn me a l ,
r a i s ons
t he n
c o ns t an t l y ,
2.
Mix
a
int o
2'2
t he
int o
10
ab o u t
uar t
the
a
d i s h in
h o ur s .
Le t
�i lk .
hot
15
s ugar ,
c a s s e r ole .
of
cool
of
t he
the
b ake
hours
milk � i t h
in
be fore
... . nd
s l ov1
t h i c k e ns .
b ut t e r .
r e raain ing
a
the
s t ir r i n g
mix t ur e
n u t me g ,
pour
and
� o. t e r ,
c old
v e ry s l ow l y ,
o r un t i l
gin g e r ,
rhen
3 �o 4
f or
cu?
h eat
t h e p u d d in g .
c o ld
1
hix
mi lk .
minu t e s
salt ,
center
pan
hot
the
to
m o l a ss e s ,
o u t t e r e d 2-
Set
for
f or
the
milk i n t o
c o ld
3.
in
to
s t ir
�
:f o u r
c up
300°F . ,
oven ,
s e rv i ng .
x x x
f o r a few CHP.R I ES
( M a k e s 4 - 6 S e r v in g s )
Nmv
S H .ERED · J ITH
2 ( 1 lb . ) c ans wa t e r - �a c k
1 c u p maple s ugar
1.
10
2.
Pla c e
t he
c he r r y
tart
j uice
1APLE S UGAR
r e d pit t e d
and maple
cheries
i n a s a u c e pan and b o i l
s ugar
for
m in u t e s .
D r op
for
�nd s iliilll e r
c he r r i e s
the
in
5 minut � a .
S e rve
or
hot
c o ld .
11
impr e s s
x x x
T op
thi s
a
off with
a n y gue s t .
By
the
f e w t1APLE -S UG ;..:R T:D rru ·rs
way
t he
las t
the Ea s t ern N o od land I n d ians ,
( Make s 10 - 12 S e rv in gs )
1 c u p map le
}2
�
}2
,; ;.l\: D FRU I TS
t w o re c ipe s
i n c l u d in g
the
cind
this
and
one
Fen obs c o t
you
I
c ome
and
f r om
Iroquois .
s ugar
c up w a t e r
c up unb lan c h e d waln u t
c up unb lan c h e d
1}2
c up s
1.
d r i e d pru n e s
� la c e
s lowly ,
map l e
without
h a lv e s
f i lb e r t s
apr i c o t s
or
s ug�r
and
wa t e r
s· all ,
a
in
the
to
s t irring ,
s a u c e �u n a n d
d e ep
2 38 °F .
s t � �e ,
soft - ball
on
he2 t
a
c an d y
t h e rmoce t e r .
2.
from
Re ·' o v e
ge n t ly �i t h
foil with
3.
D ip
a
the
the
a s p o on
slot t e d
prun e s
s ur e
t ha t
t h e y ar�
j us t
l o n g e n o u gh
drop
heat ,
so
apri c o t s
e v e n ly
t o me l t
evenly
the
s yr up wi t h
a l uminum
to
filberts .
hot
in t o
c oa t e d .
it .
Re �1 ove
the
turn
s yr up ,
hot
c oa t e d .
with
R e pe a t
s p o on .
or
the
int o
w a ln u t s
t he
the y are
t ha t
If
Re move
the
s yr up b e gins
prun e s
to
n
s t r ip
t o ngs ,
mak ing
to
h �rde n ,
of
a l umin um
heat
foil .
4.
Cool
the
nuts
apd
fruit
to
r o om
t e mpe ra t u r e .
Then s e rve
as
a
c on fe c t i o n .
x x x
T h is T hanks giv ing r e me mb e r
it
was
Ind ian
I t ma d e p o s s i b le
f rom s t arvat i on.
i l l i clm Pe nn , Pe t e r S t yv e s an t , S ir
the
c or n
that
s e t t le u c n t s
.'/i l l i ..:Un J o h n s o n
x x x
s av e d
of
anu
the
�1i lgr i11s
J oh n S ill i t h ,
i.: e.ny
o t he r s .
�w -
-
This
next
one
is
in
Janu a r y
1968
I n d i an s
the
(see
la � t
r e s ponse
to
N ews l e t t e r
page
Penob s c ot Trib e .
of
la s t mon t h ' s
will
t h is
c os t
notice
t w o d o l l2 r s
i s s ue . )
Mrs
t ha t
�e r
Rice
is
s t �r t i n � i n
ye�r
f or
we filb � r
a
n�n
� he
o
D e ar E d i t o r :
Eve n
t h o ugh
my Ne w s le t t e r
is
free
I 8d
Mr s .
Jeane t t e
Ban g o r ,
l i ke
to
s e nd ruy d o na t i on .
( Fr
n c is )
Ri c e
1· ·a i n e
x x x
To
t he
Ed i t o r :
I
have
p r ov id i n . ;
ry� t c h e d � i t h
c onc e rn e d H i t h
me e t
with
cases
I
the
p r o b l e ms
c on t in u e d
d i s a gr e e ,
ap? e ar s
based
on
the
with
your
as s u mp t i o n
t h e y ar e
ed i t o r i a l
c ut i on
is
v igor ous
if
is
�ut
It
not
as
just
s e ems
the
f ai l i n �
The
C as e
als o
t he
it
to
ar gue
o t h e r m� t t e r s
is
th&t
" un s o lv e d " .
e v id e n c e
to
e s t�b lish
are
s layi n g s
ob t ai n e d .
d oi n g t h e i r
j ob
the
or
o f pr o o f
y o ur
t oward
y o u ar e
j us t
the
c r i�e ,
a
n o n - I n d i �n .
be c�use
state
a
to
th e
to
not
the
the
t han
pro s e
P e r h aps
this
the
ca3e
tbe
o b tained
of
t r o ope r d i d
de f e n d an t ,
I n d ian
in
may ..:: Li 1, ly L:1e c:n
gui l t
there
in
who
in
state
to
to be
uithout
by
e f e n dan t .
t he
th ... t
F r an c i s
there
d e f e nd a n t
c ou r t
an
we
in
c onv i c t i ons
indi f f e r e n c e
have
thcl t
c r i t i c al
for
was
b e yo n d
a
h as
been
a
f o rm ad v e r s e
'
t o ward
the
y o u wi l l
our Mai n e 0 t c: t e
Ha i n e
It
is
a
a h i gh
ind i f
f l imsy f a c t s ,
S t&te
and
mur d e r
u i r ;.. s
of
o � i n i on s
c e r t � in ly
Feli ce
re
c o n t inual
on theae
bL s e d
f or
e b o cl y i s n ' t
j us t i c e .
c r ime .
is
�ho
r e as on ,
t o
so
d e v e l o .:. e d w h i c h
there
I nd i an s
pe o p l e
in
..,hi c h
n e c e s s a r i ly t h _ _ t
e v id e n c e .
good
c on f i d e n c e
me an
c onv i c t
t he
the
sufficient
hav �
pe ople
is
s t an d
for
wr o n g as
c o ur t s
not
j us t i c e
ord e r
j us t i c e
as
n o n - I n d i o.. n s
t hat
c on t in ue
you
of
does
e d i t or ia l
Indians wi thout
our
It
with a
c o ur � s
e s t a b l i s he d .
unfav o ra b le
c on v i c t i o n wa s
T h is
s ys t e m o f
ference
If
7ere
of
c r imi n a l
doub t .
There
st�te
c h&r�ed
v i c t im
fav o r a b l e
it
Wh e n
aTe
re c e n t
e Ji t o r i a l s t and
� r o b a b ly w i l l f u l l y m i s r e pr � s e n t e d
to
a mu r d e r
q ua l i t y
of
Your
t he
e ssent ially
th . t
of
others
e f f o r t s may
h a r s h l y by · 1e i n e
v i c t im
rae Rn
result
your
t r e a t u1e n t
Ind ians
has b e e n
fac t
not
h ope
ore
is
d o c s L ot
r e as on�b l e
our
a d e t ai l
te st ify
in s u f f i c i e n t
, ar e
to
officer
to
as
be lieve
gr o s s l y un fair
t e s t i � y as
t ha t
don ' t
when
with
Indian
I
Ind i 2.ns a n d
I
I nd i an s .
that
dealt
and w h e n an
not
o f y o u r pub l i c a t i on i n
f i g u r e d p r omin e n t l y .
are � o n - I n d i an s ,
so ,
e fforts
f o r um f o r L a i n e
o f Haine
I n d ian s
the
offense ,
a
suc c e s o .
h ow e v e r ,
i n whi c h Mai n e
c r im i n a l
in t e r e � t
s ou n d i n g b o a. r d c.nd
a
i o li c e
and
te
t h o �e
t ake
pride
· li e n
dh o
the
s ys t e m .
Yours
Jon A .
v e r y t r u ly ,
Lund
Augu s t a ,
Hai n e
x x x
D e ar E d i t o r :
I
be
enclose
please
to
$ 1 . 00 t oward
r e c e iv e
e xpe n R e s
n f Mai n e
I nd ian New s l e t t e r .
I will
it .
D i d s h e f in a l l y g e t i n t o c o l le ge
r c l e of Kin g s D augh t e r s h�d h e r a t o u r
Our C om f o r t in g C i
this fall ?
�e w e r e s o
C hr i s t mas me e t in g l a s t ye ar and g�v e h e r a b e a u t i f u l s we a t e r .
h h e r t a lk , t h a t w e pac ke d . 2 � · lar ge · c �r � o n s o f � arm w in t e r
p l e as e d w i t
c l o t hi n g f o r t h e :..-· l e as an t 1· o i n t r e s e rv a t i on . S i gn e d Nir iam S t ov e r Th oLlas ,
�hat
b e c ame
S o u t h Har p::.we l l ,
c @PJ.lS_
_
- Kd i t o r
o f D e anna F r an c i s ?
Me .
J
( D e anna
is
a F r e s hman
at
the
U.
o f Me . ,
P o r t land
�(11)
S TATE -FEDERAL OFF IC IALS El'ID TOUR OF Il\ IAH P S ERV "'�103
lD
.2
( S e e s tory on Pag e 1 3 , Oc tob er !!e ·r n l��· :· �r ,
PLEASAaT POIHT - S ta t e and federal o f f i c i a l s con c luded a tour of t he
Maine Indian r e s erva t ions here Thur s day n ight on perhaps what may b e t e rme d
a l e s s than en thus ias t ic no t e , on t he par t of Ind ians at tending t h e f i n a l
me e t ing .
He e t ing w i th the Ind ian governors and tr iba l counc i l s on Tuesday , Hedne s d ay
and Thur s day were Orval Packard , a S ioux Ind ian on the s t aff of the Bureau
of Emp loyme n t S ervice s of the Labor Depar tmen t , and Jame s Schoentha ler , Maine
Manpower Coord ina tor in the Maine D ivis ion of Economic Oppor tuni ty .
The two o f f ic ial s me t w i th the three Indian groups a t Old T0tm , Pr ince ton
and Ple asan t Po int to 'trnrl� out a program which is a imed at qual ifying for a
gran t from t he U . S . Lab or Depar tme n t for a re s erva tions program under the depar t men t ' s Human Resour c e s D eve l opment Plan . . . .
Packard , s e l ec t e d b y the Labor Depar tment to work dire c t ly with the
Indian s throughou t the nat ion on a "gras sr oot s " leve l , empha s i zed dur ing the
final mee t ing Thursday that he was on an observa t ion tour and wou ld re por t
his find ing s and t he Indian s ' s e n t imen t s to the governor and to the l abor
de par tmen t
Sever al a t tend ing the me e t ing spoke of t he ir f ear of the r e serva t ion
t 1be coming a graveyard ' : under the r e que s ted program sugg e s ted by the S ioux r e
pr e senta t ive o f t h e Labor Depar tmen t .
Packard drew t h e comme n t a f t e r sug
g e s t ing that the Indi ans coul<l f ind emp l oymen t ( or emp loymen t could b e found
for them) under a mu l t i - s t a t e program in whi ch the Ind i an la bor for c e could be
tran s por t e d to s e a s onal and po s s ib ly regular j ob s in far away ar eas of the
s ta te , and perhap s out of s ta te .
The Ind ians balked at the thought and poin ted out tha t the idea was already
b e ing tried in the harve s t ing of b lueberr i e s , po ta toe s and app l e s in the s t a te .
They sugge s te d that the labor de p ar tmen t con tact nbig bus ine s s ' and have them
come in t o t he ar e a , rather than ask the Ind ian to leave and perhap s n ever
r e turn t o h i s re servat ion .
One s poke sman of the a t t end ing Ind ian s at the Pleasan t Point Re s erva t ion
poin ted out tha t a shoe pr oduc ing concern wa s very intere s ted in s e t t ing up
s hop on or near the r e s ervat ion e spe c ia l ly for the Pleasan t Po int group but
nas unab l e t o locate be c ause an 8 , 000 squar e foot building cou ld not be located
or con s truc t ed .
The s poke sman n o t ed a l so that the Re s ervat ion has Pas samaquoddy B ay and
Thi s , he said , wou ld
the rai lroad on one s ide and U . S . Rou t e 1 on the o ther .
be an advan tage for indu s try , in add i t ion t o the Eas tport airpor t .
Packard sugg e s t e d that the impor tant thing was f or the tr ibe to deve lop
a s trong tribal counc i l with long-r ange goa l s and s tr e s sed that they not place
' a l l the ir money on one pony . "
The repr e s en ta t ive advi sed that it would be
very unw i s e t o embark on s tr i c t ly an indus tr�al development ang le and forge t
the agr i cu l tura l par t of the employment p i c ture .
Speaking from his mm exper ience , the Ind i an noted to t ho s e in a t tendance
that ' !Wherever you go and wha t ever you do , you ar e s t i l l an Ind ian . "
He
s ug� s ted t hat the main thing was t hat the Ind ian should be a lways s e eking
to b e t ter hims e l f educat ion a l ly and s o c ia l l y , even if i t mean t trave l ing for
b e t ter and s c e ad i er emp loyment . ·
(From the Bangor Dai ly News , 9 / 30 - 10/ 1 / 6 7)
�
•
CONEY ISi.Al-ID
which has devo ted i t se lf to amu s ing o ther s , s tar ted as a j oke perpe trated
by t he Indians on the 't·1h i t e man .
In 1 64 9 the sachem o f the Canars ie Tr ibe
so ld Xonijn Ei land to a gu l l ib l e Du tchman named Van Sale e .
lJhat made the tran s
ac t ion funny was that the Canar s ie d idn ' t even own i t ; it be longed to the ne igh
b or ing Nyacks , who s o ld i t again , f ive year s later , to ano4lher Dutchman .
�( 12)
U . S . IND IAl'J AID IS KEYED TO DEVELOPMENT OF RE SODRCE S
HASHING TON (UPI ) - Pr e s ident John son h.:u: o .: fe'."." "' -i .,_n <'L• b .1.L .L:>t: ; .. _ oi.">, ram
":o e as e a prob lem tha t has nagged every !ladmin i s tr a t io�1 in Un i t e d S tates hi s to ry :1ow to br ing t he Amer i can Ind ian into the ma in s tream of Amer i can l i fe
The admin i s tr a t ion p lan i s keyed t o a program for deve l opmen t of the
va s t natura l r e s our c e s o f the Indian s .
A l though ther e are on ly abou t 600 , 00 0
.
Ind i an s - thr e e - ten ths of o n e p e r c e n t o f t he nat ion ' s popu la t ion - they ovm
5 5 mi l lion acr e s of land .
Thi s acr e age , 2% o f the con t inen tal to ta l , is
as large as Nor th and South Caro l ina comb ined .
Much o f the l and admi t te d l y is d e s er t or. mountainous and unproduc tive ,
bu t some contains r ich miner a l re sour c e s or is va luab l e for farm and recre
a tiona l pur po s e s .
Pending in Congr e s s is an admin i s trat ion b i l l to make
ava i l ab l e a b ig chunk of feder a l fund s to deve lop the s e l and r e sources
The
b i l l has b e e n de s cr ibed as 1 1 a fore ign a i d program aimed a t a n underdeve loped
dome s -tic popu l a t ion . "
The program i s of such vas t s cope tha t the In ter ior commi t te e s o f the
Hou s e and Senat e have been unab l e so far to advance it very far toward final
pas sag e .
Hear ings have been h e ld in bobh hou s e s , however , and prospe c t s
appe ar good for pas sage next year
An t hropo logi s t s
e s t imat e ther e were about 700 , 000 Ind ians in the
ar e a now compr i s ing t he Uni t e d S ta t e s when We s tern Europe ans arr ived abou t
By the 1890 ' s , the Ind ian popu l a t ion s tood at only 2l•O , OOO .
the year 1 500 .
Even b e for e the Repub l ic was e s tab l is hed , the Con t inen tal Congr e s s recog
In
ni zed t here shou l d b e a spe c i a l r e lat ionship b e twe en whi t e s and Ind ians .
1 7 75 the Con tinent a l Congre s s d e s ign a t ed Ind ian conmi s s ioners for thr e e areas Nor thern , Mid d le At l an t i c and Southern .
Among the f ir s t comni s s ioners wer e
B e n j amin Frank l in . and Pa trick Henry
The f ir s t Ind ian treaty was s igned wi th the D e l awar e s a t F or t Pi t t in
1 7 78 .
During the cen tury that f o l lowed , more than 400 more treat ies wer e
s igned with t h e t r ibe s .
At his
George Washing t on a l so r e cogn i zed the p l ight o f the Ind ians .
Til e s e wer e t o maintain
sugge s t ion , Congr e s s set up government trad ing po s t s .
f air pr ice s and try to d i s courage trader s from s e l l ing whi skey to the Ind ian s .
Ne i t her enge avor succeede d .
The po s t s d id succeed , however , in lur ing more and more s e t t lers in t o
l ands Ind ians had b e en gran t e d by treaty , w i t h t h e r e s u l t t h a t t h e Ind ians
Thing s go t to such a p a s s by the time o f Pre s iden t .
wer e dr iven we s tward .
Jackson ' s admin i s t r a t i on that the o ld Ind ian s ervice was created as a s eparate
burea and put under the t·Jar Depar tmen t .
Of this per iod , government histor ian s
s ay :
I t was
"Mi l i t ary means wer e increas ing l y used to r emove Ind ian groups .
dur ing t he s e t ime s that many Semino l e s d epar ted from F lorid a for land we s t of
the Mi s s i � s ippi ; and mo s t Cherokee s were dr iven across t h e moun t a ins over the
t ra i l of . tears to s e t t le in t h e Ind ian terr itor y which is now the s ta te of
\
Oklahoma . "
It be came o ff i c ial governmen t po l icy to
Thi s was on l y the beginning .
The b igg e s t succ e s s was with the
push t he Ind ians farther and far ther We s t .
f ive c ivi l i zed t r i b e s - Cheroke e , Chicka s aw , Choc taw , Cr eek and Semino le .
They wen t We s t wil l in g l y , env i s ioning an independen t and sovere ign Red nat ion .
They fought back ,
I t was a d i f ferent s tory wi t h the Plains trib e s .
br inging on t hemse lv e s unb e l i evab l e r e pr e s s ion and s laughter .
. The pub l i c out cry f inal ly forced the Army to r e l en t , and in the lat ter
Like mos t o ther
par t of the las t cen tury t he r e serva t ion sys tem evo lved .
" f inal s o lu t i on s " t o t he Indian prob l em , this one , too , b ecame the vic t im of
gqod in ten t ions gone awry .
(Cont inued on Page 1 3 )
• • • •
• • • •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• • • •
�' 13 )
( Cont inued from Page 1 2 )
the Congr e s s pas s ed the Gener al A l l otmen t La.": 7 , wh i r '- T'.... -- � - - : "." • .
f or d ivid ing re serva t ion l and s among the ind ividual Irn.:i. lan s .
I t . . . . . s:.qpo 3 e d
to be a f ir s t s tep toward s a s s im i l a t ion .
The pr ac t i ca l r e su l t wa s l o s s or
l and b y many Ind i ans for pal t ry paymen t .
The Ind ian had the freedom t o se l l
n
hi s
1 88 7 ,
land ,
bu t no t . the edu c a t ion t o r e a l i ze t he f o l l y o f such s a l e .
took Congr e s s almos t 50 year s - un t i l 1 9 34 - to s top t he a l l o tmen t
pr o c e dure and t o prohib i t unre s tr i c t e d s a l e o f Ind ian lands .
Tha t year a l s o
Congr e s s au t hor i ze d t r ib a l s e l f -government and began to encour age tr ibal
It
e conomic s e l f -suf f ic ien cy .
Bu t the pr ob lems cre � t e d by the l and a l l o tmen t
Many In d i an s who were a l lo t t e d lands d id no t ob t a in fu l l
The r e su l t : many trac t s ar e t i ed u p i n t he cour t s .
s y s t em r ema in .
f e e t i t le .
In 1 946 , Congr e s s cr e a t e d t he Ind ian C l a ims Commi s s ion and charg ed i t
w i t h hear ing c la ims again s t t he feder a l governmen t .
Under the law , 5 9 1
s epara t e c la ims wer e f i le d b e fore the deadl ine .
So far , more than 2 2 5 have
b e e n d e c id e d .
More than 130 o ther s were d i smi s s e d and more than 9() have
have pr o duce d award s to t a l l ing more t han $ 200 mi l l ion .
The l arge s t c la im
to d a t e - $ 29 . 1 mi l l ion - l-1 en t to t he Ca l i forn i a Ind ian s .
Of the t o t a l Ind ian popu lat ion , t he b ure au of Ind i a� Affairs has j ur i s
d i c t ion over abou t 400 , 000 .
I t does no t a s sume r e spon s ib i l i t y for t h e o ther
200 , 000 , who for the mo s t par t l ive away from re serva t ions (or on S ta te r e s er -
va t i on s ,
such a s t ho se i n Maine - Ed . ) . . .
·
·
Admini s t r a t ion of t ho s e i t d o e s have under i t s wing is s ome t ime s nigh t
mar i sh .
The Bur e au recogn i ze s , and h a s to deal w i t h , 784 tribe s , b ands ,
gr oup s or commun i t i e s • • • •
(From the Por t l and Sunday Te l egram ,
10/ 2 2/ 6 7 )
$ 1 , 000 A HEAD FOR SCALPS
(A
r e c e n t s t ory in the
by Mr .
Por t l and Pr e s s Her a l d ' s d a i l y co lumn by F r e d Humi s ton
f o l lowing l e t ter from M .
r e su l te d i n the
L.
Hea l d o f Sou th Por t l and ,
and comme n t
Humi s t on - Ed . )
" Sever a l days ago I r e ad your ar t ic l e
• • •
ab out
the pe op le o f Maine b e ing
inter e s t ed in the a t trac t ive boun ty paid for Ind i an s c a lp s .
o n l y the m e n o f Maine ,
b u t t h e men o f · Hew Hamp shire .
four t h great - grand father ,
Hh i tney and R e e d .
Ma j or Ephr aim He a ld ,
They wen t
the Andr o s coggin ,
from Duns tab le
We l l ,
and two ot her men by name o f
to the S a co River and then c e t o
f or t h e purpo s e o f ob taining Ind ian s c a l p s , - for every o n e o f
whi ch a pr i ze or boun ty o f
$ 1 , 000 h a s b e e n o f fered b y o u r governmen t . "
" I t make s qu i t e a s t or y a s r e c orded in the Hi s t or y o f Temp l e ,
l i shed in
Hea l d )
1860 , o f whi ch I have a copy
coming
•
•
to a p l a c e on the Kennebec
•
(now Concord , Maine )
He a ld
corr e c t in h i s
is
(Ephr a im
to e s tab l i s h
•
•
s t a temen t that Mainer s were no t
fron t ier smen in tere s t e d in boun ty or s c a l p hun t ing .
pub
N . H. ,
There i s a l s o a s tory of hi s
a t rading po s t , a n d o f a f ig h t w i t h a "bad" Ind i an named Susup •
Mr .
it was n o t
T o b e spe c i f i c , my
•
"
the on ly
Near ly a l l the �ng l i s h
Ame r i c an c o l on ia l governmen t s p a i d a bounty o n Indian s ca l p s , even i n t ime s
o f peace .
Mainer s , however , wer e the r e a l pr o fe s s iona l s in the "bu s i ne s s 1 1
and more succe s s fu l f or a number o f r e a s ons ; the Ma s s achu s e t t s governmen t
'
paid a higher premium on " pr ime pe l t s " - 200 Eng l i s h pound s , or ab out $ 1 , 000
in l a t er -day money .
Fur thermor e ,
hun t ing wer e exper t woodsmen ,
near ly all
Pe a c e fu l or f r iend l y Ind i an s o ff e r ed
marke t ,
peace
as we l l as
treat i e s •
•
•
•
the Mainers who wen t i n t o s c a lp
and many had been r anger s ,
or were s t i l l .
a r e ady s ource o f supply f or t he
innocen t s who b e l ieved t h a t a l l whi t e men wou ld honor
•
(From the Por t l and Sunday Te l egram ,
1 0 / 2 2/ 6 7�
the
And s t i l l p e o p l e a c t
surpr i s ed that the Ind ian s o f Maine ar e s omewhat c au tious abou t the inter e s t s
and in ten t ions o f non - Ind i an s toward thems e lve s !
- Ed . )
�(14 )
INDIAN YOUTH COUN CIL COM.'1 15SIONS
18-MONTH STU DY OF INDIAN EDUCATIO�
NEW YORK - Th e acute problems of the s ch oo l s s e rvi ng Indi ans in th e
have pro1�1pt ed t he National Indian Youth Council
study of Indian educ at io n .
The
study,
( NIYC )
U .S.
to coIJJlli s s ion an lB-nont.h
to be direct ed by Dr .
Glen P. Nlimi cht
of t he Far We st Laboratory for Educational Re s ea rch and Development, Berkeley,
Cal i forni a , will be financed by a grant of $9 5 , 000 announced by Carnegie Corpor
ation of New Yor k , th e educ ati o nal fo undati on .
Ac cordi ng to Alan Pi'fe r, pr e s i d ent of th e fo undation, 11.American Ind ians
are anong the l Jo st di sadvant aged nemb e rs of our s o c i ety, and, b e caus e they live
in iso lat ed are a s , prob ab ly the mo st ne arly invi sible of th e di sadvar,itaged .
S c hoo l s se rving Indi ans o ft en face s t aggering probl eri. s - small size and i so lat ion ,
ob solete curri cula refle cting a lack o f und e r standing of the Indian tribal
coT"ll!lu nity,
freque ntly the need to teach Engl i s h as a s e cond language , poo rly
traine d t ea ch er s and poorly laotivated student s ,
riation s . "
Melvin D .
