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MA
IN
E IND
I AN
-� E W· �
t �TT.ER
.
v·
VOLUME
5
.·
••
.NUMBER
4
rv1ki l
�
Iv
/
!
":. °COLBY "COL
AN INDIN
A
�
APRIL
1972
.PRAYER
We hold in our hands fourteen strings of .purple wampum.
These we
hand one by one �o you--authors of many American history books, wri
ters of cheap, inaccurate� unautheritic, sens�tional novels,··and other
writers of fiction who have poisoned the minds of young Americans
conc�rning our people, the red race of America to producers of many
western cowboy and Indian television programs and movi.ng picture·
shows, to those treaty breakers who delight in dispossessing Indian
people by construct1ng dams on Indian lands in violation of sacred
treaties, and to those of this.
Our country, who are prone to build
up the glory of their ancestors on the bones and life blopd of our
people.
With this first string of wampwn we take the fog that · su�rounds
your eyes and obstructs your view�hat you may see th� tr�th con
·
cerning our people.
With this second string of wampum we pulJ,. .away from y·our · impris- ·
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oned minds the cobweb nets that prevent you from d��ling justide to
our people.
.
With this third string of wampum we cleanse ·your nearts· of revenge,
selfishness, and injustice that you may create.. love· instead of ha.te
'
With this fourth string of wampum we · wash the bl�od of our.people
from your hands that you may know the clasp of true friendship and·
sincerity.
With �his fifth strin� of . wampum we shrink your heads down to that
·
of a normal man� we cleanse your minds· of .the abnormal conceit and
love of self that has caused you to walk. blindly among the dark
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peoples of the world.
· .. . With this sixth .. s-tring·of wampum we remove your garments of gold,
.
silve� �nd greed_ "that you may don the apparel of generosity, hos
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pitality, and humanity.
With.this seventh string of wampum w�· re�ove the dirt that fills
your .�ars , so that y.ou may hear the strong story and the truth of our.=·
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people.
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With this eighth string of w_arnpum .we straighten your tongues of':·
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crookedness that in. ·the future yo.u may s:peak the truth" co'ncerning
tndian people·..
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Wi:th this ·ninth ·s"t!ring of wampum we ta,ke away the dark �lp��s -�roni
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the face of the sun that its rays· may pu.ri'fy your thoughts, .that y_ou ·
·
may look forward and see· Ame.rica instead of backward· toward Europe.
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With this terit.h string of wampum we brush away the roue::h �tones
and sticks from your path that you may walk erect as the first
American whose name you hav0 .<lc.l'amorl �rhl wl1osc <.;011.utr,x you now
occupy.
(Con�� on pa,g��2)
.
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( I NDIAN PRAYER
•
•
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CONT. )
With th is eleventh string of wampum we take from your hand your
implements of d estruct i on , �ns, bombs , f irewat er , d iseases , and plac e
in them inste ad--the p ipe of fr i e ndsh ip and peace that you may sow
brotherly love rather than b it t er hat e and injust ice
W ith th is twe � veth string of wampum we bu ild you a house w ith many
.
wind ows and no mirrors that you may look out and se e the l ife and
purpose of your ne arest ne ighbor , the Americ an Ind ian .
Wi:th this t hirt e enth str ing of wampum we t ake d own the wall of
st eel and st one that you have built around the ( tre e of pe ace, ) that
you may t ak e shelt er beneath its branches .
With th is fourt e enth str ing of wampum we tak e from the hen coop
the e agle t hat you have imprisoned that this noble b ird may once aga in
f ly in the sky over Amer ica .
I , Te-ha-ne - t o -rensJ say th is .
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--from the Akwesasne Mohawk (S t . Re� is) Pamph l � t
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BA XTER STAT E' PARK
NATURALLY WILD
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�ill be a re ward ing , memorable
e xper i enc e .
( Ed . N ote: Yes , we owe th is ma�
Baxt�r Stat e Park is a w ild er
n if icent gift t o Percival Baxt er
n e ss preserve of more than 200 , 000
who w ishe d not to pre serve the
acres - mount a inous woodland , ponds Peno bscot's r ightful ownersh i·p of
and streams . Dur in� a period of
the land , but w ish e d t o preserve
more than JO ye ars the former Gov
it for recre at ional purpose s .
ernor, Perc ival Baxt er, bought par Th e Penobsc ot's purpose of land
ce ls of this land and d e e d e d it to
was and is f·or :sacred ·c er'emon ial
be h e ld i n trust by the State of
purposes . Perhaps one day soon
Ma ine , for the benefit of the pe ople t h is land and other land will be
" as a st at e forest , pub l i c park and retti�nea to �he Nat ive pe o ple . )
for public re cre at ional purposes t o be k e pt in its natural w ild st ate * * * * � * * * * * * * * * * * *
and as a sanc tuary for w i ld beasts
and b irds . "
THOMPSON TALES
This magn if i c e nt gift to t he· ·
pe o ple of Maine includ es 46 moun
Penobsc ot Tr ibal Court ·
t a i n pe aks and ridg·e s , d ominat ed
by the impos in� Mt . Katahd in w ith
Judge lam Oro.n o ope ne� the .
Ma i n e 's.h ighes� po int (4, 267 . f e e t ), spring sess i on of. Penobsc ot Tribal
Baxt e r P e ak , name d in hon or' of h im
Court with a · reminder that Wi'n oo
whose fores ight and generos ity
c h es not be granted perm iss i o n .t o
preserve d· for man, as well as· an
gather any food from the land of
the Nat i on. " He expla ined to t he
imal , . t·his sanc'tuary from the
Pe opl e that t o o many p lants were
e ncroachm e nt s of what is c all e d
da.rnage d arid m is hand l e d'r' many root.
" c i v i 1i z a t i on .
Baxt er Peak is· also the northe rn syst ems ·were were d isturbed : and
:
mangled , and the paths l e ad ing to
t erm inus of the fame d Appalach ian
the ·�food we:re · · le .-ft d irty and
Trail�· by act of ·Con�ress , ( now
messy . He fett that the amount
known as the A ppalachian Nat i o na l
o� t im e it would tkk e to teach
S c en ic. Tra i 1 ) , a 2 , _000 m i le· fo" o t ·
the W ino o c he s about food was t oo
tra il from Main e to Ge orgia . Ten
gre at. Judge Orono c onclud e d
mil e s of t h is trail are in Baxter
t hat t h e Peo� l e ' s purpose was t �
Park .
I f y�u love the �h ings of nature , l ive and n o t t o try t o c hange
( Cont. o n page 17 )
a c am ping vac at i on in Baxt er Park
" ·
�(3)
� Q I ! Q R I � 1 =s=E:c:T:I:o:N:
organ izat i ons , the Un ivers it y
dec i d e d to drop thP. use o f t h e
MAINE INDIAN t-JEWSLETTER
sym bo l .
EDITORs ( Mrs . ) Eugen i a T homps on
But t h i s i s on ly the f i r s t i n
Pe n obs c ot
a l o n g l in e o f at h l e t i c t e ams
wh i c h.e x p l o i t I nd i an pe o p l e ' s
N ews a n d stor i es may b e subm i t t e d
v e ry name , and d e s e c rat e i t .
The
t o t h e Newslet t er for pub l i c at i on
o t hers are w e l lknown - t h e C l e v e
at the fo l l ow i ng addre s s:
Ma i n e
land Ind i ari s , t h e At lanta Brav e s ,
Ind ian N ewslett er, P . O . Box 553,
the M i lwauk e e Bucks, the Chicago
B lack Hawk s .
V ia Old T o w n , Ma i n e 04468
A lt o �ethe r there are about JO
Edi t ori al S t af f: K e n
o t h e r c o l l e ge and pro fe s s i on a l
Stan - Gart
Sparky - R e d - T h e Boy - Carl t e ams wh i c h d e grad e t h e name o f
Mo otch
R i c k - Edward - Cathy I nd ians , by pre s e nt in� t h e fa l s e
image o f the ha ppy lacky , m o s t
and Nata l i e .
o ft e n gr i n n i ng s tu p i d ly a n d d an
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c ing f o r the wh it e men.
Ne edless
t o say, this presents a narrow ,
Guest Ed i t o r i a l
m islead ing image of t h e I nd i an
pe o p l e .
THE I MAGE OF THE INDIAN
SANTA CLARA, C A L I FORN IA - T h e S t a n AS A MASCOT MUS T BE R EMOVED �
ford Ind i an is d e ad . He d i e d a
What d o you t ell your son when
he asks you why w e a lways att a c k e d
qu i e t d e at h in the ha l l s o f t h e
t h e wagon tra in? · Or why w e always
Student S e nat e , and fe w I nd i ans
k i l l e d i nn o c e nt wom e n and c h i ldre n?
mourn e d .
Or why I nd ians a lways scalpe d
He was b orn in the s ame h a l ls
in 1930, wh e n the Student Senat e
wh i t e men?
T h e wh it e man , of course, d oe s
decided t hat t�e I nd ian would be
an appropriat e symbol for the St an n o t have t o answ e r such quest i ons�
even though h is forefathers w e r e
ford Un ivers i t y fo o t ba l l t e am . The
symbol has be en in cont inuous use
much more qui lty of these t h in�s
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since t hat t im e .
There wera s ome objact i ons over
the years , but t he y n e v e r r e ached
the e ars of the S t an fo rd community.
There was a very gooct reas on for
the S tanford community not hear in�
about it for so long; there we re
no I nd i ans in-or n e ar the Stanford
campus unt il t w o y e ars a�o . Then
the admi nistrat i on went on a cras h
program of Ind ian recrui tment, and
tod ay there are 55 I n d i an s on the
Stanford c ampus .
But t hese are real Ind i ans, not
.some pop- culture foot ball symbols ,
and t h ey imm e d i at e ly t ook ob je�t i on
to t he use of t h e Ind i an symbol .
All of the f irst year t he y were on
the campus they qui e tly t alke d to
the adm in istrat i on from the Presi
dent on d own t o the lowest in an
effort to have the symbol changed .
They were unsuccessful .
Th is year, a ft e r present in� a
petit i on s igned by a l l 55 I nd i ans
on the c ampus, and seyeral lett ers
of support from o t h e r I n d i an
than any Ind i an forefathers . The
reason is that he controls t h e
med ia , t h e c arr i e rs o f t h e infor
mat i on that gets t o all our chil
dre n , re d , wh i t e, brown, and black .
And he has t o have � just ifi
cat i on for tak i ng all t hat land,
so he d o es it by mak ing several
thousand B w e s t e rn mo� i es , all
show ing the West as it never was .
He had t o rat i onal ize the k il
l ing , so he mad e beli eve the
Ind i an was an animal . T hat way
it was e asy to k ill to get to the
land . But the Indian is not an
animal , trained to danc e at the
c ommand ing yells of spe ctat ors at
athlet i c events . We are human
be ings , to o , w ith a he art , a soul ,
and a ri�ht t o l ive a fre e I ife . i •·
And w e can ' t l ive t hat fre e l ife
· if the soc i e ty cont i nues to perpet
rat e myt hs about our e x ist ence .
We have t oo many r e a l pro b l ems ·
t o work on , problems that most of
all d emand und erst and ing by all
(Cont, on pa�e 4)
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(Editorial
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Knee . Massacre 300 Indian men, wo
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men.' arid "'chiidren were ·�s laughtere'd · ·
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as . the ·r1ghte.mis . C11rist ians· s' tood
by and quarreled over·wnich ·ae- .
nomination should lead.the'Indiart
from his savage ways
, .'
If that isn't recent enough,
(An ·ea i.to'rial ·by the edi t.ors·· . . of·
maybe'this will e n ligh t e n.the
The Roman
Christian followers.
Indian Voi6� · magazirie.)
Catholic Church, one of the weal
thiest organizations in .the· world��
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bought seventy women from India-- : '.'
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L E' T T E R S
for $600. a head. They were to
. . ·to
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be· trained as Catholic nuns.' That.. .,
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the
W<;t�":only three years ago� ·'The
:
·.co'tnmon- term for such a transaction
,.E D . i- T 0 R
· . .. is, "Human bondage or Slavery.".
For a reli�ion that claims salva
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tion for all people---it certainly
has gone ast�ay in. practicing what
, Hai.if 1,.'orig ·vn t it take our . .
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it preaches. · "
people' of fen'9.(?scot �at iQn to re- The �hurch_s unsigned partner,
ali.i.e... that �w��· h;ave o�_en· robbed of
th� various levels of Pmerican
our .Cu];ture .. by -r-�l.5;�eous and pol
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government, should recieve· i.t's
i ·n.c·a1 opport�n.ist? ·: ·
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credit .for -three centuries: of
.. , <For· eve'!·' t�r�e;.' 'hundred years
our"white· bro'tfle-rs. wf\8':c1arm their
genocide against Indian peopfA in
·
·-.way· o:f "l�:fe· ··to,·be :superio'r ,.to our
the name of freedom.
Iri 1725,
We �eri not exclud�d;
tra ct itionaT'' id'e'al's, h.a:'s :bra:in :..., ...
the rrommon ealth of �a��achu�atts
wash�d us with . . his gosp�t ind m�n
. �
. . . .. .
placed a b�unty on the ��al�s of .
made values'.
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Penobscot Tndians because.we· as
'The . .P�o-of. is · a1 l ai:o u n ci,' us. , ,
a people W:6.tild not ac-cept -:the. King.
Look on both ·sides of. th e r ·p � nobs-·
"'
cot� "6n·c e we held' t'riat ·. ·1and · rn "· : of Englarid �� our �l�t.. T�� En�� .
lish wer� gene�ous� ·4� pou�ds for
trus·t for our · Creato·r�
Toa·a.y: 1t" ,
belorigs t6. the ·sta�e 6f "M8;1ne '·and" � Penob�c�� .�al�. s� � iP. and 20.
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so ao we.- 'E've'n on our Pendbscot'
pounds for .a woman · or chi'lds s�al,p
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N_atfo.n stands 'the ve"r:y symbolS of.
The En �l-i s !i _prqc la � n:i � ·(ion was n.evf;
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stficken from their law books,.
·otir ·destruction; the 'Christ1an
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chui'chs.
From ..experie'rice � ...it• s · · The State.· :of Maine became ah '6ut-
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easy·:"to say otir White ·brothers . ·_· law'..when 'it. entered into several
:
t � e�_� _ies vi� tn · ��Gbbs.cot. I.n� ian ··
histqry boo:ks fa{led to tell .tne .··
·
Nation. · The. unit�d :s.t.ate-s con�·
,st �an�· ·: �J':ten
>Qhri
true ·st'ory" of tr:te
�t�i�utio n ' exp],.ic_itlY: ;forbade. any: ..
"!e ·:�ifre .:l?'e ir;� _. � nt �q � � � . . Th_Eit .fact
·
stat.�· ·from· · ¢.nte.r in g · i nto a treaty ·
is· i ··the · .christ la.l'.J,S stippdrteci t h e
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with anybody.· It's i:1maz ing. now . '. . :
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whol_�-�-� � �... s.iau�q_t�r t ilg .and . . � heft
our White brothers ask· us .to· re � ·
of .Ind�a� peopl�s .Qatur�l rights
sp�e,c_� �h� i_r ,Iaws'. wh:e.n; ';th�y refuse '
from O'rie: coastline . to the. other.
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t·cr �do so themselves.. Hip:ocrasy
A 11 "fn "the ··nanie O'f 'Christia:ni ty.
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Can ·.y0u . _ i'rqagfr:ie the creator; :of a.ll ·at i t s· :best.·.
·wnJ. te· brothers. :�oyernment
.,. ·oui'.
p�O'pfe·:::a�d· ·Earth · sayin � , . u·Ye$_, .. . � '.
:
t�os€:Wh6 _d66't accept Ch�ist�an�� r e st r ic t s our h untin,Q: and . fishing ...
:
ity!°"·s"hou lei · ;·lje" · mas�q.cred "and the ... · '. rii;h�� · and says, � I;t. c.c.ul<l deJ?1e��
r�st ':6f. th �m sh.ail· u·ve in' ··pov'e:tt\r' the'.� wi J_ d l ife popula��on�:�'.,. M�ybe;··h
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foreve-·r .·" .. .,I ·;·h'ap·e 6ur. c·r e'ator< loves th.ey �hquld . of. worrre·q,j3.pout .· . ... ".. +
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w'i ldl1fe · depie. tion whe'.ri .they �.dam.�.·
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· ·us ":trfore ;"�han , t'hat � .
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. Many· dhris-t'i·ari·s -:· say�- i·: "' B.ut fh.it up .the, -rive.rs. :and bufi'd p�pe r · mills
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Wh:P'.�.e ..-'.d�s � a:rd_e·d f_:l.lt.h ·can . ·onlY! ·be...
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was -a Ion� t im e .ago· .... ·WAS · IT?·
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· . (Cont.· on n ext ,page )
s.. ·a.·ga··:at '._\l{�unde{+ '. :-.�.
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oiny :�eighty 'yecLr' . .
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parties co·nc erned, · to· · allo.w and·":
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condone these false images to.' ccm-·
The perpetuatibrt-�f the
tinu�.
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myths must· st'op·.·
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o. 1
�( Le t t e r s
c ont . )
from t hroughout the c o unt ry for
the purpose o f · dis c us s in� c ommon.
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l o v e d by t ho s e wh o r e ap t h e · pr o fit . problems in c ommun icat i ons among
Our own land and r ive r . hav�
-I nd i an pe o ple and t o plan for t h e
be c ome a vic tim o f t he s e c ircum�ene�ai improvement o f c ommuniT h e underhand e d bui1d ing · c at i ons .
st anc e s .
o f a dam 200 yar d s from our shore
line , . and treat i e s t-h at are illega l W i t h national adminis t r�t i on
from t h e first word t o t h e las t
pol i cy o f Ind i an Self-Det e rminat io�
�h e G ov e rnor o f our -P e nobs c ot
the ne c e s s ity o f mas s c ommun i c a
Nation s ays . , "We s h o ul d: not c om
t i ons improvement �mong Indian
plain s i nc e we us, e what t h e Wh it e '.
pe ople is b e c om ing inc reas ingly
brot h e r has �iven _ t o u s . "
Nobody
c rit i c al .
T h e Indian n ew spa pe rs
can d en� t h e Gove rnors �o�ds ,. bui ·
and per i od i c als are t h e c hannels
even our Governor c an ' t qeny t hat
for t h i s c ommunic ation and t h e
we have pa i d for "progre s s" with
roles o f t he i r ed itors are b e c om
our herit age , id ent it y.an d every
ing·more and more impo rt ant.
t h i ng t hat make s us Penobs c ot men ,
we· requ e s t t hat you , as t h e h e ad
women , and c hild r e n.
o f t he s pon s o ring organiz ation o f
T o tho s e who s ay t h e t rad i t i on a l
the
Ind ian i d e als are o f t he pas t and
MA INE NEWS LETT ER
infe rior t o t h e pre s ent S y s t em;
as s ure t hat ·t his publicat i on is
Our I nd i an anc e s t o rs nev e r
r e pre s e nt ed at t his v e ry important
l e t h i s bro t h e r , r e d or whit e ,
c o n fe r e nc e .
s t arve when �h e r e was ple nt y . The
P ilgrims w i l l at e s t to thatl
Our
T h e Americ an Ind i an Pres s A s s o
I ndian anc e s t o rs never c o nd emned
a man . t o f i gnt or · d i e f o r s ome th i ng c iat i on ext end s appr e c i at i on t o
you · fo r your c o operation and c on
he didn ' t · b e lieve .
Our I nd i an
anc e s t o r s· · neve-r rap e d and. p i l lage d t i nu eq int e re s t in t he improvement
o f c ommun i c at i ons .
t h e v e ry e lem e nt from wh i c h we a l l
c ome from-- -Mot h e r Eart h .
_$ i nc e re ly ,
·. I w on ' t . l ow e r mys e l f t o a
.
boas t e r by c la iming t h e T rad itional
Char l e s E. T rimb l e
Indian . id ea l s are supe rior .
But
Ex e c ut iv e Dire c t or
unt i l o ur Whit e b r o t h e r s ' relige ous
and po l it ic al ins t it ut i ons show
*
· j u s t ice t o all p e o p l e ins t e ad .o f. ·
s T
t h e i r p o c k e t b o ok s , I wil 1 s ay i �,,
. 0
j u s t as e ffic i e rit . a s any s ys t em
brought ac re s � t he At l ant i c Oce an.
Unity wi 11 be our s t re ne-;th!
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T im o t hy Love
A Proud P e nobs c ot
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De ar.Eqit o r:
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'l'h e Americ an · Indian P r e s s As s o
c ia�icn · ts .spons or1n� . an American
I ndian Mas s M e d ia C onferenc e �une
SI G/vEl:J
8 · t hrough Jun e 10 in M inneapo l i s
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Th-is c onferenc e wi ll brin� t og-e-�her.,
e dit ors and r e pr e s e nt at ive � o f. · .
�. .. :
I ndian n· ews papers an<l · pcrior1 ic a l s
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NIXON .ALIEN.�
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YOU CAN JAI L A MAN, BUT·.· .
YOU CAN ' T · IMPR I S ON HIS S OUL
R ICHARD TOMPK I NS is an Ame r i c an
I nd ian, se lf e du c ate d , �ome th ing of
a mysti c and , a c c ord ing to many
pe op l e , an extraord inar i ly t alent e dt
art ist .
He is .. a lso a c onv i c te d k i l l e r , a
man who has spent the past f ive
years - as we l l as thre e · ye ars be
fore that - c o ope d up in a c e ll at
Ma ine State Prison , whe r e he was
c omm itte d· for l ife in 196 7 for
manslaught e r .
What k e e ps h im a l ive, he says ,
is pa int i ng , Th e 14 hours a day
t hat inmates must spe nd out of e v
e ry 24 l o c�ed up alqne he uses t o
transc end h is surround i ngs . He
turns cut c anvas afte r canvas rang
ing from _sur�eal ist�c c onc eptions
of spi r its r is ing from brick wa l ls
to c are :fu l ly d e l ine ated past ora l
sc enes d om inate d by a foreground
of prison bars.
For a l o ng time. , Tomk ins , a
st r ik ing f igure at s ix foot two ,
w i th j e t black ha ir and fine ly
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c h ise l l e d features , pa inted w i t hout
re c o�n it i on . Th en in 1970 one of
h is pa intings �on f i rst prize in a
N e w Hampsh i re art show in c ompe tit
ion w ith the work of 800 other
art ists . I t was ent e red w ithout
Tompk in ' s prev i ous · know l e dge by a
pe rson who had be�n g iven the paint
ing . S inc e th en Tompk in ' s canva��s
have d rawn favorable c omment in two
more shows . and h is work has b e c om e
inc reasingly sought aft e r , mostly
by pr ison staff and the i r· fri e nds.
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CAPTUR ING the sp i r i t of impr is
onment through art has b e c om e a
dai ly quest for Tompk ins , who d o es
most of his pa int ing with in his
e ight. by severt-foot c ell.
".I try t o proje ct the sou l o f
the ma i n body o f inmates here who
fe e l the same as I do . The re's a
lot of sou l he re, a lot o f fe e l ing.
That ' s why I pa int: not for myself
but for everybody. That has b e e n
my purpose i n l ife.
, " I n my paintings I t ry t o get at
the s�i r i t i ns i d e the prison , inside
e v e rybody. I d on ' t know· how to
say it , �t ' s a k i nd of essenc e ,
the �� i r it we a ll f e e l. There
is the c o nstant· t orment here , the
s ilenc e , the monot ony . You hear
prac t i c a l ly the same phr�ses from
everybody , the re is not h ing new .
There is nothing , rea l ly , t o in
sp ire you but the truth , the i d e as
that hang off the wal l , the sound�
they aren't be aut ifu l . · ·I l ik e
t o pa int the facts , the trut h that
peop le should se e . "
. W ith in the 330 inmate pr ison
just off U . S. One Tompk ins has e n
d e avore�to shape h is l ife around
h is pa iriiing . Pr ison offic ials
have c o ope rated t o the ext e nt of
prov id ing art mate rials and al
low ing h im t o o c casionally sub
st itute his own independent a�t
work for pr ison labor.
Tompk ins c e l l is f it t e d out
someth i ng l ike a stud io.
With in its c onfines , Tompk ins
h�s neatl� arrayed tubes of o i l ,
a pa l lete and pa int ings in var
ious stages of c ompl e t i on.- He
ut i l izes a d esk and the wa ll for
an · e ase l and in the dayt ime is ·
ab l e ·t o tak e advantage of natural
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l ight ing ·from a w i nd ow that ove r
loo.ks the pr ison yard. So that
he can pa int at night , pr ison
guards have replac e d the standard
25 wat t c ell bulb w it h a 100-watt
l ight that a llows him b e tt e r .c olqr
jiid:g ement
Usual ly h� pa ints from
lock�up t im e , in the lat e aft e r�
noon , t o curf��. 11 p.m.
" · At other t imes dur ing tbe.day,
whe n c e- lls are unlo c k e d and the re
is no required work , Tompk ins
talces his o ils and c anvas t o lar
g e r rooms 'wh e re he is ab le to st ep
back an�gain a pe rspe c t ive that
is impossible t o achieve w ithin
his ce 11. He ava ils himself of
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e ve ry pa int ing opportu:n ity
FOR TOMPKINS, l i fe began Jl
yea.r.s · ago in anonymity.· .He neye r
knew h is real parents , · ' a lthough '
fost e r parents' w ith wnom h.e grew .�
u·p· in the P i t tsf ie-ld a:rea said he
was an Ind ian.. H is features leave
little' reason·to d oubt that con
t _ e n�i�� and, (c ont on pag el2)
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EDUCATIN G THE
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EDUCATORS
An· I nd i-�n h igh sc hoo l te acher gives
his op in i on as to wh e re the . rem- ··
edy must b e app l i e d to c�re the
educ at i ona l i l ls of his pe ople .
by Lloyd E lm
It is my present c on c e rn to re
late to yoti, possibly to e ducate,
possibly to bro ade n your view, the
condit i on of th e Ind ian today . I
know th e re is a trem endous n e e d to
educate, in a l l its forms, the
young Indian pe ople . I teach bi
ology and I teach an Indian culture
c lass . We get together and talk
about th e Indian way of l ife and
I r e a lize how very important it is
for our European brothers, if th ey
are go ing to pe rpetuate themselves,
to adapt some of the Indian ways
of l iving. Just living that way
do es not mak e a person an Indian .
It goes mush beyond that, it goes
into the way that you think and
the way you treat· other pe ople
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As time went on, we began to
rea l ize, not just myse lf but many
of our Ind ian l e ade rs w ith in the
stud ent body , that it was t ime we
at l e ast try to be c ome se lf-deter
m in ing . Th is is someth ing that is
very touc hy to talk to mod e rn day
educ ato rs about b e c ause when. you
ment i on se lf- d eterm inat i on they
add separatism . The pe ople who
talk about money talk about seg
regat i on . Some pe o p l e , educators
primar i ly , are unab l e to separate
se�regat ion from separatism and
from se lf-d eterm inat i on . A nd these
are men who are �overn ing what is
taught at. Oswego, at C ortland and
at· Syrac use . One sat r ight there
and · sa id , " You c annot d raw a l ine
betwe en segregation and se paratism-··
and �- e lf-dete rm inat ion . " There was
no l in e there . Wh enever you d ev
iate from · the i r methods , then it .
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is s e gre�at ion .
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is grow
I have a fe e l ing that
ing stronger, that w ith in our
c ountry the re is a c anc e rous, sub
c onsc i ous d e c i s i on·never to · allow
the m in o r ity groups to e v e r fully
and c ompl ete ly' suc c e ed . That is
what we are c op ing with. Se lf
determinati on is a trend that is
c ontrary_ to mode rn day educat i on .
You,. as educators, are c on
fronted w ith a dilemma that has
fac ed Indian _pe ople for 400 ye ars .
The I ndian has had to c ope with a
socia l dise ase referred to as
pate rna lism . · Pate rnalism is a
c o nc ept that deve loped whe n th e
Great White Father and h is people
came ac ross the oc ean, making
· c la ims on Ind ian land without
asking the Indian . The white man
took th e Indian land and thought
the Indian to be igno rant, savage,
and unciv il ized, w ith no idea of
what it is to l ive. Immediate ly,
the Europe ans attempte d to change
th e Ind ian pe opl e .
But the v e ry same type of pate r�·
na lism exists today and th is is
part of th e d i l emma that we are
caught in. We can ta lk in terms
of paternal ism and say it'� not
ri�ht, that it does not h elp to
send VISTA volunte e rs.to the res
e rvation and have them.work with
the Indian· stude nts to.change
their attitudes and �ive them new
values, non- Indian values, · so they
will be better able to ·c ope with
l ife . We are faced with that side
of the d i lemma . How far d o we go?
Whe n do you go beyond h e lp ing?
There was one Ind ian student
who had d ropped out of a c o lle�e .
Even with a l l of the preparat ion
·and pape rwork that it tak es to get
an Ind ian stud ent into c o l lege,
this stud e nt had done noth ing for
h imse lf . The gu idanc e c ounse lors
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· d id eve rvth ing� They wrote the
letters of re c omme ndat i on , or got
other pe opl e to write them� He
was sh ipped off to c o l lege and the
money was wa iting the ra for h im ,
as was h is acad emic program. He
was to ld th is is th e pro�ram that
you w i ll fo l l ow , �nd �hese are th e
c ourses .YOU ·w i l l take.- What eff
e ct on th�t ind ividua l ' s se lf
c on c e pt , h is se lf-este em? What
e ffect d i d that have? What effe ct
d id that paterna l ism have on h is
i ntegrity , (cont. on· next page)
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�At Lafayette this year we had
a new teacher, a laay teacher, a
or feelin
that· he is going to
fine, educated individual.
But
fulfill himself? . What effect n id
she was unable to communicate
it have on his concept of self
with the Indian students because
oetermination?
That is one-half
she did not know that when you
of the dilemma.
ask an Indian student a question,
. The other· half of
it is this:
If you do no� offer
if he does not know the answer,
help to the Indians, do not ask
he will not try to bluff you.
He
them if they want it, what is to
is not goin� to say anything. She
happen to them? . It is very siminteroreted this behavior as ag
ple.
They are going ·to be unable
ressi�e.
It was merely behavior
to cop
with society.
that this Indian had learned in
his culture on the reservation.
So, this is the dilemma.
When
If he does not know the answer to
does sincere help turn into pat
a question he will not try to
ernalism?
When does sincere help
bluff.
He might sit there and.
changP. into somAthing that begins
smile a little bit, but he will
to destroy the inctivi�ual as he
not say anything.
That individual
attempts to go to college?
I think was stereotyped as a behavioral
that you should develop a �P.mP.dial
problem.
curriculum for all higher education
P.ducators that are going to be
At the beginning of this year
working with Indian stuctents. TAaat Lafayette we are going to have
chers· are only a p�odubt of their
a one-day workshop that is going
education.
If you look at their
to be conducted totally by Indian
education, you find that thPV have
personnel from the Onondaga Res
no idea of how a young Indian stuervation for all the teachers
dent of 13 years is going to leave
that are there, expecially the new
a reservation in the sixth grade
teachers.
We are going to have
and move into a dominant society
a workshop where we are going to
where he is in a minority. The
relate to them some of the basi�
teacher has no idea of the values
behavior patterns they will be
that are gain� to dictate his in.
confronted with that none of their
tegration.
Teachers have no idea
school books have taught them,
of the intrinsic values of the
that none of the movies they saw
Indian culture, the Indian way of
when they were taking their soclife.
As a result, how . . can we
iology course have taught them.
expect �he teacher to cope with
We might destroy a lo�. of misconand ·to educate that young Indian?
ceptions.
When I periodically get
The problems of the Indian peoto teachers colleges and try to
ple oi;
reservation at Akwesasconvey to future teac�ers some of
ne, similarly . Akron or Gowanda
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the Indian problems of today, theJ
where th� other Six Nations people
ignorance of basic Indi�n values
live, are not the Indian's problems.
amazes me.
How can a person at
The difficulties the Indian experthis time of civilization be so
ierices ar: a �ymptom of the lack
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totally i�norant, and be. s� to
of education in the educators themtally mislead about what the Inselves.
It is not the educators
dia� is today?
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·:rault, they,.. are caught in the overall 'education system that prepares
How do · you keep In.dian students
the educators.· Some .teachers are
in collegeJ when we· should be
very lucky that they.have the .type
talking about how do you educate
·of pBrsonality that can communicate
the educators so that they can
with a · young Indian who is integra- 11nrt0rs
tand the �ndian val�es toting into 'his dominant society.
day?··How can you teach a teacher.
Some · are lucky, but most of them
so that she can teach an Indian
are not,
student?
(cont. ·an page 9)
(En.
the
E ducators
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(Ed. t h e Educat o rs
c ont . )
o f I ndians is put ting up now t o
k e e p t heir fe l l ow Pit Riv e r peo p l e
When you s o lv e t hat prob l e m , t his
o ff Indian land.
T h e only land ,
sympt om t hat w· e are talking about
for a l l pract ic a l purpo s e s , l e ft
wil l be s . lved.
o
You might st art
t o t h e Pit Riv e r t ribe is t h e X-L
wit h your ind ivid ua l s c ho o l on t he · Ranch in Mod o c County, Ca lifo rnia .
high s c h o o l l eve l , as w e at La fay- T his 9242 a c r e s , bought by t h e
e t t e a r e going t o d o.
We are deBure au o f Indian Affairs for t h e
ve l o ping a program lik e t his work - Pit Riv e r T ribe in 1938, w a s as s
whop.
It wil l be for t h o s e t e ache rs e s s e d at ove r $550,000 in 1964.
dire c t ly inv o lv e d with Indian
It is c lo s e d t o a l l but 10 membe rs
stud e nt s .
We ' re going to t e ach ·
o f t h e Pit Riv e r H ome and Agrit hem t h e basic fundament a ls o f t h e
c u ltural Coope rative A s s o c iation
Gre at Law.
We are going to t @ll
and t h eir familie s , and t h e A s s o them c e rt ain part s o f t h e Gai
c iation is a lways re pre s e nt e d by
' waiio.
We are going t o lis t p o s one man - Errin For r e s t .
sib ly 1 5 t o 20 basic b e havior pat Forr e s t and t h e As s oc iation
t e rns t hat are born in an I ndian
c ons tit ut e t h e only o rganization
re c ogniz e d by t h e Bure au of · Indian
culture on a re s e rvation.
A f fairs ( BIA ) from t he Pit Riv e r
T his is j us t a b e ginning , but
T rib e.
T h e Pit Riv e r T riba l Counwe a r e going t o e d uc at e t h e e ducat o r s ,
I t hink t hat is whe re you cil, whic h re fus�s t o c om p ly with
st art .
t he Bur e au s pe cific ations f o r t h e
( Educ ating t h e E d u c at ors - S t .
c o ns titution b e c aus e t h e y w ou l d
Law e nc e Univ e r s it y - J u ly 12- 30,71 ) have t o give u p m o s t o f t heir pow
e r t o t h e BIA, is not r e c ogniz e d ;
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the BIA t rie s t o pret e nd t hat t he
T riba l Council d o e s . not e xis t.
A PPLE
But it c onduc t s bus in e s s wit h out
the s anc tion of t he Bur e au - and
OF T HE MONTH
has b e e n known t o run Bur e au o ffi
c ia l s out o f Pit Riv e r c ount ry ·
app l e (n ) 11 t h e f l e s hy
roun d e d
and r e d
e d ib l e pome fruit o f a
physic a l ly.
tre e
Errin Forre s t , on t h e ot h e r
o f t he ro s e family; 2: a
hand , i s t h e c h o s e n one o f t h e
fruit or o t h e r v e ge t ab l e prod u c t
BIA ' s S a c rament o A r e a O f fic e . And
i o n s uggis t iv e o f a n app l e . ( W e bs
as a reward for t hre e d e c ad e s . o f
ter ) .
lic king t he BIA ' s b o o t s , t h e A s s o
app l e ( n ) re d on t h e out s id e and
whit e on t h e ins id e , ( I ndian Voic e ) . c iation was s lat e d s om e few ye ars
ago to re�eiv e c l e ar tit l e t o t h e
X - L Ranc h, which w o u l d have barr e a
I ndian Voic e ' s firs t "A pple o f
· o t h e r Pit Riv e r Indians from i t
t h e Mont h " honors go t o a m�n who
foreve r; a t t h e pre s e nt t h e y are
has fought for t he hon o r for s ev
e ra l y e ars .
T h o s e who have p laye d e ffe c tive ly barr e d from it
uno f ficia l ly .
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b o o t lic k e y and aid e t o t h e whit e
T h e Bur e au and t h e A s s o c iation
po liticians fo r ye ars are bein�
have the pow e r t o bar ot h e r Pit
expo s e d , and we are ple as e d t o
Riv e r Indians from X-L Ran c h b e
t e l l you about one in · our won
c aus e t h e t e rms o f t he t it l e s ta
mid s t . ( T his fe ature . wi l l run
t e d that it was t o b e t ak e n " in
r e gu l ar l y in Indian Voic e. )
E rrin Forr e s t w e l l d e s e rv e s t h e t ru s t f o r s u c h bands o f Pit Rive r
Indians o f t h e S tat e o f C a lifornia
h ono r o f fir s t A p p l e o f t h e Mont h.
For years h e has s t o od on t h e sid e as s ha l l be d e s ignat e d by t h e S e c
o f whit e s who u s e d his own p e o pl e , r e tary o f t h e Int e rior . " T h e l o c a)
and has us e d his own p e o p l e as we l l repr e s e nt at ive o f t he Secretary,
t h e S acrament o A r e a O ffic e o f t h e
t o �ain his own e nd s .
One e xam p l e . o f t his i s t he fight Bureau o f Indian Affa i rs , has us e d
Forr e s t and his c lo s e d c orp ora t i o n ( Cont, o n page 10 )
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(APPLE
cont . )
T h i s hu�e p e r c e nt age o f the bud
g e t w ent. 't o a re- s e rvat i o n wh i c h
t h i s d i s cret ionary p ow e r t o r e
c ompri s e s l e s s than 2 % o f t h e In
ward i t s b o o t l i c ke rs , and a t t he
d ian land iri 't h e s tat e , · but · wh i c h
re que s t · o f t h e A s s o c i at i on was
i s a l l t h e land l e ft t o t h e P it
pre par ing two y e ars ago to g iv e
R iv e r t r ib e , w it h t he e x c e pt i on
cle�r t it l e t o t h e· Ran c h t o t h e
o f t hre e sma l l ranc h e r ias c om
A s s o c iat i on .
·pr i s ing l e s s t han 500 a c r e s .
T h en t h e Pit Riv e r T r ibal C oun
Err in Fo rre s t w o u l d l ike t o b e
c i l , in a s � s s i on at t e nd e d by m o s t
t h e b e ne f i c iary o f t h e Ranc h ,
o f t h e t r i b e , inc luding som e mem-·
t hrough t h e B IA , and t h e B IA w o u l d
b ers o f t he A s s o c i ation , d e c i d e d
l i ke t o s e e the c l e ar t itle t o t h e
t o re c l aim m o s t o f t h� 3 . 3 86 mi l
Ranch go t o t he A s s o c iat i on ( For
l i on acre s wh i c h t he Indian C la ims
re s t ) , for s e rv i c e s rend e red .
C omm i s sion has a c know l e dged w e re
Forre s t was a lmo s t s uc c e s s fu l
t aken i l l e ga l ly from t h e t r i be ,
i n hav ing t i t l e t o X - L turne d
The
�Ve r t o t h e A s s o c i at i on .
( Mu c h of t his land i s now h e l d by
h e arings on t h e mat t e r we re t o b e
the Fed era l G overnm ent -t h e Bureau
c l o s e d , s o t h e T r ib a l C o unc i l
o f L�nd Management , · and t h e Bure au
brought an in j unc t i on t hrough
o f · Parks . ) A t t h e s ame tim e , in
C a liforn i a Ind i an Le ga l Serv i c e s
addit i on t o o c c u py ing l and s h e l d
to forc e an open h e aring. When
n o w b y t h e Pac i fic G a s and E l e c t r ic
the C ourt rule d t hat any h e ar ing
C ompany , t h e Tr i b e had anot h e r
a c tion o n i t s harids �try i ng t o pre
w o u ld re qu ire 9 0 days notic e t o
t h e part i e s c dnc e rne d , t h � BIA
v e nt the i l l e ga l pas s ing o f t h e
X - L Ran c h int o the hand s o f a pr iv s �ught t o s e t t l e t h e mat t er in
s t e ad through C ong�e s s , by hav
i l ege d f e w wh o c o o pe rat e w it h. t h e
ing a law pas s e d wh irih wouid have
B IA .
bypas s e d t h e h e ar ing. Onc e aga in
F o rre s t has a pa i d j ob f o r t h e
t h e C o unc i l members w e r e forc e d
s t at e ; h e i s t h e l e g i s lat ive a id
t o g o t o Wash ingt on t o ·t e s t i fy ,
t o Pau l ine Dav i s , .one o f t h e m o s t
and t h e bi l l w�s t empo�ar i ly
Re aganesque members o f t h e A s s em
k i l led .
b ly .
S h e and Forr e s t , a long w it h
But Fo rre s t i s s t i l l t ry ing� H e
o t h e r membe rs o f t h e C a lifo'rn ia
As s e m b ly , hat c h e d .a ·s c h eme und e r
h a s fr i ends in S a c rame nt o and
Was h ingt on , and is b ig · in't h e In
whic h t h e y w o u l d· be e nr i c h e d , a s
t e rt riba l C ounc i l of C a l i f o rn ia;
w e l l a s c e rt ain memb e rs o f t h e A
he was t h e l ong- t ime v i c e -pre s i
s s o c i ation .
T h e p lans w o u l d have
d ent t hrough a s uc c e s s i on o f
a l l ow e d re s o rt · c abins to have be e n
bu ilt o n t he X - L'·Ran c h , us ing 's t at e , pre s id ents , £ew o f whom w e r e not .
in o f f i c e l ong e n ough t o kno� t h e
mon i e s , for t h e · us e o f Dav i s and·
rope s .
o t h e r h igh powe r wh i t e po l it ieians ,
.
.
. Err in Forre s t , a pe rfe c t exam
on t h e s ho r e s df a l ake t o b e bu i lt
ple of t he m o d e rn-day app l e , s e l l
by the As s ori i at i on .
ing o ut h i s p e o p l e t o make a f�s t
T h e B IA graht e d $8 0 , 0 0 0 t o t h e
.
buc k , and for po l� t i c a l pro f it ._ ·
A s s o c i a t i on f o r a " fe as i b i l i t y .
.
s tudy "· . o·f th e pro pos-ed pro j e ct �
( INDIAN V O IC E Feb 72 Vo l 2 N o -1 ).
T h i s c ontrast s with a t o t a l o f
$JO , 0 0 0 · f o r i rr igati.on pro j e c t s · o · n
* * * � * � * *' * * * * '* * * *
a l l C a l i f o 'rn i a re s e rvat i ons f o r.. ·
t h e s ame y e a r , 197 0 , and · a l l t h i s
M I S S I ONA R IES
amount w.e ·n t t o X- L Ranc h , de s p i t e
.
.
.... · AND THE RE_L I G I OUS Yf1C UUM t h e c ry·ing. ne e d fo r irr·igat i on
,
_
pro j e c t s '- on s ev e ra l o t h e r . r e s e r
· · R e l i� i on · t oday , or �t l e a s t·
vat i on s . · And o f t h e $333,UOO al
l o c at ed in 19 7 0 for road �udg e t s
C hr i s t i an it y , d o e s not prov ide
for C a lifornia reserva-t;jons , $146 , . the understanding with wh i c h s o
·
000 was a l l o cated · t o · X-L Ranch.
· Ci? t.y makP � ( con:t On. next: page)
•
•
•
..:
•
�( 11 )
( M I S S I ON A R IES
•
•
•
C O� T . )
ours e lv e s .
I nd ians know t hat pe o p l e d i e .
T h e y ac c e pt d e ath as a fac t o f
l i fe � · Rat h � r t han bu i l� a s e r
i e s o f log i c a l s y l l o g i sms that
r e a s o n away gr i e f , I nd ian p e o p l e
have a c e remony o f mourn ing by
wh i c h gr i e f c an pro pe r ly be e x - .
pre s s e d .
D e pend ing on � h e t r i ba l
t rad it i ons , �r i e f i s u s ua l ly ac
c ompan i e d by s pe c i f i c ac t s o f
mourn ing , wh i c h i s t he n e nd e d by
. giv ing a f e a s t for t h e c ommun ity .
s ens e .
N o r d o e s i t prov i d e any
me ans · by wh i c h t h e l i f e o f t h e in�
d iv i d u a l has value � · C hr i s t i an ity
f i ght s unr e a l c r i s e s w h i c h it e re - ·
at e s by i t s fas c i nat i o n w ith i t s
own ab st ract i o ns .
I reme�b e r go ing t o an Ind ian
home s ho rt ly a ft e r t h e d e at h o f a
c h i ld .
T h e r e was a R oman . C ath6l i c
pri e s t admon i s h ing t h e mot h e r n o t
t o c ry b e c aus e t h e c h i ld w a s now
with Je sus .
A ut omat i c a l ly , he in
. s i s t e d , be c aus e i t had b ee n bap
( C UST E R D I ED FOR YOU R S IN S
t i � e d ·.
Gr i e f , he d e c la�ed , was
V in e D e l o r ia , Jr . )
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
unnat ura l to man eve r s inc e J e s us
d i e d o n t h e c ro s s .
H e w e nt on t o
t �l l h o w G o d h a d d e c id e d on a ��e�t
I n a few d ays -maybe t omorrow
m i s s i o n for t h e c h i ld and had c a l
Ma ine re s i d e nt s w i l l be s e arc h in g
l e d i t h ome t o H im and t hat t h e
t h e boggy c ount rys i d e in t h e h o p e
moth e r � o u ld · s e e t he hand o f G o d in o f p i c k i ng a " me s s o f f i d d l e h e ad s .
the c h i ld ' s d e at h and ne e dn ' t won
T h e s pr i ng pas t ime o f_ gat he r i ng
.d e r ab out it s c ou·s e ·.
f i d d l eh e ad gre e ns go e s bac k t o t h s
I n fac t , t he moth e r had not won
days o f t he I nd ians .
d e re d about the r e as o n for the
The f i d d l e h e ad ls a gre e n na
c h i ld ' s d e at h .
H e r c h i ld had fa l
t ive to the S t at e of M a i n e and t h e
l e n from a s e c ond- s t o ry w in d ow and
/ t lant i c Prov inc e o f N e w Bru n s
s u f fe r e d int e r n a l in j u � i e s .
It h ad w i ck and t hr iv e s · t h e mom e nt t he
l inge r e d s ev e ra l days w i t h a numbe r warm s pr ing sun warms t h e e art h
o f ru pt ure d o rgans and had eventi n t h e r i ch bot t omland s .
ua l ly and m e rc i fu l ly d i e d .
St i�k i ng i t s t iny c u r l e d h e ad
.
I c o u ld n e ve r be l i e ve t hat t h e
above t h e w int e r k i l le d brown
pr i e s t w a s c om fo rt ing t h e mot h e r .
v e g e t at i o n s igna l s t h e s tart o f
It s e em e d rat h e r t hat h e was t ry i ng anothe r s e as o n as d e ar t o s ome a s
frant i c a l ly t o r e inforc e what had
t h e t rout open ing t o f i sh e rman .
b e e n t aught t o h im in s em inary ,
For it i s t h e n when a c e rt a i n har
dy few v e nture forth int o t h e fe r
d o c t r i n e s t hat now s e em e d sh ak en
t i'l e � o ft e n E lm s had ed g l ad e s
t o t h e i r ro ot s .
T h e who l e s c e n e
w a s fr i ght e n ing i n i t s abs t rac� .
. wh e re s pawn t h e growt h o f t h e
f i d d l e he ad .
c rue l t y . ' I fe lt s orr i e r f o r t n e
T h e f i d d l e h e ad a c t ua l ly n e e d s
pr i e s t t han for t h e moth er .
His
no e i planat i o n o f it s name s in e �
obv i ous d i s be l i e f i n what h e was ·
it d o e s l o o k e xac t ly l ik e a h e ad
t e l l ing h e r and h i s inab i l it y t o
But t o t ho s e who
o f a v i o l in .
fac e d e at h i n i t s b it t e r e s t mome nt
·
have nev e r ac tua l ly s e en a f i d d l e
mad e h im t h e t ra g i c £ i gure .
h e ad t h e r e i s o ft e n c on fus i on w i � �
T hat i s why I be l i eve t h at I n
d i an re l ig i on w i l l be t h e s a lvat i o� o t h e r non� e d i b l e fe rns .
· T h e und e s i rab l e fe rri� have a
o f t h e Ind i an p e o p l e .
I n I nd i an ·
c harac t e ri s t i c po i s e d s nak e appea
re l ig i ons , re gard l e s s o f t he t r i b e
ran q e and are i n many · p l a c e s. r e
d e at h i s a nat ural o c c u rrenc e and . ·
fe rre d t o a s " s nak e brak e s " .
n o t a s pe c i a l pun i s hm e nt from . an
F i d d l e h e ad s �row a lmo s t l ik e
arb i t rary ' G o d .
Ind i an p e ppie · d o
mag i c as t n e y " appear ove rn i ght
not t ry t b r e a s o n t h �rns e l� � s out .
a ft er b e ing c oaxe d by t he f i r s t
o f t h e i r gr i e f .
N o r d o t h e y t ry
warm s·un o f s pr ing .
T h e t ot. a l
t o mak e a natural but sad event an
p i 6k ing ·s e a s on i s about two w e e k s . ·
o cc a s i o n fo� · prob ing t h e rat i on a l e
( Co nt � o n page 14 )
o f what e v e r r e a l i t y e x i s t s b e yond ·
·
·
�r
( 12 )
( Y OU
S OU L c ont . from p�ge 2 ) · ·
c o l o rs , t hat he had an inne r
k n ow � e dge , an uncanny know l ed ge o f
w i t h a m ixture o f s ham e and pr i d e , way� o f pre s e nt ing h i s c ompos i t i on
T ompk i ns has ac c e pt e d h i s Ind ian
a:·n d s ub j e c t..
T hat was my im
h e r i t age and nev� r i nqu i r e d of h i s pre s s i o n and t hat is why I vot e d
r e a l par e nt s .
T o t h i s d a� h i
:
f"o r t hat - pa i nt i ng as t h e w i nn e r . "
d o e s n ' t · c are t o e x p l o r e h i s · fam i ly
T h e fo l l ow i ng y e ar T ompk ins e n
·
h i s t ory .
t e r e d an annua l e x h i b i t s po ns o r e d
" I t ' s u nk nown and I ' d rat her
b y the Farnswort h Mus e um i n Ro c k
hav e i t s tay t hat way , · be c aus e
�and .
A lt hough h e r e c e iv e d no
t hat ' s h ow i t i s w i t h me . · T od ay
award s , h i s w o rk d rew c ons i d e rable
i f I want t o I c an b e an A pa c h e
c omme nt .
T ompk ins has e nt e re d t he
a n d t om o rrow I c ari b e a C h e rok e e . "
Farnswort h Mus e um ' s ope n s how aga in
T yp i c a l o f fo s t e r c h i l dr e n
t h i s y e ar .
through out Ma i n e , T ompk i ns l iv e d
S u c c e s s in re c e nt ye ars , c oup led
I n w i t h awar e ne s s of h i s own art i s t i c
w it h a s u c c e s s i o n o f fam i l i e s .
P it t s f i e l d s c h o o l s h e w a s t h e o n ly d eve l o pm e nt , h a s g ive n T ompk ins
I nd ian c h i ld .
s ome t h i ng of a ne·w gras p o n l i fe .
" I ·a lways k new · I · was an out s i d e r H e i s d e f i n i ng t h e pr i s on e xper- ·
.
I w a s c a l l e d ' I nd ian ' and l o t s o f
i e nc e , t ry i ng , a s h e s ays , " t o
nam e s
! was l o s t· wnen I w a s a
pro j e c t t h e s ou l o f t h e ma i n body
I jus t knew I was n o t i n
c h i ld .
of inmat e s h e r e . "
a c c ord W i th t h� re � t · o f t h e pe o p l e . · A nd h e i s l �ok i ng t o the fut ure .
And wh e n t he y 6 a l le d "m e name s I
I am
" I am go i ng t o get o ut .
wou l d a t t a c k
.YOU had t o pro t e c t
go i n g t o have a s e c ond c hanc e .
yours S l f � but ' a ft e r a n argum e nt
R ight now t h e fac t or . i s wa i t i ng .
o � a f i ght � as ways .fe l t bad b e
Two more ye ars .
T h e n I c a n s tart
c au s e i t r e a l ly was n ' t i n m e t o
pa i nt i ng my own id e as , arranging
hurt p e o p le · . "
my way o"ut s-i d e and p i c k i ng my
Pre j ud ic e , or at l e a s t s e nt i
s c e ne s from nature . "
m e nt s T ompk i ns i nt e rpre t ed a s
( Ma i ne Su.n day T e legram 4/9/72 )
pre j ud i c e � · s e e�e d t o f ly from a l l
quart e rs � ev e n �rom t h o s e c la im
* * * * * * * * *.. * * * · * * * * *
ing to b e · fr i e n.d s ·.
· " I ' v e n e v e r b e e n t o a h ou s e
WHY MU D I ED
whe re s om e re la .t i o n d id n ' t c la im
-he was p·art Ind i an . Any f�m i ly
Have we re a l ly learne d how t o
I ' d wa ik "int o wo u ld have a, · gre at
c ontra � N ature ? . O r have w e s imply ,
grand fath e r from s om ·e t r i b e o r
o t h e r . · You · k riciw d am n·· w e 11 i t i s n • t wh i s t l in� in the dark , l e arn e d · how�
t o l ive w i t h the know l e d �e that
so .
I d on ' t k now. i f i t ' s · gu i lt
o n e re a l ly . powe rfu l hurr icane ,
t hat mak e s . t hem s ay t h e s e t h i ngs .
whe t n e r i t s name be Mab l e or C am�
I d O'n ' t know wh?.t i t i s � .
i l l e , can d o irre parable dama�e t o
our s pac e age inst a l lat i ons at C ape
F o r T ompk in s , l i fe . t o ok on a
K en n � d y , ' and one fa i r- t o-midd l in �
n ew d im e n s i o n fn t h e s umme r . o f
.
e arthqua� e in C a l i forn ia c�n not
197 0 w h e n h is · pa i n t ing w o n f i rs t
pr i z e i n t h e N·ew Hamps h ir e e xh i b i t . o n'iy t re b l e the damage d qne to S an ·
Fr�nc i s c o in t h i s c e ntury . but · a1s·o
A j udge . a t t h e s h?� • GE? arge S c o t"t
br ing d i sast.e r �d d e ath t.o unt o ld
o f Roche s t e r , N . H' . · , . r e c a l l e d t h e
m i l l i ons .
paint i hg� a p ci rt �a it o f . a c h i ld
Ye s , we are . beg inn �n� ·t o reach·
eme rg i ng · from · d arkri� s s � .
. o f t h e h ead wa$
for the s t ars -but d o we know our- : ·
" The anat omy ·
s e lve s ? we · are . on ly now b e � i nn in �
n e arly perfe c- t · . and · it l o o k e d s o
t o red i s c ov e r t h e pot ent ial it i e s
natura l i t s e em e d t 6 'b e a l i v e . I
o f t h e m ind , and : t o prob� ph � n om- .
was h igh ly impr e s s e d and I. " c ou ld .
e na
{ C ont . Q1' r 1 0 x ·t . .Pag� ·.> · ·
· ·
" t e'l l from the va'lll O S he l i S G � , h i s
.
•
•
•
•
•
-
•
•
•
·
•
·
.
.
·
�( 13 )
( MU . c ont . )
Van D yk e and h i s w i fe , Mar
j or i e , burrow for va luab l e Ind ian
art i fac t s l ik e pot t e ry , ax e s and
t o o l s on t h e i r C ave c re e k , A r i z . ,
pr_o pe rty .
. " Mar j o r i e and I ha�e dug up
s ome wonde rfu l art i fac t sr and s e nt
t hem t o t h e U n ive rs i t y. .- o f C a l i fo rn ia at B e rk e l e y and t h e y s a i d . t h e y
are about 1 , 0 0 0 ye ars o ld , " D i ck
t o ld the EN QU I RER .
" W e ' ve found a: vo l c an i c s t one
t h e I nd ian s u s e d t o gr ind m e a l
t hat ' s c a l l e d a Mat at e .
W e found
a Mano , t h e i nst rum ent u s e d by
t h e I nd ians t o gr ind t h e m e a l
aga i n s t t he vo l c an i c s t on e .
" W e ' ve d i s c ov e r e d p e t r oglyphs
( e n�rav ings o n s t on e ) and s ome
b e aut i fu l art work o n b ou l d e rs .
T h e s e are s o b ig we c an ' t move
t hem , but we know whe re t h ey are .
"We ' ve une art he d a H oHoK an p it
hous e .
I t was d on e by an e xt i n c t
A r i z ona t r i b e .
T h ey dug about 5
fe e t d own , mad e a s t o n e s t ru c t ur e ,
and t h e n put an ima l sk ins ove r i t .
W e f i �re t h e Ind i an s . l ive d t h e re
at t im e s b e c aus e i t was c o o le r
t han l iv in g o n t op o f t h e ground .
� w e found one pit hous e t hat
hadn ' t be e n t ou c h e d for a t hou s and
ye ars
and i t ' s on our ran ci h .
" N ow w e ' re t ry in g t o e xc avat e
it , v e ry c are fu l ly .
"Mar j or i e and I are an arc h e o lo g i c a .l t e am .
W e d ig dur i ng m y fre e
t im e and eve ry w e e k e nd . : Whe n I
ge t a vac at i o n w e ' re go ing t o s pena
i t d igp:ing and h ik in g . "
d ism i s s e d for . g e n erat i on s as impos s ib l e b e c au s e t h e y c ou l d ne i t h e r
be m e as u r e d n o r we L�h.� d n o r examine d by our l im�t e d t o o ls .
We have
for c e nt ur i e s -rtq � fo r- m i l l e nn iaignor e d what w e ' v e t e rm e d t h e
immat e r ia l and t h e intan g i b l e , t o
the e x t e nt t hat w e are no b e t t e r ,
from the s tand po int of our p s yc h i c
d eve l o pm e nt , t han t h e mob , t he
C hr i s t ian m o b i n c i d e nt a l ly , wh i c h
murd e r e d t h e
e a- P lat on i s t ph i lo s o ph e r and mat h emat i c ian Hypat i a
in 4 1 5 A . D .
K n ownot � ing i s m is not
an e x c lus i v e ly Ame r i c an phe n om e0on
W it � t h i s i n m i nd w e mus t
re c ogn i z e t h e pro bab i l i t y t hat t he
pr i e s t - s c i e nt i s � s of Mu d i d aDt i c ipat e - and a l s o pred i c t e d-what
eve ntua l ly · h �ppe n e d , but w it h n o
more s uc c e s s t h.a n o t h e r proph e t s
of gl o om have e n c ount e r e d t hroughout t h e .h is t o ry o f man .
Be t hi s
as i t may , · · w e k n ow t o d ay , or at
l e a s t w·e ·b e l i ev e we k now , how Mu
d i e d , _ und e rm in e d by v o l c an i c gas e s .
Gran it e , ' t he pr imary rock in th e'
format i o"n · o f "t h e e arth ' s c rust ,
appe ars t o have b e �n h on e yc ombed
w i t h huge c h am b e rs and c av i t i e s ·
fi l l e d w it h h i gh ly e x p l o s ive vo l- _ _
can i c gas e s .
W h e n t h e s e c hambers ·
w e r e empt i e d o f t h e i r gas e s t h e
support ing - roo fs c aved i n , and t h�
subm e rs i on o f t h e land above fo l low e d·.. C hurc hward wro t e · t hat h i s
inve s t i gat i ons prove d t hat t h e
c a l am it y wn i c h o v e rt o ok t h i s early
c iv i l i z at i on was due t o t h e emptying- � f - i s e r i e s of i s o lat e d uppe r . ( N at i ona l Enqu i r e � . Apr i l 9 , 1972 ) .
gas c hainbers· t hat w e r·e u ph o ld ing * * * * * * * * * * .� * * * * * *
t h e l ana ; · · and wh i c h . .w e re probably
c onne c t" e d w1t"h · e ac h o t h e r by c rac�s
IND IAN
and f i s ·sure· s .
P o ·w w o w
( UN DERSTAN D IN G - MU )
5 t h Annual
* * * * * * * * * * "* * * * * ·
* *
N .orth Ame r i c an C lub
FRIEN DSlf I P DAYS
D I C K VAN - DYK E . SPEN DS . WEEKEN DS
Jun e 9 - � o - · 1 1
D I G G ING UP 1·, 0 0 0 - YEA R:.. OLD IND IAN
. 'ON H I$ . RAf C H · ·.
RELICS
.
Mac k Rd . , · Le banon , C onn .
Ind ian re l i c s · a bout l , O O O y e ars
For I .n format {6n C� ntac � s
o ld h av e · b e e n d u g · up-· by D i ck Van
N O RTH AMERICAN IND IAN C LUB
Dyk e on h is A r i z ona r'a nc h wh i c h i s .
.h i s · · ·
Fr i e nd s h i p Days
o n ly a 1 0-m inut e d r iv e from Box 2 5 1
b a s t h e s t ar o f " T h e N e w D i ck
jo
W i l l imant i c , C onn . 06 226
Van Dyk e Show . "
_
·
•
•
•
•
_
•
•
·
•
•
�( 14 )
( F i d d l e h e ad s
c o nt . )
adve rt i s i ng age nc y .