Thom,
a nd uneven co ngr es sional approp
executive dire cto r o f N IYC, pointed out that thi s will b e
_
the f i rst fo .rnal attenpt by the Indians t h em s elves to mp rove t heir own education
and tha t h e exp e ct s th e findings to have far- reaching inplic ation s .
Dr .
N:iJn.ni c ht ,
i n clo s e co ope ration with local Indian peopl e , plans fi rst
to co nduct a d eta iled i nv e stigation at 10 care fully selected
from Ala ska to New Mexi c o .
s choo l s ,
The
s c hools fo r Indi ans
sele ction include s re s ervation and boarding
as well as state-run and locally-contro lled s c hoo l s .
admini st rative and deci sion-making pro c e s s e s ,
student achievement , th e dro pout problem,
He will analyze
curricula , and teaching metho d s ,
the attitude s o f the people,
including
stud ents, toward educ ation and toward the schoo l, and th e relationship of Indian
corrnnuniti e s to th e Ameri c an t e chnologi cal so ci ety .
A s e cond phas e of th e s tudy will be
oo lle ction of d ata fron th e U . S .
Bureau of Indian Affair s , s t ate departm ent s o f education, a nd_ o t her so ur c e s , to
provi de an over-view of Ind i an educat io n .
The study will also employ que stion
aire s to c o lle ct general infornlation about th e organi z ation,
curri cula ,
siz e s
o f s ch oo l s and the populatio ns served by diffe rent typ es o f s chools that U . S .
Ind i ans at tend .
Finally, Dr . N:iJmi cht and hi s staff will us e all th e data to formulate
sp e c i f i c que sti ons to be an swered through vi sit s , obs ervations and int ervi ews
at a care fu l ly cho s en samp l e of schoo l s .
The who le s tudy, he beli eve s , will
yield a c ompr ehensive r epo rt on the current state of Indi a n edu cation,
plus
a
series of r e comm e ndations for improvement .
The National Indi an Youth Counc i l , fo unded in 19 61 , is compo s ed primarily
Ind i ans 'Who ha ve maintained ti e s with th ei r Indi an communit i e s and
It i s co nc erned principal:f"
repre sent a wi d e cro s s - s e ction o f tribal groups .
i sh ing a tradition of Indi an edu c ation that will r ela te si gni fi c antly
wi th e s tabl
rig
of you
to the needs of the
( Frora
Ind i an people • • • •
The N�vajo True s, 10 19 67
/ /
)
PASSAMAQUODDY STUDENT GAINS HONOR IN NEW MEXICO
s:'.) n of Mr s . Mary Gabriel, of Bangor and Indian Township,
was re
a se cond-year student at the Santa Fe Institut e of Ameri c an Indi an Art,
Drumb e at s , the
cently ele c t ed Pre s id e nt of the Institut e ' s Student S enat e .
Roger Gabriel,
on October 2 6 th _ reported :
Gabrie l was ele c t ed Pre sident of the Student Senat e as student s
"Roger
At the campaign sp e e ch a s s embly Roger made it
went to th e polls October 17th .
e would wo rk hard toward an e ffective Student Senate .
clear to all stud e nt s that h
e s tudent s
He promi sed to wo rk toward o pe ning the student c ant een and charged th
A picture a c compani ed the story.
."
to ac c ep t any privil ege s gained respons ibly
s c hoo�s newspap er,
�( 5)
·
S E l TENCED AT MACHIAS
MAC HIAS (AP) - Murr ay P . Emery , 6 3 , of Eas tport , found gui l t,- 0_ Cc tor, er
25 of a s s au l t wi th inten t to ki l l a deputy sher i ff , was sentenced We d n e s d ay
t o s erve from one to f ive years in the Maine S ta te Pr i son at Thoma s ton .
Superior Cour t Jus t ice Jame s P . Ar chibald , whi l e dec lar ing the sen tence ,
Murray ' s court -appoin ted a t torney ,
denied a mo t ion for acqu i t ta l in the cas e .
Don C . G e l ler s of E a s t por t , f i l ed an appea l of the sentence to the Supreme
Judi c i a l Cour t fo l lowing Jus t ice Archibald ' s rul ing .
Bai l was r e s e t at the s ame amoun t of $ 5 , 000 in real e s ta t e sure t ie s as
it had b e en at the t ime of the j ury verd i c t , and Emery wa s r e l eased We dne s day
night when his emp l oyer , Vance Hea ley of Eas tport , prov ided t he amoun t .
As a r e s u l t o f We dne sday ' s he ar ing pr ior to s en tenc ing , Emery wi l l appear
at an 1 1 a . m . hear ing Thur sday to determine whe ther or no t he is indigent .
If f ound indigen t , as treated in the thr ee- day trial end ing Oc tob er 25 , he
wi l l be en t i t led to free cour t co s t s .
Hol ever , if found non- ind igen t , and
if he s t i l l wi she s t o carry ou t his appe a l to the Supreme Jud i c i a l Cour t , he
wi l l be faced wi th pay ing appeal co s t s , ac cording to G e l ler s .
Emery had been charged wi t h a s s au l t wi th inten t to ki l l Deputy Sher i f f
George Mi t che l l o f Calais dur ing the ear ly morning hour s of September 10 , a t
Eas t por t .
(From the Kennebe c Journ a l , 1 1 / 2 / 6 7 ) ( S ee s tory on Page 1 7 , this i s sue . )
COLONEL JOHN ALLAN
by John Franc i s Sprague
Co lone l John A l lan of Revolutionary fame , and who wa s e s pe c ia l ly prominen t
dur ing that per iod i n Eas tern Ma ine , de serve s much grea t er ment ion and con
s iderat ion than h i s t or ian s have ever b e s t owed upon him .
Thi s s e eming neg l ec t o f on e who i s en t i t l ed to much honor i s eas i ly
ac coun ted for .
Hi s po s i t ion under Gener a l -lashing ton as Supe r in tendent
o f the Ind ians o f Eas t ern Maine did no t br ing him into t he l ime l ight o f tho s e
t ime s , a l t hough his du t i e s were arduous and required ski l l , execut ive ab i l i ty ,
keen fore s ight and s agac i ty , which a t t r ibu t e s he pos s e s sed to a marked degree
John A l lan wa s the e ld e s t s on o f Wi l l iam Al lan , one of t he ear l i e s t
s e t t l er s o f Ha l i fax , Nova S co t ia , and was born i n Ed inburgh Ca s t l e , S co t land ,
January 3 , 1 746
From his father ' s domain John ac quired a farm of 348 acr e s
s i tuated i n t h e coun t ie s of Cumb e r l and and We s tmore land
Like a l l of t he
peop le of Canada and the provin c e s he had from the f ir s t taken a l ive l y intere s t
i n t he s tr i f e and con ten t ions which Gre at B r i tain was engaged i n wi th her
Amer i can co l on i e s and his sympathi e s were ent ire ly with the we s t ern c o l on i s t s
i n the ir e ffor t s t o obt ain j u s t i ce f rom the Crown and h e open ly and fear le s s ly
e s pous ed the ir cause
ThEn the provin c i a l government began to lay their p lan�
to appre hend him for tre ason t o t he king .
When he l e arned this and a f t er
b e coming conv inced tha t h i s l ife wa s in danger he re s o lved to make h i s e scape
from the prov ince and cas t his lot �vi th the co lon ie s , · which he did Augus t 3 ,
1 7 7 6 , arr iving a t Pas s ama quoddy on the e l eventh day o f Augus t , and enter ing
Machias Bay thre e day s l a ter .
Previou s to h i s depar ture he had v i s ited t he Mi c-Mac Indians which was
a lar ge and power fu l tribe that dominated t he Nova Sco t ia t erri tory .
The s e
Ind ians h a d f o r a long t ime b e en under t h e influence and teachings o f t h e
Je su i t s .
The ir kindne s s toward and f a ir treatment o f them had made the Ind ian s
the natural a l l ie s of the French ; they had emb raced t he Ca tho l i c r e l ig ion ,
and whi le e n t e r taining great a f f e c t ion for them they looked upon the Eng l i sh
as int rud er s in the ir country .
I t eviden t l_y occured t o Al lan tha t he cou ld
for the s e r easons induce them to e s pouse the cau s e o f the colon i s t s aga ins t
( Con t inued on Page 1 6 )
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(Con t inued from Page 1 5 )
the h e'. ':ed Eng l i s h .
In this a t temp t h e was succe s s fu l e n d i � � en h,... ; ..., ; : r � ' fc
�ar, 3amaquoddy s ever l o f the s e Ind ians ac compan ie g him .
Dur ing the mon th of t he f o l l owing Oc tober / s � iled from Mac hias
and ·1a s
r e c e ived by Congr e s s ( in B a l t imor e ) on the 4 t h of January , and gave them a
fu l l s t a t emen t of ma t t er s in the province s .
He was s oon af t er appoin ted
Super int e nden t of the Eas tern Ind ians and Co lone l of Infantry , and having
r e c e ived h i s in s truct ions from Honorab l e John Hanc ock , he l e f t Ba l t imore on
t he 1 7th
After Co lone l A l l an ' s r e turn from his v i s i t to Congre s s , and his in ter
view wi t h (Gener a l ) Washing ton , he r emained in Bos ton about thr e e mon ths ,
urg ing upon the memb e r s of the counci l the n e ce s s ity of pro t e c t ion to the
e a s t er n par t of Maine , as we l l as the gre at advan tage to the country of taking
po s se s s ion of the we s t ern par t of Nova S c o t i a
Bu t above al l he repr e s en ted
the cond i t ion of the Indians there and the ab s o lu t e need of conc i l iat ing
and as s i s t i ng them by e s t ab l i shing truck-hous e s to furn ish them with the ar t ic le s
they s o much needed
(On ) June 5 , 1 7 7 7 , the Counci l of Ma s s achus e t t s Bay ( i s sued Mr . Al lan)
an appo in tmen t as Co l one l to command the Ind ians in the Eas t ern par t s o f Maine
as fo l lows :
R e s o lved that John Al lan , E s q . b e and hereby is appo in ted
Co lone l to Command t he Ind ians in the Eas t ern par t s of this
S ta t e and the Coun c i l i s her eby dir e c t ed t o Commi s s iona t e him
ac cord ing ly .
And i t is fur ther Re s o lved t hat John Al lan , E s q .
b e & he hereby i s aut hor i zed to take in to the s ervi ce and pay
of thi s S ta t e Such and so many of the Ea s t ern Ind ians as he
s ha l l be ab le to procure & think proper
Co lone l Al lan. wa s appo inted and commi s s ioned t o take charge of what is
known in hi s t ory as the S t . John Expe d i t ion .
He l e f t Machias in June o f
t h a t ye ar and re turned t h e lat ter par t of the fol lowing Augu s t .
Th e ne t
re su l t o f this movemen t was the ob taining of much va luab le informat ion and
e s t ab l i shing to a gr eat ext e n t fr i endly re lations wi th the Ind ian tr ibe s ,
whi ch l a s t e d un t i l the c l o s e o f the Revo lut ion .
The va lue of Co lone l A l l an ' s
servi c e s in t h i s r e spe c t and thr oughout the 'var , in maint aining peace with
t he E a s tern Indians and of ten s e cur ing them a s our a l l ie s , can never be fu l ly
e s t imate d .
He was , b o t h by temperamen t and ab i l i ty , eminen t ly we l l quali fied for
- su�h a s ervi ce .
Then the E a s t ern Indians , having for generat ion s b e en under
t he tu torage of the Je sui t s , had probab l y not �cquired such an · intense hatred
for a l l whi t e men as had t ho s e of we s t ern Maine and o ther par t s o f New Eng l and .
They did no t r egard them co l l e c t ive ly as their common enemy , bu t did d i s tru s t
t h e Eng l i sh and be l ieved that they had general ly wronged and cheated them
and wer e de s ir ou s of r evenge .
Such cond i t ion s as the s e of cour s e made Co lone l
Al lan ' s t ask far e a s i er than i t migh t have been had he f i l led a s imi lar po s i t ion
we s t o f the Kennebe c .
When he re turn e d t o Machias from t he S t . John river he brought with
him a l arge number of Ind ian war rior s wi th the ir fami l i e s who remained true
to the Amer i can s as long as ho s t i l i t i e s con t inued .
( To be con t inued nex t mon th)
( Th i s accoun t i s taken from Vo lume 2, Number 5 , o f " Sprague ' s Journal of Mainer
Hi s t ory , � ' pub l i shed in F ebruar y , 1 9 1 5 , by John Fran c i s Sprague of Dover , Me .
The s ame i s sue c on tains the fo l lowing informa t ion : 1 1 In 1 8 26 Maine had t hr e e
Indian Agen t s , Samue l Hus s ey of Por t land , Samue l Cal l of Bangor , and Pe ter
Gou lding o f Perry . 1 1 - E d . )
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IlID IGENCY DECREE T O EE GRANTED EASTPORT MAtl
MACHIAS - Ju s t ic e Jame s P . Archiba ld ruled in Washing ton Cc u�1 '-.: , Su:erior
Cour t her e Thur sday that 63-year-o ld Murray P . Emery - sen tenced We dne sday
to s erve one to f ive year s in the s tate pr i son at Thomas ton for as saul t w i th
intent to ki l l a deputy sher i f f - would be granted a decr e e of indig ency
Jus t ice Archibald rµled Thursday that Emery ' s pre l iminary transcript
o f the case wi l l be provid ed a t no co s t to him, but he wou ld have to pay his
own a t t orney ' s fees
The defense r e c ommended Emery b e plac e d on probat ion ; spec ial As s i s tan t
At torney Gener a l Freder i ck Hard o f Add i s on and Machias s tated i n e ff e c t that
prob a t ion may be inc luded in the s en tence .
Probat ion Of f i cer Jo seph Inga l l s
s a id t hat Murray may be a good probat ioner , bu t· ind i ca t ed that the cr ime was
a ser i ous one , and said he cou ld no t commi t hims e l f on a sugge s ted sen t ence
(F rom t- he Bangor D a i ly News , 1 1 / 3 / 6 7 )
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HOU LONG FOR rIAINE ' S INDIANS ?
by Pe ter H . Cox
S even years ago , I was s i t t ing on a por ch in Wood land , a paper produc ing
communi ty in Nor thern Maine .
The s e t t ing was somehow Sou thern ; the o ld home
which had been conver ted in to a un ion ha l l had a l arge _ veranda and the men wer e
s i t t ing around dr inking be fore lun ch .
The even t was the annua l Labor Day c e l ebrat ion and I was trave l ing as
an a s s i s t an t to former Congre s sman Fr ank M . Coffin , then running for Governor .
Sudden ly an une asy s i l ence r ippled over the porch ; t he men began to
whi s per t o each o ther and some laughed .
The cause of this react ion was a
sma l l , s tooped figure wa lking s lm·1 ly acr o s s the l awn .
Hi s c l o the s were i l l
f i t t ing bu t c le an .
A s he came c l o s er , I could s ee h i s sun-wr inkled fac e .
He
was an Ind ian .
He s topped at the foo t of the s t eps and as�ed in a bar e ly aud ib le vo ice ,
" I s the Congre s sman her e ? ' "
One of the men , dr ink in hand , rose from his
chair and said f irmly , "Ye s , bu t he ' s busy .
You can ' t s e e him now . 1 1
The
Ind i an looked up and then l ower ed his head .
" I ' l l wai t , 1 1 he said .
" I ' ve
come a long way . "
'nie compar i s on wa s obvious .
I had s e en the same humi l i ty , the same
appar en t sub s ervience in Nor th Car o l ina when a Negro had come to t he door to
ask for some one ins ide .
He wou ld not dar e en ter wi thout permi s s ion and the
way h e wa s tre a t ed exuded cond ecen s ion .
I u i e dy wen t in s ide where I found the Congre s sman t a lking wi th some of
t he o f f i c i a l s who wou ld b e on the p latform wi th him dur ing the ceremon i e s .
1hen I told him there wa s an Ind ian out s ide who had come a l ong way to s e e him,
Congre s sman Coffin imme d i at e ly excused hims e l f and wen t out s ide to see the man ,
to t he obvious d i s comfor t of some on the porch .
The two had a l ong , pr iva te conve r s a t ion and I learned l a t er that the
Ind ian had been a d i f fe r e n t pe r s on than the one he s e emed to be when he appeared
at the s teps .
He had g iven an impas s ioned plea tha t the cand idate vi s i t
h i s r e s ervat ion near Eas tpor t and s e e t he deplorab le condit ions tha t ex i s ted
--there .
Coffin had agre e d , and we wen t there the nex t day .
What we s aw at the r e s ervat ion was , o f cour s e , shocking .
Their sub
s t andard l iv ing cond i t ion s ·were on l y a symptom of the o f f i c i a l neg l e c t which
has p lagued them for year s .
In r e cent mon ths there have been s ever a l major s tor i e s about abus e o f
Maine ' s Ind ian s , again making an obvious compar i s on wi th Negrpe s i n the Sou th .
The o ld Indian at Wood land was much l ike the o ld Negro of the Sout h .
The
que s t ion remains whe ther the fai lure of h i s type of plea wi l l fai l as i t d id
for so many year s in the Sou th .
(Con t inued on Page 18)
�( 18 )
( C H tinue <l from PC}g e 1 7 )
Seve r a l nat ion a l mag a z ine s have pub l i shed ar t i c l e s de � l or i n � the t x e a t e n t
o f t h e 1'1a.ine Ind ian s , bu t t h e on ly cons i s ten t s t a t e co·rern ..: 1 • • •
� n · - .:.L ,... �
P i l l i am H . Wi l l iams on for the Ganne t t paper s .
Even h i s o<ie -man j . -.i rna l i s t J. c
crus ade t o forcus pub l i c a t t en t ion on the p l i ght o f the Ind ian s has l e f t
many con fu s e d abou t ex ac t ly what i s happen ing .
The a t t i t ud e of the e s t ab l i shmen t toward Ind ians in Ma ine is a dir e c t
af fron t t o t h e i r human i ty .
The le g i s l a t or s have the crue l ty t o r a i s e a l l
s a l a� i e s b u t tho s e o f Indian l eg i s l a t or s , who ar e not even a l lowed to vo t e .
Reac t ing to s e r ious char g e s again s t the S ta t e Po l i c e of vio l a t ion o f
c iv i l l iber t ie s and bru t a l i t y again s t the Ind i an s , the Governor c a l l s for
an inve s t iga t ion .
But to make hi s ge s ture t o t a l ly ho l low , he has the S ta t e
Po l i c e ,
t he accu s e d , under take t h e inve s t ig a t ion .
The ma j or news s erv i c e in t he s ta t e d o e s no t even cover the l at e s t c a s e
0£ a l l e g e d mi s tre atme n t of the Ind i an s .
I t d o e s no t t h i n k i t i s newswor thy .
D on G e l l er s , t he a t t orney who h a s b e en f i gh t ing for the Ind i an s , i s
c a l l ed a s e l f - s e ek ing pub l i c i ty s e eker b y people who canno t b e l ieve h e wan t s
t o he lp t h e Ind ians j u s t b e c au s e h e thinks i t i s r igh t .
,
Commi s s i oner of Ind ian A f f a i r s Edward Hin ckley is now r e por t e d to b e
a s king t h a t Ge l l er s b e t aken o f f a ma j or c a s e h e i s prepar ing for t h e Ind ian s .
Hin c k l ey h a s had a good r e c ord in h i s genu ine i n t er e s t for t he we l fare o f
Ma ine ' s Ind i an s .
Why d id he a s k Ge l l er s b e taken o f f the c a s e ?
Did he
fe e l t h a t t h e r e i s s o much animo s i t y again s t G e l ler s a s the ou t s poken a t torney ,
· s o c on s t an t ly c a l l ing a t tent i on to abu s e s ,
the c a s e wou ld on ly h u r t
its
chanc e s ?
t hat h i s con t inue d a s s o c i a t ion w i t h
Doe s he que s t ion Ge l l er s '
Ha s pr e s s ur e pu t o n him from above to ge t Ge l le r s ou t o f t he c a s e ?
know .
I t i s s t i l l an e a s y mat t er to abu s e t he Ind ian s .
integr i t y ?
I d on ' t
They ar e ke p t wi thout
e f f e c t ive po l i t i c a l vo i c e and they mu s t r e l y on the gener o s i ty o f the people
of Main e , mo s t o f whom ar e s t i l l unawar e o f t he ir mi s tr e a tmen t .
How long
w i l l t h e ir pr o t e s t remain so mu t e d ?
How l ong w i l l i t be b e fore they turn
mi l i t an t , mar ch on Augu s t a and br ing the c iv i l r igh t s confron t a t ion t o Maine ?
(From t he Brun swi c k Time s -R e cor d ,
1 1 / 2/ 6 7 )
GOVERNOR TO CONTINUE INDIAN CASE PROBE
by Ken t Ward
AUGU S TA - Gov .
Kenn e th M.
Cur t i s promi s e d Wedn e s day h i s o ff i c e has no
in t e n t ion of dropp ing an admin i s tr a t ive inve s t i g a t i on by s t a t e po l i c e in t o
a l leged mi s c ondu c t by s t a t e troope r s in a n a l t e r c a t ion with Pa s s amaquoddy
Ind ians at
the
Pl ea s an t Po in t Ind ian R e s erva t ion ,
Perry ,
over the Labor Day
we ekend .
Bu t ,
t he c h i e f exe c u t ive s a id ,
t he inve s t ig a t ion to da t e " ha s not uncove't"
e d any s er ious wrong-do ing " on the par t o f po l i c e o f f i �er s on the night in
que s t ion .
S t a t e Po l i ce Chie f ,
Col .
Parker K .
Henne s s ey ,
We dne s day on t he s t a t u s o f the inve s t iga t ion ,
in conn e c t ion wi t h the inc iden t are pend ing ,
very qu ie tty" w i t h t he prob e for t he
,
The inve s t igat ion was
r�por t e d to the governor
but b e c au s e cour t proceedings
the s ta t e intends t o " c on t inue
time be ing ,
Cur t i s s ai d .
launched a f ter a d i smi s s e d Job Cor p s emp l oyee
char g e d that s t a t e p o l i c e wer e bru t a l in t he ir con t a c t wi th s everal Indian s
af t e � a n a l t er c a t ion t o ok p l ac e when a t rooper charged o n e o f the par ty w i t h
a mo t o r veh i c l e v i o l a t i on .
The comp l aint
to Gov .
troop e r s i l l eg a l l y en t e r e d an Ind ian r e s idence •
(From t he B angor D a i ly Neur s ,
1 0 / 26 / 6 7 )
• • • •
Cur t i s a l s o s a id t he
�(19)
IND IAN AFF AIR S DEPAH.TMENT RECRUITING Fon
NEWLY-AUTHORIZED POS I TION
IN CALAI S F I ELD OFF I CE
As de s cr ibed on Page 16 of the Oc tob er i s sue of the Neus l e t ter , the
r e c en t s pe c i a l l eg i s l a t ive s e s s ion aut hor i zed thr ee new po s i t ion s t o t he Depa r t
men t o f Ind ian A f f a i r s , e f f e c t ive January 1 , 1 9 68 .
One of the s e wa s f o r a
S o c i a l Worker for the Ca l a i s f i e ld o f f i ce o f the Depar tment , to work w i t h
memb er s on b o t h Pas s ama quoddy R e s erva t ions .
F o l lowing i s t he Depar tment of Pers onne l ' s o f f i c ia l announcemen t of t h i s
up - coming vacancy :
1 1 cAn.
EER OPPORTIB1ITIES
.
IN NA I NE . S TATE SERVICE - AN EQUAL OPPORTUNi lY EMPLOYER
Ma ine S t a t e D epar tme n t of Per sonne l
Augu s t a , �m ine
D a t e I s sued :
Novemb e r 1 3 ,
1967
04 3 3 0
D a t e C l o s ing :
January 1 2 ,
1968
VACANCY ANNOUNCENENT
SOCIAL HORI<ER I I
(Depar tmen t of Ind ian A f fair s )
$ 1 0 9 . 00 - l ll� . so- 1 20 . 00- 1 2 6 . 00- 1 3 2 . 50 /wk .
KU.in OF WORK :
Thi s i s comp l ex s o c i a l work i:n providing a var i e t y of serv i c e s
t o qua l i f i ed re s ide n t s o f the two Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ian R e s e rva t ions in Washington
Coun t y , Ma ine , f or the S t a t e D epar tmen t o f Ind ian A f fair s .
An emp loyee in
t h i s c l a s s has t he r e spon s ib i l i ty for carry ing a spe c i a l or gener a l c a s e l oad
'H i t h fu l l author i t y for d e c i s ion making and au thor i zat ion of ava i lab le S t a t e
fund s ,
sub j e c t
to sys tema t i c r ev i ew b y a super ior .
i n i t i a l and cont inuing e l ig ib i l i t y for s ervice s ,
and
for d e t ermin ing
the
Work inc lud e s de termining
for prov i d ing
the s ervice s ,
type and ex t en t of car e and / or a s s i s t an c e needed by
indiv idual s or fami l i e s .
An emp loyee in t h i s c l a s s may a l s o prepare c l ien t s
for and make nece s s ar y arrangemen t s for r e f er r a l to o ther agenc i e s as needed ,
d e s i r e d and appr opr iat e , u t i l i z ing a l l avai lab le pr iva t e and pub l i c r e source s .
Ab i l i t y to exp l a in D epar tme n t a l po l i c i e s and programs t o t he serv i c e popu l a t ion
i s e s s en t ia l .
1ork is per i odica l ly r eviewe d by a super i or and c lo s e superv i s i on
is g iven only �i th r e s pe c t
CUALlrF ICATI ONS :
to hand l ing unu sual prob lem s i tua t i ons .
Two ye ar s exper ience as
a
S o c i a l Worker ;
an a c cr e d i t e d f our -year co l l e ge or univer s i ty . .
t h e avai lab i l i ty o f a car � ar e e s s e n t i a l .
S PECIAL INFORMATION TO CAND IDATES :
e s p e c i a l ly inv i t e d to app l y .
PURPOSE OF EXA lINATI ON :
and gradua t ion from
Ab i l i ty to dr ive a c ar and
App l i can t s wi th b i -cul tural exper ience ar e
To provide an oppor tuni ty for �u a l i f ied cand id a t e s
t o compe t e f or a n ex i s t ing vacancy wi t h in t he De par tmen t o f Ind ian Affair s .
APPLI CAt!TS HAVING ALREADY qUALIFIED FOR THE CLAS S IF I CATION OF SOCIAL WORKER I I
UNDER BULLE TI N ./ftl 3 14A NEED NOT- RE-APPLY .
!!QI
CLOS ING OF THIS ANNOUNCE MEHT
EFF ECT BULLETIN # 1 3 14A . ---
�
Reg i s t er s wi l l be e s t ab l i s he d on an Open Compe t i t ive and Promo t ional ba s i s .
/
App l i c a t ions s hou ld be f orward e d to the Maine S t a t e D epar tme n t of Per s onne l ,
S t a t e Of f i ce Bui ld ing , Augu s t a , Maine
04 3 3 0 .
MAUJE S TA TE RES IDENCE REC'UIREMEHTS ARE WAIVED FOR THI S POS I TION . "
�( 20 )
INVESTIGATION HINGES O N FORMAL COMPLAINT
Governor John Mi tche l l o f the Penob s c o t Indian Re s erva tion t c. :i.d ll1e
Time s Monday : " I have a ske d the S tate A t torney Gener a l to inve s t igate the
Old Town Po l i ce De par tmen t ' s handling . of the Bruce Lor ing ca s e . 1 1
The At torney Gener a l , James S . Erwin , said 7ednesday h i s o f f ice had
r e c e ived a no te from Edward c . Hinckley , Commi s s ioner of Indian Affair s , regard
ing the Lor ing inc iden t , but had no t ye t r e c e ived a formal comp l a in t .
Commi s s ioner Hinckley t o l d The Time s he had conveyed t o the Attorney
Genera l the r e que s t of Governor � tche l l for an inve s t igat ion of the inc iden t ,
d
but had no t made a f orma l comp l a in t .
He said he had t o l d Governor Mi tche l l
t h a t t h e At torney General wou ld prob ab ly r e qu ire a ' formal complaint from the
Ind i an G overnor hims e l f rather than through the Ind ian Affairs depar tmen t .
The A t t orney General said he �·Ti l l inv i te Governor Mi t che l l to come to
Augu s ta to talk with his cr iminal inve s t igat ion divis i on , and that if the Ind ian
Governor wi s he s to lodge a forma l complaint , an inve s t iga t ion w i l l be made .
Bruce Lor ing appear e d in D i s tr i c t Court in B angor on Oc tober 16 , on two
charges brought by L t . Clyd e Le clair : an al leged a s s aul t on a po l i ce o f f i cer ,
and driving to endanger .
Both charge s were con t inued to October 24 , at
wh i ch t ime Loring p l eaded gui l ty and paid $ 50 on the dr iving charge .
The
o ther charge wa s cont inued to Oc tober 26 and was then d i smi s s e d .
(From The Penob s co t Time s , O l d Town , 1 1 / 2/ 6 7 )
GOVERNOR RE PORTS PROGRE S S I N IND IAN HOUS ING , SANITATION
AUGUS TA (AP) - Governor Cur t i s repor ted Thur s day that an impor tan t
s tar t ha s b e en made i n br inging b e t ter s an i t a t ion and hou s ing t o Maine ' s
thr e e Ind ian r e s ervat ion s .
The program , impl emen ted by au thor i z ing l eg i s l a t ion and a $ 304 , 800
appropr iat ion for the s ta te ' s share of the co s t at the October 2 - 3 s pe c i a l
s e s s ion , i s proceeding on s chedu l e , according to t h e governor .
He s aid app l ic a t ions have b e en f i led with the F armer s Home Admini s trat ion
for federal a id to bui ld s ewer sys tems and new or ex tended wa ter supply
sys tems .
On the Penob s c o t Re s erva t ion in Old Town , the Tr ib a l Hous ing Au thor
i ty was appoin t e d and took o f f ice Oc tober 8th .
At the Pas s amaquodd i e s ' Pleasan t Point Res erva t ion a hous ing author i ty
bas b e en in exi s tence s in c e S ep t ember 2 5 t h .
And t he appoin tmen t of a s imi lar
author i ty has b e en d i s cu s s e d at the t r ib e ' s s econd r e s ervat ion at Prince ton .
A Penobs c o t app l ic a t ion for FHA fund s to ex tend water and s ewerage
fac i l i t ie s is awai t ing f edera l d e t ermina t ion of l egal jur i s d i c t ion b e tween
Pleas an t Point ha s f i led with F HA and the
federa l , s ta t e and l o c a l agenc ie s .
E conomic Deve lopmen t Admin i s tr a t ion (EDA) for funds to build a s ewer sys tem
and ex tend water l ine s .
The Federal Water Po l lution Con tro l Agency and EDA
have o ffered $ 1 9 , 700 toward s ewage treatmen t fac i l i t ie s .
The FHA and EDA have app l ica t ions for money to build a wa ter in take
Al l of these
and d is tr ibut ion sys t em (on the Ind ian Township Res erva tion ) .
ar e ne ce s s ary , Cur t i s s a i d , b e fore t he hous ing prob lem can b e tackled .
( Por t l and Pre s s Herald , 1 1 / 3/ 6 7)
NEW FACT S HEE T AVAILAB LE
L
The D ept . of Ind ian Affair s , w i t h the cooper a t i on of the Unive r s i ty of
Maine and the Dept . of E conomi c Deve l opme n t , has re cent ly pre pared the f ir s t
En t i t led · Ind i an s o f Maine :
in a s er ie s o f " fa c t s he e t s " about Maine Ind ians .
the four- page mimeographed pub l icat ion has s e c t ions on
Gener a l Information ,
" Prehi s to r i c Informat ion , " " Cu l tura l and Hi s tor ical Information , " and " The
Cop i e s may be ob t ained free-of-charge by wr i t ing to the Dept .
Tribe s Today . "
o f Ind ian Affair s , S ta t e House , Augu s ta , Maine 04330 .
�( 21 )
CATHOLIC DIOCESE ESTABLISHES INDIAN D IVISIO_
PORTLAND (AP) - A Divi s ion o f Indian Servi c e s , a s o ci al. servi c e pro gra.B
on Maine ' s three Indian r e s ervation, has b een e s tabli s hed by the Ronan Catho l i e
Dioc e s e of Portland .
The Dio c e san Bureau of Human Relations will a dr.1ini ster th e new di vi sim •
It will supervi s e speci al s ervi ce p rograms and r e s erva ti on p ersonnel , exc ept
for chaplains , teach ing personnel and church propertie s .
The Dio c e s e s aid Thur sday that the Mo st Rev . Pet e r L . Gerety,
adnlini s trator and coad jutor bi shop, had approved the program .
(Fro� th e Bangor Da ily News , 11/17/67 )
apo stolic
BRAZIL INDIANS Cfm;ATED
BRASILIA ( UPI ) - The governne nt asked the Brazilian Congre s s ye st erday
for a new law to safeguard Ind ians , afte r inve stigato r s c harged that high
ranking offi cial s of Brazil ' s Indian Prot ection Servi c e had cheated them o f
$4 illlli on .
A ne s s age t o t h e Congr e s s from Pre sid ent Arthur Co st a E . Silva a sked
for creation of a national Ind ian found ation to repla ce the prot e c tion service .
Three of Brazil ' s b e st known Indian autho riti e s are under arrest and the " ad
m.inistrati ve arre st " of 15 othe r s h as b een ordered fo llowing an inquiry by
the Int e rior (police ) IJ.inistry .
One of thre e men arr e st ed last weekend was Frandi s co Mierel e s , who
pacifi ed the Xavante s tribe , o ne of th e last holdouts agains t civilization, i n
the Xingu Valley of t h e .AJJ.a zon j ungl e .
A general , a colonel and a �aj or o f
the Brazilian .Arny a l s o are implic at ed .
( From th e S t . Petersburg, Fla . , 'N.rtle s , 10/25/67 )
MISCELLANEOUS NEWS
- Loretta s . Jendritza o f the Air Fo rce Academy Ho spital i s parti cularly
proud of two things .
She is a full-blooded Nava j o and r e cently was promoted
to t h e rank of r.ia j o r , the fir s t woman of h er tribe to attain thi s rank as an
Air For c e nur s e .
( Kenneb e c Journal , 9/30/67 )
- '!h e Eas tern
a ine Chapter, Maine So ci ety o f Pro fessional Eng ine er s , in
Buck sport o n Octo ber 25th , he ard a t alk by Dr . Dean R. Snow, professor of arch
aeology of the University of Mai ne .
Dr. Snow ' s top i c was "Maine Ind ians of
Prehi s to ri c Tirne s . "
( Bangor Daily N ews , 10/28/67 )
- The Portland Sunday Telegram of October 29th announced t h at Mr s . Edwin
M. Mi tchell , a metilber of th e Peno b sco t Ind i an Tribe of Ind ian Island in Old
Town , wo uld addre s s memb ers of the Franc e s Dighton Williams Chapt er, Daught er s
of the .Ameri c an Revolution, on November 3rd .
Her topic was announc ed as 11Tue
Penob s co t Irrli an Tod ay . 11
- For the first time in Canadian hi sto ry an Indian, Chi e f John Charley, 50,
leader of the Loucheaux and hunter-trapper in the Fort McPherso n area , ha s
been named a raeraber of the N orthwe s t Territori e s Council .
The counc i l , s erving
as provinci al g overnment s do e l sewhere in Canada, h ad a cquired it s fir st
Eskimo meober, Ab e Okpik, p reviously .
( Provi denc e Sunday Journal , .11/12/67 )
- Kenneth Newell, 30, o f the Ple a sant Point Indian Re servati on at Perry, was
seriously wound ed on November 2nd in a hunting ac cident on the Moo s ehorn Wild
The Newsle tter und erstands th at he is recovering suc c e s s fully .
life Refuge .
�22 )
_,.
ESKIMOS, INDIANS WIN F IREFIGHTJNG PRAISE
Fron Augus t 11 to e arly September the Stat es of Montana, Idaho , Oregon,
Washington and Cal ifo rnia were shroud e d wi th t h e smoke of i:i.any fo rest. fl re s
in one of the �o r st fi re se a so ns in hi sto ry .
I n t h e thi ok of that SP.Ioke were mor e t hah 100 Ind i an and Esk:ir.lo fire
fighting c rews from Ala ska and every Western state, in addi tion to many Indians
working .wi th pi ckup crews organi z ed just for thi s emergency.
An example of th e d iversity o f Indian-Esklino crews i s the li st of crews
proce s s ed through the Boi se, Idaho , Inter agency Fire Center.
The li st included
Papago , Pyrani d Lake Paiute, South Dak ta Sioux, Ala ska Native s , San Carlo s
Apa ches , Whit e River Apach es , Conso lidated Utes , Sho shone Band s , and North
Dakota Sioux.
There are 20 to 25 oen in each crew.
The s e c rews and nany othe r Indian t ear.is earned unanioou s prai se for ·
the ir efforts in cont aining the more than 3 , 5 0 fi re s that burned over 200,001
acres of Fede ral , Stat e and private land .
Not only did the Ind i an and E skimo
c rews turn in s a1e o f the b est work on the fire lines, they h ad the lowest
drop out r a te in what is undoubtedly one of the no st di ffi cult , eXhausting
and dirty j ob s in exi stence .
Singled out for speci a l pra i s e we re the 11 Alask an c rews fighting fires
in t h e Glacier National Park area .
Park Superintendent Kei th Neilson said
the s e teans perfo �e d a treoendous job both in fire fight ing and the mop-up
operations .
" Their enthu s i a sm, drive and i nitiative nade t heP1 th e acknowledged
p a c e setters al.I o st from the tiJ:le of the ir arrival , 11 Neilson said .
Seventy-five percent of the Alaskans had never been to the " lower 48"
be fore , and the t ri p brought many of them t he i r fir st v iew of a ho rse , a new
expe r ience with 90 d egree t empe rature s and high elevation s, and their first
ride on a p aved road
One Bureau o f Land Manageme nt o ffic ial noted that some lndi an crews had
been f ighti ng fire s for 12 years and " are more trained fo r the j ob than some
of the pr ofe s sional s . "
The se crews h av e earned a natio nal reputation as colorful and t ena cious
fir e fighters .
The y also earned c onsiderable money to improve thei r loc al
e conony and standard of living .
Thi s year, for exampl e, th e 466 Papago
fire fighters e arned about $1.40, 000.
Income on the Pine Ridge, S . D . , Re ser
vat ion from t h i s sour c e i s e stimat ed at $22�, ooo.
The to tal for all Indi an
E skirno crews will exceed $1 million .
( From Indian Re cor d , Washington, ·D . C . , November 1967 )
• • • •
IN'IERESTING CRAF T SHCP JN RHODE ISLAND
Willi am H. Glasko i s Nas Ta Bega , "Brothe r to All "
and c ertain friandly
to me et .
Hi s Longhouse ( on Route 2 in Charl estown, R . I . ) i s being sto cked
more and more with Ind ian-made produ ct s : baskets by the Iroquoi s and Algonquhs ;
beadwork and b askets from the Winnebago ; Navajo weavi ng; legend note card s
s creen printed by Mi. emac s ; coppe r and silver froo the Ind i ans around Albuquer
que ; et c .
But t here i s much her e by Nas Ta Bega himself .
Although dis couraged
by hi s f ath er when art study at th e Rhod e Isla nd School of Design was a po ssib
ility for h im , h e s till wo rk ed at art and th e craft s on hi s own .
He paints
in p a stels and pen and ink ,
make s ring s from d eer antlers
(and ) also
has intere s ti ng thing s to t ell . . .
He i s broth er to Princess Redwing, who has
mad e a study o f and l ectured on Indian hi story.
Hi s mother ' s line goes back
to Simeon Simons, a grand son of King Philip , who was bodyguard to George
Washington throughout the ent ir e Revolutionary War
( From Yankee Magazine, July 1967 )
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • • •
�Mi..IT
II DIAN imWSlE TTER
�
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Nov. 1967)
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
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1967-11
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-466
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/f6fb41865869eeda223ff6dc2ebf5366.pdf
125f9c496b7365749f85a356ab3fdb45
PDF Text
Text
TE
VOLUME 2,
NUMBER 3
October
For more than a year - since August
1967
1966 - the Maine Indian Newsletter
has been distributed free-of-charge to all interested persons.
During that
period, the cost of materials and postage has been provided by a few senerous
individuals both within and outside of Maine.
(The labor of typing, addressing,
assembling, mailing, ·etc., has been d onated by considerable numbers of people
each month.)
It is now time to begin making preparations to see if the Newsletter can
be self-supporting.
We hope that - for the past
15 months
•
its readers have
seen some value in the publication and - if they have not been completely satis
fied with it - have been able to see its potential for the future.
The Newsletter is intended to benefit Indians and non-Indians alike.
We
feel that the Tribes of Maine can profit from knowing what other Tribes are
doing, thinking and planning.
We feel our non-Indian citizens can profit from
knowing what the Tribes of Maine - and other Tribes - are accomplishing, and
what problems they are facing.
We also recognize that our non-Indian readers are very like�y to be better
off - economically and socially - than our tribal readers.
For this reason
we are hoping that they - the people not culturally fortunate enough to be
Indians - will be willing to assist us in reaching our Indian readers with as
few restrictions as possible.
In other words, we are requesting a subscription charge (effective January
1, 1968) of all non-Indian readers, so that �ndian readers, where ever they may
be, may continue to receive the Newsletter each month, free-of-charge.
We believe that if each non-Indian reader of the Newsletter will contribute
a minimum of $2.00 for a year's subscription,.Indian readers may be kept on and
added to the mailing list without charge.
Naturally, contributions from any
Indian readers will be accepted, but they will not be solicited.
donations of more than
---c>r
as supporting
$2.00
Subscription
a year from non-Indians, will also be welcomed -
contributing�
subscriptions - but will not be solicited.
The charge for subscriptions will not become effective �til January
though some.of· the funds must obviously be collected before that date.
ly, no one will be dropped from the mailing list before January.
1968,
Certain
Please turn
this page over for a detailed account of how we hope matters will proceed.
�(2)
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9..� � regardless of
-- _ :..._�. �
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THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
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SUBSCRIBE NOW
'IO
�- 3 -
E
I
D
T
MAI.N"E
THE
O
I-
R
A
S·
L
INDIAN NEdSLETTER
EDITOR - - - - BUGENIA.
( THOl'·iAS
)
THOMPS ON
(Penobscot)
The Maine Indian Nensletter is Maine's only state-Hide Indici.n
newslettGr, and is free of charge.
Ne "IS and stories may be
submitted to the Ne�1Slett2r
for publicntion
at the follo�ing address:
Pine Street
04032
865-4253)
Freeport, Haine,
(Telephone:
·I,
Letters to the Editor are welcome but must conform to the rules
required by every newspaper.
They must bear the writer's correct
name
and address although pen na�es are permitted at the discretion
held
from publication on request.
of the �ditor.
not over
350
All letters �ust
words in length.
be signed though n��es will be with
Preference �ill be
given to letters
Letttrs are subject to condensation or
editing when space lifilitations recuire and to corr�ction of gra.lllhler or
obvious errors.
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"PRIDE GOETH BEFORE A FALL"
Can you imagine a state trooper withholding evidence in court oecause
of his pride?
and from the
(See story on p-ge
17)
From what
I
have read and heard,
people I have talked to it an:iears this whole
incident
\70Uldn ,_
huve occurred if a little more courtesy had been shown on the vart of
the police officers.
Anyone, it doesn't matt0r who it is, would stop
to inquire when he sa17.)1is brother stopped by the police along the side
of the road.
It was at this
But, at any rate,
shown
point th�t the stories began to differ.
no r.au.tter which story is true, if the !;olice had
just plain courtesy, if not collli'ilon sense, it is quite evident
the later develoLments could have Deen prrivanted.
:erheps it w�s pride.
After giving testimony in court, the trooper's superior revealed thct
because of his pride, the trooper=had not st�ted the entire truth in
court.
The truth of the matter was, according to his superior,
the officer was rendered un�onscious on the roadside.
becomes:
How many filore facts have been concealed by this officer?
Distorted,
waybe?
How many other incidents of this type have there
been on the reservations which have gone unheard of?
Francis
that
The question now
.�rder
Remember the
of2y,are ago which still remains unsolved.
There has
been a continual indifference toward justice for the Indians.
approach seems to be to ignore the Indians.
The
But then when�he tables
are turned and a non Indian has had his pride hurt,
at least six police
cars with more than a dozen state troopers,n_� deputy sheriffs and game
wardens come swarming into the reservation and proceca to search Indian
homes viith out search warrants.
(Although it was
just after
2
police claim they were invited into the homes to search them!)
to me that pride is a pretty poor excuse for ignorance,
and lack of courtesy.
X
X
X
A.N. the
It seems.
lack of training
�- 4 LETTERS
To
the Editor
Indian Relic Collection
Dear Editor of Maine
Indian Newsle.tter-1
just finished reading the August & Sept. issue of �aine Indian
Newslett�r.
I am an amature archeologist.
111 Qy experience has been
in the field and what home study I have had.
I have a collection of
Indian artifacts of between seven and eitht thousand· pieces, all collected
·
within a twenty mile radius of Grand Lake Stream, in .Jashington county,
and some of the best and finest work I have ever saw on Indian &rtifacts • .
As far as workc1anship I don't believe they could be any better �rnrk
I have
done on first and secondary chip�ing on arrow, spear, and knife points
and work on tools, pendants and effigies.
Now about the Ne1slett�r you
are putting out, keep up the good work.
Its about ti e the }Laine Indian
was
being recognized.
Maine
Its too bad sm1e of the peo�) __ e th<:.t think the_
Indian was so backward they should try the Indian's tools that he
had when he made his stone tools and wea�ons.
There sure would be a lot
of ruined flint in piles where thE:-y worL ..ed.
I don't iaean there is no
white rJan that can 1 t make them because there is tho.t
is its about time the
did do.
The
The t11ing
I know.
Indian got sQ·e credit for whut
e
Indian could have been friendly and was in
n�
could do
ost c�ses
until the white rJan robbed hiw blind and burned every thing he h a d
to the ground and hunted hiru down in e�ery way he
look at it the
By
Indian got the rawest deal any
I
,
�eople ever Lot.
the way any one inte�ested in the collection
I have ar�
to coGe and look it over and I will answer any questions
any inforiilation
Tie way
could.
I
welcome
CB.n.
Also
I can give you or help plea...:;e feel :i.ree to call on., Lle.
I think its about time we all begin to recognize the true American.
Three cheers for the Maine Indian Newslett'-'r•
Keep lJounding the!ll out
Editor.
Yours sincerely,
Brown
Ed1vard T.
Grand Lake
llaine
treara,
04637
(#ashington County)
Box
431
x x x x x
Dear
Yrrs. Eugenia Thompson,
I received your address from my
Island in
Old Town,
dousin Teresa Sa pier of
Indian
i'lr;_ine and would aprreciate it very ;11uch if you
would incluJe my name on your list of subscribers.
Being Indian and not knowing everything I should about my people,
I'd like .very much to learn more and be part of �y great race •
.My mother, the late Stella F. Tomah Sappier Newell w•.1.s a wember of
the Fassaruaquoddy Tribe in Perr·y,
people & mine are still
there.
Maine and quite
}tr father,
a
nw.nber of her
the late Peter Leo bappier
If you
was from �oodstock, N. B. CanaJa and of the Melace�tribe.
have any information concerning theJe tito tribes, their custo.s etc.,
I'd
av.reciate your kindness.
I h:S.� e
had the op�_,ortunity to r�ad one of your Newslet t�rs a.11d was
quite int�re�ted
�:
�n all you had to print.
(Continued on p.·.c,e
5)
�- 5 ( L"ET 11
n
RS, Co t in ue d frotl! page 4)
Keep up
the good work Mrs. Thompson, and I hope you till
on one of those letters & send it down here to Texas.
S incere ly,
Georgina c.
Lubbock,
Pa rr e tt
put .dy na�e
1
Texas
xx xx x
Dea r
M rs . T homrso n :
Enclosed is a small check to cover soJ! c of the cost of publishing
The I1aine Indian Newsletter, w hi h I have enjo�ed receivin� for tDe
pa �t ye .... r.
I don 1 t agree .tith sor:.e of the o·l:1inions _you see . . · to hold
u.
c
but I think the NINL is a distinct contribution to the cause.
I just
\Yish more
le read it.
I ahl a ta p y e r but not a r e sident .
� peop
x a.
Yours truly,
�·hlwot �.
J o ne.s
Fhiladel�hia,
�enna.
xx xx x
Dear L.rs.
Thompson:
First of all, _ �ould like to congratulAte you on the tiwe and
effort you expend in editing t ;e qualit y i. ub li a.t ion , ri- ine In<li,_n News
letter.
I feel thc.t it fills a great need in ·l'..'rOLi.10tL1g und er · t�1ding
about the
-�ine Indian and
�ill
of the state.
g
go a lo n
c
way in waking up the people
I am cu rr e ntly editor of our church ne1slettcr,
( Unitari
n-Univ"'rsalist
)
and aw about to initictt
�rish Messenger
11Conce:cn Corner"
T�e
ea
or so�ething suitably na�ed in wbich I hope to point out
areas of social concern,
o
ath
I
locally and beyond.
Ho
-
periodically
nd er� d
i·
you
would ,give me permission to inv'ite .uie ·1bers and friends o f our church to
Several of us hav�
subscribe to t�e neJslett�r you pu�lish.
for the
years
� nd,
becau�e of this,
in the :Maine Indians.
but
bee1 hosts
:iassamaquoddy youngsters who have visited Bruns�lick the
}:a.st few
many in the church have taken �n intere.t
I notice that you have invited peroons to subscribe
h
I hesitc.ted to include t e information without checking with
x
yo'.l
first because I didn't know how widely you wished to e t e nd tlle i nv ita
tion and if
-perhaps
-
you would
in order to carry on your work.
not need to ask for
I would a �reciate hearing from you regardin0
this
you my best \ishes in carrying on the proje t
you
a
subscri},tion fee
x
att d r and e t e
h ave
nd
to
so ably undertaken.
s1ncerely yours,
Mrs.
Philip 8.
Brunswick,
(Editor's
note:
free to tell
Johnaon
1-iaine
i�s Johnson and a ny of our other re ·ders may feel
others about the �ewslettar.
a subscription fee,
Soon we will be c harg ing
but even until then the more p eo n le we can send the
Newsletter ta, the more people there ·.�dll be ·�tho nre .. aware !.of
Iilclii'nsandtJ:oerha
-
arthe oor�
the
.
aine
undarstanding_,·rn. v1ill. be_ aele ·to generate.
( Continued
on pcige
6)
�(L-:::'l.'f
-TI::> Continued
from page 5)
- 6 -
Gentlemen:
I would appreciate your forwarding to De a copy of yo�r 1c�1slettL�.
I feel that some of our teachers in soci&l studies clasu�a would find
some very helpful matvrial in it.
I attended a meeting in Bangor ye&terday and h2d the o� ortunity of
hearing Hr. Hinkley speak on Indian Affairs and at the y_u<::::.tio11 and answer
period he suggested if anyone would care to receive a co�'Y of your news
letter to write to Freeport.
Thank you.
Yours truly.,
i�s. Fleanor C. Chapin
Secretary dams •chool
Fortland, Ha.ine
x x x x x
(This is a good cross section of the letters vrn received this JtiOnth.
Ne would be gla to hear from you regarJing your opinions, ideas and
cowwents. 1-Editor '
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Early Peace Treaties
(The following excerpt from the book·, Maine Indians In History, is
further evidence showing what finally turned our Indian ancestors
against the non Indian.
Several treaties were signed Jitu the English
by the Indians liv.ing in Maine.
On one sucl1 occ<...csion, desc1�ibed below,
other white men burned the Indian villeGe nnd destroyed the "'-.:.
crops of the Indians.
It is interesting to note thCLt while it .ras a
coiill.non trait of the Great :'hite Fathers to hold one b nd of Indians
accountable for the act of other tribe-s in the SO..ule area, in the incident
before us now, the English disclaim ali res9onsib�lity for the acts of
the looters. -Editor.)
"Assiminasqua, a Kanabas sachew upon beint; su1..lli1oncd by the "Snglish to
a peace conference said:
' It is not our custom when mes�eng�rs corue to
trea.t of peace, to seize upon their persons, as soketili1es do the
Mohawks do; yea, as the Engli0h have done, seizing upon fourteen Indians,
our men, �ho went to treat .1ith you - setting � guard over them, and
taking anay their p:-unG.
This io not all, but c.. uecond ti.1e you required
our guns, and demanded us to coile to you, or else you would kill us.