But a d e s i r e
t o w o rk for h e r p e o p l e b e c am e more
A way
A ft e r t hat the f e rn s are too l arg e i nt e ns e as s h e grew o ld e r .
and have l o s t t h e i r t e nq e rn e s s .
to h e l p pr e s e nt ed i t s e l f wh e n on
B e s t d e s c r i b e d as t a s t i n g m o s t
N ov . 9 , 1 96 9 , A lc a t raz I s l and was
l i k e v e ry t e nd � r s p i n i c h , f i d d l e t ak e n ove r by I nd ians .
W ithin a
h e a d s have b e e n a t rad i t i o nal me a l month aft e r t h e i s l and was t ak e n
w i t h Ma inac s e v e r s i n c e t h e I nd i ans ove r , Grac e T h o r p e w a s t h e re unt i l
t aught t h e wh it e man about t h e t a s - t h e e nd .
t y c u r l e d vege t a b l e .
O ft e n t h e d e I "D IAN PROBLEMS N OT ED
l i c i ou s gre e n i s gra c e d by t h e
T h e A l c atraz i n c id e nt ga i n e d
Bo i l ing i s a l- t h e Ind ian pe o p l e n o t h ing o f
ad d i t i on o f t rout .
s o t h e ac c e pt e d w a y o f c o ok i ng t he mat e r ia l va l u e , M i s s T ho rpe po int s
f i d d l e h e ad and when you c omb i � e
out , but it c le ar ly s how e d t h e
t h e p ink m e at o f a lemon f lavo r e d
p e o p l e o f Am e r i c a what s ome o f t h e
t rout a n d t he e xqu i s i t e t as t e o f
pr o b l ems o f t h e I nd ians w e re .
f i d d l e h e ad s , grac e d w i t h butt e r ,
T h e ma j o r pro b l em , s h e fe e ls ,
s a lt and pe pp e r , o n e l e arns why
· i s t hat o f land .
In h e r s pe e c h at
p e o p l e k e e p t he i r favo r i t e f i d d l e - t h e Unive rs i t y , s h e n o t e d that
he ad ground s a s e c re t .
I nd ians have b e e n on t h e N orth
Ame r i c an c o nt i n e nt for 3 0 , 0 0 0
( Bangor D a i ly N e ws , S at . - S un . A pr . 7 2 ) ye ars .
U p unt i l 3 0 0 ye ars · ago ;
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s h e s a id , 1 0 0 pe r c e nt o f t h e land
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b e l onge d t o t h e I nd i an , t h e nat ive
DAU GHTER OF ATH LET IC G R EAT
N o w o n ly t w o pe r c e nt
Am e r i c an ,
FI GHT IN G FOR IN D IAN C A US E
rema i n s i n Ind i an hand s , and ha l f
o f t hat i s d e s e rt and wa s t e land .
IND IAN I S LAN D - On T u e s day Grac e
Po i nt i ng out t hat o n e t h i rd
T horpe , a S aaU- fox I nd i an , l e ft t h e o f t h e nat i o n ' s land i s own e d by
S e nat e O f f i c e Bu i ld i ng in Was h i ng- t h e fe d e ra l gove rnm e nt .
i s s T h o rpe
t o n , D . C . , a ft e r t e s t i fy i ng be fore s a i d c urre nt ly $6 . 8 b i l l i on d o l lars
t h e S e nat e A ppr o pr i at i o n s C omm it t e e w o rth o f fe d e ra l land and bu i ld ings
T h at s ame n i ght s h e was on t h e ·
are c on s i d e re d s urplus and are up
Eve n d i s re gard i ng s om e
s t age at t he U n ive r s i t y o f Ma i n e
for grabs .
at O r o n o s pe ak i ng o n h e r w ork i n
anc i e nt t reat i e s w it h I nd ian nat i ons
t h e N e w I nd ian M oveme nt .
wh i c h s p e c i fy t hat form e r I nd i an
T OURS I S LAND
land w i l l reve rt to the t r ibe s i f
S h e t oure d I nd ian I s land br i e fly t h e �ove rnment has a mora l o b l ig
T u e s d ay , and a�a i n W e d n e s d ay , beat i on to g ive Ind ians a c hanc e t o
f o r e board i ng a p la n e fo r A ur o ra , ' b i d o n t h e land .
N . Y . t o s pe ak aga i n h e r t op i c at
ORGAN I Z ES IND IAN GROUPS
T o t h e s e e nd s s h e has work e d
t h e U n iv e rs i t y d e a l t w i t h t h e pas t
and future o f t h e Amer i c an I nd i an , o r�an i z ing I nd i an groups , and lo bby
a nd h e r i nvo lvement i n the movement i ng i n W as h ingt on f o r fe d e ra l l o ans
T h e d aught e r o f J im T h o rp e , t h e to h e l p t h e groups purchas e t h e s e
" C ar l i s l e I nd i an " who s e name i s
T he re have b e e n- s ev e ra l
land s .
A n Ind i an�
s t i l l rememb e r e d i n s po rt s c ir c l e s s u c c e s s e s t o d at e .
as t n e great e s t at h l e t e o f t h e 2 0t h C h i c an o U n i v e r s i t y has be e n e s t abl i s he d i n a f o rm e r c ommun i q at i on s
C e nt ury , Gra c e T h orpe has l iv e d
c e nt e r i n D av i s , C al i f . Urban
h e r l i fe i n t w o w o r ld s .
Of her
I nd i an s i n S e at t l e , Wash . re c e nt ly
pas t , howeve r , s h e · s ay s t hat i t
A
g o t 1 7 ac r e s at Ft . Lawt o n .
was o ft e n a c as e o f not b e i n g
J o b C o rps C e n t e r h a s b � e n t urn : d
a c c e pt e d qy e i t h e r . I nd i an s o r
o v e r : · t o W inttin · Ind i an s i n - R e d d i ng ,
Wh i t e s . ·
C a l i f . · fo r a t ra i n i n g c e n t e r and
S h e w o rk e d i n N e w Y o rk a s a
much-ne e d e d hous i ng and anot h e r
s a l e s w om an for t h e T e l e ph o n e C o . ,
( C ont . o n page 1 5
s o ld r e a l e s t at e and w o rk e d i n an
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c ont . )
( DAUGHT ·ER .
a smas h ing po l it i c a l forc e . But
we w i l l hav e the int ang i b l e
Jpb · C o rps b e nt e r i n R o nan , . Mont . ..
urilty wh i c h h a s carr i e d us t hrhave . be e-n t urne d · ove r t o t h'e S a l i s h · · oug� four c e nt ur i e s of pers e cu
Koot e n a i t r i ba i c o unc i l t o � ra i n
t i on �
We a�e a p � o p l e un i f i e d
Ind i an f o r e s t f.� � e ; n·g ht irig . c r ews .
- by o u r human ity - n o t a pre s s ure
. . A-not h e r ma J o r c on c e rn - i s · t h e
grciup un i f i e d for c onque s t And ·
o f f-r e s e r�at i�n I nd i an .
Of; the
from our gre at e r s t r e n gt h we
S r· C (\0:0 0 · I nqians i n· t h e c ount ry ·
" s ha l l wear d own the wh it e �an
( the s ame hilln be r as w h e n t h e Wh i t e
and . nna. l ly OU t last h im
·we
rn am f i r s t c am e t o Ame r i c a ) , more ·
s h a l l e ndure .
than 6 0 p e r c ent l iye Q f f t he· r e s·-e rvat i o n ." But i n s om e s t at e s - t h€· :
"( !' HAVE S P.O KEN page 1 6 2 - 16 3 )
* * ·. * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
perc ent age o f o f f...: r e s e rvat i o n . ...... '-·
Ind i an s run s h i ghe r , s he s a i d � ·
c it ing C a l i forn �� w i t h 9 2. p e r c e nt ,
FRANK . LOR I N G BU I LD IN G . · FUND
as an e xamp l e .
.- .
Many of h e r o_rgan i z ing e f fort s
T h e · c omm itt e e · f o r t h e Frank
have be en d i re c t e d t o p:e t t i ng the
Lor ing. Bu i ld ing Fund c o ns i s t s o f 1 ·
Bureau 6 f I nd i an A ffa i rs t o e· l hn i nRev . R i c hard Rok o s -C ha i rman
a� e i t s " on or near t h e re s e rvat i on "
W i l fr e d P e hrs o n-T r � a s u r e r
ru le s o t hat t he pr ograms . t hat are
V i c t o r i a Wh it e -S e c ret ary
offe re d t o :i e s � rvat i o n · I rid i an s can
L i one l T ay l o r , Jr ,
be pro v i d e d ·f o r a l l I nd ians .
JO's i e N e pt .une
PROM PT S T ES T IM ON Y
Eve lyn S a p i e l
I n fac t , it was t h i s d e s ire
Don'a t i ons go· d i r e c t ly int o the
that prompt e d her t o . t e s t i fy · be Frank Lor ing Bu i ld ing Fund at
N ort heast · Bank & T ru s t C o . ( S av i ngs
fo re t h e appro pr i at i ons c omm i t t e e ,
ac 6 6 tint ) , O ld T own , · Ma in e . · ·
She had gone �o Was h i ngt p n to d is T h.e _ C oIT1m i t t e e w i l l · a ppe a l
cuss t h e s urplus lan d $ s.i t uat i o n ·
t hr9ugh neYfs papers , ( Bangor Da i ly
with p e o p l e · from t h e' '. Bur e au . o f
N ews , . Penoos c ot . T ime s , . C hurch
Ind i an A f fa irs � : T h e y w e r e . ., not · i rt ·
W orl4 and · sh�ppe rs · Gu i d � ) , t e l e - ,
the i r o f f i b e , - �bwe ve r , - a� _ t h e y
we re t e s t i fy i�g · be fci r e th e ·c omril it t �· e . v i s i o n and rad i o .
.
...
. · M i s s l''l'r o �pe s.at · . i n · :on t he1F - . - ·
. T _he Frank . Lc;:>_r ing fam i ly c orit e s t irno ny ,- and .was _s o . �ppa l·l e d: . a'.:t
s i s t s of ·rn o.t h e r , fat h e r and · five .
1
c h i ld re·n .
T hr e e o f t he c h i ld r e n
the i r - lack o f conc e rn · f o r o ·:rf..:. '
·
re s e rvat i o n I nc Uans , . s h e imme d i at e ly a r e l iv ine; w it h R e v . D own e s ' · a
·. neth e r. w i t h . Ev : rett L o r i n:g and
mad e a r e q1-te s t t o . s pe ak h e r s e l f
..
. .Q .f 'h e r v i s i t t o . Ind ian" Is land , t h e . . Y .oµnge s t w i t h t h e parent s . . .
· Dat � o f f i r e s March· )"0-; 19 7�
s T h o rpe s a i d s h e adm i r e d · the ,,
Mis
.
One mas t e r c ove r l e t t e � w i l l .
" gut s · and : · s p i r i t" . o -f the pe o p l e· i n '
·
b e s e nt t o var i ous - o rgan i z at i oria . : , . ·
tryi n� · t 6 im�ro�e t he i r - i s land · · ·
S o l i c i t i n g wi l l a l s o be . � ci n e .
c ommunity � S h e add �d - t h e . · p e o p l e ·_
: :
, .
t hrough ts l e ph o n e ca l l s . � - � .
should � rj t o improve � h e e c ohom i c
·
T h e s � � e, o � t h e. b u i l � i!1� .w .i_ l l . .: , · ..
bas g � " . :Pe'r
baps t_hrQ.li.g� - sma l l , c- lean
.
.
be d .e t.e rm rn_e d b y t h e . amou11t . a �. · . . .. .
i ndustry , · ·a nd s a id · t he n e e d f o r
d o n·at i ons c.o l l e c t e d . · A ll w_� rk _ · · . : housing o n t h e i s land was- .gre at �
·
··
·
·
·
: :- :
_
d o n.e by. vo lunt e e -t � w o rk _. · . , . . .
. w i 1 1 b. e
.
T h e C h a i rman , and T re a s urer: 'a r� . . :·.
e ws
( Bang� r. . . Da. i' i y:. N
..
.
* * * .• * · * * *
·* : � * '* � t! · * *:� •·. , · : t h e . o r Hy pe o p l e who w i l l. b·e ab l e :.
·
·. : . t o w it h p raw fund s . Both s ignature s ,
.
.
.
.
1 ·. •
..
.. .
.
.
·. are ... n e e d e q � .
: . :_ .
,.
� ev ·e r have "
A s :. Indians w'�· "wi.1 1
· . · . . : -. ·
. : , ,.
J o s ie -N e pt u n e w i l l s e_e · about
the e f"f i � 'i erit 6re;arii z at i o n · t hat -- ·
. .
.. from s o.;.
hav i n"g "· 'p o st e rs · made up .
ga i n s .. g:te at . c on c e s s i on s
'
. ···T h e C omm i t t e e . . i s ' t o· s e e · t h -i s ·
We W i l l
c i e ty i n t h e mark.e t p lac. e .pro j e c "t t h rough t o t h e e n d .
n e ve r 'h ave a· powe .rful l obby or : be
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4/1 ")/72 )
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�( l f; )
L I FE AND T RA D IT I ON S
O F THE R EDMAN
T h e t h i ngs you w i l l s e e you
w i l l n e v e r forge t .
T h e t im e s ure
ly has n ow c ome , and o n ly a few
m o re words t h e n a l l s h a l l be d one .
Fo r f e a r t h e pe o p l e may d oubt my
w o rk s , i t w i l l b e n e c e s s ary for
you to s how t hem the pow e r you get
t h i s n i gh t , so wh e n you hav e c ome
d own from t h e air e ac h on e o f you
s ha l l go to your home , and on the
m o rrow w h e n t h e . s u n i s h i gh e s t you
s ha l l all me e t o n a h i gh ground
and t h e r e bu i ld a hou s e t h e en
t ranc e of wh i c h s ha l l be l o w , s o
t hat you c re e p l ik e t h e bab e in
e nt e r ing i t ; but the t op s ha l l be
mad e ope n .
T h e hous e s ha l l be l o w
but v e ry s t rong .
S e ven d ays you
s ha l l be i n bu i ld ing it , and on
the s ev e nt h d ay at noon a l l of you
sha l l e nt e r and c l os e t h e d o or s o
t hat n o oth e r s ha l l e nt e r w i t h you .
A ft e r t h i s i s d o n e , one o f you , h e
t hat e nt e r e d f i r s t s ha l l s ing , and
in h i s s i n g in g s ha l l c a l l t h e s p i
re t o f e v e ry l i v i n g t h in g , and the
d i ffere nt s p i r i t s w i l l c om e to t h e
call .
A n d a ft e r y o u have t a lk e d
w i t h t h em t h ey s ha l l a l l d e part ,
and you s ha l l t h e n c ome out o f t h e
h o u s e a n d t ak e i t a l l apart s o it
s ha l l not s t and t he r e to be put t o
o t h e r us e . A ft e r y o u have gone
t hrough a l l t h i s , you shall�th en�
hav e d on e your part and s h a l l �o
home· to s t ay
.
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A n d when t h e noon c ame , the
seven d id me e t on a h i �h ground as
c omma n d e d by N o- c h i - gar�n e h , and
d i d bu i ld t h e hous e as they had
be e n d i r e cte d s and whe n it was
bu i lt and ready t o ' be e ntered , a l l
•
•
•
t h e pe o p l e came t o w i t n e s s t h e
c a l l i ng o f th e · s p ir it s ; many c am e
.
from a far o f f , s o t hat . a very lar
ge crowd o f pe o p l e surround ed the
h ouse , but· none were a l l ow ed to
e nt er w ith the s p ir i t ua l m e n . A nd
a fter c lo s i ng t h e d o or , and wh e n
th e s i ng i ng b e gun , the h ouse sho ok ,
and wh en a s p i r i t arr ived .the who l e
p e o pl e c ou l d h e ar i t s arr i va l be
c au s e it s ho ok the h ou s e v i o l e nt ly �
and t h e p e o p l e d i d h e ar a l i wh at
t h e s p i r i t s s a i d t o t h e m e n in
t h e hous e , but c ou ld s e e not h i ng
c om e n o r a n yth i n g d e part . A ft e r
t h e s p i r i t u a l conferences had
e n d ed , and the s p i r i tual m en got
o ut , t h e y d id take the house all
o own and apart . · · and e a c h one w a s
a l l o w e d t o rest from a l l s oc i a l
i nt e r c ours e for s even d ays , and
a ft e r t h e s ev e n d ay s had pas s e d
t h e old m e n began t o v is it them
s e parat e ly t o l e arn from t h em
a l l t h e y saw wh i l e b e ing f i l l e d
w i th t h e s p i r it .
T h i s t h e young
m e n found t o r e q u i r e a long t ime
to ac c ompl i s h as t h e o ld men were
o b l i g e d to go t hrough the e xam
i nat i on by mak ing inqu i r i e s o f
t hem s e parat e ly and t h e n c ompare
the r e ports from t hem s o t hat a l l
t h i n�s be learn ed as i n o n e m i n d .
( L i fe & T rad i t i o n s o f t h e R e dman
by J o s e ph N i c o l ar -Pg s 4 3 , 44 , 4 5 )
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GOVERN OR
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COUNCIL MEET IN G
On May 2 , 1 9 7 2 t h e r e w i ll be a
m o nt h ly gov e rnor & c o un c i l me et
ing . One o f t h e t o p i c s o f d is
c us s i on w i l l b e land c la ims for
t h e Penobsc ot tr i be . At a Spe c ial
m e e t i ng held last Thurs day , A pr i l
2 0 , T o m T u r e e n e x p l a i n e d t h e land
c la im s and �ave a l i tt l e h i s t o ry
o n how t h e Ma ine I nd ians �ot
H e has been � iv e n t h e
s c r e wed .
go ahe ad by t h e governor to con
t a c t Jam e s Mu rphy and a c q u i re
what e v e r in format i on h e has , and
b r i n g it to the Govern or & c o un c i l
on May 2 . T h i s w i l l be a very
i m p o rt an t m e e t i n g . a nd a l l int e r
e st e d members o f t h e tribe s hou ld
be t h e re to e xpre s s t h e ir o p i n i on .
A ny p e r s on who want s t o a s k a
q u e s t i on o f the Govern or & c oun
c i l and d o e s not want to ask i�
h im s e l f c an write the que s t i o n
d own on a p i ec e o f pa p er and g i v e
it t o o n e o f t h e c oun c i l members
who in turn w i l l � r ea d it o f f b e
fore the gove rnor & c o unc i l .
Th is can be done
&
at
C ounc i l m o c t i n g l
any
Governor
�( 17 )
( THOM PS ON TALE ' S
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C ON T . )
c an be s ent t o t
T h e Franlc Lor i n g Bu i ld ing Fund
N ort h e a s t · Bank & Tru s t -Ac c t
#34 066
O ld T own , Ma ine
044 6 8
any one ' s l i fe i n c lud i n g t h e W in
·
ooch P. s ; s o W i no o ch e s w i l l not be
all owe d t o eat h e r any more fooct
from the l and .
•
·
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-i-···
�
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.- � 1 1
*
T h e Pen obs c ot I nd ian C orpor
at i on and t h e T r i b a l C ounc i l have
e a c h d onat e d $ 2 0 0 . for t h e U n i t y
C onvent i o n t o h e l p w it h t he food .
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U n ive rs i t y C hr i s t ian Moveme nt
gave $ 6 1 6 . t o the U n ity C onvent i on
t o pay for t h e e xp�ns e s o f T h omas
Banya c a ( Ho p i ) and B e eman Logan ·
t o c ome t o t h e C onvent i o n . /
·
Le.nd
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T h e s e c o nd it em o f bus ine s s
re lat e d t o t h e s e cu r i t y o f t h e
N at i on .
Jud ge O r o n o fe l t t hat t he
Pe o p l e are b e c om ing lax in t h e
prot e c t ing o f t h e Land .
I f th is
c o nt i nu e s t h e Nat i on w i l l be in
s e c ure and vu l n e rab l e and t h e land .
w i l l b e t ak e n away .
Jud ge Orono
said t hat t w o s t e ps w i l l be t ak e n
t o r � turn t h e prot e c t i o� t 9 t h e
Land .
Jud g e Orono out l in e d t h e pro
c e dure wh i c h w i l l c omme n c e at the
c Ho � ing of the c· ourt , as fo l l ows :.
( 1 ) A l l p e rs ons l iv ing on t h e
Land w i l l b e - id e nt i f i e d and � �
re c o gn i z e d as Pro t e c t o r s o f t h e
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Bumpe r st i ck e rs w e r e mad e by
Doug & C onn i e Bradway , S pr in� fi e ld
t o h e lp w i t h t he expe n � e s , and are
on sale at the N ews l et t - r O f f i c e .
e
One d e s c r i b e s t h e c onve nt i on and
the oth e r is MARSH I S LAND IS
<
PE_NOBSC OT IND IAN LAN D .
::-
·
( 2') A 1 1 ·· p e r s ons l iv ing on t h e
Land who d o n o t w i s h t o be i
d e nt i fi ed a n d r e c o gn i z e d a s
Pro t e c t o r s o f t h e Land _ w i l l be
as k e d to l P. ave .
P e rs ons l e av ing t h e l and w i l l .
be ,Q; i v e n a l l t h e a s s i s t e nc e · n e e d ed
by t h e Pe o pl e t o mak e t h e pas s age .
·
(
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was c e remon i ous ly g iv e n t o Jud ge
Orono for hurnan i t a r i ar i srn by t h e
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Fund to h e lp the fam i ly' who · w e re
burn ed out l a s t month has r e ac h e d
ab o ut · $i2 0 0 .
Fu�t h e r d onat i ons
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image o f t h e Ind ian pers ona l ity1 "
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�( 18 )
S I X NAT I O S " I R OQUO IS " C ON FEDERACY
. .
GRAr D� RIVER C OU. T RY
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A pr i l ·
6�
}972
P r e s i d e nt R i c h ard · N·i x or r,
W h it e h o us e , W a s h i n gt o n , D . C . ,
U . S .A .
Brot h e r :
A t O u r s ix Nat i on s I roqu o i_s C o n fe d e racy . C ounc i l h e ld in . March 1 9 7 2 ,
it was brought t o our att e nt i o n a v e ry s e r i o us mat t e r re gard ing the
d ra ft i n g �nd i n c arc e rat i on of N at ive N o rth A m e r i c ans ( T h e Or i g ina l
P e o p l e o f t h e Am� r i c as ) , who ob j e c t t o part i c i pat i on i n ad h e r i ng t o
t h e un l �w fu l pra c t i c e o f d r�ft ing for warfare .
We also obj ect to the
d ra ft i n g a n d j " a i1. i ng b f nat -'ive nat i o ns who re fus e t o part i c i pat e i n
t h e fi rm e d Forc e s o f t h e Un i t ed S fat e s .
Pe rhaps t h e T r e at i·e s b e t w e e n our nat i ons have be e n forgott e n · by many
d u r i n g th e y e a rs , o r· pe rhaps t h e s e matt e rs ar e ent ire ly unkn own and
But t o u s ,
are t h e re fore unaware o f by many of your adm in i s t rat i o n .
w e have c are fu l ly re memb e r e d your arrangeme nt s i n t h e T re aty o f Ghent ,
re gard i ng our nat i on s .
··
M ay.· we rem i nd you. o f Att .i c l e lX , T re aty o f G h e nt , d at ed D e c . 24th ,
1 8 14 · , . wher e i. n t h e Un i t e d S t at e s and Great Br i t a i n r e s t o r e d a l l t r i b e s
and · h a t i on s b f Ind i ans · fo t h e i r s ev e r e i gn r i �ht s t hat t h e y had pre
v i ou s l y e n j oy e d pr � o r · t 9 1 8 1 1- prov id i n g that suc h t r i b e s and nat i ons
of I nd i ans d e s i s t· from a l l h o s t i l i t i e s a ga in s t the U n i t e d S t at e s arid
w e re n e v e r t o e ngage · i n warfare .
· ·
·
May w e � l s o re fe r � you t o Am� r i c an and B r i t i s h C la ims A rb it rat i on Vo l ·
1 1 , Part s 1 1 1 , lV and V , wh i c h c o nt a in s t h e many , manv p e ac e t re at i e s
w i t h nat ive nat i on s , wh e re i n t h e nat ive nat i on s w e re p l e d ge d neve r t o
t ak e u p a rm s aga i n .
A l s o p l e as e r e fe r t o your .8 2 nd C ongre s s , Pub l i c
Law 4 14 , C ha p 4 7 7 , 2 nd S e s s i on r e gard i n � " A l i en R e � i s t rat i o n A c t " ,
wh i c h s t at e s t h at an Ame r i can I nd ian born in Ganada d oe s not n e e d a
v i s a t o e n t e r t h e U n i t e d S t at e s and for t hat reas on d o e s not n e e d t o
r e g i s t e r as a n a l i e n eve ry January .
T h �.s A c t · ha s prov i d ed . t h e Or i �- ·
i n a l P e o p l e o f N orth Ame r i c ans w i t h N o rt h Ame r i c art C it i z e ns h i p · p e r ·
s e , and t h e d ra ft i n g and inc arc e rat i ng � � nat ive nat i o ns , w e c on� i d e�
t h e re fore t o be i l l e ga l and un j us t .
·
P l e as e ad h e r e t o our s o l emn t re at i e s wh i ch we hav e a lways uphe ld . May ,
w e ant i c i pat e e arly ad j us tme nt t o t h e pre s ent s i t uat i on-to be t hat o f
n o l onge r d ra ft ing nat ive nat i on s p e o p l e -a:nd imme d i a t·e r e l � ase. 9 f· . .
t h e s e nat ive p e o p l e h e l d i n - y.our · .c o nc e nt rat i on: c amps , for ·:t'e fus1ng t o
·
b r e ak o u r t r e at i e s .
·
·
-
·
·
·
T hank you for your k i nd at t en t i on and _ y our c o nt inu i n g fri e nd� h ip in
m at t e rs o f . nat ive and b ro t he rly . c onc e rn .
Yours t ru ly ,
'
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. · Lawre nc � · · Nant i 6 dk e , S � c r � t � ry .
.
. . . . ;
( Ed . N' o t e a . · T h i s :· 1 e t't e r o r' s u·pport was .s e nt: in :·r e �ard s t <:;) :- ;th� . � · ·
· d ra :(t .i.ng o f Mart i n :N �ip tune · , . fl. membe r o f t h e i Penobs c ot Nat i on ·•. )
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�( 19 )
H I S T ORY
you n e v e r got i n c la s s , e t c .
h i s bre ast .
H i s l e gs w e re c h o p
p e d w it h t h e t omahawk , h i s han d s
c ut o ff , a n d f ina l ly a r i f l e - b a l l
Whe n wh i t e m e n f ir s t b e gan t o
d i s c harge d t o h i s m outh , s o t hat
s e tt l e Ame r i c a , it was e s t imat e d
h i s h e ad was b l own t o at oms , and
that t h e r e w e r e about 1 , 1 0 0 , 0 0 0
t h e bra ins w e re s p las h e d aga i n s t
I nd i an s in N or t h Ame r i c a n o rth o f
a n d y e t hangi ng t o t h e wa l l f o r
Mex i c o .
B y 1 8 7 0 t he re w e r e 2 5 , 7 3 1
thre e o f four fe e t around .
This
o f t h e s e pe o p l e l e ft .
And pe rhaps
man ' s han d s and fe e t had b e e n
the e ar l i e s t e x am p l e o f t h e c om pas - c ho ppe d o ff w it h t h e t omahawk . I n
s i on and fa i r p lay t hat w e r e t o b et h i s man n e r lay t h e who l e o f t hem
come the U n it e d St at e s of Ame r i c a ' s m e n , wome n , and ch i l d r e n , s pr e ad
found i ng pr i n c i p l e s c an be found i n about t h e pri s on yard , s hot , s c a l p
the ac t i o n s of C hr i s t o ph e r C o lumbus , e d , hac k e d , and cut to p i e c e s . "
who re pa i d t h e fr i e nd ly p e o p l e o f
*
the W e s t I nd i e s by imm e d i at e ly s e ndA ft e r t h e C iv i l War , wh e n t h e
ing 5 0 0 o f t h em t o be s o l d i nt o
I nd i a n T e rr i t o ry w a s d i s c ov e re d t o
s lave ry i n S pa i n .
W i t h i n 1 0 ye ars
be d e s i rab l e farm and ranc h land ,
of t h e f i r s t wh i t e land ings , the
G e n e ra l S h e r i d an , who s e o rd er s
Ind i an p o pu lat i on o f Pu ert o R i c o
w e r e t o " pac i fy " t h e are a , c on s i d had b e e n r e du c e d b y about n in e t y
e re d " th e re a r e no go od I nd ians
pe rc e nt .
but d e ad I nd ians . "
G e neral C us t e r
I n h e r b o ok A C e ntury o f D i s honor was pre t t y muc h o f t h e s ame o p i n
H e l e n Hunt Jac k s on re lat e d not only
i on . He c ons i d e re d t h e I nd i an " • •
an e n d l e s s v i o lat i o n o f t r e at i e s
. a s avage i n eve ry s e ns e o f t h e
w ith t he I nd ians b y Fat h e r Wash ing- word • • • o n e wh os e c ru e l and fero
t on , but she a l s o r e c ount e d s e v e ra l c i ou s nature far e x c e e d s t hat o f
o f the num e ro u s mas s a c r e s o f I nd ians any w i ld beas t o f t h e d e s e rt • • • I n
that w e re c ommon p lac e o c c u rre n c e s
h im w e w i l l f i nd t h e re pre s e n t at ive
through out the growt h of t h i s nat i on . o f • • • a rac e i n ca pab l e o f b e ing
One mas s ac re t o ok p lac e i n 1 7 6 3 n e ar j udged by the ru l e s o r laws · · appl i c
Ph i lad e l ph i a , wh e n a gang o f wh it e s ab l e t o any o t h e r k nown rac e o f
known a s t h e Pax t o n Boys d e s c e n d e d
men • • "
*
upon a v i l l age o f fr i e nd l y C on e s t o ga
Ind ian s , and l a i d was t e t o t h e s ix
" In our i nt e rc ours e w ith t h e
Ind ians t h e y found a t h om e -thre e m e n I nd ians , it mus t a lways be b o rn e
t w o wom e n , and a b o y .
"The s e poor
i n m i nd t hat w e are t h e m o s t pow
d e fe n s e l e s s c r e at u r e s w e r e imme d i - e rfu l party .
W e are as s um i ng , and
I t h ink w it h pro pr i e t y , t hat our
at e ly f i re d upon , s t abbed , and
c iv i l i z at i on o ught to t ak e t h e
hat c h e t e d to d e ath • • • A l l o f t h em
plac e of the i r barbarous hab i t s .
were s c a l p and ot h e rwi s e-· ·horr ib ly
W e t.h e � !3 .f.o:re c la im the r i ght t o
mangl e d , t h e n t h e i � 11ut s w e re s et
.
on f i r e , and m o s t . o f t h em burnt · - - �6nt r o i t h. e · s o il wh i c h t h e y o c c u py ,
and we ·a s s ume · t hat i t i s our duty
d own . 1 1
· t o c o'e rc e t hem , i f ne c e s s ary , int o
T h e f e w C on e s t o gas w.ho w e r e not
·
at home d ur' 1 ng ·t h i s · ·ra id. we re round- the ad o pt i o n and pra c t i c e o f our
ed up by the aut h o r it i e s and plac e d hab it s and c us t om s . " - C o lumbus
D e lano , S e c re t ary of ··t h e I nt e r i or
in the Lan c as t e r j a i 1 for 1 1 s a fe in h i s a nnua l r e p o rt for 18 72 .
ke e p i ng . "
T h e Pax t o n B oys s imply
rod e u p t o t h e j a i l , brok e o p e n t h e
'
* *
*
* * * * *
d o o rs , and w i p e d out t h e r e � t o f t h e * * * * * , * * *
a� c ount o f
ians .
I nd
A c ont emp orary
SUBSC R I PT I ON RATES
the s c e n e a ft e r t h e Pax t o n Boys rod e
o ff w e nt l ik e s o :
R e gu lar • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • $ J . 0 0
" T oward t h e m i d d l e o f t h e j a i l
yard , a l on g t h e w e s t s i d e o f t h e wal l C ont r i but i ng • • • • • • • • • • • • 5 . 0 0
S upport i n g • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 0 . 0 0
lay a s t o ut I nd i an whom I part i c �
L i fet im e • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 5 0 . 0 0
lar ly n o t i c e d t o have b e e n s hot in
·
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MA I NE I N DI AN NEW S LE TTER
P . O . B.o x . 5 5 3
Ol d T o wn , M2inc
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BU LK R A TE
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P OS TAGE
P A I D
Ol d Town , Ma i ne·
F e rm i t N o . 1 3
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COLBY . COLtEGE L I BRARY
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'1ATEHV I LLE1 , MA I NEI . 049 01
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (April 1972)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1972-04
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-450
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/06fc4e70d181f98bba11b88fb1b5eca2.pdf
9d9843c3177778d3f66c1b3ebb1253ee
PDF Text
Text
M A I N E
. .;
I N D I A N:
N E
W S
:· .'
.
0
L E T T E R
SUMMER
VOLUME 4, N UM B ER 3
INDIAN FIGHTS DRAFT,
DROPS LE G A L BOMB
1971
.
Berman claims the �S. �fti � � n
·
ship confer red on the: Ipdia n:s., .: as
we l l as Es ki mos and other natives,
i s not valid ·because :i t· .was gr;an t
'
.
ed with the provis ion that · the fr
.
·tribal possession·s. :wou l d not· · l:?:e
:
taken.
. ,. .
.
The.}l�wier·�aid .N •ptu rte � nd
�i� .Pe?ple· ere:iil�gally:�ep�iv
�
. ed o f their · pro pe r ty right� . ,-:
HART F ORD, C o nn . - Martin A.
Neptune, 21, a Penobscot Indian
from an island off the Maine coast
is refusing to s e rve in the US Arm y
o n grounds his island is no t part
o f the U nited States.
_
Neptune's a ttorne y , M i c hae l P .
Berman , argued Monday i n US Dis
tr ict C our t tha t N e ptune 's hom e,
Ind ian I s land , is Ind ian te rr i tory
t ha t neve r has be e n tak e n by US; (
.
.
conque s t or re l i nq ui s he d by the . · 1 n-· · · . ··: · · .N ep tu n e· , w ho was ' I}'larried_ . in
.
,June to a white woman, .: s a i d. . . he
.·
d ians .
: i s . no\ · p'r i tna ri:iy : ·waging· hi s fight
�
for other In dians .in ·, l:li s ,posi.tion
I nd ian · I s land is one�mile w i de
·
.
·bu t -rn�·rely . to :be. :a.c1e ·· to ··r.eturn
a nd thre e m i l e s long, and ha s about
to. his is l and .
400 I nd ian i n hab itan ts , a c c ord ing
.
.
· . ·.
to N e p tune .
·
·· · :· i;' .... " - he: : · · e. n s o-t s
: T
"ar e ,•k·in ci o f
P ob c
_.
.
. for thin gs, ..
·
afratci to s t nd up
a.
'
Be rman c la i ned t he Fe d e ral
gove rn me n t gove rnment d o e s not
h�: · added� .'·partiy· · because of. · fear
have a tre a ty w i th the Penobscot
they w i l l l o s e the i r we l fare b ene
t�ibe and' therefore cannot · o rd e r
f its .
..
.
·.· CF'r om. . Boston cao be , : 1-0/
Neptune to.serve in the Army.
5/7i.· ...
,
. , . p �ge ,1., ..A s s o c. �a ted Pres s . )
_
:_ .
"I j us t wan t to go bac k a· rid · "· ·
l iv e on the i s land , " N e p tune s a i d
( Ed N ote.1 Me�bers o f the Peno b
out s id e the c ou r troom .
s c o t" N it'fo·n ha."v� b e -eh · awaiting· .
"
the o pinio n. ,o f the court'. .since·.
T he cas e is being heard here
J u l y 197c;-, wheri Martin• w a s ·a.-rr es·t'
r ather t han in Ma i n e be caus e Neped and tak en . from the 1fs l�nd b v· ·'.
tune•·s pa r ent s , M r . and Mrs . Ar thur
Federal Marshals Th.e:; full s to ry,
.
Ne p tune Jr . , now l ive in n earby
o f hi s �rr��t . was print�d in the
Manchest er . Their s on was l iv ing
Apr i l 1971 · i s s u e of . . the aine -.In�
.M
·
·
·
.
wit h· t·hem:. t empor�i ly �be. n he:.. r e g-. ., . . . . .. d ia n News le tte r, )
·.· ...
·
-is t e·re·d ·with·: t he.. d r:a.ft board.. ..· . · :
.
?
·
•.
•
·
'..•·US Dis;tria-t Judge · T . Emmet .
.
Clarie· r es erv ed .d ec is i o n on N ep
tune's s t at us tQ give hims el f more
·
t im e t o s tudy t h� hi s t ory-invo lved
i n t he young Indian's claims.
.
.
·
see .t he exc 1u·siv e int erv i ew h�ld
.
with, the War C hi ef o f t he .Pe n ob s-
c o ti , �i ck Ranc o wri tt en b � K ath�
P au l , o n t he fo l l ow ing page .
�-2WAR CHIEF RANCO STATES PENOBSCOT SOVEREIGNTY
by Kathy Paul
"Do you think that the Penobscot Tribe -.;ie a:- se p
Ka thys
1.
ate nation?"
Chief Ranco1
" Ye s , we are a se parate Nation."
2.
" What about the land that the Indians own?"
Kathys
Chie f Ranco:
"Congre ss forbids any state or union to
take any o f our lands."
How did we lose Mt. Katahdin?"
Kathy1
Chie f Rances
Gov
" Mt. Katahdin was taken through the
e rnor of Maine , who was at that time , Governor Baxte r. ·"
·
•What d o you think of Martin Ne ptu ne ' s case?"
Kathy1
4.
Chief Rancoa
"W�en he l e ft th e rese rvation he be came
I n o rd er for him to be re-instate d
sub je ct to taxation.
h e has to be living he re for thirty days. "
3.
·
" What do you think of liquor be i n g sold on the
Kathys
s.
rese rvation?"
Chief Ranco1 " If it was an ad. va nta ge to th e trib e , I
But I don't think that there would be a ny
w o uld a gre e .
advantage .
A l s o there would be too much pub lic ity . "
6.
Kathy.a
"What do you think of our ne w Commissioner?"
" Pa s s amaqu odd ies in Pl eas ant P o int want
Chie f Rancoa
to ee ll the ir land. John S tevens would be an as s et to them
in o rd er t o se ll the ir land . "
O PEN LETTER T O INDIAN COMMISSIONER
Co mmis s io ner o f Indian Affairs
John Ste vens,
De partment o f I nd ian A f fairs
State House,
043)0
Augusta, Maine
Dear Commis s io ner S tevens s
Nikwup elmau z ian k eqwis .a l is agimi k okame .gemi k ew i d oha min
I �inc erely w is h you go od lick w ith your new endeavo r .
kwid j o k ema�dj.
I am mak i�g referenc e to the S t a te of Maine Law , S ec t . 4473,
.
w h ic h stat es , " Th e -Co mmis s io ner s h a l l provid e , furnis h , pay and d e-:
l iv er, to th e Penobs c o t tribe , on a c c ount o f the S tate, s uch art ic les ,
g o od s , provis ions , and. moneys as from t ime to t ime bec ome due under any
treaty . or l aw . " and " the said s _t�te o f Maine, sha l l a nd wil l , a nnual ly
d el iver for the us e of ·
a nc;i. every yea � , in t h e. month of . Oc tober ,
f I nd .ia ns ''·• w.hen I mak e t h is reques t of you··
the. s a id P enobs c ot tribe o
to furni s � ��-With t has e items .
( Continued o n page 4)
•
•
•
�( 3)
E D I T 0 R I A L
S E C T I 0 N
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
EDITOR1 (Mrs.) Eugenia T, Thompson
Penobscot·
News and storie s may · be .submitte d
to th� ne wslette r for publication
at the following addressa Maine
Indian Ne wsletter, P, 0, Box 553
Via Old Town, Maine 04468,
Editorial Staffs
Stanle y Ne ptune
Kathy Paul
Kenne th Thompson
Eva Ranco
�
Wane Allan Loring
Je an Mitchell
THE LITTLE RED BIRD
Once upon a time , there was a .
little re d bird who made ne sts,
laid re d e ggs and ate ·insects and
fle w to the warm country whe n the
north wind came ,
·
the cold wind and the white
blanke t that cove re d over the
ground and the little ne st and
the little re d bird,
The little re d bird· gave he r
warmth to.the · ne w birds until
there was no more warmth in he r
body,
The little red bird could
now no longer make ne sts or lay
re d eggs or ��t insects or fly
to the warm country.
And the
four little birds crie d whe n the
cold wind came . through the fe ath
And
e rs of the little re d bird,
soon the little : black bird, the
little white bird, the little
ye llow bird and the little brown
bird gre w cold and soon the white
blanke t cove re d them.
Soon the white blanke t we nt
away and the warm winds came back
and the re d birds came north again
and made ne sts and laid red e ggs
and ate inse cts
• .
One day afte r the north wind
came and the little re d bird was
flying to the south she saw four
oak leafs floating in the waters,
She stoppe d in her journe y and
guide d the leafs to the shore .
Inside the oak leafs we re
four e ggs, of diffe re nt colors.
One was black, one was white,
one was ye llow and one was brown.
She had ne ve r see n such e ggs, only
re d eggs,
The warm· sun was soon going
home for the night and soon the
wind would be cold, so the little
red bird fle w hurrie dly around to·
build a warm place for the eggs,
She the n sat he r re d fe athe re d
body down on the · eggs and not too
soon for she felt the move ment of
the eggs.
Before the night be g�n she
took a look at the rie w birds and
saw that they we r� four colors,
too.
The night came �nd · with. it .
.
/" ;JWY rs. '-<,f"
\
(.!jl•1711·'11 ll r·f1l
j
I
:II'.
.
"Don't you understand? The pipe
line will bring t·o you e ve rything
you, e ve r wanted .;.; color TV, · a split
level ranch-style home� a snappy
.
sports car; a trip to Hawaii • • • "
(From B.angor Daily New$ �
10/29/71 )
�(Open Letter
•
•
•
cr.mtinued from pag·e 2)
.
. I had approached the Governor of the Tribe and the Council
ask in g for the ir advice and they counselle d me that the commissioner
So I am asking you for these
was.the person to ask for the se items,
tre�t� items. Accordin� to the treaty_ of 1820 these items are s
500 BUSHELS OF CORN
15 BARRELS OF WHEAT FLOUR
SEVEN BARRELS OF CLEAR PORK
ONE HOGSHEAD O F MOLASSES
ONE HUNDRED YARDS OF DOUBLE BREADTH BROADCLOTH TO BE BLUE
FIFTY GOOD BLANKETS
ONE HUNDRED POUNDS OF GUN POWDER
FOUR HUNDRED POUNDS OF SHOT
SIX BOXES OF CHOCOLAT
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY POUNDS OF TOBACCO
FIFTY DOLLARS IN SILVER.
I am asking you to help the State of Maine honor our treaty.
· FAr too long has the State of Maine chosen to ignore the motto the y
Of course,
chose to found their institution, " I le ad" (Dirigo)
·should the . State of Maine continue to refuse to honor their own written
intention, then I can safely say that the State carries its own res
po�?ibilities very lightly whe n it is dealing with our pe opls.
•
.
'
I shali ·be awaiting the shipment be fore the e nd 6f the month.
Ve ry truly yours,
Sipsis
Pe nobscot Nation
o o o o � o o o o o o o. o o o o o o o o o o o o o � o o o o· o ·o o -o o o
·
SUMMER RESEARCH P ROJECT ON MAINE IND IAN H ISTORY
This summer, Anthony Kaliss .
�of:Bangor was assisted by Rick .
Mitchell and GeGrge Tomer of the
Penobscot Reservation and Gerry
Nicholas from the Pleasant Point
Reservation in research on Maine
Indian histo�y. They we re e ngag
ed in search. on the financial re
lationshi� between the State of
Maine and ·the Indians and the his
tory of the land titles at Pen�
obscot and Pleasant Point Reser=
· ·vati on s
the spending of money• outlining
how the mone y would be spent� and
the which authorize d the cre ation
of the Trust Funds of the Passama
quoddy and Penobscot Tribes,
Their research in Augusta un
civered a large amount of material,
such as the re cords of the Governor
and Council r�lating to e xpenditure s
and bookke e ping details.
·
Due to l�ck 9f time, the re
search on · the land ti"tles. was put
'
off untii t�is wirite f These land
Mr� .Kaliss-And the· three Insales will be checked�out -in the .
dian.University·of :Maine. students
de e d re cords at the Pe nobscot Coun
re searche d through all.the. laws .
.
:ty ·court Ho:tlSe..'.. .. Since . most of clai:>
of the: sta t� of Maine and compil.
.of ·a.1r· laws de aling wi th-. for damage
.s of Indians involve e ith�
ed a list..
.
.e r land or the :spendin·g of Indian
Indians and e specially all laws ·
(Cont1nued·on next-page )
and appropriations which authorize d
.•
•
.
.
�( Stimme·r·-·Re·s·e·a:roh. � · .:icol1t; ..-;:: :..'' ..� -� ·:�·:
·
. ·:-�r,.... �-.t · &'t ·
:
-'":,·.
�·\ .'' :·: :. '
r:. �·.
· ·\:'., �
·
.· ; ;·,� ..
funds, this t�s�arch will:maka
these facts available on both
.
"
. .
sub j e-c;ts .
"· ... : . ; ..
. ?
.. .
•: :''
..
.. 'The· _funds· r·o.r:� Mr�'. Ka;liss I'._ . .'
.
came froin �vr.ivate sour.c:es ·,
· chi"e� ·t·o the ·efforts: of . fUnd·-rais.,.
:
,ing _by": Mrs, '.Wo
·lcott B_. Dunham,...
· Sou:thwest ·Ha'fbor, Mrs:i MaloQ.lm ·.·
_·Cusntn�n ·McGiffer-t
.
. .
..
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.
\
•
•
•
--.5eontinues ..-to. speg;�l no.w: when· : ... ,
wiH.�.01ir· . pe ople ..·c�aEH��·:to : 1 .i sten � : ·
_'.
I
•
.·
����;:**�*******����*����;�****-�
'
.
.:-. Whc-reas., "we,. Amos_.
Rob:erts,
·o.f ·Bangor• ·and· Thomas· B a rtl � tt ,
.
·
o,f_.·Qrono, in ·the ,county �f.
Penobscot, Esqu ir� s- , · cornmiss ioncrs
:; :appointed: by·.the govern·o.r :of Maine
·
;
:
-:
to purchase for said . sta,to · ·s.uch _of
. '!'he: Indiari' stud·cnt-s· w�r'c° :·:·
the lands of tho P�noos�ot tribe
sponsor�d
t h e Work Stu'dr ·Pro•
�f· nd·i-ans -.as··t-h�y .might.: be dis
·
T
gr� . f OEO ��d. �Y, 9P��a��on
posed ':to· sellr- havirig·me.t t.he·
:
·
� 1 n 9 tre m and T.'R.I.B.E., Inc.
governa·-r and-. .principal men of said
and by �tne Tree Legal. Aid's
tr.ib� in th� council-chamber of
lndiari. Unit ·
sald tribe on the loth day of June
.
A.D. 1833, for the purpos� of pur
�
·
. ·· !
; ·.
fy'lr
KaHs�, now a. �a¢ua.t�
� eha�ing the lands · afor¢said,
and
r
st:ud'<mt., a,.t th� Uni ver� 1 ty of Main�
haying discussed th� s ub je ct of
·
.o.t ·orono,;. was ·H�ing ·�nd, C¢n-·
tM · m:eo1:ing ift o p�?\ council and
..
atr.11et ion O.ffi�·r.. for· tne." . . ..
t�a�� �btain�d the. con�ent of �aif
.
·
D'�partn'Hmt of . Indian Affairs ·:·ahd
°'tr1bc to ·sell th�ir".four; townshi·1)r
of land to said state, and where
is author of a rep�rt on' the
.. . �nd rt i tle s i tuat. "n .at
Indian
as, th.e �e�or and li�utcnant
·
.
,
- .. To�nsJ:iip ·Pasr;.�a·qu
Y· ��.�; v.� io-n.
go��:rrtor,: by· his. att_OrMy,
·appointed for
··· · . by him
:*'****'*"****�*� ***'M:_***-tt:�**"�*-*'* !i:' ****
. th_at. purpo se, :the qounc il l ors and
. .
·
,
,
·
···
e�p-�a·ins of said trib� •. the n and
.·
": there iexee\'.lt� ·to sS:id ·stat�,
'.
CONS-TITUTION.
.
·
· .
· .of· tho ·UNI?ED · �»T ATES . .
:
. \in<:l°et- thoir .. hand·s and seals a qeer
··
Art. 1 § H\; ·:. ,.
to .the said four townships, cov. .
.
..
. ·
�n a nt i ng for . thenis�lves arid - in be·
. .
·
·
··
1�. Rest?-ietion�. . upon.pq�io. s of
'
half.of said tribe to warrant and
.
.. .
. , . . �tat�::; .
.
. .,, ,
�
d'ef-�nd ·h1e samc to th-k,.·s·tat�· :·
.
..
·
;_· ·. · .. ;Section l�.
against ·th(!! claims ,.,f said trib�
No $tato . shall
I ;_"nter , - into any T�aty' .·Alliance'
Now' th�re·f'oro' WC the commission(!rs a..for�said. in cone id�rat ion
··;. or: �.?pf��rat1on j. grant .. Lcrtt�rs
·
- ·:._Qr:-Ma.-r(lu� and Reprisals :-�o in
·
of tho premis(?s· ha.ve: �li.d·::ao h�N..
MPMJ'-1.-�mi"t · Bil ls ol Ci-edit I
:,
"by c9venarJ.:t with: �-?- id.�+.�� of
.
·
..... �p.k�:: �Y ·Thing but goi.a . a-!\d . :, :
Indians . in. �half;_ of� tri�. Sta� 0
.
·
MaiJ'.le., :to. pay �o P·�Jd� �:r1b�"t� .
· silv�r Coin a Tend�r in Pa�t
s�m: 9·f ·fi.fty·. th;6u�a:n� · A?.�l��- � :. ir;
... !.; :Q.f" Debts , ... pas.s �Y Sill:·· of·
th� mann�r following, .. tq., w :,.. � - � 9a1
.4 -:ttainder.,. ex p�.t ·facto-: �a�'., . or
·
·f'·.:":·�" impairif.lg thtit· -Obliga.;tiqn-..
sum of fifty thousand· d�llar5"· ·
_
, "�,haj.L bc'..:d-e.p�ite�. ;in .�h�. states
··�f--Contra:cts ,.. · or ,grant �nY-: :'f.:itl�
..
.
.· · , ... ::·. :.'".. :
.
,.. : : :· !treas.u.;ry, and: the{\ Vlt�.st •- reek.:o.t' ·Nobility·.· . .
..
.oni'I}g, . .f!cm. .�ho
.. / · < · . . .: . . . . .. . .. "·,�·'., _. / :; 1..;. :·�:-'"""
. annue.�-lY. -b� paid� �Qe.r= �he·
: ·Ed.,. Not�:1·:: N�·::th�.s �1-S t�e . � '
.
. cali n'cl::?- 0
...Supnlt)e· la� ..o:f. t� -:l�ndl':": •.'.·���d
.
.i:on. a.f, t'he. goycrnqr.. and: . ·
·
·
: on a� ,-to -�.0\1'": ·� �is:'.�h,ang.os3� ./Ilne.
. ·��J..d .���a,:te·.t:' ;�nr�gh/th.� .
..
.
r
:gov-ermnont· th(m -c.ho-QS0-s: ·to ... -mod1fy . . �.e-nt "1'.o,r the-. b�m�;f.�� ,.pf sail.
: ."..:::tr·.�:l?e··r-.·:--:Prqyi.·?ed ,·�t ..,sn.oulq, �·�P. .�·hf !
. ; :th�:d:r .W"Ordo ·and ·nP!'t!e .�Ji�t .. ��is
·.
�. opin�q:n.t :b�: ,��q1J�_re:�.: � ?:!
_c .or·
Will �· 0 .K�.� with t.� ·iOr.Jg,inal
· "
..
fortable ·Support of said tri�,
r'
P&<:>pb. The forked ·tongue·
( Continm�d on pago 6)
stud;{
P�abody, antr·
•
..
'
a
•
...•
•
•
•
l
•
•
••
.
.
.
•
... �
"� �
•
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.
by
o
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•
�l\".J:.
•
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'\
·
.
·
·
..
�,<�
�
� �
·
·
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_
§'
·
..
!
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.
• '° .
r
.
1
.
1
.
.
.
·
·
.
.
·
r
•
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·
dat�" �e�eo�;,. �ha1;
d.1.�c'
-I.tj.di�.a.n.'
v�·" :
�and i f at any t i me , at t he a nnual
s et t l ement any part o f s a id in
t eres t s hould rema i n in the t r ea
s u ry , unex pended , i t sha l l be
add ed to the princ i pa l o f f i fty
t h o us and do l la rs and b ec ome a part
t h ereo f , and s a i d s u m o f f i ft y
t h ous and d o l la rs , t ogether wi t h
s u c h inc reas e as it may fro m yea r
t o yea r rec eiv e , and s ha l l fo re
ever rema in fn t h e t reasury an
a c c umu lat ing fund, for t h e b enefit
o f s a id t ribe .
I n · w it nes s wh ereo f , w e the
s a i d c o mm i s s i oners , have hereunt o
set our hand s an d_,:Sea.,ls "t� �s � Oth
,
,
d ay o f Jun e , A .D. 18JJ.
( L. S . )
S i gned , s ea l ed and)
d el i vered , i n t h e )
( L.S .)
)
pres enc e o f
.
W e hereby c ert i fy t hat t he
above ob l igat i o n , i s a t ru e c o py
o f t h e one we gave t o t he Ind ians .
A . M. R ob ert s , )
)
Tho mas Bart l �t t )
Co mmi s s i oners
N ow that t h e Original
( Ed . Not ea
P eo pl e can rea d and wri t e , perhaps
w e s h ou ld b e d ra ft i ng our own laws . )
*****************************�***
DIS CR I MINA TING LEGAL PRA CTI CES
by
Kennet h c. Tho mps on , Es q.
Thi s i s another art ic l e
( Ed . N o t es
. in a s eri es t hat point out d is crepanc i es and dis c ri minat ions be
tw een the I nd ian and the S tat e
.
G ov ernment . ) ·
.
·
�
R ec ent ly , · a P enobs cot Indian�
charged w it h d riv i ng while impaired
by the u s e of alcohol, foun d h i m
s el f c on fi n ed for s ev·era l needl es s
h o µrs at the Old Town dity j ai l
f o l l ow i ng h i s inab i l it y t o rais e
He was · . t o ld by the bail
bail .
c o mmi s s i oner t hat R es ervat i o n land
c ou ld not b e us ed as ba i l.
Penobs c ot land s are recorded by
deed and are c o nveyed b\twe e n
members o f the ·tribe.
�
Fu rther ins t ruc t i on w�� that
ba i l must be pos t ed i n c as- pr
by land situated in Penobs��t
County .
Post ing o f ba i l i� to
as s ure the d efendent 's appeai-anee
i n c ourt . A local att o rn�y �"'1
a member o f the family conferrad
w ith the ba il c o mmi s s i oner, The
I nd ian �as . rel eas ed-on t hi sig
.
nature of two working f�m!ly .
members .
Fu.rth er. dis·c.us s i on o n the
s it uat i on w ith a judge from dis
t rict c ourt in:Bangor revealed
t hat t hi s was another o ld pre
jud i c e held over from years �go .
The judge had inst ru c t ed th� bail
c o mmi s s i on er in O l d T own that·
indiv idual I nd ian land could be
pos t ed as b ond fo r a Penobseot
Indian .
Another instanc e revealed t hat
another ba i l c o mmis si oner allowed
another I ndian t o go aft er a
res pons ible person s igned for him.
Now t h en s u ppo s ing1 ( 1) An
I nd ian can not get anyone t o put
u p ba i l due t o lat enes s of the
h ou r or (2) the unavailabil i�y o f
s o meone. t o s ign h i s name or
(J) inab i l i ty o f a new bai l cpm�
mis s ioner t o know how to handle
Then t h i s would'
the s it uat ion .
l eav e t h e d efend ent in jail for
s ev eral days until a c ourt h,ar�
ing c ou ld be hel d· and t he baii
requirement c hanged by the judge .
·
Unt i l ·tne P.�partment- o f I�dian
A f fa irs c an be i mpo s ed upqn to
seek an o pini o n fro m the Att orney
·
Gen eral and until the Sup�l'iqr
Court can then notify it s �al l
c ommis s i oners , Penobscot Indi�n$
l iv ing on o r near the Reserv�tion
s hould keep in ·mind t hat in tq�
-
. event they are picked up in Old
.Town for no matter how minor a
·viol ation , and are. taken to t he
:
(Cont inned on ·page 7)
· ·
·
·
-. ·
�- 7police station, and are told bail
must be posted be fore they can be
released, they must have· the bail
commissioner fee of $10.-00 and two··
responsible people sign
. . . 11-1i th
the bail commissioner to.go.his
bail.
.·
·
··
I was glad that you and Mrs.
Mitchell were able to visit me
here in_Augusta, and I hope you
enjoyed your trip.
I shall loolt
.forward.to seeing you again next
· · ,-.
__ wee��
Sincerely yours·,·
·
,� • J •
Ce�tain Correspond�nqe
Received By
.Al bert J . · Nicola
Former
C�ief Sachem and Sagamore
·of the
Penobscots
.. {Ed. Notes· Fro� drunk�_ to dogs,
we- should · not be so fre·e wi-th our
·
land arid o�� liberty.) . : ·
· &aa&&&a&a&�a&a&aa&&&&&&&&&&&&a&&
.
INDIAN BAND REJ EC TS · LIQUOR OUTLE T
August 26, 1955
Governor Albert J. Nicola�
Penobs�ot Tribe of· Indians
Indian Island
Old Town, Maine
Dear Goyernor·Ni�ola�a
.
.
·
I hope you will not be too
dist�rb�d by the accounts which you
may ha�e seen in the papers of the.
dlsbussions that G6vernor Muskie
and. his. counc11 had·:· o:ve-r the·: ques ..
_
tion of appointing: a constable £or
_:the .re.s.e�ation.
I imagine that,'"
as usual.� the newspaper accounts
·
were somewhat inaccurate..
·
I expect to be in Old Town ·
early next week and I .
will make
an opportunity to stop and see you
to discuss with you this matter of
a constable. appointment.
Incident
ally, I inquired further into the
question of the sale of dog li
censes on the Indian Reservation.
The department of Agriculture
informs me that you may secure the
necessary dog tags and record
blanks from the Old Town city clerk,
who will also tell you the current
license fees to be charges,
Per
haps the easiest way for you to
return the State�s share of the
license fee would be to turn that
money over to the city clerk in
Old Town, along with copies of the
licens·e forms.
·
Dean' -Fisher, M. p.
Commissioner
.. !Vlembers of the largest Indi2
band in the ·Northwest· Territ.ories
_dp .not want. a· 11quar. outle·t in
.
·
their cominunity ·rt· .was .lear;-ned
in Yellowkn'ife, N. w:. T.· recently.
. Alexis Arrowmaker, chief of
the i.�200.:.memb·e·r Dogrib band at
Rae-.ecfao,.'told Deputy Commission
.
er John Park�r-that liquor has
�eeri.disast�ou� i�16ther com.munities.
... "No ·on:e· from · RaeL:e-azo. wants
,
liquor · sold t;here, !'_ C�-ief Arrow:
·
·
maker said,
·
·
··
"A lot· of ·peop1e have :.been
getting kiile� �ately
some
have been ·ehot, s·om·e have . drown
�d, and so�� �ave ��•rt.burned,
They are dyiri� dff;··'�
.
"That's ·a11 6n account of
-liquor, ap4_th��·s W�y we don't
like it."
.
Chief Arrowmaker also asked
for rationing .of liquor sales to
Rae-edzo residents in ·Yellowknife.
70 miles to the east by road and
the nearest source of liquor.
The chief said he is con
cerned that his people, who often
earn less than whites, are spend�
ing too much of their money on
.alcohol.
"We don't want our people
to spend what little money they
have on booze.
We all think
the same."
(KAINA! "NEWS Box 808,
C ardston , Alberta)
�-8FRA1 K G, OWLING BEAR SPEAKS
The French and Indian Wars do still go on today
Amid th� woods of Wiaine, the land of ·Penobscot Bay
Isolated from much to do, with tJ:.e gen'rl' Indian scene
Live suffering State Indians,".' �1sath politicians Keen.
Joseph E. Binnette, from near Treat and Webster Isle,
Downs Indians. to th� ground, in his polished Frenchman style
Did I say polished,·sorry, it's my mistake to say
This unrefined Indian hater, will have his ·justice day.
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He's nn ethnic Representative,. ir, the C ongr e s s Halls of ···iaine
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The group he speaks for is the Whi tc, no:c.�.al or insane.·
He downs all. helpful bills, which help Indian ways,
This unrefined Indian hater, will have his justice day.
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Around the Bradley-Milford groups, there's always talk of land
And why the "savage" own so much,· and why it's not white man's
It irks their greedy souls to hell, or why the Indian stays.
These.unrefined Indian hat ers, will have their justice day.
The white supreme non-Indian has showed his lesser well
Of .�o� he sa�ed the Penobscot, by polluting it to hell
�ith the hbardful Great Northern, 'snatching Indian property
.
And the lily wl'li te scurr.med tanneries, pumping colors iri the s·e· a. ·
:�h.e .. white supreme MairLe government, telling Passamagu·oddy tri13�s . .:
That their vast land hold's unset tled, t ill their population di��-.