·
This wa,_ the cause of our leavinr�· both our fort and our corn, to our
great loss. '
'This speech greatly e.111barrased the English, out they tried to
explain that the white men who had done this were not within their
'
jurisdiction and they were, . therefore, not accountable to them. ' ''
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D ID YOU KNO·J THAT Count Frontenac tarnished his and his peo les na; :e
by the murder and torture of two unfortuna�e ±roquois captives
(1696) at Montreal2
Did you know that the United States Governuent is based on the Government
of the Iroquois Nation and not on any European Goverru�ent?
�- 7 He Says He Loves His Red Children
We have heard the talk of our great father;
BROTHERS:
He says he loves his red children.
it is very kind.
"Brothers, when the white man fir.:.t cai•1e to the Ge Ghor.;s the Indians gage
him land and kindled fire to
faces of the south
0hen tl1e pale
ake him comfort�ole.
(Spaniards)
would have taken his scalp,
our young
men dren the toraahawk and protected hi.111.
rrBut when the white illan had \armed himself at
the Indian's r'ire, and
He
had filled himself with the Indian's hominy, he oeca.�e very large.
stopped not at the mountain tops, and his foot covered the plains end
valleys.
His hands grasped the east.ern Clnd W8st:;rn seas. Then he
became our Great Father.
He loved his red c�ildren but said, 'you
must move a little farther, lezt by accident I tread upon you.'
11-dith one foot he pushed the re other he trampled
do\m
man across -che Oconee, and with the
the graves of our fathers.
But our grec:..t Father
Etill loved his red children, and soon made the.Lil another talk.
'
He
said much but it all meant, 'Nove a little farther; you are.too near
me.'
I have }}ear _ wany talks from our Gren t Father,_ and they all
bee;an and ended the saw.e.
./hen .lle ;uaue us a taJ.k on <- f or:::ler occasion,
he said, 'Get a little farther; go beyond the Ocon�e and t�e Ocmulgee there is a pleasant country.'
He also said, 1It shall be yours
"Brothers:
forever.'
;; ow he says, 'Th-.; land you live upon is not yours.
Go beyond the iris
sissippi; there is gawe; there you may remain vhile tLe grass e;rows and
the rivers run.'
"Brothers:
\'/111 not our Great Father corue there als o?,
He loves his
red children and his tongue is not forked."
·--Speckled Snake, a Creek Chier, s�e�king
to the Creek National Council in 1836.
Franklin Corn)
(Taken from Red Clay �nd Rattlesnake Springs, by James
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Book Review
The book Red Clay and Rattlesnake Spring�
and depicts the history bf the Cherokees.
108
pages of the book,
�as �ritten by Jfiles F. Corn
Although I haven't cownleted the
it a.·pears to be something anyone interested in
Indians in general or the Cherokees in 1articulur Hould want to re�d.
The book may be purchased for $1. 50
which includes �)ostat;e, by writing
o James F. Corn, P. O. Box 67, Village Office .3uilding, Cleveland,
Tennessee
37311.
�r. Corn is president of the Cherokee Red Clay Association.
of the ll.ssociation is to make a perJj1anen
�
The plan
historic - ark of shrine of tihe
famous last Council Grounds and spring of the Cherokees in the eust
located in the south �nd of Bradley County, Tennes�ee,
just north of the
villdge of Red Cl·y, Georgia.
The book contains stories and incidents of the Cherokees and the lives
of several of their important men are interestingly depicted.
�- 8 -
A bit of Maine's Aboriginal history lies neglected on the· banks of the
Kennebec River here, visited only by an occasional fisherillan or hunter.
But already is showing signs of vanealism.
It is a slate ledge located about a quart�r 1Jile south of the bridge
that takes Route 201 across the river.
The 16 foot outcropping of grey green slate contains 1Jore than 100
carvings of figures - believed to be the work of &n 1.,.beno..k i IndL. n at
least two centuries ago.
The rock writings,
or petroglyphs,
are the least known of tuo exten
sive collections to have been found in IVkine.
Clark's Point.at Machias�ort.
The ot,__ er is locc::. ted on
Chiseled out of the rock are fig;ures of canoes,
dwellin6s,
b.irds,
animals and strange half an iuial-half human creatur..:.:s.
The drawings supi-::ios-.:.lly tell a story of e_trly
Intli2.n .Life in .iaine.
But so far as is kl1mvn no one has succa...,s · ully transla teu theo.
Some,
hmvever,
s�--
signs of
y;ossible Frencl.
iniluence,
ca�vings may date to the 17th or 18th centuries.
speculated the carvinGS tell
the English.
a
inuicatii.1£,
tlie
Some have also
tale.of French and
Indian battles against
The carvings uere viewed recently by .:/hite Nichols of ./iscc:.sset,
who
has been expl-0ring the region in search for artifacts of )Jenedict
Arnold 's Revolutionary '"iar Expedition to '.:'uebed.
The �ock w��
Kennebec.
passed by�rnold's raen in their ill - fated trek up the
Nichols first learned of the petroglyptls fro� his mother,
who grew
up in the region before the turn of the century.
he is urging steps be taken to preserve the mysterious stone aark
ings for future generations ans as vart of the attractions of a proposed
recreation of Arnold's route to �uebec.
Though the rock bearing the carvines can be seen fro� tbe bridge that
carries Route 201 across the Kennebec, at Solon, only an unmarked trail
leads to the site.
And a casual visitor ilright miss the carvings co11pletely even after
finding; the ·1roper rock.
It has been heavily eroded from deca:les of
flowing ice and water �nd froill the annual log drives that forracrly were
corilmon.
Most researchers use chalk to trace the outlines for study and �hoto
graphing.
But experiments by Nichold and co��anions reveal white lime
carefully brushed on and the surrlus blown away works as well, qith
�
less chance of confusing a natur l fissure in the rock ':iitll
carving.
The chiselled areas being made with crude instruiuents
and hold tbe dust.
·�>art of a
are roush
Marks froQ natural erosion are s,Joother and the lime
readily blows away.
The
Itaglio r.iark.inr;s c.tre about three - ei;;hth of e.n inch dee:_J and
Nichols speculates the
the task.
Far�
Indian who drew them may have s�ent months at
vhile another section has
of the scenes appear to show a hunt,
been interpreted as a crude map.
Included is
a
distinct square object that a;:''.:ears to be a building.
Several crosses are plainly discern�o1e.
Other s�illbols can be seen, but their meaninbs are less clear.
mhe carvings are located on t:'e west bank of the river wl1ere the
stream bends sharply_.
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(From Portland Sunday Telegram,
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By Hobert C.
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Cum�in�G,
Oct.
15, 19 67. )
�- 9 ·rHE RIG.uT TO EE
INDI.1-J�
justice
( Indians in Maine are not �lone= in suffering the inequities of
the
iJe are referring s:iecifically to
from the State courts.
death of two years ago
�here Francis,
Passamaquod�y
a
Peter Francis
Indian,
ucls beaten
and left blee.ding in the road to die by several i'-Iassachussetts hunters.
One of the hunters was brought to trial for i.lcJ.nslw.ughter
and aquitted.
;:Jhen the decision was handed doun in the state court it 11..as re}Jorted
It sbould be
t�ere was applause from the 1ashington County ppectators.
pointed out that this attitude does not reflect the attitude
however
Washington County citizens,
the present Indian case, reported elsewhere in the NeDsletter,
Don Coatesworth Gellers has motioned for
County)
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The follo�ing is an excerpt
Schusky and deals with similar
Indians to acce1Jt t:-1e
the reluctance of
Attorney
charige of venue �o Cuillberland
so that a fair trial can be assured.
from The Ri.i:;ht To Be I ndian by Ernest L .
situations. -Editor
".
af all
it is prevalent enough so that in
justice
..
< rnd
legal
process of the surrounding society is l�igLtencu by their tre2trucnt in
the out.side
world.
Oliver
LaFarge has noted a nuiubor of sl1ocking cases
of injustice done to ti1e Indicns in stc..te courts.
Only
a
few of his
instances are necessary to �oint up tbe Indians' fe2r of treatwent in
courts rrhere civil richts are sup�oseJly gu-ranteed.
la.ins Indian
North Dakota tak..:-s its nar.le from one of the Grc":t
tribes.
There not long ago • • •
.
n Indic..n n.::•111ed �h lli.::t !Jl De·_.erce
-
was drinking -.;ith t\ o non- Indicrns,
stabbed to death.
DISORDBBLY CONDUCT.
E.is co upanions got NiiJE·rY DJ�YS
In one .South Dakota tom,
policewan challenged hiru.
in the gutter,
1.rnuncl.eJ.,
e.n
then,
as he lay
no action was ta�0n aiainst the
1�s powerless to get
such as the recent killing of a Sioux nauied
Broken Rope by a local chief of police,
case cannot be madet
conclude that,
�"-'-S
FOR
r·n up and finished him off with two more
The Indian Service investigated but
officer.
anything done.
Incidents occur,
De.1erce
... �P IECE
Indian fai1:ed to 6top "ne night when a
The policeaan shot hie;
So far as we can learn,
shots.
l'Jicho..Lc:s Ra1.1os cll1d .!1lc<:rio
into a fi�4ht in the course of 01hicl1
,oc
They
Garcia.
in which a clear legal
but one who reads the &ccount. is forced to
had the subjects been white
oen,
they
dould not
have been so used.
ore clear-cut is an incident involving a hr.
Fred Stotts.
Stotts was in his howe \hen he seized a �2sebc:ll bat,
across the streat,
over the
Hr.
and bashed a Sioux
Stotts disliked Mr.
does not tell why.
where ,
nawed Georr.e
.eCJ.. d so hard he crushed his sl'":ull.
Mr.
Left Hand Bull,
Left Hand Bull
!e lile.y assurue that
but the availc.::.ble record
Stotts had the Sioux tos.sed in tne clink
without medical attentioL,
he Jied the next day.
man was arrested and charged 11ith manslau,:..,hter for •·rhich,
course,
he received a 'r.10· Y-.C ... _R
having pleaded guilty,
SENT-:NcE.
x x
x
The white
in due
'"'UB: ..f:DE.D
x x
Next month the Negsletter will pre�ent an article on
Legal Assistance,
!•1r.
ran out and
line Tree
1hich may eventually prove a benefit to the Indian.
�- 10 CHRI6TMl S
CARDS
By Indian And Eskimo Artists
Christfilas cards designed and offer.u for Sele by individual Indian
artists are reported av ...ilable frou che following sources for tl1e 1967
Christmas season.
Unless otherwise noted, cards may be ordered dir0ctly
from the artist, and all reque ts tor prices and or�er should be
addressed directly to each source.
Clara Archilta (Kiowa-Apache)
Box 27
Apache, Oklahom� 73006
Hand made; various designs available.
xxx
Fred Beaver (CreGk)
437 Locust Street, N.�.
Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401
Printed; eight designs available.
Dennis Belindo (Kiowa-Navajo)
2941 S. fl. 52nd Street
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73119
Hand made and Printed; twelve
designs available.
xxx
Gloria M. Cheshewalla (Osage)
Route 1
Pawhuska, Oklahoma 74056
Handilla<le; Order frow:
Clifton's
Gift Shop, 118 East Main, Pawhuska,
Oklahoma 74056
xxx
Marcel J.· Darling (Pottawatomi)
1808 North Atlanta Court
Tulsa, Oklahoma 74110
Printed; hand colored; six deoigns
available.
xxx
Tom Clayiaore (Sioux)
P.O. Box 598
Fort Thompson, South Dakota 57339
Hand made.
xx x
Eulamae N. Doonkeen (Seminole)
1 6 0 8 N. �. 35th Street
Oklahoma City, Oklc..homB. 73118
frinted; s i x <le�i�ns avctilable.
Order frofil: Alco Frinting Co��any,
1612 N. .J.
4th Street, OkL:homa City, Okla
hor.ia 73118
x x x
Brummett Echohawk (:Pawnee)
P.O. Box 1922
Tulsa, Oklahona 74101
Printed; four Je�igns available.
Order frow:
Leanini:; 1i'ree, Box 1500
Boulder, Colorado 00301
xx x
Leroy Falling (vherokee)
::Jox 188
Kayenta, Lrizona 86303
frinted; three designs available.
x xx
-;ihite Bear Fredericks (Hopi)
Box 162
Oraibi, Arizona 86039
Hand watle �n� Pri1ted.
Order from:
Saga, Inc., 706 Second $treet, F.d.
Albuqu·...:rque, iJ,;HJ 1'1exico C7101;
Northl.... nd rress, Flagstaff,
Arizona 86001.
xxx
�esley Green, Jr. (Winnebago)
�innebago, Nebraska 68071
Printed; four designs available.
Order from:
Miss Bernice Tegeler,
:L3ox 158, :/innebago, Nebraska 68071
xx x
(Continued on
·
·ar--4·e 11)
�- 11 Norbert S. Hill (Oneida)
Route 1
Oneida, qisconsin 54155
Frinted; five designs available.
Terry �-.:>.t Lrson
407 Educ rds
Big Spring, Texas 79720
Band LJade.
xx x
william A. Johnson (Hoopa)
RFD 118 Fiesta Drive
Or· and Beach, Florida 32074
Frinted; four designs available.
xx x
Yeffe Kimball (Osage)
11 Dank Street
New York, New York 10014
Hand made.
Order from:
National
Aid To �he Visually Handicapped,
175 Fifth ive. , New York, NeN York
10015
xxx
Earl Liveroore (Blackfeet)
1619 Clement
San Francisco, California 94121
Printed; t,10 designs availc. ble.
..
xxx
Florence i1alegotkuk (Eskimo)
Gambell, Alaska 99742
Hand roade.
xx x
Kivetoruk !loses (Eskiwo)
Box 814
Notle, klaska 99762
Printed; various designs.
(Cherokc .j)
xxx
J. D. Roybal (San Ildefonso Pueblo)
1, Box 306
San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico
87501
Hand made.
R.R .
xxx
Carl A. Vicenti (Jicarilla-Apache)
6923 Quander Road
Alexandria, V�rginia 22307
Printed; nine designs available.
xxx
Harry Jalt0rs (Navajo)
P.O. Box 4L:.7
Kirtlctnd, New i�xico 87417
Hand Fade.
xxx
Ruth�. ihite (�ac and �ox)
Box 355
�est Point, California 95255
Hand wade; five dasigns �vailable.
x x x
Dolores 3akin (Spokane)
20 d. i'l.lbany ·.treet
Oswego, New York 14802
IIand ri.acle.
xxx
xxx
Ho�ell Orr (Chickasaw)
238 Harmon, Apt. lA
Las Vegas, Nevada 89100
Printed.
xxx
Chethlahe �aladin (N&vajo)
P.O. Box 924
Sedona, Lrizona 86336
Frinted; six designs available. Order
from:
Saga, ffinc. , 706 Second it., N.J.
Albuquerque, Neu Mexico 87101
The Penobscot and rassamaquoddy
do not have Christfilas cards
designed by themselves, but
a visit to any of the reservations
here in Maine will reveal many
inexvensive hand made gift items.
xxx
If any Penobscot or Passamaquoddy
Indians do have any unique itews
available for ChristL.Ias - just
write the Newsletter telling us
what you have, and we'll pass
the word along to our readers.
�- 12 ORGANIZA'11I01'7S
The rollowing arganizations also list Christ as c-..rc.s by Indian c..nd
Eskimo artists available for t he 1967 ChriGtmas sea�on.
Pequests for
prices and orders shou�d be address0d directly to e ch source.
Alaska Native Arts and Crafts Cooperative
Association, Inc.
Box 889
Juneau, Alaska 99801
(Printed; by Pauline Ayurprum (Eskimo)
Luseum of t he i�rJerican Indian
Broa.duay e.t 155th ,'-Jtreet
1ifew York, Neu York 10032
(Prin�ed; sixteen designs
available..:)
x x x
x x x
Ap�che Summit Enter�rise
P.O. Box 176
Mescalero, Ne� f�xico 88340
(Printed)
Oklahoiila Indian 1- rts and
Crafts Cooperative
Box 749
Anadarko, Oklaho;..ia 73005
(Hand lil&de and Printed; by
Indi_n artists of the area. )
x x x
Inc.
l�ntana 59526
(Frinte�; by Frank Cuts The Rope
(Gros Ventre) ) .
Ka-Eyta,
x x x
Harlem,
Sells Hospital Service
1r1omen
P.O. Box 66
Sells, Arizona 85634
Frinted; two designs
available, oy David Sine
(Apache) .
x x x
Lul.illtli Indian Arts and Crafts
Marietta, .�ashington 98268
(Hand made and Printed. )
x x x
x x x
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The National Congress of American India11s publish t he NC1tI Sentinel.
They ask that all tribes
In the most recent issue (Late .Tinter 1967)
quickly put one of their brochures on tourism into an envelope and send
Next summer a speci�l issue of the Sentinel will be
it in to them.
published dealing wholly with t ourism.
If the Governors of the tliree reservations in 1·1aine will send any
information in to the Newsletter regarding their ceremonies, special
events and campgrounds etc, t he Newsletter will forwµrd this information
But hurry before it is too late.
on.
x
x
x
Il\1DIAN
x
x
x
x
HEAD
The carving of an Indian head has been found on a grani t e outcropping
The carving
on a high bank above the Harraseeket ·River in Freeport.
is just outside the home o f Hr. John Loth on the Bartol Island Road
and wks not discovered until the st one was being clea�ed of dirt, moss
and pine needles. 'A part o f the Loth home has stood on the property
for many years and it is believed that a former occupant did the carving,
�Jr. Loth believes
Although the carving is disce.rnable it shows we�r.
the carving is o f no real significance except as an indication of the
carver's p�obable interest in this time consumi�g work.
·
�(13)
FEDERAL A ND S TATE OFF ICIALS START P..E SERVATION TOUR
�UGUS TA (AP) - Feder al and s tate o ff i c i a l s s t [ :. t .d a tour '"!_!� s day :i.n
which t hey wi l l go to Ma ine ' s Ind ian r e servat ioµs to discu s s prob lems of Ind ian
emp l oyment .
The Ind ian governor s and tribal coun c i l s wi l l par t ic ipate in
the talks , and the ob j e c t is to work ou t a program whi ch wi l l o_ua l i fy for a
gran t from the U . S . Labor Depar tmen t for . r e s erva ti.on program:; un d er the depar t
men t ' s Human Re sour c e s D eve lopment plan .
The trip s tar t e d at the Ind ian Is land ( Penob s co t ) R e s ervat ion Tue sday .
l e dne s day i t wi l l be at Pr inc e t on and Ind ian Town ship and Thur s day at Ple asant
Point .
On the trip are Orval Packard , a Sioux Ind ian on the s t a f f of the Bur eau
of Emp loymen t Servi ce s of the Labor D epar tmen t , and Jame s Schoentha ler , Ma ine
Plan s
manpower coord inator in the Maine Divi s ion o f Economic Oppor tun i t y .
are to have Packard me e t b r i e f l y Fr iday w i t h Gov . Cur t i s and Commi s s ioner
Edward Hinckley o f the Indian Affairs D epar tment .
The Governor has t o ld the Ind ian governor s he w i l l inc lude in hi s s pe c i a l
ses@ion� b�dget ; r e que s t s t o t a l ing $ 304 , 800 for water supp ly and s ewerage pro
He said t h i s wou ld qua l i fy for a comb ined amoun t
j e c t s on t he re serva t ion s .
approximate ly e qual tha� from var ious feder al ag �n c i e s .
And he added that comp l e t i on o f wa ter and s ewerage pro j e c t s wi l l make
it po s s ib le to deve lop federal hous ing pro j e c t s on the reservation s , almo s t
e n t irely with feder al money .
(From the Bangor D ai ly News , 9/ 27/ 67 .
The News let t er und er s t and s tha t
Mr . Packard ' s ini t ia l intere s t in the emp loyment ne eds of Maine Ind ian s r e s u l ted
from a vis i t to the thr e e r e s erva tions , and talks with the three Tr ibal. Gover
nor s , by Mr . John Be l indo , i·Tashing ton o f f i ce d ire c tor o f the na t ional Congre s s
The s chedul ing o f the trip
o f Amer i can Ind ians , whi ch took place in June .
was worked out by the Divis ion of Economi c Oppor tuni ty after the Ind ian Communi ty
As s i s t ance Commi t t ee repor t to Governor Cur t i s iden t i f ied empl oyment as be ing
Commi s s ioner Hinckley me t
one main area of conc ern of the tribal leader s .
with Mr . Packard and Mr . Schoen tha ler on the former ' s arrival in Maine on
September 2 5 th . - Ed . )
EAS TPORT MAN PUT U1 COUfJ'IY JAIL
CALAIS - An Eas tport man was cormni t te d to the coun ty j a i l when arraigned
in d i s tr i c t cour t her e Monday b efore Judge John M. Dud ley of Calais on a c harge
of operat ing a mo tor vehic le whi l e under the in fluence o f in tox i cat ing l i quor .
The man , .Jvlurray P . Emery , 6 3 , p le aded innocen t , but was found gui l ty
and sen tenced t o pay a $ 1 50 f ine and receive a 10-day suspens ion of hi·s l icens e .
Emery appealed to the Oc tober t erm of Superior Cour t and in l ieu of $ 300 bonds
he was commi t ted to the coun ty j ai l .
The complainan t was Trooper Ar lo Lund
A t torney D on Ge l ler s of Eas tport repre sented the d efendan t .
of Pembroke .
See s t ory on Page 19 of the
(From the Bangor Dai ly News , 9/ 27 /6 7 .
Augu s t - September News l e t ter . - Ed . )
HUMOR IN .UNIFORM
A fr iend was g iving a l e c ture on the mi l i t ary tac t i c s o f encir c l emen t
In a darkened room he pro j e c ted a n i l lu s t rat ion o f t h e Amer ican
and ambus h .
Ind ian s f ight ing the U . S . Cavalry .
F rom somewhere in the room came a voice
saying , "It won ' t work . "
The ins truc tor proceeded wi th his l e c ture , and again
the vo i c e boomed , " I t won ' t work . "
A GI
My friend turned on the l ight and asked who the commenta tor was .
from Ok l ahoma , a fu l l-b looded Comanche , s tood up and s aid , "My grandfa ther
tried it , and i t won ' t work . : i ( Jon N . Free land , Columbia , Mo . )
(From the Reader s ' D ige s t , Oc tober 1967)
�(14 )
PAVILION WITH A PUNCH
by Fred Miller, OMI
(
Thi s arti cle , cont inue d from the August-September Newsl et ter , is repri nt e d
from t h e Canadian Indian Rec ord , and d e s c ribes the Indians of Canad a pavU j 0n
at Montreal ' s Expo 1 67 - Ed .
)
The s choo l s set up for th e Ind ian peo pl e ignor ed their language.
In
stead of t he t e ache rs le arning the language o f the country, they impo s ed a
new l anguage upoh th e c hild ren.
Even to day, as the pavilion points out, the
textboo ks are g eared to th e culture o f the whit e ch ild who liv e s in our cit i e s
in a n ent irely di fferent way of life frora t h e ma jority of Indian children .
Dick and Jane are fo reign to their mentality, culture and language • • • •
" Th e reserve i s the home of our Spirit s . "
By t hi s phra s e t h e Indi an s are pro t e sting against th e spoilation of their
cultural heritage by a people - our selve s or our anc estors - who have lacked
the s e n sitivity to appr eciate how much this means to th em .
The reserve is
the one pla c e where t h i s cultur e has managed to retain some of its original
flavor • • • • The re of us who have worked among them and "walked in th ei r mo c c asins "
know the fru strati ons wit h wh i ch th ese peo ple have liv e d .
We entertain a
great sympathy and re spect for them .
But we reali ze that in thi s rapid ly
changing wo rld great adj ustment s are still requ ired of t h en ii' they are not to
remain a forgotten p eo ple .
"We want to live our own life on our own land •
• • •
give us
the ri gh t to manage our own a ffairs . "
Here lie s the crux o f the probl em and the root o f t he Indian d i s content .
They are a people Who b elong to t he land .
It hold s for them their identity
as a p eJ ple .
Having been de spoiled of a country t hey cling pass ionately to
their pa rcels of land wh i ch the y hold by law or treaty, " a s long as t h e sun
shine s and the ri vers run down to the s e a . 1 1
The manner of d eal in g wi th t he
Indi ans by th e vari ou s gov ernment s of
Canada over t he year s has und e rgone s erious critical re-examination during the
past f ew ye ars .
From an overly prote c tive attitude in 'Wh ich all the deci sions
affe c ti ng the Indian s w e re made fo r them, the government has f inally re cogni zed
But long-establ ished
the principal of self-determina ti o n fo r t he Indi an .
De cis ions are still being
custom ha s inhibited th e c arrying out of this id eal.
mad e which ignore the feeling s of the people and no serious attempt ha s ever
b e en ma de to help t hem regain their cu ltural heritage and their language .
The attitude thus c onveyed to the India n i s t h a t , in the eyes of t he wh iteman,
t he s e things are of no :i.mpo r:t an c e .
The consequent breakdown in cormnuni cations
is the r eal m es s age o f th e Ind ian p avilion • • • • •
( From
Indi an Re cord, Winnipeg,
Canada, Sept embe r
1967 )
BOOK REVIEW
" Lo s t Heritage of Alaska, " by Polly and Leon Gordon Miller, World Publishing Co .
The " lo st h eritag e " to whi ch the authors devo t e their book i s the indig
Beginning with the Rus si an s , early
enous culture of Alaska ' 9 coastal Indi ans .
travelers who v i s i t ed t he region were astoni shed by the b eautiful and sometimes
The authors, a husband-and
barbari c arts and art i fa ct s of the native trib e s .
wife t eam, emphasi z e that th e Unit ed Stat e s acquired Alaska at a time when
Indian art s we re in full flower, only to s e e them go into swift d e cline under
educ ation and an entirely new morality.
In that sens e , thi s book fulfill s a valuable fu nction, sinc e· it tra c e s
the development of Indian art s a n d c rafts and t heir relationship to a tribal
The book draws heavi ly o n early writings and clo s e s
way of lif e now vanished .
the influenc e of Chri st ianity,
( Continued
o n Page
15 )
�(15 )
(Continued from Page 14 )
with
an examination of what survives of the original c ultur·e.
7l:P. il.J.:,:_ 3 !:,r .:1.
tions are many and first-rate.
This i s an authorative study in a neglected
field .
(Submitted by a reader . )
"UGH ! 1 1 ME ANS HIPPIE IlJ PUEBLO
by Tom Tiede
AREA
The sign on the gate says "No Trespassing . 1 1
On the other s ide there is a deeply rutted road which twi sts a hot quarter-mile
toward the · base of a small featureless mountain.