Even tho• the Indians play it sm?-rt, to sue the Commonweal th
.
EXploitat ion of t �eir legal staff, is Maine's only claim to heal th
•
. J.µst wait for t hem all to marry.out, th� ir blood as t h� Indian die�
.
But don't hold your breath, dear St ate.of Maine, your lesser's
. . Still wise
Of alL the conniving t ricks yo���e pulled, they are not all in
�he: past
So we're-left with Trust t hat's · turned to dust, towards trick
Paleface cast.
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( < « ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( "( ( ( ( ·� (
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((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((({(((((
FRANK GROWLING IN
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CONCERT .
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.Frank presented a concsrt in the Indian Island School
He played a t welve
gymnasium on October 7th9 Sunday night.
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Frank.
string guitar· and sang many .. songs t hat he .had composed.
is t,11� son of Ralph·. and ··Grace _Nicola and is present_ly living·
in �ridgeport, Conn� �ith his �ife and.new baby
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. Franks re-cord is 2.vailable through the newslett er and part
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of t he proceeds goes to t he · Indian Academy. ,R.eqords .cost 60¢. each.
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· (Ed·. Not e 1 .F·rank
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rowling Bear has a str.ong vo i ce t hat will be.
heard .arid his music st rikes_mariy ·a. guilty chord in those who
are doing wrong to t he n�tive p�ople.)
G
�( 9)
. PENOBSCOT RUNNER
WINS BANGOR RACE
Turning on a burst of speed
over the last 100 vards. 35-ye�r
old �alph T�omas, a ?enobscot
Indian, set a new course record
of 25143 in beatina out 39-year
old defending champion Walter
Renaud of Orono to win the ninth
annual Bangor five-mile road race
Monday.
Renaud set the previous re
cord of 25s58.8 a year ago and
with approximately 200 yards to
go held a thin lead over Thomas.
But after rounding the final turn
at the Bass Park oval Thomas
opened up to ·win by 30 feet.
This
was his fourth strai�ht road race
victory this season.
He barely missed being struck
by an automobile on the way.
He
was in third place behind Joe Dahl
of Yar.mout.h .and Renaud .on, Harlow'·
Street° "when- a· mot'orist pulled out
.
of Cum�erland Street·a±te�·being
warnetj. .. bY. the police pace car.
Thomas .Jumped to the sicewalk to
avoid the car, returned t·o ·'the
street and appeared to increase
his speed.
By the time the field reached
14th Street he was in the lead
with Dahl second, Renaud third
and former winner Bob Hillgrove
of Rockland fourth.
On West
Broadw�y Renaud moved to s�cond
place just a stride behind the
leader.
As they moved to the Bass
Park track for one lap around
Renaud took the lead briefly.
Thomas took command again and the
lead changed hands three times
before Thomas applied the steam
in the stretch.
It was a fitting finish to
what entrants termed "The best
field and best race yet."
Renaud fini�hed in 25146,
followed by Dahl in 2610/1 Htl�
grove in 26s351 and Ken i i�nders
of Westbrook in 26:43.
All of them were awarded
trophies as were Brian Lizotte,
first Bangor resident; Larry
Greer of Cape Elizabeth, first
high school runners and Phil
Harmon of Bar Mills, first over
40 years.
Others receiving medals in
the AAU-sanction event sponsored
by the Bangor Recreation Depart
ment weres Paul Thompson,. LaTry
Greer, Neil Mineri Feff. Sanborn,
Jeff Humphrey, Willard Deering,
Russell Taylor, Richard Krause,
Brian Lizotte and Paul Morneault.
A field of 35 answered the
starter's gun includin� 64-year
old John Cody of Hampden.
He was
checked by a physician prior to
race and finished the five-mile
·
grind in 70 mir:n�.teR to. pee.om�. t!�e .
oldest ·entrant· to compete in the
event.
Thomas, formerly of Old Town
said he was pleased with the cool
,weather.
The race was held in a
·steady rai�. "If· it was ten de
grees warmer I wouldn't. have made
it.
Walter (Renaud) is a·great .
competitor and a hard man to beat."
Renaud also paid tribute to the
new champion, stating "This man
is one of the best. He has great
determination."
Renaud had been
bothered by a back ailment but
said he had no difficulty in the
Bangor event.
Runners termed weather con
dition almost ideal. :It was a ·
vast change from Sunday's 80-de
gree plus temperature, hovering
around 60 de�rees.
race.
( P!-i�m
All 35·entrants completed the
l3a,ng_c;>_r pa.i:ly� � e�
Tu�sid.ay, - � �pt�mb er ?
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the Office of Navajo Economic
Opportunity.
She also taught
junior high school in the Balt
imore City School System.
Terry Polchies, president of
Both Nicholas and Mrs.
TRIBE, Inc. Board of Directors,
Thompson are working under a
announced today the appointment
strong mandate from the Board to
of two executive staff members and
raise the TRIBE experiences of the
new TRIBE funding.
past to develop truly effective,
Daryl Nicholas, a Maliseet
alternate educational routes for
Indian from the Tobique Indian
the high school drop-out and poReserve in New Brunswick has been
tential dropout.
named to the position of Executive
Nicholas stated, "The expel""!
Director and Mrs. Carol Thompson,
iences of the past have taught
a former employee of the Navajo
us a great deal.
They have been
Community College was named to the
our success and our failures.
position of Program Developer.
From them we know that these
.
"T he international scope .of
young people are smart and cap
the work and membership of TRIBE,
able of learning and contributing.
Inc. has always been one of its
It is our job then, TRIBE's job,
unique and challenging features,"
to learn with. To me the most
· impressive thing about TRIBE is
Polchies said.
"The Executive
Committee of the Board of
the commitment of persons invol
Directors feels that this comb
ved on the Board. Sure there are
problems, but basically you
ination of Canadian and American
influence on the Executive Staff
have cut across international,
will serve TRIBE well."
national and tribal differences
TRIBE is a non-profit pri
to work together to solve com
vate corporation based in Bar
mon problems.
They really want
to do something."
Harbor , Maine which seeks to all
To assist TRIBE in its en
eviate the high ( 9 0 per cent) drop
out rate among Eastern and Canadian deavors, Polchies also announce
ed the awarding of an additional
young people through innovative
National Endowment for the
and experimental programs and re
Humanities grant.
The grant, in
search in bi-cultural education.
excess of $ 100,000 is the second
In the past TRIBE has sponsored a
year phase of a continuing five
series of seminars on the causes
year grant.
However, in order
of the problem and ran an experim
to receive these .funds, TRIBE
ental eight-month school for drop
outs.
must produce $34,ooo in matching
funds for the National Endowment
·�he. new Executive Director,
·for the Humanities grant by Jun�,.·
Nichol�s, has had extensiv� .ex- .
.
perience in Canadian Indian Ed
1 9729
ucation.
His post prior to com
ing to TRIBE was educational con
sultant to the Union of New Bruns
wick Indians.
He has also served
as teacher, principal and admin
istrator �o schools in the Alberta
Province.
Mrs. Thomps6n, a native of
Baltimore, Maryland, has worked on
the Navajo Reservation for the
.
past three years.
Her major re
sponsibilities were that of pro
gram development, administration,.
TRIBE Appoints Two New
Executive Staff Members
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.funding an<i
stn.:f:t
t;i.·;:i i n_i. ng. lmder
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.·"SCENES _FROM INDIAN LIFE''
Yo L: 1, N o l
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by -
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Johnn y.C o ld Spring
(Nowas h T i b e)
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· Ha - way
·(hello) a l l yo u In- d ins . every wh ere·• • · • even my f rens , t o o .
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I know yo ur fa ces and I s ur� wo uld lik e t o sh a:k e han ds w ith it , b ut
I can •t • • • • anyway , s o h ere I a m w rtti n' t o yo u in th is go o o o oo o d In-din
news paper wh i ch a l l o f yo u sho ul d read , o r red • • � • • ca us e �h is paper,
i t' s go o d fo r yo u. and for.me and f or a ll of us In-d ins , In fa ct, even
. i� y..qu ca!?-�-�-·rea.d, �t is s ti ll g9o d fo r Y.o u and yo u s ho uld j;ed it s ome
time o r o �h er.· ·.·.an d rea d i t' goooooooo.od!·t ! ! . We I n-d ins ' m us t s ti ck t o
geth er and �elp ea ch o th er and h elp o u� peopl es a s w el l a s o ur o l d
peoples • • • • ca us e us In-d ins , w e are not many-many l ik e th e Wh i te Mans
?r t � e B la ck Mans o r th e Yel l o .w Mans , , ;w e might b e man y-many t ri bes
out if t h ey p ut ·u� a l l i n a b ucket w e . wo uld not even be 1/lOth o f
t hat Am erika pop ula ti 9n bomb i hea r s o m uch abo ut!!ft BUT, i f w e can
get t�g eth er, t h en �eeb e s o w e ca n d o s o mething go o d fo r o ur Red P eoples
:iev�rywh ere • • • • • � i n ci ti es as w el l as a t.h om e·on t h e res ervat i ons . SO,
_
you. LlSTEN TO ME • • • • • • • • • • • • • EVEN IF YOU CAN'T HEAR. 'I MIGHT SAY SOME.
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'!'HING GOOD,
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YOU D ON-'T KNOW!! 1
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·#h en i rit e t h i s n ews paper 66 1 umn , and i f i say th ings goo d, th en
so m a ny-many In- d in n ewspap ers w i l l want it • • • • • • and t h en i can GIVE
IT TO THEM GOOD, RIGHT AWAY. C o urs e yo u rea ders , o r redd ers, w i l l ha ve
to �ay i f i t' s go od and i f yo u want it mo re than yo u go t it • • • • • • • b ut �
ven i f yo u d on ' t say yo u want mo re, I th ink that I ' m gonna gi ve yo u more
anywayllll CAUSE YOU NEED I T!! LOTS OF IN - DI N NEWS P AP ER$ TRYIN' TO PUL.
US FA R -away in-d ins TOGETHER • • • • • • nm THEY NEED HELP • • • , SO, HERE, I
.
AM, J OJiNNY COLD SPRING OF THE NOWASH TRIBE.� • • TO HELP EVERYBODY WAKE UP
(if w e' re
BEFORE IT GETS TOO LATE AND IN-DINS ARE NO MORE IN AMERIKA.
not h e re_, I d on ' t know wh ere w e gonna be, b ut i b et it won ' t b e go o d fo r
.
·US 1 ! ! )
.
D
La st Da. 15, 1970, in Wa sh- ing- t ona , . .c. two I n-d in chi ld ren a ged
11 and 1), play ed �usi c on a cla rinet and Sio ux · £1ut e at t h e WHITR
.•HOUSE C ONFERENCE ON CHILDREN'& YOUTH • • • • • • • • • ·.and so , ·
NBC mad e· a vi dtto
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:ta pe� f or1 b roa dcas t na t'i <:mw id e on A p ri l 24 • • • • • no w, ,t h e· p roducer, Bob
Asmatr, of NBC N ews Dept . (4001 Nebrl19ka. A e • . N .W., Wa sh.ington , D. C. )
�HAS EXCLUDED THE INDIAN CHILDREN FROM THE TELECAST, k aepi n .' . a l l th�
·
Blacks & Wh i t es in! l
YOU IN-DINS, ALL O F YOU,· SHOULP' . RITE A NASTY NOTE
. TO ·HIM AN TO H I S BOSSI 1 l (His boss is George Hein ema nn , JO .. �ock erfe l l e r
�l a.za-, N ew York C i t y,, N. Y. 10020), NEVER TOO Lf:lTE • • �· . the national net .
works n eed to know that US IN-DINS ARE REAL & ALIVE & WE WANT NO MORE
.
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...Jt E ;;;;; ·-=:..;;.:::::._;A:.:.:B OU T U.; l !! l I
.._I S;_ 'TO LD·
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Al·s o , if you see a movie about· I n- din s · that yo\1. ·.d on..�·.t · l ik e ,. then
you must say so.•.,,' just a post-card can .4p i t· g�oo.,o.oooood. . . . Ri t.e _t o
that big White ·Man, Gregory. Peck, c/o A9ADEJ"IT ?F MOTION· �IC TUR� . ARTS &
.
SCIENCES. . . . ·• • •, .• th ey the ·opes;:that alla. ti�e . give . away._ little oscar for
,
k i l l in •., Ih�dlns·, in:· mo v i es • . He• s i n Hollywood,. q�lifornia.. so, DO
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ITT- · · ·,·�· DONtift 'R.E . 'FRATT'.lf. '"
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�� 12 A ls o , ALL YOU IN -D INS MUST G IV E
N . S C OT T MOMADAY & V IN E DE-LOR IA
for you s i ngs , and H o s e mad e o f lawn·
C UST ER DIE D FOR Y OUR SINS , AND HOUSE
gud books t o read , even i f you can ' t
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SUPPORT T O THOSE TWO IN - D IN WRITERS
BUY THE I R BOOKS a Cus tard d i ed
( j us k idd in '
) real title s ,
MADE OF DAWN . They are ree e e e ly
read . You c o u ld l ike it , lots .
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Hey , me e be s o i f you r i t e a not e , a !- n i c e one , t o C omrn i sh . Lou i s
Bruc e a n d t e l l h im t o ke e p d o ing h i s g o o d j ob
I be t it would
mad e h im happy . He brot a lot o f IN-d in boys ( smart one s ) t o B . I . A . in
Wash- ing- t ona , for b i g j obs , e nn i t t N OW , THE B IA C UD DO S OME GOOD
I F THEY FEEL L IKE IT .
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WELL , I have t o go l o ok for my c ows now
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s o I gue s s it would
Next t ime I
c an t e l l you l o t s more i f i t ry hard , I gue s s . S o , you mus t l ook for
my word s i n s�IN - D in NKW S PA PERS
and I BET YOU C OULD FIND IT
s ome t ime
i f you t ry .
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be all r i ght if i d on.' t r it e anymore r i ght now , e nni t?
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T he use o f the Engl i s h language in th i s c o lumn is not int e nd ed
t o d e grad e or r id i c u l e the Ame r i can I nd ian Pe ople and is n ot
to be c ons t rue d as such . Any re s emblanc e t o pe rs ons l iv ing or
d e ad · is pure ly c o inc id e nta l , and if anyone is o ffend ed unin
t e nt i o na l ly , the wr i t e r he re by o f fe rs pub lic apo logy . The
purpos e of t h i s c o lumn is to inform and s t imu lat e the Ind ian
reade rs in a humorous manne r w ith the hope that gre at e r un ity
among our I nd ian t r ibe s w i l l re s u lt . )
( N OT E a
sx·
J ohnny C o ld S pr i ng ( hi s mark )
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PEN OBSC OT IND IAN FIELD DAY
The Pe nobs c ot I nd ian C orporat i o n he ld a f i e ld day for a l l mem
bers of the t r ibe and the i r fam i l i e s on I nd ian I s land on Augu s t 29 .
T h e C o rporat i o n furn i s he d barbe cued c h i cken and s o ft d r ink s . Salads : "
Pr i z e s we re given for the foll
and _ d a s e e r.t s w e re brought by the wome n .
ow i ng s
.
DOOR PRIZ E -two p i c n i c table s , Mr . M i c ha e l Ranc e , Mrs . Susan Paul .
D OOR PRIZ E-two baby rabb i t s , M i s s Pau la Love , Mas t e r Gary J . N e p
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·t une .
HOR S E,:.S H OE·.' P ITCHING T OURNAMENT- s e t o f hors e s h o e s - W i l fre d Pe hrs -o�
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lawn .j art s , M i s s Mary Ham i l t ori ,
LAWN JA RTS T OU RNAMENT- two s e t s of
M r s . Eu ge nia . T h omp s o n .
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" Be ing I nd ian is wat c h ing J ohn
Wayne wh i p · 5 0 · o f your k ind w it h
a. s ingl e - shot p i s t o l and a rus ty
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p o c k e t kn i fe on the lat e s h ow . "
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B E IN G IND IAN. I S
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"Be ing I nd ian is
hav ing at l east
a d o z e n m i s s ionar i e s from 12 d i f- '
· · te �ent fa iths t ry ing t o s a:ve . ·your
heathen s oul eve ry year . " · · ·
by Reube n Snak e
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�( 13 )
H OW IND IANS - HUNT DE ER
By B i 11 Ge agan
( C ont i nu� · from May' s i s s ue . )
It wa� ·Ne ls on Dana , a young
Pas s amaquoddy , who f irst i nt ro- ' : '
duc e d me to what he c a l le d " horn
banging . " _ Hunt ing in Ma ine ' s vast
Down East c ount ry at t he be g i nning
o f the rut , we hid in hemlocks
ne ar a large urine - s oak e d are a of
black �arth paw o d up by a mat e
a e eking buck .
Ne l s on carr ie d h i s
o ld 38- 5 5 ri f le and two mc d ium
s i z e d antle rs ,
I had long ago l e arne d that
mo s t I nd i ans talk only whe n it i s
ab s o lu t e ly ne c � s sary , Hand s igns
and grunt s are the usual me thods
of c ommuni cat i o ns .
Ne l s on c e r. tainly was no e x c e pt i on .
As a
mat t e r o f fac t , he was by far t he
qu i e t e s t Ind ian I had eve r prowled
- - W i�h .
I had to wat c h h im c on
s tant ly for h i s s igns .
I c ou ldn ' t
b� l ieve my ears whe n he turn� d to
tr1� and whi s pe re d 1 " Bu c k e x pe c t
only d oe a t h i s s c rape place .
H o r n-banging mix h im up .
He be
v e ry c urious and want to fight .
Th i s my own i d e a .
I t work good l "
Eye s c l o s e d , I l i s t e ne d as he
rub be d and bange d t h e ant l e rs t o
ge the r .
I t s ound e d exac t ly l ike
t he few a c tual c o nt e s t s I had
he ard .
N o t h ing happe ne d .
The
Ind i an re s te d , l o oke d and l i s t e ne d
the n repeated t he pe rformanc e ,
th i s t ime �t t e ring gut t e ra l grunt s
r at t ling r o c k s , break i ng sma l l
orus h , and , s �me thing new t o me ,
tl'\,ump ing hard on the s o ft e arth
With t he he e l of a large brown
hand ,. . ·
N a ls on s hook h i s head whe n I
l o oked at two c ur i ous d oe s , on�
on e ithe r s id e of a sma l l and very
' ld eutt i�g .
Thon a buc k c ame ,
runn ing hard in a s t range crouc h ,
Wi l d - e ye d and ful l o f fight . He
� ama very near and s t ood s t i l l .
My s i le nt Ind ian frie nd nodde d ,
and I droppe d a hands ome t rophy .
Fo l low e d c lo s e ly , t h i s same pro
e e duro in s im i lar s it uat i ons now
.... � o ft en pays o f f for m� .
Sylve s t e r Franc i s Nee dahbe h ,
and Re d Eagle a l l s trongly favor
ed look ing for d � e r , part icularly
c leve r o ld bucks , in unus ua l
place s . A lthough the I ndian pre
fe rs t o prow l the d e e p w o o d s , he
knows that d e e r and a l l other
game are not numero us in t he ma
ture d fore s t . The fr inge are a i s
the ir favore d hunt ing gro und whe n
meat and h id e s are ne e d be cause
i t i s in such environme nt t hat
t he de e r ' s food i s mos t abundant .
Re t urning from v i s i t s with
farm fr iends ne ar Bangor on s ev
e ral lat e - summe r n ight s , my w i fe
A l ic e and I s aw in our car he ad1 ight s from s ix to fi ft e e n d e e r
in t he s ame w i ld f ie lds hnrd e r
ing the road . W it h the c om i ng
o f the. hunt ing s e as on .
I hur ried
-·c onfide nt ly t o t hat are a of
mos t
f ie lds and d e ns e s t and s o f
ly c on i fe rous w o o d s .
Days in a
row I prowl e d the re , but like
the hunt e rs in the M i c h i gan and
S outh Dak ota e xpe r ime nt s , I
ne i t he r s aw nor he ard a d e e r-
buck , d oe , or fawn .
I c ouldn ' t
und e rs tand i t , And again I t urn
e d t o my Ind ian friends for a
p o s s ible s o luti on .
Off h i s c anoe - bu i ld ing j ob
at Old T own for a few days ,
Sylve s t e r c ame t o the are a with
me in hope s of s o lving the
.
A t remena
mys t e ry . And he d i d l
ous w i ld bog , fou r mi l e s lo ng
and a m i le or more w i d e and
d ivid e d by a w id e s t ream ,
s prawled t o the s outh o f the
Our fru it le s s
w o od s and f i a ld s .
, s it t ing , and wat c h in �
prowl ing
f inal ly wound up at the e dge �1
I t was a
the great was t e land .
n i ghtmare o f t owe r i ng swale gras s
s tre t che s o f cha l l e nging puc k e r
.
brus h , tangle s o f a ld e rs , anc
w i ld red maple s , a l l r i s i ng fro m
d e e p black bog s lo p . A he llh ole
i f eve r there was one .
" C e rta inly , no d e e r would
eve r go int o that me s s l " · · I ex
c la im� d .
( c ont inue d on next pags )
·
�( How Ind ians
cont , from page 13 . )
" I am not s o s ure about
·
t hat , " S y lves t er draw led t hough t
fully �
We returned t he fo l low ing
�orn i n� , th i s t ime w i th t he �
: nd ian ' s ·canoe .
He d i rect ed me
�o rema in h i d den where a wooded
·'.)ank over looked the great bog , ·
: wa i t ed an etern i t y before I
� i an l ly s aw h im far acros s t he
wav i ng gras s as he pad d led s low
I watched
-1 down the s t ream .
� im ·beach t he craft , hau l on h i p
�oot s , and head s t umb l ing acros s
�he bog toward me .
He was ba lanc ing along on
� he qu i ver ing hummock s bet ween
:ace-down fa l l s .
On and on he
�ame .
T hen s ud denly. an i s land
� f maples exploded deer , flags
�ly i ng h i gh in a l l d irect ions .
: saw. S y lves t er f i re tw ice and
rr i s s , and , t i ght and nervous ,
v,·atched four o f t he an ima l s
�wo d oei, a fawn , and a buck
:ound i ng h i gh in my d irect i on .
�Y f ir s t s hot at the buck t ore
:�to an a l d e r .
A s econd one
k�ocked h im d own, but it t ook a
t tird to s top h im .
" Deer can go any p lace .
Jon ' t pas s up any k ind o f cover
�hen the ch i ps are d own, " ·
S y lves ter s a i d as we drove home .
Many a hunter has sat for a
� ime at the s id e of an old wood s
road, moved on, and returned t o
i i s cover b y fresh t rack s i n mud
�r s now t hat one or more d eer
. �ad cros s ed at t hat very s pot .
i�y I nd ian fr iend s agree that very
O ften d eer on the way to cros s
a road d e tect the road s id e s i t
:er, rema i n mot i on les s , look i ng
and l i s ten i ng, up to an hour or
:nore, . corn i ng out when the hunt er
· �oyes on .
S ylves ter · s everal
� imes prove d t h i s t heory to me-
� he firs t t ime i n t he· ��cellent
deer country of Gree.n fi e ld ·
�ear Old Town �
On t he edg� o t a� old h�u l
!ng road in d ens e con i ferous
growth we pu f f � d hand �rol led
. � igarett es and talk� d a l it t le
�he I nd ian
for near � an hour,
•
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.. .
·
·
�
·
_
wh i s pered t hat he he ard a tw i g
s nap beh i nd us and mot ioned t o
move on . · Mov ing s lowly u p t he
road about f i fteen paces , we wat
ched · long from beh ind a -large
w i nd- fe lled s pruce .
F i na l ly t he
f irs s hoo�, parted , and out s t ep
ped three d eer- a doe and two
large year l i ngs .
We let them
. pas s . A ·· ;n i nute later an e ight-·:·
pq int buck followed caut ious ly
and Sy lves ter dropped h im .
Very o ften that " s tump"
in t he shadowed woo4 s t hat looks
exact ly l i ke a res t ing deer ' s
head is jus t that .
Many a f i ne
t rophy i s pas s ed up in s uch s it
uat ions .
Look hard w i t hout mov
ing , clos i ng the eyes for s ec
ond s at a t ime les t they f ire
and fa i l you .
Over the years I
have been conv inced aga in and
aga in t hat it pays o f f to look
back at a s i t t ing place, and to
g ive certa in s tumps a long s ec
ond look .
Of cours e , always be
i ng abs olut ley s ure i t ' s a deer
and not a pers on before you take
a s hot .
New cut t i ngs prov ide much
d eer food in the t ops o f fresh
ly fel l e d hardwood s , but thos e
cutt ings are much more attract ive
to t he . wh i tet a i l s the s e cond year
when tender young s prout s , s ucker
growth, and t he inev itable ras p
berry bu$ hes appear in great pro
fus ion .
The s e are more payoff
s pot s for t he Ind ians , and for
a l l other hunters t ra ined in
wood s lore and capable o f hol d
i ng a long, qu i e t v i g i l nearby .
( C ont inued i n next month ' s i s s ue . )
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" BE ING IND IAN IS ,
Being . Ind ia� i s, , . f i �ht ing w i th
t he u.s , · Army to s ave your · count
ry · from the e v i l s of commun i s t s
a n d a·ga i n s t the U . S '� Army on
your res � rvat i on .to k e e p the
C orps of Engine e rs from· s teal ing
a l l your land .
•
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�
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�15
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L E T T E R S
to
the
E D I T O R
Dear Ed itor s
I am glad t o s e e t h e news
lett e r back in act ion aga in ,
.
be cau s e I have writt e n t o you
be fore and you d id pub l i s h s ome
of the th ings I have wr itten .
When I wrot e be fore I expre s s ed
my opini ons o f the �h ite man ,
the ir tre atme nt t owards the Ind ian ,
and the re att itud e s t oward s us ,
not all o f them but s ome .
Now , I
find t hat s ome o f the tr ible
Gov ' s and c ouns e l l members , have
the s ame att itude t oward s the
I nd ians who l ive o ff t he I s land .
I s e e no d i ffre nc e in there
tre atment t oward s us , than �he
Wh ite man ' s . S o whe n s ome o f the
Ind ians s tart h o l l e r ing .pre s e rve
�here cult ure and h e r itage • what
do they mean? I know s ome of the
Ind ians want t o . pre s e rve what
�hey have le ft of t h e re culture
and he r itage , but s ome of them
ho llor about this whe n t hey think
they w i l l have t o s hare w i th off
re s e r\rat i o n I nd ians , so t h i s te lls
me they want t o pre s e rve the white
man ' s way , be caus e mos t wh i t e men
do not want t o s hare e ithe r , but
they labe l . it , as be ing cons e rv
T h e S tat e o f Me . c e nsus
it ive .
l i s t s I nd ians , but . the U . S . c e n
s uc e , has none ; · the las t t ime I
The Penobs c o t s l is t s 82 8 ,
he ard .
In� ians in August a , bu� on �he
I s land , if you l ive in t own your
c onc idered wh i t e , this is another
they just want
wh i t e man s way
to e la im you , �ot he lp you , how
long has this be � n I nd ian culture ?
How long has I nd ian culture be e n
t o cheat and d e ny o ff re s e rvat ion
Ind ians of the re equa l ! r i ght s 1
My Anc i s t ors t o ld m e t h i s is what
the wh i t e man d id , to them , t he y
meve r t o ld · me t h e Ind ian d id t h is
t o oth� r membe rs of the re tribe ,
they t old me wh i t e me n us e I nd ians
for t he re own &:dvantage , the.y
•
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never t o ld me Ind ians wou ld us e me
for there advantage l ik e they are
do ing now , by putt ing my name on
- the c e ncus l i s t eve r yea� _ .they
c la im me but re fus e t o . he lp me , is
this Ind ian culture , t o me its no
d i ffre nt than what the wh ite man
d o e s , I s e e the Ind ians d o i ng the
same t hing but call it pre s e rv ing
there culture and whe n the white
man does · it t o the Ind ian say i t s
cheat ing . and are us ing me . but I
s e e no d i ffrence � t h e n the - at t itude
I re c ive from the wh ite man � I
alway thought chang ing .. the wh ite
mans at t itud e , was the answe r , I
s e e i t s not .
The now Gov and · pas t
Gov ' s and s ome o f t h e c ouns e l
membe r . pas t and pre s e nt , . hav ing a l J
t�e things t h e wh ite man has , such
· as there nice home s , cars , ward
robe , s ome even b e t t e r than s ome
wh i t e s. have . they have �very th ing
the wh i t e man has , but whe n I say
I want the . same th ing w ith . there
he lp , l ike the he lp they · re c e ive
they s tart hollor ing pre s e rv ing
our culture , or s ay I am -- t o much
l ike the wh i t e man , jus t be caus e
I have t o l ive in t o�n s whe n
actually all I want i s t o pre s e rve
my culture and h e r itage : in the
wh ite mans way l i�e . they - are
d o ing , I can unde rs t and the K i nd
o f culture and he ritage you are
t e aching . i t s a_ lot . d i ffrent than
the one s ome othe rs want to ma in
tain , and unt i l ! the Gov and s ome
�t the c 6uns e l m�mbe r e xpla in what
they are talk ing about , I w i l l
c ont inue t o d emand equal r ights
for mys e lf and othe r I nd ians who
have to l ive o ff the re s e rvat i ons .
as long as my name i s on the
. t rible c e nsus l is t , and th�y are
c la im i ng me as an Ind ian , - I want
what is r i ght ly mine als o , from
the . tr ibe , and the S tate , and i f
I move t o Alaska I w i l l s t i ll be
a Penobs c ot · I nd ian .
S inc e rly ,
Phyll is
*
�( 16 )
. ( LETTERS
.•
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•
c o nt . )
D e ar S i r s
I have r e que s t e d and re c e ive d
from the S t ate E l e c t i ons D iv i s ion
ne c e s s ary pap.e rs . for a re fe re n dum
on a s e at , a v o i c e . and a vo t e for
Ind ians in the Ma ine Leg i s lature .
I fe e l qu i t e c o nfid e nt that mo s t
Ma ine v ot e rs would a c t favorably
on such a re fe re ndum . I do not
want t o s tart . t o work on a pro
j e c t s uc h .as .t h i s . w i t hout the
I nd ians OK
I . have c onta c t e d
s ome t r ibal membe rs and awa it a
. re ply . P l e a ae d o what you c an t o
inform . the Ind ians o f m y thought s .
I w i l l be away qu i t e fre que nt ly
but · h<?-_ pe ·.t o s pe nd more t ime on
th �s . a ft e r a re ply and a ft e r c on
v e �t. i ons are ove r for my husband
and me
I k now t he I nd ians have
many th ings k e e p ing the n bus y
t ry i ng t o s o lve probl ems and I
w ould l ike t o be o f s e rv i c e t o
the m ..' . .
•
•
I hope the re is som e one
re ad ing who can he lp me and
others l i ke me .
Go in be auty .
.
.
S i nc e re ly ,
S e n . C athe r i ne C arswe l l
( Ed N o t e s Should the re ad e rs w i s h
t o re ply t o S e n . C arswe l l ' s in
t e r e s t i n a s t atewide re f e re ndum
o n a vo i c e , s e at and vote for
I nd ians , you may addre s s he.r at
S ta t e of Ma ine , S e nat e C hamb e r
Augus t a , M e 04 3 3 0 or 26 Panoram i c
Dr ive , P o rt land , Me . 04 1 0 3 . )
•
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I am a memb e r o f t he " Invis
i b l e I nd ian� " · an Aqu i nah-Wam
pan o e g o f Mas s a chus e t t s .
It ls
go od to he ar o f the a c t ivi�ies of
my broth e rs and s i s t e rs to the
N o rt h . As an urban I nd ian o f
m i x e d b l o od i n a n are a that bares
t o o many ' appl e s •· it is d iff i c ult
t o r e t a i n t he beauty and me aning
o f our trad i t i ons . I am look ing
for he l p in l ea rn i ng o f our true
r e l i. e; i. n n ,
Robe rt w . Dav i s
( Wat is apurne qu i n )
Box 5 5
Mashpe e , Mas s .
02649
*
Dear Ed i t o r ,
Imag ine my surpr ise in re
c e iv ing j ust last week a c opy of
your news l e t t e r , a ft e r our sub
s c ript i o n ran out a c ouple of
ye ars ago . Many thanks · for the
c ompl ime ntar � c opy . I ' m enclosing
a c he ck for $ 6 . 0 0 for a subs c r i pt i on 1 ) for ourselves and
2 ) a g i ft for my aunt . Yes , there
are s ome pe ople in t h is b i g . c ity
who are c oncerned w ith Ind ian · _
affairs and r i ghts .
We don ' t ·
buy what the New York Times tells
us that the Bureau o f Ind ian
Affa irs S A Y S
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May I w ish you the best o f
luck i n the c ont inuance of your
My fr i.e nd s ,
nnt ive
ve ry l i t t l e that was remembered
by my father and grand fathe r . O
Our pe ople have long ago be e n
forc e d int o the cultura l ma in
s t ream and s o mu ch was lost that
mus t be rega ined .
Al l
I
k uo""
is
Having been. a news
newsletter .
le.tter ed i t or myself ( a c o- oper
at i ve nursery sc hool· and Head
S t art ) I know t he problems .
Yours is muc h more amb1 t i ous ,
Mine never · exceeded 4
h owever .
pages !
·
Oh yes I would like t o order
2 Ind ian C olorirtg B ooks for ·=a
_
ne i ghbor ' s· c h ildren who recently
I w ill · make ·
moved t o German� .
that c heck fo� $6 . 0 0 �
Please
,,,., e nd . c a l ()r :i ng hooks
�nd
1
·
�( 17 )
( LETT ERS
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•
c ont . )
subs c r ipt ion t o me at the be low
addre s s . The g i ft s ubs c r ipt ion
its s upos e d t o · be a C hr is tma s
g i ft-do you have a card or not e
inform i ng re c ipient o f t h is ? )
goe s t o Mrs . Ruth A l e xand e r
3e aux A r t s Hot e l
3 0 7 Eas t 44th S t .
New York , N . Y .
Thank you ,
Mrs . Fa ith C o le
145 Warre n St ,
Brooklyn , N . Y . 1 1 2 0 1
SEND ALL DONAT I ON T 0 1
BROTHERHOOD OF AMERICAN IND IANS
C/O CHA I RMAN , ALBERT CALF LOOK IN G
DEPARTMEN T OF JUST ICE
B OX 6 0 0
STE ILAC OOM , WASH
9 8388
RES PECT FULLY YOURS ,
BROTHERHOOD OF AMER ICAN IND IANS .
ED IT OR SMOKE TALK , NEVA HENSHAW
C ORRSP . SECT . , HA RRINGT ON LUNA
*
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Dear Ed i t or s
�E THE BROTHERS OF THE BROTHER
�OOD OF AMER I CAN IND IANS WOULD
�IKE T O ASK YOUR HELP AND AS S IS
�AN C E I N HELPING U S ES TABL ISHING
;_ EMERGEN C Y FUND HERE AT McNE IL
:SLAND .
�� HAVE S ENT OUT REQUESTS T O
J: FFERENT BUREAU OF IND IAN S
AFFA I RS DEPARTMENT B OTH LOCAL
�ND TO THE AREA OFFIC E IN PORT
:.J..ND , OREGON . S O FAR N OTHING HAS
�EEN D ONE T O HELP US .
:T IS BAD EN OUGH T O BE HERE IN
:ARCERATED , YET W ORS E T O HAVE A
� RAGEDY OR DEATH IN OUR FAMI LYS ,
lND WE CANN OT GO H OME ON FUR
:ivUGH , DUE TO THE LACK OF FUNDS ,
'liE MUST PAY FOR THE ES C ORT ING
CF FICER ' S EXPEN C ES .
�E S I NC ERELY BEL I EVE I F SUCH A
?JND WAS GRANT ED T O US HERE AT
J�NEIL AND OTHER PEN I L INS T I �1 JT I ON WHERE OUR BROTHERS ARE AT .
:? YOU C OULD HELP US IN ANyWAY WE
W UJLD THANK YOU VERY MUCH . WE
:iAVE A BANK A C C OUNT S ET UP IN
:'AC OMA AREA TO HANDLE SUCH FUNDS .
: F ANYON E W ISHES T O S END THEM T O
US . TH IS W OULD BE VERY H ELPFULL
�O US AND T O ALOT OF OTHER PEOPLE
WHEN SUCH A BAD TH ING HAPPEN IN A
FAM ILY . FOR I F YOU WERE IN SUCH
A P LA C E I AM SURE THA T YOU C OULD
UNDERSTAND HOW · IT W OULD TAKE
T OLE OF YOU .
Dear S ips is s
As you know , I am the gre at e s t
be l iev e r in t re at i e s r but I am
ve ry s orry t o inform you at this
t ime that we d o not have any
money ava i lab le t o do th i s . I
hope you and t he Pe nobs c o t s
und e rs tand m y s ituat i on .
I f I d id buy t h i s mat e r ia l , this
would mean s ome one e ls e has t o
do w ithout . A lthough I want to
d o i t , my be t t e r j udgme nt t e l l s
me not to at t h i s t ime .
1"
Hope t o ke e p in t ouch w it h you
in the ne ar future �
Cord ia l ly yours ,
J ohn w . S t e vens
C omm i s s i one r
( Ed . Note s T h i s lett e r ie the
reply to the OPEN LETTER TO
IND IAN C OMMISS I ONER writ t e n on
pa g e 2
o f t h i s i s sue . )
*
( Ed . Note s S e nd all c orre s pon
d e n c e to Ma ine I nd ian N ews l e t t e r
P . O . B o x 5 5 3 , O l d T own , Me . 0446 8
Le t t e rs from re ade rs are not
ne c e s s ar i ly the opinion o f the
Ed i t or . A ll opinions are
we lc.ome . )
�( 18 )
MA IN E IND IAN C OMMI S S I ON ER a
C o ngrat u lat i ons & b e s t w i s h e s t o
J ohn S t ev e ns , nam e d b y Gove rno r
K e nn e t h Curt i s , as t h e n e w I nd ian
C omm i s s i one r .
J ohn S t e ve ns was born i n 19 3 3 at
P e t e r Dana Po int , I nd ian Town
s h ip Re s e rvat i o n , Princ e t on ,
A ft e r c ompl et ing two and
Ma ine .
o n e hal f ye ars o f h igh s c h o o l h e
j o ined the Marine C o rps and
s e rv e d in K or e a .
U pon h i s re turn
from the s e rv i c e , from wh i c h he
was h o norably d i s c harge d , he was
e le c t e d Gove rnor of the I nd ian
T owns h i p Pas s amaquoddy Tribe and
has he ld t hat pos it i on for the
pas t 17 ye ars , be i ng r e - e l e c t e d
b y popu lar v o t e o f t h e Tribe
every two ye ars .
B e fore b e
c om i ng as s o c iat e d w i t h the T r ibe ' s
prev ious C ommunity Act i o n Program
he was employed by t h e G e org ia
Pac i fi c C o rporat i o n i n Wo od land ,
Maine .
Dur ing t h i s p e r i od , from
1 96 6 - 1 9 6 9 he s e rve d as Cha i rman
of t h e board of d ire c t ors of t h e
Pas s amaqu o d dy C ommunity Program
whe n it was a d e lagat e agency o f
t h e Wash ingt o n C o unty R e g iona l
A c t i o n Age nc y .
W h e n he r e s igne d
from t h e Ge o rg ia-Pac i f ic C o rp
o rat i o n t o be c ome e x e cut ive
d i re c t o r of the d e le gat ed pro
gram , h e was a bo i l e r f ireman
e arning app o rx imat e ly $ 1 0 , 0 0 0
pe r year and had be e n e l e ct ed
v i c e pre s id e nt o f h i s Local o f
the A FL-C I O .
H e was e x e cut ive
d i re c t o r o f the d e le gat e d C om
mun ity A c t i on Program dur ing
1 96 9 , and C o- D i re c t o r of the
c urre nt LPA Program .
Among h i s
o t h e r re s pons ib i l it i e s , J ohn
St evens is a m e mb e r of the S tate ' s
Ind ian Educat i o n Adv i s o ry C om
m i t t e e , the Adv i s ory B oard of the
R oman C atho l i c D i o c e s e an D i v i s i on
o f I nd ian S e rv i c e s , an adv i s o r t o·:
t h e D i o c e s e o f P o rt land ' s Bureau · _
o f Human Re lat i ons ·, . . a re pre s e nt
at ive o n t h e . Governor ' s Task
Fo rc e of Human R i ght s , and i s a
m embe r o f t h e newly- formed N e w
England Reg i ona l C omme t t e e o f t h e
N at i onal Adv i s ory C ommette e on
P lann ing .
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * *
M i s s ing Boy
S t ill S ought
I ND IAN I S LAND- -E ight days aft e r he
was report e d m i s s ing , 10-year- o ld
Fl oyd N e ptune o f I nd ian Is land was
s t i l l ·b e ihg s o ught Monday n i ght as
a s earch head e d by Is land C ons ta
ble Wayne M itche l l c ont inued .
M i t che l l s a id the Pe nobs c o t
C o unty She r i ff ' s Off i c e had
s t o pped dragging the river and
was not us i ng d ivers be cause o f
poor v i s i b i l ity und e r the wat e r .
But he and c onstable Roger Ranc o
are s t i l l che ck ing the banks of
the P enobs c o t River whe re t h e boy
was be l i ev e d to have drowned .
Bangor Hydro-El e c t r i c Company
employe e s from the M i l ford plant ,
Fore s t ry S e rv i c e pers onne l and
flye rs out o f DeW i t t Fi e ld in Old
Town are als o wat c h ing for any
s ign o f the b oy , M it c h e l1 sa id .
Pre s e nt ly
l eads on the
i ng that a l l
the Old T own
checked .
t h e r e are no n e w
cas e , he added , say
vacant bu i ld ings on
v i c inity have · be en
( Bangor Da i ly N ews Oc t . 26 , 19 71 )
* * * * * ** � * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * *
WHAT D O WE HAVE
T O . BE THANKFUL FOR?
THE UN ITED AMERICAN INDIANS OF NEW
ENGLAND HAVE DECLARED THANKS GIVING
DAY 1971 TO BE A NAT I ONAL DAY OF
MOURN ING FOR NAT IVE AMERICANS AT
PLYMOUTH ROCK , PLYMOUTH , MASSA
CHUSETTS .
For More Info rmat ion Call o r
TALL OAK , P . O . B ox 1 54 ,
Write s
C harl e s t own , Rho d e I s land 02813
4 01- 364- 8 8 59 1 Frank Jame s �6 17-945
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I N D I AN C OLOR I N G B O OK
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HE ADBAN DS
H and b r a i d e d l e a th e r h e a d b an d s .
$1 . 0 0 e a c h - Maine I nd i an
N e w s l e t te r .
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the MA I NE
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H av e y o u s ome t h i ng t o s e l l ?
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pair .
H an d m a d e .
Send che c k o r
mone y o rd e r t o M a i n e I nd i an
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Summer 1971)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1971
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin (or Colby) College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
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pdf
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DV-451
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/43b73b2a5f39e2ccbe607bbb4e1c3763.pdf
b5b6c296d0a50cc8abd60270e8bc32e5
PDF Text
Text
m
VOWME 4,
A I � i
I H D I A n
NUMBER 2
MAY
1971
'GREEN CARD' BILL
DISTURBS INDIAN TRIBES
TOBIQUE, N.B. - In what was des
cribed as simply a "traditional meet
ing", Indian chiefs from various
tribes which make up the two great
Northeast nations, have met at the
Maliseet reservation near here to
discuss opposing a piece of u.s.
legislation which would abolish the
green card commuter system.
Sen. Edmund S.
uskie is sponsor
.
ing the bill and his office has been
contacted by Indian interests, ac
cording to Loomis Sappier of the
Maliseet Reservation.
Sappier said he had been told by
the "executive secretary" at Muskie's
office that the legislation would
be suspended until further consider
ations have been made in special
regards to the Indians.
In the subsequent meeting at the
reservations Saturday and Sunday,
the Indian chiefs from the Algonquin
and Iroquois nations, which straddle
the U.S. Northeast and Canada's mar
itimes and Quebec from the coast in
to the Great Lakes region, decided
that the Muskie legislation 'poses
no immediate threat' to Indian pri
�
vileges.
S appie r said that the Indian re
preeentatives were more helpful of
futlll'e legislation along the same
lines which would curtail the Indians
ancient rights 'to go where he pleases
in North America without regard for
the irlternat onal boundaries of white
•n·
In the Jay Treaty between the u.s.
d Canada, it was written that Ins should be free to cross the
�
border with their personal be
longings as they wished.
The reasoning behind the claus
was that Indians, as the or
iginal citizens of1either Canada
or the U.S., could not rightfulJ-:
be made subject to the white man·
boundaries, and were to be allow
ed the boundaries of their own
nations.
The Muskie legislation would
prohibit aliens from residing in
the u.s. for the purpose of work
ing with no intention of becoming
a citizen.
The reasoning for the bill is
that the current green card sys
tem allows thousands of Mexicans
and Canadaians to live and work
in the U.S. thereby increasing
unemployment, lowering pay scales
and boosting welfare costs.
The bill would further provide
economic assistance to border
areas where aliens could commute
to work while residing in their
natural nation.
The Indians, accord�ng to Sap
pier, feared that the Muskie bill
would infringe on their long hon
·ared rights to come and go as thE
They want the bill held
please.
up until special provision has
been made for them in line with
existing treati•s.
(From Bangor Daily News, 6/4/?l)
S�e page 15 for fur
(Ed. Notes
ther infonnat ·on on "this meetin�·
of the North American Tradition�
Unity Convention, held at Tobiq·
N.B. May 29 to Jlst.)
�2
of Lands on Kennebeck River. made
by Six Indian Sagamores, to Richard
Wharton, should be opened and ex
Conference and Trea � y of 1717
hibited to them, which was done
"The Conference between the Eng- and partly-Read, �nd Interpreted
lish representatives on the one hand to them."
Wiwurna replied, "As
far as the West side of the Ken-and the Kennebec, P enobscot, Ammarescoggin (Anasagunticook), and the
nebeck River I have nothing to
Pegwackit Indian tribes on the other, say, but am sure nothing has been
Sold on the East side."
This was
took place on August 9 , 1717 on Arunacceptable to the English, and
rowsick Island at Goerge Town.
The
the Governor answered,
"I ex�ect
conference itself lasted three days
their positive Answer and Complian
with the final treaty being drawn
ce in this matter, that the English
up and signed on the fourth.
The
conference is most interesting in
may be quiet in the posession of
that while on the first and second
the Lands they have purchased."
days of the conference the Indians
It is thus evident that the Inwere adamant in their clailils to much dians were gradually succumbing
to English pressure, but not entire
disputed lands, they completely rely.
versed their position on the third
day, giving in to every English deEarly the next morning the English Man of War was appearing to
mand.
Immediately the Indian�
set sail.
During the first two days of the
sent two men on board who "acknowconference the Indians' spokesman
was Wiwurna from the now extinct Ken- ledged the rudeness and ill man
ners they were guilty of on the
nebec tribe�
When Wiwurna welcomed
previous day, "and asked to con
English resettlement on Indian land,
The English
the English objected telling the in - tinue the conference.
agreed,
terprete r, "They must not call it .
their land, for the English have
Continued next issue.
bought it of them and their Ancest�
ors."
At this point the English of
x x x x x x x x x
x
x
fered to show deeds to prove their
claims.
The Indians voiced their object
THE
VISIT
ions to the English claims and1 with
drew to reconsider their position.
L 0 V E
A
R A M A
Upon their return for the afternoon
session on this second day, the
LAUNDRYMAT
tribes had reached two important de
cisions.
(1)
The Indians were willing to cut off their claim to land
when visiting the Penobscot
"as far as the M�lls, and the Coasts
Reservation at Indian Island
to Pemaquid."
( 2) The Indians all
near Old Town, Maine.
asserted that no land had ever bee"
purchased from the Indians, although
Maytag Machines - All New
some land had been "Alienated" by
way of.gifts made to the white �ett
Indian Owned and Indian run.
iers by the various tribes.
In answer to the first, the Eng
22 Center Street, Indian Island
lish Governor Dummer from Massachu
setts Bay, told the interpreters
Johfi Love, Proprietor.
"Tell them we dieire only what is
our own, and that we will have.
We
While your clothes are washing
will not wrong them, but what is our
and 'drying, why not visit the
In an
own we will be Masters of.·"
nearby Indian gift shops.
swer to the second Indian assertion,
ANOTHER GRIEVANCE
·
-
·
L'-
- -
""
- -- - ----
- --
-
�J
and comfort.
Great men shall be
put to rule, and the rulers shall
E D I T O R I AL-·sE c ·Tr: o N
be many1
each ruler will want all
the power over the others;
this
THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
the Great Spirit will call bad,
( Mrs . ) Eugenia T. Thompaon
EDITOR 1
and the Great Spir'i t will come among
them in the form of a man like unto
THE GREAT SPIRIT
themselves, and will stay among t
them, and teach them the way he
" • • • The growing season shall be
wishes them to live,
But their
the Red man's season.
The gatherlove of power will be so great they
ing season shall be the Black man's will slay the great spirit unto
season, and the cold season shall
death.
The Great Spirit will show
be the White man's season.
The sea- them that man hath not the power
sons were divided by the Great
to destroy him, and he shall arise
Spirit, and because the Red man obey-before the, and shall go up beyond
ed the first teaching given unto him,their reach.
His teaching to them
he shall
enjoy a pleasant one.
And shall be hard to understand because
because the Black man did not obey
they did not stop to listen to his
words while he taught them.
when told to look upon the earth
The
when he first opened his eyes, he
Great Spirit who is so good, will
shall always wait to follow the bid- show them that, revenge is not good.
ding of his brother;
and because
and he will let them occupy the Ja.n:
the White man wanted to stay on the for the purpose of mending their
land where he first opened his eyes ways.
He will only say to them
and wanted the Great Spirit to give
that He will never come to them
him all he beheld, the Great Spirit again in peace and that they shall
bade him go toward the setting of
not come to Him until they come
the sun.
The great Spirit saw that like little babes.
A line shall
the man he had made wanted the whole be d�awn between Himself and them-
world, therefore he sent him to
humiliation and obedience only will
The sweetness of the
chase the suni
when he comes to the save them.
great waters he shall make large
earth and love of power will desvessels, s o he can chase the sun ac- troy them.
Before the day of desross the great waters, because he
truction comes, this man shall have
wants all the worldi
he shall slay enjoyed all the power and possessior
he diesire, and he shall have tasthis broth e r because he wants all
ed the sweetness of the earth.
Wher.
things1
he shall sknow no one behe sleeps ae shall sleep on a bed
cause he w ants the power over all
The first born shall slay of flowers scented with roses, he
the earth.
need only reach forth his hand to
the next kindred to himself for the
Power grasp all things for his comforts
want of powe r and possession.
and possession shall be so sweet to he will draw things for his conven
him, that it will turn his nature to ience from the wat er, from the air,
disob e d i e nee1
even the first woman and from deep down in the earths
shall disobey the Great Spirit, and and the Great Spirit shall be look
for this is the time that
bring deat h unto mankind, - -who shall ing ons
He will the man is about to f o rget the death
be s e nt forth to seelc food.
of the Great Spirit--The man not
not heed the s ayings and warnings
of the Great Spirit but shall conhaving repented, is to dig a pit
tinu e in the ways that he likes, un- in the water, the air, and the eartt
wherein he shall fall.
After he
til the Gre at S pirit shall be s o p
shall have dug these pits, then the
provoked he will send a gre at rush
Great Spirit shall show the man His
of water, and all the bad shall be
He s hal l shake the earth,
powe r .
drowned,--but a few sav e d , who wil l
continue to live good , and shall in- because the substance of the water,
a ir, and earth have been d rawn out,
crease until they be like t he sand
and use d for comfort sake, and all
t the earths and shall be able to
a e 18 . )
ae all things for t h e ir c onv e nie m� ( con t in ue d on
�4
L E
to
the
T T E
R S
because I have been looking for it
since I read Kenneth Robert's no
vels many years ago.
E D I T 0 R
About every book up until Vine
DeLoria has been-authorized by and
published by - non-Indians - but
Dear Sira
c'est l'vive.
Please send me a copy of "The
Life and Traditions of the Red Man" P.S. Joseph Nicola would have beer
by Joseph Nicola for which I enclose my great grandfather.
Yours,
&J.OO. I am happy to see the newsMary Mahoney (Penobscot)
paper back in circulation and am en*
closing $5.00 to help keep it going.
I am also happy to see that we
Dear Mrs. Thompson,
I recently found out that you
are finally doing something about
Fres�rvi�g our language. I am study- are now printing another news.
letter. Enclosed please find $J.OC
ing it diligently and hope to be
for a subscription. r•ve really
b�e t? continue to do so. r am
3
still �ery interested in life on the missed reveiving the news from
home.
Island since I was born there and
Your newsletter is my only
love the memories I have from there.
Please also send me more information link to what's happening on Indian
Island. I haven't lived on the
on the Credit Union since I think
reservation since I was a boy.
this is also a good idea.
Furthermore, since my Uncle
Anxiously waiting to hear from
Jack (Bluejay) and my grandmother
you, I remain,
died, I seldom visit. (I hope to
Mrs. June (Rance) Lane
visit in June.
Springfield, Mass.
*
If there are any "Skeegins"
in the hite Mountain area tell
Dear Jean1
them to stop and say hello.
Enclosed please find enclosed
Sincerely,
check for $6.oo. $J.OO for the mvn
Ron (Sunny) Ranco
thly subscription of the Indian News
Indian Trail Gifts
letter and the other $J.OO is for
North Conway, N.H.
the book of The Life and Traditions
*
of The Red Man. Leslie always talk
ed·about his grand�ather writing this Dear Mrs. Thompsons
Thank you for your �ecent le
book but never could find it. I hope
he remembers some of the context of ter. I am unable to provide you
it. I am also interested in another with the infonnation you request.
book "The Indians of the Androscog I have taken the liberty of for
warding your letter to Mr. Irving
gin Valley by Charles M. Starbird,
Lewiston Journal Printshop 19 28. If Powless of the Onondaga Tribe in
New York, He may be able to assis
you can get one I would appreciate
you.
it. I am very happy the Maine In
If I can assist you in some
dian Newsletter is back in print.
other way, please write again,
Good luck and keep up the good work.
Sincerely f)Ours,
Sincarely,.
Leo W. Vocu, Oglala Sioux
Mrs. Leslie (Valentine) Ranco
Acting Executive Director
Indian Moccasin Shop
National Congress of American
Wells, �1aine
Indians
·
·
*
*
Dear Eugenie•
(Ed•. Note 1 This reply concerns
Glad to see you "back in print".
In7
A. N
Hope this new effort will be success-M�rtinwhoseeptune! Penobscot �till
case 1� conrt i �
di�n!
00
$5.
ful. Enclosing two checks
wait1�g for a �earin� on failing
for a subscription, and $J.OO for
)to report for induction. See MINL,
the book, Life and Traditions ••• (etc
.)
I feel I have a priority on this book Vol. 4, Number 1 for story
-
�(LETTERS
•
•
•
c ont. )
5
Eugenia•
Please send me the monthly Maine
Indian News letter to the ad d res s be
Enc l o s ed is a check for a re
low,
gular ( 3 .00) s ub s c ription and put
the balanc e toward s Martin Neptune ' s
court expens es .
Bes t regard s to
Martin , Ken and wish you s uc c es s
with the News letter.
S potted Eagle
All Indians Coalition
Box 3 73
NYC , NY
10022
Brothers & Friend s :
Enc l o s ing $).00 pleas e s end
me the Newsletter..
And pleas e
maybe y o u c an help me .
I was
brought up to believe I was des
cended from the Penobs c ot Tribe
but am having trouble trying to
trace back .
I have got t o S t o c k
bridge , Vermont about 1850 .
I
have written the town c lerk in
that t own three times and s ent
money for the fee but can't get
an answer.
Any help would be ap
.
*
preciated .
Dear Mis s Thomps ons
Red Fox
Your recent letter to the Indian
·Chief Medic ine Man
Rights A s s o c iation has been referr
N orth American
ed to me as Chairman of the Law Com
Indian Club , Inc .
mittee.
( Ed . Notes I d on't know of any
We deeply regret that we c an be
work that is being d one in the
We have
of no material as s is tance.
c ompilation of des cendents of Pen
limited financial res ourc es , and be
obs c ots.
The only advice �c ould
cause we have s o many c alls upon our
give at this time is to c heck in
As s oc iation to as s ist individual In
the census rec o rd s , whic h are be
dians in their s c ra pes with the crim ing maintained at the Department
inal law , we have a d o pted a policy
of Indian Affairs , in the State
which limits our as s i s tance to t�ibes House , Augus ta , Maine . )
*
or groups , s uc h as our help to the
Pas samaqu oddy in their land claims .
Dear Mis s Thomps ons
Our Law Committee sees no merit
Thank you for your telegram
in the legal po s ition taken by Mr,
of December 2 urging my s upport
Neptune .
He is a c iti z en , and mus t
for the action to return the Blue
be s ubject to all United S tates law ,
Lake lands in Kit Cars on Fore s t
wh ether he approves of it or not.
I appologiz e
to the Tao s Pueblo.
Old Treaties and c us toms , h owever
for the delay in my res ponse .
venerable , are rendered ineffec tive
A s you probably know by now:y
The
by s ubs equent A cts of Congres s .
the a c tion to return these land s
s uc ceeded , and t�e bill was s igned
•oraft Laws " maRe no exc eptions for
Penobsc o t Indians , as s u c h,
The Pen into law .
I wa� pleas ed to be
able to lend by s upport t o this
obs c ot Indians are not "Federaliz ed"
amendment , and I was very happy
Indians , and thus have n o overriding
that the S enate vote was favorable .
special privileges granted by the
Pederal Government .
Thank you for taking the time
to let me know of your s upport and
We wis h him well , but regret that
we are in no p o s ition to a s s is t him .
r- appreciated being ad
interes t,
vised .
Faithfully ymrs ,
S incerely ,
Leo T. Connor
Edmund s. Mus kie
Indian Rights Ass o c iation
United S tates S enato
1505 Rac e S treet
(Ed. N o tes
Other Penobs c ots ,
Philadelphia , Penn.
The J o hn Sapiel s , and the Mic hael
19102
Crawfo rd s als o s ent telegrams . I
(Ed. Notea I w ould like to refer
h o pe S en . Muskie wili help when
your Law C ommittee to Mad Bear's
ever we get around to as king for
Pindings , part of w hi c h will be rethe return o f Mount Katadhin . )
. inted on page ·a of this m onth• s
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�- 6 INDIAN V ALUES vs WHITE VALUES
WASH IN G TON, D.c. (AIPA)
Am erican Indians were called the "First
The following is from an article
environmentalists" at the opening
entitled "Indian Values and Atti
of Earth Week activities here.
tudes," printed in Smoke Sign al s ,
"There are no people more
a Newsletter put out by the St. Pau:
sensitive to our natural environ
American Indian Center.
ment than are Indian People·,"
remarked Rogers C. B. Morton, Sec
retary of the Interior, .to a group
!NQI!N_V�L!l,E_SX,S1:_E� ..
of educators from Indian boarcting
present oriented
and da;>' schools across the country. 1.
2. lack of time consciousness
Traditional Indian reverence �
for nature marked the theme of the
3
givine rather than saving
4.
respect for age
five-day meeting of educators for
an Indian Environmental Education
5. cooperation rather than com -�&
Workshop at the Bureau of Indian
petitiveness
Affairs here and Catoctin Mountain
6. harmony with na�ure
Park, Maryland.
lorton told the group that
!;!O�-lNQI!N_V!L!lE_S,XS!�
Indian history, religion and philo1.
sophy all reflect a oneness with
future oriented
nature.
2.
time conscious
3 . saving
He said environmental education
in nd an schools is an "exciting
4 . emphasis on youth
beginning" and will provide Indian
competition
5.
childre n with an "opportunity for
6. conquest over nature
.
Some interesting pointc
leadership beyond anything I've seen (Ed notes
to p nn d e r.)
or a long time."
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"Thi s is a forerunner of environTO PIC
THANKS
mental awareness to children across
the country," Morton said.
The MAINE IN DIAN NEWSLETTER was1
Miss Silma Victor, Chactaw,
run off on. the mimeogra�h machine
recently appointed as
orton's
Special Assistant for Indi an Affairspelonging to the Penobscot Indian
Corpbration, Inc.
praised' the BIA program as a means
Much thanks to their corporation
�f directing a new level of
for their cooperation.
environmental consciousness to the
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country through Indian people.
LIBRARY1ENLARGED= Indian Island;
Louis R. Bruce, Commissioner of
housed
Indian Affairs, said the e nvironm e n-The I ndian Island Library,
in the scho�l has beery greatly
P i s desig�ed
tal awareness program
Many addit10
enlarged th is sum�er.
to infuse an awareness of the
books have been'added, both old and
envir o nm e nt into traditional art,
Adu i t books as well as child•
new,
mathematics, english, history, and
Until now only 'children's
res's.
social studies, as well as in the
books could be found on the shelves
sciences, where it often rests."
many ad u lt
Bruce was asked how environmenta1 but with th� addition of
books it is. hoped that parents
awaremess could be infused in
and other adul t s will use the .
Indian children when they often
library and ta ke out books wpich
see their lands indi s c riminately
,
they might like to read.
destroyed by dam building and
Anyone h av ing books the� wish
s uperhi�hway construction.
to donate should contact S�ster
"We are taking steps to correct
Celestine, Indian Island.School,
that situation," Bruce r ema rked .
near Old Town, �aine
- Thomas Edward?
For more d, etails read the. next
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issue of The 'Maine ·Indian N ews lettt
Ed Note a
AIPA is tpe.American
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Indian Press Asso ciatio n .
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'INVISIBLE INDIANS' TO GET HELP
By Daviq Bright,
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City Deek
Kenneth Curtis and his staff on the
project.
As things stand now, the agency
will be set up through the Augusta
OEO office. Bangor-based, it will
provide an office and staff .who can
provide infGrmation and financial
assistance tG off-reservation In
dians to help them get adjusted to
the new life they seek when they
leave the reservation.
"Indians'WJJ.nt an educatinn, job
training, and other things white
We'll be able to
people can gat.
We'll know how
help them get it.
to help them apply and we'll be ablr
to get them emergency assistance to
pay rent and food bills until they
Mrs. McGrane saic
get established,"
"These are things the state owes
"We'r� not going
them." she said,
to go around soliciting money from
We'll
people and organizatinns.
e�ist to see that off-reservation
Indians are provided with the same
things the Depa rtment of Indian Af
While most Maine people ignore,
and others fret over, the plight of
Maine Indians, one smal l group of
Indians has been quietly working to
improve their plight.
They are concerned with the "invisible Indians,"
those living off Maine's three reservations.
The off-reservations Indians, who
make up the majority of the tribal
census have found themselves in a
unique position.
To the white man
they are still Indians, but to many
of their b rothers, they are white
•
They settle, uncertain, someplace
in the �iddle.
If, like many of the state• s population, they cannot find a job or
need financial help for another reason, even getting getting welfare
On the reservacan be a problem.
tion there is no problem, as a simple request to the Indian Agent will
bring results.
But those who have
fairs provides the Indians living
chosen to live off the reservation
on the reservations."
often run into problems.
Purdy and Mrs. McGrane feel the·
Basically, the people who have
Indian Affairs Department plays too·
the �oney, whether they be municiheavy on Indian culture and heri
pal welfare directors, the Departtage in it's handling of Indians.
ment of Indian Affairs or the DeCulture and heritage don't feed
partment of Health and Welfare, find
t easy to turn down off-reservation your kids,0 Mrs. McGrane said. " In
i
dian cultura doesn't mean starving
Indians.
They don't fit the dataand scraping in the dirt for your
gories1 they belong somewhere else.
You don't have to wear fea.
"Off-reservation Indians are heirs needs.
thers �o p;ove you're p�oud to be
to al l t�e rights and privileges of
an Indian
reservation Indians
granted to the
.
The agency is currently waiting
tribes in place of
the Indian
final approval .and fun�ing, and if
land �aken from them," feels Mrs.
.
·Phyllis McGrane, hersalf a Penobscot all goes well will be in operation
There are close to 390
living off the Indian Island Reserv- by August.
off-reservation Indians in the Banation.
9or ar7a alone -who �ould get immed"But unfortunately, many don't
i ate aid. Another six to seven hunknow what their right s are
or who
dred Indians in o ther parts of the
to turn to when in need of 1help.
sta e would also be affe ct ed
That's what our agency will do, it ' l l
Once we ge� people fed and on
be a clearing house for all off- re their way,'' .Mrs. McGrane said, "may
servation Indians,"
be they' l have time to worry abouf
The agency �'N3. McGrane refer s to
culture.
is one she and George Purdy, a Passrom the B angor Daily News,
amaqu oddy living in Bangor, h a�e ba!'l (F
une 1, 1971,)
working on fo r several months.
J
They
have trnveled often to Augusta and
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h�ve worked closely with Governor
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PAULINE s. SHAY
t reat ies made, or which shall be
made, under the authority of the
INDIAN ISLAND, Old Town, Ma ine
Uni t ed States, shall be the Supreme
Miss Pauline s. Shay, 78 , of In- Law of t he land.....
d � an Island, died at a Bangor hos2. (d.) All Indians with treaty
.
p1tal on May 21 following a long
� iv ing in the so-calle d territorial
illn:ss.
limits of the United States strong.
M1ss Snay was born at Watch Hill, ly and unan imously·oppose d the pa
sR.I., Aug. 23, 1892, daughte r of
sage of this Act, and still openly
Sabbatus and Margaret (Ranco) Shay. re gard it as Illegal!
She at t e nded scho ols in Rhode Is(e,) QUESTION1 If an Indian
land, Massachusetts, Old Town, and denounce s his so-called citizenship
at Hebron Academy.
of the Unit ed Stat e s, and pledges
She had operated a basket store
h is alleg iance to his own respect
.
on Indian Island for many ye ars and ive Indian Nation, is he deported,
had also boarded Indian children
and if so, to whe re?
and adults.
(f,) QUESTIONs Can a citizen
She was a membe r of Ind ian Is�
of the Un ited State s have a legal
land Bapt1st Church and a.reg iste r- treaty w ith his own Nat i on?
· (g,) The 1924 Citize nsh ip Act
ed membe r of the Penobscot Tr ibe of
Indians.
(re garding Indians) referred to
Survivors include one s iste r,
Ind ians, " • • ,within the territorial
Mrs. Viole t Francis, Indian Islands l imits of the United States • • • "
one brother, Leo Shay, Hampt on Be"J. Se ct, 2 of the U_,s. Presiach, Va. ; seve ral nieces and nep-·
dential Proclamation 2572, in rehews,
ference to the draft re adss " • • • an�
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it shall be the duty of eve ry male
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citizen of the United States
"
MAD BEAR"S FINDINGS
and it further statesa (In section
Ja of the said proclamation) "all
(Ed. Notes In respo nse t o lett e rs persons liable for training and
that were sent out to int e re sted
se rv ice shall be the followings
pe ople who could give adv ice , and
every male citizen of the United
information wh ich would help Mart in States or person who has declared
ijeptuee case , we received a lette r his inte ntion to become such a cit
'from the Indian Rights Assoc iait ion, izen.,,"
which is repr inte d on page 5. In
(a.) The above would only apply
orde r to unde rstand Martin's be liets to Indians who had accepted citizen·
portions of the se findings are re- ship in the United States by their
printed,)
own will or volition, or had made
"2,
The old argument that "In- a "declaration of intent" to become
dians are citizens of the United
such a citizen!"
States by virt ue of the 1i24 Cit5, These findings are not inizenship Act, and are thus subject tended to discourage Indians from
to the draft laws of the United
accepting cit izenship in the Un
States" is purely nonsense be causes ited States, voluntarily join ing
(a.) Force d Citizenship violat- the Arme d Forc�s o! the �nit7d States, or becoming conscientious
es Int e rnational Law.
(b.) Forced Citizenship violat- objectors", but rathe r to protect
e s our treaties and the sovereignty those Indians to whom it applies,
of our Indian Nations.
in order that the y may more fully
( c . ) Forced Citizenship violates e njoy their rights and privilege s€
Article 6 Sect i o n 2 of the Unit e d
"tre aty-Indians", whose only desire
is to live· ' in peace with all man
State s Constitution which re ads r
"This constitution and the Laws of kind. "
the Unite d States, which shall be
Mad Bear, Tuscarora Nation,
made in pursuance there of, and all
Iroquois Confederacy
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ON RESERVATION INDIANS EXEMPI' FROM TAXES
Maine Revised Statues, Title 36, section 6 54 (1) (c),
sta't=es..\. "The poll3 and.estates of the following person are
ex�pt' from ta.x�tionr· ··The polls and estates of only those
Indians who reside on tribal reservations," Furthermore,
Title 36, section 501 (1) readss "'Estates shall be construed
to mean both real estate and personal property."
Most people
have always taken this to apply to land which an Indian owns
or uses within the reservation.
But as a rereading of the
statute clearly reveals and as the legal section of the Maine
Municipal Association explained in their monthly magazine
during the winter of 1968
1 6 9 , this statute also exempts
all real and personal property from taxation anywhere in the
state of Maine, so. long as the Indian owner resides on one
of the three Reservations.
-
If you are an Indian residing on one of the three reserv
ations in Maine, and have erringly paid such a tax, the le
gisl�ture has provided a method by which you may make a claim
for a refund.
Title 36, section 504 provides that a person who has
inadvertantly paid such a tax to bring an action against the
municipality in the Superior Court, in the same county,
"and the person shall recover the sum not raised for a le
gal ob j ec t, with 25% interest and oosts, and any damages
whic h he has su stained by reeeon of mistakes, errors or om
missions o f suc h o ffic ers."
In a c tual prac tic e, people who have had such taxes
c o llected wrongfully have been able to obtain a refund.
There are court cases �hich have b�en favorable on this
point-as well.-· One· in· particular is an old case, Foss vs
Whitehou se 94 Me. 491, 48A,109, heard in 1901 in which the
Maine Supreme Judical Court held that when a tax collector
demanded and received from a tax payer more than was due,
and more than appears to be due according to his lists, he
must refund the excess to the tax payer, even though he has
paid the amonnt into the town treasury.
This does not mean you must not pay the tax in question.
On the other hand, if you
If you wish to pay it, you may.
qualify for the exemption, and feel you can not afford to
give your money away, then it appears senseless to do so,
Written by
Kenneth c. Thompson
Attorney at Law
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KA IANE REK OWA
The lineal
desc ent o f the people of the Five Nations shall
the female line. Women shall be considered the progenitors
They shall o wn the land, and the soil.
Men and
of the Nation.
women shall follow the status of their mothers.
run in
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THE C OMMUNICATIONS GAP
What L i fe M ight Be l ik e
I f There Had Bee n No C omm
unications Gap Betw e en
Co lon ist and I nd ians
Bys
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The Bound ing Elk
Of Tha Turtle Clan
Once upon a t ime , R e n e '
Robert Caval ier , S ie ur d e La
Sa lle , the now famous Fr ench
explorer, was a passe nger in a
B irchbark canoe be ing paddle d
westward a long t h e S outh shore
·or Lake i'Jlichigan by four Abenaki
Ind'.ans.
It was a pleasant summe r
day somet ime in tne early 1600's
in a part of t he cont inent claim-
e d by France as New France , later
c al l e d C anada .
Now o f course ,
the are a l i e s w ith in the j ur is
d ict ion o f the U n i t e d S tates of
Ame r ica .
The four Abenak i Ind i an :
paddl e rs were t ak ing La.S al le t o
the port age b e tw�en the lake and
the Il l i no is R iver , a Route wh i ch
wou ld e v e nt ual l y carry h i m t o
his famous d iscovery of t h e M iss
iss i p p i R ive r , and al low h im t o
cla im t h e m idd l e port ion o f what
is now k nown as " lou is iana" in
t h e name of K ind Lou i s of Franc e .
Actually , the Ind ians, knew
about t he p lace a ll along , or
t h e y could not have t ak e n h im
t here , but the y d i dn't count ,
so LaS a lle d iscover e d it anq be
came famous .
N e e dlass to day , LaSalle
d i dn' t talk much Algonqu ian
language , eve n of the A benak i
d iale ct,
L i k e wise , h is padd l e rs
knew a l i t t l e fren c h , gut not
much.
The commun icat i ons gap
was r e al , but t h e y w e r e able to
make a go 0£ i t for seve ral thou
sands m i les of c anoe paddl ing ,
wh ich speaks w e ll for t he i r at t
e mpt t o commun i c at e.
We know , however, tnat
somet h i ng was lost in t ranslat i on
because we can e xam i ne the Abenak i
I nd i an words used above which
have come into our language toda.y
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and see what they actually mean ,
and t ry to imag ine how t he m is
unde rstand ing came about
Wh ile t he �ale we sp in here
may be apo c ryphal , at b e st , there
is a great deal of fac t ual mat er
i a l in it .
Only t he inc idents
are dev ised .
Cast your m inds back , i f
you w ill , t o that ple asant
summer day when LaSalle asked
t he I nd ian behind h im , the owner
of t he ·canoe , what he called t he
ve ssel in wh ich they were t ravel
ing
Finally get t ing t he message
across o f what t h e bearded French·
man wanted-�. to know , the A benaki
canoeman looked at his old fre igh·
t canoe , const ruct e d s e v e ral �
spr ingt imes earl i e r , and replifJ<i
"en-ga'h-nool(my old boat ) , " wh=
ich LaSalle du i t i fU l ly wrote down
as he he ard i t , "c-a-n-o-e, "
Now i f the re truly hAd been
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no commun i c at ions gap , there woulc
have been no need for t he quest io1
But i f the Ind ian had t ruly
understoodth e question and t he
r�ason for its be ing asked , he
m ight have replied d ifferently.
He may have g iven the stan
dard Algonquin term for canoe�
nah-gwe-e-den (my f loater) ana
the whole course of h istory might'
have be e n changed , includ ing the
name of tne popular line of im
ported men"s a ft e r-shave toilet
er ies,
Camps would be stag ing
"Agweeden rac es" instead of caMd'
races and t he boy scouts would
be awardingAgweeden Merit Badges,
Wdnder what it would be i f
t he can� .1ad been brand new 1
ie�
T he Ind ian would have repl
boat) . "
"en-be-e-loo l(my new
.
paddling
Ho� would you l ike to be
"canoe?
a "b i loe " instead of a
ned,
It would have happe
group
Paddling onward, t he
e st ern Shore
caughtsight of the W
LaSalle• c
o f La.ite Mich igan , which
e,
cou rse had never seen befor
that the
and remeber, please,
( C-of.l't inl11ed· -1 -.·page .M • · ).·.- i; .• · .. ·•
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(THE COMMUNICATIONS
cont.from p 10)
four Abenak_i Ind ians were from no
thern New England, called by the
French, Acadia, and also claimed by
them.
So to the paddlers, that distant shore was a foreign country,
even
hough it was occupied by Al
gonquins.
Not only was it foreign,
but because it was not home, it was
a place to be held in comtempt be
cause of their own national prid@.
Now, we must inject an under
standing of Algonquian, particular
ly Abenaki Indian, humor, by saying
th�t i� is regularly "smutty".
No
thing Jis so funny to an Indian as
a good d irty joke, unless it is
playing a good dirty practical joke
on some unsuspecting wa- y-nooch
(foreigner) who doesn't get the
joke,
Our explorer, monsieur de la
alle, excitedly asked the Indian
in front of him what he called that·
land ftover yonder."
There can be no d oubt that the
other Indians �early split their
sides with hilarious laughter as the
padd ler replied , "mi-j-i-gun"(feces),
Oblivious to �he joke played
on all subsequent North Americans,
particularly on the resid ents of t
that great state, LaSalle jotted t
.the word d own as he heard it, "m·t�· ·e-h- -g-a.-n."
The joke's on �s,
and it's a joke that survives today
e.mong Abenaki Indians (and that�s
a true fact).
(Continued in June's is!rue)
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THE-DAM.WATER
"I went down to the dam to
ask the d am man if I could have
some dam water.
The dam man said
I couldn•t\·havs any dam water, so
I said to the dam man, 'You can
keep your d am water.• So the dam
man kept his dam water.•
As told by Adrian Loring and
Rodney John Francis (Penobscots),
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PLACE
From the back of my mind there is
a place
A place where there is all love
no hate
A place that has no cars, roads,
cities, -industry-pollution
A place where the sun shine never
stops
A place where my people, the In
dians can live once more without
being put on a reservation
A place where we can roam free
A place for you and me.
by
a Penobscot Indian
Denise Mitchell
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CENSUS OF THE PENOBSCOT TRIBE OF
INDIANS AS COMPILED BY THE TRIBAL
COMMITTEE ON FEBRUARY 11, 19 71,
AT INDIAN ISLAND, MAINE.
Number of persons on the census
list of 19 71••••••••••••••• :.s2a
Number of births during the
year••••••••••••••••••••••••• ,lJ
Indian women added by marriage.�1
Members not previouslympcrted, ••6
Children added by adoptio�·:·:•lO
Members lost through inel1g1b1litY••••••••••••••····· ········o
�
Members abandoned by tr1be •••••• o
Deaths during the year••••••••••6
Increase in the tribal member•
ship,••••••••••••.••••••••.•••• •
Number of persons on the list
during 1970 •••••••••••••••••• 795
Inactive list •••••• ,'•.••••••••• 1,26
Absentees •••••••• , •••••••••• , ••• 0
Reinstatea ••••••••••••••••• , •••• o
Marriages, both parties Indian•• 2
Marriages, Indian and White ••••• 4
Voted
that people not repor�
i�g for year or longer b� put on
inactive list and there would be
no more absentees on the active l�
JO days residence would be requir·
ed to bo reinstated on the active
list.
I hereby certify that the fo
going Census List is oorr�ct as
lContinued � on page 12.)
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(Ce nsus
continue d from page 11.)
reporte d by the Pe nobscot C ommitte e
of the Penobscot Indians on Thurs
day, Fe b. 11, 1971.
Governor Francis Ranco
Witness to Signature
James H, Mur�hy , Notary
Public , Commission e xpire s
January 19, 1973
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$200,000,000 FOR NAVAJOS
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FROM PEABODY COAL MINING
By Wi lliam H
•.
Keste rt
Peabody C oal Co . o f St.Louis isn't
go ing to mak e the Ar izona dese rt
e xactly blo om, but the $200,000,00C
it will pay the Nava j o and Hopi
Ind i ans will go a long way..
T he Penobscot Tribal Committ e e
c o nsiste d of the foll owing members
T hat is the amo unt o f royalty and
that w e re prese nt on the above date i wages Pe abody e xpe cts to pay t he
tw o tr ibe s to m i ne coal on the ir
land for the ne xt 35 ye ars .
G overn or Franci s Ranco, Lt . Gove r
nor Frank Loring , Commiss i o ne r o f
The lease s with Pe abody require it
Indian A ffairs , James Murphy, T he
to ope rate in a sa fe and workman
re s a Sne ll , Paul ine Love, Be atr ice
like manne r and av oid waste o f the
Ph i ll ips, Rita Dana , Franci s Mit
chell, N i cho las Sap i e l , Wilfr ed Peh land .
They state that Peabody must re t u7
rs on , John Sapie l , M i chael Ranco .
Black Me sa to.the tr ibes " in as
Thre e me mbe rs we re not pre se nts
go od condit i o n as re ce ive d , e xce pt
Irv ing Rance , Gle n Lo lar , and Dan
for ord inary we ar, te ar and d e ple�
ie l Mitche ll.
tion incid ent to mining ope rationL
(Ed. note s
So once aga in we know
t
The company ' s plans have b e e n ap
wh o's who and who's not
J
proved by the Navajo and Hopi co*
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unc ils , the Bureau o f Indian Af
fa irs and the u�s. Ge o logical Sur(Ed. note s
the following adv e rtise vey .
Whene ve r feasible , P eabody plans
me nt was tak e n fro m the Lad i e s Home
to divert surface run- o ff wate r
Journal, January 1971 issue . For
so the final mining cuts can be
)
those who like to pre te nd read o n.
u s e d to cre ate lak e s , which will
se rve as reserv o irs for cattl e and
WHO OPEE
\
othe r animals in that arid country
.
Any tiny ch i e f will give a
who op and a ho llar over th i s 6 - fo o t Pe abody continue s to explore the
wigwam set.
Assemble s e asilya pole s reservatio n for additional coal
d e p o s its.
�re rubbe rcapped to prote ct flo ors .
(From S t . Louis Post Dispatch,
Includes rubbe r tomahawk , bow and
arrow , he addre ss, and "pe ace " pa int . January 26, 1971.)
Ke e ps youngste rs on the fun path for
(Ed . notei
Pe abody Coal Co, oug�t
$J.98 plus
hours, while you re lax.
to take the ir �one y and teach t�
62¢ for p ostage
Ord e r from Spartan
res ide n ts o f Los Angeles and Ph��
Sales, Yonke rs, N.Y.
ix a b o ut curbing pollution and
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preserving na ture .
It s e ems tha�
the de adline is near for all of u:·
to regain this basic understandin1
NOTE
o f our relationship with nature,
ft
If you wish to continue receiv to st op the iving and s t art thri
ing. It is ele ar that nature· is
ing the Maine Indian Newsle tter,
overburdened with useless wast e r
.
send i n the subscription, blank and
and could cease support o f mankir.'
y our check or money o rd e r . o r cash.
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g
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�HOW
INDIANS HUNT DEER
By B il l Ge agan
13
t he swo llen c arcas s o f a be l ly
d r i l led buck , he s a id sad ly 1 M Th is
i s the c rue l and was t e ful re s u lt
( C ont inue d from Apr i l ' s i s s ue . )
o f tyr ing t o cat ch a d e e r l "
Sylve s t e r and all of my other
ne cks o f two d o e s fo l lowed by the
Ind ian fr i e nds agre e t hat " pus s y
amaz ingly l ong neck of a very cur
foot " s ta lk i ng is pretty muc h a
i ous buck appe are d above the tall
was t e of t ime and e ffort . T he
gras s l it t le more than a canoe len wh itet a i l , t he y c la im , can eas i ly
gth away .
hear o r s c e nt the app�oach o f the
The buc k , a bulle t t hr
ough the throat, was e as i ly -mine ,
mos t sk i lled hunte r and s l ip qu i e t
and N e e dahb e h laughed .
" You d idn ' t l y away far ahead o f h im . And they
be l i ev e me d id you? M he s a id .
" It ' s po int out t hat many t ime s the d e e r
my own l it t le t r i c k and it w i l l pay
won ' t make t he e ffort to sneak away .
off almos t eve ry t ime in the right
but w i l l l i e curled and qu i e t in
s itua t io ns ! "
the midday be d and let t he brus h
He was r i ght ,
When u s e d c or
break ing hunt e r pas s .
re c t ly and in i d e a l s i tuations , h i s
!'poo f of a l l t h i s was revealed
method has brought many d e e r to my
s eve ra l years ago by a s tudy c on
duc t e d at the Cus ino W i ld l i fe Ex
gun .
The be hav ior o f the wh i t e ta i l
p e r ime ntal S tat ion in M i c h i gan , in
i s c ontr o l l e d by hab it and curos ity a 1 � i ghfenc e d s q uare - mile of mixed
alm o s t to the po int of s tupid ity .
fore st . Thirty-nine d e er-seven
Like a t r i c k l e o f wat e r , the s e d e e r
buc ks , fourt e e n doe s, and e ight e e n
fo l low the pa.th o f l e a s t re sistan c e fawns -we re re leas e d there , and s ix
ge n e ra t i o n a ft e r gene rat ion u s ing
expe rienced hunt e rs were a s k e d t o
the s ame o ld t r ials , c ro s s ings ,
t ry t o locate the� . - It requ i re d
drink i ng plac e s , and ope n ings t hr
four days o f care ful s earc h i ng t o
ough barr i e r s , natural and manmad e .
s e e a s ingle buc k l · Dur ing a c on
And the y w i l l go a l l-out to inv e s t
t inu ing four-year pe r i od w it h at
leas t thirty-four d e e r w i t h in the
igat e the unus ual .
fe nc e d m i l e , t he be s t s i ghting re
T n e Ind i a n i s we l l aware o f
cord by ve t e ran stalk e rs was four
all t h i s .
By tak ing full advantage
t e e n hours to get w ithin ' shoot ing"
o f s u c h we akne s s e s , along w i th h i s
inf i n i t e pat ience and c ompl e t e know range o f any an ima l , inc lud ing fawn£
and fifty-one hours to locat e one
ledge o f the natural environment,
buck .
he is t h e mos t s u c c e s s fu l of a l l
In a s im i l iar pro j e ct in S outh
d e e r hunt e rs up in the Northe ast.
Dakota , re s earche rs attached a ra
The Ind ian hunts mostly by the o ld
d i o trans m itt e r to a buc k s o that
ada ge that "e v e ryt h ing come s to he
t hey might follow h is movement s ,
who wa i t s , " but , e x c e pt during the
and eve n t i e d bri ght-orange s t re am
day- l ong act iv ity of the rut t i ng
e rs through h i s e ar tags to help
s &as on , h i s v i g i l s are kept on ly in
the hunt e rs s e e h i m . The e x p e r i the e arly mor ing and whe n the day
� me ntal buck wa s then re l e as e d in
is o l d .
A no c t urnal animal, t he ·
the S l im But t e s are a .
Five s eas on•
d e e r s le e ps curled in c o n i fe rous
ed hunte rs fa i le d to f ind even a
t h i cke t s be twe e n s uc h pe r iods , e s
t rac e of the animal in s e v e n days
pe c ia l ly o n t ho s e days o f s evere
of cautious pr ow ling .
c o ld , ra in , s nows t orms , and high
T hre e ot t h e hunt e rs were then
w ind
e s e nt int o t he e xact area whe re the
S ylve s t e r Franc is saids . "�her
rad i o beams s h owe d t he buck t o be
are two s t r ik e s on the hunt e r who
l o c a t e d . A care ful bush-t o-ilow
i e s to c at c h d e e r napping -who
tr
d owns earch s e a rc h from dawn to d u s k
s at
tak e s fas t and d if fic u l t shot
fa i le d to pro d u c e the s ight or s ou�(
And whe n in Ma ine ' s
flying flags . N
o f the t e s t d e e r .
All fiv e hunt e rs
ous region one day we
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vas t N icat
upon t wo d e e r , one a bad ly
wound e d d o e and dying , and lat e r
came
went
int o act i on the ne xt day with
( c ont inued on next page )
�14
c o nt . from page 1 3 . )
( How I nd i a.n s
t h e rad i o- b e am i ng h im i n pre c i s e ly.
But eve n then t he d e c orat e d buck
was n ' t l o c at e d unt i l the s e ar c h e rs
we re c o m i n g out in the e ve n in g , and
one o f t h e m nearly s t umb l e d ov e r
h im c u r l e d t i ght und e r � bru s h h e a p .
T he I nd ians a l s o ins i s t , and
have many t ime s d e mons trat e d t o my
pope y e d ama z e m e nt , t hat wall ing i s
much more s u c c e s s fu l i f t he hunt e r
t ak e s advant age f o t h e d e e r ' s f i e r c e
c u r i o s i t y and ins t e ad o f pus s y f o o t
i ng , c ra s he s s w i f t ly al ong through
Appare nt ly c onv inc e d
the b rus h .
t�a t it i s n o t be ing s talk e d b y man
or natural pre d at or , it o ft e n wa i t s
o r c i rc l e s qu i e t ly ba ck t o ge t a
l o ok at t he a.pproac h i ng no i s e make r .
T h e r e qu i r e m e nt s for s uc c e s s are
fas t e ye s and a fas t gun .
T h i s bru s h - c ras h i ng , l e a f- ra t
t l ing , twig- E?a p p ing pro c e dure , I
have l e arne d ove r t he y e ars , v e ry
o ft e n pro•uc e s d e e r for hunt e rs d ur
i ng p e r i o ds of s ev e re drought whe n
t he w o o d s a re e x treme ly br i tt l e .
Wh i l e o n a j aunt f o r d e e r i n
N ew B ru ns w i c k , a v e ry o ld M i cmac
c a l l e d o nly " Old I z aak " d em o n s t rat
e d c o nv i n� i ngl y what a pus h o v e r t h e
wh i t e t a i l i s for t h e unus ua l .
Old
I z aak had a .. ca l l " he had mad e and
H i dd e n in a c e da r t h i c k
swore by .
� t . we l o o k e d d own a we l l-worn run
way tw i s t ing out o f a d e ns e s pruc e
My Ind ian fr i e nd ra i s e d t h e
swamp .
c a l l t o h i s w i t h e r e d l i ps .
He bre at h e d e a s i ly i n t o the
l it t l e i n s t rume nt a nd a s o ft pla i n
t iv e c ry s ound e d t hrough t h e fo re&
Aga i n and a ga in at 1 0-minut e int e r
And f i na l ly ,
vals he s ound e d i t .
w i t h in a hal f h o u r , a v e ry large
and i n qu i s i t iv e d o e w i t h t w o fat
fawns c ame fn>m the s wamp- - e ye s bul.
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ging l ik e har d - b o i l e d e ggs , ne c k s
O l d I z aak ' s b o ny
out s t r e t c he d .
brown hand pus h e d d own my r i fle .
We l e t t h e m pas s .
C a l l i ng a ga i n
and wa i t i ng l o ng , w e s ud d e n ly s aw
a f ine b u c k b o unc e from t he s wamp ,
paw fur
run a l it t l e h a l f c irc l e
i ou s ly , t h e n w it h l e gs s raw l e d and
ne c k e x t e nd e d , s tare f i e rc e ly i nt o
H e was c l o s e and t he
our l o c at i on .
c h e s t s ho t was e as y .
·
p
T h e I nd ian s a i d t he l i t t le
c a l l e r had br o u gh t many d e e r t o
h i s gun , and in nor t h e r n Que b�
it s urpr i s e d h im by als o att ract
Whe n I le ft
ing fox e s and w o lve s .
for h ome
he mad e me a pre s e nt o f
I s t i l l u s e i t and it s t i l l
it .
produc e s d e e r for me and m y white
hu nt e r f r i e n d s .
T h i s c a l l , �r c a l l e r , i s a s im
Anyb ody can make
ple arran gem e nt .
I c ons i s t s o f two - J!- inch
one .
p i e c e s of wh i t e c e dar , ! - in c h wide ,
b o t h s have d d own t o a i t- inch l o ng
o p e n i ng in the c e nt e r . A p i e c e o f
t - in c h e l a s t i c i s s t re t c he d t i ght
b e twe e n the p i e c e s o f wood , the
e nd s of wh i c h are gro oved a b it
f o r s t out thre ad wh i c h b ind s them
t ight ly t og e t he r .
I have· u s e d t h i s ama z i ng l i ttle
gad ge t on many o c c a s i o n s o� r the
ye ars , c a l l i ng in nume rous d e e r ,
as we l l as re d fox e s , a few bob
c at s
arld
c rows ,
otter ,
and nume rous
The s o und
gray and red aqu i rre l s .
it mad e s is unl ik e anyt h ing I have
Pr o p e rl y us e d , it i s
e v e r h e a rd .
far and away the be s t at t ra c t or o f
t h e wh i t e t a i l d e e r I have e v e r
Ev e n bet t e r t h an Ne e dahbe h '
known .
�ad d l e - d ragging t r i c k
. ( C ont inu e d in next mont h ' s i s sue . )
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PEN OBS C OT LANGUAGE LES S ONS
W ig-wum
Kah-gunn
Dow- s ah-gunn
Dow-bo o d i
Dow-e pp-pood i
S upp-ka - d e h
Wau l-ah-d e h
M i t - s o o -d i
Nus - s ah-quak
Em-qun
Wah - ba - k o o s
Dum-he :.gunn
T�·b i
Bah-qah
Gul-ah-bab i
Muc k- k e e -kun
A h-gwe -dun
Tah-haw-gun
Lodge
Door
Wind ow
C ha i r
Tab l e
S t ov e
Dish
Fork
Kni fe
S po on
Pa i l
Ax e
Bow
Arrow
R o pe
F i s.h hook
Canoe
P ad d i e
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�----- · -
-
· -- - �
A V IEW T OWARDS IND IAN ISLAND
··
It i s
pr i s t ine
appar e nt ly
across
t he gre e n bridge
on a c o o l day
in spr ing .
The Churc h s
S t , Anne ' s ,
lo oks a part o f i t , . ,
a t oy v illage
and a good p lac e ,
Cro s s i ng
change s t hat ,
The s t re e t s w ind in agony ,
and a s c re am
o f shame ,
our . s hame ,
i s eve rywhe re .
I cannot go
as a t ouris t ,
Eve n the t re e s ask me ,
' Why have you c ome ?
What c an you d o for us ? '
Wooden c ro s s e s
s e t crooked
i n the graveyard
re j e c t me .
I go back qu i ck ly ,
but I c annot forge t ,
I !!!!! t he �trange r he re ,
and I l ive on s t o le n gro und .
*
S ubm i t t e d by 1
T he od ore Ens l in
( From The Aro o s t o o k Ind ian , May 19 7 1 )
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WEDD INGS
Just in Lo la , Pas samaquoddy ,
and Caro l Dana , Pe nobs c ot were
marri e d by Chi e f· J ohn S t e � ens ,
at Pet e r Dana Po int on May 22 •
1 9? 1 .
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Mart in A . Nept une , Penobs cot
and Kathy Fearon , we re married
May 1, 1 9 ?1 , on Ind ian Is land ,
by Ke nne th Th omps on , Jus t ic e o f
Peac e .
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N ORTH AMER ICAN T RA D IT I ONAL
UN ITY C ONVEN T I ON
The N orth Ame r ican t rad it i on
al un ity c onve nt i on me t at T o b iq
N . B . , Cana da , at Ma l i s e e t Re s e rv �
on the las t thre e days i n May .
A Unity Caravan w i l l fol low in
July .
The Purp o s e o f the oo nve nt ior
i s to he lp unite the N � rt h Ame r
ican Pe ople . The thr� • day c on
vent i on is to bring t o ths d e le
gat e s an und e rs t and ing o f t he
nat ive re s pons ib i l it i e s t o the
T op i c s we re d is cus s e d for�
Lnad .
mal ly and informal ly �n how the s
re s pons ib i l it i e s w e re wre s t e d a
way from the nat ive pe•pl e ove r
t h e c e ntur i e s . How t o rega in t h
dut ie s , the way o f l i fe , e t c .
were d i s cus s e d .
" Th e land is not ours t o d o
w ith as we w i l l s we h 9 l d it in
trus t for our unbo rn c h i ldren . "
A c lo s e r aware ne s s o f t r ibal
proble ms , an ident ity � f brothe r
h o od , an image o f Ind ianne s s , ar.
a unity o f fe e l ing we � the mark•
o f the gathe ring .
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�16
IAND OF FOUR D I REC T I ON S
by
FRED E R I C K J OHN PRAT S ON
as t h e y pre f.e r t o be c a l l e d , t o
t oday ' s world .
" LAND OF THE FOU R D I RECT I ONS
i s a me s s age from _ t h e Ind ian peoT h e c onc e pt for t h i s book evo lv e d
p l e wh i c h s ays ' Lo o k at m e
I am
an I nd i an and damn we l l proud o f
wh 7 n , on r e t u�f'.l i ng h ome , I found my
i t . ' " - A ndrew · N i ch o las , J r . , Ex
fr i e nd s unab le t o c ompre h e nd t h e
l i fe o f an I nd ian or t he fac t t hat
e c ut ive D i re c t or , Un i on o f N e w
many I n d ians l ive in nearby Ma i n e
Brunsw i c k I nd ians .
and N ew Brunsw i c k ,
T h i s l e d t o my
Fre d e r i c k J ohn Prat s on not only
c onc lus i o n t hat no amount of ve rb i has capture d a c and id g l imps e o f
age c ou ld t ru ly pre s e nt t he I nd ian
the Ind ian i n text and phot o , but
and h i s c ond i t i ons .
Ins t e ad t h e I n- has p l e d ge d ha l f h i s rayalt i e s t o
T . R . I . B . E . , Inc . , a n e x pe r imental
d i an mus t s h ow h ims e l f , h i s c ommuni t y , and h i s way of l i fe thr� ugh
s �h o o l in Bar Harb o r , Ma ine , for
p i c t ure s .
T h e word s must c ompleme nt , T e ach ing and R e s e arc h in B i -Cu lturbut n o t d e t rac t from , t h e phot oal Ed u c at i on .
graph i c e x pe r i e nc e .
Mr . Prat s on is a fre e lanc e photoI f t h i s book g ive s the non- Ind i an graph e r who l ive s i n N o rth S c i tuate ,
a d e e pe r und e rs t and ing o f h i s I nd i an Mas s . , w i th h i s w i fe , Pat r i c ia , and
ne i ghbo rs it w i l l have a c h i ev e d it s
H i s prev i ous
the i r four c h i ldre n .
goal . '
work : inc lud e s c ont r i but i ons t o varS o Fre d e r i c k J ohn Prat s on ex pla i ns i o us magaz i n e s and ph o t o graph i c
c re d i t for T h e G e o l ogy o f A cad ia
t h e ge ne s i s o f LAND OF FOU R D I RECT I ONS , wh i c h was publ i s h e d on NovemNat i ona l Park ( C hatham ) .
be r J , 1 97 0 , ( $7 , 9 5 ) by t h e C hat ham
( V i k ing Pre s s , I nc . , 6 25 MadPr e s s , I nc , 1 d i s t r ibut e d by V i k i ng ,
i s on Avenu e , N e w York , N . Y . 1 0 022,
.
w i t h i nt roduc t i ons by J o hn S t evens
2 1 2 P la z a 5-43 3 0 ) Mr . Prat
te l
and A nd re w N i c h o las ( 12 8 page s w i t h
s o n and t h e two Ind ian C h i e fs are
ava i la b l e for rad i o and t e l ev i s ion
ove r 1 0 0 pho t o graph s ) .
"LAND' OF FOU R D IRECT I ONS i s a d o c - appearanc e s �
C o ntact Jame e Tuc ker .
illn e ntary e x pe r i e nc e amo ng t he Pas s amaquod d y , Mal i s e e t , and M i cmac t r*
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i b e s o f Ma ine and N ew B runsw i c k .
S KETCHES OF OLD T OWN
It -i s e nd ors e d ·b y t h e I nd i ans t h e m
. by
. s e lve s , a rare h o no r for a wh i t e
· . ma:n ' s work
DAV ID N ORT ON , E s q .
Ch l e f Pe t e r Bar l ow , o f t he C anaS ome t ime in the lat t e r part o f
. d ian I nd ian I s land · R e s e rvat i on , b e .
l ie v e s t hat v e ry few me n are a-s s e r- t h e e i ght"e e nt h ' c e rit ury ,' .j ohn Marsh
appe are d h e re , or , as s ome author
i ou s about the I nd ians as Fre d e r i c k
i t i e s s ay , i n 1 77q, and· mad e a s e�
Prat s on .
" V e ry few wh i t e me n have
t l ement at t h e foo t o f Mars h I s land ,
be e n abl e t o .. � c apture t h e I nd ian way
. o f l i fe · and t hought as i t i s t od ay
and l ive d for s ome ye ars in int im·
at� and , fri � nd ly re lat i ons w i th t he
und e rs t and i ng and know le dge o f
my pe o p l e and I t h i nk t h i s i s won� . . . �nd i ans , l e arn ing t h e i r language ,
ariP fre qu e nt ly act i ng as an int e rd e r fu l . "
H i s deportme nt
pre t e r for t he m .
H e r� are t h e i r h om e s , t h e i r c h i was s u c h as t o w in the i r · unbound ed
l d re n , t h e i r pa i n , · and the·i r c e l e bT orn b e twe e n a proud anc e s - c on f i d e nc e , and for favors ·be s t owed ,
rat i on .
and s e rv i c e s r e nd e re d t o them , they
t ra l he r i t age and t h e s harp aware P
pro p o s e d t o make h i� a l ibe ra l c om
f t h e i r s·e c ond-c las s · c i t i z e nne s s o
s h i p , · t h e y are ang e r e d by broke n pro-pe n s at i on , and a ff i x e d the i r marks
t o · an i n s t rume nt , wh i c h was re pre
Po s t m i s e s and o bs o le t e : 'po l i c i e s
s ent e d t o t h e m as be i ng a · pe t it i on
e rs · ·o f G e r o n imo � t·he s e i z ure o f A lt o t h e Ge ne ra l C ourt o f Mas sachu
c a t raz , t h e pro l i fe rat i on o f Ind ian
Powe r e m b l e ms s igni fy a n e w m i l i tan- s e t t s , t o grant t o Mars h , a lot o f
cy , c o nne c t ing " T h e Pe ople " , · as t h e y land upon t h i s i s land - but whe n
•I\ ;
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c ont . )
( SK ET CH ES
the d o c ume nt re a c h e d i t s d e s t ina
t i on , i t was a s c e rt a i n e d t o be a
pe t it i o n i n the f o rm o f a d e e d , for
the grant of t he wh o le of the i s
land . - I n c ornp l i anc e ' w it h · the t e rms
o f the pe t it i on , t he S t at e made the
grant , and from that t ime forth the
is land has o bt a i ne d , and s t i l l b e ars
the iname of Mar s h Is land .
Wh e n t h e Ind i ans d i s c ov e re d the
impo s it i on t hat had be e n prac t i c e d
upon t he , t h e y mad e a n e ffort t o b e
reve nge d u p o n Mar s h , and mad e an
at t empt upon h i s l i fe , and he was
o b l i ge d to k e e p out of t he i r way
for s ome t ime , in ord e r to avo id
the c ons e qu e n c e s o f the i r j us t in
_d ignat i o n .
But treac h e ry ; in t ime , s o one r
or lat e r , i s s ure t o me e t i t s r e
ward s
a l l o f t h i s gre at inh e r i t
anc e s o fraudu l e nt ly obt a i ne d , the
mo s t of i t s l i pp e d out of his hand s
dur ing b i s l i fe t ime , and but a small
l o t , if anyt h i ng , now rema ins in
the p o s s e s s i on of h i s d e s c e ndant s .
( Tak e n from C hap . V , pg . 1 7 , 1 8 , )
e xp e r t s and more e x p e rt Ind ians . "
But Re p . J o s e ph E . B i nne t t e , D
O ld T own , s a id Ma ine Ind ians " d on ' t
want any part " o f be ing s e at e d in
t he l e g i s lature .
If they want e d t o be s � at e d t h ey
c an run for t he l e g i s lat ur� l ike
any o t he r cand idat e , B i nne t t e and
Re p . J ame s T . Dud le y , D -Enf i e ld ,
argue d .
want t o
" But t h e y d on ' t / , be c au s e t h e y
fe e l t he y c an g e t a lo ng b e t t e r t h i s
way t han i f t h e y we re on t h e flo o r
o f the hous e , " B inne t t e d e c lare d .
R e p . J o hn Donaghy , RT Lube c ,
I f In
s po k e aga ins t the o rd e r .
d ians are g iv e n s e at i ng pr iv i l e ge s ,
he s a id , the Le g i s lat ure w o u l d be
b o und to prov i d e s pa c e for any
e th n i c group wn i c h demand e d i t .
Re p . R i c hard He we s , R-Cape E l i z
abe t h , ra i s e d t h e �ue s t i on o f c o n
s t i tut i ona l i t y .
But S t ar� ird s a i d
h e had b e e n adv i s e d b y A t ty . G� n .
Jame s s . Erw in that s e at i ng o f t h e
Ind ians w i t h o ut vot ing r i ght s can
be d one by a Hou s e ord e r .
Any c i t
i z e n can b e s o s e at e d , h e ma i nta in
ed .
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"We s hou ld d o s impl e j us t ic e
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and pas s t h i s o rd e r , " S t a rb ird s a j i
The pre s e nt Ind i an re pre s e nta
YES V OT E- -THEN N O
t ive s to t he Leg is lat ure , e le c t e d
FOR IND IA N S EAT
b y t he i r t r i be s but having n o vo t
AUGUS TA-T he Ma ine Hou s e v o t e d 6 7 - i n g powe r at t he s ta t e h o us e , are
J ohn Ba i le y o f the Pas s amaquoddy
1 57 Tue s day a ft e rn o o n i n a non-ro l l
c a l l v o t e to a l l ow Ind ian re p�e s e nt r ibe and J o hn M i t c he l l , S r . o f
tat ive s t o o c c upy a non-vot ing s e at
t h e Penobs c o t t r ibe .
i n t he H ous e , and t he n turne d around ( From Bango r D a i ly News , 5/26/71 )
And t h e n on t h e o t he r
in a r o l l c a l l v o t e 1 0 m inut e s lat e r ( Ed . N ot e :
hand the non- Ind ian m i ght d emand
and rev e rs e d t ha t d e c i s i o n .
W h e n lawmak e rs w e re forc e d to s ig- a s e at on t h e t r ibal c ounc i l . T h e
princ i p l e o f t h i s i s s u e s igni f i e s
n i fy t h e i r v ot e s on t h e e le c t ro n i c
t o t e board, t he y v o t e d 7 5 - 5 8 aga ins t a s e para t e c i t i z e ns h ip f o r the
the o rde r by R e p . s. G l e nn S t arb ird , p e o p l e who are s t i l l o c cupying t he
land o f t h e i r fat h e rs and grand=
J r . , D . K ingman , t o ame nd the Hous e
fath e rs and wh o s t i l l rema in a s e rule s pe c i fy ing who s ha l l be s e at e d
parat e nat i o n . And t he n i f r e pre i ns i de the h o u s e ra i l ing .
S t ar b i rd s a i d Ind ians had n ' t b e e n s entat i o n w e re grant e d , t h e n t axa
t i o n wou l d be s ure to f o l l ow .
H o�
s e a t e d o n the f l o o r of the Hous e i n
a n o n-vo t ing c apac i t y s inc e 1 9 51 . He e v e r our e c o n om i c s t andards me a s ure
up to t h e Ma i n e c i t i z e ns , you can
sa i d the pre s e n c e o f t h e Ind ians i s
b e s ure that our land i s pr i c e le s s .
" of imme asurabl e va lue to u s h e re
on the flo or o n any que sti o n i nvo l v- No amount o f man ey c ou l d buy the
land, f o r in c a s e o f n e e d , we c an
ing I ndians . "
.
re ly on our land f o r s us t e nanc e ,
Re p. T he odo re s . C u rt i s , J r . , RC urtis sa i d what the s h e lt e r , and s upport . )
Orono , agre e d.
•
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le g i slature ne e ds is "fe we r I ndian
·
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�18
( Gr e at
c o nt . from page J . )
re s t unt i l he f ind s t h e land the
t h e s e �h ings hav e be e n · l e ft l i ke the Great S p i r i t gave unt o you .
He
empty h o rne t ' s ne s t s ha l l c ave int o
� ha l l not pas s away w i t hout f i rs t
t h e m , l ik e t h e s and 1
A nd t h e pow e r- hav i ng put h i s fo o t u p o n a l l t h e
fu l man � h� l l be no · m6re - -T h e n t h e
land s t hat hav e be e n mad e ,
t h e re
G re at S p 1 r 1 t s ha l l c a l l m e forth , t o - fore l o o k f o r h im a lways . "
ward t h e noon s .un , t o t e ach you more . ( From L I FE A ND T RAD IT I ONS , by
.
The put t ing to d e ath of t h e Gre at
J o s e ph N i c o lar . )
S p i r i t w i l l c ome t o pa s s , in a far
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o f f l and . "
CHA PT ER I I
F L A S H
F L A S H
F L. A S H
" B e c aus e I make ment i o n o f t h e
aw fu l day c om ing you mus t not mak e
The N e ws l e t t e r l e a rne d Fr i d ay , June
yours s e l f a fra i d , as the Great S p i r- 4th , that Mart in A . Ne ptune • s draft
it w i l l n o t br ing t h i s upon you , o r
c a s e h a d b e e n c ont i nue d for two
your c h i ld re n �
I t w i l l a lways be
T he c a s e has be e n
m o re months .
P l a i n t o y o u t hat your bro t h e r and
po s t pone d to d e t e rm ine whe t h e r or
you are tw o '
you are r e d , and h e
n o t Fe d e ra l mars ha l l s had t h e righ ·'
t o remove Mart i n from tho Pe nobs co ·
T h e G r e at S p ir it has e s t abwh i t e .
re s e rvat i on , in what w i l l be c a l l P
l i s he d H i s numb e r w i th you b ot h .
H i s numbe r w i t h y o u i s s ev e n , wh i l e
a j ur i s d i c t i o n hear ing , t o be he lr
w i t h your brot h e r it s ha l l be thre e , in Hart ford , C onne c t i c ut , around
t h e f i rs t Monday o f Augus t .
and b e c aus e h i s numbe rs are few , he
s ha l � l ive fas t , and pa s s away qu i c k
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ly ,
and be c au s e your numbe rs are
many you s ha l l l iv e s l ow , and l i ng
e r . a l ong wh i le be yond your b r o t h e r .
I f you w o u l d l ik e to c ont inue re
A l l th e s e bad t h i ngs w i l l c ome t o
c e iv ing t h e MA IN E IND IAN N EWS LETTER
pas s a c ro s s t h e b i g wat e r , the re fo re S END IN YOUR NAME AND ADDRES S , W ITH
A CHECK OR MONEY ORDER FOR THBEE
I mus t warn you not t o bu i ld large
D OIAA RS .
v e s s e l s t hat w i l l be ar . you a c ro s s ,
s o t h at you w i l l not hav e a hand in
*
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t ak ing the l i fe of t h e Gr e at S p i r i t . *
· W he n the Gr � at S p i r i t s e e s t hat you
I f you w o u l d l ik e a c o py o f t�e
o ? e y_- t h i s warn ing you w i l l e s cape
L I FE AND T RAD IT I ONS , by Jos e ph
His wrat h � · and H e w i l l s how you how
N i c o lar , s e nd in a c he c k or money
H e w i l l c abs e
much H e l ov e s you s
' your c h i ld r e n to b e b o rn in t he s ame ord e r for t hre e d o °I lars .
form i� wh i c h H e mad e the f i rs t man .
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T he re w i l l n o t be a c h i ld b o rn d e �
· forme d , ne i�h e r w i l l any be k i l l e d
by · -l i ght n ing s
t h e y shal l e s c a pe t h e I f you w o u l d l ik e t o b e · a re p o rter
f l o ods and e arthquak e s , and whe n t h e from your home , s e nd i n your news
t o t h e Ma i ne I nd i an ·News l e t t e r .
be a s t b i t e s you , y o u w i l l n o t - go
:
W e we l c ome l e t t e rs , ·news pape r art
::.. · c ra z y w i t h h im , t h ougn c ra z y h e be '
i c le s , s t o r i e s , j ik e s , e t c , from
and . whe n you c u t your hand or your
our r e ad e rs .
f o o t , your j aw s w i l l not c lo s e up
•
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·
,
T h e s e prom i s e s
l ik e the b e a s t s .
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s ha l l b e w it h you a s l ong a s you
k e e p yours e lv e s w i t h i n the bound s
I f you would l ik e t o know more abc
Know i ng t hat many
o f m� t e ac h ing .
t h e Un i ty Carava n , wh i c h s tarts
t e mpt a t i ons w i l l c ome to you--you
s ha l l be c ome w e ak i n m ind , and s ha l l o n J u ly J , 1 971 a t Onondaga ( S yra·
want t o be l i e v e s om e o t he r t ea c h ings , c us e ) N . y . , read t h e AKWESAS NE N O�
·
For t h o s e o f t he N e ws l e t t e r: re acrel'r
i t i s we 11 f o r me t o s ay t o you ,
who r e c e ive d a c o py in t h e ma i l ,
t hat t he wh i t e man w i ll fe e l i t as
t he e d i t o r s e nt your addre s s s o tha
a duty t o h is c h i ld r e n t o s e e k new
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s for t h e M , and t hat he w i l l n o t you c ou l d re c e ive a c opy .
land
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$J . 5 0
e a c h . from Ma i n e I nd i a n N e w s l e t t e r .
10 c e nt s per w o o � fo r o n e t im e �
. ·8�c e nt s-· p e r -· w o rd , t w o t o f i v e t ime s .
6 c e nt s p e r w o rd 6 t im e s or m o r e .
. F a s c- i n o. t
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I N D IAN MA D E MU K- LUK S
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from
A l l a d s mu s t be pa i d fo r in advanc e s
numb e r s , i n i t i a l s , a nd abbr e v i a t i o n s
c ount a s w o rd s .
M i n imum ra t e $1 . 0 0 p e r a d p e r m o nt h .
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No .
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A 2 0 pag e c o l o r i ng b o o k o f u '·
p i c t u r e s w i t h c a pt i o ns d e p i c t i n g
l i f e o f t h e N o rt h e a s t I n d i an s .
i nc lu d e s ma i l i ng .
$1 . 0 0
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$ J O . O O , Y o ung c h i l d r e n ' s * * * * * * * * * * *
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S e nd i n Fo o t m e a s u re
$1 5 . 0 0 .
T H I S S PA C E R E S E RV ED FOR Y OU R AD .
m e n t s w i t h c h e c k o r m o n e y o rd e r t o
Ma i n e I nd i a n N e ws l e t t e r .
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$ 5 . 0 0 p e r pa i r . Hand ma d e . S e n d
c h e c k o r m o n e y o rd e r t o � a i n e I nd i a n
N ews l e tt e r .
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S i ng l e
DA T E
is sue s
AMOUNT
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IN D IA N N EWS LET T E R :
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I ND IAN N EWS LET T E R
P . O . Box 553
04468
Ma i n e
T ow n ,
I N D IAN N EW S LET T E R mak e s
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S e nd i n y o u r a d t h i s w e e k fo r
n e x t m o nt h s a d �ert i s sm e nt in t h e
M a i n e I nd i an· N e ws l e-t t e r .
*
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by J o s e ph N i c o l a r , j u s t $ J . O O from
t h e Ma i n e I nd i a n N e w s l e t t e r .
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P . O . Box 55 3
C4 4 6 8
O l n T own , Ma ine
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U .S .
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P OS TA G E
P A I D
Old T o wn , Ma ine
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (May 1971)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1971-05
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin (or Colby) College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-452
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/149021ee25ce8cb3ddc0bc71c89fa17d.pdf
80ee643b006a600189197f61560b93dd
PDF Text
Text
.VoLuME 4' 'NUMBER 1
APRIL 197 1
CASE OF INDIAN CHARGED WITH FAILING
TO APPE AR FOR INDUCTION IS CONTINUED
Martin' Neptune, 20, Pen obscot
returned to Indian Isl an d , she to
Indian, who was ar rested Tuesday
finish high school , he to l earn mor
by United States Marshal s on a
about Indian history and culture.
benc h warr an t issued from the UnOn Jul y 26, 1970, he received an
order to report for in duction i:1
ited States Cour t in Connecticut
Conn ecticut but havin g don e more
on a char ge of fail in g to appear
for induction in the armed ·services, research on Indian l aws an d treat
appear ed befor e United States Com- ies, Neptun e had come to feel Indian s weren 't required to submi: to
mission er Edward F. Keith Friday
induction , so h·e wrote the draft
in the U .s.� Court at B an gor. He
board in Conn ecticut an d tol d them
rufused l egal counsel an d Cornmishe was no t coming.
si oner Keith continued the case
Neptun e, who has two bro therc
until Tuesday.
with militar y service behin d t�em,
$2,500 B ail Se t
says ahy Indian is fr ee to enl :st,
B ail was set at $2,500. He was
taken to the Kennebec County Jail , but fel t he woul d rather stay and
work with his n ative peopl e on In
when he fail ed to raise bail . The
Penobscot County Jail is n ot auth- dian Isl an d. He has been act:ve
in Operation Main str eam and v·outhorized for federal prison er s .
Present in the courtroom dur in g •oriented projects.
the proceedings we re several rep(Fr om B angor Dail y News, 2/13/71,
r�sentatives of TRIBE, In c. , an
organizat hn which has established FLASH • • • FLASH• • • FLASH
FLASH •• •
an Indian sc hool on Mt. Desert
Isl and. T he y c ame to watch the
On Mon day, Mar ch 1 st, Mar t� n
l egal proc eedin gs as they are stu- Neptune appeared in Federal DiBtric
dyin g legal cases pertainin g to
Court in Har:tford, Connectict:-:, �o
Indian s.
enter a plea. No plea was entered
and his c ase was continued un�il
Neptun e was bo rn on Indian Island n ear Ol d To wn , then moved withMarch 15th.
Mean whil �, Martin has obta:nec
·his parents to Manchester , Conn.
se-veral y ear s ago . He was wo rking the services of l awyer , Mr. Mic'.1ae·
11
an eJ ectronic componen ts factBerman , thro ugh the Conn ecti .... ut
_and r egi?tered with the Selec- Chapter of the American Cit�_{l Lib1 c -C!-0.._ ·.r i ce when he turned 18.
erties Un ion .
T ried To En l ist
M art in will n nt hR1�a to nay·
d While i'} Co1.u1c�t icut he attempt- for legal fle1Tices l t: c will h�, ..�
e to enlist in all four branchto pay f�..,.r al l court costs .�:t.i oth ..
es Of the Armed Forces but
c�\.J""'tJns�et.
was
t1;J rn ed down because of a it�,�,:wl 1.:
No date has b9eu set as yet
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your
�-2' Ed. notes the following letter is
·c� ing sent out to all interested in
dividuals.)
On February 9,, 1971, Martin
1eptune, a Penobscot Indian, from
�he Penobscot Nation, Old Town,
Kaine, was arrested by Federal Mar
�hals for failure to report for
�nduction into the Armed Forces.
A� present, Martin is out on $ 2, 500
�ail and has just returned to Conn
$ct:cut to await trial.
:n our'treaties with E n gland ,
��e Commonwealth, and the.State of
Ja ine , · the Penobscot Nation has al
Yays been dealt with as a nation
��d as an equal.
In more recent
��mes, howev er , the United· States
�overnment and �he State of Maine
�av9 unilaterally imposed their
'aws and will upon the Penobscct
�ople.
Martin believes, as do
�.uiy Indians, that the U�ited St
��es has no right to (1) force
�ited States citizenship upon In
:� an s , (2) subject Indians to Un
��ed States draft laws and (J)
�rce Indians to fight in her wars
��ainst foreign powers.
If you have any information,
�ttations to cases, or anything
�:se which you think may help Mar
t��· s position, it would be great
ly ��preciated if you would send
i� t0 e:ther one of the following
a<i.d:r�ss�"C..i
�aine Indian Newsletter
P.O. Box 55'.3
Cl1 Town, Maine 04468
CLUB HOUSE BEING
BUILT BY DONA�IONS
INDIAN ISLAND - �nother of the on
going projects on Indian Island is
the construction of a coffee house
type club for the youth fo the is
land.
The idea is the product of
young Martin Neptune, who has been
soliciting building materials and
spending most of his free time bu
ilding the 20 by 20 foot structure
that will house his club,
Called Nee-Dah-Bah Club (In
dian for "My Friend" ) the club, whf
finished, will give Indian youth �
chance for meaningful discussion
and entertainment and will give thf
a place to hang o�t.
Neptune was given 500 board f
feet of pine planks by t�e Hask
ell Lumber Company in Lincoln and
is expecting 125 eight-foot 2x4's
from another firm. He has also re
ceived close to $200 worth of mer
chandise from Old Town merchants
to use as raffle prizes to raise
money for more supplies.
A g uarter of that merchandise
earned $48 in a raffle-held Thurs•
day.
(From Bangnr Daily News,12/19/70)
WHAT WE DID WHEN WE
WENT.HOME FOR A WEEK
by
Donnie Francis
The people on my reserve are
just starting to wake .UP and re
alize that they are Indians, not
M� � Martin Neptune
mostly it's the �ro
white people
16Q School Street
Man�hester, Conn. 06040 people who are starting to realiz
th1s, for one thing they started
club called Nee-Dah-Beh which mear
A fund has been established
'
Even th'
to aid Martin with expenses. Con
friendship in Penobscot.
tributions may be sent to the
ugh there are still a lot of olde.,
Maine Indian Newsletter.
people who are real good Indians
In your
letter please state that your con there are still a lot of the olde·
tribution is to help with Martin's people, mostly our parents, who h
���.nses.
lieve that the only way is the wr
'£1:..--Jr �"Q _f-or �u.· · c·0n.s id er
man•s·way and these people are t�
atinn.
ones we have got to prove to t�
Very truly yours,
we are Indians not white people.
Eugunia T . Tl-wm}.>son
The Indi?iu costume for our
( r'v..: \he .. ·'"{;) }.\Ji tor
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�-3 E D I T 0 R I A L
S E C T � I i5 .N q
· ·
THE MAINE ·INDIAN .NEWSLETTER
�Rt (Mrs. ) Eug�nia T. Thompson
Penobscot ·
Editoria l B oa rds .
Howa rd Mitche ll- P enobscot
·B la nche Lanca�ter-P�nobs�ot
Ma �tirt Neptune- Penobscot
Kathy Fe rrin
Ne ws a nd stories ma y be submitte d to
the Newsl ette r f or publica tion at
the following a ddressi Maine India n
Ne wslette r, B ox 553 , Old Town, Me.
( te1 rio. 8·27-5748 )
. 04468
·,:
A
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THE DIMINISHING DOMINION
By
· Kenneth c. Thompson
B efore the whit e man dis
cov ered Maine, The Penobscot
Tribe of India ns roa med this
land
They hunted, t rapped,
fished a nd planted-where the Y
ple�sed.
Their territory s�ret
ched f rom Penobscot Bay upriv er
a long bot h sides of the Penobscot
River a long t he East Branch.
beyong Mt. Katahdin and into
the Allga sh region to the west;
Contributions a nd gifts made to the
and alon t he Ma ttawamkea g Stream
Maine In�ia n Ne wsle tte r a re t�x de
ductible� ( IRS sec. 170, & sec. 20 55, and on int o the East B rach of .
the Penobscot Riv er to the ea st .
2106, 2522.)
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TERMINATION TODAY ?
In the Maine Time s, Ja nua ry 29,
1971, the a rticle written by WHl ia m
La ngele y , I ma ke note tha t either
the a rticle writer forgot to pla ce
the Departme nt ·o f India n Affa irs in
the proposed reorganizat ion pla n
of the sta te gove rnme nt, cre a ting
11 de pa rtme nts in pla ce of the cur
rent 226, or the governor f orgot.
If the gov ernor fo rgot, he forgets
th� ve ry basic principle on which
t he Sta te of Ma ine was f ounde d ,
found under the Trea ty o f 1820.
Maine continue· s to shirk its
original . respons.ibility , by ignor
ing its original own·e rs. Ma ine wa s
s upposedl y founde d ·on true princip
le s , but continuousl y chaeg·e s its
pr incipl�si unt il we now fe e l like
prostitute s , se l l ing ourse lv es for
a piece of bre a d, Pe rha ps it woul d
be be be st if we we re not part of
t he immoral , iconocla stic, and il �
le ga l . s tate gove rnrn�nt, but rat �cr
if we held our own .re ins over ou�
o�n a f fa ir s , our own land , a nd our
·
own pe ople , a nd le t t he Maine peopl e
s uffer ove r its high·ta xe s , pol ut ion
of t he wate rs , a ir , l ands, a nd e ve n
the food.