Thi s, su ch as it is, is
Hippieland , U . S . A
The dozenpsychedelic families wh i ch have homesteaded
here in northern New Mexico have no friends at all .
In the past f ew months
they have manq.ged to alienate nearly everyone in sight
On arrival, the hippie men stripped to the waist and the hippi e women
strapped their babies on their backs .
The idea was simple .
They had decided
to imitate nearby Indian tribes both physically and philosophi cally.
Explained
one of them: 11 We want to get close to nature. "
After examining all of the available nature in the region, th e hippies
bought 103 acres of it in nearby Aroyo Hondo (for $22, 000 ) .
Their bead-bedecked
leader told the seller his band was out to 'build a better wo rld . "
The b etter W'.)rld began with tepees.
Using poles chopped from pine
trees and canvas purchased in stores , the hippies constructed 11 wigwams, a
few hund red feet apart, in the shade of their nearby hill
Ironically, even the area Indians are adversely concerned about their
imitators.
The Pueblos frankly feel that their tribe is being slandered .
"Only an Indian c an be an Indian, " scoffs Pueblo-born Tony Naylor .
"The
hippies are not good Indians.
They aren ' t even good white men .
I think they
are only parasite s
like the fleas on t he dog. "
other Indians are equally critical.
Pueblo spokesmen point out that
hippie
Indi an similaritie s simply don ' t exist .
They explain that Indians
are cle an and neat, while the hippies are sloppy and uncaring; that Indi ans are
oriented to an o rderly soc iety while hippies tend toward anarchy or worse
As far as both Indian s and whites are concerned, the only close-to-nature
word that adequately de scribes the hippie homesteaders i s : "Ugh ! "
(From the Bangor Daily News, 9/20/67 )
- .. NEw:.BUFFALO, N .
•
(NEA )
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• • • •
• • • •
• • •
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PLEASANT POINT RESERVATION HOUSlli G AUTHORITY NAMED
On Septe:nber 25th, Ple asant Point Governor Jos eph Mitchell, with the
advice and co nsent of his Tribal Council, appointed the following commi ssioners
to the Pleasant Point Pas samaquoddy Reservation Housing Authority, for the
tenns indicated : Rev. Bernard Nicknair (5 year s ) , Eugene J . Franci s (4 years ) ,
Andrew J . Dana (3 years ) , Fred Franci s (2 years ), and David Francis (1 year ) .
These appointments were made under poWar8� granted to the Tribes by the
Maine Indi an Housing Authority law as amend ed by the lOJrd Legi slature, and
mark th e first steps in the Tribe s s long-range program to improve hous ing and
sanitation conditions at Ple asant Point .
The Penobscot Governor and Council
appointed that Tribe ' s hou�ing authority in August ( see last month 1 s Newsletter )
and the Indian Township Governor and Council are contemplating similar action.
DID YOU KNOW THAT
John Nicholas, former Pleasant Point Housing Aide for the Passamaquoddy Community
Action Program, has been named Assistant Program Director of the CAP?
His
Housing Aide posi tion has been filled by Andrew Dana, of Pleasant Point.
Daniel Francis was recently named Economic Opportunity Aide at Pleasant. Point .
�(16)
S PECIAL SESS IOIJ ADVAHCE S H!DIArJ PROGRAMS
The spe c i a l s e s s ion of the 103rd Leg i s l a tur e c.;. l l ed Ly Gove i:-nor 1':.ean e t h
Cur t i s , o n Oc toter 2nd and 3rd r e s t ored to the D epar tment of Ind ian Affair s
impor t an t sums which had not been approved in the regular s e s s ion , or in the
Sept ember 1 2 th d e f ea t of the 8 th b ond i s sue , submi t ted to a s t a t e -wide r e f eren
dut;n .
The Depar tmen t r e c e ived approval and fund s , e f fec t ive January 1 , l96r. ,
to hire a S o c i a l Porl�er for the Ca l a i s f i e l d of fice , and a Deputy Commi s s ioner
( Hous ing and Cons truc t ion ) and Cl erk-S teno ( to be a s s igned the D epu ty Commi s s ioner·
f or the cen tral o f f ice in Augu s t a .
As Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley had told
t he Leg i s l a t ive Appropr iat ions Commi t t e e during the regular s e s s ion , the in
volvement o f the Depar tment and the : �e s ervat ions in feder a l ly- a s s i s t ed hous ing
and san i t a t ion programs wi l l demand the fu l l - t ime a t ten t ion of one per son at
the Augu s t a o f f i c e ; �Ir . Tony Ka l i s s , an employee o f the Ame rican Friend s Service
Commi t te e , as s igned to the D epar tmen t , has been ac t ing in the capac i ty o f Hous ing and Con s truc t ion Of f ic er s ince Augus t 1 , 1966 .
.
The n e e d for a Social Worker po s i t ion for the Ca lais ( Pa s s amaquoddy ) fie ld
o f f ice - in add i t ion to the pre sent Ind ian Deve lopment Spec iali s t �!..' agetidl )
po s i t ion already a s s igned there - had b e en documen ted by Hinckley when he pointed
out that the current Pa s s ama quoddy cas e - load i s abou t 1 10 ca s e s - more than
twice t he number of c a s e s a s ing l e s o c i a l we l fare worker is normal ly suppo sed
t o hand l e .
The Leg i s l a ture approved the s e po s it i on s , with the n e c e s s ary suppor ting
fun d s for trave l , incr ea s ed o ff ice supp l i e s and expen s e s , e t c . , for t he 6 months
o f f i s c a l year 1 9 6 7 - 1 9 6 8 , beg inn ing January 1 , 1968 and for the s econd hal f of
the b i en ium (Ju ly 1 , 1968 - June 30 , 1 9 69 ) .
Equa l ly impor tan t , the special aess ion appropr iated to the Depar tment o f
Ind i an Affair s $ 30l� , 800 as the S ta t e ' s share o f t h e con s truc t ion cos t s o f s ewage
and wa t er fac i l i t i e s on the 3 Res erva t ion s ; the s e amount s had been inc luded in
Along with the funds ;
t he 8 th bond i s sue whi ch llas defeated on Septembe .c 1 2 th .
the Legi s l at ur e au thor i zed the tran s fer of t he s e monie s to the 3 individual
R e s eryat ion Hous ing Aut hor i t i e s , when organ i zed , to 1 1match11 wi th an ticipated
F ederal fund s from 4 d i f f er e n t government agenci e s .
The Depar tme n t of Education a l s o r e c e ived an appropr iat ion of $ 1 9 , 700
for c la s sroom cons truct ion at Pe t er Dana Point ( Ind ian Township Re serva t ion ) ;
t h i s amount a l s o had or ig ina lly b e en contained in t he 0 th bond i s sue .
Final ly , the Leg i s l ature approved a one -sen tence addi t ion to the Maine
Indian Hou s ing Au�hor i ty Law ; r e quired by the Farmer s Home Admin i s trat ion , which
g ive s the indiv idual R e s erva t ion Hous ing Au thor i ti e s the legal power t o deve lop ,
cons truct , operate and main t a in water and s ewage sys tems on the Res erva t ions .
Thi s power i s n e ce s s ary in order that the· F . H . A . (and o ther F ederal agenci e s )
can make gran t s d ir e c t ly t o t he Re s ervat ions for the water and s ewage fac i l i ti e s
r e quired of new . hous ing progr ams .
M.
PASSAH.A.rUODDY COi HUi.1I TY AC TIOU Pr. OG::-�1'1 TO GE T NEW HEAD
On October . I � , i·ir . 1-'Ii chae l n.a sktn , Ex e cu t iv _ !>irec t: or o! t h� Paa i3&n� quoQ.dy
'.1..'r ib e ' s Communi ty Ac ·d on :?rozram, res igned· his po ::: i t i ou be cau s e of i l L:. e s s • ·
I n h i s l e t ter o f r e s i[jnation , Mr . Raskin than!:e cl the CAP ' s 23oard o f D i+�.c tor s ,
the Pleasan t Po i n t m1c'.. I n :i. i an Town ship '.X'r iL a l Counc i l s , and· the T:c i:. e as. a who le
Mr . Raskin also s trong ly
f o r �he pr ivi lege o f having worked with them .
r e cotillle ucled tha t , Hr . Arc h i e LaCoo t e , of t he IndiaL. \'own s hip P e s ehra-'-·ion , · be
.. awed to succeed him as =.��ecu tive Direc tor .. . On Oc !:ob er · 1 1 th , the Pashing ton C6un t.y Reg i o:·_al Ac t ion Agency a::moun.ce d
Pea s e i s pre se n t ly
t he appo intmen t o f � .:r·. C us t in P e a s e as Cour: ty :AP D i rzc tor .
No date has b een s e t for
tr ia l �ommi s s ion .
d ir e c t o r of the Rhode I s land Indus
his arr iva l to the Coun ty po s t .
�( 17 ) '
INDIC'IlviEll.J TS REWRNED ON INDIAN S
r -ACHIAS - A Washington County grand jury returned indictnent s agains t seve n
Passaraaouo.ddy Indians Wedne sday, ch arging assault a nd battery, resisting arrest ,
interfering wi th an offi cer, an d c onspiracy a s the result of a September 3 alter
cat ion between polic e and the Passanaquod die s at Perry.
The indictraents c au1e after a day-long presentation by special assistant
attorney general Frederi ck G. Ward o! Addiso n .
They were followed b y a notion of defense attorney Don c . Gelle rs of Eaet
port to di smiss the entire proc eedings on the gro und s that the defendant s had
been placed in do uble j eopardy in the confusing district and superior court
pro ceedings sin ce the c a se opene d .
Justi c e Jaraes P . Archibald o f Houlto n, presiding at the October Term o f
Washingto n County Superior Court , took the di smi ss al motion un:i er advi sem ent .
Indicted for various offenses were Danie l Bassett, 28, Annabelle Bas s ett ,
24, Deanna Fr anci s , 2n, John So ckabasin, 27, Lawrence Soc kabasin, 28, and
David G. Holna n, 21, all of the Pleasant Point Ind ian Reservation, Perry , ani
Victor Bassett, 27, of Cambridge, Mass . ; all are fre e on bail .
In the afternath of wh at began as a routine notor vehicl e che ck by State
Trooper Arolo E . Lund of West Pembroke but tu rne d into an apparent roadside
free- for-all , the following si x co unt s were lodged against the defendants in
the ind ictment : Assault and battery on Troop er Lund against Daniel Bassett, Annabelle
Bassett, Lawrenc e Sockabasin and Deanna Franci s ;
Assault an d battery o n In:ii an Constable Robert- Newell against the same four;
Re sisti ng arrest by Constable Newell, against Daniel Bassett ;
Int ervening with a po li c e o ffi cer, Newell, against all seven defendants ;
Interf ering with a polic e of fi cer, Lund, · against all seven d efendant s ;
Cons piracy to obstruct and intimidate both polic e o ffie rs against all
defendants except Deanna Franci s and Victor Bassett.
No probable cau se on a charge of conspiracy against all except Vi ctor
Bassett was fourrl in Ma chi as Di strict Court Oc to ber 2nd by Judge Ian Mat inne s
of Bangor after Judge John Dudley of Calai s di squalifi ed himself from the
case the previou s Friday .
Judge Dudley had di s:iissed a previous co nspiracy
warrant as being faulty .
However, this did not kill th e ch a rge, and the grand
jury fo und su ffi cient evidence to indi ct fo r conspiracy to obstru ct an of ficer
by intirni dation .
Judge Macinne s later found pro bable cause against Lawrenc e So ckabasin,
Annabelle Bassett and Daniel Bassett on a charge of assault and battery on Trooper
Lund , bound then over to await a ction by the grand jury, and rele ased them in
$2, 000 per S) nal recogni zances.
At the same time he found no probable cause
on a sir.l ilar charge against the four other defendant s in th e case .
Daniel
Bassett, Annab elle Bassett, Lawrence So ckabasin and Deanna Franci s wer.e found
guilty of assault on an officer; Annabelle Bassett and Deanna Francis were found
guilty of intoxi cation .
Found innocent of obstructi ng an offi c er were Victor Bassett , Joh� Socka
Gellers sri.d in his di smi s sal motion
basin, Lawrence Sockabasin and Holman .
Wedne sday that the fact that Judge Dud l ey had disquali fi ed himself, wi thout
giving a reaso n, af'ter starting to hear the pro ceedings , result ed in a d elay
and deprived the d efendants o f a ri ght to a speedy trial.
The incident has re sult e d indirectly in an investigation ordered by Gov .
Kenneth lf. Curtis o f the events surrounding the epi so de, and has turned into
a confusing si tuation.
The probe was ordered by the governor as the result
of a complaint by Robert s. Howe, a fo rmer instructor at the Poland Springs
J ob Corps, who was a gue st at the Christopher Altvater home on the Pleasant
Point RP-servation on the night in qu estion
( Qmtinued on Page lS)
·
•
• .
�(18 )
INDICTNEN TS RE'IURNED •
( Continued
from Page
•
,
17 )
.
Howe claimed tha t s t at e troopers ente red and se arche d the Altvater home
following the ne arby alte rcation, without a s e arch warrant .
Offi cers have
denied this allegati on, s aying th ey were invited into the Altavater home .
Co l .
Parker K .
Henne s s ey,
Chief of t h e Maine State Poli c e ,
said Tue sday
the inve stigatio n being co ndu ct ed by his d epartme nt is being run "as imparti ally
as we know how. "
From t he Bangor Dai ly News,
(
10/12/67 )
WILL OF INDIAN AC TOR SE TS UP LIBRARY, HU SEUM
·
( AP )
LOS ANGE LES
$15 , 000
to
-
Nip'.) T.
The Ame rican Ind ian acto r,
Strongheart , willed
est ab lish a library and uuseum ato ut· lthe Yakima Ind i an Tribe .
76,
Strongh e art ,
also left all hi s co llectio n of Indian artifac t s and book s to
$10, 000
th e .library and bequeaired
He di e d last De c emb e r 30t h .
The museum
and
to the t ribal counc i l for a s cho larship fund .
library will be admini stered by t h e Yakima Ind ian National
Tribal Counc i l at Toppni s h , Washington.
The ranainder of S tro ngheart ' s
e state was left to hi s fri e nd s and hi s so n,
C al ifo r ni a .
( From
t h e Po rtland . .,Even ing Expr es s ,
WINDOW RO CK ,
Ari z .
FEMALE
(AP)
Daniel F.
Strongh eart ,
9/28/67 )
43,
$50, 000
of Acampo ,
F IRST
- Mrs . Kathleen Arvi so is the
fir st Navajo woman
to hold an adnin i s trative po sition in t h e t r ibal government .
Hr s . Arviso , marri ed and th e mother o f thr e e boys and one girl, recently
was named adm ini s trative a s s i stant to Raymond Nakai, ele c t ed c hairman of the
N avajo Tribe , the nation ' s large s t Ind ian g ro up .
S h e has be en employed by the tribe sinc e
1957.
Haskell Institute and the Univ er sity of Ari zo na .
a tribal employe e ,
( From
t h e Portland Evening Expr es s ,
Mrs . Arvi so attended
He r husband,
Tommy,
also is
10/6/67 )
-
BOOK SE T
S
11 MIRACIE HILL 11
FORTH N AVAJ O BOY ' S STRU GGLE 'IO LEARN NEW
LIFE
The childhoo d and · boyhood recolle ction s of a Navajo Indian , Emerson Black
hor s e " Barney" Mit che ll, now a student at Fo rt Lewi s Coll eg e , Durang o , Col0rado ,
have b e e n publ i sh ed by the University of Oklahoma Pre s s as "Miracle Hill " ,
Criti c s h ail h i s e ffort , b egun a s a high schoo l . exerc i s e for Mrs . T . D .
All e n 1 s class in c reative writing at th e Institute of Ameri c an Indian Arts in
S ant a Fe , New Mexi c o , as " rem arka ble "
Lo s Angel e s Tirae s , "unu su al and very
(
)
charming "
Publi she r ' s Weekly ,
New Mexic an , Santa F e .
)
and
11A
(
O
rarity in the publ i shing field "
" Barney" Mit chell has , to us e hi s own wo rd s :
writing so it will be rem embered somed ay . "
of a Navajo boy as he grows up ,
( The
" Put th e past hi sto ry in
The r e su lt is the autobiography
corae s into cont a ct with the wh ite world,
att emp t s to und er stand and l e arn it s ways .
Hi s book be gins f rom memorie s dating b a ck to
age
4
and
wh en h e . i s a half-wild
little boy t ending h i s grandmoth er ' s S1eep on the Navajo Res ervation . . . .
end s in
1964,
( From
It
whe n he begi n s hi s stu di e s at th e Institute o f Americ an Indian Art s .
Indi an Record , U . S . Bureau o f Indian Affair s , Washingto n ,
D.C.
}
�(19 )
MISCELLANFDU S NEWS
- Governor Kenne th N . Curt is and his Execut ive Counci on f :-·-+ ,,,2:1b e r :: :� :.11
�pproved a reque st by the Department of Education fo r fund s wit h whi ch last
year ' s suc c e ssful " school breakfast " program could be co ntinued at th e Plea Rant
Point and Peter Dana Point Pas s amaquoddy sch oo ls .
The $2, 001') grant ed w:l. 11
pay for five enploye es and kit chen e quipment need ed for the extra meal .
Hot
lunches are already provided; Federa l fund s provi de the fo o d for th e meals .
- T'ne se corrl annual open hou se at the Poland Spring s Job Corp s Cent er ,
on Septemb e r 17th, f eatured a di splay by the Cent er ' s Indian Club, a gro up o f
2 0 g ir l s repres ent ing 17 different tribe s .
The di splay, whi ch inc luded a
ful l- size, highly authentic t ep ee , was tend ed by Mi s s Meli s s a Bear, a Sho shone
from S aJnon, Idaho , and Mi s s No nna Hernand e z , an Apache from Sinton, Texas .
- Will Rogers , Jr. , ha s been sworn i n a s special a ssi sta nt . t o th e U . S .
Commissione r o f Indian Affairs .
'Th e acto r, who i s p art Cherok ee Indian, and
the son of th e late humo ri st , has been a consultant to the Bureau o f Indian
Affair s fo r t he past ye ar .
He as sumed his new duties on September l Bth .
- The Bangor Dai ly News of Septemb er 23rd-24th, carri ed a feature story
on Mr s . Phylli s l cGrane, Penobs cot Tribal r.iemb er and fo nn er resident of Ind ian
Islam .
The arti cle d e scribed Mrs . McGrane ' s suc cessful comp letion of the
state 1 s high s choo l equivalency test, h er current training as a Community Aide
with Penobs c ot County ' s Cornri.unity Action Progra.IJ., and her work with Dr. John
Romanyshyn, pro f e s s or of so cial welfar e at the University o f Maine , in Orono .
- The prob lem of provid ing l egal s ervi ce s to Indians on res ervat ions wi l l
be d i s cus s e d at a conference of Legal Servi c e s Program dire c tor s and law s choo l
pro f e s s or s Septemb er 2 9 and 3 0 a t the U . C . L . A . Conference Center , in Ca l iforn ia .
The conference wi l l serve to encourage law s choo l s and laH s tudents to par tic
ipate more a c t ive l y in the ef for t to bring legal help to Indians , and a s a train
ing program for LSP dir e c t or s .
It is b e ing spon sored by the Off i ce o f Economic
There
Opp o r tun i ty ' s Le gal Serv i c e s Program and the Univer s i ty of Ca l i fornia .
are 1 3 Legal S ervice s Agen c i e s in 14 s ta t e s t hat s erve Indians l iving on r e s er vat ion s .
( S e e s t ory o n next page )
- The f ir s t o ff i c i a l me e t ing o f the Penob scot Tr ibal R e s ervat ion Hous ing
Autho r i ty was h e ld on Oc tob er 1 1 t h , at Ind ian Is land , at tended by o ffic i a l s
o f t h e Hous ing As s i s tance Admin i s trat ion (New York) and t h e Depar tme n t of Ind ian
Affair s .
The me e t ing was devo ted to legal organ i za t ion , ado p t ion of by-laws
and a s e a l , e le c t ion of o f f icer s , e t c .
The Author i ty ' s Chairman is Mat thew
Sappier ; Comn:i. s s ioner Mat theu Mi tche l l Mi t che l l , Sr . , wa s e lected Vi c e - Chairman ;
the Secre tary i s Ni cho las Dow ; and Commi s s ioner Irving Ranco was e lected Treasurer .
·
INDIANS
•
•
•
PLAY MAJOR
PART IN
NATIONAL FOLK
FES TIVAL
'111 i s year Ind ian s wi l l par t icipate in the 3 0 th annual Nat ional Folk
Syracu s e , N . Y . , November 1 3- 2 2 , on the occas ion of the Cen tenn ial
the l!at ional Grange , the o lde s t farm organi zat ion in the Un i t ed
S t a te s , (under the d ir e c t ion o f ) Sarah Ger trud e Kno t t , Dire c tor of Programs ,
uho founde d the fe s t iva l in S t . Lou i s in 1934 .
Pre s ident Lyndon B . John son
and New York ' s Governor He l son Rocke fe l l er wi l l be on hand to open the Cen tennial
.
Monday , November 1 3 th . . . .
In the ye ar s s ince the fir s t Nat i ona l F o l k F e s t iva l ��as he ld , par tic ipa t ing
Ind i an group s have inc lud e d the Cheroke e s from Nor th Caro l ina and Ok lahoma ,
the Cr eeks , Os age s , Wichi t a s , Kiowas and Caddo s from Oklahoma , the Sioux from
t he D ako t as , Nava j o s from Ar i zona and New Mex i co , and Zuni , Jeme z , I s l e t a s ,
the Tao s , and Me s c a l ero Apache s from New Mex ico , Iro quo i s from New York , Winri e
bago s from W i s con s in , the Ut e s from Co lorad o , and the Semino l e s from F l or ida .
Every Nat iona l F o lk F e s t ival
has fea tured the s ong s and dance s of one qr more
F e s t iva l at
Conven t ion of
• • •
tr ibe s .
(From the Ind i an Re cord ,
U.S.
Bure�u
of
Ind i an A f fair s ,
Oc tober 1 9 6 7 )
�LEGAL PROGRAM IS E S TAB LI S HED
TO SERVE PAS HIHG T01'i COU1'1'IY IND IGEI !'l
MACHIAS - 1 1 The lau can opera t e as an enemy of peop l e who are trying to
e s cape from pover ty . "
Thi s is a b eginn ing s t atemen t made in an o f f i c ia l
pamphl e t en t i t le d The Poor S eek Jus t ic e , produced by the f eder al government
for the l e g a l s e rv i c e s program of t he war on pover ty , under the Office of
E conomi c Oppor tun i t y .
Pine Tr e e Le gal A s s i s tance , Inc . , a non-pr o f i t corporat ion , is current ly
b e ing e s t ab l i s he d in Hashing ton County through the O . E . O . Legal S ervi ce s Program
for tho s e per sons not ab le to afford a lawyer .
D avid F . Gou l d , a Bangor a t torney , t o l d the News Thurs day that a fu l l
t ime o f f i ce i s b e ing supported and spon s or e d by the l'1aine Dar A s s o c iation , in
Machias .
Gou ld , \·1ho head s the Machias o ff i c e , no ted tha t i t was located
above the Merr i l l Trus t Company and in the Has hing ton County Regiona l Ac tion
Agency o f f i c e • • • •
The mi s s ion o f Pine Tree Legal As s i s tance , Inc . , i s l i s ted as three :
- to provide legal s ervi c e s to tho s e in ne ed of them ;
- to e ducate peop l e as to the l egal r ights they nm·1 po s s e s s ; and
- to p inpoin t areas of the l aw that adver s e ly affect the poor ,
so as to e f f e c t reform or s e cure leg i s lat ive ac t ion .
The s t a te -wide organ i za t ion , one of the f ir s t in the coun try
is d e s igned
t o prov ide a ful l r ange of legal s ervi c e s involving both c iv i l and cr imina l
ma t ter s
The Pine Tr e e c oncept uas f ormulated dur ing the tenure o f At torney
Wi l l i am B . Ta lb o t , of l1achias , whi l e he l-las pre s ident of the Maine Bar A s s o c
iat ion
1 ".'1e haven ' t turned anyone mvay ye t , wi thout rendering s ome d egre e
of a s s is t ance , 1 1 Gould said , and exp l a ined that s o - c a l l e d red t ape i s kep t at
Tho s e no t
a minimum , a s to e s t ab l i s hing qua l i f icat ions for l egal servic e s .
qual if ie d ar e r ef erred to pr ivate prac t i t ioner s f or proper a s s i s tance , he said .
The pre s en t Maine cour t sys tem provides a lawyer only in cas e s involving
f e l on i e s and wher e the su s p e c t e d o f f ender is dec l ared indigen t .
The Pine
Tree Legal As s i s tance a s s oc i at ion s ervic e s p i cks up wher e the cour t s leave of f .
Al s o , in c ae e s wher e the cour t has appo inted coun s e l for the ind igen t , the
L . S . P . a t torney works many t ime s with the appointed couns e l .
Gou ld s aid h i s o f f ice wi l l b e open Honday through Fr iday from 8 : 35 a . m .
t o 5 : 00 p . m . and i s p l ann ing " ex t ens ive i t ineran t s ervi ce s " i n the n ear future
to b e t ter serve Washing ton Coun ty .
Penob s c o t Leg i s la t ive Repr e sent
(From the E angor Dai ly News , 9 / 1 6- 1 7/ 6 7 .
a t iv e John Ne l son i s a member o f the board of d ir e c tor s of Pine Tr e e Legal
As s i s t an c e , Inc .
'Ihe Penob scot County of fice of th e asso ciation i s lo c at ed
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
194
•
•
•
•
at
•
•
•
Exchange Street , Bango r . - Ed . )
WILL ROGERS , J R . ,
OCALA ( AP )
as s i stant to the
ASKS H ISTORY OF IlJDIAN S
Will Roger s , Jr. , son of t he late humori st and a special
(U . S . ) Commissioner of Indian Affair s , told an aud ie n:::: e of
Seminole Indians yesterday he wo uld like to s e e a coherent h i story o f the Amer
i c an Indian includ ed in U . S . his tory book s .
" I don ' t mean a few words here and
t here through a hi story boo k , but a careful study of the Indians, following in
proper sequenc e , " Rogers s ai d .