Sipsis
Pe nobscot Nation
India n Is l a nd
The Penobscot knew how far
t riba l la nd extended and how
far into neighboring tribe 's
land they could penetra te �ith
immunity. Within these tribal
boundaries each family ha d a
designa ted hunting area whic .h
supplied. a la rge part of t�e
neccesit ies of life for the ..
fa mily.
B ut then , the whit e ·man .
came a nd bega n t o set t le on
triba l lands, and conf lict s
arose when t he India ns tried
..
t o regain wha t �hey claimed
Those · confl�cts
wa s t heir land.
fina lly led t o "Aggrenient s"
bet ween the Euro pe a ns and the
India ns,. va guel y defining th
la nd areas of each.
In 1113 t he �iri�. �f a
.
series of f orma l t reat ies were
.
s igned wi th t he Indians o· f
the a rea including the Penqbscot
on t he one side a nd t he Engl ish
on the other. Wit h the signing
.
of each succe ssive �rea ty , Pen�.
· other t ribal la nd
obscot a nd
hol dings were diminished· until
finall y in 1818 with t he s�gning .
of .in trea t y between t he Penobscc
and the Commonwealt h of Ma ssaqhuac
and then with the signing of the
idnetica tre aty in 1820. betwe en .
(CONT� ON PAGE 18 )
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INDIANS SHAPE U.S. HISTORY
by mo st peo ple a s being co lo rfu l
a s t he West ern India ns but we a lso
have different idea s o n wo rship
a nd you might o f hea rd befo re t hat
t he Peno bsco t language is dying
out . This is t ru e
t here are o nly
a bout six peo ple o n t he Isla nd who
ca n spea k it but t hey are st art ing
t o sit up a nd t a k e no t ice o f t his
fact by ha ving Peno bscot language
classes on Wednesda y night s every
week a nd t hey are all co- o perat ing,
expecially t he yo unger peo ple.
They are all go ing t hat I k no w o f
but o lder peo ple crit icize u s o n
o ur la nguage. But I t ell you o ne
t � i�g everyo ne o n t hat Island pa r
t 7c 1pat es when it comes t o pagent
t ime a nd t hey a ll k no w ho w t o dance
and t a k e pride in t his a nd t o k no w
t hat t hey're India ns.
Things lik e t his a ll a dd u p
� o t he ma k ings o f o u r �o st umes, fo r
inst a nce ou r hea d-dresses were so me
what different fro m t he West ern-
t h� feat her st o o d right u p st ra ight
a nd wea r eagle feat hers and t heir
co stu mes were made o f bu ck sk in wit h
beadwo rk o n mo st ly inst ea d o f flo w
er designs, because we a re wo o dla nd
India ns a nd we also ha ve buck sk in
mo cassins wit h bea d wo rk o n t hem
�lso . Fo r wo rk o n my Isla nd t hey
nave t o go o ver t o t o wn t he sho e
shops o r so me o t her co rpo rat io n
nearby but t hey st a rt ed pro ject e
o n t he Island, fo r insta nce N.Y. C.
and o perat io n Ma inst rea m. N.Y.C.
is a pro ject fo r t he you nger peo
p le a nd Ma inst rea m is fo r t he o ld
er people.
(Fro m t he week ly Newslet t er , t he
st udent s at t he India n scho o l ,
T.R. I.B.E.,Inc, Ba r Ha rbo r , Me. )
NEW. YORK (nPI) -Awa reness o f
t he Am�rica n Indians• co nt ribut io n
t o t he nat io � a nd t he Indian pro
blem is reflect ed in bo o k s about
t he America n India n a nd scho o l
stu dies devo t ed t o explo ring t he
impact o f India n cu ltu re o n pres
ent -day Americans, sa ys Dr. Llo yd
Melis, pro fesso r o f specia l educ
at io n at Cat hag e Co lleg e, Keno sha ,
Wis.
Not o nly ha ve t he India ns help·
ed sha pe our hist o ry a nd co nt rib
ut ed t o our fo lklo re, but even to
da y t hey a re co nt ribut ing t o o ur
way o f life and t o our understand
ing o f t he ba lance bet ween man a nd
nat ure, a cco rding t o Dr. Melis.
(Fro m BDN, J/8/71)
(Ed. no t es
Tha nk you Dr. Meli�,
I ho pe t hat you are not t o o late
in co ming t o t his understa nding
o f t he ba la nce bet ween man and na
tu re. Rea d o n!)
"They ma de u s pro mises , mo re pro
mises t ha n I ca n remember, but
t hey never k ept but o ne.
They
pro mised t o t a k e o ut la nd a nd t hey
t oo k it . "
Severa l mo nt hs ago t he Sa nto
Do mingo t ribe, which has a sma l:
reservat io n o n t he Rio Grande R'.. ve?'.'
nea r Albuquerqu e , su rprised ne�r
by bu sinessmen by t urning d0�� a
mult imillio n-do lla r . pulp mi:: o f
fer fro m a la rge t imber company.
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SUBSCRIBE NOW to t he MAINE INDIAN
NEWSLETTER. See t he inside back
pag e fo r det a ils. Be a repo rt er
send in news, let t ers, idea s , et c.
Send you r friends names in, t o o .
The Enviro nment and You
OLD INDIAN ACHIEVEMENT
IS A MESSAGE FOR TODAY
BY
St ewa rt tla ll
and
Jef-f St a nsbu ry
The idea is slo wly a dva ncing
in enviro nment a l circles t hat In
dia n American s (t ho se who st il:
nurt ure t heir a ncient cult ure, h�ve
a vit a l message fo r mo dern ma n,
The bea rers o f t his message ar�
no t t he many assimilat ed India �s
but t he you ng a nd o ld India ns who
st ill respect "t he o ld way" a nc
who , by example, fo rce us t o a dmit
t hat eco log ica l awa reness was �
do mina nt a chievement o f t he first
America ns.
The Sant o Domingo s , li�e mo st
o f New Mexico 's pueblo t ribes, a re
· (Co nt inued o n next page)
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�(OLD !NDIAN
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cont.
from page
4.)
-5-
Indian felt himself a brother to
all things.
Out of this feeling
grew a day-to-day behavior which
was both reverent and responsible.
a pastoral people.
They prefer to
live close to the earth on small
farms in the Rio Grande valley. AfThe hunter, for example, killter lengthy dis�ussion, and despite
ed for tr.e clan, not for himself.
their very 1i.1gh unemployment rate,
they voted ag3.lr.st an in·:iustry that He harv�!::ted only wha·t his own 'Deo
would bring both jobs and pollution. pJ.e ne e d e d , respecting both tom�r
row's needs and the requirements
of other friendly clans.
The Santo Domingos.are not -the
onlY u.s.· tri�9 to value the land
To be sure, the early Indians
more than economic benefits.
Uplacked the ter,hnology to commit
river, the 'l'aos Indians h3.ve just
wen a 6 5-year fight to persu?.Je Con- large-sc8.le mayhem on their surrour.
ings.
{�;:::·ess to gi"':re t}1(�m full possession
But their religious sense
of life rest:rs i.ncd them even qi.ore.
of' U1e hit;h Bll�e Lake area that is
both a sacred grou nd and the source RegardiPg resou rces as finite, and
acting in trw::;t for the long-term
of water for t11e T:J.os pueblo,
hee:i .lth of tri .. �J.r community, these
Fine Timber Stand
first P.mericans e:nbcd ied the cenBluo 1.8.ke grows a fine stand
tr8l tri.1ths of the modern environ
of marketable timber, but the Taos
will preseYve it as a th�iving wild-mental movement.
erness - mnch to the consternation
Today, we speak of safe
of their white neighbors.
guarding "the pu·o] ic interest" and
t h e �j.£�ts of u:1born generations.
And in Alaska, under different
circumstances, the Esl:imos, Aleuts
� nd i::!1'1.G took thj s otligRtion ser
and Indians are urgin1�, Cong�ess to
iously 101:.g bP.fcre the first Eur
O�Jeans ar.cived wi t h an entirely
confirm thP- ir rights to 40 ralllion
acres of land a T O J.n d th� ·tr v il.i.af_;es .different notion of the way life
was.
These na�ives have a st�nng, i�tl.
mate bond with the nat;.rr,�1 \"''Y�lrl,
and all they ask is thG �Jp�r�u. ity
(Incidentally, t he
to preserve it.
response of Congress th ls yLar will
decide the final bondaries of "In.)
dian country" in the United States
�
s refugees from a feudalism
.
is which the governing class owned
the land outright, the c·olonists
cane to our shores determined
to
get their own piece of the action.
They were in many ways ad�i
rable,
but they were also the spiri
These examples of respect for
tual
forebears of all the polluters
the land are, to be suret not typand
ical of most Indian cul t·m--es tod3.y; rf�211·� rce raiders who gouge or bligh-;
the exploiter's ethic l:.:is been all the .J.and for short-term profits
too conta�ious.
Bt.;.t the T;) cs, San- tod;:i,y •
to Domingos, Eskimos and Aleuts
A great gap of thought sepa
embody a heritage which dates back
rat<
the colonist from the Indian.
to a time when virtually all Indian
"Sel:
the c untry?" Tecumseh aske
Americans viewed themselves and
d a part�
?
of whites 150 years ago.
other creatures with what we now
"Why not
sell the air, the clouds,
recognize as an ecological perthe great
sea?"
spective.
Religious Roots
The warrior-chief'·s gue
This world view had religious
stiom
was left unanswered, a far-off
roots.
To the Indian, the land,
wisp
water, wildlife, fruits and plants of smoke at our backs.
Now, in an
age when we have "sold" our
werewere not commodities to be
air,
water, an
land for materialistic
owned but gifts from God to be usea
(Gont1nued ·an pagd .-·6.)
The
with thankfulness and care.
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which ha ve been handed down from
the beginning of the-red.man's .
ga in ....:· arid·· fouled man '-s o'verall en world to the present time, I deem
it-p�6per tci sta te that there ha ve
vironment in the p r-Ocess - Tecum
been no historica l works of·· the
seh's question ha s ·come ba ck to
white·ma n, nor a ny other written
haunt us.
history from a ny source quoted.
Today's environmenta l ists,
A ll prophecies, theories a nd
knowingly or unknowingly, a re try
ing to restore the connuma l ethic, idea s of the educa ted and intell
igent of a ll ra ces ha ve been la id
the la ck of egosim, the sense of
a si�e� no supposition nor p resum
interrela ted life which governed
t�e India n A merica n's trea tment of p tion of a ny cla ss enterta ine d,
beca use it is inte nded to show only
resources.
the simple a nd na tural state of
It ma y be easy to overroma nt the life,·habits a nd wa ys as they
existed among the pure, innocent
their
iciz e the ea rly;lndia nss
a nd simple people whose tra ditions
lives we re shorter, ha rder and in
"
a re here written
some wa ys l ess healthy tha n ours.
But were they not a lso ha pp ier,
The a bove quote wa s ta ken
less driven, more tranquil a nd fa r
from the prefa ce of the book, which
more ·enriched by being close to
is a va ila ble in limited qua ntities,
t'he· earth?
(we ha ve only 1 00 printed copies)
One need not recommend pover to those who would wish to rea d
ty to suggest tha t we ca n find much a bout the red ma n. We were 'fort
in the India n exa mple to follow to una te to ha ve the help of Ropert
da y. Ecologists a re trying to tell Haskell, president of Ba ngor Hydro
us tha t ma n a nd na ture a re indivi Electric Compa ny, whose office
sibl�, tha t there is no such thing retyped the book a nd dona ted the
copies to help with the resta rting
a s t�uly p riva te propertY. - that
of the Ma ine India n Newsletter.
ma n-made barriers a nd wa lls a nd
bounda ries confuse us a nd run a
You ca n ha ve a copy, by ma il
ga inst the gra in of the system
ing your name a nd a ddress, along
tha t supports a ll life.
with a check or money order for
three dolla rs.
The India n, by religion a nd
instinct, understood this long a go1
.
.
PLIGHT OF U . s· .INDIA N
la nd wa s the ultima te home, a com
HER SONGS OF REFORM
mon pqssession of those who used
it·. · He sensed tha t la nd wa s "a
"Why shouldn't a n India n:girl
community to which he belonged" (to
use A ldo Leopold's phra se), a nd he be a model or a designer or·a pa int
lavished-on it the -a we a nd Jove a nd er? " B uffy Sa inte-Ma rie wa nts to
know.
respect we know seek to recap ture
told in
"Wha t kid wa nts to be· .a s a la nd ethic for the future.
school tha t }1is' gra ndfa ther wa s a
(�tom B�ngor:Daf1y·News, 2/io/7 1)
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sa vag�?
·THE
''.)Ught now,. Indians ca n't. sur
.
LIFE "A ND TRADITIONS . .
vive. .in Am�_rica physica lly, .�ental
. .
.
�
ly, einotionaliy, or art fs.tically."
OF .
The 24-yea r.. old Cree enter
THE RED MAN
_ta _i_ner thinker ner song�· a bout the
By
.
p light 9f her fellow America n In
:,. Joseph Nfool�r
.
dians' ha ve, m_he.lped_ . w.hi te. p eople to
Old Towri, Maine
.. ,
" In ·offering this wo·rk W;hich
·und_ersta nd, but a f�er tha t, they·,
will give ih� �ubli�_the ftill _ a c-: ha ven't re�lly done a nything"· · ' · ·
· (Continued: on page 7 )" '
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count Of'. all t_ti_e pure . t:ra diti9ns '
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(OLD INDIAN
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from page 5)
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cont. from p�ge 6 .)
CRF".)TT UNION
Me anwhile , Miss S:,_i�-i-t-.'·--:.::ic
S0v���1 people have shown an
is doing all she c:-.:1 t."1 ri.·_;v:�/,�
i� s=-.'. .-.::··; �._·1 e:::·�·:'."'Jlishing a cre dit
some action.
v·-..io�1 <·�1 Indi::in Island .
Assistance
·
In addtion to '\... ,�- � I�.t. 11·::-:�
r1� ,_. ·t':c.·1 of fr�!'ed by the Maine State
J> r-1:. -�·,1� :;or,@ision and the Maine
formance s on var�ou·" L;(�:· : ::.:..; _
se rvations, she has set ll'i) 2 . ·c:i--
C '-.: ·· :.:..�.-t Th ion League .
Old T own at
olarship fund to he lp �3m�21� �l
t,..�r-7, h:enne th Thompson has offe rhe r race throug h law ac�0ol £nri �s
�:.:-1. �-·
' · · '"' a. -T... e h.is time to assist
now promoting an organi:.: atior1 for
w .1.,i1
: J'• ·J }. '1.per·:1ork
the b e ne fit of Ind ian w��e n .
:. ;;.·0�rs would be e ncouraged to
T he Native North Ameri.-:...,n :·11:
�·u.. i�
; �-·;_ �.; .. }_e as a dollar a we e k
me n's Association was :>�und �i �.. :1
c nr! t i·
·; r.0-�ld borrow from the cre d:
.
August. Miss Sainte-Ma:- le :;:cc��,_i::. t-· 'l,�:�i.-·:1 J:,?.�'ing ro more than 1% pe r
e d the 200 me mbe rs during her 'l��i.:-s rr..on-1�;1 o n the unpaid balance . Earn
to re se rvations and Indian coI!Jr,;m
inf?:'s wou�.d be used to pay e xpe nse s,
itie s in citie s
with �hs remainde r be ing distrib ut
T he come ly singe r-composer seid ec't as di "'ridend s .
she liste ns to Indian women' s c0n
Common reasons for borrowing
ce rns and the n comments publicly 2. include old bills, me dical e xpe nse s
bout the m.
autos, vacations, home e q uipme nt,
"I'm j ust be ing a mouth-piece
funerals, education, we ddings, and
for t he ,'' she said.
"I'm a visible f��ily eme rge ncie s.
Ind ian. Pe ople know me and my work,
Throug h our own cre dit union ,
which le t s me draw attention to
rart of the mone y e arne d on the
what's g oing on."
�eservation will stay he re t o he lp
Miss Sainte -Marie holds the
us out, rather than all of it going
fe de ral g ove rnme nt responsible Jor
off to benefit some one e lse .
many of t he Indian�' proble ms and
The membe rs alone will won
the credit union. Each me mbe r h av
says so in song .
In "Now T hat t he Buffalo Is
j_ng at least f ive dollars inve ste d
Gone ," Miss Sainte -Marie asks, "HQs w�il be able to vote .
No council, corporation, or
a change come ab out , Uncle Sam? Or
&ry othe r spe cial inte re st g roup
are you still taking our land?
w:.:.1 be able t o control the cre dit
It's he re and it's now, you must
he lp us de ar man, now that the buf ur1:.on 'Jr dete rmine its polic ie s.
��. i_s will be le ft strict ly up to
alo's gone . "
Miss Sainte - Marie wants to re the sharehold ers.
Soon, furthe r informat ion re
form the e ducat ion g ive n to Indians
��r.ding the cre dit union will be
on re se rvations.
c..i:.:tributed on the Re se rvation.
"T he re 's ve ry little accuracy
�aanwhile if anyone has any q ue stin t he te xts that are use d about
Ind ians, and about the w�y A me rican � ons or sugge stions re garding t he
se tt le rs de alt with the m," she sa�cl . fo.c�a-�ion of a cre dit union, se e
Frede rick Nic ola or Mat t he w Mit che l�
She also wants to he ln makG
a plac e for Indian wome n ii1 A:ne"":icPENOBSCOT INDIAN CORPQRAT ION, INC.
an soc ie t y.
"We 're t ry ing to ope n up t�e
glamor jobs," she said.
"Why s�ould
On April 6 , 1970 a group of25
Pe nobscot Indians forme d t he Pe nan Indian girl have to b leach her
obscot Indian Corporation, Inc.,a
hair to be ac c e pt e d for work?"
mon-profit corporation, c hart e re d
(From G�it , 11/22/70.)
(Ed. note 1 We saw B uffy on the David unde r Maine law with t he inte nt ion
of promoting small b usine sse s,
Prost show a fe w months b ac k, and
re c all in he r t alk t hat it is up to b ringing in various programs t o
assist in making life e asie r on
the individual t o ge t things done .
re se rvation, e tc.
Buffy is doing just t hat l What are
(Cont inue d on page 8. )
you doing?)
_ _,
..,
.
.....
'
�
. •
.')
•
.
•
.
_
�(PENOBSCOT
•
•
•
cont. from page 7)
-8-
Be cause une mp loyme nt ha s be e n
so high in the Old Town a re a a nd
be cause wha t mone y is e a rne d by In
dia ns a ll goe s ba ck ove rtown for
food, clothing e tc , the corpora tion
sponsore d a n Ope ra tion Mainstre am
project. A to ta l o f a bout 50
diffe re dt pe op le ha ve worke d on the
proje ct during the pa st 9 months
and the pa yroll for the re se rvation�
ha s a ve rage d be twe e n $1000 a nd
$1440 e a ch we e k.
Ne xt the Corpora tion is a ssist
ing in e xta blishing a sma ll "ma
a nd pa " type store on the re se rva
tion
. Also, se ve ra l founda tions ha d
shown a n inte re st in the p rospe cts
of the corpora tion, but sta te d tha t
be fore the y could contribute a ny
fund� for a ny proje cts, the corp
ora tion would have to obta in a ta x
e xe mpt sta tus , thus the P.I.C. Trust
wa s e sta blishe d. Pre se ntly the
ta x exe mp t forms ha ve be e n reughe d
out and a re a bout to be ma ile d to
IRS f�r appro va l.
Although the Boa rd of Direct
ors of Pre, Inc. is ma de up of 25
Pe nobscot India ns, the me e tings
ha ve a lwa ys be e n ope n to o the rs
for the ir ide a s a nd suggestions.
T�E
NORTH AMERICAN
TRADITIONA L
UNITY CONVENTION
*May 29, JO, 3 1st
Tobiq ue Ma lise e t Re se rve
Ne w Brunswick, Ca na da
*July J, 4th
Ona ndaga
*July 6, 7th
Tona wa nda
July 9, 10th
Ta ma , Iowa , Sa c
•
&
Fox
July 12, 13 , 14, 15th
Sioux te rritory
Contine nta l site
*Se pte mbe r 4, 5, 6th
Maniwa ki, Que . ,
Algonqt:in
.....
�0�1q .. 1.1
*The se a re de finite pla ce s a nd
The se is a n a nswe r still
date s.
a waite d from Se ne ca Longhouse at
Mia mi, Okla homa for a p ossible
two da ys ther� be fore sta rting
home , from Sioux country.
We 're conta cting se ttle me nts
of "na tive " pe ople s a long the wa y
for re sting a nd ca mping a cc omoda
tions. Thus would be the da te s be
LANGUA GE LESSONS
twe e n me e ting p la ce s.
La ng ua ge classe s ha ve heen he ld
Mrs. A udre y She na ndoa h , Se c'y
for more tha n two months by Se na be h,
Iroq uois Confe de ra cy
Pe nobsco t te a che r.
Onandaga , Ne drow, Ne w �ork
The Penobncot
language is be ing ta ught e ve ry Wed
Te . no. (3 15) 469-7510
ne sda y a nd Sunda y e ve ning from 6sJO
Our stre ngth a nd kope is in
to 8sOO. The la ng uage le ssons a re
It is cle a rly told to us
Unity.
.
we must
wr; tte n on the boa rd of the gra de
by the Gre a t Pe a ce mak�r
if a tre e
scno ol cla ssroom on the India n Is
hold on to one a nother,
the stre ngth
land Re�e rva tion, a nd the young
should fa ll on one
.
of our brothe rs will ke e p us from
stude nts ha ve a n opp ortunity to
le a rn during the day.
fa lling unde r it's weig ht.
. The vocabula ry words a re be ing
Ky-you-ha -ha- de � 56 ye a r ol�
Onondaga n, wa s cho se n chie f o� t)e
tape d for the bene fit. of re vie w.
Iroquois confe de ra cy thre e ye a r�
The first le sson words will be re ago. His na me means unfinishe :
p rint e d in the Ne wsle tte r.
.
busine ss. "Roots ha ve sp re a d out.
(Ed.no�e :
Se e page 9.for the
e•
first we e k's le sson.-··�Senabeht�s �·� from t he Tre e of the ·: Gre a t Pe a c
�
north , one to the e ast,
one to the
aiso a n a rtist :·and wood carve r.
e
The schoo l childre n will be a ble to one to the south, a nd one to t�
a t White
we st. T he se a re the Gre
le arn from him soon.
Roots, a nd the ir na ture is ?e a c e
a nd Stee ngth.11
•
•
__________
__
__
__
..._.
•
•
•
•
,·:
�Pe ncbscot Language Lessons
I-Nee ah
You-Gee a h
The y-Ne gg-ma h
Me -Ne a h
�othe r-Ne e -ga h-woos
?athe r-Me eta -goos
jhild-A h woos-sis
v·oma n-Che e -pa n-um
Ka n-Che e -Se nabe h
�ittle Girl-nuck-sqa- sis
�o y-ske e-no o-sis
:vla ide n-nuc ksqa
Ze llo-Qua i
�ow a re you? -dun-qak
:•m a llright-Me g- gauk-ne a h.
How a rc you?-Dun-ga uk-ge e a h
I will see you a gain. -Me e -na ch
Nae -e -ul
PINE TREE LEGAL ASSISTA N CE
The first me eting to be he ld
at the Pa rish Hall on India n
$sla nd on Ma rch 19,1971.
A ppoint
me nts will be made throught the
Ma instre a m Office .
Me e tings will be he ld month
ly the re a fte r on the first Thurs
The re will
da y starting in Ma y.
be no me e ting in Ap ril.
The Ma in Stre am p hone numbe r
is 827-5011. Pe te r A. Ande rson
is the a ttorne y for Pine Tre e
Le ga l A ssista nce p rogra m.
Q.
Wha t Is Pine Tree Le ga l A ssis
ta nce ?
� Pine Tre e Le ga l A ssistance
_
:s an orga niza tion which p rovide s
fre e le ga l se rvice for pe ople
who ca n't a fford a lawye r. It
:s supporte d by the Unite d State s
Office of Economic oppurtunity
as pa rt of the Wa r on Pove rty.
Tree's service s if you �nrn no
more tha n $48. 00 p lus $8.00 for
e a ch pe rson you support.
Note :
If you earn more tha n the
a mounts me ntione d a bove, Pine
Tre e will 9onside r a ny large
de bts or bills. (such a s hospita l
or doctor's bills) tha t you ma y
ha ve .
The se large bills ma y e
e nable you to gulaify for se rvice.
Q, How do I know whe n I ne e d
a Lawye r?
A,
If you are arre ste d or
fine d for viola ting some la w
you ma y ne e d a la wye r.
If you are se rve d with
pape rs by a she rrif or some other
pe rson you proba bly will ne e d
a lawye r.
If you fa il to ma ke a pa ,�
me nt on a n article tha t you h� ve
purcha se d a nd the finance company
thre ate ns tota ke it awa y frcm
you, you p robably ne e d a lwve r.
If you a re de nie d we lf a re
or une mployme nt pa yme nts you ma y
ne e d a lawye r.
If you wnt a divorce 0r
se pe ra tion you will ne e d a :wye r.
In short Pine Tre e Le ga ·
A ssista nce offe rs almost �v� ry
le gal se rvice tha t a la wye r
pe rforms. Howe ve r the re a re snmc
ca se s tha t Pine Tre e ca nnot ta�e .
•
FEELING FEIVIA LE FREES FURRY
FRIEND FROM FLUFF
one da y Ma ry Ma ddocks founS
.
a sticky but ffi3a tiate d mouse :.n
he r cupboa rd stuck inside th�
Is the re a ny cha rge for Pine
�.
marshma llow fluff ja r. Fe e 1:ng
�re e •s Se rvice s?
sovry � or the mouse she fre e�
A. The re is no cha rge for Pine
the a nimal a nd wa she d it of:
"'re e se rvice s
a nd le t it go outside of he �
house .
�.
Who can Re cie ve he lp from
Howe ve r, the ne xt da �� Ma ry
Pine Tre e Le gal A ssistance ?
found the Mouse had expire d
e a rn no more than $48.00 BEFORE it had tra ve
A
. If you
lle d too fa r
pe r we e k a nd supp ort only yourse lf p ossibly dying from too much fluff
you qualify for Pine Tre e Se rvice s. or too much human kindne ss.
If you a re supporting othe rs a s
(Ed. Note :Try twisting your ton-we ll, you would q ua lify for Pine
gue around the he a dline thre e t ime s#
�-10. Operation Main Stream (Indian Island)
By James Sappier, Director
Operation Main Str earn is the Ist project established
under the Penobscot Indain Corporation for the betterment
of this community.
Presently, the contract with the Department
of Labor, runs from, July 1,1970 to June 30,1971.
Opeation
Main Stream employs, a Director, secretary and has 26 employees.
Many Projects have been established by O�tion Main Stream
and are prese�tly working:
Penobscot Indain Blood Bank-(2) Emergencies
Free Ashe Program for the Aged (Basketry)- presently stalled
Adult Education Program-Starts This week
Transportation for Elderly(Doctors and Hospital appointments
(56 Trips plus (5) emergencies
24 hour Emergency Heating Service-(22) homes some homes
more than once.
Home Servrece- cleaning, bathing, laundary-(18) hnmes
(4) Emergencies
genral repair(21), Snow Removal-(23) homes and 18 roofs
Installed/repaired stoves (35) homes, thawing frozen
pipes(l6) homes.
Winterize d homes fini9hed (35)
Helped with Childrens Christma s Parties (3)
Installed Childrens Program (Education) instructing
in arts and crafts and Indian Language(school)
Indian Isand School Library-Buitl shelves,
help rebuild·burned home-ceiling,walls, floors, and
windows reinforced(2) foundations, deliver fliers
(information) and draining of fl�oded areas.
Lending tools as Electric saws and drills, Reddy
Heater, axes, etc
Beingthe worst winter in years heating and snow removal
became predominant. Many areas needing improvements cannot be
pursued /m�erial funding appears to be the determining factor
of this operation.
•
•
•
Cooperation and coordination between various organizatii�ns
having any influence on Indain Affairs should be r�alized; a ?
a neccesity towards the over-all improvement of this Reservation.
�- 11 -
(Niagra Falls Gazette, Wed.,
Oct. 28, 1970)
.,.
attempt to involv� us in the
creation of what you call "a great
country", because we certainly
'A Little Tired'
have different opinions on what
makes a country great.
I am more than a little tired
What you really should have
of hearing about injustice to the said is, "Our people from all
Indians. Since when does just
countries, have assisted in the
fathering a child make you a
destruction and pollution of this
father or giving birth make you a once-beautiful, heaven-like
mother?
paradise which was once populated
Our people from all countries
by Indians who were living here
and the Indians have made this
in peace and harmony with the
�ountry great.
This was a land,
Great Spirit and nature."
but it only became a country
You have not made this country
after much work and love by many
great. You have destroyed it and
people. Many men have died to
now you must pay the price with
E.eep it this way,
Our men and
your death, if necessary, through
boys will continue to die if
the poison air that you breathe
�ecessary to insure our freedom
and the polluted waters that you
and the freedom of people
drink.
�hroughout this world. We may not
You state that, "This was a
�e perfect, but if you can find a land, but it only became a
�etter place other than Heaven,
country after much work and love
:.et us know.
by many :r;eople." Who do you th:nk
So, if you want to be a nation you're kidding? Just who have you
:y yourselves, you don't have to
people ever loved but yourselves,
:ive in town, use our electricity, if you actually know what the word
��lephones, or work in our stores, means? You certainly have not
p:ants, etc. You don't have to
loved the Indians, or your people
s:eep better at night because
would not have plundered, raped,
and murdered us. You certainl�·
our military service is keeping
:ou free, You're lucky you have
have not loved the black man o�
you certainly would not have t�ied
f�ee land. We had to work hard
to get ours and have to pay taxes to enslave him. No, Mrs. Simmens,
you don't even love yourself o;
to �eep it, even if our grand
father owned it.
you would not have caused the ·
pollution of our air, land anc
-t•s about time you ask what
water which will eventually kill
you can do and be proud you're
you and your children, if no� all
part of this wonderful country.
mankind in your moronic reck:ess
Mrs. Betty Simmons
ness.
3 3 9 75th St.
Your grandfathers whom you say
From Akwesasne Notes, Jan. /Feb.,
1971)
"owned" this land, were nothin€
more than hypocrites who robbec,
cheated, raped and tortured tha
(Niagra Falls Gazette, Tues.
Indian people to steal this la�d
!iov. 3 , 1970)
away from us, and you people �re
still continuing your illega�
An Angry Reply for 'Tired'
wicked plunders against us a�d all
in the name of brotherly-love,
In response to Mrs. Betty
Simmons' letter "A Little Tired," humanity and so-called Christianity
You say, "This was a land, but
which appeared in the Oct. 29
it only became a country • • • , • • , • • "
issue of the Gazette, under
but little do you realize that we
Letter to the Editors
Indians had and still have a
�o begin with, Mrs, Simmons,
(continued on Page 12)
we Ir.dians detest your aborted
�-12�
(A n A ngry •
• •
cont. from Page 11)
Iroquois.
A lin� of dema rca tion
wa s esta blished on Oct. 22, 1784
constitu tion a nd government tha t
which deccla red a ll la nd west of
wa s a nd is fa r superior to the
A l ba ny to the territory of the
present da y U. S. government.
Six Na tions.
It wa s signed by
·lour a rchives in Wa shington a nd
Pre� ident Wa shingt on.
Alba ny will tell you , if you 'll
. The power of our treaties a re
only ta ke the time ou t to tu rn
a lso fou nd in the U.
S. Consti
�heir pages9 instea d of patting
tuti0n in A rt. 6 ·
Sect. 2. Rea d
you rself on you r ra cist ba ck ,
it,
It is you who is working in
�hat it wa s my Indian people ,
my city a nd my pla nt a nd my fa c
the Iroqucis C�nfederacy, who
tories. A nd if the U. S. Govern
��u ght you dem�cra cy in the first men4 a nd its brainwa shed, mis
pl2.ce.
gu ided citizens like you rselves
�s a ma tter of fa ct, we ga ve
do not review you r inju stices to
you� pla nners o f the Constitu tion the India ns, whether you a re
of �he U. S. the workings of ou r
"more tha n a little tired" or
government to a ssist you in the
not , someday you may be o n tria l
crea tion of yours· . You peopl e
before a n Internationa l Tribuna l
had nothing ih Europe tha t cou ld
to a nswer fnr you r crimes a gainst
ever be copied to form the U. S.
my people.
Government. You r Ma gna Ca rta
A nd la stly. Mrs. Simmons don't
wa s not a gu ide for you either,
ever make the mista ke of comparing
or you cou ld not ha ve rebelled
this present country as next to
a gainst you r own "mother cou ntry". hea ven. for I'm sure tha t you will
So you see,Mrs. Simmons, lik e
.
n�� find pollu ted a ir , land a nd
it or not, there wa s a nd still
water up there, a nf I'm su te tha t
is a government i)n this land
ra cia l discrimina tion, mu rder a nd
when your starving, thieving
·inj u stices dJ not preva il up
there , or were you aga in mi s
Pilgri� gra ndfa the rs a rrived to
begin their )00 yea rs of ma ssa cre tak enly referring to a different
a nd pilla ge of my people. You
destination?
sa y tha t if we wa nt t� be a
Ma d B ea r
Tu sca rora India n Reserva t ion
na t'ion by ou rselves tha t we don't
1883 Mou nt Hope Roa d
have to live in tJwn, u se you r
Lewiston
electricity, telephones , or work
(From A kwesa sne Notes, Jan. /Feb.
:n you r stores , plants, etc. You
1971. )
�a ke a lot for granted don't you ?
:ou do not own a nything u ntil
ynu pay for it!
Your electricity How India ns Hu nt Deer
B y B ill Geagan
�s generated through u se of ou r
��dia n wa ter. All you r ma chines
We ha d been crou ched at the
a nt fa ctories a nd everything were
forest edge , the Indian a nd I ,
produced from the na tu ra l re
only since sunset. Then, a ga inst
sou rc ·e-s of Indian land. You
the sk y's la st light , we sa w the
ha ve· not paid for it. Xou would
silhouette of a big buck . My
�a ve nothing if it were not for
new JO-JO ca rbine roa red once in
tte Indian.
You ha ve stolen
the dusk �t 10 paces a nd tbe de er
everything that you have from u s.
died.
Wty even the la nd you live on in
The large bu ck ha d come eut to
Niagara Falls does not ha ve a
a sma ll clover pa tch that l�Y .
cle�r title to it.
l ush a nd fiercely. green in a set
:our own u.s. Government ha s
If
ting of wild yellow ha y. He ha d
declared it to be my la nd.
come slowly , · from the south, just
you don't believe it, · rea d the ·
a s Sylvester· ·Francis , my friend
first treaty that was made be
of the Penobscot T ribe, ha d sa id
tween the Unit�d States Govern�
(continued on ·Pa ge 13)
ment a nd the Six Nations of the
�- 1 3-
( Ho w India ns
•
•
c ont . from P age 12 )
he w� ul d
Sylve st e r knew when and
whe re t o wa it 0 and how , in t he
Nove mbe r t wil ig ht , t 0 find l ight
eno ug h t o sho ot well- sight i ng
lo ng · a nd fipe aga inst t he fa int
af� ergl� w , hol ding it and draw
ing dq wn slowly t o t he shoulder
of t he silho uet t ed a nimP l .
Then 1 7 , I ha d fol l o we d his
inst ruct ions a nd t a ke n my fo urt h
dee r.
The ot he r t hree , t w� bag
ge d wit h my fat her's a ssist a nce ,
t he t h ird a l one , we re hunt e d down
wit h co nsi� e rabl e effo rt . No w I
st oo d in t he purpl e light o f eve
ning , happy a nd proud , lo oking at
my t rophy which ha d bee n a cq uire d
S Q e a sil y- t ha nks t o my frie nd.
I so o n learned in my asso
ciat i o n wit h t he Indians t hat un
l ike t he ave rage whit e hunt er,
the y neve r. � eek de er in j ust a ny
woo de d e nv 1 ronme nt , a nd t he y sel
do m st a l k t he q ua rr y .
The l onely
vigil in only ce rta in plac e s a nd
at o nl y cert a in t imes , is t he
fav o re d p ro ce dure. A nd it seldom
fa il s t o produc e .
T his is t ru e of all India n
hunt e rs o f Wa ine , N ew B run swic k,
a nd Que bec� rega rdle ss of t he ir
t ribe . Alt hough divide d int o
many diffe re nt t ribes , t he Ma ine
Indians a re a l l me mbe rs � f t he
Abna ki Nat i o n . Al l a re muc h a l ike
in ap pe ara nc e , be havio r , habit s,
and de e r- hun t ing pro c e dure s, wit h
a fe w va riat i o ns,
T he y a re mo st l y loners whe n
hu nt ing , fi shing , o r t ra pping , a nd
c e rt a in l y n eve r wel co me t he c o m
pa nion ship o f t he whit e ma n. I
was fo rt unat e .
I got t o know ma ny
Indian s.
I l ike d t hem , a nd t he y
l ik e d me ,
Of c o urse , · r ha d my
fe w fav o ri t e s. One of t he m, lo ng
a very c lo se friend , is He nry Red
Eagle , an Algonq uin, l o ng a po p
ular lVioo se he a d Lak e gu ide , a nd a
forme r showma n and mot io n pic t ure
pe rfo rme r.
Alt hough I . nev e r hunt e d with
R e d Eagle , while fishing fro m his
canoe we plan ne d j au nt s for dee r
toge t he r t hat fo r on� re a s o n o r
anothe r have never mat e r ia l i z e d.
• .
·
He ha s, ho wever , � xpla i ned t o me
t he ways o f t he woo ds, t he whit e
tail , a nd t he : ndia n. He sa ys
t hat the India n hunt er wa it s fo r
t he deer t o come to him in st e ad
of go ing to t he de er because he
is fol lowing t he plan of his e a rly
a nce st ors whose wea po n wa s only
t he comparat ive ly wea k and short
ra nge bo w wit h. flint -t ipped
arrows,
"If we'd ha d t he po werful bo ws
a nd arro ws o f today, �e wo ul d st ill
own t his count ry, " R,ed Eagl e oft en
sa id t hrough a t oot hy grin. A
not her o f h is favo rit e remarks , .
.
an d o ne t hat ha s. help ed . me g re '.3.t
l y in hunt ing t he de e r suc ce ss
ful l y is :
"Th� dee r hunt er who
wa l ks more t han o ne mil e a day is
wa l king t o o much. The Indian
.
wal ks a lit t l e and sit s a lot , but
t he average whit e man usua l l y go es
on a hike. "
Chief Needa hbeh , a P e n o bs c t , .
a l so fa me d a s a guide a nd sho w
ma n , wa s ano t her o f my favo rit es,
His t ricks in pu rsuit of t he
whi t et a il were many a nd a ma zingly
suc ce ssful . A l wa ys he p reyed on
t he fierce �at u�a l c urio sit� o �
t he species. T he most inc redib l e
o f his t ric ks c a used a handsome
buck lit e ra l l y t o st ic k o ut his
neck for me.
.
W e had c rossed a sma ll ponJ in
his c eda r-and-canva s c a noe an e
mil d Nove mber a ft ernoo n a nd en
t e re d a wide a nd slo w�flo wing o ut
l et s t re a m t hat t wist e d bet ween
t wo spra wl ing wil d mea do ws. Nee
da hbeh pulle d in cl ose under t he
ban k where tall c oa rse g ra ss hung
over l ike a wat erfall . · Grinning �
he bega n t o dra w t he flat wet
paddl e bla de ve ry slowl y ac ross
t he nea res·t t hwa rt - aga in a nd aga. in.
It creat e d a we ird sq uea king ,
sq ue a l ing sou� . He c ont in ued t he
pro cedure eve ry few minut e s , st il l
grinning a nd l oo king up, " B e
ready B ill , j ust in c a se, " h�
a dv ise d.
.
I ha d l it t l e fait h in his t ric k
a nd c a me v ery nea r go ing int o a
buc kfever fre e ze - up whe n , lo and
b eho ld , t he hea ds and out stre t c he d
( c o nt in ue d o n Page 1 4)
�-1 4n THE WR I T IN G O N T H E WA LL "
AT TH.G
t ha t t h e ;fh i te l•1a n d o e s n o t unde r
s ta n d t h e m .
And e ve ry mo v e th a t
t he G o v e rnme nt ma ke s goe s t o prove
it .
T H'£ OF T H E LON GE ST
S H A DOWS
•
•
•
.
.
•
On the G r a n d R i ve r La nd s
0 f t he S i x na t i o n s I r o q uo i s C o n
fe d e r a c y , ne a r B r a n t f o r d , O n t a r i o
C a na da , l iv e mo re t ha n 1 , 500
�o l l owe r s o f t h e Lo ng H o u se Ee l
� g i n n , o f t h e c o d e o f Ha nd some
�a ke - Ga -ne -n - d i -yo , a nd of the
p r0 p he t De g a na w i d a h .
The s e pe o p l e
d re t h e H o de no s h o n ne e s . T h e y
s re t he supp 0 r te r s o f t h e he re d � t a ry c h ie f t a n s o f t h e S i x N a t i o n
:i- r'J quo i s C o nfe de.ra c y , t he tre a t y
rr,a k ing ch i e ft a n s , whd .s t i l l me e t
r e q til a rly i n cb u n c i l l t o d a y ·
� nd wh o rul � d t h e pe o pl e u n t il
t �� b l a c k da y in 1 92 4 whe n the
�e oq ra l Gov e r nme nt o f C a na da
3 t r ip p e d t h e m o f t h a t p o we r a nd
b a r r e d the m f r o m t he ir own c o un c i l
r
h o u ss .
The s e p e o pl e s t i l l fa i thful l y
�e r f� rm t he r i tua l s a nd c e r e mo n i e s
: f th e i r f � r e fa t he r s , f o r t he
� e ne f i t o f a ll ma nk i n d .
The y
�q r e t o l d tha t t he i r t re a t i e s
�� u l d l a s t a s l n ng a s t he g ra s s
grows , a nd the w a te r f l ows ,
a :.1 the sun s h i ne s " .
T h i s why
t �q y go t h rough w i th t h e i r
� e r e mo ni e s to p r a y fo r t he gra s s
& n d t h e wa t e r a nd t h e c r o p s ,
� nd the we a th e r - f o r t he g o n d
o -:_
"
all
pe o p l e ,
not
j u s t t he m s e �. v e s
T�e y f e e l t h a t by d o i ng so t h e y
wi l l be a bl e t o pro l o ng t h e i r
�re a t ie s � nd t he i r own p re c i o u s
wc.. y o f l if e .
nowe ve r , t h e s e pe o p l e a re
wo r r ie d . De spe r a t l e y wo r r i e d .
The y ha v e be e n thre a te ne d
with
t he e xt i n c t i o n o f the i r wa y o f
l if e , ye t s t i l l the y r e me mb e r
" a s l o n g a s t h e g ra s s grows ,
a n d the wa t e r f l ow s " .
Man y o f
t h e m fe e l t h a t w e a-re ne a r t h e
e nd . f o r t he ir p ro phe c i e s ha ve
to l d t he m t h a t t he e nd of t h e m
i s · the en d o f us a l l .
The y fe e l
t h a t we a re i n " t he t ime o f t he
The i r t re a t i e s a r e be i ng
b r o ke n .
The i r r i gh t s ha ve be e n
i g n o re d a nd c o nve n i e n t l y fo r go t te n
Tho u s a n d s
f o r ma ny l o n g ye a r s .
o f C a na d ia n s a re n ' t e ve n a wa r e
t ha t the se pe o p l e e x i s t a ny mo re .
P r o po se d Gnve r nrne nt Le g i s a t i � n
wo u l d s t r i p from t h e m the i r r i ght
n f b ir t h t o p r o u dly p r n c l a im t h e m
s e l v e s the " Ong - ·J e h -Hwa �We h " the
Or ign a l Pe o p le .
The y ha ve be e n
t o l d t h a t t h e y a re t o be ma de
C a na d i a n G i t i z e n s , " j us t l ike
e ve ryo ne e l s e " but t h e y j u s t don ' t
" Y o u a re C�na
ha p pe n t o wa n t to .
d i a n s " s a y the H o n o ra b l e Me s s ie tt
r s Tr d e a u a nd C hre t ie n .
"We
a re no t c a na d ia n s w e a re t h e Ong
_
We h -Hwa -We h n say the o r ig i na ..1..
Our p e o p le we re h e r e
people .
�t
l o n g b e f o r e C a na da wa s e ve n tho u&·
�
�
of. "
S e e h o w t he p ro p o s e d c ompu:
s o ry c hq nge s in the uni que s t a � us
.
o f the O ng -We h -Hwa - � h d i re c t�y
0N
a b r o ga te t he U N IV � HS L DE C LARATI
O F H UMAN RI GHT S , wh i c h wa s a d�� r, � d .
t i o 1.
a nd p ro c l a ime d a t t he U ni te d ; a
.
&
i n De c e mb e r 1 94 8 , C a na da i s
t h e U n i t e d N a t io n s � n �
me mbe r of
i s swo r n to uph o l d a l l it s �r i�c p l e s T he U n i ve r s a l D � c l a r� t i � n
�
>
o f H uma n Righ t s pro v i de s i n Art
c le
1 5 t ha t :
( 1 ) Eve ryo ne ha s t h e r ig ht
5
to
�
.
n a t i o na l i t y .
( 2 ) No o n e sha l l be _ a r b i � ra r 1 �
d e p r i ve d of _ h i s _ � a t i o na l 1 t y �- �
d e p r iv e d t h i s r i g h t t o c h a n c e
:
h i s Na t i ona l i t y .
t�
It i s o n e t h i ng f o r C a na da
de o ve r a . h��
i gn o r e t re a t ie s ma
n�
d re d ye a r s a go , but to my m i
eak
i t i s qu i t e a no t he r th i ng to �
y
p l e dge ma de a s re c e n �
a s o l e mn
�
f
a s 1 94 8 t o ge t he r w i t h a l l th�
N a t io n s o f the f r e e wo rl d .
• ·
Who a re we , I a sk , t o te�:
s e pe o p l e who t h e y are an� 1 5 )
t he
( Cont . �n
wha t t h e y mu s t do i
lllli
i
..___.._........iiiillll.....____
�-16-
( The Wr i t ing
•
•
•
Cont . from 1 5 )
of a ny l e gi s l a t i o n t ha t wo uld
ma ke the m a s on w i t h t he Whi t e
man .
The y wa nt t o be a s f a r
a p a r t a s po s s ib l e whe n t h a t
t i e m c ome s !
The se pe o ple k now wh a t
the y a r e t a lk ing a bout .
They
h a ve ne v e r a l l owe d the d a y - t
· to -day s t ruggl e f o r survi va l
in a ma t e ria l i s t i c so c ie ty
to e c l ip se t h e i r a n c i e n t
truths · a nd w i s doms .
T h e Iro quo i s
shoul drpk now fo r a f t e r a l l ,
the y r a re the t r i be s o f the
Ea s te rn Woo d l a nd s a nd , a s such ,
we re growi ng crop s o n thi s
cont i ne n t many tho u s a nd s of
ye a r s b e f ore the Wh i te ma n
d i s c � v e r e d i t i n 1 492 .
And
le t s f a c e i t , we ' ve t urne d
the i r la nd i n t o o ne giga nt i c
ga r ba ge dump .
Do you doubt t h e m ? Will
you he e d the ir warn ing s ?
If
you c a re you mus suppo r t them
i n the i r de c i s io n s to s ta nd
a l o ne , i f t h i s i s wha t the y
wa nt .
Prote s t now t he l e g i s
l a t i on t ha t woul d r o b t h e m
o f the ir b irthfigh t .
Help
t he m i n the i r s truggle a ga i n st
p l a n s t o ma ke them ' i n s tant
citizens ?
Re c o g n i z e t h e Sove r i gn ty
the s ix Na t i o n s I r o quo i s
C o nfe d e ra cy wh i c h ha s e x i s t e �
from a l l a ge s .
A na t io n wh i c h
ha s ne ve r surre nde re d i t s s o v
re ignty , a nd wh i c h ha s ne ve r
be e n d e fe a te d
( ont the c o n
tra ry t h e Iro quo i s we re A l l ie s
of th e Crown ) .
A Na tm n wh i ch
ha s ne ve r g ive n up i t s r i gh t
t o se l f gove rn .
of
•
•
•
If you doub t a ny o f the se
truth s p le a s e fe e l fre e to
che c k out the fa c t s wi th a ny
S c i e nt i s t , E c o l og i s t , o r H i s
t o r ia n .
The y wil l ve r i fy e ve ry
wo rd .
If you wo uld l e a rn mo re
a bout t he Sove re i snty o f the
S ix Na t i o n s C o nfe d era cy , o r a b out
the Pro p he c i e s wh i c h the se pe o p le
h a ve �o r a ll ma nk ind you a re
inv i t e d t o v i s i t the Iro quo i s
v i ll a ge o n the Gra n d Rive r L a nd s
o n summe r Sund ay a f t e rno o n s
to me e t the fa i thful ke epe r s
o f the Longhouse Chie f J o se ph
Loga n , h i s W i fe V e r na , the ir
family a nd frie n d s
( John Morl e y )
( ttHa -Le h�We h -S a i l
- La i " )
( T ronto Cana da )
( Fe brua ry , 1 970 � )
Fl OYD WE STERMAN
RECORDS I N D I AN
P ROTE ST ALBUM
BY GWEN OWLE
S ioux pro te s t s i nge r Floyd
He s t e rma n ha s a new a l bum out
e nt i tle d " Cu s te r Die d for You S i n s "
The sa rdo� i c l yr i c s we re wr i t t e n
by J immy Curt i s and a r e ba se d
upon _ the Boo k . by ..V ine D� lo�ia _Jr .
De l o r ia a l s o a uthore d 'the c o ve r
no te s ,
H e compare s We s t e rma n .
o t the " e ya p a ha , the c rye r o f o l d
who summo ne d t h e camp t o · a c t· i o n .
Floyd will pro vide t he s p � r k .
the ba dly ne e de d war s o ng s . that
thousa nd s h a ve wa ite d to he a r . "
The Album shoud h a ve a w i de
aud ie n c e ; a l o ng wit h a mo de rn i z e d
ve r s i o n of the S i o ux 4 9 s o ng s
a bout p o l lu ti o n a pd · ra ce re l a t i o n s
lance
Ot he r s o ng s sha f t a v i br a nt
i n t o t he r e serv·a ti o n mi s s i o na ry
e ffor t Wa s h ing t o n Ta c kfois ce s
a nd the ubigu ito u s · �nthro p o l o gi s t s "
who s t ill ke e p c oming , l ike d e a th
a n d taxe s to our l a nd ; to s tudy
the i r fe a th e r e d fre a k s w i t h funde d
money in the i r ha nd ;, .
·
·
My favo r i t e , Whe re Wre you
is a b i t t e r que s t i o n .
"Whe re we re yo.u whe n w e ne e d e d
you o u r frie nd
Whe n ,
Whe re we re you whe n we ne e d e d
yo u t o ben d
Now you c l a im t o b e p a r t
S i o ux o r. - Che r o ke
·
�( " THE
JR I T I N G 11
-1 5 -
•
•
•
c o nt . )
A t t h i s " t ime n f the Lo nge st
Sha �0� s " I wa n � � o pa s s on to .
you t t e · �ro p he c i e s whJ c h h a ve
be e n t o l d to me by t he Ho de nn sho
nne e s .
A l m A c ro s s C a n a da , �rom
� he M i c -Ma c i n the Ea s t to the
�a i da in the We s t , the Or i g i na l
?e o ple ha ve th e i r p r o p he c ie s ,
e nd the y ta lly to a re ma rka ble
�e gre e .
Here the n , a re some of
the pro p he c i e s o f t he Iro quo i s
"Whe n Ma n c a n no l o nge r dr i nk
th e wa t e r of the s p r i ng a n d the
stre am , t he n ,.,e are ge tt ing ne a r
to t he e n d �
•
.
•
"Whe n t h e Tre e s s t a r t t o
d ie from t h e to p t he n w e a re
r.e a r the e n d . "
"Whe n the b i r d s c a nnn t ma ke
tr1e i r ne s t on the ground the n
we a r � ge t t ing ne a r th e e nd .. "
"Whe n t he · e a r s o f c o rn o ur �
s�ppo rte r grow ne a r t o t h e ground
we a re ge t t i ng n e a r the e nd . "
" The re w i l l b e a g re a t dark
�e ss c o me ove r the e a r t h , we
�a ve b e e n to ld to ma ke sure we
?- lwa-y s . ha ve e nough ·foo d in t he
�ou s e f o r the l o ng , ' da r k t i me
-:.ha t i. s t o c ome . "
T
"l ERNA LOGAN ( Mo hawk ) wife o f
Shi e f J o se ph Lo gan Iro quo i s v i l l
a ge , S i x Na t i o n s G r a n d R i ve r
::..;;3. nd s .
n The e n d wi l l c ome w i t h
o :ld c ove r ing t h e wa te r s , thi s
w: � 1 c a t ch f i re a nc e ve ryth ing
w: 1 1 b ur n . "
� H IE F JO SE PH LOG AN
·
Mo hawk )
1 Ha - St a -We a �� se r>:� E a -TAH '
:ro quo i s V il l age , S i x Na t io n s
�rand R ive r . La nd s
"�hen o ur c h i l dre n c a n no l o nge r
s p e a k o u r La ngua ge s , t h e n it
is ne a r t he e nd . "
" The C re a t o r s a i d t h a t f i r st
ne woul d t a ke t h e c h i l dre n .
Cme day you w i l l wo nde r whe re
a re a l l the ch i l dre n .
I t is 1
true ma ny of our wome n do no t
wa nt to ha ve c h ildre n a nymore ,
s o you s e e t he c h i l dr e n a re
be ing t a ke n f ir s t . "
"T he t ime o f the p r o he c ie s
i s he re , now .
The a i r i s dy ing
the wa t e r too .
The pl a nt s a re
no t grow ing pro pe rly . "
"\lfuen my p e o ple s hf:3-ll
ga t h e r t o ge the r ih gro up s a l l
s c ro ss t h e l a n d s a y i ng "Wh a t
sha l l we do ? "
the n th i s ne a r
to t he e nd .
A n d t h i s i s wha t
we a re do i ng now ! "
•
•
•
A c k l i n Davey
( Mo hawk )
Six Na t io n s Gra nd rt i v e r La nd s .
( The se pro p he c ie s , I h a ve
be e n t o l d ha ve be e n h a n de d
down s i n c e the t ime o f chr i s t
.
a � d o f the Pro phe t De ga nawi da h ) J . M
" The re a re no t so ma ny
b i rds a nymo r e , you hardly s e e
a wo o dp e cke r The b ird � fe e l
o n t h e i n se c t s t h a t kill the
pla nt s a nd t r e e s . "
" The re a re n ' t the i n se c t �
"
The yS ve
fo r t he b ir d s to e a t .
Ma n i s g? in�
be e n p o i s o ne d .
Everyt hi� ¥ � s
aga i n s t na ture .
The f i sh a re dyin g .
chang i ng .
The wa t e r i s d irtr . "
W i l l a m Smith
( Mo hawk )
S ix Na t i o ns Gra n d R ive r Lan d s
Eve ry o ne o f o ur Ori gina :
P e o p l e I ha ve t a l ke d to who . ,
follo ws the o l d way s a nd s � 1 1 _
re ta i n s t h e a n c i e n t wi s d oma ,
G � o r ge �
say the same t h ing .
s The Noo tka Art i s t Wr� t e r
Clute
t o l d m� tha t " the Whi t e R a i.:�
l
i s de s tr o y i ng i t se l f , ana � i � .
it.
take the ' Ind ia n ' P e o p le wi t n
I f th e e nd i s ne a r , a �
i t : s no
ne a r a s ne a r the e nd
the Or i g i na l Pe 0p.l e
r
wo nd �
a cro s s C a na da to� � Y wa n r. no
•
•
�( We s te rma n
c l� se
•
•
•
- 1 7-
C o n t . from page l6 )
But Whe re you whe n we
to t he e nd . "
c ame
"We mu s t h a v e ro ya l i ty o i l
flow.ing oe f o i:-e tha t t ime or� fa c e
Bankrup � c y !·-" · Egan 's t a t e d . :n
The Al bum c a n be o rdere d
from t he I nd ia n Commun i t y A c t io n ·
. Ma ny of ._the -E sk imq_ · '- · _Ind i n .
Bro gram ; - Vemi d j i · S t a te Co l l e ge ,
� nd . l e ut s . · . p� ople of Ala.ska l i'1:e
Yemid j i , Minn . , 5 660 1 fo r $ 5 . 2 5 .
in a : 'i e ve l - o f po ve r ty be low tha t
Yo u ha ve t o a dmire the Pre c e p t i o n o f a nx _ . o f our _ o t he r Ame r i c ans . ·
Re c o rd Company ' s mo de s ty Howe v e �
I wa s pe r s i s t a nt a nd gor th-:� ir
. "We c a nno t lo c k up all the
va s t na tural re sour c e s of t he
a ddr€ s s o ff t he J a c ke t u s i ng a
ma gn ifying gla s s .
1 6 5 We s t sta te o f Ala s ka i n e ve ry co rne r
It i s
4-6 th S tre e t , New Yo rk N . Y . 1 003 $ , of t he la nd ignor ing t he c ry o f
( From the Che ro ke e O ne Fe a ther p o ve r ty ) of huma n wa n t , o f huina n
We d ne s d a y , N o v . 11 , 1970 )
igno r a n c e · a·nd d i se a se wh i c h i t
is i n o u r powe r t o cure . "
�,
. ALASK� . GOVERNOR - SAY S
OIL P I PE L I NE
BOON · To NAT IVE S
A
Wa s h i ng t o n ( Q P I ) l a ska Go v .
Willam A . Egan s a id Mo nda y t he
pro spe r i t y of h i s s t a t e and i t s
pe o ple h i nge s o n a pproval o f the
c ontre ve r s io nal tra ns -Al a s ka n
o il P ip e l i ne .
Al a s k a nE sk imo and Ind i a n
repre s e nta t i ve s , . howe ve r , j o ine d
· c o n se rva t io n i s t in o p p o s i ng the
$1 . b il l io n p i e pe l i ne . I t would
c a r�y o il · 800 mile s south from
Ptudhoe Bay to Va lde z for s h i pme nt
by: t a nke r t o t he U . S . We s t c oa s t .
·
�
But R i c h a rd Fra nk , s e c o nd
Chief of lviinto , an I nd i a n V i l l a ge
20 mile s from the Pipe l ine � i t� ,
And Cha rle s Edwa r d s o n Jr .
e xe cu t i ve D ire c t o r of t he Art i e
siop N a t i ve A s s o c i a t io n wp i c h
repre s e nt s 5 , 000 Ala s k a n E sk imo s
coul d
a r gue d · tha t the p i pe l ine
ru in t he trapp i ng , hun t i ng
wh i c h suppo r t s t he ir pe o poe .
" The E s k imo i s the forgo t t e n
E dwa rd s o n sa i d "
n".
ma
Why :--· i s i t · t}1a t �Je q t e rn c i v:Ll i z a t i o n wo r r i e� · a bout th ings a nd
doe s no t woriy a b out p� o p l e " .
.c
.
�
_ Edwa r d s o n . sa id . if th e � ipe ld
l ine mus t b� built E sk imo s sho�
sha re . in th e pro f i t s a nd be _ pa o �
1 5 . do l l � r s for e ve ry ga l l 6 n of
oil s p il le d .
•
·
·
•
•
·
I nt e r i o r Se c r e tary Ro ge r s
C . B . Mo rton ho s t ing a publ i c h e a
ing on t he p ro j e c t s ·e n vi o rm e nta I
ha z a rd s , prom i s e d to we igh t he
va lue of Ala s k a ' s Wi lderne s s a s
Fra nk s a i d Mint o ' s 1 60 r� s he a v ily a s the po t e n t i a l r i c he s
: ·o f t he pe tr o le um 9 e ve lo pme nt be for ei. d e nt s · fe q e d the o il me n woul a
s
rlil ing o n t he i s su e .
He p ro m i s e d d � ma ge I n d i a n La nd � a z: d s trec!'.lm .
l ik e p ro spe c t or s d i d i n . the Art i e
str inge n t sa fe gaurd s but a d de d
gold ru sh in de c a de s pa � t .
" I c a nno t e ndo rse t h e p h i l o s o phy
th a t we mu s t . i npo $ e a mora t o r ium
Re p s . _ J o hn D . D i nge ll , D �
on re s o ur c e d e ve � q pme nt fore ve r
.
Mi ch . a nd Le s A sp in , D i W i s , · te s
.
in t he Art i e . " :
t i f i e s tha t t he Inte r i o r De pa rt
· Ega n s a i d o il re ve nµe wa s t he me n t s s a fe gua rd s aga ins t rup ture
of t he p ipe l i ne a nd. o t �e r ha z ar � s
s t a te ' s s o l e hope of pro v i d i ng
we re i nsuff i c ie nt Dinge ll wa r�£><l
s e rv i ce s · a nd o ppurtun i t ie s for
· .
of . the "e nvio rmen tal d i s a s ter"
. i t s pe ople .
H e s a i d the
$900
..oil
mil l io n A � a s ka · go t from o i l le� s e a nd s a i d . Ala ska ' s nor t h . sJ , � ri� t
·....- a n a
sho uld b e .b:ip c. .j_ J1 -co-_oqo.:: :i
c: : l . �- 8 _ j "!'1 · �- c; A 9 wo ul d b e gone
by
..
1 ' '.· - ;
•
,•
I
• ._
l
f' .Ar J . '·� -t-..-:- .. L
�-1 8 MA H : E A G A I IS B I LKE D
OU T O F I T S
C E LLU LO I DS C RE D I T S
B y K e n Bu c k l e y
�
.
Pa r a m o u n t P i c tur e s , Ma j e s t i c
m o u nt a i n u s e d i n t h e t i tl e s i s
re a l l y f l a t t o p p e d Mt . K a t a h d i n
w i t h a s u p e r impo s t e d p e a k .
Th i s a t y o u k now , i s a n
o u t a nd o ut l i e .
But i t s o ne
we a re l i a b l e to s p re a d unle s s
P a r a mo un t g i ve s Ma ine A l i t t l e
c re d i t f o r u s i ng Ka t a d i n .
S o u r d n a hunk F a l l s , a d o z e n n r s n
Pa s s a ma q un d d y I n d ia n s a n d a b i t
o f B a c t e r S t a t e P a r k t o f i lm
" A N E', : L Li A F "
( B DN l'-'io n d a y Ma r . 5 · . 1 97 1 )
I ND I A N S
S E T N ,�foJS S TRA I G H T
O l d Town - Whe n y o u g o t o s e e
" A N e w Le a f t h e I n d i a n s a pp e a r ing
in the P i s tur e a re PE N O B S C O T no t Pa s s a ma q uo d dy , a s t he N e w s
a nd o t he r pe o p l e ha ve be e n l e d
t o b e l i e ve .
J o h n S a p p i e r n f I nd ia n I s l a nd
O l d T ow n , s e t t he re c o r d s t r a i g ht
Fri day .
He s h o u l d k now .
Sa p p i e r
t o o k a bo u t 2 5 T r i be me mbe r s t o
t he K a t a h d i n re g io n i n 1 969 whe n
the mo t i o n p i c t ure wa s ma d e
( B DN
3 / 6/71
A s K E S K IMO LAN GU A GE U SE
IN T E A C H I N G E S K IMO S
AT GRA DE LE VE L S
Ye l l � w s t o n e , MWT - T h e N o r
t h we s t Te rr i t o r i e s t e a c h e r s A s s
o c i a t i o n s R t t he i r a nnua l me e t i ng
pa s se d a re s o l ut i o n c a l l ing f o r
a g re a te r u s e o f t he E sk imo La n
gua ge i n t e a c h i ng E s k i mo s tu d e n t s .
T h e A s so c ia t i o n s a i d t h a t
" I t i s t o t he c u l t u r a l e nr i c hme n t
o f a l l C a na d ia n s t o p r e s e r c e t he
E sk imo l a ngua ge a s a wo r k i ng l a n
g1.1 ,-=? P., o. . "
I t a d cl e d t h a t ma ny b a s i c
C < Y· 1 · · , ·: T ) 'i'. 'J r.:: : :: n
. :-: :.. L i . ·:. . J �· -.")
1 .. -:..
m ·-i - t
::
'Y'e r' j
l y
n a t i ve la ngu a g e
T he t e a c h e r s group a s ke d �
t h a t t h e i n s tru c t i o n to E sk im� :
s tu d n e t s be gi ve n i n t h e i s k imo
l a ng u a g e t o t he c o re a re a s o f re
p r i !i a ry gra d e s a c c o mo a ni e d by <.
s t r o n g e mph a s i s o n th e � ng l i s h
l a ngua g e .
A t t h e mo re a dv a n ce d
grade leve l s .
t h e te a c h e r s a s ke d
t h a t E s k i mo , l a nguage t e a c h e i ng
be p r o v i de d .
The a s s o c i a t i o n a l s o a s k e d
tha t s c h o o l i n s t ru c t i o n b e p ro v i d
e d a s mu s c h a s po s s i b le i n a s tu
de n t s h ome s e t t l e me n t : tha t mo re
a dul t e du c a t i o n ma te ra i l
a d e qu a t e
b e ma d e a v a i l a bl e a n d t h a t � s k imo
a dult s be e n c o urage d to p r e s e rve
t ra d i t i o na l a r t s , c ra f t s m a nd s k i l l ;
( C ont . from J )
( Th e Dim i n i sh ing Dom in i on )
the P en o b s c n t T r i be an d the
newly e s t abl i sh e d s tate of Mai n e ,
.
' al l th at was l e f t of the Tribe ' s
s s ive l an d are a wa s f u�
onc e ma
town sh i p s of s i x m i l e s sq � ar�
e ac h , an d 146 i s lan d s beg i nnxn g
a t· O l d Town , M a ine and runn i ing
up rive r to the s o uth of th e
Mat tawamke ag R ive r .
F o r one t� und e r s ta� d th e
bac krn und n e c e s sary to a t temp �
to an swe r th i s q u e s ti n n o f ill
e gally depriva t i on o f Tri bal l an d �
i t wo ul d b e n e c e s s ary t o re turn
t o p re - 1 7 1 3 and e x amine En � i sh
l aw and Engl u s h c o u s tom an�
th e n t o f o l l nw thi s l aw � 1 J
In
c n u s t om thro ugh t t o 1 8 2 0
th s i way o n e � p rep are him s e lf
wi th s uf f i c en t b a c kr o un d t o
then c on s i d� r the p o s s i b l e an s wer .
•
( T o Be C on t i n ue d in N e x t
I s s ue l
G e o rge an d Ha z e l Lorin g c e l e brat e d
the i r 58 th ye ar n f marr i age �n
]\.'.; ;.; r- �� :1. 1 9 c J. 9 7 1 , the y re s i d e o n
· 1 ! � rl.1. ?..Yl T � d �l.c� � ;:in·j J { , 1 �re 9 c h i l q_rcn .
�� ;�i.i < <��. 1� S ... :i·. ":: d10 i r
.
..___________ _ ____
_ _ __
f.· 1: .
.
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter </em>(March 1971)
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
Date
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1971-03
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin (or Colby) College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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Text
.�
�
VOLUME
3,
SL E
MARCH 1 9 69
NUMBER 7
H� I N C K L E Y -R E S I G N S
On Thur sday, Mar ch 20th , Edward C. Hinckley,
S ta t e Departmen t o f Indian Affa ir s re signed.
Commi s s i oner of the Ma ine.
The follow ing i s a copy o f a Jetter
of explana t i on s e n t by Mr. Hin ckley to var ious Indian off icials and others
intere s t ed in the Indian Departme nt.
"I have ju s t r e s igned as Comm i s s i oner o f Indian Affa ir s.
was no t made at
demand s .
the reque s t o f G overnor Cur t i s ,
It wa s ba sed on
Thi s de c i sion
nor be cau se of leg i sla t ive
the conv i c t ion tha t t he p o s i tion of Commi s s ioner
(as i t now ex i s t s ) and my capab il i t i e s
(wha tever they are ) don' t ma t ch.
I have a s trong
"I have no o t he r job in s ight and no s pe c i f i c plan s.
de s ir e
to c on t inue my edu c a t ion and t r a in ing in commun i ty developme n t and to
I hope to be able
have a chan ce to re-examine my own thought s and feeling s.
to continue working with Ind ian s if there are way s I can be o f serv i c e t o
I have made many c l o s e
them.
year s and the i r
support
3�
per s on a l fr iends in Ma ine during the pa s t
and enc ourageme n t ha s been exc i t ing and e s sent ial
to me.
"Gove rnor Cur t i s ha s promi sed to under take a s ign i f i c an t n a t i on-wide- re
cru i t ing e f f or t
to obtain a new Commi s s ioner and ha s al s o sta ted h i s
int en
t ion of u til i z ing the serv i c e s o f the 3 Tr ibal Governors a s a s creen ing com
mi t t ee
to approve any appli cants..be fore appointmen t .
Departme n t will c on t inue
In the me an t ime,
the
to fun c t ion.
"From tho s e o f you who are d i s turted or d i sappoin ted at my de c i s i on, I
a s k pat i e n ce and under s t anding.
I believe t h i s de c i s ion wa s the be s t po s
s ible one that I cou ld have made ,
bu t only t ime will te ll.
(Signed)
Edward C.
Hinckley
Commi s s ioner
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
The following are minu t e s of a meeting betzween Governor Kenne th M.
and the Gove rnor s p f the Passamaquoddy and Penobs cot Indian Tr ibe s;
Cur t i s
G overnor Curtis said he has been advised there is approximately $2,000
left in the Department of Indian Affairs account.
There are about $17,000
in bills that haven't been submitted to the state.
At present the
Departrrent needs $94,000 in order to complete the fiscal year that ends
June 30, 1969.
The Governor plans to �sk the Executive Council for $4,000 a week
e ach week, starting next Wednesday, to pay for the costs of maintaining
the welfare program of the Department until the lsgislature acts.
In regards to the Indian Commissioner, the Governor said his resig
nation is something he decided to do.
He was not fired, nor was he asked
�- 2 Rodney L. Scribner, the deputy commissioner of finance and adminis
tration, wihl assume the responsibilities of the comu1issioner, ra king
sure that all programs initiated by Corru:iissioner Hinckley are continued.
Scribner hns been working with Hinckley in the past few months in an
effort to keep the books balanced.
He was also a member of the legislature
in the last session and werved on the Appropriations Committee.
also a Certified Public Accountant.
The
S94,000
Legislature has informe
the Governor it
fund request until they are convinced
the
He is�
vill not approve the
books of the dep,rtmant
are straightened out.
In
nutshell,
a
commicsinner.
the Governor said:
We are broke,
and we have no
Hinckley told the Governor he decided to leave his post
because he felt the problems between the department and the legislature
might be straightened out faster with him out of
the picture.
The Governors of the tribes,
and thiir aids,
things could be straigh\ened out as
concerned.
For one tl1ing,
the
pointed out th�t several
far as r-i.dmjnjstering the funds are
I ndians now have to go to
to meet the dep�rtruent's repre entatives,
a
Calais hotel
and they feel he should be wore
accessible to them and be on the reservation.
Governor Curtis snid he will institute
n
search for
new com�issioner,
a
trib�l governors and a represent�tive from the Personnel
but he wants the
Department to form a screPtling committee to review all applicants for
the
job.
He also wants to meet period· c;i.lly with the
keep
abreast of any problems on the
"Later
reservations,
I8d like to see a time when the
this program,
or parts of it.
be able to receive
There is
a check every
IndL·ns so they 11iay
or vith the
departwent.
Indians themselves administer
o reason why the
qu rter from the State,
Indians shouldn't
then adwinister
its use tre same way anyone would handle their accounts."
Governor l"iitchell then told the Governor ho:1 upset he was th think
that a prohlem that had been in the making for yec.rs,
the feet of the legislature,
tration because he
door to the
should come
and was laid at
during Governor Curtis'
ad .•inis
was the first state governor in history to open his
indi.ns and really try to do something for them because he
recog1d.zed that their problems vrnre problems for the •,1hole state,
just the
Indians.
not
He said that Comruissioner Hinckley has been the first wan who has
been able to muster support for the
Indians from all
state's societies, and he has recruited new
action grouvs and the re,t.
segwents of the
groups froill churches,
He asked that Commissioner hinckley be asked to
social
!ithdraw his resig-
n ation.
Governor Stevens said th�t his people are very uiset about Hinckley's �e��
leaving
and said his people don't
1ant to go back to the old
ways,
they
want to continue the programs that Hinckley has started to help them
get
back in step with tl1e rest of the Nation.
Hinckley •
•
•
•
The Governor of Maine said that he will l.:e
ble to keep Hinckley,
"If Hinckley would stay on the
fine with me",
job,
in sowe capacity,
it would be
the Governor said.
"We are having growing pains in this new
"the Gov.ernor
desk to hurt this
(Continued
glad to do anythi11g possi
but he pointed out that his resignd.tion ap:"'ears
to be final.
ment,
They don't want to lose
"He is the only one who ho.s stood up for us."
said,
"but
department,
on page
10)
de1).,...rtment of state govern-
if the legi.sl.g,ture ever puts
a
bill on my
I wj 11 veto it and 11·t.n.ke sure the veto holds.
�(3)
E D I T
THE
0
R I
A L
S
•.AHlE INDIAN NEr·i.SLETTI:;R
EDITOR:
( mrs. ) Eugenia T. Thompson
( Penobscot )
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the f ollorling address: -Maine Indian Newsletter
42 Liberty Street
Gardiner, Maine
04345
Tel.
532-5435
*****
*****
It doesn't take great men to do
things, but it is doing great things
that makes men great.--Arnold Glasow
*****
TJillTTS
In constitutional law, a person
chosen by the people to represent their
several interests in a lGgislative
body is called Representativ�.
The meuber o f the Penobscot In
dian Tribe a.nd the 1.iember of the P as
samaquoddy Indian Tribe elected to re
present his tribe at the biennial as
sembly of the Legislature shall receive
a cou ensation o f
500 for such attend
ance and travel at each legislative
session for 20 trips to and from his
place of abode at the same rate as
state employees receive, end allo 1ance
.for meals and housing expenses as any
other member of the Senate and House
of Representatives for 20 days' atten
dance at each legislative session.
Now• Albert Dana is the Passama
quoddy Representative at: the Legisla
ture, yet he represents tTio groups
'
of Pa ssamaquoddy Indians.
This is
difficult as each group is governed
by a governor and tribal council, and
each may have differibg views on
legislative bills.
This may be why
Albert Dana chose to say that he did
not always speak on legislation in the
manner the two Passauiaquoddy reserva
tions had ins tructed him.
Albert traveled far to represent
his tribe at these recent legislative
hearings.
He is an e ffective speaker,
and spoke on each bill Before the Cow
llli.tteP.
In order to be more e f fective,
united approach and unified support
should be the desire of each governor,
ach tribal council, and each tribal
*****
We want �o thunk.tho Beta Sigfila
Phi Sorority of Jiscasset for their
help in putting the Newsletter to
gether last �onth.
If there are
other groups interested in doing
a service please contact �e, and we
can j3 lan to put the Ne111Sletter to
gether in my howe or wherever you
meet!
*****
How about contributing to the
buying of a second hand bus so that
the Indian children on Indian IsJa nd,
Old Town, Maine can continue the�
tutoring program at the University
of Maine.
The :J?rograw started by
the VISTAs which broµght the college
students to the Reservation, now has
gotten so big that unless a bus can
be had, the program will have to !:J e
dropped or have the children w�eded
out.
The children o f allgrades have
profitted il.Ilii.iensely by this program.
If you would like to contribute
Hathew. 18..tchell
write:
16 Oak Hill Street
Indian Island, Old Town,
Haine 04468
"'*** *
FtASH REPORT
As thi s Ncwsletttr goes to press a last
utc report was rGceived of a meeting on
rch 28th regarding construction fu nds f•"'
Gov. Curtis, Ac ting Ind
Indian schools.
ian Affairs Commissioner Scribner and Edu
·
cation Collll�issioner Logan met w ith me_ be �
of the Appropriat ions Committee to seek a�
ditional funds to complete construction of
new school buildings as originally planne
thru last June's bond issue referendumQ
Scribner said he was encouraged by the
meeting and further discussion is planned
As soon as legislative
for next week.
plans were conpleted, a further announce
ment will be nade, he s2id.
FLASH HFJ'ORT
·
------· ------
- -------
�( 4-)
EXECUTIVE DEPARTI•1El\IT
State of Maine
AUGUSTA---Following a meeting with
represent""'..tives;
Governor Ker neth l'.
Indian Governors and
Curtis today confirfi1eQ. that
he had been informed by Commissioner Edward Hinckley that he was
resigning as Commissioner of
Indian Affairs.
As a te�porary
measure , Deputy Commissioner of Finance and Administration,
Rodney
L.
Scribner,
R
whould be na�ed Acting Comillissioner of
Indian Affairs .
Hinckley's resignation has been announced as final and not
dependent upon its
acceptance by the Governor.
Curtis said that
dealings with Maine
"Hinckley has shown true compassion in his
Indians and
I will insist that the new Com
missioner exhibit the same feelings of concern."
marks were
A nationwide hunt for
stituted, Curtis stated.
consisiting of three
Willard R.
The curtis re
contained in a letter to Bi11ckley.
new
a
Indian Commissioner will be in
A screening committee will be created
Indian
governors and State personnel Director
Harris.
"In the meantime," Curtis continued,
no lapse in administration,
"so that there will be
I am c..ppointing Rodney Scribner as Act
j ng Gommissioner and directing hi.1 as his first order of business
to institute
Affairs.
to the
an accounting procedure for the Department of
Indian
I am al90 directing him to give high priority attention
establishment of already Federally-approved Housing Auth
ority projects
on the reservGtions and the ironing our of fin
ancial difficulties
As further
over the building of
assurance that there
administration and development of
Indian schools."
�11 �
no slowing down in the
Indian progrdras,
and that an
orderly transition will occur, Go vernor Curtis stated he had asked,
and � .r.
Hinckley
had agreed to
serve on in an
as a special consultant to the DepcJ.rtwent of
interi!il basis ,
Indian Affairs for
progr�m developments.
Curtis stated a coun6il order is �ing
to the Executive Co lnc..i l.
nPxt
ual arrrngeruent.
(Continued
on
page
10)
v1c<"lr
for
prepared for submission
npp1:oir.q_l
of
thjs
contract-
�(5)
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
in 1836 gave Maine the right to sell
or lease the Treaty lands, defying a
currently there is a deficit in the
law passed in 1834, m�king it a crime
Budget of the Department of Indian
to traffic in Indian.· lands without
Affairs. Tle allocation of additional Federal per �ssion. Is this a white
funds �ith which to implement the
man's way of stealing legally.
11:Je
program of the D .I.A. is an urgent
hold these truths to be self evident".
matter. The State must res .ond sens First our land, then our Language,
itively and res)onsibly to t he posi
which by the ay has a Gr.:i.m1n- tical
tion of Edwerd Hinckley who ects in
str.ucture, next the culture wany are
The
behalf of the Indian Community.
trying to preserve.
�ill the white's
D.I.A. vuich ha�:received �uch crit
and hinorities always be sparing particis from Indians and non-Indians
ners.
alike, must be allowed to function
Mrs. "F:rne Yarmal
and frow.
1e must not wake the mis
**
take of pre-judgement, all new in
Dear Editor,
stitutions wust be given the oppor
tunity to grow �nd evolve.
Indi8n
It has be�n c:tsked frow. t i ,e to t:L..e,
Self-governllient is the 3'>&1 of wy
�hat has happened to t�e various Indian
people with the help of people like
Crafts and why aren't the Indi�ns mak
Mr. Hinckley.
Is it this go�l that
ing these things c..""..S ::uch as they ..se to.
the State is trying to swather?
This can be �nstered in verJ fe �ords,
a d t11e....,e
orJs E.re 11cheap foreign im
While we were under the Departwent
ports".
of Health & Jelfare, t1ey ere sup
posed to respond to the needs of In
I have traveled in several st�tes cind
./e nere and in
dians in the State.
it see us the:' t en·v :.- t s_ u�.: tk. t 1
many instances, still are colonized
ever visited had Indian Cr�f ts that
people in every sense. of the term,
were 1�de in Japan or so·e other1Asian
being held down by unjust power. We
country.
are not all�ved to control our own
destiny in our Com.ruunity.
An atti
tude of paternalism pervades the re
....
I consider myself a good craftsfilan
lationship between the State and the
when it comes to carving and painting,
Inti:ian Commurity. Being "iJards of
but the going prices of these cheap im
the State" lit.err:.i.J_ly mee.ns "Under
itations, I find it impossible to com
the Thumb of the St.::..te of Maine."
pete ·with them.
I believe I can speak
We need power to make our own deci
for many of the craftsman when I say
sions, our Tribal elections do not
this.
really give us the power to m�ke necessary changes. The State has not
r have seen soMe of these imports which
been sensitive to our desires in
�holesale for about �6.00 per doz. reterms of immediate and priority needs.
tailed at three tiwes the wholesale
Why is is necessary that the Affairs
price. Speaking for uyself I find it
of Indians hGve to be resolved by
impossible to cowpete with these prices.
non-Indians who are so far re·oved
le can't place the entire blAme on the
frou the scene?
"ihy is it necessary
gift shop owners as the genuine Indian
to have the will and resolve of the
Crafts are dying ou�, due to the inIndian people ratified by their colability to compete with the low import
onizers?
Our petitions go un-noticprices. However something should be
ed and ignored. Token gestures and
done about the imports and the false
broken promises have been made to
labelings.
Our lands have
pacify the Indians.
The state and Government often mention
been stolen from us, we've been reself help programs, why couldn�t some
duced to paupers. The State's Resolve
(Continued on page6)
Dear Editor,
.
.. u.
�I
I
' >(\ )·.. :::
•
( Letters
continued from page 5)
money be loaned to start a program
go barefoot.
Now to surumarize,
with
all of these cr�fts that we h�ve, isn't
that would eventually become a self
supporting and profit making one?
I
(<61)0'
it worth considering the possibilities
th,:t
I have mentioned.
Sincerely yours,
am
certain th�t with
many of our
a
Gilbert " Jerry" Francis
little help,
108
Indians could be self em
ployed in the Co-op, in the same man
ner as our Cherokee Brothers.
In
F.S.
this uanner the gift shops that sell
imports would then be able to discon
tinue the imported Indian line, as the
genuine would then be more available
at competitive prices.
I have � line
of at
ties
15
leAst
I
and
different
find that
I
(
Indi\n novel
have yet to
.ditor's note:
the Maine
Federal
Legisle;1tion as follows:
U'ts and Crafts Bourd
in this paper
who for yearG
I re�d an article
1
e.bout a business u:ian
went to the
g ve
t that
reoervation and
misleadin� inform
ation about the cost of
�aking
mbcdA
sins.
He spoke of the high cost of
leather and the need for a cutting
I l�ve for s eYeral years
made slippers,
boots nnd vurious type
of
wear with out the ben
Indian foot
6.
displays
Jr. oever ,Ifillfully offers or
for sale any goods,
no machjnes.
)
particular
Indi�n �roducts of
Indian tribe or group
resident within the United States or
person knows sucb
products or are not
of the particular
shall be
whea such
goods are not
I
ft.
I can make
At
38¢
per sq
slipper that whole
a
$2.50
per pr.
Indi�n tribe or
fined not more than
group
$500
or
i1iprisoned not more than six months
or both.
6
Evidence of viol�tions of Section
of the Act should be directed to the
per pnir depending
Bentation may also be reported to the
Federal Trade Commission,
Avenue at 6th Street,
�nd still
N
• .
Pennsylvania
if.
on the
Something can be done about the
leather and style.
and the false lab�lings.
It was mentioned
/ashington
D.C.
th�t go all the way up
that handse�ing·was
I understand th�t outside of
but
very little
sonal loan,
training or skill.
Being
foreman at a local shoe
knov1 that it tRkes . a cer
the illaii1e
a
per
Indian cannot
hold his land on the reservation up
for collateral.
If there is any In
dian interested in such
tain amount of both.
imports
Something
can be done also about loaning money
somthing that any one could do with
a hand sewing
Indian
Indian products
These
per sq foot on up.
make a line
a
pA.ttcn1s
38¢
I
with or
Indian Arts and Crafts Board, U.S.
I have
that require Dep�rtwent of the Interior, ifashing
ton, D.C. 20240.
Cases of ·risrepre
can buy le�ther from
efit of any m�chinery.
hand cut and z.1.::l.de
factory
In
dian nnd Eski· o arts and crafts),
the Territory of Alas�a,
has used the name of
Passamaquoddy Brothers.
$30
In
(to pro
specifies as follows:
go
in my opinion
to
The
tect the consu er and �reducer of
Indian _roducts or
sales for
No.l
without any Government tr�de �ark, as
Several months
machine.
1,
In Vol.
Indian Newsletter cited the
Act of Congress which created the
Sec.
incentive.
time, he
Maine
Keep up the good work.
dian
scratch the surface .
In fuY opinion
the field is practically unlimited,
as long as wan has imagination and
our
Essex Street
Bangor,
project,
a
I believe the Small Business Admin
The Penobsc0t
Indians have for yecrs
worked at shoe making and
the best craftsman.
�re some of
1'Lerefore it
would take very little
start a small shop at
r�:i
t:rt.ining to
Indian
Isl?nd,
and to train our uther neighboring I
Lets rerae,Jber that
Indian Brothers.
before macuinery,
we
Indians did not
istration Qight be the place to con
tact, and that is located under the
U.S.
Governwent in your phone book.
The new Com.r;mnity Development Consul
tant,
r.:d11vard C ,Rinckley .;:i.ay well be
the person to cont�ct at
108
Indian Affairs.
Grove St.,Au6usta. Tel.
(Continued on page
7)
289-2831.)
��Letters
continued
from page
(?)
6)
am the
I
I ran across this item in a
r.ade Magazine
and
iobile Ho ..ie
Reservation.
thought it might be
J.
Garfield homan
Overseer
I have been wondering if
Reservation
ny
housing
Perry,
problem that we
so complete
They
and comfortable,
are
base
·
Lucy Poolaw
(Princess
Old Town is in
al in Bangor,
the
she
I hofe to meet you
sometirue ,
I
/atawasso)
John
is
alre dy
82 .
kno
This is my
first opportunity to read
your wonderful Ne1sletter,
and
a
free.
perhaps you
-
from
Taylor Bospit
I am glRd to know there is such
ask you if
newsletter.
I
other names
be very
Sincerely
, aine
our invitation to our
readers is still open for you to come
and visit �nd talk w ith us of
.
;l:i:A. C1
Indian
several interest�ng
visits over a cup of coffee.)
glad to get your newsletter.
Yours very truly
Chief Peter
Indian
Rexton,
highly of hr.
letter to Gov
a
I spoke very
Edward C.
Hinckley who
I think is a very capable
an,
both
personally and as a Commissioner.
On overspending.
�e here on this Re
servation are not so well off as Peter Dana Foint or Princeton Strip, or
Old Town has the shoe fact
Old Town.
ory and other sources of Employment.
Peter Dana Point and the Strip have
/oodland also the G oergia
ployment.
•-Je
I
�.B.
Indians in Calif,
Canada
thought you
filight like to put them in
the news
letter.
l·1r.
Gilbert Ketchutt1 of
is spending the
ed
Kenneth Curtis.
Pacific.
Barlow
w,
Indian
Isle
winter in San Jose,
with his daughter,
hr & hrs Jc:.wes Hunt.
end son in
Also visit
his neice (Phyllis Nie ole.)
and
_
fia�ily in San Fr�ncisco.
have sent
the Jviill at
l�ine
1
Dear Editor,
I
J.
Island Reserve
Enclosed are two notices concerning
Calif,
++
Recently
�
Dear Editor,
Augusta ·1obile Park
l.
uave
also send two
/I#
Bob Stone
�e
will
I know these peo1�le will
new issue of Ne,sletter.
ings.
th.
and
I can get your wonderful
and Mr. Thompson
Augusta,
so
I am sending uy nawe and address
h�ve been interested in
note:
a friend
to me today
letter it is very i:.1for.uative,
your work and look forward to eac� nnew
(Editor's
Sr.
Poor
iviaine
of mine hand one over
board hot water heat and very trouble
Another item,
•
Dear EQ.itor,
I have lived in one for five years here
I love it.
•
Pleasant Point
,obile Hoilles
adv ntage in the
have here in i;e.ine.
in the park and
Point
Thank you
10)
could be used to
and know
�oor
the
Overseer of
difficulties here on Pleasant
the
interesting to your readers.(See page
ernor
Einckley still do
admiration for Mr.
Dear Edi tor,
I had
Former Head Council hember,
a
As
here have no means of em
also stated to the Gov
ernor th�t as far back as
I can remem
a CorI111 1issioner going from house to
T his proves to me his keen
house.
ber
interest in the
Indians and their needs.
Oakland,
�ass i<;.mma Nicola
became the
Cora,
Calif
h�.rc11 1, 1969
(Penobscot Tribe)
bride of l'tr.
Conrad
(1dinnebago Tribe).
!tiss
L De
Nicola
is the daughter of the late Horace
and JVirs.
r icola of Conn.
Granddaughter of
Leo Shay of the
Nie ala,
Penobscot Tribe.
Silver
ton,
Hass and
Boston,
She
graduated from
Lc7-ke Regional Bigh in Kings
and is
Fisher
Jr College, .
�re�ently employed as
secretary for Kaiser Engineer in
'
Oakland.
The groom graduated from Ninnebago
High in �innebago,
Haskell
Nebraska,
and
Institute of Lawrence,
and is employed in
Oakland. The
(Continued on page
8)
Kansas '
�{Letters continued from page 7)
newlyweds were given a wedding dinner
(8)
at the home of the brides cousin and
family !Ir & Mrs Francis Nicola of San
Francisco.
Enjoy the Newsletter
very much there
least five of us here in Calif
know of who look forward to it,
are at
that
I
and pass it around to some of the
other 'firibes th t live here.
Dear l1:di tor,
sent to Governor Curtis with reference
to press c 0U11,1en ts about the number of
Indians
presently sup orting the de
partment.
I
think your colin ..ents were very timely
Francisco,
••
your attempts to set the record straight.
Sincerely,
Calif
F.dward C. Hinckley
Commissioner
Dept. of
Indian
�ould you send me the
I am part Iiic
I am interested in it as
1Ve have been friends
the 1£tter.
about
for about 5 years.
•
to se:
Indian's and
set up a Vjllrige as there is NONE
here in N.H. and have it fix so it
be
ca�'t
sold.
of N.M.
What do you think of
that?
note:
I'll tell you
I think of it ·after you get the
land and set up
a
village and see the
I'd like to be kept posted as
find
you would like to call me you
In
I have ledrned of a bit of
(F.ditor's
address or postumark,
of this person,
father's
The above
note:
note came on a postcard
Jith out
so if you know
let us know and �e'd
be gla:d to send him a newsletter.)
??
to
I am going to give you my Phone no.
doz.
a
get to meet.
John Hinkle
P.S.
AUNT LOU I S DEAD A T
your developments.)
so if
we
Sincerely yours,
Sounds like a fascinating idea,
deed.
I hope
reserv�tions.
lines.
That way they will
(Editor's
in the 20ies
.and has grown 3ith contacts in
d ian blood on both ,,1other f.
always have it.
what
you letter,
i 1y interest started when I
e would like
to get come iand for the
I'� grateful
Learning of your good work
and would like
was in the Dniv.
nerald Morin was the one who told me
Affairs
Ilaine
Dear k!ditor,
please.
Hae.
Ind i a n
Augusta,
·
newsletter.
I appreciate
and well-expres.sed and
I understand there is a Indian news�
letter up there th t is rrhy I am
writing to you.
Here what I want to
ask you.
Thank you very �uch for the co�y of
your letter of February 2nd which you
Phyllis Nicola
Mrs.
San
Dear Editor,
Old Town-111Irs.
Lucy
86
(nicola)
86,
Poolaw 1
You vnll be more than welcome to. wife of Bruce Poolaw, died ,.fednesday,
She
March 19, at a Bangor Hospital.
I hope these few lines will find you
was known as Princess ·1atawaso.
I have meet
in the best of health.
can •
•
•
some Indi-ns
at
that are goidg to school
the St. Paul's school here in Con
There names are Keith r<!iller,
cord.
Tribe Sioux,
and Robert Abrams,
Seneca Mohawk.
boys and
these Boys.
know
Okla,
He is gain� to the Lenox
tv1ass.
Indians from NY,
Conn.
�1ic
any of
Do you kn�
School in Lenox,
I
They are very nice
I also meet a N-si.vajo,
heal Benson.
Tribe
. ·Jell
I
Poolaw was born on
June 22,
1882,
Indian
Island,
daughter of Joseph and
Elizabeth Nicola.
During her lifetime
she had visited in nearly all states
in the union,
lecturing and si ging
Indian songs for her people.
Mrs.
Poolaw was one of the first to
record for RCA Victor ith her operiatic
Pa,
NH,
guess
RI,
I will !:ring
this letter to a close.
Take care.
Mrs.
Yours truly
"l
voice.
scot
She was a member of the Penob
Indian Bcptist Church,
served as pianist
and had
and orga.Rist at the
church for the past 25
years.
She
was
�( Le tters
continued from
page 8 )
(9)
willing to pay a reasonable fee for
a p a s t pres ident o f the American Le
brochures or m2terials.
2 member
I n d i an Tribe
and
had been a member of the Tribal Coun
· 1 for many ears.
I am & fourth gr ade teacher so am
l i�ite d as to the tiwe I can spen d
i
g on Auxi llia ry ,
Old T o wn ;
o: the Penobscot
�
I
Surviving besides her husband, ere n
nie ces and nephews. Funeral services
1 e re held S aturd ay at the B ap tist
Church, Indian Island, with the Rev.
F ederic k Ludwig officiating.
··
in research for my term paper.
You are to be co m ..ended for your work
.
I enclose a self-addressed envelope
for your convenience in answering.
Thank ¥ou for your consider ation of
·this request.
/I
rr
(Editor's
Dear Editor,
·1cnt to Boston i: ia rch 20th.
Your s tr ul y
l�s. Ada B. Packard
Jeff er son,
11aine
I raust apolo gi ze for
note:
using your letter in the Newsletter,
1iJen t to
see Cowboy Show in Mu s ic Hall, Hith
Mrs. Pauiine Gabriel, Stella Neptune,
Alberta Cleaves, and Mrs. Philo 11ene
Dan a.
A lso Mr. & ��s. Dana went to
Chinese restau r a nt , and �. Dana's f
fortune cookies read as follows. "You
are demonstrative with those you love.11
and "You w i ll be awarded so me great
honor.
1rs. Dana's read "You are the
pioneer and leader, and your pr esent
pl;:ms are going to s ucceed. 11 Oh, by
the way the show was 1111: rty Robbins,
David Houston, Ferlon Husky, and Tam
my 'Naynette".
Si gn .lie as the g i r l on the road
Philomene Dana
and also for i.wp r ornp t consideration
of your request,
but tL1e and sup_;)l i
cs
are much to be desired.
Many stu
dents rrite to me around term paper
time and as much as I would like to
help them �ith beir pa pe r s, I find
that about all 1 can do is to type
the stencils for the leWsletter, Ofen
u1ail and c ha se tvvo little ones around.
·
I am presently w orking a Bib l io gr aph y
of in formation about t1aine Indians,
but I assure you that you could get
this information sooner throygh the
State of i "ia ine Library.
Also contc::.ct
�ith the Tribal Governors on the three
reser vn tions.
I w ou l d be gl ad to send
you a co�y of the Ne �sle tter. )
! !
®�
Dear E ditor,
The art icle in
ye s terd a y 's "K,J." about
your activities concerning the Jv1aine
Indian Newsletter interested me. I am
presently t aki n g a course in the His
tory of f'iaine and have selected for .
the subject of my term paper "The
Haine Indians".
Dear Edi tor;
I note that ·�in �
Indian Newsletter
to expire imuiediately.
(Sub
sc � i p ti on ? )
I would gre � tly a p � recia te your c o n t
is due
i nuing to send ule this 'JUbli qation
for the next ye�r.
It is of very con
siderable interest to us here.
F,arly history of the Indians seem to
be recorded in several histories of
However thete se�6s"t6.be n�
l�ine.
no recent accounts of their activities
and welfare.
I have obtained a few
of the publications from Mr. Hinckley's
o ffi c e .
Is there anyone on either reservation
to whom I could write for information
about the present day activities and
Perh�ps you would
living conditions?
have some informntion you v1011ln he
I am
willing to send or lo�n me.
Si ncere l y ,
Kenneth E.
Dept.
Kidd
of Anthropology
Trent U niversity
Pe terborough ,
( Editor ' s hote:
Ontario
Canada
Yes, we will contin�e
I n d ian Ne wslett er to
you.
�e have been sending about one
hundred cowpli; 1enta ry subs c ript ions
to various �eoples, organiz a ti ons ,
pub lic a tions , lack of interest has
hrilvu<i this list. �le will put you bar:}:
on the lint if you so desire. )
c ail in g the �a ine
�NAV
JOS GET TWO SUNSETS FOR MUSEUM
(10)
Tw o new Sunset recreational vehicles
were given t o
avajo Indian officials
f or the purpose of stcrting a museum.
One unit, a 2 2' Sunset travel trailer,
�ill be used as a traveling museu@
and will c ontain samples of b oth m od
ern and ancient Navajo art, in addi
ti on t o a c ollecti on of hist orical
and cultural inf ormati on.
other unit, a Sunset truck-mount
was presented to Navajo Park
ranger Ben Price.
The camper was
mounted on a 1968 GMC pick-up truck
which was d onated by Enric o M ot ors
of Gallup, New l·iexic o and the G1"1C
truck and c oach division of General
M ot ors, P ontiac, I·1ichigan.
The
camper,
A� ong the Navaj o officials attending
the presentati on was Charles Damon,
asci st.ant. departiu.en t head of the parks
and recreation department of the
Navajo Tribe.
Damon is als o a member
of the Centennial c om1ittee c ommem
orating the Navaj o's lOOth Anniversary
of signing the Treaty of Peace with
the Americ�n g overrment.
Meyer Katzman, chai�man of the b oard
l'lf Commodor� C orp orati on, Omaha,
Nebraska, made the f ormal presentati on
to the Indians and the ranger at thee
Southwest Mobile H ome and Recreation
al Vehicle Show in Dallas, Texas.
The museum will be taken t o shows and
fairs around the country.
T o offset
the. c ost of travel, the Indians will
sell rugs, truquoise and silver jew
elry, literature and centennial s ou
venir items.
(Fr om
H�bi�e �ome �rade
�a�a�ine,pl02)
g oing and �eet all the requirements
of the federal g overnu1en t i@nedia tely
so th· t this can hap L-ien.
Give all p ossible attenti on
3.
to the ducation �rograms on the re
servations."
F oll owing this �eeting the G ov
ernor end the tribal representntiv r.
went to lunch,
et Hinckley at the
cafeteria and resu�ed their c onfer
ence vii th Hiuckley present back in
the G overnor's office.
The only u1e1nber of the Execu
tive C ouncil who happened tm be here,
Judge Darey, w,s called in, t o o.
As further assurance that thP ·�
will be no slowdown in the adtni n i �
tr ati on and developu1ent of Inrli::i.n
pr ograms, and th· t
n 01·ciPrl y t1 aw=:i:nor Curtis
ition will occur, G
stated he had asl·ed and iJr. Rinck ey
had agreed to serve or in an interim
basis as a s�ecial c onsultant to the
Dpeartment of Inainn Affairs f or pro
Curtis stated a
grc.lm developmcut.
C ouncil order is being prepared f or
submissi on to the Executive C ouncil
next week f or up roval of this c on
1.
__
tractue.l arrc.nget1ent.
(Continued fr o1 page 4)
Scribner, a mefilber of the 103rd
Legislature, where he served on tre
Appr opriations C ommittee, has long
been a fin�nci�l advisor to Curtis.
Curtis als o disclosed that he
had written t o Sehat or J oseph Sewall,
C larim �n of the Appropriations C om
hlittee, and leaders of the 104th Le
gislature, informing them that as of
the present, all ap�ropriatcd assist
ance funds f or the Department of In
dian Affairs f or fuis fiscal year had
Curtis indicated
been obligated.
w ould seek a Council order
that he
f or an emergency transfer from the
c ontingent account at the rate of
$'1000 a week in order to maintain
the Departwent services to Indians
until a m ore permanent s olution can
be found through legislative ap
(MINUTES OF .ME�THG
c ont. from page 2)
"None of us here are i·e:::;r1onsible
f or what has happened in the p�s+. �00
years, but we are responsible f or wh��
proprl.Ation.
hGppens from now on.
"I c ommit myself. to seeing
"I have directed Mr. Scribner
t � at th�re is n o curtaiJment or
t o d o three things first:
interrupti on of prot;-rni11s on the
Stra�ghten ou t the accoun�P
I.
lnrii An r ecP t· vu�; nns," Curtis c on
of the dep2rtment.
clud�0.
Keep the h olls ng progrA..m
2.
•
.
•
·
�(11)
PLEDGED TO BUILD NEW SCHOOLS
AUGUS TA (AP) - New scho o l faci l i ties wi l l b e bui l t as p lanned on the
Indian Township Reserva t ion near Pr inceton (and on the o ther 2 Reservations )
even i f add i t ional funds have to b e ob tained from the legis lature, Gov . Curtis
said Tuesda y .
" I have every in ten t ion o f seeing. tha t w e d o n ' t skimp on t h e s ize o f
the bui ld ings a s au thor ized by t he 103rd legis la ture and t he peop l e , " the
governor reported.
He was r e ferr ing to $ 73 , 000 a l l o t t ed the Indian Township
Reservati on
for new scho o l fac i lities as par t of a cap i t a l improveme n t s b ond
issue for Maine Indians last year.
( These funds for the Township, p lus
add i t ional funds appropr ia t e d by the 103rd legislature , were to cover costs o f
c onstruction f o r a mu l t i-purp ose r o om and 2 c lassrooms on the Township.
In
t h e b ond issue appr oved $ 103,000 f o r 2 c l a ssrooms and a multipurpose
room at Pleasan t Poin t , and $ 73 , 000 for a multi-purpose room and 1 c lassroom
addi t ion ,
at
the Penobsc o t Reserva tion. - Ed . )
Cur t is r e p lie d t o a l e t ter by Gov . John S t evens who heads the Passamaquorldy
t r ibesmen on the Ind ian Township Re s ervation , near Pr i n ceton .
( S e e February
Newsl e t t er , pages 22- 24. )
S t evens had complained abou t a r educt ion in the
amoun t of add i t ional scho o l space to be bui l t b e c ause o f an increase in c onstruc
t ion costs.
" There's a possib i l i ty tha t we migh t be ab l e to
find additional funds
in the c onstruc t ion r eserve ac coun t o f the governor's con tingency fund," Cur t is
said.
" I f it's t o o sizeab l e , we could ask the leg islature for a supp leme n t a l
appropr ia t ion , " Cur t is sai d .
He added t ha t he hopes " t o see
the day when the Indians are se l f -govern ing
and have their own scho o l b oards."
(From t he Bangor Dai ly News ,
3/ 5 / 6 9 )
I ND IAN SCHOOLING I N U. S . AS SAILED
by E. H.
WASHINGTON , Feb .
18
Kenwor thy
- For near ly five hours today a ser ies of witnesses
to ld a Senate sub comm i t tee on Ind ian Educat ion tha t ,
in their view ,
the on ly
good Bureau o f Ind ian Af fairs wou ld be a d isman t led Bureau of Indian Affairs.
Commen ts made by several sub commi t te e memb ers ind i cated tha t they agreed w, i t h
t h i s evaluati on.
Whi le
the hear ings we re in progress ,
the Whi t e House issued a statemen t
t ha t Presid e n t Nixon "has under considerat ion a study of t he Bureau of Ind ian
A f f a irs" prepared by Alvin M.
Mr.
Jose phy ,
Josephy ,
Jr.
an e d i t o r of Ame r ican Heritage bo oks ,
is a l ong- t ime stud e n t
o f Indian h istory and pf t h e prese n t cond i t ions o f American Indians •
Whi t e House said
that Mr.
•
•
•
The
Josephy's r epor t "is highly crit i ca l o f the struc ture
and opera tion of the Bureau , " and tha t one o f his chie f cri t i c isms is " tha t the
Bureau is or ien ted toward t he use o f land rather than toward the l ives of peop le."
Mr. Josephy , t he Whi te House said , has re commended "major restruc t uring
o f the Bureau."
Whi l e the Whi t e House d id no t say so , it 1is known tha t Mr .
Josephy proposed
tha t
the Bureau be
taken out
of the D e par tme n t of the In t e r ior
and p la c e d d ire c t ly und er the exe cu t ive o ff i c e of the President.
The Senate Sub commi t te e on Indian Education ,
a par t of the Commi t te e on
Labor and Pub l i c We l far e , was f orme r ly headed by Rober t F. Kennedy.
assaRsination ,
his b r o ther ,
to make him chairman ,
S enat or Edward M.
and they agr e ed .
The t hr e e days o f hear ings that opened
today are an ext ension of those held in 1 9 6 7-68 by Rob e r t Kennedy .
ings produ c e d f ive vo lumes o f t e s t imony , mos t of it
prov ided
for Ind ians und e r the d ir e c t ion of
(From the New York Times ,
2 /1 9 / 6 9 )
Af t e r his
Kenn edy , asked his c o l l eagues
cr i t i c a l of
the Ind ian Bureau •
•
Those hear
the educat i on
•
•
�(12)
GUE S TS FEATURE A T IND IAN CLUB
W I LLIMANTIC - Two
s tuden t s of We s l ey an Univer s i ty were gue s t s at a mee t ing
of t he Nor t h Ame r i can Ind ian C lub he r e t h i s week .
Erne s t in e Yarma l of
Plea s a n t Po int R e s erva t ion ,
Me . ,
is a Pa s s ama quodd y .
S he h a s b e e n a r e por t er for the Maine Ind ian News le t t er , and daugh ter o f
t he c lub ' s l a t e Med i c ineman Jo s e ph S o c oby (Bedag i ) , who d ied i n De cember .
i s a t t end ing an thr o p o l ogy c la s s e s and working w i t h Pro f . Wa lker ,
on Pa s s am� q 1 1 odd y Ind i an l a n gu age at
the Mid d l e t own s choo l .
G l enn La zor e o f the
S he
as an in forman t
S t . Re g i s Ind ian Re s ervat ion in upper New York s t a te
s and
t he Ind ian De c l ar a t ion s ong , demon s tr a t e d the Rob in Dance and per formed
He i s a t tending
a few t r ib a l chan t s , ac company ing h ims e l f on the tom- tom .
We s l ey an and has made Ind i an s inging and chan t s his hobby .
New o f f i ce r s named were Pre s id en t ,
Por t l and ;
ham ;
S e c r e t ary , Mr s .
Tre a sure r ,
Kenne th Smi t h
G e r a ld ine Frapp ier
Mr s . Max in e Tomer
( Chi e f S tr onghor s e ) o f _
( Pr i n c e s s Sun s hine ) o f South Wind
( Pr ince s s Go lden Ro s e ) o f W indham ;
and Med i c i n e
man , Rus s e l l Hun t .
Ro l and F r appier r e t a ined hi s o f f i c e of cha irman o f ttc Exe cut ive Counc i l
wi th Ka therine G ar l and a s s e cr e t ary .
Other Coun c i l memb e r s are Mar ion Smi th ,
Por t l and ; D e nn i s Me r chan t , W i l l iman t i c ;
Car l s on , Ledyard • • • •
(From the Norwich
SLIDE S ,
Ber t ha Ra t�bun ,
( Conn . ) B u l l e t in ,
Co lumb ia ;
and Raymond
2 / 20 / 6 9 )
S PEAKERS TELL S TORY OF PLEASANT POINT IND IANS
by Mary Lac y
Lou i s Doy l e ,
was
c o ord inator o f Ind ian S e rv i c e s f o r t he D i o c e s e of Po r t l and ,
s p e aker a t the Wayn f l e t e S c ho o l January
gir l s ,
2 9 th .
W i t h him were two Ind ian
Mi s s V i r g in i a F r an c i s and Mi s s Regin a Nicho l a s .
B o th are at t end in g
Mar i e Jo s e ph. Acad emy in Bidde f ord .
D o y l e showed s l ide s of P l e a s an t Po in t ,
Pa s s �ma qu oddy Re s erva t i on in e a s t Wash ing ton Coun ty .
Re serva t io n s d a t e b a c k to
peop l e t h ink ,
a lways
the
governme n t owned .
l ived on .
l a t e 1 8 th cen tury .
They are no t ,
a
as mo s t
They are pi e c e s o f l and that Ind ian s have
Though thi s l and b e long s
r i gh t s have been abu s ed s ever a l t ime s .
to
the Pa s s amaquoddy t r ibe the ir
The Ma ine Cen tra l Rai lroad runs
b e h ind the s c ho o lyard aAd beh ind hou s e s .
Thi s wa s an agreeme n t s o l e l y b e tween
t he s t a t e and the r a i lroad wi thou t the con s e n t o f the Ind ians .
From the d i s cu s s io n a f t er t he f i lm the
They b e l i eve t h a t many Ind ians have
c ope w i th the whi t e s o c ie ty .
felt
two g ir l s expr e s sed t he ir o p in ion s .
s t ayed on r e s erva t ions b e cau s e
i t n e c e s s ary t o wa i t b e fore
tryihg to go ou t i n t o t h e wh i te s o c ie ty .
Though Ind i an s pay a l l t ax e s that o ther Ame r i can c i t i z e n s do
proper t y tax e s )
un t i l 1 9 6 0 • • • •
Yet
they wer e n o t a l lowed
through a l l
they can ' t
Un t i l the Ind i a n s are b e t ter educated the g i r l s
to vo t e f o r
a
( ex c e p t
congre s sman or a pre s iden t
the in j u s t ice s done t o t hem one may a s k why don ' t t4ey
s p e a k up and . make t h e ir gr ievan c e s known ?
Tha t ' s not the Ind ian way , ac cord ing
to the s p e aker s .
They are a pat ient p e o p l e and d on ' t wan t to do any thing
un t i l they are b e t te r edu c a t ed .
Then they wi l l know how to approach i t .
(From the Por t land Evening Expre s s ,
2/ 1 5/ 6 9 )
POW -W:OWS
May- 30 , 3 1 , June 1 - Comb ined Pow-Wow of t he New Eng l and Found a t ion f or Amer i c an
Ind i an C u l ture and Ind ian League of the Amer i ca s , at Toma quag Mu s eum , on Burd i c k
Wr i te Fred Hickman ,
v i l l e Road , 1 2 mi l e s nor t h o f My s t i c , Conn . , o f f Rou te 9 5 .
10003 , i f you wan t to par t i c ipa t e .
Room 8 0 3 , 1 U n i o n S quar e We s t , New York , N . Y .
July 1 1 , 1 2 , 1 3 - New Eng l and Pow-Wow As s o c ia t io n comb ined Pow-Wow of Nor t he a s t
( Cont inued on Page 1 3 )
�/
(13)
( Co n t inued from Page 1 2 )
Found a t ion f o r Amer i can Ind ian Cu l ture and D e s cendan t s o f Amer i c an Ind ian s ,
Ep som , N. H .
Th i s year wi l l feature "Ea s t ern S inger s ' ' f o l l owed b y "'He s tern
S i ng er s " and g ene r a l danc ing .
Augus t 2 , 3 - Ame r i can Ind ian Federat ion Pow-Wow ,
La faye t te , R . I .
F o r d e t a i l s wr i te Na shaweenah ,
Ind i an Ha l l Ground s , Rou t e 1 0 2 ,
Ti l l inha s t Road ,
Box 8 7 3 ,
E a s t Greenwich , R . I .
Augu s t 9 , 1 0 - Ind ian League o f the Americas Four th Annua l Pow-Wow at Ind ian
Land , Earryv i l le , N . Y .
Dancing , s inging , s a l e s b o o t h s , ple nty o f parking
and camping space .
See Fred Hickman f or d e t a i l s .
(From the ILOTA News l e t ter , F ebruary ,
1969)
POLI TIC S I N INDIAN AFFA IR S ?
( The fo l l ow ing i s t aken from t h e s o - c a l led "hor s e b l anke t ' ' - a verbat im repor t ing
o f l e g i s l a t ive d i s cus s ion - of t he Ma ine Senate for March 1 8 . 1 9 6 9 . - Ed . )
On mo t ion by Mr .
that
of Cumber land ,
B erry ,
ORDERED ,
the Hou s e concur r in g ,
the A t torney General i s d ir e c t ed to inve s t ig a t e the re por t e d ove r - commi t t
men t o f appropr i a t ed fund s in the Depar tment o f Ind ian A f f a i r s and take such
fur ther a c t i on a s may b e prov ided by law . ( S . P . 4 1 1 � whi ch wa s r e ad . )
The PRE S IDE N T :
The Chair r e co gn i z e s t h e senator from Cumber l and , Mr .
Berry .
Mr .
s i tu a t ion ,
BERRY of Cumb er l and :
Mr .
i f it can be c a l l e d that ,
The
Pr e s iden t and Memb e r s o f t he Sena t e :
in the Ind ian Affairs Depar tment has pro
gre s s ed far b eyond the point tha t i t can be to lerated by
cont inue in i t s pr e s ent me thod .
the Leg i s l a ture t o
The f inan c i a l prob l ems f ir s t came to l igh t in January of
1968 ,
at whi c h
t ime a repor ted d e f i c i t o f $ 1 8 , 000 in t h e commi tment o f the Ind ian A f f a ir s
Depar tment was repor ted .
Commi t t e e ,
In my capac i ty
a mee t ing o f intere s ted peop l e ,
as Chairman of
the Appropr J n � i on s
to call
and t o s e e tha t s u c h ac t i on migh t b e taken
a s would preve n t a repe t i t ion of i t .
1968 .
then ,
I fe l t i t incumb en t upon m e t o take cogni zance o f the f a c t ,
Such a mee t ing was he ld on February 2 ,
In a t tendance a t the mee t ing was a repre s e n t a t ive o f the Governor ,
a repr e s ent a t ive o f t he Execu t ive Counc i l who was re spons ib le for i ind i an A f f a ir s ,
the Commi s s ioner o f F inance and Admin i s trat ion , the Ind i an Commi s s i oner , t he
Legi s la t ive F inance Of f i ce r ,
the S ta t e Atto r n e y Gener a l .
at this mee t ing tha t such an overdra f t d id exi s t .
forgo t ten .
I t was d e termined
Promi s e s were made and soon
I t had been my impr e s s ion , as a r e s u l t o f tha t mee t ing , tha t the Exe cut ive
Depar tree n t would from then on b e in fu l l charge of the s i tua tion and that such
a d ev e l opmen t woul d no t r e cur .
Thi s January this Le g i s l ature was pre s ented w i th a $ 50 , 00 0 overd r a f t , an
ove r - commi tmen t of fund s appro pr iated by the 1 03rd Leg i s l a ture for the o p er a t i on
of the Ind i an A f f a i r s D epar tmen t .
La s t we e k we were t o ld tha t the $ 5 0 , 000
has b e en inc r e a s e d to $ 90 , 000 .
Today we have every rea son to b e l ieve tha t
we are go ing over $ 1 00 , 000 .
Cer t a in ly , as e le c t ed repre sent a t ives of the people , and as succe s s o r s
t o the l 0 3rd Leg i s l a ture whi c:h appro pr J A t ed mon ey for thi s D ep ar tmen t , we canno t
to what i s go ing on , and I am sure we sha l l n o t b e .
What an examp le , what a p a t tern , what a rou t e to f o l l ow f o r o ther d epar t
men t head s : I f you think your cau s e i s j u s t , spend a l l the money you w i s h .
I have wr i t t en to the A t torr cy
We l l , I d on ' t think thi s i s wha t the l aw s ey s .
be b l ind
and I wou ld l ike to read h i s l e t t er !
�You have a sked i f there is a v i o l a t ion o f law when a depar tment head
incur s f in an c i a l ob l ig a t ions again s t the S ta te in exce s s of his depar tme n t al
appro p r ia t ion , and you have fur ther a s ked wha t pro cedure s hould be f o l lowed
Gener a l ,
if it
The oper a t ive s e c t ion o f the
i s d e c id e d that a v io l a t ion ex i s t s .
(Cont inued on Page 14 )
l aw
�( 14 )
(Con t inued from Page
is
13}
found i n Ti t l e S o f the Ma ine Revi s e d S t a t u te s , Anno tated ,
wh i c h I quo te
Ti t l e d
to you in ful l as
S e c t ion 1583 ,
f o l lows :
' Ex c e eding approp r i a t ion s prohib i ted .
No a ge n t or o f f i cer o f
t h e S ta t e or any d e par tme n t or agency thereo f , who s e d u ty i t i s t o expend
money und e r an appr o pr i a t i o n b y the Leg i s l a ture ,
on b eha l f of
s ha l l c on t r a c t any ob l iga t ion
t he S t a t e in exc e s s o f the appr o pr i a t ion .
Who ever
ex ceed s in
his expend i ture s aid appro p r i a t i on sha l l no t have any c la im for re imbur s emen t . '
this
And the s e c t ion c o n t inue s , ' Any such age n t or o f f i cer who s ha l l v i o l a t e
s e c t ion s ha l l b e gui l ty o f a mi s 4me anor and , upon
co nvi cti o n , be fined
a sun equal to
such
exc e s s of appropri ati o n by him expended and imprisoned for
no longer than eleven months in the di scretion of the court .
All pro s e cut ions
under thi s se ction sh all be by i nd i c tm ent and the f ine s inure to the St ate . 1 11
The At torne y Genera1 1 s letter conti nue s : 0 Per sons who d e al wi th a depart
ment he ad who ov ers end s an a pprop ri ati o n de al at the i r own peril and would have
no c laim agai n st th e Stat e.
If the dep artme nt head in ques i o n i s in violat:i ori
of S e ct io n
he wi ll be f ined and impri soned accordi ng to i t s t erm s .
As
1583
to pro c edur e ,
if a c omp l ai nt were made to t hi s deparb11e nt of suc h a vj el ation,
alt ernat iv e but to pro s e cut e und er th e l aw . 1 1
I would h av e no
say s
I was somewhat
di snay e d to read i n t h e p re s s t hi s mo rni ug that the C
-overnor
he is c onvi nced th e re i s no wr ongdo ing .
th at t he r e i s wro ngdo ing .
I o ould use
I think th er e is
stro nger langu ag e .
se r i o u s que stion
I also und Pr stand
that th e Governor i s in po s s e s sion of th e r e si gnat i o n o f th e head of the Depart
ment o f Indi an Affair s .
'Ihe
would
situation is
se riou s , Mr.
ru gge st to the Governor that
Pre si dent
matte r may l ay i f t hat i s what i s d e s ir ed .
any d eb a t e a s i s indi c ated ,
Kat z .
In thi s spirit I would inv it e
Governo r .
Th e Chai r recogni z es th e Senator from Kenneb e c ,
Mr .
KATZ o f Kenneb e c :
The
t able .
PRE SIDEN T :
The
Mr . Pre si dent ,
Senator from Kenneb e c ,
MILLS of Franklin : Mr .
Presi dent ,
que s tion i s out of d eb at e at thi s po int ,
or der
Senator Kat z , moves thi s order
from Kenne be c ,
1'1r.
The
The Sen ato r i s c orre'ct .
The
No que stion abo ut thi s
Chai r r e c o gni z e s the Senator
S en ato r Kat z .
KATZ o f Kenne be c :
but if t he re
motion .
The Cha i r recog
I reque st a poi nt o f o rder :
i s it not ?
can be di s cuss ed fur th e r at th i s time .
The PRESIDENT :
Senato r
I move th i s order b e placed o n the
be p laced on the t abl e .
Is th i s the p l easure
f th e Senat e ?
ni 7. e s t he Senato r from Franklin , S enator Mills .
Mr.
I
and t h ere the
and would su gge st t h at th i s matt e r be tabl e d for
two w e ek s pending a c tion on the part of t he
Th e PRESIDEN T :
and Men.b e r s of th e Sen at e.
he a c cept t hi s res i g na t io n,
is
Mr.
Pre s id ent ,
perhap s I he sit at ed not long enough,
furth er debat e may I a sk p e rmi s si o n to withdraw my tabling
The PRESIDEN T : The Sena tor from Kennebec, Senator Kat z , a sk s t h at his
It i s a
moti on to t able be wi th dr awn .
Is t hi s the pl easure of · th e S enat e ?
vote .
The
Chai r
r e c og ni z e s the Senator from Franklin,
Mr . MILLS o f Franklin : Mr
Pre sid ent ,
tak en p la c e i n t h e l ast f ew minut e s 0
Senator Mill s .
I was r ather di st r es s ed
I t seems t h at
by
'\\h at h a s
somebo dy ha s been i ndi cted
and p rac ti c ally tried and found guilty in th e words of one of o ur d i stingui sh ed
c o lleague s .
I th ink it i s a pr actj_c e that shouldn ' t be encouraged .
I rat her qu est io n t h e devi c e of t hi s o rd er .
to b e u s ed a s a
c lub of s ome
It now app ears that it i s
so rt t o bring about something in th e Exe cutiv e
Br an ch whi ch t h e Executive Branch i s perfe c tly competent to go ahead ·wit h .
Now you do n t t h av e t o pa.ss a n or der t o tell an atto rney g eneral t o d o h i s d uty .
( Conti nued
on Page
15 )
/
�(15 )
( Continued
from Page
14)
If t he Attorney General h a s g o t infonJa tion a bout the v
lolation o f laws of
this State , he do esn ' t h ave to h ave a complaint f ile d by thi s bo dy in the
fo rr.i of an order .
I s ay to th e Attorney General he re in t hi s r e co rd t hat i f
h e h as go t evi den ce i n fro nt of him o f a vi olation o f law h e do e sn 1 t h ave to
wait for a compla int .
No pro s e cutor has to wai t f o r a c omplaint ;
sworn ducy to go ah e ad .
it i s h i s
And I do n ' t think th e s e legi sl ative h al l s should b e
us ed f o r what appears t o b e soue po li tic al motivation her e .
I don ' t think
that a ny p ro s e cutive b ranch of thi s State Goverrmcnt nee d s a complaint to b e
filed on the p art o f thi s body .
ne ce s s ary , that i s anoth er t h ing.
If we f ind a legis l ative inv e st i gati on i s
:.
I think if we ar e go ing to go
at d epa rwent h e ads for over s t ep ping their
bound s in t he way of appropri ations that that is a oommendabl e t hing . t o do ,
but I kind of shudder at st arting with th e Indian s .
I ne an, we have got a
pr et ty poo r im ag e in r egard to our treat!!lent of the Ind ia n s over t he ye ar s , a m
i f w e have got t o p i ck a d e pa rtment h ad and i f we have got t o pi ck a n are a o f
Stat e gov ernment wh ere there i s abu s e o f the noneys that we appr opri ate , ge e ,
let ' s look s omewh er e b e s i de s at the India ns if it i s po s sible to do so , be c au s e
our hand l ing o f the Indi an question o ve r th e
centuri e s h a s not b e en go o d ,
and
le t 1 s not s et o l.ll' s lv e s up a s pe ople who are r eady to clamp d own on them again .