Ro ger s spok e · at a Seminole pow-wow at Silver Spring s,
400
tribal oemb er s .
attended b y nearly
" It h as only b een si nc e World War II that Ind ians in Amer
i c a b e gan coming out of the ir shells •
arrl your hi sto rical background,
• •
By all means , keep your language,
co stumes
and your st ep into the whit e man ' s world will be
all th e better, 11 Rog ers s ai d • • • •
(Frora the St . Pet ersburg (Fla . ) Time s,
10/1/67
Submitted by a reader . )
�• __
;- '
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Oct. 1967)
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
Date
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1967-10
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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Document
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/91c3490e6b84bc49ff458ca2b028c683.pdf
e821ca5df8e38bd6464a6dfdddc01000
PDF Text
Text
VOLUME 2, NUMBERS 1 & 2
August & September 1967
PROCLAFATION
Given at the Council Chamber in Boston this third day of
November 1755 in the twen t y - ninth year of the Reign of
our Sovereign Lord George the Second by the Grace of God
of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King Defender of the
Faith.
By His Honour's co1wand
J. Jill rd, Seery.
God SJve the King .
whereas the tribe of Penobscot �ndians have repeatedly
in a perfidious manner acted contrary to their solemn sub
mission unto his i'tiajasty long since made and frequently
renewed.
I have, therefore, at the desire of the House of Repre
sentatives
thought fit to issue this Proclamation and to
declare the Penobscot Tribe of Indians to be enemies, rebels
and traitors to his Ma je s ty
And I do hereby require
his Majes t y ' s subjects of the Province to ewbrace all op�or
tunities of purs uing, captivating, killing and destroying all
and every of th e aforesaid Indians.
And whereas the General Court of this Province have voted
that a bounty
be granted and allowed to be �clid
out of the Frovince Treasury
the premiums of bounty
following viz. :
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
For every scalp of a male Indian brqught in as evidence
of their being killeJ as aforesaid, forty pounds .
For every scalp of such female Indian or. wale Indian
under the age of twelve years that shall be k ill e d and b ro ught
in as evid�nce of their being killed as aforesaid, t�enty pounds.
In the House of Rep res e n t a t ive s June 10, 1756:
For every Indian enemy thclt they shall kill and produce
the s c alp to the Gover...nment and Council in evidence, the
sum of three hu n dred pounds.
Also, voted, that t h e same allowance be made to privat e
persons who shall
ki ll any Indiun eneiuy which is made
to soldiers on the frontiers of the province.
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(Cont'd p. 2)
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1)
(Continued from Page
(Editor's Note:
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Recently we hap�ened to come upon
at the Maine Historical Society Library in
vJe thou.�ht it was about ti.....11e people realized that
not
&
general custom of the
bhis proclamation
Portland,
'cline.
;iscalping" was
Indians in this area until
the French
and the English taught them how to do it.
·
we haven't found any specific treaty nullifying this
proclamation,
so
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Wil lamette University Students Work on Housing Project
Eiglt students from
Willamette University spent their spring vaca
tion working on the housing project here on the Swinomish Reserva
tion.
The group wanted to accor.i:ilish soi .ething vrnrthwhile during
their vacation,
anted soue physical labor.
night during the basketball finals.
from ;.7ashington and Oregon,
fornia were represented.
ma� rooms,
and floors.
although Alaska,
(From The Seagul l,
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and Cali
Several of the girls installed insulation
70
doors.
They have been one of the better
groups which has worked on the houses.
La Conner,
Colorado,
While here the group nailed gabeling up,
and painted approximately
Comraunity,
They caBe Sunday
Nost of the young people are
�·Je offer
our
thanks to theru.
Published at the Swinomish Indian Tribal
·uashington�
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APRICOTS AGAIN
There are hundred,s of foods which were unknovm to the early
European explorers until the American Indian presented these foods
to them.
The following is an old
want to try.
Indian beverage which you may
E lsewhere in the Newsletter this month you �ill
find other recipes for snacks which the Indians also enjoyed.
This first recipe is taken from The Art Of American Indian Cooking.
Apricot Drink
(Makes
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2
1
1.
2.
3.
8-10
servings)
pound dried apricots
quarts water
cup honey
Simmer the apricots .in l� quarts for
Put through
a
food mil l or puree in a
Mix in the remaining wa.ter and honey,
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30
minutes.
blender
chi l l
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until smooth.
rve l l,
and served iced.
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Our mail
Besure an·d send in your news, stories and conunents.
·has been rather heavy for the last few Llonths but we are going to
Starting on the next
try and print more letters from Maine Indians.
page wou wil l find some that are very interesting.
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�- 3 � D I
EDI'rOR.
T 0
R I
h
L
S
F.UGBNIA (THOi·rnS) 'rHOhF.:JON
(Penobscot)
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.The ��ine Indian Newsletter is Maine's only state-wide Indian
newsletter, and is free of charge.
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publica
tion at the follo�ing address:
Pine Street
Free�ort, Naine, 04032
865-4253)
(Telephone:
Letters to the Editor are welcome but must conform to the rules
required by every newspaper.
They oust bear the writer's correct
mrune and address although pen names are permitted at the discre
tion of the Editor.
All letters must be si·ned though names will
be withheld from publication on request.
�reference till be
given to letters not over 350 1ords in lencth.
Letters are subject
to condensation or editing when space limitations require and to
correction of gram.mer or obvious errors.
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MUSEUM
An Eagle Feather to hr. Ray Fadden for his enlightening
lecture and tour while visiting the Six Nations Indian ruseum
in Onchiota, Few York.
Onchiota is in the .Adirondack iiountains
just 2G miles from Lake Placid.
The Museum is open daily from 9 A.�. to 8 P.M.
It's worth a special trip to see this achievement.
The longest
beaded record belt in the rnrld is housed in the museum and was
explc..ined to us by Hr. Fadden 1 s son, an Indian arti•st v-1h_ose \1ork
�ay be seen in the museum.
The visitor way wander freely along the puths throuGh the woods
in back of the tiuseum and see replica storage houses, Lliniature
Iroquois, Abenaki, Lakota, Dela\1are and Mohi::;an villages.
Firewood is laid out' to show many kinds of Indi&n fires, some
of which were used on special occasions.
Mr. Fadden especially extended an invitation to tie Indians of
Maine to visit.the museum and to talk with the Indians there.
When I introduced my self as a Penobscot Indian from Old Town,
Maine, Mr. Fadden mentioned the Fhillips fa.uily :
(Mohawk) which moved to the Penobscot Reservation ill2.11f years ago.
Hr. Fadden also knew my grandfather, Evans Phillips, a
ember of
this family.
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Don't forget to send your news in for next month's issue.
your friends know what you are doing.
Let
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(EDI·j�QRV�LS Continued)
Letters to the �ditor:
Dear Sirs:
Please send me the Maine Indinn Newsletter.
I have just finished
reading one.
I am from the I enobscot Reservation of Old To�m.
Sincerely,
Horace G. Polchies
Bridgeport, Comn
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Dear Jean:
Enclosed is my slip for the Indian Newspaper.
l�lso to tell you of my brother appointment as sheriff.
You have
Murray Mitchell, who is my son & is a State Police.
My brother is
George Warren Viitchell appointed ( Deputy) Sheriff of \·lashington
County.
There is so many Georges in the family, its hard to
keep seperated.
I like your paper very much.
Sincerely,
Hilda Gray
(Scarborough, Me. )
( In the July issue of the Newsletter I mentioned that �urray Mitchell
had been ap1:,ointed deputy sheriff; ·as the abov� let tar explains,
this was wrong.
Murray r�i tchell wa.s appointed to the S tate Police,
alittle over a year ago.
(He was the first Maine Indian to become
a member of the State Police.) And as the let ter explains it was
George Mitchell who is the Deputy Sherrif in ti/ashington County.
See page 19 of this issue for a story regarding George :Mitchell.
My husband and I were sorry to hear of this incident, but am glad
to know Depu'£y !VIitchell is recovering satisfactorally. -Ed.)
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(Ed. 1rote:
The following let ter was sent to ·Mr. George La Porte,
mentioned in preqious Newsletters. This copy was sent to the
Newslet ter as the Postscript will explain. )
)
Dear Mr. La Porte,
I am very sorry that I have not flrote you sooner, but I have
First
been real busy lately since I have no work out side of home.
of all_ I wan t you to know I am a Chippewa Indian.
I worked for
Project Enable here in Minneapolis as an Social iide. I never
worked ·on reservation.
I worked here in the city, bu t I am hoping
by telling you my experiences I may be of some help to you.
I
will start from the begtnning of wy experience$.
I am a mother of 8 childreri and I am alone with them.
My
I can tell you I used to be a mother
husband and I are divorced.
who thought people didn't care about other people.
I never went
anywhere or did anything. Then T was requested by an Indian person
to attend the parent discussion group. He said they were going to
be all Indian people there; only the leader would be white.
They were going to talk about the problems we have with our children
(Continued on page 5)
at home.
�- 5 -
(Lett2rs to the Editor, Continued)
At first I said No, as I didn't really know what good it fould do
me, as people didn't care what har�en to our kids �t hoDe and
people didn't care ab©ut the Indians any- ay.
,so when he ca.i.ie back
the second time, I decided I would go and find out vihat it .. i:ls all
about.
'
So I went.-.
I am telling you I left t he meeting like I left
a load there.
Other people have less kids than rue, but more prob
lems.
I got alot of ideas and pnswers fro� the other wothers.
I
never did misp another meetin after that.
One thing I did do at
the meeting was vote out the all Indian group.
l�s I i1au never been
brought up with just Indians, and every school I ··rent to hu.d a
white teacher, so we then had a mixed grou:p.
I ·,1ent to the meet
ings for some time.
Then the leader we had asked ce if I wanted
to work for Project Enable.
I really didn 1t know what to s,:y, as
I only went to the 9th grade and didn't think an Indian could get
a job like this. ButI ara a person who likes to help peo1)le,
It
so that is really what made me apply for the job, and I got it.
surprised me to know some one was willing to give me a chance.
I went
''vhen I first started I didn't do my job right I knm1.
out and knocked on doors and to take people to �elfare office for
help and so on.
But when I went to team meetings and staff meetings
I only sat and listened to t ,e other worker�.
Then· one of the
leaders said to me one day, do you always agree in what people say,
and I said no.
Then she said, why don't you speak up in these
meetings.
I said, ·1ho is going to listen to me.
I never went far
in school and all of us Indians don't know it all.
She said that
is why you got this job as we Hant to hear what you have to say too.
From then on I was never afraid to talk.
she was a great help to
me.
I learned a
Everyone I worked riith helped me in ..:.iany ·mys.
great deal from this job; I have corue closer to my children and I
know an Indian has just as much right in this world as anyone else.
One thing how I knew Project Enable was a proc;raLl th ...-' t WC::.3 out
to help people: when I first became a rarent in the group meetings,
my apartment was condemned and the land (lord) was going to hold ruy
furniture.
Then I told at the meeting 7hat was going on.
On the
day I was ready to move, I had the whole Enable staff at my ·door
step to help me and nothing more was said, from the landlord I mean,
but it sure is nice to know people will help out.
I have had my up and downs in this job.
I have had people tell
me they didn't want Indians at their door, but I over-looked all
this and kept on with the job.
Right now I aw sorry it is over.
We were not re-funded, but I am ap}, ying for another job I hope will
be all Froject Enable.
I sure hope I have been some help to you, as I know it is a
But
tough job to get people out and really get through to them.
with all the let downs and what not, I aw sure you can wake it worth
while, as it sure has been worth while for me looking back at it
now.
Please let me know if I was any help and please let me know
how you are coming along.
I will be happy to know, an please feel
free to write me and ask questions.
If I can help you out, I sure
will.
I will be waiting to hear from you.
PleaGe excuse mistakes and
hand writing.
I always say I never got my j ob for ny writing and
spelling.
If they did hire on those terms I would of never made it,
(ha ha ) .
I wish you all the luck in the world.
Sincerely
(Cont'd on p. 6)
Sylvia Thohlpson
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Cont'd
5)
from page
(P .s.)
I here by give my permission for this letter to be published
in
your Maine Indian Newsletter, I hope I have been of soLle
helu to
bther people.
I would be glad to answer any questions if �e ple
would like to write.
Thanks,
�
;_;
hrs.
Sylvia 'rho:ill't>on
3201
Rurriet Ave.
So.
f-tinneappoles
55408
Minn.
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Dear I1rs.
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Thompson:
Our office
paper,
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publishes
approxi�ately ten
i'The Seneca Natmon Newsletter",
(10)
issues
a
year of our
and we Hould be very interested
in exchanging our issues for your isaues if this is
possible.
�ay
Thank you very much.
I hear from you soon in this matter.
Very sincerely yo�rs,
( Ed.
note:
SENECA NATION
.OF INDI.... NS
Just prior to receiving the above letter I had gathered
together some information to do an artcle on the Senecas.
9.
of this article will be found on page
Newsletter starts coming in
I will from time to tifile include articles
which uill be of intzrest to our readers,
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The start
s soon cs the Seneca
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spa,CE:IJ?erroits.)
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Respected .t-:;aine Indian Newsletb�r
I
Dear Editor·,
.
I received the
Thank
Your
June
1967
You very much for
'
issue of the i'·iAii�E
You sent me
paper is very interesting,
of the American
Indians'
I read the article called
this.
INDIAN llJ"E;JSLBT'rl�H.
I am very hap�_.>y for it.
it talks about every i��ortant woraent
today life.
150
"The Penobscots
years ago" and the
letter of Buffy Sainte-t1iarie es11ecially ';/ith interest.
beautiful record of Buffy Sainte-Marie.
is
I
•r
The nai.ile of
I have
the record
a
"It's my way".
should have an other
ask,
if
You have an older issue of the
·
M1, INE INDIA1\f NE : S LET TE R what You don't need,
1-:ilease send it to me.
Yours sinceraly:
JOZ£EF
ACS
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Dear Sir or Nadam:
I have received one or tVJo issues of the b.AI�� INDIAN N:t.!J,J ...:.LETTER
and have found
them to provide most illuminatinb readin� on the
current activities and situation of the
Indians in Maine.
(Cont'd on p.
7)
As
I
�- 7 (Letters cont'd from Dage 6)
have not received an issue for more than a raonth, I ara concerned
lest my subscription has expired or the NE .';':>L-�·rT-::� hc..s fallen on
hard times. This letter is simply to ex�ress my inter�st and
concern and my hope that I '.!/ill be receiving r.1ore lE JSLETT:"Ii: S.
If there are anr areas in which you need extra services I Rould
be interested in helping arrange for such services.
I
Sincerely yours,
�. Bradford Greeley
(The First Parish in Portland, haine)
(Ed. note:
Due to vacations and not due to lack of funds the
Newsletter was not published in August. The Ne�sletter does receive
contributions from time to tifile and these enable us to continue
publishing without charging a subscription price. There are certain
advantages in doing this. Our readers are still increasing at a
good rate (although recently e heard where one Newsletter was
circulated among more than a dozen readers) and as these names
are added to the list our costs go up. Recent contributions have
ranged from one dollar to fifty dollars.
I 1ant to thank the�e
contributors.
They may be interested to know that all of the
money they have sent in goes to the actual cost of publishing the
Newsletter, as all of the time and work in putting the Ne�sletter
out is donated.
Usually ten to fifteen people h�ve been i valved
by the time each 1 er.rsletter is com1Jleted.)
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Gentlemen:
It is good to be on y ur mailing list.
Nore power to you!
Bertram D. Scott
North Bridgton, laine
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Dear Mrs. Thompson:
On a family trip thro_up.h Maine, returning from 'Sxpo (Hhere we
stayedwith the Caughnawagas) I was given copies (March & July 1967)
of your remarkable Newslett0r, first by Gov. Joseph 11Jitchell at
Pleasant Point, then by Commissioner Edwerd Hinckley at Augusta.
My interest in Indians is only partly in connection with my
teaching of anthropology, but as a Quaker (Friend) and former
member of regional and national Friends Indian Committees and the
Board of the Indian Rights Association, Philadelphia, Pu.
Through
a publication of the last-named organization, I had learned something
of Maine Indian problems, especially in the field of law enforcewent
(of crhich I once made a special s�udy among the New York Iroquois) .
On this trip I made no attemp to investigate the law enforce
ment picture (or anything else) to any de�th.
I did mention the
wellk.nown Peter Francis case to some api.;arently well-disposed &
educated white men permanently residing in southe2stern Maine
(where they have sometimes employed Indians).
They felt that the
(Continued on page 8 )
�- 8 -
(Lett8rs cont'd from p. 7)
acquital .ms done according to law, and did not see how the courts
could do any filore nn the basis of tne evidence- in fact it see�ed
possible some other party might be guilty.
Fro.u1 there they \7ent
.
on to say th�t it was a well-known fact that wany crimes of violence
(some connected with liquor, and perhaps even �ncluding murder) went
unreporte� and unpunished 'down on the Point' (probably meaning
Peter Dana, rather than Pleasant Point?) .
If this is so it may
reflect a residual feeling among both Indians & �1hites in the
comrimnity that, as Indian land does not corne under 1white•i law
for some purposes (so.id to�some question over Indian immunity
from State hunting & fishing regulations) , it iilay <."Llso be inappro
priate to enforce the State criminal cotle there.
If there is such a point of view, it calls to mind the refusal,
years ago, of a Florida judge to try an Indinn accused of murdering
another Indian.
Actually, as the Seminoles (& recently l iikasukees)
are de � under Federal jurisdiction, such a i11Urder probably did
not belong in State court, but should have been tried in a Federal court
in thE: first place, under the U.S. "10 Lajor Crimes Act. " But as
Naine Indians were already subjugated by the King of -�ngland, as
being w·ithin one of the 13 original colonies (N. Y. State is
exceptional) , the jurisdictidn of the State of I1eine over such
crime would be the same on or off a �eservation, uhether Indians or
non- Indians were involved·.
In fact, as the PassaIHaquoddy's seem
to have no ·iroceedure for settling even minor criminal matters (or
do they?) , the entire Maine Criminal Gode presu�ably ap�lies on
the reservRtions, the Indian Constable beinG a va�t of the haine
law enforcement system, as much as any other peace officer.
Those
interested should reed about tribal & state powers in Indian affairs
in Felix S. Cohen's "Handbook of the Federal Indian Law of the
United States" (·1ash. , 1942).
Sincerely,
Robert R. Solenberger
Ass't Prof. of Social Science
Bloomsburg State College (Pennsyvania)
(Ed. note:
Any Indians wishing to answer or comment on the above letter may
write to the Newsletter if they �-dsh and we will be glad to forward
your reply on to Professor Solenberger.
· My only other comment �ight now is that in all of the early
treaties I am told that the Indians in this area reserved to them
selves )iunting, fishing and fowling rights," and yet in the case of
State v.. Peter Newell (1892) 84 Me. 465, 24 A. 943, the Court
unceremoniously swept all these rights away with the lame excuse
that these Indians in Maine could not claim to be descended from
Of course the Court
the original abbrigine residing in the area.
did not explain its reasoning any illore than to rely on a former case,
I understand this case has never
Murch v. Tomer ( 184-2) 21 Ne. 535.
been questioned since in the Maine Courts. )
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Any .Penobscot, Passamaquo<ldy or other Indian living in Ma.ine
should feel free to write in to the Newsletter and say what is on
even if you differ from our Editorial point of view his mind,
Your point of view may be better and our readers may be glad to
have a different way of looking at somethin�.
�- 9 FEDERAL GOVT.
SEEKS TO END TIES
;ITH
·� �c_.:i.s
On September 5, 1967 Secretary of the Interior Stewart L. Udall
announced that a proposed bill tp end Federal supervision over
the Seneca Nation of Indians of New York had been sent to Congress.
This was said to be in keeping wmth � Congressional directive.
Indian Commissioner Robert L. Bennett and other represent&tives
from the Bureau of Indian Affairs have held several @eetin�s with
the Senecas to discuss the proble�s.
In a resolution passed by the Seneca Tribal Council it was stated
that the' majority of the Senecas q:•e .�'opposed to altering the
relationship which now exists between the Federal Governu1ent and the
Seneca Nation and specifically (the tribe) is opposed to any forw of
, termination.·
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Legislation passed in August 196 4 awarded the Senecas $15 Qillion
for relocation and. rehabilitation after one-third of their Allegany
It pro
Reservation had been taken for the Kinzua Da-1 Reservoir.
vided for services by the BIA and other Federal agencies in effecting
rehabilitation. But it also required that a plan for the complete
withdrawal of Federal supervision over the property and affairs of
the Seneca Nation and its meubers be submitted to the Congress by
August 31, 1967.
The proposed bill provides that statuees of the Uhited 'tc.tes
which ap�ly to Indians because of their status as Indians shall
cease to apply·to the Senecas on a date to be determined.
fhis
would free the Seneca Tation of Federal control over the use and
disposition of its pro�erty and allow the Indi&ns to use or dispose
of their lands, subject only to state laws.
The draft legislation would go into effect only if ap1roved by a
majority of Seneca eligible voters.
Next month the Newsletter will print Llore about the
(Ed. note:
Senecas, explain what will happen to the $15 million and will include
an Bditorial collllent.)
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POP. CORN
Ue have all hear the story of how the Indiuns showed the
Pilgrims how to grow corn, and brought them turkeys, puwpkins,
and the "magic" pop coru they had never seen.
And r1hen they were
sick and starving, the Indians fed them.
They did the same for the Jamesto�n settlers, Captqin John
Smith's group, and many other early adventurers.
The fact is, the Indians had many wonderful food products,
unknown to the rest of the world.
And of these they gave freely,
and with open hearts, to those strhnge people with pale skins, who
had come from over the sea.
(Cont'd on p.
10)
�- 10 (Pop Corn,
Cont 1d.
fro.. t
p. 9)
Columbus took home the
first chocolate
ialter Raleigh went home with tobacco
becalile the chief crop of Ireland.
Scores
cranberries brought Euroreans their first
Europe had ever seen.
and the potuto, r1hich soon
of ships loaded 1.dth
S ir
nQtive Alilerican fruit.
returned to Europe with Indian's sweet corn, squash, tolliatoes,
green beans, lima beans, peppers, peanuts, rhubarb.
In f&ct the
Indians gave the world about 30 different fruits and vegetable
s
which were unknown in so-called "civilized ii lands.
. . .
Others
(From the RED CLOlJD
Fine Ridge,
South Dakota.)
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IIIDIAN SCHOOL,
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(Ed. note:
The following is the final installfilent of the article
taken from RAf.'1P11....."qTS , tiarch 1967.)
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The American Indians, victims of one of the r:10st brutal colonial
wars in modern history and many of them living today on reservations
in total colonial subjugation, face cultural and �conoDic problems
of a similar order.
Political problems, owinc; to the Indians'
condition as a fragmented minority, are quite different, although
it is :;,,Jossible tho.t tlrn widely scattered trioes might one day join
in common political action.
It has been propos.ed that t e governuent,
national" treaties wi'th most Indian nations,
aid11
uhich concluded "inter
should dispense
to the victims of our colonial expansion.
this perpetuate the
Indians'
but it begs the central
?-
11fore gn
But not only rrnuld
dependency on the white government,
question of reservation control.
All the
Indians are asking is total control of all the lands g�anted to
the1tl by trea.ty.
t"Ji th f'e'Wexceptions, this is precisely v1hat the
federal and state governments are refusing to do.
The Passamaquoddys are deterr.1ined not to disap::_)ear as
a
tribe.
They did not fight the American Revolution to integrute into the
white man's world;
as others did,
on the contrary.
separately if they so chose,
tyranny of a unitary
subjects.
They fought the. Revolution,
for the freedom to iliive and worship and do business,
by themselves,
not to s�bmit to the
state of which they would be second-class
All the Passa�aquoddys want is t�e chance to get the
w�ite man off their backs - for once and for all.
it be·�ossible to have genuine coexistence,
desired,
on an equal footing.
still perhaps
Elementary,
Only then will
�nd_integration,
one rrnuld think,
if
but
too difficult for the more simpler.1inded civil rights
advocates to understand.
DID
YOU KNOW THAT
the
sand,
women of the Narragansett and Penobscot tribes dug deep pits in
lined them with hot stones,
and seaweed,
filled them with shellfish
and invented the clambake?
much the same way,
They baked dried beans ill;.<.
;
somet-imes leaving them buried in the ground
for several days to buble gently with maple sugar.
long and slow cooking,
After such
the beans came from the oven nutty and
..
rich and lightly glazed with fragrant sugar syrup.
(From The Art Of American
Indian Cooking.)
. ·
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;lr,1,.., -.'f ·i
3...,;r-1'..r;';-. .
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CURTIS EYES FEDERAL AID TO ASSIST INDIAN PROILEM
AUGUSTA (AP) - Gov. Curt is me t with gover�10rr: ot :!air,'"' s th:cc.e Indi.�r.
reservat ions Tuesday , heard a repor t by a spe c ial s tudy commlttee and asked
for spe c i f i c aid projec t s to be l i s ted so that federal he lp can be sough t .
The needs o f the re servat ions are many , Cur t is said , but there are
federal and state agencie s and programs capable of helping to mee t tho se needs.
The mee t ing was held to discuss a report filed by a commi t tee headed
by Clyde E. Bar t l e t t , who is now r e t ir ing as dire ctor of the Maine Office of
Economic Oppor tuni ty.
The five -man t ask force named by Cur t i s in March
repor ted that the need s are gr eat in s ix areas.
The areas are sani tation.
facili t i e s , hous ing , community or tribal hal l s , road wor k , scho o l s and employ•
ment.
A bond i s sue before the vo ters September 1 2 th would provide funds for
water and sewerage on the reservat ions .
Because the Indians on re servat ions
do not own proper ty individually , i t was sugge s ted that hous ing authori t i e s
be created so that the U. s . Hous ing A s s i s tance Administrat ion could provide
housing developmen t s which would r e quire contributions only for maintenanc e.
Each of the three e l ementary schoo l s on the re servat ions should have
an extra room , the commi t tee said.
I t re commended that ways be found to
encourage the Ind ian children to at tend high school , which they wou ld have to
do in nearby towns .
The Penob scot re servat ion on Indian Island in Old Town has 26 . 7 per cent
of its s cho ol age children enrol led in se condary scho o l s , somewhat below the
statewide average of 33 . 4 per cent .
However, the Pas samaquoddy reservat ion
at ( Indian Township in Princ e t on) has only 1 2.1 per cent of i ts chi ldren in
high s chool and the Pleasant Point reserva t ion ( in Perry ) has 1 7.6 per cent .
The task force re commended that funds be sought from the Neighborhood
Facilit ies Gran t program of the-U . s. Hous ing and Urban Developmen t Agency for
recreation facili tie s.
Neighborhood Youth Corps should be formed to build
recreat ion areas with the federal government to supply e quipment , i t said.