At le ast ,
that nay not be t he c as e , but thi s i s the p i c ture we h ave g ot , tha t
i s th e image we have got wi th t h e nation at la r ge , as pi cking on a very,
sraall minority tu ck e d down in the corner of the State .
very
Let ' s go
Party too ,
into c aucus on thi s in the Repub li c an Party, and in the Demo c r at i c
a nd s ee i f we can ' t c om e u p wi th s anething r e asonable , and le t ' s
not get our selve s into a polit ic al ha s sle with Republi c an s against De:nocrat s
over a fight ove r t he Indians .
say to the
Let ' s t ry to be r at io nal about it .
And I
Attorney Ge ne ral th at for t h e next two we ek s he hasn 1 t got to wa it
for t h i s o r de r ; if he h a s got sone violation of l aw f a cing him , he ca n go ah e ad .
He cbe sn ' t have t o wait f or thi s legi slativ e branch to t ell him that we want
a c r minal inve stigati o n o r we are going t
fire s ome one .
Th e PRESIDENT : The Chai r r e co gn i z e s the Senat or fron Ctrruberl an d, Senator
Berry .
.
BERRY of Cunb erl and : l· • Pre sid ent and Me obers of the Senat e : I don ' t
lik u t o debat e m y ordt:: r but I c .:mnot allow th e comment s of the go o d S enato r
from Franklin, Senato r Hil ls , r el at ive to the pro cedu r e of t h e Attorney General
to go unanswer ed .
If anybody co ipl ai n s to the Attorney Gen eral , he will
fo llow up .
No one ha s coraplai no d to him , and such f ac t s have no t b een b rought
1r .
offic i ally to h i s a tt enti n .
I cL1 su r<..; the Attorney General wi ll do � his duty
as and v.hen it is indic at ed .
i f,
The PRESIDEN T :
Kat z .
ifr. KATZ o f
The Chai r re cogniz e s the Senato r from Kenne be c ,
Kenneb e c : I� .
Pre sident ,
Senator
I move thi s o rde� b e pl aced on t he
t ab l e .
The PRESIDENT :
The s�nator froo Kenneb ec ,
order be pl ac ed on t h e tab le .
Is thi s th
Senator Kat z , nov e s th at thi s
ple a sure of the Senate ?
Fo r what
purpo se doe s the s�nato r r i s e ?
l ir . REED o f Sagadaho c : To re qu es t a division .
The PRES I DENT : All th os e in favor of the ;not ion of th e SE:nato r 'from Ken
ne ec ,
s�nator Kat z ,
tha t th i s ord e r be pla c ed o n the t ab le wi ll r is e and re7
main st anding until c0untcd .
All tho s e oppo sed will r i s e and r a:iai n s t anding
unt i l counted .
A divi sio n was had .
Scvcnt en SPn;:i,t.ors havi ng vo ted in the a ffi nnative
and fourt e e n Stnator s having voted in t he m J ga+.i Y e, +.h e mo t.i n pr vailed Ei!1d
the Order wa s t abl�<i , pavi i n g P11.ss ::i.ge .
�(16 )
TWO
MA JNE IN DIANS SELECTED
FO R LEADERS-UP PRCGRAM
Mr s . Eugeni a Thomp son, edito r of the Maine India n N ews letter and a member
of the Penobscot Tri be , and Mr . Wayne Newell, .Ameri c an Fri end s Servi ce Comm · ttee
fieldwork e r and m snber o f th e Ple a sant Po int Pass am aquoddy Tribe, have b een
s el e c t e d as Fellows o f th e Ford Foundation ' s Leade r ship Development Pro gram for
1969-1970 .
Thi s Leade r ship program was begun in 1966 on an experiment al basi s .
The
program id enti fies and help s develop indivi dual s from primari ly poo r no n-urban
r egions o f the Uni t ed States and part s o f Canada through financial support grant s
for an y pe riod up to o ne ye ar .
Programs for the individual Fellows selected
are pJ a m iP.d to h elp potent ial l eade rs open new insi ght s and fost e r per sonal
growth .
Fell owsh i p pr ogr ams usual ly combine a ctivi tie s like int el'n ship s , coi r r se
work , vi s i t s to model pro j ect s , wo rk experi enc e , independent study, r e searc h ,
travel and wri ting.
Funds vary depending upon activit ie s plarme d and current
salari e s .
To the ext ent po s sible, e a ch Fellowship is tai l ored to ind �vi dua l
ci rcumst anc e s . · For t h e approved pe riod, w hi ch nee d not b e compl et ed i n 1 2 con
s e cutiv e month s, Fellows r e c eive s al a ry equivale nt s and pro gram co s t s .
l'wfr s . Thompson was b orn on the Penob scot Re servation and moved to Gardiner,
Maine , wh en she was 12 year s o ld .
Aft er graduating from Gardiner High Scho ol
she obt ained a B . A . degree in p sychology from Gordon Colleg e , in Wenham , Mass .
Marri e d in 1964, her h u sb and , Kenneth, i s Deputy Commi s sione r of Ind ian Affai r s
fo r t he Stat e o f Main e .
S h e worked 5� ye ar s a s a cas eworker for t h e State Dept .
•f Health and Welf are b e fore r e signing in 1968; sh e is th e mother of t\\'O children
and is e.xpe cting a third .
I
Mr . Wayne Newell was born on the Pl e a s ant Point Re servation, attended
St . Anne ' s Schoo l at Pl eas an t Po int and graduated from Eastport High Schoo l .
H e at tended Perkins Ins t itute , Watertown, Mass . , and Eme r so n College , Bo ston,
M a s s . , and wa s employed for 3 ye ars by WABI- TV , Bango r , b e fo r e being employed
by the AFSC in the spring of ' 68.
Sinc e that time he h as been a c ti ve in youth
a ct ivi tie s, Community Ac tion Programs, and program s o f th e Dio c esean Div ision
of Indian Se rv ic e s o n all 3 of Mai ne .t s Re s e rvat io ns .
He is marri e d to the
fo:rme r Sandra C lark , of Belfast , and t h e f athe r o f o ne child .
The Ford pr o gram exp e ct s to h e lp develop new leadersh ip - for tho s e wh o
demons trate promi s e of c h an gi ng educat ion and community affair s in the next
/
quart er c entury, but who are no t now o f r e co gni ze d leade rship s t ature or exper
i en c e , or al r eady in r e co gni z ed po si tions of authorit y .
While there i s no
age c ei li ng , priority i s given to candidate s under 35 and without advanced
d e gr ee s .
While per sonal growth is t he pro gr am t s primary co nc ern, th e community
and region from whi ch t he Fellows come should also benefit e ventually .
Al so amo ng th e 20 Fellows selected fo r t he 1969-1970 year from th e Maine
N ew Hamp shire-Vermont-New Brunswi ck area compri s ing th e New Engl 8l1 d regio n of
the Program ar e
3
membe rs of the Male cite Tribe of N ew Brunswi ck .
PLEASANT POINT NEWS
Mr s . Eli z abeth LacQute i s confined to he r home wit h th e flu .
On March 2 , Kei t h Adam Moo r e wa s bapt · z e d by Fath er Ni ck nai r in St . Ann ' s
He is t he infant
Chur c h with Vivi an Moo re and Geor ge Bai ley as go dpar en ts .
son of Mr . a nd Mr s . Raymond Moo re .
On Sunday evening the adult party sponsored by the St . Ann t s Women ' s Club
was h eld at th e Tribal Hal l .
An enjoyable time wa s h ad by all with square
dancing.
St.
A buffet lunch was s erled .
,
6 new Pari sh Counci l · memb e r s were vot ed in by pari shone r s o f
They a r e Anna Lola, Jeanette Nep tun e , John N i chola s , Robert
On March 2,
Ann ' s Chur ch .
Newell ,
John Bai ley and Fr an c i s Sapiel .
( Continued on Page
17 )
�(17 )
( 'Continued
from Pag e
16)
Si st er There s a r e turne d Satur day afternoon frora Old To�m .
remain he r e for t he next tv.o wee ks .
She will
The monthly bu siness me e ting wi ll b e
condu c t ed by Pre s . J e anett e I-Ioo re o f the Wome n ' s Club, with t o p i ·c s o f d i s c ussion
to· includ e monthly due s ,
Home Nur s ing Cou r s e , Hand Craft s and knitting.
Mr . and �irs . Wayne Newell ar e the parent s of a girl , Dorothy Ann , bo rn
on March 1 st .
6th
On lfarch
the St . Ann ' s GraIJlll ar Schoo l boys b asketball t e am played
th ei r last game in Eastpo rt with Perry ,
The t ec.rn h a s gained a l ot of expe ri en c e during t hei r fi r s t year of play .
done
fine
a
job .
He an d Hr .
The i r c o ach , F ranc i s
Ri ch ard F.hrmett , t ea cher a t St .
transported t h e boys to play d ur i ng t he s ea son .
Out o f oore than l , O(X) entri e s in the
Art Award s ,
Point .
en
Janet Lewey,
9,
"Red " S apiel h a s
Ann 1 s Schoo l ,
/
fourth Annua l B2ngor Daily News
won a m e rit award for her water color of Ple a s ant
She wa s pi cked among Grade s 1-4.
Her t e ac her is Sis ter Judith .
Duri ng th e Wo rld Day of Pray er Servic e at St . Jo s eph ' s Church in Ea stport
Fri day,
Sis t e r Judith spoke on Chri sti an Unity .
All denominations o f t he
East 'JX) rt a re a were r epr e s ent ed .
John Nic ho l as and William Altvate r , J r , , both Junior s at Shead Hi gh Sclio0 1 ,
attended the mid-year neeting o f the Upward Bound e r s at Bowdoin Co l l ege , in
Brunswick ,
ve r the week en d .
1i s s l·fary Alberta 1 i ch o l as graduat ed as a Pra c t i c al Nur se from the NMVTI
Arthur Gould
of Mr .
(
Hospi t al in Pr esque I s le , o n February 28th .
and '.fr- s . Jos eph N i cholas .
F ran The Quoddy Tid e s , Eastport,
Iaine , Iviarch
4,
1
Sh e is the d aughter
1969 . )
DRIVER EDUCATION BEGINS
Th e fir st me eting o f the Plea s an t Point Driver Educ ation cla s s was held
ionday evening, 1-far ch 10th .
The instruc tor for th e cla s s is · ir . B a rtle t , from
Shead - emor i al Hi gh S choo l in Eastport .
Tho s e att errl ing t he fi r st s s s ion wer e : Anna Lola , Marga!'et Bai le y , Cli f
ford Francis , Car elto n Lewey, �iarth a N i cho las , Anthony Franci s , Irene Lewey ,
G enevieve Neptune , Alvc;; r a Mit c h oll , Be s s i e r ae Stanley, Rebe c c a Franci s , Veroni c a
Murphy,
· 1ary
Mit chel l ,
Tomah ,
Sap i el , Norma · NE;well , Gerad a Longfellow, J o s ephine Bai ley, :Margaret
Alb e rt a N i c ho la s , John N8ptune , Dennis Lewey, David Tinker, No el
Jr. ,
( From
end U r sala Newel l.
The Wigwal!l
-
/ /69 )
CAP Newsl ett e r , 3 17
DID YCU KNOW THAT
Jo s eph N i c holas i s very ill:?
the C alais
Our praye r s should b e o ffered to him .
A r ec ept ion was h eld for David and Romona So c t omah S a tu rday,
ton Lion 1 s
P e ac e
.
He i s at
Ho spital .
Club .
They were married on March 1 5 ,
1969
at t he Prince-
by t he Justi c e of the
An -organi z ational meeting for Ple a sant Po int Boy and Cub Scout s wa s held
at th e tribal hall on iar c h 16th .
Dani el Ba s s ett int ro du ced the Cub Sco t�
Mas ter , Bob Kee z er, and th e Boy S r
.out M1st e r, Holli s riat he ws .
8 bo ys s i gn e d
up fo r Cu b Scout s ,
las as A s s i stant .
Gerard
with Hr s . Na ry Altvater as Den Mothe r a n d Mrs . Franc e s Ni cho1 2 boys s igned up for Boy Scout s , with Raymond Moo r e an d
i c ho l a s a s a s s i s t ant s t o th e S cout Maste r .
Two t e acher aid e s b e gan work in iarch at the Ple a s ant Po int s c ho o l a ft e r
being approved jointly b y th e Passam aquo d dy Tribal Counc ils 1 Corr;rauni ty Action
They are Rita Altvat er a rrl
Program and the State Depa rtment of Education.
Anna Lela , who were r cqi 1 · r8'3 t.o o'P"' rt.k Pcs�- r n.r11lo 1i<ly h t ordHr t.o obtain t h e i r
p o s i ti on s .
�( 18 )
GOV .
CURTIS GOE S O N RE.CORD
On February 2 8th , Gov . Kenneth M . Curti s i s sued the fo ll wiqg E.x� cu tive
Order to all State Depa rtment s a nd Agenci e s :
"We are all awar e f the spe ci al r elati nship of the Indian
Tri b e s and the i r re servati on land s to t he Sta te of Mein
Spec ific re sponsibi litie s with cor re sponding appropriatio ns
are vested in c e rtain a ge n cie s , parti cularly th e Dep a rtment
of Indi an Affair s and the Department of Educ ati o n, in
regard to our Indian popula tio ns .
Many oth e r agen c i e s
work i n one fo rm o r an o th e r with
ur Indi an c i t i zens . 11
"I wi sh to stat e that it is, and will cont inue t0 be ,
the po li cy
f th i s Admini strati o n t give all pos s ible
a s s i st ance within budget and staff lir.1it ations to th e Indians
of th e Stat e , through wha tever a genc ie s are app ro pri a te . '.'
•
BOOK REPORT
A valuable new book on contempo rary Ind i an a ffair s has rec ently been
It is The Am er i can Imi � T day, an anthology edit e d by Stuart
Levine and Nancy Oe strei ch Lurie , publi shed by Eve rett/E<lwa rd s , Inc . , 133
South Pec an Avenue , Deland , Fl ) rid a 3 2720 .
( April 1968 )
The 208 p age s include a brie f bi0graphy ef contributing auth o r s , a �ibli
• graphy ( Cont empo rary, Ethnologi cal , So ci0-Poli ti cal, Hist ri c al ) , an Index,
and an end-paper map showing the "Di stribution of De s cendant s of the Aboriginal
Pepn l ation of Ala s ka , C a nad a and the United Stat e s " pub li shed in 1960 by the
University of Chi c ag ' s Department 0f Anthrop 1 gr .
The content s are as fo llows :
" The Survival
f Indi an Ident i ty" - Stuart Levi ne ; "Hi sto ric a l Background "
Nancy Lurie ; " Culture and the Ameri c an Indian Cemraunity 11 - Elizabeth Clark
Ro s enth al ; "Nationali�ti c Trend s Amo ng Ame ri can Indi an s " - Shirley Hill Witt ;
1 1 P an-Indi ani sm 1 1 - Robert K . Thomas ; " Th e I so la ted Ea stern Cherokee " - Ha rriet
J . Kup fer e r ; 11 '.rlght 8hoe r ight : Oklahoma Indi ans Tod ay" - Carol K . Ra chli n ;
"Fa c tional Confli c t and t h e Ind i a n Cor:mrunity : Th e Prairie Potawatinu Cas e " James A . Clift o n; "Hi story and Current Sta tu s of the Houma Ind i a n s " - Ann
Fi s che r ; " Some Limitations of the Rena s aenc e C nc ept in Acculturation ': The
Nez Perce Case 1 1 - Deward E . Walker , J r . ; " Indi an Edu c ation Fo r What " - Ro sali e
and Murray Wax ; 11 Therapeuti c Experien c e of Re s ponsible D€1Il• cr acy11 - Henry F .
D byns ; '" An Ame ri can Ind ian Rena s cenc e ? " - N an cy Luri e .
The boo k i s available from th e publi sher at $12 . 00 retail, w ith a di s
count allowed fo r pr ofessional
r der s .
publi she d .
TWO NEW PUBLIC ATION S
in the Departm�nt o f Ind i an Aff a i r s 1 " Ind ia ns o f Maine " mimeographed series o f
info rma tion sh e e t s a re now avai lable .
Th e y a r e F o r e s t Re sour c e s o f th e
Indian Township P a s s am�'tls>d dy Res e rvati o n, by Art.hur G . Randall, pro fe s so r at
the Univers ity of i"i a ine 1 s s c ho ol of fo restry, and The Fu ture o f Indi an Edu c a.
tion, by Father J . E . Y . Levaque , OVI , president of the Canadi an Nat�onal As soc ia�
tion of Principal s and Admini stra to r s of Ind ian Re sidence s , Alberta, C an ad a .
Bo th publ icati on s a r e available in s i ng� e copi es without ch arge from
t he Dep artment o f Indi an Aff air s , St a t e Hous e , Augusta, 1aine 04330 .
DID YOU KNOW THAT
Califo rnia Gov . Ronald Reagan re c ently named Loi s Risli ng , a Hoopa Indi an, to
Hi s s Risling is a sophomore
his Advisory Committee on Chi. ldren and Yout h ?
'Ihe Cor:imi.ttee condu c;t s he arings
h i story maj o r at Sacramento State College .
and r e po rt s pe riodi cally to the Governo r ou pr obl ems of young people .
�
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newletter </em>(March 1969)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1969-03
Contributor
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Julia Bush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-454
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/88b1ce575c1076c8a4ab1b15b02f3da1.pdf
5a465b160871494ed8e181c492eea1de
PDF Text
Text
IAN
MAINE�IN
N
OLUME
E �
3, NUhBER
S 14 E T T E R
FEBRUARY
,
1969
INDIAN EDUCHTION TAKES BACK SE.;.T
The Advisory Board of the Division
r,f Par ,J
bacred
nd,
consisting
�f
of triba l members,
In d i�n
Services of
parish i.riests,
this statement at their meeting ef February 24 at
Penobscot Reservation.
the Diocese
unanimous.J.y
Indian
Island,
resent:
Those
Beatrice Phillips, Bunny Raner, Sam Sapiel, John Nelson as
PenobsGot:
member s; .1.lick Sapeil, Donald Da i gle, f;ugenia Tho1,1·�son as guests•
Joe
icholas, Francis Sapeil,Al�ert Dana, John Stevens,
Passamaquoddy:
Wayne Newell,
OtL�"Y' memb ers :
Cobb of
Rev.
St.
C
Br·h�vick,
Pierre.
mmi l".Ri 011er
Erl.ward H in c kl ey ,
Univ .-Uni\•.
Church, Rev.
Other gae sts:
Greg Buesing and Bruce
o f �du�a�ioL.
Dept.
Louis
Doyle;
O'Toole,
Iceberg,
Re\•.
and
VI,TAs,
Rev iV1aurice
Nicknair,
and
James Brown,
STATEMENT TO INDIAN EDUCATION COM1 .ITTJ.::E
MEETING AT C
LAIS, 1"1AINE,
FEBRlL-u<Y 26,
1969
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I regret that ot he r , 1 rig-standing cemmittments pr e v en t ray
a ppear i n g before you in person this evening.
In spite of my abseuce,
1l1·w�ver, I wish
your attenti n a series of events which,
to call t
J L nlie v
e , censtjt11tes a serious threat to ')Ur cemnon objectives of
im1a·..,v�·l
f'lri11�at.ion
Sub s e que nt t.
re.ferend
for Pflf;,samaquoddy Indian children.
the passage of a bond issue by state-wide
the D e partment 1f Educ ation publicly promised to
construct on each PaAsamaquoddy Reservation a new school building
ce rrn j st.j rJ g of two clast=:r o
The department
e ms and a n a11 - p111·pose room.
has now i�formed
interested p a rties that only one classroo J and an
a]J -p r 1,03� :r:c-,'Jnl wJ 11 be Cl)]is 1-r ic ted on each Rese1·va tion at this time.
The raaoou s t a t ed for this alteration in plans is a rise in constructien
cests
.un
Ja:; t;
Jirne,
from
�15
per s<111Rre
avaiJ�able f•u.1.tis
f o.Jt
to
$22
d 1.1 b11y less scheol.
per square feot;
thus the
Wlen I was inf ormed of this situation approxi��tely two weeks ago
by an cffjn1a1 of the Department of Education, I was simultaneously
assured that �}1� De��rt-ment had rAques ted funds for additional class
reoms
frcm the
.Jnl��.h I.erJslat,11re,
that such funds were virtually
and that such funds would be immediAtely avajlahle
so that the addit.:i.01i;3.J �1 non •• , ms could be promptly added to the basic·
b u ild ing s .
S11bseque111-,1y, I djn.-\'•"''"'1:nd tlat this st-.o.h:•.nent WCJR toh:illy
certain
false.
to
be granted,
r �.r.t:i_l•'l
,1
, .n
pnge
2)
�- 2 -
U�IH�.N
EDUC
� T.:1. �
T JIBS BACK SEAT, Continued f�om page 1
The request to �ne Legis�ature is for a bond issue, which
be subject to appr0val by a referendum no sooner than October,
Further,�ore, this issue w uld lump school facilities with such
as recreational facilities, office buildings, and sewerage and
fa cilities, f r a total of $665,0 C.
would
1969.
items
water
It takes little political insight to re lize that the voters of
MaiLe are unlikely te apJrove a bond issue fer recreation and office
space within a few months
f the adjournment of the costliest Legis
lative session in the State's hist0ry.
The c]Asntoems will share the fate of their bond-mates; the
ddldren of the P.3FiRe1marp10ddy Tribe i'ill crrntinue - for additional years t
endure over-crowded,
ns ui tary, and educa tionall. nef Pc ti np; school
b iiJ dj rigs
•
It is, I feel, worth n ting that Indian children uill be the only
losers.
The white architects will not suffer a lower c ra.mission for
the sm::iller buiJc1iHgs; the white c ntractors will not receive lower
profJ+R; the white D e partment cfficials will not receive lewer salaries.
Only the iu h=:.1·ests of Indians seem te be expendable.
·
I w o u ld p se a question t
you.
Why d es the Department of
Education - which can fight for higher per pupil subsidies for other
schcols, which can buile fine schools for white children in the
urrc rga1d 7.ed territories - not exhibit siuri lar vigor in fig� ting for
adequate sch ols for Indians N01i, not at some ne ul0us future time?
Again, it see�s, Indians must reside at the bottom of the white
burP-acracy' s totem p0le pf/ priorities.
I res1Jectfully request that you, �s a com .ittee, 1ublicly urge
the Department of ''duc.:..!.tion to sponsor an ammend ent t0 its general
fund appropriations bill, said au.mendment to provide funds for the ...:..
j mmediate c01Js+ r11 t:ion C'f adequate school facilities on the Passamaquoddy
Hc:=H"1·vciti0 F>.
s11ho1·djnate the needs of
ToJPration of efforts to
IrJdi AUS to those on 11r1lL- Tllfli ::i.ns has too long been the response of toe
many peoplP- in Mr.iiu.e.
Ple::ise -- r.h;-ingP. t-his pattern - act - NOi/I.
-Louis Doyle, C�ordinator,
Division of Indian Services
Portland Diocese
x x x
PL '.J.r'..SANT PyffT TEEN
PLi\.Y HOST 1ro STUDENTS
NOR'i1h
YARi•10UTR
C LUB
FROM
AC ADA1'1Y
by Wayne A.
Newell
This past weekend, Feb r uary 8-9, the teens from Zibyig played
Host to a group of Seniors from tforth Yarmouth Acade.my.
On Saturday
a group of tee1... s f.1e.r-formed some of the tribes Ind i-3n dances.
Among
the d a n c e rs were Stephen Nictolas, Leon S0nk�hanin, Grace Dana, Angie
Sockabasln, Linda Frar�:is, Tieuorah Francis, and Betty Fr a 1Jcis .
At 8:08
P.M. en Saturday night the whoJ� p:l.'l')'lP got together for a dance until
(Continued on page 10)
twelve midnight.
�- 3 E
TRE NAINE
EDITOR:
D
I
T.
R
0
A
I
L
S
IND IAN NE�/SLETTER
(Mrs.)
Eugenia T.
Thompson
(Penobscet)
News and stories may be subfuitted t
the Newsletter for
at the following address;
Maine
42
�ublication
Indian Newsletter
Liberty Street
Gar ainer , Maine
COivii'tENTS hl; D
04345
Tel.
582-5435
OBS ERV T I ON S
by the Editor
Recently a Legislative hearing was held at which Coi.i1u1issioner
H inckley was questioned r e gar di ng a deg ordinance which the Passa
maqueddy want put into law.
(This law is similar to the ?ne the
Penobacot's already have.)
The hearing was long fo r something so
simple, Overheard was a reporter's c tt mtJ.ent, 11If it takes them this
long to discuss a deg or d ina n � e , what d0 t he y do when they have
sorae
thi.ue;
11.y imper ant ?11
r8
cruel to shoot a dog which was
t hat the dogs
Hinckley was asked if it wasn't too
not properly licensed; it was suggested
might be taken t:)
a
dog p und.
'llo . . t)lis Hinckley replied
.ms over 100
that Elsworth was the near�st place to take them and it
mi les away from
c: the reservations.
•
mean you don't have any
means to
Hinckley was then asked,
you
care for these dogs on the reserv�tion?
Tiin�kley e xplai ned then that we don't even have the means to t&ke care
of people on the reservations, let alone dogs.
T ere is·.ne' human so luti on to this d "Jg problem.
S h oo t ing a child's
unlicensed dog seens cruel and it would seem p roper that at least one
warning be giien the owner and a reasonable ti�e to have the
licensed
before carrying out this maxiwum p en a l t y .
It must be remembered that enly the people living
dog
on the re se rvations
know if the number of d gs running around is sufficient to constitute
a general nu i sance ,
and their wishes on this ruatter should be respected.
Befere this bill was submitted to the legislature,
the ether Indian b i lls
subwitted to tLe
just like all of
1egislature,
it was discussed
by the tribal Governors and Councils &nd agreed upon.
These Go vernors
and council members are elected
fficials of their r espec t ive tribal
reservations.
Co11ucil meetings are usually open me � tings and any member
�f the tribe who Nishes may come and ask questions and make statementa,
sc when alJ �s said and dene, it is thn India n people themselves wh
tahu.
know that a problem exists and know how best to de�l with it.
nee d ed by the D
One i:llore word about the $50,00�
lnni8n Affairs:
Il�lp!
A commjttee
of j1�1uiry was set up by the legislature to
the p r o b leas of the young department,
�hich to do the
this kind,
but
death as it is.
in Augusta.
partment of
$200
job.
thP-n th e
and was ap1)r :i;ric:.ted
is not much money to de a thordugh
Nhen they get
ue done
tirg enough money t
job
a
2)
job
0f
but that in the end the legislature
just twQ cb�ises facing them:
e l s e,
n with
through I expect they wil l find that so&e
en welfare
w ill realize that they have
er
iook into
J11ni AlJS have been studied and committeed t
Moat .tf t.t: e j t r11j r jug seems to be tc:king place right
tighten in g up can
mum
$2
do
the
make it clear that . the y do
job and· then tell the de p:::irr.m ent t
fifty dallar bill
,
1) Ap pr � pria
they have charged the depa r tmen t with,
then sit ba�k
ann
not want or intend t0 do a mini
do a one hundt·ed doJ J.c:tr job
h::ive Anot-her requ est next
with
�-4Penobscot H using Authority Notes
On Monday February 17, 1969 The Penobscot Housi�g Authority held a special
meeting
with Gnv. John Mitchell, the Penobscot governor, and the Lt. Governot,
Donald Daigle, and several other members of the tribe in ortier to hear la.rry Loug,
from Soil Conservation Service tell abouta visit he made to an authenUc ancient
Cherokee Indian village in Oklahoma.
1'1r. Long, introduced by Sherman Hasbrouk, of the University of Maine
Ext � nti o n Service.
Long described the projec+., showed slides of the villagP.
and explai ed how the Cherokees built and paid for the village.
The idea
sounds feasible
enough for the Penobscot tribe to look into it.
The OY.lahoma Che rokee s created a non-profit corp ration and received
of about
from E.D.A. (Econ mic Development Admi..�i_qtrati.on)
to go alo1g with the $20,000 put up by the tribe and the �20,0 0 pµt up by
t, e state of OY.1 A.homa.
Many jobs
have been prnvid d to tribal members·
Of course, they have on advantage over us and that is -q longer bu.ldjng
seasor. in which to work.
But, this alone should be no deterrent ·
Eefvre a projP.ct of this nature is undertaken a 1 t
f grom1dwork must
be laid.
fl.P.search must e done, and a feasibility study must be made just as
it was in Ok1aliorna bef re the prc.ject was undertaken.
The later is a
a
$600.000
grant
rer111i rPment o f EDA befo re they make a grant of this size for such a project·
FoJ l ()�1� g t is
alk and discussion
the Co-o p erative Agreement was signed
give n to S 'IfmO !'rn j oner HincY-.ley to take
o Augusta to continue working on it·
The SecretaT.-J w.::1s not present and it wasn t until the following Monday that
t
arn·
he was able to f:LnaJ1y sign the accompanying papers required by HUD.
In Augusta all that is required before the papers are r turned to HUD, is fo r
t e Attorr.ey General Department to agree that the Governor is the proper person tc
sign the Ag1·fieIU.ent, and then
·
.. :,
011tce the Governor has signed it it will be
sent to HUD.
Upon receipt of this document HUD will send the H using Authority
the moneur to begj n our survey and plan ing of the new homes.
Reports on the l'e11 hsr. t Ho isj ng Authority meetings will
e included in
�
t.he ..
J\Jewsletter
·Material submitted by Matthew Mitchell,
t H u:=dng .'1t<t.hority
Cbairman, I'enoJ:-.s
x
x
x
TO GRADUATE
MARY ALBERTA NICHOLAS, daughter of .Toe Nicholas, Pleasant Point, w�ll
graduate on February 28 from the Nor the r n Mai ue \Tccat.ional Tn8titute and
Gould Mf1mod al Hos}Jj t.al as a Practical Nurse.
x
x
x
$50,000 RE�UESTED
At a hP.aring held on Tue sd ay Feb. 11, 1969, before the Appropriations
Gornroittee
r,omrnissioner F.ciward C. Hinckley
of the Department of Indian
Affairs requested. $50 000 to r. Ht-.i 11 ing runui.ng the Department during the
,
final quarter of Flsr.al 1970.
The rer111�st was for Eme1 gency funds , not
requiring th e delay following reg11lar legislative adjournment, as would be
rP.quired otherwise.
Hin r.Y.ley told the Cormnittee:
''Believe me, gentlemen,
the services we provide, exp ensiv e as they • • • a re, are far less than the
services we should be providing • • • jist from the standpoint of helping
these people stay alive until through the pro0ess of education, economic
devE'!J. pment and • . .lAarle:rsrrip dev�J oprnent their total situation can be improved.
One Indian spoY.esman, Mrs. Helen Goslin, a Penobscot I ndian from the 'reserva
tion in OJd�own pointed out: 11From here to Augnsl-..'\ +Ji.ere are alot of long
pockets.
It's up to you,"sl1e tolrj ·�.be r·<,mrnit.t.ee,, "to fjn<i_ t.hose long pockets
and tighte n
u
a bit.11
�LETrERS TO THE EDITOR
(Editor's note:
the following letter
was sent to the Governor of the State
of Maire by the editor, the Governor's
reply follows.)
(5)
three hundred years in regards to the
Penobscots and Passa(,aquoddys.
I woved from the Reservation about four
teen years ago, but I am no lass a Pen
Governor kenneth V. Cu rti s
obscot, and I want to see.the interest
Executive Department
continue for my hrothefs the Penobscots
I feel that this
State house,
and PassaBaquoddys.
Augusta, Maine 04330
interest has been generated since the
Department of Indian Affairs was forJed
Re:
Commissioner Edward C. Hinckley,
and Commissioner hinc'.·,_ley was hired.
Department of Indian Affairs
Back in November, 1966 the I111aine Indian
Newsletter felt that you showed an aware
Dear Governor Curtis,
ness of our people and their needs,
when you called for 11i;nproved education,
At a recent news conference you were
housing,and econo1,1ic conditions for t'he
We feel that we are
asked about a petition that was signed Maine Indians."
by about 100 Indians in support of
beginning to hope that these conditions
Commissioner Rinckley and their pro
are starting to� i�proved, and we hope
grarus.
that politics will not interfere with
You explained that about 100
Indians out of 1200 population had
these needs.
Very truly yours
signed the petition. Your expltnation
is false because nearly every adult
"Bugenia T. Thodpson, Editr
Penobscot Indian living on the Old
�aine Indian Newsletter
To n, Indian Island Reservation_1 sig ned
the petition. Nearly every adult Pen Dear Mrs. Thompson:
obscot?
Nearly the whole tribe!
Thank you for a chance to ex�ress my
views in tha �aine Indian Newsletter.
The Penobscots are very proud to be
Penobscot Indians. Like-wise the Pass- I think it is unfortunate th�t the cur
AmRquoddys are very proud to be Passrent controversy over financial details
ama'}noddy Indians.
It was the Penob- has obscured the very real good that
has been done by the Departfilent of Indi a 1
scot Indjans who drew up the petition
Affairs, other State agencies and the
and signed it to show you that we a p proved of Commissioner Hinckley. The
Legislature in atte• 1pting to aL1eliorate
total number of Indians, men, 10men
a situatibn that has be n neglect d for
and children living on the three Reye�rs.
serva ions in Maine is 1,200. Children do not usually sign such petitions.I think it is clGar that the State is
Ob•.rio·.16ly, your motive in belittling
now sincerely dedicated to he iL1prove
the si e;rd ficance of our petition is
ment of conditions for our Indian pop
At least, this is the inulations.
Howopen to rp1estion and criticism.
ever, we will forgive you. Ne want
tention of Qy administration and always
to thank yoµ for stanning behind the
will continue to be, as long as I am
pr o g rams ano llOnclcrl r.>' l"I j C<"'A n�n<l.e re d
in office•
to us.
An investigation of my proposed budget
I am one more Penobscot Indian in fn1 l for the next two ye2rs will show that
support of Commissioner hinckley.
I have proposed an increase of approx
You surely could not find any other
imately $165,000 for Indian Affairs,
man as d:-,dicated, as enP-re;etic, as
inc l uding funds for the establishwent
impatient �Ii C5>0r..issioner .fljnr:l-:ley.
of tribal housing authorities on the
Yes, impatient
three reservations. Total funding for
impatient with peo
ple who are willing to let thi n gs �nn the Departwent of Indian Affairs is
In additiol'l),
721,618 for the bienni um.
tinue to ride as they had for over
(Continned on page 6, colW11n 1)
(Continued in column 2)
•
•
•
�( 6)
(Letters
continued from page 5)
Dear Mrs. Thompson,
in th DepartiJent of Education budget
for school�ng for Indian children, I
I receive my copy of the Maine Indian
have as�ed for an incr ase of $255,850,Newsletter each montli and spend the
raising the total appropriation to
evening reading it.
$566,344.
.
•
•
The increases I have asked for to�al
approxi�ately 1420,850, out of about
1.2 million, more that a 33% gain
over the past two years.
If more mon
ey can be justified in public hearings
and the Legislature is willing to ap
propriate mor�, I would, of course,
be happy to go along with their recom'
mendations.
I r ceived the Jan. issue today and
on the first page you said you would
like to hear from some of us.
. '/e live on a fartu in danchester
(Iiaine)
which we bought last spring.
Je have
four children, three of them are in
I work as
school, one is at hou;_e.
a nursing assistant at the Tagus Vet
erans Hospital.
I spent five years
in the Navy (Seabees).
I would also wention 'the bond issue of
$655,000 that I recomtlended for im
We enjoy your pa er very much.
proveme nts on the reservations.
James Neptune (I'enobscot)
Last
year, as you know, for the first time
R#l Collings Rd.
Halloi ell, taine
in the histor y of the State, a bond
issue was passed providing facilities
++
for the Indian reservations.
Dear Editc.r,
Finally, as a measure that relates to
Indian affairs, I have asked for some
This is j ust a short letter to inform
$60,000 to create a Human Rights Com
uch 1 have enjoyed re�ding
you how
mission with investigatory powers to
your Maine I ndia. Newsletter since
attack any and all probJews of dis
I have been stationed here in Viet Nam.
crlminn�j on jn the State.
Although I do not subscribe to/it I
have had the op.i.ortunity to read it
I hope that the Legislature can be
&ince the regular subscriber �M2 C.D.
There aren't
persuaded to pAsR my program and I
Gibson is not longer h re.
will need all of your help in convinc too many of us frol.! tlaine over here
ing them.
but the two boys that I do know from
Maine hav� also read your paper after
At the same time, I am well aware that
money, alone, c·nnot solve all pro
l lAms of djfH�rjrnination, neglect and
:
injustice. An attitude must be pre
sent on the part of �tate officials,
as well as all Maine people, for us
to deal fairly with each other, to
understand each other, and to help
each other.
I cornpleted it.
My rotation date is in two we ks so
I would 5uess that I have read your
But L did
paper for the last tiLle.
want to pass on to yo·u that l .M2 Gibson
is no longer here and that you could
discontinue his subsc�iption-to the
base if you so disired.
..
Just a side note.
I� grandparents
I pledge my efforts in my cRpacity
as Governor to do the best th:::i.t i · 1,ns- live in Bath and have a c .-p along
the coast by Freeport so I know .Jour
sibly can to achieve a better life
I live in Hampden
for our Jn<liRn citjzens.
area quit� well.
,Sjn(';c:-t·oJy you.rs,
Iiighlands whi.ch is next door to Bangor.
Kenneth M. r;11rtil'3
Governor
May 1 wish you continued success wit h
y1m1· Nr--.;u�lntt-er in the futuiee.
February· 6, 1969
. .
**
Sinc<n·ely
Brian Higgins •HM3
MA6-12 hed.
1111
�(Letters
continued from page 6)
Dear Editor,
•
•
(7)
•
We are certainly willing to make our
rather limited resources availab�e to
any interested persons; and it is our
I would like to add another person to
ho�e that as ti1e goes on these resourc r
your list of Indians who get the News will be iiliproved and will be used by
I enjoy receiving it.
There an increasing nuJber of people who wish
letter.
ate many int�rasting articles in it.
to learn about the history and culture
In your Dec. issue, my familys nawe
of haine Indians.
was in, as visiting Indian Island.
·1e do not live in Sonersville, N.J. �e We have recently initiated a project
live in Sofilers ¥oint, which is a reto locate and catalog Maine Indian
sort town, in South Jersey.
And has
artifacts held in museums and in priquite a historic background.
vate collections throughout the United
States and Canada.
It is our hope that
The person I nould like to reccomed is: this survey will bring to light some
i11rs. Andrea Fulkerson
She is a Penob-articles that we may eventually be
able· to acquire for fhe State Musc11m.
scot Indian from Indian Island.
Thank you
�·{e also expect that the photogl'aphs
.
Mrs. Sandra (Mitchell)
of these artifo.cts, which we are now
Broschard
coiu.piling, will help us in designing
our new exhibits on 1'··-Iaine Indian his
tory and culture, and that they may
.Dear Friends:
provide a source af valuable informa
tion to pr�sent-day Indian craftsmen
As a regular reader of the Maine In
who might be iilterested in creating
dj an nensJe ter Counecticut residence
authentic reproductions. This �reject,
have been lookjng for a word about
which beg�n as an outgrowth of con
the: passing/ 8a r 11iedici'1.e Man (uf The
versations la�t SUiili·ler with Governor John
North Am ri�:"ln Tu<li:in C! l uh, Inc. ,
Stevens at Dana Point, Mr. r.•a.yne ITewr/-i 11; n..'l.ntic, Conn.).
ell at Pleasant Ioint, �nd C6Mciissioner
Hr. Joseph So
coby wro resided here in Conn. but
Edward Hinckley here in Augusta, has
was a �ember of the Ple�sant
already enabled us to compile a listPoint
Reserve at �erry, M a ine . Perhaps
ing of several hundred Maine Indian
this has been overlooked but several
the let h -:"nd 19th centuries.
artifacts o
Indians fro,1 ..aine knew of this and
1
his body Aa. Buried on t, e Reserv
'ld'
ation Our new State Museum bui ing, to be
in .. ajne.
Bucloi:ed is further de f·.'!:\i l r-, ,...,.., .. pl c t-erl i ll .1970, will co tain several
:
'!'rust tb is 1l] J '"' Jn t-J "' J.l<'� t- Ni..;wGmajor exhibits dealing with lfaine In
le tter.
dians from prehistoric ti.wes_to the pre
F S
111<=1 r y 1;--rmal
Daughter
sent day, as well as research collect
Tho9nl"."i ng you
ions of Maine Indian artifacts -- pro
Chief Strong Horse
vided, of course, that we can find such
Pueblo & NarRg;;lnsett T ribe
artifacts to collect and exhibit, and
Ch:i e-f of the North Aruer:L.can
provided that the Legislature will see
Ju•H an C l ub, I nc.
fit to finance our proposed exhibits
of Wi l l imantic, Co �n.
pro2,ram.
(E�itor's note:
1•1r. JosP.ph J. Socohy
died December 9, 1968 at thP nge nf
Of course, it can be (and it has been)
fifty-six.)
ar�ued that a State Museum is an ex
pensive luxury th&t the Stqte of Maine
and particularly the economically-de
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
prived people of Maine cannot afford.
Ne feel, however, that the people .
I was very ple8P.cn to note your rethemselves have decided, both through
fere nee, in the t.7am1a ry Newsletter,
the vote of their representatives in
to the Maine State 111irHrnm as a 00;\l ,..� the 102nd Legislat:nre and in the sub
of information and c �llections re
t1<..:'J11ent refPl.'Pnd11m hA 110t, that the
lating to the Indians of our state.
(Coll+il1ncil on Page 8)
•
•
•
·
.
.
�(Lctters
continued fron page 7)
expense involved is a worthwhile in
vestment to help insure the preser
vation of their heritage.
Our task
now is to fulfill the wishes of the
people and to transform a lifeless
mass of steel and concrete into a
vital institmtion that will proudly
reflect the cultural heritage of
every citizen and every community
of the state.
Sincerely,
Ronald J. Kley
Research Associate
Maine State Museum Commission
Augusta, Maine 04330
•
•
•
(8)
major in it for a degree.
But the Nortt
eastern Indians are only wentioned with
in anthropology courses on broad subjects
such as "The Culture of the I di _1 r'
the North,"then all the ewphasis is on
the tribes �.Jf the :vest.
Finally, the leading Amerind authority
at the �useum of Natural History in New
York wrote .ae that I would have to fer
ret out source material myself, in the
anthropology libraries, and supplement
source data with visits to the Museum
of }atur�l History and the Indian Mus
eum, both in New York, Peabody Museum
at Yale, and the 1Juseum at Andover, t1ass.
##
Now this, to me, is unbelievable. The
first Indians the white people met up
with, and who are interwoven in America's
colonial history, are buried in the reThrough the suggestion of Howard La
cords and histories of the New England
H rreau of Ft. Wayne, Indiana, I am
I wish I had discovered this
writing to you.
I am looking for In- towns.
great gap in our anthropological halls
dia pen pRls, or people interested
in JU<J; Aus. l�Jy main pur!Jose in doing when I was young enough to do something
�1,· 3 is to try to 1et more Indians
about it.
There is a Vast wealth of
material in our literature and records
wr1 iti� to each other, to bring us
cl01.: er � ''!!,""t.her, to gain knowled,ge
in the Northeast;
enough to develop
of other t:r:Jbes. So I am hoping you into a school of its own, much like has
wj 11 place ,l1i R i.n your newsletter.
happened in the Southwest.
'.rhank you,
It is true that ruuch of the modern an
Paul Gibson
thropological studies such as are being
f/)ft: Maute Rd.
done on the primitive tribes in South
GrasR T,Pi l..-�
Mj d1 j gan
492110
Aruerica,-the taking of blood tests, ruak
( Ol btwa Ir <ii ::1.
ing sound tapes of the living language,
t!8
recording of tribal memories, taking
measurements of the physical aspects of
r·ear E<li tor:
individuals, etc. cannot be done on the
vanished tribes of the Northeast.
But
A year ago now, in January and Feb.
1968, I se-.rched the whole United
there are still Indians enough left in
States (via :tv1ail) for a college
Maine, New Yor-'h State and Ccinada for
course on the Indians of the North
some of this work.
1 s a moun tAnd the
via
e 1 i erature
.
ea�t.
e cu ture
I'd already had some studies
ain of work to be done/ on
in South and Central American anthro of both the vanished and the liuing tribe�
pology, but I was most interested in Some tape recoLding and studies of In
m11 own Hew F.ngland area.
dian dances, etc. have already begun.
Dear Editor,
�
To my surprise ana dismay I found
that no courses on the InQians of
the Northwest are given anywhere.
Not even at the large anth:r:o ologic
al schools iri the con11try.
This in
cludes Yale, .Harva.r-d, the si3hools
of New York state, and those of the
Southwest.
I must have written f:i.f 1- J
letters trying to locate even one
course, let alone enough courses to
R
t
I would like to see a Penobscot or Pass
.amaquoddy Indian major in anth�opology
in college, then lead the way to devel
oping a strong university department sowe·
where in the anthropological science and
recorgs of the Wabanaki tribes, and those
just/ tR e west and north.
Just working
out co�rses for it would make a good
thesis pro.iect.
(Con+.in11ed on page 9)
�(Letters •
•
•
continued from page
(9)
8)
Greetings
Maybe you know of someone who is al
history of the American colonies of
to rec�ive
the
Indian;
with
•
•
from
She is
�wsletter.
tribe Nation.
©Q
besideR
=�t:ci. nating pre-historical infor
ma ion already being worked out on
the tribes of this area.
person or any
major in the
Dear Edi tor:
Any white
My friends Phyllis and Francis Nicola
who live in San Francisco sent �e a
copy of the Newsletter and I �as thrill
Indian who wants to
Indians
of the
North
east should be able to do so.
I'm
a�l for the Afro-American stuaies
be'ng introduced into soLJe
Mayt�
this is
1.,n.
t>l:lt'Ps
hy
Indians
0v. is ,ent in the
sout.ri .. f .MQ. ine
.
2.j uc,,.rely
Mary
Mrs.
Old
(E�jt.or's
note:
�
Town,
of our
We
I
just
left there 12
years ago.
seem remote
ew England
My mother's
I am half-Penobscot Indian.
My
name is Marjorie Bassett Hammond.
Ida Bassett Gould.
grand .. ther was
I am,
Thanking you
Mar jori e
rrs.
•
were
Island
Indian
little children when
Sherwood
•
Ludecke
(li.amil.lond)
Monrovia,
Iaine
H
California
Dear Editor:
would be inter
hAaring from you if you
l�rio·i of any pers
on who is rei=:A;n· r-hir1e: 1-h� r1,rl- l�"1f;�r.i.-r1 lr11li"nn.)
.
ested
The p eopl e of which they
ed with it.
speak about on
coJJ�ges, but the Indians have a leg
itimate priority in this
articular
matter.
a nd
assacheeta or· l"'JI' S.
6
e
Cc"'.1·ter
would like to put in na e of
Margaret �ilkens •
P.S.
the history of the
(Gray)
Elizabeth
ion.
But just a year ago I couldn't
find a trace of an y . such person.
The
this area is completely enmeshed
v{ha �Tua Ta.st'.i
Minnie Ha lia
ready leading a trend in this direct
eagerly read The Maine Indian News
letter each month and enclose my sub
I al
scription fee for another year.
I
??
in teresting things
ways find out many
ear Editor,
wise would
As my expiration on Ne.1sletter runs
o ut in July,
ould appreciate it con
gleaned
beforehand so I can continue to
re
ceiYe it.
i/ish you w o uld print the
foll ow ing too.
mis
I
Indians that
about the Maine
•
other
I have scrapbooks
the
ing
tinuin g right a]org, F.I. ( F �
e e In
dian)
Thought I 10uld let you know
dould
Indians
starting about
able resource .materials concerning
.Haine Indians and now that I am
no longer a reside11t of Maine, I am
rel ing on your publication to leep
meposted.
like
Later this tt10nth
ing
of t1ereafrer who was my grandfather.
His father's name was John Gray.
Be fought in Civll �ar for the North
but no record of his birth or any
thing is available in white mar F; f·i 1
a�d I unders��nd we Jn�ions kept no
re�ords.
M y grawl f a t l e r Gt·oy m ar
a Bickford.
Would also
J.ike
sisters in the
write
aine
1950 which I believe to be most valu
to hear from anyone hav
ing an lr..n0wl edge of Au,iounie Wa s
h
in�toL Gray b0in p0RR.bly around 1847
ried
froJ;t Maine newspape.I,'B concern
the
to them.
to hear from fellow
t-.rJl><" ril"1 l·1· ··m·in . 1-,,
a
I am going to be
se roin a r on our eastern
gi
r
Indians
begin iing wi t h the stone age,
relation
ships during the early discovery per
iod (discovery by Europeans) and fin
B
ally the present day problems of the
Tnnians.
I think that this is the
first
s ch program custon-made around con
cerni n g the
Indians
of New
points east and northeast.
received
York and
I have
many enthusiastic comments
abo�t the seminar already,
so am an-
ti ni pnti ng a great dea� n� �Rponse,
( (;nn t. i ttit , •l • •TL pr1 p;P 1 '
�· 10 )
( Le �. t e rs
c on t inue d f r ow }.lagt: •J )
T h e Wab an aki t rib e s w i ll re c e iv e re
c o gn i t i on f or b e in g a gre a t p ople
and cu l t ure .
I am le aning h e av i ly
on y o ur N e w s l e t t e r t o s h ow t h e pre
� e n t day p e ople a s r e al pe ople w h o
J.ive , t h ink , and h av e a l l the prob
le ms of o t h e r c on t e mp orary e v e ry day
pe 0ple .
H op e f u l l y w e c an b e gin t o
b r e ak d own s orae o f t h a t b ar rie r t hat
d e s igna t e s one gr oup of pe ople as
In�ian s andan o t h e r as n on indians .
'l' l1 e usual t e x tb o oks go int o gre a t
J. e n g t h ab o u t t he we s t e rn Indian c ul
t �r e s but mos t sum up t h e e as t :. r
Ind i an c u l t ur e s , o th e r t h an Iro
: � o is , in a t m o s t ab o u t 2 -3 page s .
S orue c ov e r t h e m in a half page .
My
s e mi na r w i l l b e c omp o s e d of 8 2 - hour
� e s n i on s ov e r a pe r i o d o f 8 we eks
' a t Je f f e rs on C ommuni t y C o ll e ge in
v a t e rt own , N . Y .
•
•
•
� i : h all b e s t w i s h e s f or t h e c on t in
u s d s u c c e s s o f T h e Maine I ndian News
] t t e r and f or much g o o d news t o
pr i n t ab o u t Maine ' s Ind ians .
S i n c e.r e ly y o urs ,
Nic h o las N . Smi th
Pla t t sb urgh , N . Y .
l !
D e ar E d i t or :
T h e B i ll ( s e e page 13 ; d i d n o t r e
c e iv e appr oval f r om � h e C omm i t t e e on
At the pub l i c
S t a t e Admin i s t r a t i o n .
h e � r i n g i t w a s s t r ongly supp or t Al
e d b y t he Mar ine C o r p Le ague .
t h o ugh no par t i c u lar oppo s i t ion was
e xpr e s se d , t h e House a c c e p t e d the
An o t h e r at t e mp t of
adv e rs e r e p or t .
t h i s t ype will p r o b ab ly b e made again
ne:.:::: t y e a r .
S i n c e r e ly ,
R e p . John F . D o lan
S e c on d E s s e x D i s t r i c t
I p s w i c h , Mas s a c h us e t t s
was
o
! 8 t c., b li h . r �.' '."! d s c.. t � ! z...
JI. c a de y 11 i t h t h e h o:·. 1t: : !1'" i: e11 n t .ia lly
RO e
of o ur b oys ,.:i.. .:_, h t o. t t -:! nd .
1m o ·i. h? r
pur r o s e �� s t o c h �nn e l l t h e e f f or t � o l
t h e qor t h Y�r m o u t h 8 t ud e u ts t o b e 1 � f i t
o u t t e e ns in wh� t e v e r w � y p oss i o le .
S o t' !e o f t n e t ldn gs
c c o l� lishe d this
v i s i t r n r e a n e x c h "' n ge o f i d e a s f r od
t h e t r n gr o u}_Js .
1 r i t ing e x c hange },•r o eram s o e v e r yone c �n h�v e i e n �a l s � �
t he s c h o o l .
Th e t, r o u
f r ow l·or tb
Ya rmou t h a gre v d t hat t he y .;.r o uld c h e c k
t n e p o s s i b i l i t y o f s e nd ing the ir R o e �
group t o p lay at t h e �� y 3a ll .
The
North Yarmo u t h s t ud e n t s were B ob R o s s \
D e an G o ods e l l , Bi l l lh o��s , J ohn C o lli�e
Bob Mcc lay dnd Ke v in C as e y .
T h e ir
fac ulty advis ors .1e re ui c ha e l and
S ue C o rb e t t .
In writ ing this > r t i c le I c ouldn '
finish oy n o t
e n t i oning h o ,1 proud I
aiil of t e way our young lll � n an d .Yowe n
c onduc t e d t h e ws e lv e s .
Th e Z i b yig T c , 5
are t r u ly a c r e d i t t o our r e s e rva t i on ,
..
c.
_
J
•.
x
x
x
ED ITOR ' S SPOUSE
ADJvi.ITT1i_;D TO ut il'i ·, B ,'..N
Kenne th C . Th or.1r.s on , D e pu t y C ommis s i on e r
o f Indian Af f 2 ir s
(ria.in e ) was
admi t t e d to �ruc t i c e b e f ore the
aine
B ar on Thurs day , Fe b ruary 13t h .
Th omps on , a Gardiner r e s ide n t , wa�
b orn in S aras o ta , Fla . an d gre w up in
Fr e e p or t , ba ine .
liis ·Jare n t s are i'·J.rs
Ad e laide , an d t he lci t e Ri c hatd H .
Th omps on , o f Fr e e p ort .
Th oups on is a gradu�t e of Fr e e p ort
H i gh S c h o o l , C o lb y C o ll e ge and the
Univ e rs i ty o f Ma ine S c h o o l of Law .
He
is mar r i e d to the f or file r Euge nia Th o . ,•as ,
a Pe n ob s c o t Ind i an �.nd Ed i t or of t he
T h e y have
Maine In dian � e ws le t t e r .
two c h ildre n , Kimb e r ly and �i lliam
�uin c y , and are e xpe c t in g a t h ird in
xx
,Apr i l .
JJh e n aske d
b ou t his fut ur e
Pleasant Point Te e n C lu b
plans , ·r h ow:i)s on s a id :
"Ny pre ..:.. e n t j o··.
C on t in u e d f r om p a g e 2 )
e ntails w otkin g , wi t h t h e t h r e e Ind ia�
(
H ousing A�t h o ri t i e s .
I e n j oy w orking
On S unday our gue s t s a t t e n d e d t he
w i t h them and it w ould be v e ry dif fi = � t
ere
In t h e a f t e rn o on t h
S unday Mas s .
t o leave .
H ow e v e r , I have r e c e iv e d �n
w a s a s e s s i on o f p ing-p ong a n d a
o f f e r wh i c h I aw c ons i d e r in g whi c h
b as ke t b all g _me at S puds yard in t he
w ou ld e nab le m e t o e n t e r pr ivate
Ev e ry one daid
mi d d le o f t he s t orm .
I ha v e n o t made any d e c is j �
pra c t i c e .
b o o d -b y e a t ab out f our on S u nday
ye t .
B u t in an:,- cc: se I .fOu ld n o t plt'
a f t e rn o o n .
t o leave f o r at l e c:. s t an o t he r year . "
h
T h e purp o s e f or t h i s ge t t o g e t e r
(Ed . n o t e :
C o ngrntula t i o n s , h on ! )
�(11)
HAr .� IND IANS HAlIED :_.y : A TE S PP..E S IDENT
At a January
Dr .
mi s s ion ,
2 2nd d inner me e t ing o f
H.
Thomas
P-eyno l d s ,
the Andro s cogg in Va l l ey heg ional Com
pre s id e n t of : at e s Co l l ege ,
remarks t h e fo l lowing connne n t s about Maine
Auburn Sun o f the
tnd ians ,
2 3rd :
1 1D igr e s s i ng for a momen t , Dr . Reyno lds
i an s ,
included in h i s
a s repor ted b y the Lewi s t on
an ex i s t ing cu l ture wi t h in
the
s pol�e of
the p l ight
of Haine ' s
Ind
I t wou l d n o t � e expen
sma l l numb e r o f Ind i an s t ha t wou ld
s t a t e ' s cul ture .
s ive for Maine
to provide a program for its
· :nour i sh a fore ign cul tu'i'."e wi thin
ur s t a t e . ;
There i s n ' t r e a l ly much tha t i s Ind i an in Maine ' s
for the I nd i an name s .
c an s mu s t l e arn to
this
sma l l al ien cu l ture ,
S.
he s a id ,
Dr . Reyno ld s
ex c e p t
and Amer i
l ive w i th o t her cu l ture s and no t j u s t d e s troy them .
Na ine canno t appropr i a t e a few thou s and do l l ar s
U.
cul tur e ,
Uie R e d Man i s a n exampl e o f ano ther cu l ture ,
If
to d o s ome thing drama t i c for
s a id he doe s no t then b e l ieve
that the
l e arn to get a l ong w i th o ther cul tur e s which have d i fferent va l ue s
can ever
Any p l ann ing mus t inc lud e cons i d e r a t ion o f d i f fPren t cu l t ure s ,
t han our o\vn .
he ad ded . 1 1
HICI{EL HAI·ID S PARTLY TIED
tla l t e r J .
Hi cke l ,
r e c e n t l y - conf irme d S e c r e t ary of
Int e r ior und er
the
Pre s ide n t Nixo n , n i l l oper a te the In ter ior l) e par tment with Congre s s looking
over his
shou l d e r ".
the kind of
it won ' t ex a c t ly be
Pre s id e n t Nixon has t e en t a lkin g ab ou t .
con f irma t ion , Hi c ' e l has commi t t e d hims e l f to che ck
The re l a t ionship w i l l b e c l o s e but
1 1 (-:>ge thern e s s · ;
In order to win h i s
every ma j or d e c i s ion in advance w i th the S en a t e In ter ior Commi t t ee .
he promi s ed
a l low the
to r e t a i
the ex i s t ing l and
9 l s t Congr e s s
t io n h e ar ing ,
many
fre e z e in A l a s ka for
to a d j ud i c a t e na t ive
l and c l a ims .
f e ar e d Hicke l wou ld wipe out
the order
b 1 t 5 on , which had b e e n ini t i a t e d b y h i s prede ce s s or ,
e ad er s o f � D r ew Pear s o n ' s D e cemb er
w i l l be
che e r e d to
i
2 7 th
two year s
B e fore h i s
In add i t ion ,
to
con f irma
free z ing land d i s tr i
S t ewar t Ud al l .
·Tash ing t on Merry-Go -Round 1 ;
c o l umn
l e arn that Hi cke l canno t a c t uni la t era l ly in thi s mat ter .
The c o lumn de.e cr ioed how Hi c!<.e l ,
as Governor
of A l a ska ,
a l l eg e d l y cracke d - d own
on an E skimo f i shing coopera t ive at Ku skokuin , ·where he u s e d s t a t e p o l ic e and
s ta t e o f f i c i a l s
free z er s h i p .
A c c or d ing
to p-reve n t
Pear son ,
to
had b een ne t ting around
a t ive w i th
the co-op
the he l p o f
$ 500
the
sa lmon c a t c h to a Japane s e
s tory be gan in 1 9 6 7 , when A l a skan E s k imo s , who
a year from the ir
s a l mon catch ,
Of f ic e of E conomic Oppor tun i ty ,
Commun i t y Ac tion Agency and
F ir s t
the
from s e l l ing i t s
the Ala ska Legal
organ i z e d a cooper
the A l a s ka S ta te
Servi ce s , whi ch works for OEO .
they bu i l t a smal l c o l d s t orage p l an t a t B e the l , whe re the ir f i s h
could b e
s to r e d to b e marke ted a t higher pr i ce s l a t e r in s t ead o f s e l l ing innne d i
a t e ly .
Th e co ld
So
s torage p l an t my s t e r iou s ly bu;:-ned down .
t h i s y e ar ,
the E skimo s s igne d a j o i n t con t r a c t with a Japane s e f irm
for pur cha s e o f t he e n t ir e c a t ch of t he ��u s ko'mim E skimo s at a p r i c e which was
doub l e tha t pr ev i.n s l y paid the E s kimo s b y S e a t t l e midd lemen .
nut when the Japa ne s e
H icl�e l r e a c ted a s
nor ing the f a c t
t
Toky o ,
sell
the
i f h e uere
sh i.p arr ived to p i c1• up the c a t c h ,
faced
1 i t h ano ther Pear l Harbor .
Pear s on s ay s
Comp l e t e l y ig
tha t h i s own Anchorage rJatural G a s Company s e l l s
he s e emed to think i t was again s t
f i s h to Japan .
l i quid gas
the l aw for E skimo fi shermen t o
�y a v ar i e ty o f mean s , n o n e o f them too c l ear , he b rough t
Japan e s e r e pr e s en t a t iv e s around
to h i s
informed t ha t no f i s h would b e �ough t .
1ay of
t hinking ,
and
the E skimo s were
As a f in a l irony , Pear son no t e s tha t Hi cke l wi l l be r e s pons ib le ( a s Secre
the In t e r ior ) f nr admin i s t er ing $ 1 , 700 , 000 vo t e d l a s t weel� by Congr e s s
t ary of
t o a id A l a skan n a t ive
f i s hermen ,
inc lud ing
$ 68 3 , 000
for
'we l fare a s s i s tan ce
A l a skan nat iv e s a f f e c t e d b y a t r ag i c drop in the ca t ch o f f i s h i :
l a s t summer .
to
�(12)
CHEROIIBE
CRAF T llii1 8
Phe nomenal i s t h e word wh i ch b e s t d e s cr i� e s the growth o f Oua l la Ar t s
and Cra f t s Mu tua l , In c . , dur ing the las t two decade s .