Curt is s aid the S t a t e Highway Commi ssion could be asked for help with
road problems .
Unemployment on the Penobscot r e servation was found to be above the
statewide average , at about e ight per cent of per sons available for work .
But
i t was considerab ly higher than.that on the two Passamaquoddy reserva t ions.
The task force noted , however , that those re serva tions are in tJashington Coun ty ,
which has the highes t unemploymen t rate in the s t ate for non-Indians as we l l
a s Indians.
(From the Bangor Dai ly News , 8 / 2 3/ 6 7 )
·
"OU TSIDERS" AWAKEN MAINE IND IANS
by Jo Ann Levine
S taff wri ter of The Chr ist ian Sc ience Moni tor
Most long-t ime r e s ident s of the commun i t ies near the Passamaquoddy Indian
Reservat ions in Maine feel that "outsiders'' have needle s sly s t irred up the
tr ibe .
In the last of three ar t icle s on the Passamaquoddies , a corre spondent
of The Chr i s t ian Sc ience �..oni t or descr ibes the role of some of these " outsider s "
and the reac tions to their presence.
( The f i r s t ar ticle i n t h e ser ie s , ''R i s ing
Expectations S t ir Ind ians of Maine , " was reprinted in the June Newsle t ter ; the
.
second , " Maine Indians Find a Vo ice , " appeared in the July News le t ter. - Ed . )
PERRY, MAINE • ''Why , I ' ve never seen the Indians so st irred up!"
" I'll tell you , i t ' s the ' outside agi ta tors who are causing all the trouble . "
To those wistful people who remember the Passamaquodd ies as always be ing
"so peaceful and so appreciative , " the "outside agitators" are:
(Continued on· Page 1 2 )
�c 2)
"OUTSIDERS" AWAKEN
(Cont inued from Pace 11)
•
-
•
•
•
"A cer tain young lawyer who has come to town . "
" Tho s e draf t-dodging VISTA boys . "
The new director o f the Communi ty Ac tion Program .
Newspaper repor ters and magaz ine wr i ters .
Don C . Ge l ler s , a Columbia Law School graduate , moved to Eas tpor t about
f ive year s ago and , shor t ly af t er , became involved in working on a land case
again s t Mas s achu s e t t s and Maine , whi ch , i f won , wou ld help rect ify the land
l o s s e s of the Pas samaquoddy Ind ians .
It is b e l ieved that Mr. Ge l lers wi l l try the case in Ma s s achuse t ts in the
near future.
In 1 794 the Pas samaquodd ies made a tr eat;ywi th Mas s achuse t t s
which said they wou ld s top roaming over the s tate and confine themse lve s to 1 7
i s lands , 1 0 0 acre s of land at Pleasan t Point , and a township nor th of what now
i s Pr inceton .
When Maine b ecame a s tate in 1820 , Ma s sachuse t t s allot ted 395 , 000 additional
acr e s to the Indians , bu t Maine then_sold the land to other s .
Now only 1 7 , 000
acre s remain at Indian Township and 100 acres at Pleasant Poin t .
Mr. Ge l lers is be ing paid by the Indian Rights As sociation in Phi lade lphia ,
s ince the State of Maine refused to al low h i s fee to be paid out of the Indians '
tru s t fund .
The fund now holds about $ 70 , 000 , although $ 1 0 , 000 a year i s
added to i t i n r e turn for s tumpage removed from Indian land .
Mr. G e l l er s , who has b ecome almost to tal ly involved in the prob lems of
the Maine Indians , i s a cont�over s ial f igure both on and o f f the re servat ions .
Some say h i s " fore ign ways" don 't 11set" we l l wi th Maine people .
Joe Mitche l l , Governor o f the Pleasant Point Reserva t ion , says : "Ge l ler s
was hired to work on the land case .
Ins tead of that , he come s up here and
medd le s in everything that goes on .
My job i s to keep peace on the r e s ervation .
I wasn ' t e le c t ed to s t ir up any kind of t roub le . "
I t i s Mr. Mit che l l ' s contention that Mr. G e l l er s was elected as tribal
a t t orney by a former governor and counci l and that this i s no t binding on the
pre sent governor and counc i l .
John S t evens , Governor o f the Ind ian Township
Re serva t ion , doe s no t agree .
" Through Don ' s help , I know my way around bet ter and I know how tp defend
myse l f .
If i t weren ' t for Don, I would have been gone long ago . "
Any Ind ian who i s ant i-Ge l ler s receive s approval from mos t s tate officials
and l ocal townspeople.
" He put s words in the ir mouths , " was heard over and over from tho se who
felt the Ind ians wou ld no t be complaining i f it weren ' t for Mi:'. Gel ler s .
" That s ays a l o t about the local a t t itude toward Indians , " says Mr . Ge l ler s .
Four VISTA (Volunteer s in Service to America) worker s have served on the
The
The ,Indians have asked for eight more .
r e s erva tions in the past year · .
fir s t year ( 1966-6 7) wa s a " learning year" for VISTA , f or the tribe s , and for
the vo lunteer s who s erved as ''f ir s t s" in the s tate .
Two o f the four vo lunteer s to the Pas samaquoddy reservat ions left before
serving a ful l year. When one volunteer was t rans ferred from Pleasant Point
to Pet er Dana Point by the VISTA regional office in New Yor k , the Indians
sent around a p e t i t ion pro t e s t ing the move .
He s taye d .
B o t h volunt eers at Pleasant Point happened t o be consc ient ious ob j ec tor s ,
�e State Indian Agent called them
and at t ime s they l e t the ir beards ·grow .
"dr a f t dodger s , " and the beard s were looked upon with suspicion by resident s
of surrounding small to�ms .
·The two VISTA worker s at Pleasant Po int have been tu tor ing pr es chool-age
Both que s t ion j u s t how good an educat ion the Indian children are
chi ldr en .
(Cont inued on Page 1 3)·
�(13)
"OUTS IDERS" AWAKEN
(Cont inued from Page l?.)
•
•
•
•
getting .
Only·one Indian from Pleasant Po int graduated from high s choo l
last year .
Recen t ly , the Indians won what they cons ider to be a maj or battle with
the state .
They pro t e s t ed loudly when the po s s ibi l i ty arose that the ir
scho o l s might be closed becaus e they were "rac ial ly imbalanced . "
John Stevens
said , "As if we were really d i s criminating against the white people . "
Af ter an on-s ite inspe c t ion and study , the United S tate s Off ice of
Education dec ided that the scho o l s did no t violate federal desegrega tion laws ,
that the chi ldren from nearby communities ar e e l ig ib l e to attend the scho o l s
should they choose t o do s o .
A f e w Indian children i n grade s one through
e ight do at tend s choo l off the reservati on .
Roman Cathol i c nuns teach in
Two nun s teach grades one through
the pub l i c schoo l s on the two r e s ervations .
e ight-at Peter Dana Point , and thre e teach the same grade s at Pleasant Point.
The only church on bo th reservations is a Catho l i c chur ch .
Michael
Soon another bearded "outs ider " will be seen on the r e s ervations .
Raskin was s e l ected by the Indian s as director of the new Pas samaquoddy
Communi ty Act ion Program .
The Tr ibe was granted $ 23 , 000 in an tipoverty funds
as of las t January .
Mr. Raskin is in his ear ly 20 ' s , wear s a long beard , and also happen s
to be a con s c ient ious ob j e ctor .
One Indian remarked : "We don ' t think much
of C . O . ' s be cause all our boys have been in service . "
In the mee t ing which se lec ted Mr . Raskin over ano ther appl ican t , his
app lication was strongly suppor ted by Mr . Gel ler s .
The lawyer says Mr. Raskin
is a topnotch communi ty organizer - " j us t what the se re servations need . "
But indications ar e that the Passamaquodd ies are beginning to deve lop
their own opin ions about what they need.
And perhaps the " outs ide agi tators"
have only released an unr e s t and a longing to go back to making the ir own
decision s .
Said John S tevens , "You can be sure if we knew then what we know
now , we would never have l e t Chris topher Columbus into the coun try . "
From
(La s t o f three articles on the Pas samaquoddy Indians in Maine .
The Chr ist ian S cience Monitor , 6 / 1 / 6 7)
MAINE INDIAN GOVERNORS TO VISIT SENECAS
Maine ' s three Indian governors wi l l leave September 1, by airplane for
Salamanca� N . Y . , to inspect the Seneca Indian Reservation .
They wi l l be ac
companied by (former) Maine OEO Director C lyde Bartlett and Maine Manpower
Coord inator James S choen thaler , both of whom have been serving an Indian
Commun i ty Ass i s tance Commi t tee .
The commi t te e recently submi t ted a r epor t
to Governor Cur t i s ( s e e s tory on Page 1 1 ) who me t with the Indian s to discuss
pr ior i t ie s on state -suppor ted pro j e c ts and means of mee t ing the mos t pre s s ing
prob lems of the r eservat ions .
The three governor s who wi l l be making the trip are John M. Mitche l l , Sr . ,
governor , ( Penob s co t Reserva t ion at) Indian I s land ; John S tevens, governor ,
( Ind ian Township Reservation) ; and Joseph Mitche l l , governor , Pleasant Point
(Reservat ion) .
The trip to the Seneca Ind ian Re servation was propo sed by the Indian
Commun i ty Ass istance Commi t tee which had as one of i t s member s Sidney Carney ,
Carney , a
Speciali s t on Indian Affair s , u. s. Depar tmen t of the In ter ior .
Choc taw Indian , is special l iason r epresentative wi th the Seneca Ind ian s .
He
he lped the t r ib e p lan a re loca t ion program , deve lop communi ty housing and
e s tab l i s h an industrial park .
Both he and the reservation received national
recogn i t ion by the Depar tmen t of the In ter ior for the work.
The Maine Governors
(Continued on Page 14)
�( 14 )
MA INE I NDIA N GOVERNORS
•
• ·•
•
(Con t inued from Page 1 3 )
wi l l s e e what aspec t s o f the Seneca developme nt program might b e app l
i cab le
to Maine and will talk with the director s of the var ious pro j ec t s .
(From the Kennebe c Journa l , 8 / 3 1 / 6 7)
IND IAN AGENT ' � D ISMISSAL UPHELD BY PERSONNEL BOARD
(AP} - The S tate Personne l Board Friday uphe ld the act ion of the Indian
affair s commi s s ioner in dismi s s ing Arno ld Davis as Indian Agen t of the Pas sa
maquoddy Tr ibe .
The una�imous decis ion sus tained Commi s s ioner Edward c . Hinckley in dis
chargin g Davis on grounds of insubordinat ion .
The board d id not e laborate
on its � inding .
The decision was based on a pub lic hear ing re que s ted by
Davis and he ld in Augu s ta July 1 2 .
1
Hinckle y told the board that Davis disobeyed his orders concerning
engaging in con trover sy and making pub l ic statement s concerning cer tain
affair s involving the tribe and the Indian Affair s Depar tmen t .
Davis f ir s t made a b lanke t denial but later conceded '�par tial truth"
.
in one of the s ix poin t s of the dismi s sal l e t ter and "a germ of truth" in
ano ther ,
D�vis , 58 , has been in federal and s t a te pub lic service 22 year s .
He
has a legal r ight to appeal from the board ' s decis ion to the Super ior Court
if he choos e s to do so .
(Fro� the Kennebe c Journa l , 8/ 12/ 6 7 )
'
·
PASSAMAQUODDY RESERVATION CHAPLAINS REA SSIGNED
PORTLAND (AP) - The Ca tho lic Diocese in Por t land Thursday announced the
E f fe c t ive Augus t 28 th : Rev . Pau l U . Pare ,
fo l lowing clergy appointments
Chap lain of Sain t Ann ' s , Pleasant Point , Perry , to pastor - ; Saint Mary ' s Par i s h ,
Eagle Lake .
Rev . Bernard Nicknair , a s s i s tant at Saint Andre ' s Par i s h ,
Bidd eford , to Chaplain at Saint Ann ' s Par i sh , Pleasan t Poin t , Perry
Rev . Maurice H . Leme lin , Chap lain at Saint Ann ' s Parish in Pe ter Dana
Rev . Coleman
Poin t , Pr ince ton , to as s is tan t at Sain t Theresa ' s Par ish , Mexico
O ' Toole , a s s i s tan t . at Saint Andre ' s Par i sh , Biddeford , to Chap lain at Sain t
Ann ' s Par ish in Peter Dana Poin t , Pr inceton
Fa ther Pare has been Chap lain at
(From the Kennebec Journa l , 9/ 1 /6 7 .
Pleasant Point s ince 1959 ; Fa ther Lemelin has b e e n Chaplain at Pe ter Dana Point
s ince 196 1 . - Ed . )
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• • •
·
W HITE PATERNALISM DENOUNCED IN CANADA
OTTAWA { Special ) - Canada ' s 2 20 , 000 Indians should be al lowed to manage
the ir own a ffairs in their own way , members of a l l par ties said in the Commons
Whi te paterna l i sm and pre j udice were denounced by many members
las t week .
of par l iamen t .
They proposed that Ind ians b e given ful l con trol over the ir re serves ,
The se move s would reduce
the ir we l fare service s and their po lice pro t e c t ion .
cultur a l con f l i c t s and r e s tore Ind ian s e l f-confidence , speakers asser ted .
" The Ind ians are. taugh t from the �radle to hate us , " Jack Bigg said .
" The whi te man rams his way of life down the ir throa t s and ignores their his
I again
t or ice treaty r ights involving land , mining , hun t ing and fi shing .
beg that the Indian claims commi s s ion , promised for 50 year s , be brought into
"
be ing
The House passed t he Indian Affair s budget for $ 2 28, 583 , 720 .
(From the Navajo Time s , · 8 / 10 / 6 7 )
• • • • •
�(15 )
ROOSEVELT UNIVERSITY SCHOLARSHIP UNU SED
For the past two ye ar s, a $21 000 renewable scho larship in busine s s adnin
i stration for .American Indians at Roo sevelt University in Chicago h as gone un
used .
Under a generous grant from the Edward A. Filene Good Will Fund, Inc . ,
each fellowship provi des a full tuit� o n award plus _ a modest stipend which may
Supplemental financial aid may be granted,
amount to $2; 000 per academic ye ar .
i f necessary, to augment the fellowship .
This s cholarship was e stabl ished to seek out talented .Ameri c an Indians
and to encourage them to enter Ame ric an busine ss fi e ld s by t raining them in
It i s available to quali fi e d appli cant s who are
the skills of management .
Appli cations must be filed between De c emb er 15 and March
high s chool graduate s .
Requir em ent s, as applicable, are as follows :
15 for the fo llowing ye ar .
1. Report of College Entranc e Examinati o n Board Te st s ( SAT ) , Ame rican
College Testing Progr.am Test s ( ACT) or th e Roosevelt University Entranc e Examin
ation .
Every applic ant wi ll be required to take Roos evelt University ' s English
U ac cept ed on the basi s o f" '·safudarcli z ed t e st sco res , and if
Placement Test .
he live s beyona::t 5Ufille r..adiu5-0.f C!tba�1�test will be adn
ini stered later .
2. Applic ation for admi ssio n .
3 . High s c hool o r college transcript .
4. Reconnn endation from at l east two of appl i c ant ' s instructo r s .
5 . Parent Confidential Statement from College Scholarship · Servi c e must b e
filed i f appli c ant i s under 23 ye ars of age.
All inqu irie s may b e directed to : Mr . Robert L. Franklin, Director of
Student Aid, Roo sev elt University, 430 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinoi s
60605 .
( From the Navajo Time s , 8/24/67 )
.
NEIGHBORHOOD YOU TH CORPS TACKLES CLEAN-UP PROJEC TS
On an i sland in the Penobscot River arrl on an island in Portland Harbor ,
young men in the Maine Neighborhoo d Youth Corps have b e e n busy th i s summ er ,
along "'1.th hundr ed s of other N . Y . C . memb er s , on pro j ect s that will add to th ei r
communities and to th e beauty of Maine .
One of the proj ect s is lo cated on Indi an Island, at Old Town, a Penob scct
Indian Reservation, and the boys have - been \\O rking te aring do wn old houf e s ,
cleaning and painti ng the tribal hall, a nd i.mproving · the recreation program
on t he i sl and • • • • The pro j e ct on Indian Island was suggest ed by Maine OEO Diredtor
Clyde Bartlett during a tour of the re servation by the Indian Community As si stance
'
Commi t tee which was named by the Governo r .
With the coo peration of Richard w. Redmond, Maine Director of the N .Y . C · � · · •
N . Y . c . spots were as s igned to Indi an Island .
Under the di rection of Richard
LaPoint, Old Town NYC Directo r, and with the assi stanc e of the VISTA Volunt eers
who have been as signed to the re servation, the ;Indian boys have been world.ng on
'
a variety of_ pro e ct s t hat will
S� of t� _smaller houses
have not been lived in for some time ani ar
s t at e of extreme disrepai r .
Working as a crew with crowbars and hammer s, th e boys put i n p art of the summer
12
'
-·
on this removal work.
The Peno bacot Indians who live on the i sl and hold meetings in a wooden
The N . Y . C . has worked on painting the hall ins i de and out as well
tribal h all .
as on the construction of tabl es, using equipment in the industrial arts depart
ment or the Old Town schoo l s .
Th e wo rk of t h e N . Y . C . on the i sland th i s summe r i s a s tep toward encoura
ging the fo nnation of a Conmunity A ction group on the i sland.
been done by the Pas samaquoddy Indian s in Washington County.
( Continued o n Page 16 )
Thi s has already
An i sland Community
�(16 )
NEIGHBORHOOD YOUTH
( Continued from Page 15 )
• • • •
Action Pro gram v.o uld enable the tribe to write and seek support for its own
propo sals to improve the is land • • • •
(From Maine GEO News, August , 1967 .
A pi cture appeared in the s ame
i ssue , showing Legi slative Repres entative John Nel son, Mr. la.Point , Martin Neptune,
VISTA Volunteer James O ' Donnell, Richard Nicola, Jame s Neptune, Kenneth Paul
and Steve Paul . - Ed. )
INDIAN C HURCH MARKS 300 YEARS
by Charles Spencer
( Continued from July i ssue )
In 1703 the Penob scot Mission was transferred to the care of the Jesuit s,
and in 1722 Father Etienne Lauvegal, S . J . , witne ssed the burning of his church
by a band of Massachus ett s Puritans .
Earlier Father Rasl e ' s church on the Kennebec was destroyed by the British
Captain Wilton and again sacke d by Captain We stbrooke in 1722 .
Two years later
Father Rasle was murdered when he tried to hold back the British soldiers under
the command of Captains Warmon and Mounton.
When the Indians abandoned the Kennebec mi ssion and fled to the mi ssion
on th e Penob scot they c arried wi th them the iro n cro ss that marked the g rave
of Father Rasle .
,This sacred rel i c has been pr eserved by the Penobsco t Indians
for well over 200 years and is now d i splayed along with a plaque in memory of
Father Rasle on the church edifi c e .
The foundation is all that remains of the original church .
Although no
one i s exactly sure of wh en and how many times the church edifi ce has b een des
troyed over the past 300 ye ars , In:i ian Island hi storians believe that th e church
was destroyed seven ti.mes .
The present edifi ce was erected under the pastorate
of Father Virgil Wallac e Barber, S . J . , in the 1820 ' s .
,
In 1878 four Sis ters of' Mercy c ame to Old Town Indi an Island to teach the
Indi an children .
One early newsp aper acco unt said, "The Sisters found the Indian
children susceptible of culture .
They quickly learn Engli sh, th ey read well,
writ e neatly and readily c onquer the difficultie s of mathemati c s . "
In th e eighteenth c entury Joseph Paul Orson, a Pe nob scot Indian, painted
the Crucifixion on canvas with paints made from berries and an animal ' s tail for
a brus h .
This pric eless painting now hangs in the sanctuary of the church .
Another intere sting legend hand ed down from generation to generation con
cerns the f ir st bell us ed in the chapel .
Thi s bell is reported to be the old
e st b ell brought from Franc e to New England .
To s ave it from dest�uction at '
the hands of the Briti sh, the Indians r emoved the b ell from the ch6pel belfry and
burie d it somewhere on Old Town Indi an Island Wien a British attack seemed :im
minent .
To t his day no one has fo und the bell .
The seco nd old est bell in
New Englan d is now hanging in the bell to wer of the present chur ch edi fice.
( The above arti c le , and the first part of it which appeared in the July
i s sue of the Newsl etter, appeared in the Penob s cot Ti.me s of July 20th, as part
of th e publicity preceding the Penob s co t "Pageant • 67 11 , held on th e 22nd and
23rd of July. - Ed . )
MAINE
IN DIAN DAY PROCLAIMED BY GOVERNOR CURTIS
After consultation on August 22nd with the three Indian Governors, Governor
Kenneth M. Curtis issued a Proclamation calling for Maine Indi an Day to be
recognized on Septemb er 21st .
It i s und erstood that thi s is the first day of
Fall and i s the same day on which In di an Day is proclaime d · in Massachusetts .
( Continued o n Page 17 )
�/
MAINE nm IAN
( Cont inued
Th� Pro clsmati o n,
DAY
from
• • • •
Page 16 .'
signe d by Governor Curt i s , r eau� as follows �
PROCLAMATION
/
State of Maine
WHEREAS, the history of the Ameri c an Ini ian embodie s the very his tory
of our nati on it s elf upon th e North American Conti nent ; and
WHEREAS, the Ameri c an Indi an has made a great co nt ribution to our cotmtry
�hrough his achieveme nt s in the fi elds of sport s, folklore, literature, arts
and craft s ; and
WHEREAS, the high standards and principle s , the patriotism and herit age
of the Americ an Indi an have been an inspiration to al l our citizen s ; and
WHEREAS, sinc e early time s th e lrx:iians of Mai n e have played a significant
ro l e in the development of our region as a Provinc e , District and State ; and
WHE REAS, Maine Indi an Trib es are today, a s in the past , an integral part
of the life of our State and rerrl er many unique contributions to it s development- ;
NOW, THE REFORE, I, Kenneth M. · Curtis ,
hereby proclaim Sept emb er 21, 1967, as
Governor of the State of Maine, do
MAINE IND IAN DAY
in the State of
Maine ,
and call upon al l the c itizen s to recogniz e our Indian
Tribes and t hei r historic ro le s as Maine p eo ple .
* * * * * * * * * * * *
IN HIS S PARE TIME ,
HE FOLLOWS A DIFFERENT BEAT
by Nic ho l as A .
Danc ing Cl oud ,
Sams t ag
a Wes terly pa tr o lman s ince June ,
is not conspi cuou s ly
gracefu l as he s tands on Broad S tree t direc t ing tr affic at the end of a heavy
b each day , but then he ' s no t paid to be .
In h i s spare t ime , however ,
as Byron O . Brown of Bradford ,
the Narragans e t t Indian rookie , bet ter kno�'1Il
is a profe s s ional per former o f Indian dance s .
He has won compe t i t ions and cash pr. i zes at powwows and exhib i t ions throughout
the country prac t i c ing a comp lex and incre a s ingly rare ar t .
A nat ive of We s t er ly , Mr . Brown s tar ted dancing as a sma l l child ,
learning
the subdued narrative dances of his tr ibe from o lder member s of the s i zab le
Narragan se t t co lony in and around nearby Char l e s town .
In
prof e s s iona l troupe with his wife ,
and five cou s in s and
Pear l
(Whi t e B irch) ,
1960 ,
he formed a
in- laws .
For eeveral year s the group , cal led the Narragan s e t t Tr ib a l Dancer s , per
f ormed l o ca l ly on fe s t ive occas ions and at
Chur ch grounds in Ri chmond .
the annual powwow at the Narragan s e t t
But i t wasn ' t un t i l Mr.
Brown re turned thr e e year �
ago from a two-year s t in t in the Army that the group r e a l ly s tarted to p ick up
s team .
Mr . Brown was s tat ioned a t For t S i l l , Oklahoma , i n the hear t o f the o l d
Coman che and Kiowa t err i torie s .
dai ly, even t s ,
There , powwows and r odeos are week l y ,
if no t
and Indian dancing compe t i t ion s are taken ser iou s ly .
The s ty l e o f danc ing , however , i s dif feren t .
Accord ing t o Mr . Brown ,
the
empha s i s in We s t ern danc ing is on act ion and s p e c t ac le - t he beau ty and comp lex
ity of
the regalia ,
without mi s s ing
a
the ab i l i ty to perform d i f fi cu l t s teps to in tricate rhy thm3
beat or d i s turbing even one fe ather of
The Narragan s e t t s , however ,
the co s tume .
in common with mo s t Eas tern tribe s ,
a f o rm o f dan c ing t h a t i s more narrat ive i n inten t .
The dancer s ,
s imp l y , wi l l perform a pagean t o f hun t ing o r search w i t h e laborate ,
pra c t i c e
dre s s e d
s ty l ized
ges ture s , while a s t ory i s r e c i ted to comp lement the low-key per f orman ce .
(Con t inued or. Page
18)
�( 18 )
I N HIS S PARE TIME • • •
( Con t inued from Page
res
As Nr .
� c t ive ly ,
•
18)
Brown d e s cr ibes them, t h e Eastern and We s tern dancing s tyles have ,
sub t l e ty and co lor to recommend them .
Bu t color , it seems ,
�·
what the pub l i c prefers , and Mr . Brown and his Tr ibal Dancer s began to make
.
a name for thems e lve s only when he in trodu ced the Wes tern dances into the ir
reper toir e a f ter his re turn from the servi ce .
Ad apt ing to the We s t ern s tyle wasn ' t easy .
a comp l e te fool of my se l f , " Mr . Brown recal l s .
everythi ng backward s . "
" The f ir s t few times I made
"I was fa l ling down , doing
But at Anadarko , Okla . , a center of Indian ac t ivi t ie s , Mr. Brown me t and
b e fr iended George s. Watche taker , one of the great Comanche war dancing ch8D]l>ions .
Bef
e long , Mr . Watche taker had coached the eager convert from the East to •
the ,J?Oint where he was supplemen t ing his Army pay by dancing adver t i s ement s!lfor
the var ious exhib i t ion s .
And in the Ameri can Indian Expos i t ion of Ju ly ,
1963,
at _t\padarko , Dan c ing Cloud o f the Narragan se t t s p l aced nin th i n a fancy dancri.ng
comP'e t i t ion that drew 1 2 5 en tran t s , mo s t o f them Wes terners • • • • •
(From the Providence Sunday Journal , Providence , R . I . ,
Sub
t t ed
b y a r e adet' . )
8/ 20/67 .
FACTS AND FANCY
by Edgar F .
Cousins
With our Penob sco t Indian Pageant now in the background ,
e s t ing to review so�e o f the highl igh t s .
i t might be inter
Many favor ab le commen ts have been
heard , e spec ia l ly regarding the h i s torical s ide , br inging back memor ies of
even t s and per sona l i t ie s .
From my own s tandpoin t ,
I wi l l never forget Lou i s Socka lex i s ,
and a vis i t
to h i s graves tone always make s me marve l at h i s reputat ion with the Cleve land
Ind ian s , where to
thi s day this league team bear s the name of " Indian s . "
It
was m y good f or tune to be pre s ent a t an O l d Town Hi gh S chool baseba l l game
in
1'1 3
when Lou i s ump ired .
_
I talked with him after the game and he reme
�red
the o l d d iamond in Thoma s ton where a water -f i l led quarry in center f ie ld made
a rul ing of two b a s e s nece s s ary .
and had even seen one of
He said he had p layed in tha t cen ter f ie ld
the p layers take a ducking .
On his way up to t he big league s , Lou i s at tended Ricker C lass ical In s ti tute
a t Hou l ton and Holy Cro s s Co l lege at Worce� ter befor e going to Cleve land , wher e ,
w i t h h i s l e f t swing , h e could h i t the b a l l as f ar as Babe Ruth , run fas ter than
Ty
Cobb , and d i s p layed the out s tanding ski l l of Tr i s Speaker in the out field .
Hi s home run o f f the f i r s t p i t ch of the f ire-bal l king , Amos Rus i e , a
t he
ew
York Po lo Ground s ,
tf
i s s t i l l remembered and has been placed in history
·me
alon� w i t h the purchase o f Manhat tan I s land from the Ind ians , according to
spor t s wr i t er s .
Hi s local renown i s bui l t on t he feat o f throwing a b a l l from
Ind i� I s l and Landin g to
the Old Town Land ing , a c cura t e ly hit ting the exac t
spot . many t ime s .
(From the Penob s c o t Time s ,
8/3/67)
BUFFY SAINTE-MARIE RELEASES N EW RECORD
Cree Ind ian fo lk-s inger Bu ffy Sainte-Marie has j u s t re leased a new record ,
e n t i t le d Fire & F le e t & Cand l e l ight (Vanguard ) .
"Her voice has a s trong cu t t ing
e dg e ,
up
and her vibrato ,
as one cr t i c wro te ,
t h e l i s t ener ' s s pine . '
C �rou s e l '
emerg e s wi th an eer ine s s
Her orig inal songs - �uch as
in thi s album - create the ir own inner lands cape .
That i s ,
are l ike dreams .
l ike conver s a t ion s ,
about them . '
"
i n t h a t what they meani
and
As she says ,
t hey have the spontane i ty of dreams ,
(From Cosmopo l i t an , Oct ober
' tha t crawls
' Summer Boy '
' The
' they
and are a b i t
i s u sual ly t h e leas t importan t thing
1967)
�(19 )
MAij BOUND OVER IN ASSAULT CASE
CALAIS - S ix ty- thre e-ye ar - o ld Murray P. Emery of Eas tpor t - b e ing he ld
on a charge of " a s sau l t with in ten t to kill" Deputy Sher iff George Mi tche l l
of Calais - waived pre l iminary hear ing i n D i s tr i c t Cour t here Monday af ternoon
be fore Judge John M. Dud ley and was bound over to the Oc tober term of Super ior
Cour t on $ 5 , 000 bai l with two sure ties af ter probab le cause was found again s t
him .
He was a l s o held on $ 300 bail in cash or sure ties on a charge of opera
t ing under the in fluence of intoxicat ing l i quor Sunday at Eas tpor t .
The case
was con t inued to September 26 for hear ing .
Spec ial Inves't igator David C lemons of Machias repor ted tha t Emery i s
be ing he ld a t the coun ty j a i l i n Machias o n the tw o charge s .
Emery reportedly was operat ing a p ickup truck a t about l a . m. Sunday morn
ing at the north end of Eas tpor t when he and his wife were s t opped by Trooper
Ar lo E . Lund .
It was decided that Depu ty Sheriff Sidney Bridge s , who was
with Lund , should dr ive Emery and hi s wi fe to the ir Deep Cove home in the pick
up truck.
Arr iving at the home , Bridge s re turned to the police cruiser and
the Emerys wen t ins ide the ir home .
Depu ty Sher i f f George Mi tche l l and Con s t able Robert Newe l l , who wer e
awaiting Lund and Br idges for a coffee s top before c a l l ing i t a night , had dr iven
in to the Emery driveway behind the police cru i s er .
At this poin t , Emery was said to have re appeared on the porch of h i s home
with a 32 cal . r i f le .
He repor tedly f ired four or f ive time s over the top
of the Lund vehi c l e .
1Wo sho t s shat tered the dr iver ' s s ide o f Mi t che l l ' s
cruiser ' s windshie ld .
Mi tche l l , who was s i t t ing behind the wheel with only
the parking ligh t s on , but b acking the car out o f the dr iveway , was hit in the
shou lder by one o f the s lug s .
The o ther s lug embedded i t s e l f over the top
o f the rear seat behind the depu ty .
Newe l l , according to po lice , dragged the wounded deputy to the Deep Cove
Road and out of the l ine of fire .
He was later picked up by_ ambu lance and
Later , Sunday , be was taken to the Eas tern
rushed to the Eas tport Hosp i t a l .
Hospital
Maine General Hospi tal in Bangor , wher e he underwen t surgery .
officials de s cr ibed Mi tche l l as b e ing in good cond ition and r e s t ing comfor tab ly
Monday nigh t .
As a r e su l t of Trooper Lund cal l ing for as s i s tance , dozens of po l icemen ,
ward ens and deputy sher i f f s converged on the area , seal ing the roads o f f at
a l l poin t s .
Emery depo s i t ed the r i f le in s ide his hou se and fled in to ne6rby
woods and surrendered at 4 : 45 a . m . to po lice who wer e s tat ioned a few hundred
fee t up t he Cove Road toward Rou te 190 .
Deputy Mi tche l l i s a member of
(From the Bangor Daily News , 9 / 1 2 / 6 7 .
the Penobscot Tr ibe and brother to Penob scot Governor John Mi tche l l .
Since
mid-Ju ly he has been working under contract for the Depar tment o f Ind ian Affair s ,
as s i s t ing Pleasant Point Tribal Cons tab le Rober t Newe l l and Indian Town ship
Tr ibal Con s table Eugene S t evens in the ir work and by deve loping training
oppor tun i t i e s for the tribal con s t abl e s .
Hi s j ob a l s o invo lve s recommend ing
to Ind ian Commi s sioner Hinckley ways in whi ch the tribal con s t ab l e s may be
bet ter e qu ipped and admini s tered , working with the Pas samaquoddy Tr iba l Counc i l s
to increase law-and-order program e f f e c t ivene s s , and deve loping close r e l a t ions
A retiree af ter 20 year s
wi h other s tate and county law enfor cement agen c ies .
Air For ce duty , mo s t of Mr . Mi tche l l ' s mi l i tary training and exper ience was
in mi l i tary po l ic e work , training and admin i s trat ion and l iason . - His wife
and two daughters have been l iving in calais with him s ince July . - Ed . )
DID . YOU KNOW THAT
from 1 789 to 1849 , national Ind ian Affair s were admini s tered by the War Depar tmen t
be fore being trans ferred to the Dep t . of the In ter i or by an Ac t of Congr e s s ?
�( 20)
IND IAN AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT RECRUITING EMPLOYEE
The Maine S tate Depar tmen t of Ind ian Af fair s i s recruiting an agent for i t s
Calais office , to work with the Pleasan t Point and Indian Township Pas samaquoddy
Tr ibe s . F o l l owing is the o f f icial S tate examinat ion announcement for thi s po s i t ion .
Per sons in ter e s ted in app lying for this p o s i t ion or ob taining more· informat ion
about it ar e urged to con tac t e i ther the S tate Depar tment of Per sonnel or the State
Depar tment o f Ind ian Affair s in Augu s ta . App l ications wi l l be accepted un t i l Nov
ember 14 , 1 96 7 .
" CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
IN MAINE STATE SERVICE- ·AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER
Maine State Depar tment of Per sonne l
Augu s t a ; Maine 04330
Bul le t in #1883
Date I s sued :
Sept . 14 , 1 9 6 7
Date Clos ing :
Novemb er 14 , 1 9 6 7
ANNOUNCEMENT OF EXAMINATIONS T O E S TABLISH ELIGIB ILI'IY FOR
INDIAN DEVELOPMENT S PECIALIST
$ 109 . 00 - 1 14 . 50- 1 20 . 00-126 . 00- 1 3 2 . 50/wk .
KIND OF WORK : Thi s i s complex social and communi ty work in providing a var iety of service s to r e s ident s of the two Passamaquoddy In
dian Reserva t ions in Washing ton County , Maine . An employee in this
class i s r e spons ib le for carrying a general case load with ful l auth
or i ty for dec i s ion making and author i zat ion of expendi ture of funds ;
ini t iating and/ or as s i s t ing in communi ty deve lopment activit i e s ; pro
vid ing informal coun s e l ing ; providing as s i stance in the management
o f var ious s tate and f eder al pro j ec t s ; and a s s i s t ing in municipal
managemen t ac t ivi t ie s on the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Pas sa
maquoddy Re s ervat ions . Work inc lud e s coun s e l ing wi th individual s and
group s wi thin the Reservat ion connnuni t ie s , as s i s t ing . the Tr ibal Coun
c i l s in analyz ing connnun i ty prob lems and in planning appropriate pro
grams , author i zing t h e expendi ture o f available S tate funds , and ob
taining nece s sary a s s i s tance and cooperat ion from a variety of pub l ic
and pr ivate r e sour c e s and agenc ie s . Ab i l i ty to explain Depar tmen tal
p o l i c i e s and programs to the service popu lat ion i s e s sent ial . Work
is per iodi c a l ly reviewed by a superior and c lo s e supervision is g iven
only with re s pe c t to handl ing unusual prob lem s i tuation s .
QUALIFICATIONS :
Two year s exper ience in social casework , field leve l
connnu ni ty deve lopmen t work , or guidance and counse l ing ac tivi t i e s ;
and graduat ion from an accredited four-year col lege or univer s i t y .
SPECIAL INFORMATION T O CAND IDATES : Ab i l i ty t o dr ive a car and the
avai lab i l ity o f a car are e s sen tial . Appl ican t s with bicultural ex
perience are e specially invited to apply .
PURPOSE OF EXAMINATION :
To provide an oppor tuni ty for qual i f ied per
sons to compe t e for a vacancy with the Depar tment of Indian Affair s .
MAINE STATE RESIDENCE REQUIREMENTS ARE WAIVED FOR THIS POSITION.
Regis ters w� l l be e s t ab l i shed on an Open Compe t i t ive bas i s and w i l l
super sede a l l o ther regis ters f o r t h e c las s . "
�( 21 )
*
*
.,-:-
� -r .,
, '*"
SPECIAL EDITORIAL
-;� -r.- .,'} *
�- *
On September 12th, the voters of Maine were asked to express their
opinions on 8 bond i s sues, in a state-wide referendtlD .
Although the voter
turn out was somewhat heavier than expected , the Asso ciated Pre ss report s
that � than 20% of the regi stered voters in Maine went to the poll s .
In interesting contrast to this figure are the statisti c s whi ch indicat e
that � than 20% of registered Indian vo ters on the thr ee Re servations went
to th e poll s .
( 22% of the registered vo ters at Indian Island and Peter
Dana Point voted ; 28% o f the regi stered vo ters at Pleasant Point voted . )
The Newsletter feels that th e Indians of Maine are to be cornn ended for
their interest in the bond i s sue s and for th eir exercise of the oo st inportant
privilege of a deno cracy - the privilege of voting .
We hope that Maine ' s
Indians will continue t o 1 1 show the white man how to do it . "
One of the nost inport ant bond i ssues in the referenduo, and one o f the
3 which were defeated, was Number $ - for 1 1 capital inprovement s , construction,
renovations , repairs , equipment and furni shings, 11 in the aoount of $16, 710, 000 .
Although thi s amount included requests fo r fund s for very iraportant pro ject s such as fire e scape s for the Central Maine Sanitorimn - it also include::i a
wide variety of other pro j ect s - including a $1, 900, 000 physical educ ation
building and sw.i.nm.ing pool for the University of Maine l
Of obvious interest to the Indi ans of Maine , and to tho s e non-Indians
with an intelligent co ncern for thi s state ' s first citizens , were the following
fund request s in the defeated bond i s sue :
- $3.8; 200 for home r epairs and improvecents on the 3 Re servations ;
$19 , 700 for a new cla s sroom addition at Peter Dana Point ' s s choo l ;
- $304, 800 state fund s for sewage and water co nstruction pro j ect s
on all thr ee Reservat ions . ·
This last amount, like the $3 50, 000 in bond is sue Ntu!lb er 2 for a mentally
retarded c are facility in Bangor - which was approved - would have generated
some three-quarters of a Dillion additional F_ederal dollars for th e three
Re servations, in natching funds for water and s ewage pro j e ct s, and in the sub
sequent Federally-assist d housing programs which will not be po s sible without
adequate sanit ary facilities .
The Newsletter feels that th e voters o f Maine should be g iven a chanc e
to evaluate the merit s of the various construction pro j ects individually, and
that adequate sanitary facilities should not be lumped with swinming pools for
college student s .
Too, we feel that pro j ects which will generate Federal
spending in the stat e should take priority to pro j ects requiring 100% stat e
funds - - certainly they are nore benefi cial t o th e overall economic growth o f
Maine .
We applaud Governor Curti s for identifying - in hi s connnent s and pre s s
releas es following the referendum and the defeat of bond issue # B - the
Indian Re servation improvement s as among the most criti cal contained in the
defeated bond i s sue.
We urge that he do everything po ssible to provide some
imme diate way for �he legislature or the voters of this state to provide the
pi tif'ully small amount of state funds ne eded to make a substantial dent in
the poor health and living co nd itions on the 3 Reservation s .
* * * * * * �- * �� *
The Newsletter congratulate s and complioents Penob s cot Tribal Governor
John Mitchell and h i s Counc il for their appointment of a 5-oan Tribal Housing
Authority ( see story on next page ) .
The five new housing commis sioners will
have a real opportunity to contribute to the well-being of all Penob s cot member s .
* * * * * *
�(22)
PENOB SCOT HOUSING AUTHORITY APPOINTED
Ac t ing under power s pr ov ided by emergency leg i s lat ion of the 103rd Leg i s
lature , the Penob scot Tribal Governor and Counc i l o n Augus t 1 4 t h appointed
f ive tribal member s as commi s s ioner s of the Penob scot Tr ibal Re servat ion Hou s ing
Author ity .
Appo inted as bcus ing commi s s ioner s for the terms indicated were Ma t thew
P . Sappier (5 year s ) , Nicho las G . Dow (4 year s ) , Irving M. Ranco ( 3 year s ) ,
Mat thew A . Mi tche l l , Sr . ( 2 year s ) and Eugene J . Lor ing , Sr . ( 1 year ) .
The
f ir s t o f f icial mee t ing of the group is s cheduled for ear ly Oc tober , and a
repre sentative of the federal Hous ing As s i s tance Admini s trat ion (U. s. Dep t . of
Hous ing and Urban Development ) has been asked to be present to as s i s t in the
nece s s ary l egal e le c t ion of officer s , adopt ion of by- laws , e t c .
Thi s Oc tober
me e t ing wi l l be the fir s t in a long ser ie s of mee t ings and consul tat ion s aimed
at even tual ly making pos s ib le federal ly-as s i sted programs des igned to improve
hou s ing and sani tation condi tions on the Penob scot Re servat ion .
Simi lar
hous ing improvement programs are alre ady comp leted or under con s truc t ion on
69 Ind ian re servat ion s in 22 s tates (as of Augu s t 3 1 , 1966) as we l l as in many
non-Ind ian commun i t ie s throughout the coun try .
Under the Maine Ind ian Hous ing Author i ty Law , . as amended by the 103rd
Leg i s l atur e (Chapter 252 , P . L . 1 9 6 7 ) , a tribal hous ing author ity is equipped
with the legal power s nece s s ary fer " providing of s afe and sanitary dwe l l ing
accomodat ion s and maintaining a who le some l iving environment for per sons of
low income
wi thin the terri torial boundar ies of the re servat ion for which
i t is cr eated . "
The Pleasan t Poin t and Indian Town ship Tribal Governors and Counci l s
also have the power to appoint triba l hous ing authori t i e s for their reserva t ions ,
individually , and the New s l e t ter under s t ands that tribal mee t ings are s cheduled
for the near future for this purpo se .
( Se e re lated s tory below . )
•
•
•
•
RE PORT TO MAINE
by Sen Ed Muskie
• •
Senator Edmund S . Mu skie and Rep . Wi l l iam D . Hathaway , both D-Maine , were
advi sed today by the Depar tment of the Inter ior , Federal Water Pol lut ion Con tro l
Admini � trat ion , of approval of a $ 19 , 7 10 grant to the S tate of Maine , Depar tment
o f Ind ian Affair s , for use by the Pleasant Poin t Reservat ion on Pas samaquoddy
Bay in Washing ton Coun ty .
The gran t wi l l be used to con s tru ct a secondary treatmen t p lan t , pumping
s tat ion , force main and out fa l l sewer for the Re servation located on Pas sama
quoddy Bay .
The approved gran t al locat ion
To t a l c o s t of the pro j e c t is $65 , 700 .
repre sents 30% of the t o ta l c o s t of the proj e c t .
(From the Calais Adve r t i ser , 9 / 7/ 6 7 . )
Acceptance o f the gran t , and cons truc tion o f the sewage treatmen t facil ity ,
i s dependent upon the avai lab i li ty of addit ion federal monie s from the Farmers
Home Admini s trat ion and the Economic Deve lopment Admin i s trat ion , as we l l as on
the pr ov i s ion of the s tate ' s share of the total c o s t s for co l lect ion as we l l
The s ta t e ' s money was contained i n the recent ly de
as treatmen t fac i l i t i e s .
f eated Number 8 bond is sue ( se e Spec ial Edi torial on Page 2 1 ) and e f for t s are
It appear s
now underway to f ind some other means . o f providing this money .
t h a t some , if not a l l·, of t h e tota l con s truct ion money involved wi l l b e provided
d irect ly to the propo sed Pleasan t Point Tr ibal Housing Author i ty , rather than
to the Depar tmen t of Indian Affairs .
Ade quate water and sewage fac i li ties are an e s s ent ial prere qui s i te to
con s truc t ion of federal ly-a s s i s ted hous ing programs on any o f the three Reser
'
vat ion s in the s ta t e .
�(23)
ATTLEBORO GREETS INDIAN CHILDREN
Twenty Pas s amaquoddy Indian chi ldren were we lcomed to Att leboro last
nigh t , their home for the next seven days , af ter a long trip from the ir home
in nor thern Maine .
The children wi l l be s t aying in the c ity and surrounding area as the
gue s t s of 14 fami l ies and under the sponsor ship of the Murray Univer s a l i s t
Church of Att leboro .
The young s ters , who range in age from 8 to 1 2 , arr ived in the c i ty about
9 : 30 P . M.
They were me t in Bos ton by a group from the church and were taken
by bus to the home of Mr . and Mr s . Richard Sma l l of 198 Country S t . , where a
sma l l we lcoming par ty had been arranged .
The chi ldr en , accompanied by s t af f member s of the Uni tar ian-Univer s a l i s t
Service Commi t tee , had come from the ir r e s ervat ion near Prince ton , Maine , by
bus to Bos ton .
The Sma l l s ' home was a beehive of ac t iv i ty las t night a s
the Indian chi ldren me t the ir ho s t s and the hos t s me t their charges f or the
nex t seven days .
The chi ldren wil l l ive as par t of the ir ho s t s ' fami lies for the next
week , with ac t ivities p l anned for each chi ld by the ho s t .
Mrs . Audrey Binns ,
who is in charge o f arrangemen t s for the chur ch , said there are no group activ
i t i e s planned .
The chi ldren wer e brought to At t leboro through the cooperation of the Roman
Catho lic Diocese of Maine , which paid hal f of the bus fare .
The Murray Church
paid the o ther ha l f .
Th� idea to invite some Pas s amaquoddy children to Att leboro �as b orn
l a s t spr ing .
When chi ldr en of the church Sunday School were s tudying activi t ies
of the Uni tar ian-Univer s a l i s t Service Commi t tee , they paid par ticular at tent ion
to that commit tee ' s pro j ec t wi th the Passamaquoddy Ind ians in Maine .
(From the Providence (R . I . ) Journal , 8 / 8 / 6 7 .
Thi s "home s tay" program
in A t t l eboro was s imi lar to a pro j e c t involving chi ldren from the Pleasant Po int
Reservat ion and hos t s in the Brunswick , Maine , area .
Both were par t o f the
summer re serva tion ac t ivi ties under the overall direct ion of the Diocese ' s
Divis ion o f Volunteer Service s . - Ed . )
PAVILION WITH A PUNCH
by Fred Mi l ler , OMI
(Because the News l e t ter bas carr ied ear l ier s tories regarding the des ign of the
Canadian Indian Pavilion at Montreal ' s Expo ' 6 7 , we thought readers would be
inter e s ted in thes e comment s from an ar t ic le in the September , 196 7 , Indian
Record , pub l i shed in Winni peg , Canada . - Ed . )
The foo t -sore fair goer wi l l we lcome the quiet simp l icity and tas t e fu l
decor o f the Ind ians o f Canada pavil ion o n Ile No tre-Dame , but before h e leave s
he w i l l have no doubt that he has found the only "pro te s t pavilion" at Expo '6 7 .
In a 'IV interview the Cormni s s ioner General o f the pavi l ion , Chie f Andrew
De l i s le of the Caughnawaga Re serve near Mon treal , admi t ted that i t was inde ed
a prot e s t pavi lion .
He is quo ted in " Indian News" as s aying , " Ind ian s in a l l
par t s o f Canada have shared i n creating the pavi l ion ' s phi losophy and w e b e l i eve
it truly r e f lects the Ind ians ' thinking about themse lve s and their wor ld . "
One o f the charming Indian ho s t e s s e s o f the pavil ion den ied that i t s e t
out t o be a prote s t :
" Th i s i s j u s t the way we see i t .
We don ' t want to cry
on anyone ' s shoulder : i t ' s j u s t bi st:ory . "
Whatever the con tent o f the me s sage , i t i s pre sented with charac ter i s tic
poe tic s ty l e and fee l ing .
" The Ind ians o f Canada b id you we lcome , " the s ign
on the rus t i c c lear wall s at the entrance proc laims .
''Walk in our mocas s in s
o n the trai l from our pas t .
Live w i t h us i n t h e here and now :
Talk wi th u s
b y t h e fire , of the days to come . "
You begin to realize that the emo t iona l
(Cont inued on Page 24 )
�( 24 )
(Con t inued from Page 2 3 )
qual i ty o f Ind ian expre s s ion
is n o t mere hyperbo le .
It is beaut iful , but
�n the me s sage to come there is a l s o a thinly ve iled b i t terne s s that has been
fermen t ing for centuri e s .
But i t is a natural reac tion to the indi fference
o f the white man to the language , cu l ture and re ligious character of the Ind ian .
As you walk through the pavi l ion the phi lo sophy of the Indian hi t s yout
with a serie s of shor t , carefu l ly worded phrases :
•
•
•
•
'�le ki l led only what we needed .
A man would be a fool
to p i le up carcas s e s to rot , or fe l l trees to make a way
in the fore s t . "
"When the Whi te Man came , we we l comed him with love .
We
she l tered him , fed him , led him through the fore s t .
The
great exp lorers pf Canada travel led in Indian canoe s , wore
Ind ian· snow shoes , ate Ind ian food , l ived in Indian hous e s .
They could no t have l ived or moved without Indian friends . "
"The Whi te Man fought each other for our 'land and we were
embroi led in the Whi te Man ' s war s .
Many Ind ians feel our
f ather s were b etrayed .
War s and peace treaties deprived us
of our land . ' '
" The ear ly mi s s ionar ies thought us pagans .
They impo sed upon
us the ir own s tor ies of God , of heaven and he l l , of s in and
s a lva t ion . "
B y thi s t ime the Canad ian non-Ind ian vi s i tor begins to s quirm uncomfor t
ab l y for the way h i s forbear s treated t h e nat ive Ind ian ; be traying his friend
ship with greed for his land , destroying his great herds of buf falo , deple t ing
hi s fore s t s and s treams .
It wa s the a t t i tude of European colon i zer s of that
t ime which made po s s ib le this s tate of af fair s .
For them , any cu l ture which
Any language which was no t European was for
was not European was· not cu lture .
t hem "uncul ture d . "
It was a fai lure in respe c t which we in modern t imes
should regre t .
I t s e f f e c t s upon the Indian peop l e are very marked today
( To be cont inued next month)
•
•
•
•
D ID YOU KNOW THAT
- farewe l l par ti e s were g iven by the Pleasan t Point and Indian Township Tribes
when Father s Paul Pare and Maur ice Leme l in rece ived their no t ices of reappo int
ment ?
( S e e s t ory o n Page 1 4 )
The par ty at Pleasant Point was wr it ten u p in
the September 1 1t h Bangor Dai ly News , with a p i c ture ; over 300 at tended .
- " Skip" F arkas , who recen t l y comple ted a year ' s VISTA servi ce on the Penob scot
Reservat ion has s igned up for ano ther year in VISTA and i s now "VISTA Leader"
A s such , he w i l l he lp coordinate th� activi t i e s o f the increas
for the s ta t e ?
ing
number of VISTA worker s who are b e ing reques ted by and a s s igned to coounun
i t ie s in the s tate .
Three of these are B ruce Thomas , of Pennsylvan i a , and
John Larme , of W i s cons in , who have been a s s igned to the IndiaJl To'.mship Re ser
vat ion , and Anthony Thomas , of Cali fornia , who has been a s s igned to Pleasant
Poin t .
- the three Reservat ion Governor s were pic tured in an ar t ic l e in the September
2nd Salamanca ( N . Y . ) Repub lican. Pre s s , on the occas ion of their v i s i t to the
Seneca Ind ian Reserva t ion ?
( Se e s tory on Page 1 3 )
- 8 50 Nava j o s , l iv ing o n a n iso lated por t ion o f the reservation near Magdalena ,
N . M. , j u s t obtained e lec tr ic service to the ir communi ty ?
�·=
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Aug.-Sept. 1967)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1967-08
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-468