S ta r t ing in 1 94 6 a s
t he Ar t s and Cra f t s Cooperat ive A s s o c i a t ion o f t h e E a s tern Land o f Chero�ee
Ind ians , it is today re cogn i zed as one o f the ou t s tand ing Ind ian Ar t s and
Craf t s organ i z a t ions in the Un i ted S t a t e s .
Owned and oper a t ed by the Cherokee Ind i an Cra f t smen o f the Qua l la r e s e r
va tion , Cherokee , H . C . , i t was founded to en courage the deve lopmen t , produc t ion
and marke t in g of the many un i que and authen t i c Ind ian craf t s produced on the ir
r e s er va t ion .
Qua l l a Ar t s and Craf t s Mu tual has b een , and cont inues to b e , an impor t an t
s our ce o f supp l emen tal income for t h e 2 0 8 memb e r s and the ir fami l i e s , and
many d e pe nd a lmo s t en t ire ly n the s a l e o f their cra f t s as a sour ce o f income
dur hig the winter mon th s .
\lhen a memb er s e l l s his hand i cra f t s to Qua l l a , this payment repre s en t s
A s emi
o n ly a par t o f t h e t o tal t enef i t s o f memb e r s hip i n the organizat ion .
annua l d iv J d end o f 5% i s aut oma t i ca l ly paid to t he member on the cra f t s tha t
he s e l l s .
Each year the pro f i t s tha t Qua l l a mal�e s are d ivided among the
member s on a p er cen t -o f - sa le s b as i s .
F � r examp l e , i f a memb er s o ld a cra f t i tem to Cua l l a in 1 9 5 7 for $ 1 . 00 ,
he received an ad d i t j o n a l d ividend o f 5% , p lus an e qu i ty cred i t o f ano ther 4 5% .
As a fur ther examp le o f i t s va lue t o the Cherokee commun ity , the top producer
ot the organ i za t ion in 1 9 6 7 s o ld $ 3 , 704 . 34 t o Qua l la .
The 5% d ividend totaled
$ 185 . 2 2 with an e qu i ty cred i t o f $ 1 , 6 75 . 9 5 be ing received b y thi s producer .
E qu i ty paynte.n t s , which in recen t year s have been sub s tanial , are paid
a s the Ex e c \ ! t ive Courud. t tee o f the organ izat ion fee l s i t i s f inan c i a l ly ab le .
Qua l l a Ar t s and Cr a f t s Mu tua l own the ir present build ing which wa s
cons truc ted in 1 9 6 1 at a co s t o f $ 50 , 000 .
$ 3 0 , 000 of this amoun t wa s borrowed
In
from the Cherokee Tri L a l Counc i l to be paid b a c!� over a 24 year period .
Novemher of 1 9 68 , Qual la l iquidated this ob l igat ion , t aking only 7 of the 24
v e a r s t o reach this go al .
The b r igh t e s t p i c ture in Qua l l a ' s his tory is the ir a c t ivit ie s f r 1 9 6 8 .
S a l e s s how an incre a s e o f approx i ma t e ly 2 5% over the previous year .
The
future o f Qua l la Ar t s and Cr a f t s Mutual , Inc . , con t inue s to ho ld much promi s e .
There are many ou t s tand ing craf t peop le produ c ing basl e t s , wood carving , p o t t ery ,
b e adwork , s cu l p ture , b o th wood and s t one , weaving and me t a l work.
(From a s ervice new s l e t t e r o f the Ind ian Ar t s and Cra f t s oard 1 1 2 / 30 / 6 8 }
S te phen M . Ri chmond , F i e ld Repre senta t ive , P . o . E ox 2 9 2 , Che ro!�e e , N . C . 28 7 1 9 )
GPANT-IN-AID
TO
S TATE
HUSEUM
The Baine, S ta t e Commi s s ion on the Ar t s and the Human i t i e s has announc ed
3 s e par ate gran t s to the Maine S tate Mu s eum ' s r e s earch s t a f f .
Two of the s e
were awarded to a l l ow t h e Mu s eum s ta f f to und er t ake t he f o l lowing pro j e c t s :
1 ) to d e termine and r e cord the na ture and l o c a t ion of Maine Ind ian ar t ifac t s
he ld i n mu s eum co l l e c t io n s i n nor the a s tern Uni te d S ta te s and eas tern Canada ;
2 ) to eva luate the ar chaeo l og i c a l po t en t i a l of three preh i s toric Ind ian camp
ground s and / or Lur i a l s i te s .
The 3 mu s e um gran t s tog�tbar t o t a l �d $ 98 0 .
La s t summe r , s taff memb e r s of the S ta t e Mu s eum v i s i t ed the 2 Pa s s amaquoddy
Re s erva t ion s and d i s cu s s ed w i th tr iba l o f f i c i a l s the p o s s ib i li ti e � of future
t r ib a l mus eum con s tru c tion on the r e s erva tion s .
The s e ar ch for exi s t ing co l
l e c t ions � f Ind ian ar t s and craf t s i tems i s a r e s u l t o f t he s e v i s i t s .
A l at er
Af..
1Y. ONE KNCY.HNG OF PUBLIC
v i s i t to t he Penob s co t Res erva t ion i s a l s o p l anned .
lA
OR PRIVATE C O LLE C TI OH S OF !v" INE INDIAN ARTIFAGTS I S URGED TO COHTAC T THE �
I t i s known
LE TTER , who w i l l p a s s the informa t ion a l ong to museum off i c ia l s .
t ha t in the ear ly d ay s o f . t hi s cen tury , privat e co l le c t or s bought many phice l e s s
The s e should be located , for triba l d i s p l ay : u s e .
he i r l ooms from Maine Ind ians .
�(13)
MORE OF 1-'lA S SACHUSE TTS
(See
January News l e t ter ,
Fo l l owing i s t h e t ex t o f a b i l l
j us t
Hou s e o f Repre s en t a t ive b y Rep . : Jahn F .
13-14)
Pag e s
in troduced i n t o the Ma s s a chu s e t t s
D o l an , R - Ipswich :
THE COMMONWEALTH OF MA S SACHUSE TTS
HOUSE
!O .
RE S OLVE PROVID I G F OR A l
INVE S TIGATION AND
2096
S TUDY :rY A S PE C IAL C Oit1MI ::; S I ON RELA TIVE
TO E S TAB LIS HING A BUP..EAU OF IND IAN AFFAIRS Fm THE C 011MON·1EALTH .
Re s o lve d ,
the s e nate ,
That
app o in te d b y t he
governor ,
an unp a i d s p e c i a l
commi s s ion to
con s i s t o f one memb er o f
tv10 memb e r s o f t he hou s e o f r e pr e s en t a tive s ,
a t t orney -genera l , a n d thr e e member s
t hree memb er s
t o b e appo in ted b y
two of whom s ha l l be memb e r s o f an a c t ive Indian
w i thin the Commonweal t h ,
is he reby e s t ab l i s hed
inve s r. igat ion and s tudy r e l a t ive
for the Commonweal th .
t o be
the
t r ib e or group
for the purpo s e of making an
to e s tab l i s hing a bur e au o f Ind ian Affairs
S aid colilllli s s i on s ha l l con s ider and rev iew a l l pr i or enac tmen t s
of
the
G e n eral La� s and a l s o of s pe c i a l a c t s re l a t ive t o e ar l ier gran t s t o and r i gh t s
o f Ind i ans w i thin the Commom� e a l t h i n c lud ing a l s o any l eg i s la t ive enac tmen t s
in r e l a t io n t o former t r ib e s r e s i de n t wi thin the Commonwe a l th pr ior to t he e s t ah
l i s hemsn t of
the s t a t e o f 1' ine .
la
S a i d commi s s io n sha l l a l s o inve s t iga te and
s tudy
the pr e s en t d ay n e e d s
a n d cond i t ions ex i s t ing amon g s t t h e Ind ian s , a n d submi t s u c h r e connne nd a t io n s
as
they d e em su f f i c i e n t
to e s t ab l i s h and ma in t a in a bureau o f Ind ian A f f a ir s
for t he Connno \t'\i e a l th Yhi c h wi l l b e t ter s erve the Ind ians in the ir fu ture r e l a t i o n s
w i t h in the Commonwe a l th .
S a id coliiilli. s s io n may trave l ou t s ide the Conmlonuea l th , and may con s u l t wi th
any or a l l s t at e , feder al or pr iva te agen c ie s ·uh i ch may be engaged in r e l a t e d
programs i n b e hal f o f Ind i a n s gener a l ly .
S a id memb er s
a t tendan c e a t
of
the
m e e t i ng s
the purpo s e s o f this
commi s s ion s ha l l be re imbur s ed
a n d hearing s , a n d for expens e s
s tudy ,
in
in t e r im r e p o r t s
c l erk of
ber
to
the gene r a l cour t
and i t s r e connne nd a t io n s ,
leg i s la t i on ne ce s s ary t o c arry
s ame
t ime s p e n t i n
trave l for
inve s t i g a t ion and s tudy .
Said commi s s ion sha l l repor t
t i g a t ion and
for
in curre d in
i f any ,
the re s ul t s
of i t s inve s
toge ther with d r a f t s o f
i t s re commenda t ion s i n t o e f f e c t , by f i l ing the ·
from t ime
to
t ime ,
t he Hou s e of Repre s en t a t ive s on o
bu t w i th a fina l repor � w i th the
be fore
the f ir s t � edne s d ay of D e cem
of n in e t e en hundr e d and s eventy -one .
SPBCIJJ., .-,· E. AGE 01 HlJii
by Gov . Kennet h � : .
(Following
fossage on
1969 .
REWURCES
Curt i s
e
i s thP t po rtion p ertaining to Ind i ? ns o f Governor Curt i s ' " Sp ci � l
Human Re sour ce s , 11 deliv ered to the 104th Legi slature on Februa ry 4,
In <:. lat er 11 Spe c i al
on Edu c a t i o n 1 1 the Governor will d is cuss pro
i·-essage
gram.s t o :iJ prove the quaJi ty o f Indian e du c c: tion
. - Ed . )
ve
The Penobs co t a nd Pa s s amaquoddy Indian Tri be s h
ju stifi able pride in
They a re , as an expres sion of t hi s pri de ,
�e
their c a pa ci ty fo r s lf-go vern. nt .
continuaJJ_y SA�k ing to improve the quality of their government opera tions .
I
support th ei r prop0 sal to pla c e tribal po lic e o ffic e r s under the s tat e personn 1
law , wi th it s
ployee b ene fit s a nd pro te ction .
�'uch
a
cha nge \\IOuld enable the
re servat.i on s to empl >y pi. ifi e<i tribal members for th e s e important po s itions .
To in cr0as� the fl exfl::ril i.. ty
f ad1i1 i ni s �.rat.i u_, the Tribe s pro po s e l egi slati
o
( f'..o ut.i nn�d
on
Page 14 )
n
�(14 )
(
13 )
Continued frorn Pag
allowing the tribtl governor of each rcs1;:;rva ti n, wi t h the a.dvice and consent
of the t ribal counci l s , to " appoint p e r so n s to su ch po 3i tions as tribal c u s to d ·
tribal maintenanc a.-nan and other s p e c i al offi cers not clsewher · spe ci fi ed . "
I
support th i s measure .
Th e Penob s co t s , now rec uir ed to hold their ele c tions for gove rno r ,
)
an ,
( lieu
t enant governor , legi sla tive rep resent ative c..nd tribal council every two
ye a r s , propo s e change s c:i.llowi!l{s four y r r ter
rns f r the governor and tribal
oo un c il 1 emb er s , wi t h the co un cil
enbers h c>ving stagg0red terms to insure that
there are always some exp ri enc ed counci
uei .
Th i s is parti a lly
e rs on hand .
in erro r - the.; · propo sed ch ang e s e.llow
ar sta.gge rC:;d terus fo r trib .:d co unc il
manb e rs but r etain 2-ye ar t e rrus for th governor and li eutenant go verno r , as was
l
4-Y
r e que st ed b y the tribal co unci l .
-
(
b
Ed. )
I endo r s e thi s pro pos al .
The p re sent
syst em , pennit ting frequent, who le s al e changes in t;overnm.e nt administration,
may se riously t hr e at e n pro t:,raIIl oo nt inuity
.
In the area o f e conomic . � nagemcnt , the Pass amaquo ddie s pro po se changing
the law on for e stry income from Indi c.n To wn s ip
The p r e sent law requi res
th a t
h
all
.
the s al e o f tim.ber must be pl aced in the Pa.ss amaquoddy
pro c eeds fro1
sum equal to
that used previously from the trust furrl s to
build hou sing h a s b een replaced .
Given the pr esent lev�l of income from the
trust fund s t.ntil
a
will
timb er sale s , it
be 7 or a ye a rs befo re the sum i s wholly replaced and proc e e d s are rele as ed fo r g ene ral reservation �uprovement s .
The Pas samtiquo ddi e s
feel th.i s arrang ement i s t o restri ctiv , and I agree .
Th e law should b e
chunged t o allow transui ttal of
40%
o f th
n e t fo re stry income f r orµ th e fiscal
yec:.. r to a c co unt s of th e Indi an Township Tri bal Counc il e.nd th
Ple a sant Point
Tribal Co unc il fo r use s the Counc ils deem appropri ate .
The r ana.:ini ng 20% of
th e annual net income w: m ld be r eturned to the trust
.
Under th i s arrange
fund
ment th e t ru s t fund v.ould still bt: repleni shed , though at a late r dat e , wh ile
the Trib e s woul� have mon y ava ilable fo r special pro j e c t s , inv estme nt s or
emer genc ie s .
Other change s
nc
de trib al ap pro v al of the management of the
Town s hip
int e r e st
.
and
(
fo r th e
- Ed . )
ad d iti o n
i
lu
to the pri nci pal of the tru s t fu nd of the
annual
I have al so re commende d an extensive c apital improvanents program fo r the
and
At Indi an Is
Indian Township
nd, Pet er Dana Point
Ple asent Point Res e rvatio ns th e re wo uld be o::> nstru ction of indoor 2nd outdoor
)
(
la
Indian Re s e rvations .
re cr e a t ion faci lities and t h& extensio n of water and sewage facilitie s to accomAt th e Pd n e e - on Strip ( Indi an
o 1·mship
water
( Initi a l s
and s e wag e facilit i e s would be extended .
ta t on co nstr c t ion
o date new housing pro j e ct s .
ani
i
T
)
.fUnds fo r t he Strip were included in last June t s approved bond i s sue . - Ed .
At Plea sant Point four new cl as s rooms v.o uld b e constructed,
Point , one .
be ii1et .
The s e pro ,j e cts
all
r e spond to basi c ,
)
and at Peter Dana
compel ling needs whi ch must
JNPORTANT HAGAZINE AV ILABLE
1968,
i s entitled
A spe cial Indian i s sue o f YOUTH magazine, d ated Septemb er 22,
THE Il�DIAN .
It i s strongly r e cormnended to all tho se int erested in Indi ans,
Indian affa ir s and part i cula rly in Ind i a n youth .
Amply illustrated, the sp e ci l" 1
Views of Ind- an
Re servations ,
Life on
i ssue inc lu:i e s the followl ng art i cle s :
Two
Youth ,
C artoo nists
Look a.t Indian s ,
Indi ans in the Inner City, Understanding
Indian Cultur e , Map s : Ind ians in th e U . s . and Canada, Bibliography, Young Indian
Art i st s , F i c ti on : Girl With Seven Names , S atir e : Solutions to the Indian Probl6rn,
Own
·
Land, Photo Ess ay : The Indian Now.
The s pe ci a l i ssu e is available from th e Unit ed Church Bo ard fo r Home l nd
iVrl. s si o nari es , Divi sion of Public a tion, 1505 Race Stree t , Philad elphi a, Pa . 19102,
or more copi e s .
each fo r
copi e s , and at
to
e a ch for from
at
Alien
50¢
in His
1
9
30¢
10
�(15)
IIID IA 1 MI : G -; Ac:.:.s iTO-l-VIOLEI1T FO:�l'I OF : .r_7;; )�, pa.-mn_; i
by Enid Hemy
l�T YORK -
Thoma s ine !.'.u t h Hi l l , an ar t i c u l a t e and ex t raord ina1· i l y digni
is t he a nt i t he s i s o f mo s t c o n t e s t
winner s w i t h a nMi s s 1 • b e fore t h e i r name s .
Th e curren t Mi s s Indi an Amer i � a , now i n iiew York a s par t o f her y e a r - l ong
t our of the coun try , w e ar s no make up ( " I think i t ' s superfic i a l and a b i t s i:eaky
the ind ividua l i s hiding b ehi nd s ome thin g . 1 1 ) , l ike s mo dern c l o t he s C ' a· ove t he
l nee
ut no t t o t he hip ; 1 ) b u t pre fe r s to d i s c u s s Ind i an g o a l s and : = red power · : ·
: • r do think there i s an
' ' I ' m a lways a s l ed ao out red p ow er , 1 • s h e s aid .
f i ed 21 -ye a r •o ld from Crow Agency , Mon t . ,
..
•
awaken in g among Ind i an youth to become more invo lv ed , 'L u t there i s a good s id e
I f e e l t h a t Ind ians wou ld n o t r e s o r t to v i o l e n ce t o
t o power and a b ad s i de .
a c h i eve the ir g o a l s .
r :e • ve l e arne d from pa s t h i s tory tha t i t doe s n ' t p a y o ff . "
r : Pe o p l e l oo!�
Hi s s Hi l l i s a fu 1 1 -iJ loodec1 and very l ight - s kinned Ind ian .
at me and s ay ' You aren 1 t r e d , 1 i : sh e connne nted .
" I ask them , ' D o I have t o
be?
I
II
she i s the gr and d a ugh t e r
the Skid ee c l a n of the Pawnee t r ic e and Chie f
S e e s -:Ji th - Hi s -Ear s of t h e "" lack L o d g e of the Crow t r ib e .
: : I s p e ak very l i t t l e
o f e i ther d ia l e c t , '. ' s h e s a id .
: ; The only language my mo ther and f a ther cou ld
of
Th e daugh ter o f a Crou father and a Pawnee mo ther ,
b o c hie f s
- Chi e f t i g B e ar of
c ommun i c a t e in was Eng l i s h . : :
Her command and u s e o f the Eng l i sh language w a s one of t he reasons she won
t itle .
She wa s crmmed, w i t h a headdre s s of porcupine qu i l l s , at the l S th
annu a l Ii s s Ind i an Ame r i ca h e l d l a s t Augu s t in Sh er id a n , �-!yo .
There were
'
36 o t her con te s t an t s , r epr e s en t in g the Uni te d S t a t e s and Canad a .
1 1 I t s no t
a _beauty con te s t , : : she s a i d .
: •And i ' s no t on a comme r c i a l b a s i s . : :
Jud g ing , by a
ane l o f f ive non - Indian s , is made on a b a s i s o f poi s e ,
s cho l a s t i c ab i l i ty , in tere s t in and d e d i c a t io n to the I n d i an peop l e , and modern
and t rad i t io n a l t a l en t s .
She addr e s s ed
l li s s Hi l l ' s modern tal en t was spe e ch .
11
the g ather ing on 1 · The Amer i c an Cha l lenge is the Amer i c an Ind i an 1 s Fut ur e .
1 . The I nd i an need s t o und er s tand h ims e l f and t he par t h e c an p l ay i n s o c i e ty
w i t hout l o s ing h i s iden ti ty , : · she s aid .
; .;Je s end t hem to the c l ean Her trad i i on a l t a len t -.;- a s clean in g bucks!-: in .
e r n nowari a y s , n she admi t t ed .
•:ru t I c an do i t the o l d way , u s ing two s t ones . ; :
A c o mpac t 5 f e e t 3� inch e s and l l G pound s , Mi s s Hi l l rar e ly wears tr ad i t ion
her
al dre s s .
She ha s two t h a t she u s e s on o f f i c ia l o c c a s ions .
One i s ' uckskin ,
made from four d ee r k i l l ed by her fa t h e r and bro ther , d e s ign ed by her s i s t er
and s e'\'m by a n o the r s i s t er and her s e l f .
de cora ted .�.wlth l e lks 1 t e e th
A s e cond ,
( " The e lk s ymbo l i z e s a b r av e an ima l ; 1 ) was mad e b y a re l a t i ve .
Mi s s Hi l l , one of nine c h i l d re n , was born in Lawrence , Kan . , and l iv e d
on r e s er va t i o n s i n nor th Dako t a and Non t ana b e fore r e s id ing a t Crow Agency ,
uher e her f a ther i s a r e a l e s t a t e s p e c i a l i s t .
Her i n tere s t in trav e l snd
me e t in g p e op le of d i f f er e n t cu l t ure s b egan even b e fore s he en tered co l lege .
She
s p e n t t:uo years w i t h the
'Up i i t h Peo p l e : program b efore her f ir s t year at
E a s t ern Ho n t an a Co l l ege in L·i l l ing s .
She i s nou on a y e ar ' s s ab b a t i c a l and
p lan s to r e s ume her s tud i e s , ma j or ing in po l i t ic a l s cience , at trown Univers i ty ,
wher e she has b e en o f fered a s cho larship .
Mi s s Hi l l hop e s to u s e t h i s y e ar to fu-r l her a numb e r o f g oa l s f or Ind ian s .
She i s acc omp an ied on her t r i p Ly Mrs . Sus i e Y e l l ow Tai l , a memb e r o f the Crow
t r i b e from � y o l a , Mon t . , who ha s been a s s o c ia t e d w i t h the con te s t s in c e i t s
e ar l i e s t days .
(Fr om
-t h.,. f,a�.9.!_ D a i l
S te phen Hi t c he l l ,
_
a Penob s co t
l!ews , 2/ 6 / 6 ' )
D ID YOU KHO':·T TIIAT
s e n ior at Hu s s on Co l lege , was the s o l o i s t a t
Hu s s on 1 s r e cen t wi n t e r gra.r h 1a t i on .
$ t eve w :i 1 l h e d o ing h i s pra c t i ce t e a c hing .
t h i s spr ing - hi s ma j or i s l.iu s i nE> s n Ed u:· � H on .
�/
/
(16)
LEG I S LA TIVE NEHG
COM11I TTE:!'i.: OF IlK}UffiY APPOII!TED
The j o i n t Sena t e - Hou s e Commi t te e of Inquiry , ca l l ed for in a Jo in t Ord er
a s t h e re s u l t o f the curr ent ha s s le ov e r the D e par tme n t of Ind i an Affair 8 '
appropr i a t i o n s and admin i s tra t ion ( S e e January Pew s l e t ter , page s 1 8 - 2 0 ) has
l ee n name d .
Cho s en by Sena t e
Augu s t a )
D avid
and
S en .
Pr e s id e n t �enn e t h McLeod were e e n .
Carl ton D ay
7enne dy w ere P.e p .
Perham ) ,
"' e p .
Kenne th A .
F i l l iam E .
a t ive A lb e r t Dana and
.. e e d ,
Denn e t t
Jr .
(D -
Mi l l s
(D -E a s tpo r t ) ,
(R-Ki t tery ) ,
D e nne t t D .
Ka t z
(R
i.!amed by Hou s e Spea �er
ro o hJ' i c h ) .
r�e p .
Haro ld t ragdon
(P
,
Pa s s amaquoddy Le g i s l a t ive r.e pre s � t
Penob s c o t Leg i s l a t ive R e pre s e n t a t ive
John De l s on .
The t ews l e t ter und er s t and s that S ena tor rreed has L e e n named cha irman o f
t he Commi t�--O f Inqu iry .
Repre s en t a t ive bragdon i s a memb er of the Le g i s la t ive
Appropr i a t io n s Commi t t e e .
� epre s e n t a t ive D enne t t i s a member o f the S ta t e
Governme n t CODIDi t tee (where many Ind i an b i l l s a r e
e ing r e ferred t h i s se s s ion )
and
l a s t y e ar wa s a memb e r of
rre pre s e n t a t ive Mi l l s '
The
Jo i n t Ord e r
HWHEREAS ,
t he
d i s tr i c t
Ind ian A f fa ir s Commi t t e e of
i n c l ud e s b o th
ca l l ing for the Commi t te e of
the D e par tme n t of
' t he du t ie s
t he ir educ a t i on '
and was
1 cr e a t e d
superv i s ion over the Ind i an Tr ib e s ; '
�.Jl-IEREAS ,
t he d e p ar tme n t
is
appo i n t e d
and
and
to
s tud y
t he
superv i s ion ,
l arge ly
s t aff ;
now ,
there fore ,
be i t
that a Commi t te e o f I n qu iry be
Lhe admi n i s t r a t ion of Ind ian a f f a ir s a s pre s ent ly
t r i t:. a l o f f i c i a l s ,
and
to re port
to t h e 1 01:. t h Le g i s l a ture
t o the ab ove -me n t ioned d i f f i cu l ty ;
ORDERED ,
tha t s a id Commi t t e e
Hou s e appo in t e d b y
the
tha t
Appropr i a t ion the
The order wa s
s ha l l c on s i s t of
2 memb e r s o f the
the Pre s id e n t o f the S e na te and 3 memL e r s o f the
the S p e aker o f
two Tr ib a l Repre s e n t a t iv e s
Or
J)EP.ED ,
there
is
the Hou s e o f Repre s e n ta t ive s apd
at
t he Leg i s latur e ;
and be
it
sum of $ 2 00 t o carry out
the purpo s e s
of
this order . ' ·
the Commi t t e e of Inqu iry .
D.
fa t z o f Augu s t a i n t o
The Maine
Time s e d i t o r i a l i zed on January 3 1 s t :
t he
s our ce s o f
in a f a ir -mind ed mann e r ,
of
has
_ enne t t
I t promi se s , perhap s ,
i s he ar t i ly we l c omed .
r a t her
than
try ing
to
looked at
f inger a s c apego a t
s quare ly and
for b e heading . ' :
:Ca t z , who ha s a we l l - e arned repu t a t ion f or b e ing
s po n s or e d an order ca l l in g for an i n quiry in to t he prob lems
t he young d e p ar tmen t , wh i ch . s inc e i t s b ir th in
and b ad l y und e r - f und e d .
curr e n t f in an c i a l
serve
1 1 The entran ce of S e n .
the d epar tmen t ' s wo e s w i l l be
: ; S en a t e Ma j or i ty L e ad e r
f a i r -minde d ,
to
s en s e l e s s con trover s y now swir l ing around Maine ' s
D e par tment o f Ind i an A f f a i r s
the r e a l
fur t her
appropr i a t e d from the Leg i s l a t ive
s po n s or e d by S e n a t or Ka t z , who was sub s e quen t ly named
on
tha t
and
i t fur ther
S e n a t e appo i n t e d by
of
s a id
as a sma l l d e par tment wi th
through con su l t a t ion wi th appropr i a t e s ta t e agen c i e s
i t s re commen d a t i o n s r e l a t ing
be
s erv i ce s ,
the Hou s e con curr ing ,
c arr i e d out ,
to Ind ians ,
exp er ienc ing incr e a s ing d i f f i cu l t y
s in g l e appropr i a t ion and l imi t e d
ORDEP..E D ,
fo l l ous :
to exer c i s e g e neral
in per forming s a i d d u t ie s a n d exer c i s ing
involv ing hea l th and we l fare
r e ad s as
and power s her e to fore
the Commi s s ioner o f He a l t h and He l fare re l a t ing
exc e p t
a
Inauiry ,
Ind ian A f f a ir s e � t a· l i s hed by the
·
1 0 2nd Le g i s l a t ure was as s igned
g iven
the Le g i s l a ture .
Pa s s ama quoddy Re s e rv a t ion s .
the
troub l e s
The s e f a c tor s are a t
•
•
•
•
:i
1965
]la s b ee n und e r - s t a ffed
the he ar t o f thd d epar tment ' s
D ID YOU KNO'H THAT
Ind ians had turkey s b e fore
s ou thwe s t ,
mu s t
!hanl s g iv in g ?
In c l i f f dwe l ler
archaeo log i s t s have b ound b u i l t
have b e en a turkey pen .
tur ke y b on e s ,
Droppings
have b e e n found in
" apar tment s = =
in the
in to many dwe l l ings a s truc ture tha t
and
the s e p e n s .
f e a thers
from turkey s ,
as we l l as
I
�(17)
LEG I S LA TIVE HEPS
HOU S !HG AUTH02.ITIES PRE SENT BUDGE T REOUE S ""S
In a hi s t o r i c " f ir s t : : o f tr ib a l s e l f -government
in
toc!ay ' s s o c i e t y ,
3 Tr ib a l Reu s ing Au thor i t ie s pr e s en t ed their budge t r e que s t s
Leg i s la ture a t a pub l i c hear ing on February 5 t h ,
to
the
the
1 04 t h
be fore t h e Appropr i a t i o n s
Commi t t e e in Augus ta .
nepr e s e n t a t ive s
for their r e que s t s
of
the 3 Author i t i e s exp l a ined to
the
for ma in tenanc e and oper a t iona l co s t s of
commi t t e e t he b a s i s
the
s ewag e and
water fac i l i t ie s whi ch w i l l be cons tru c t ed on the 3 R e s erva t ions dur ing the
coming mon ths .
Each Au thority is re que s t ing funds to hire a ful l - t ime ma i n t e n •
ance man ,
fun ds
to pur cha s e t he n e c e s sary too l s and e quipmen t f o r the s e men ,
fund s t o provide for the annua l oper at ion o f the s ewage and water t r e a tment
p l ant s , and 1/3 the c o s t o f t he s a l ary of a ful l - t ime foreman for the 3 Re s erva �
t ion � ' f ac i l i t ie s .
The amoun t s r e que s t e d
Au thor i ty -
$ 20 , 6 1 9 ;
Hou s ing Au tho r i ty
-
for
the
b iennium are :
1969-1971
P l e a s an t Po in t Hous ing Au tho r i ty -
$ 26 y �06 .
t he i n i t i a l s cr een ing of
(last
summer )
t r e a tme n t p lant ,
the S ta te Budge t Of f i ce w i thout change ;
to t he
Sew a l l Co .
fac i l i t ie s
re que s t e d .
t he Penob s co t
b e caus e o f the i n i t i a l
a
sewage
the s ervice s of a ful l - t ime
Penob s co t Au thor i t y V i c e - Cha irman Ma t t hew Sappier exp l a ined
Counni t t e e that a re cen t engineer ing p l an comp le ted by
Appropr i a t 1ons
t he Jame s
$ 1L� , OL}4
tha t t h e Penob s c o t fa c i l i t i e s wou ld no t i n c lude
and hence wou ld not r e quire
ma in t en ance man .
Ind i an Town ship
All amoun t s ex c e p t tho s e f or Penob s co t p a s s ed
re que s t had· b e en reduced b y the Bud g e t Of f i ce t o
b e l ie f
Penob s co t Hou s ing
$ 21 , 1 7 1 ;
ind i c a t e d the de s ireab i l i ty o f inc lud ing sewage treatme n t
in t h e p lans ,
and r e que s ted a re turn to t h e h igher amount o r ig in a l ly
Pleasant Po in t Au thor i ty Chairman
a n d Indian Town s h i p Au tho r i ty memb er
t ive ) Alb e r t D ana
( and Tr ib a l Governo r ) Euge ne Fran c i s
( and Pa s s amaquoddy Leg i s la t ive Re pr e s en t a
te s t i f ied f or the ir Au thori t i e s ,
exp l aining tha t t h e c o s t
f igur e s were ob t a ined a f ter con sul ta t ion w i th the S ta t e
' ure au o f Pur chas e s ,
etc .
l o c a l water and s ewer d i s tr i c t s ,
Ind i a n Commi s s ione r Edward Hin ck l ey exp l a ined that th i s re pre s e n t e d
fir s t opportun i ty
the S t a t e had had
to make appr opr i a t ion s d ire c t ly
g r o u p s s in c e days o f h i s t o r i c t r e a t y paymen t s .
Hous ing law had been s p e c i f i cal ly d e s igned so
Tr ib a l Hou s ing Author i t i e s ,
for
a ppropr iated to the Au tho r i t ie s
F a ther Romeo S t .
!<enne th Mi l l s
ou t ho'\-1 t he
r.
H e out l inetl how t h e Maine Ind ian
tha t the fa c i l i t i e s b e long to the
and p o in ted ou t that b o th S ta t e and F e d e r a l fund s
a l r e ady ob t a ined or commi t ted
o f tha t Author i t y ,
Pierr e ,
the
- no t
con s tru c t i on of
the s e f a c i l i t i e s were
to his depar tmen t .
c hap l a in on t he Penob s c o t Re serva t ion and Secre t ary
a l s o t e s t i f i ed in favor of the budge t r e que s t s ,
(D -Ea s tpor t ) .
the
to t r i b a l
a s d id Rep .
R e pr e s en t a t ive Mi l l s took s p e c i a l pains
a s hing ton Coun ty phy s i c ian s were p l e a s e d at
pro gr e s s in impr ov ing s an i t a tary
coud i t ions
on
the
2 Re s erva t ions
the
to poin t
Pa s s amaquoddy ' s
in h i s d i s tr i c t ,
a s a me ans o f r e duc ing i l lne s s and the po s s ib i l i ty o f d i s e a s e among the Ind ians
and non - Ind i an s a l ike .
CHIEF ' S GOAL IS TO UNITE ALL IND IANS
SYP.ACU S E ,
N.Y.
(AP)
UJTO CONFEDERACY
- l o t s ince Dekanawida p l an t e d t he Tr e e o f Gre a t Peace
in the l and o f the Onond aga s f ive centur i e s ago has the on c e - powe r f u l ,
still
proud Iro quoi s Con feder acy a spired to gr e ater un i ty and advanceme n t for the
Amer i can Ind ian .
Ju s t
as
the
s o n of t he Huron maiden brought
und er 'Ihe Gr e a t E- inding Law ,
terms of 20- ,
from s e a to
pre s e n t -d ay Iro quoi s
S O - , or even J OO -na t i on
c
the f ive - now s ix - na t ions
leaders are t hinking in
ll federacy who s e
sea .
(Con t inued on Page
18)
l ongho u s e would s tr e t ch
�/
( 18)
/
(Cont inued from Page 1 7 )
Such a u9 Lon o f mo s t o f t he n a t ion ' s Ind ians face s a lmo s t in surmoun taL le
e thn i c , cu l t� a l , r e l ig ious and l ingu i s t ic barr iers tha t are s hored up by d i s
t ance and ne f e c t ions t o t h e whi te man ' s ways .
neve r t he l e s s , the pu l se of the
un i f i ca t ion movemen t beat s s txong on the Onond aga Ind ian �es erva tion near here .
The OnoDdagas are the f irekeeper s or head auar ters of t he confe deracy , and their
home was once the cap i t a l and seat of power in the Jew Hor ld , e a s t of t he
Mi s s i s s ippi .
The b e a t i s e s pe c i a l ly s tr ong in the heart of Leon Shenandoah , t he 5 3 y ear-o ld , s tee ly -eyed Onond agan who wa s in s ta l led December 7 th a s chief o f
the Iro quo i s , a p o s i t ion a luay s he ld b y a n Onond aga .
S henandoah , who s e Ind ian name , Ky -you-ha -ha-d e , ap t ly mean s "unf in i s hed
b u s ine s s , j, s p e ak s o f prophe c i e s handed down among t.re s t ern tr ib e s tha t fore te l l
" o f the ir ge t t in g he lp from , or mee t ing w i th , Eas t ern nations . '
Shenandoah
ha s announced p l ans for a mas s ive ga the r ing thi s summer of a l l t r ib e s in the
Hes t ern Hemi s phere to d i s cu s s : : the warn ing s igns of d i s a s t er . 1 1
I t ' s a mee t ing to d i s c u s s p lans for
"We ' re no t c a l l ing it a pow-wow .
un i t ing a l l of our peo p l e for ac t ion .
We have to p l an ahead for our future .
We have our own con s t i t u t ion . ·whi ch the o ther Ind ian nations don 1 t have .
They
are intere s te d .
There has b e e n pre l iminary d i s cu s s ion .
They may come into
the confederacy • 1 1
The chi e f s aid pre s en t ind i c a t ion s were tha t more than 100 nat ions or
ien t a t ive p l an s cal l
t r ib e s wou ld be repre sen ted at the mee t ing in Augus t .
for a four -d ay ga ther ing , beg inning Augu s t 1 6 th at the Seneca Ind ian Re s erva
t ion near Tonawanda in we s tern Pew York S t a t e and a four -day con c luding s e s s ion
at Onond aga .
The announcemen t o f t he ga thering . perhaps unpreceden ted in Ind ian
auu a l s , came dur ing the some t ime s heated d i spute be tween Mohawk Ind ian s and
the Canad ian government .
( S e e D e cember News l e t ter , Page s 1 0 , 1 2- 1 3 ; and
Jan.n nry He"t-�S 1� t ter , Pag e s 14- 1 5 . - Ed )
(l•'r om the Mai .E e__§��?.. Te legram , 2 / 1 6 / 6 9 )
Y_
•
A BRIEF EXPLANATIOl'� OF T HE PASSAMAQUODDY IIIDIAl! LA ND CASE
From t he o f fice of Don C . Ge l l er s , At torne y
by Franc i s co L . Olguin
I.
U!TRODUC TION
No one knows b e t ter than t he Pa s sama quoddy thems e lve s wha t the land case
mean s .
There i s more t han j u s t wha t t he cour t s may do .
I t invo lve s many
generat ions of in j u s t i c e s done to the Pa s s amaquoddy by the whit eman .
It a l so
invo lve s the g iv ing o f one ' s word to do cer tain thiR g s or act in a certain way ,
p lu s the exp e c t a t ion tha t the s e t hing s or a c t s wi l l be done .
The whi teman
for over one -hundred and f i f ty years has seen f i t to run over hi s oWn word s ,
s poken in the treaty o f 1 794 .
The whi teman value s the ide a of pr iva te property so much that they wr o te
in to t he ir l aws an inhere n t r ight - tha t i s , a r ight no one , no t even the
governme n t can t ake away from them - to fee l s e cure in-the enj oyme n t o f the ir
proper t y .
Thi s pro t e c t io'n i s in the ir con s t i tu t ion .
Today ; the Pa s s ama quodd y o ccupy b are l y 200 acre s o f the ir original
30 , 000 acr e s s e cured t o them by tr ea�, and this a f ter all the o ther l and whi ch
was the i r s wa s taken away from them .
Thi s s hort s ke t ch i s wr i t ten to brie f ly d e s cr ibe what has been done and
wha t is b e ing d on e to s e cure t he s e inherent r igh t s , tha t have been invaded by
the whi t eman , tha t the Pa s s ama quoddy have in the fu l l en j oyn1en t of the ir righ t s
t o the ir l and - land which be longed to the Pa s s�una quoddy l ong b e fore arty con
s t i tu t ion was wr i t ten b y the whi teman .
Read i t .
I t invo lve s your land and your chi ldren ' s -t o - come land .
(Cou t inued 0n Pag e 1 9 )
�( 19 )
( Co n t inued from Page
OUTLINE OF EVENTS
A.
Lawyer Hired .
Nay of 1 9 64', the d e c i s ion
II .
In
to do
some thing about
t r e a t y v io l a t ion s by
the
d i s cu s s io n s w i th
t r i b a l of f i c ia l s and
Don C .
be done
to
set
t hing s
B.
1 9 68 .
and
the
Pas s amaquoddy .
Preparat ion
G e t t ing r e ady wa s
to F i l e Comp l a in t .
t he ma in goal b e tween
The work invo lve d dur ing t h i s
informa t i on
Thi s
( fr om as
loRg cont inuing
the hir ing o f
came ab out a f t er many
the re a l i z a t ion tha t some thing
s tr a ight con c e rn ing mo n i e s and
s amaquoddy p e o p l e .
the
S t ate of Maine b e c ame a re a l i ty by
Ge l l er s a s a t torney for
the
12)
to
cou ld
the
Pas
the per iod o f May ,
1 9 64
to s uppor t a l l
c l a ims wh i c h
t ime wa s :
far away as Eng l and )
land b e long ing
to January ,
The ga t her ing o f . ma t er i a l s
(1)
the
the Pas s amaquoddy have again s t b o th t h e Commonwea l t h o f Ma s s a chuse t t s a n d the
S tate
of Ma ine ;
and r e por t s
p l a c e s wher e
t he
invo lve d a gre a t amount o f trave l ing ,
Pas s ama quod dy .
to
sho'
(3)
toge ther a l l
a s s oc i a te .
s ary b e c au s e D on i s n o t a member o f the Ma s s achu s e t t s Bar ,
needed to do wha t ever
the
the pr oof t h a t
where the S ta t e o f Ma ine ha s broken i t s promi s e s to
Dur ing thi s t ime , in May , 1 9 6 7 , John S . B o t toml ey ,
from Bo s t on , was hired to be Don Ge l le r s '
B r ie f ly ,
le t t er \-lr i t ing
Be low is a l i s t o f a few people and
l e t ter s wer e ex changed i� br ing ing
w i l l b e ne c e s s ary
a lat·ryer
Thi s
( 2)
to and from many p l a c e s .
leg work i s n e ce s s ary in
S t a te o f �la ine c anno t be
s ued
if
the
cour t s
Thi s wa s ne ce s
and some one wa s
in Na s s achu s e t t s .
i t d o e s no t wan t to be
the
i t s ob l ig a t ion s
Commonwea l th of Ma s s achu s e t t s can be
Pa s s amaquoddy never agree d
ins t e ad .
Th i s
to
the
l e t Ma s s achu s e t t s
Ind i an s ,
In D e c embe r ,
(4 )
to
s ame r u l e as �lai ce ,
sued .
Be c au s e Ma s s a c hu s e t t s doe s no t have
the
or Ma ine could n o t k i l l i t j u s t o n mere
III .
On
ILL OF
par a t ion , was
COMPLAIHT F ILED
f i led
wrong s
t h i ng s
tha t have been done
-
( the
Tii. a t
j u s t l ike
of
list
the Cour t
Tila t
Ma s s a chus e t t s
and Maine ,
and f a i led
That t he
t ime has needed
of damage s
t r e a ty o f
-
to
and
the
s ay t ha t the
Tha t i t w as r e a l l y due
- 'Iha t Ma s s achu s e t t s
- Tha t
the
i n to a s ep ar a t e
the
tr eaty of
of
to
the
is
the
the
l i s t ing of
to t he
tr ib e forever ,
the
the tr e a ty ,
Cour t
s aid
s t i l l re s pon s ib l e
to s e t
Name ly ,
to
s traight wha t
for wha t
for a long
t o f igure ou t the amoun t
the
Pa s s ama quoddy under
l i e s o f Ma s s a chu s e t t s o f f i c i a l s
and
Pa s s ama quoddy ne�er - gave
tha t Ma s s achu s e t t s
have b e e n ignor ed by bo th
1 794
l and s
s houldn ' t have s e t -up
s ta t e .
w i t h the in tere s t ,
p lu a
the
the s e promi s ed
- 'Iha t l1a s s ac hu s e t t s be a s ked
$ 3 7 , 4 71 . 03
land be long s
tha t Ma s s achu s e t t s i s
s t raigh tened ou t .
of g e t t ing ou t
in E qu i ty again s t
The sui t con t e nd s among o ther
Pa � s amaquoddy .
tr ib e whi c h had b e en promi s ed
1 7 94 .
Th i s a c t iv i ty we n t
the comp l a i n t
s e par a t e wrongs ) :
to do .
Pas s ama�uoddy never d id g e t
a s a way
the
In shor t ,
Pa s s ama quod dy wan t s
to be
s ued
and that no whi t e s had any r ig h t to s te a l any part
the r igh t s under
Maine ha s done
-
to
2l�
s ho u ld
t het r e a ty s ay s ,
i t away .
-
inc lud e s
f or
a f t e r many mon th s o f hard pre
f in a l ly ,
comp la in t ,
in Suffo lk Coun ty Supe rior Cour t
Commouwe a l th of Ma s s ac hu s e t t s .
1
t he
to Maine
to make sure that e i the r Ma s s a chu s e t t s
t e chn i c a l i t ie s .
1968 .
Mar"Ch- -S:- -1 9 6 S:- the
t he buckn
s ince
a very rough wr i t ing o f t he comp l aint was done .
1967
l i s t ing o f wrong -do ing s w as gone over
on un t i l Nar c h ,
tipas s
and
in
the S ta t e of Ma ine
the ir con s en t
in
Ind ians at
tha t t ime ,
and tha t Ma s s a chu s e t t s b e ord ered t o pay b a ck the
in tere s t and a l l a c crued and
incr e a s ed income from
( Con t i nued on
Page
20)
the
1 8 20
to Ma ine b e ing made
to a c coun t for wha t was done w i th
it owed t he
tha t
the S c hcod i c River .
the
the
the
toge ther
$ 3 7 , l� 7 1 . 03
trus t fund .
�( 2�)
(Con t inued
19)
from Page
- 11ha t Ma s s achus e t t s be a s ked f o r d ama g e s
b e e n cu t over
The wrong s
p l a in t ,
but
tree s
that have
are me n t ion e d above are no t a l l
tha t was
s a id in
is
the
cum
invo lved
comp l a in t .
THE CA S E
As was expe c t e d ,
c a s e b y s aying
i s pa s t ,
t he
in a nu t s he l l , w i l l g ive you a g o od i d e a of wha t
PRE SENT S TATIJS OF
A.
t he
tha t
th i s ,
i n the b i l l of
IV .
for a l l
the year s on Pa s s ama quodd y Tr e a t y land s .
s o t ha t
that
t he Commonwe a l t h o f Ma s s a chus e t t s i s
the
t he Pa s s ama quoddy ar e
t he r e i s eve ry h o p e t ha t
Don i s ,
at
try ing
to d e feat
t ime w i thin wh i c h the sui t s hould have been broug h t
too l a t e in comp l a in ing .
Don f e e l s
th i s w i l l be over come .
thi s 'vr i t ing ,
pr e par ing l e g a l argumen t s
to overcome
ob j e c t ion s wh i c h Ma s s a chus e t t s has f i l e d in Super ior Cour t .
the
The hearing on
the ahove ob j e c t ion s and o t her po in t s wi l l b e s ome t ime in the nex t two or
t hr e e mon t h s .
COECLUS IO
V.
To b e
sure ,
t he cour t s are n o t the o n ly arm o f t he governme n t
The amoun t o f d amage s a sked
mi l l ion )
and
for by t he
sub s tan t i a l
t he p o l i t i c ian s w i l l no t be d en i e d a f i g h t .
b a t t l e w i l l be a l o n g h a r d one ,
everyone ' s
Tr ibe i s very
coopera t ion
this
and
this
$ 1 50
The road o f l eg a l
i s on ly t h e b e g i n n ing .
s u c c e s s fu l .
j ou rney s hou ld be
invo lve d .
(over
The
B u t w i th
t ru th mu s t win
i n the end .
Ame r ic an In s t i t u te
of Re a l E s ta t e
The Br i t i sh Mu s eum
Apprai s e r s
Lon�on ,
Chi cago ,
Ency c l o p ed i a E r i tan i c a
3 6 B o u t h �·lab a s h Avenue
I l l ino i s
Eng land
Libr ary Re se a r ch Se rv ice
Pub l i c Re cord Of f ic e
4 25 r
Chan c e ry Lane
Chicago ,
London ,
•
Mi chigan Avenue
I l l i no i s
E n g l and
Mas s achu s e t t s Hi s t or ica l S o c i e ty
Bo s t on , Ma s s a c hus e t t s
Ma ine S ta t e Libr ary
Augu s t a ,
Maine
St .
Pub l i c Ar c h ive s
Canad a
His tory De partmen t
D e l ho u s i e Un iver s i ty
Co l le c t io n s o f N . S .
John ' s Mu s e um ,
Ll oyd Y
ruir
of Nova S co t ia
Hi s to r i c a l S o c i e ty
The Library of Congr e s s
�·lash ing ton , D . C .
Smi t h s on i an In s t i tu t e
·las h i ng t on , D . C .
The · New
runswicl� Mu s eum
New York Pub l i c Library
227
Doug l a s Avenue
New Yor!c Ci t y ,
St.
John ,
N. Y .
N. E . ,
( Submit te d by Ind i an Town ship Governor John S teven s ,
Canad a
2/ 13/69)
D ID YOU KHOf·J THAT
t he Queb e c Ind i an A s s o c i a t ion ha s pre s e n t e d t he provin c i a l government wi t h a b i l l
for
$ 5 , 000 , 000
out
the ir con s en t ?
for
l and s
the a s s o c i a t ion c l a ims were t aken from the Ind ians· u i t h
Or tha t A lb e r t a Ind i Rn s a r e a s k i n g t h e Canad ian Ind i an
Af f a i r s D e par tme n t for a r e a f f irma t ion of
Ind i an s d emanded the e s tab l i s hment o f a
comp e n s a t ion f or
l and t h ey
lost
the ir
treaty r i gh t s ?
$ 100 , 000 . 000
through treat i e s ?
Or t ha t 'NaliHoba
d eve l opmen t fund a s par t i a l
( Ind i an Re cord , Feb . -Mar .
' (9 )
�( 21 )
BERMUDA NORTH - IT 1 S HEADED EAST
PROJECT :
•
•
.
•
Relevanc e .
how many
Involvement .
oung adult s ,
So cial a ction .
all that ' s been written about them lately?
John P . Davi s ,
It all s ounds good .
�
But
if given the opportunity, would actµally l i e up to
That ' s the que stion that Father
advis o r to the Bowdoin College Newman Apostolate
(whi ch ha s no
club membership but include s eve ry Catholic and ever;r non-Catholi c who parti c
Bermuda
ipate s i n any o f it s activit i e s ) asked hims e lf wh en h e launched " P ro j e ct :
North" a few weeks a o .
It alluded
The pro j e ct title was s e le cted for its symboli c s igni fi c ance .
t o the anriual exodus of c o llege students from the northeastern st�t e s and their
1i\·fuat this
migration t o Fort Lauderdale and Be rmuda for the spring va cat ion .
title is s aying i s ,
10.K. ,
forget about tho s e pla c e s ;
pole in the cornmitment that thi s pro j e ct demands
Hhat are the students of P ro j e ct :
of them from Bowdoin and St .
1 , 11
they ' re at the oppo site
explained t h e advi s o r .
Be rmuda North committed to ? .
vac ations at the Pas s amaquoddy Re s e rvation at Peter Dana Point .
duct workshops in drama ,
Twelve
J o s eph ' s College have agreed to sp end thei� spring
art , mus i c ,
tutoring ,
They will con
s ewing and dre s smaking for both
the elementary and hit�h s chool students on the re s e rvation .
Th eir purpo s e ?
1 1 To help , in so e small way , the Indians to help themselve s , " Father Davis
replied .
The idea of the workshops originated with the reservation ' s own Governor
John St evens .
When he was approached last I ovember by . Davis , St eve Plourde
Bowdoin student ) , and Lou Doyle , coordinat o r of Indian Affairs for the Dio c e s e
(a
he turned do m the i r original idea o f having s everal Bowdoin student s
Stevens ' reaction
come to the re s e rvat ion to pit ch into ph� si cal work pro j e cts .
But our children
was , 11 e are capable of doing such work ours elve s ; so let us . ·
have talent s and we would like t o see them channeled . "
The visitors agreed ,
o f Portland ,
and Pro j e ct :
Bermuda
orth was born • • • •
The pro j e ct dat e s , 1arch
encompas s the student s ' entire vacation
period with the exception of one day on eithe r end .
Twenty-five young people
uali fi cati ons .
filled out the four-page . ppli cation Form and Stat ement o f �
The appli c at io ns we re reviewed by the i ewman Exe cutive Board , Do le , Stevens
and the Council of the r e s e rvat io n .
_pplied were well-quali
Althou h all who a
23 -30 ,
fied for the pro j e ct , only 14 were ac cept ed be caus e of the limit ed residence
space avail ble at Pet e r Dana Point .
Each student who wa s s ele cted i s t alented
in more than one of the workshop areas so that he can " pinch hit " in other
areas .
•
• •
Each participant is �eq'...d. r ed . to · re ad background mat e rials on Indian culture
Brie fing s e s s ions
in general and the Pas samaquoddy culture in parti cular .
i n c lude d i s cus sion of Indian customs and viewpoi nt s ; speakers are Governor
Stevens and · 1ayne l ewell ( AFSC repre s entative to the Pas samaquoddy ) • • • •
whe n the group
The proj e ct 1 s s chedule o f events begins ·on Sunday , i·iar ch
will emb ark on the s ix-hour bus trip to Pet e r Dana Point ( near Prin ceton , Me . )
23 ,
'orni a s 'Nill be devoted to workshops fo r the high s chool age children , a fter
"'.ve ' ve s et it up thi s way s o
And thei r own learning will be
that the o lder chi ldren can help the others .
1
noons to the elementary children s workshops .
reinfo rc�d , 1
the advi s o r explain�d .
J*
Evenings will be r e s e rved
.8Vi e s , game s and s o ng fe st s , for the e nt i re
On �ledne sday the group plans a t rip to the University of Mel:ine
at Orono so that the older children can get a good look at how college student s
learn about drama , art , mns i c - the very things they are learning in the work
. Father Davis d e s c ribed
shops .
A " happening" is s cheduled for Friday night .
r� s e rvat i on .
this event as an opportunity for the children to demonstrate the talent s they
have been pract i c ing during the weeY.: •
• • •
Like the initial question o f reJ.evance and i nvolv eme nt , thP- ambit i ous
( r,onti nuf3d on Page
22)
�(22)
( Con t inued
I
from Pag e
Pr o j e c t :
r e rumu d a l·!o r t h s o un d s g r e a t b u t .
c an ' t do
it
a l one .
They are w i l l ing
to
•
•
•
21)
The r : b u t
sacrifice
·
ar i s e s b e c au s e the group
t he ir va c a t ions a nd a l l
t he add i t i o n a l hour s b e fore the ir d e pa r t ur e .
� u t • • • t hey n e ed the loan o f ,
r t he r e du c e d r a t e o f , a b u s d r ive r t o trans por t them t o and from Pe t e r Dana
Po i n t , and t o and from Orono .
I3 u t . . • t he ten Dowd o in s t ud en t s and F a ther D av i s
need s l e e p in g b a g s (week ' s loan ) f o r the f l oor o f t h e r e s i d e n c e ha l l where
t hey w i l l
l ive .
Bu t •
for one week .
s e cond - hand )
ject .
ab ove
Eut
that
•
Bu t •
• •
•
•
that c a n be
•
•
t he y need a var ie t y n f food s tu f f s
for
the group o f 15
t hey need a r t ma t e r ia l s o f all k ind s and gu i tar s
l e f t w i t h the Ind i an c h i ldr en a t
( new or
the c l o s e of t h e pr o
they n e e d s ome c o ld c a s h w i t h wh i c h t o pro cure t h a t s hare o f t he
i s no t d ona t e d or
l o aned
to
them .
If you c an el.' a s e any o f the " B u t ' s " g ive F a t her Dav i s a c a l l at
Re c to r y in Brun�w i ck ,
7 2 5 - 2 6 24
Time s , 2/ 14 / 6 9 ,
•
(From t he Ma i n e
•
•
•
St.
Char l e s
.
by G l or i a Hu t ch i n s o n )
TO �- C I TI Z E N S O F THE S TATE O F MAI lE
THE
�
��
�
-��
February
��-
24 , 1969
Pe t e r D a n a Poin t
Ind ian Town s hi p
Hhen t h e r e s pon s ib i l i ty f o r the e d u c a t ion o f Ind i an c h i ldren w a s changed
over fr om the D e par tme n t o f Hea l th and Pe l fare
I
tho u g h t
men t
in
there wou l d be
tex t s
mea n i n g f u l change .
have c0n t inued
to p o i n t o u t here whe re
The re has b e e n a sma l l improve
tex t s are no t
the Depar tme n t made
t he p a t e r na l i s t i c a t t i tud e .
l e ad ing remar ks and b ig pr omi s e s
do .
to the D e p ar tmen t of Edu c a t ion ,
and a f ew l igh t bulb s have b e e n r e p l a c e d , b u t
I wan t
e n ough .
a
i t s mi s take s .
They
They have mad e i n t e n t iona l ly mi s
t o for ce u s t o d o t h i n g s we d id n o t w i s h to
They have no t hand l ed money me an t for Ind i an e du c a t ion re s pon s ib ly .
I
do n o t f e e l t h a t s ome o f t h e p e o p l e invo lve d in Ind i an edu c a t ion shou ld be i n
v o l v e d in e du c a t i o n a t a l l .
I fe e l t ha t i t ' s Governor Cur t i s ' r e s pons ib i l i ty
t o s e e tha t h i s worker s
a s r e s p e c t e d . e qua l s .
I f ir s t wou l d l ike
in
the De par tme n t o f Ed u c a t ion l e a�n to
to p o in t ou t an examp le o f where the Depar tme n t has
wa s t e d money me ant: for Ind ian educa t ion .
2
a t i o n f o r on e new te acher a t e a c h o f the
last
summer
t r e a t Ind i�ns
the D e par tme n t go t E SEA Ti t l e
f o r .s p e c i a l pr ograms in our
s c ho o l s .
The 1 0 3rd Leg i s l a ture made an appropr i
And l a t e
Pa s s amaquoddy s cho o l s .
I mon e y from t h e f e d e r a l gove rnme n t
T <' s t ar t o f f u i t h t h e De par tmen t t o ok o n
t hems e lv e s the r e s p on s ib i l i t y o f d e c id i ng how t o s p e nd the money wi tho u � c on su l t
i n g the Ind i a n s .
I wou l d l ike to show you wha t happene d .
A t P l e a s an t
t he
Po i n t a fu l ly qua l i f i e d t e acher was hired wi th s t a t e mon e y b u t
Ti t l e I mon ey wa s
re lease
l e f t un s p e n t .
�e f o r c e d t hem r e c en t ly
t h i s money t o h i r e Ind i an t e a cher s '
s t i l l no t b e e n r e l e a s e d .
t he s t and ard s
they s pe n t our Ti t l e I mone y for a l e s s
but
there
t o promi s e t o
b u t o f c our s e t h e money has
At Ind ian Town s h i p t he D e par tmen t d id no t b o ther to
f ind a t e a c her who c o u l d me e t
w e have money t o hire a
a id e s ,
t e acher a t the
t he 1 03rd Leg i s l a ture d emand e d ;
qua l i f i ed t e a c her .
so
Now they say t ha t
Pe ter Dana Po i n t s cho o l a t
I nd ian Town s h i p
i s no w a y o f s p e n d in g i t .
te l l h i s D e par tmen t to t ake the f o l l owt h � t Ind ian t e a c her a id e s are hired imme d i a t e ly a t P l e a s an t
( 2 ) Have the Ti t l e I
Poin t and Pe t e r D an a Po i n t a a 'we sugg e s t e d l a s t f a l l ;
( 3 ) S e e t h a t when the
money r e p l a c e d that was s pe n t for the wrong purpo s e ;
Leg i s l a ture a ppropr i a t e s money i n the f u ture , t ha t i t is s pen t in the way it wa s
I wou ld
ing s t e p s :
l ike t o s e e Gover nor Cur t i s
(1)
me an t and no t b e
a lway s
see
te l l us
See
left
tha t
to r o t
they have
in
to
the
Memb e r s o f t he D e par tmen t
the g u id e l ine s ; " we wou ld l ike t o
S ta te ' s pocke t .
"work und er
t hem d o t h i s .
( con t inue d )
/
�Here
i s ano ther examp le of how the Departmen t of Ed uca t ion opera t e s on
down to the Ind i an Town s hi p Reserva t ion to d i s cu s s
s cho o l wh i ch is
there w a s money
from t he De par tmen t came
In S e p t ember o f 1 9 6 8 two o f f i c i a l s
the re s erva t ion s .
the
l o ca t ion o f the new
supp o s e d to be bui l t on the Town ship t h i s
( They mad e the s ame promi s e a t Ple a s a n t Po in t . )
and
the
They s a id
They s a id t ha t the · s cho o l
wou l d b e f i n i s hed b y S e p t ember 1 9 6 9 i f w e approved t he
However ,
summer .
to bui ld a s choo l w i t h 2 c l as s rooms and an a l l - purpo s e room.
i t was a controve r s i a l l o c a t ion be cause
s i t e which t hey sugge s t ed .
it wa s t he b a s eb a l l d i amond
only re crea t ion area on the r e s erva t i on and a l o t of Ind ian s had
a l o t of
t ime and money
When p e o p l e s a id
a new r e c r e a t ion are a ,
they fe l t
tha t
the
s t a t e had a r e s pon s ib i l i ty
the o f f i c i a l s be came agre s s ive .
ab s o l u t e ly impo s s ib l e .
p laye r s or good
spen t
to b u i ld i t .
The o t her one s a id ,
s tud e n t s ? " as
One
"Hhat d o you wan t ?
i f he a l one c ared about
to bui ld
s aid tha t it
was
Good bal l
the educa t ion of our ch i l d
A f t e r 2 mon ths o f b i ckering they s a id i t wa s t he r e s pons ib i l i ty o f the
r en .
�o
D e p ar tme n t to r e p la c e t he area and s o they add ed
con s t r u c t { ou cou ld b e corup l c te d ,
more mon ths onto when the
for no good rea son .
Then j u s t r e c e n t ly we found ou t tha t the s cho o l s wou l d n o t have 2 c l a s s
Thi s came to us as a
rooms at a l l but only one b e c au s e o f r i s ing co s t s .
I f ind i t hard to b e l i eve
the Depar tmen t .
so comp l e t e ly ignoran t of i the r i s i ng co s t prob lem b a ck
gre a t surpr i s e from some one n o t in
t hat
the D e p ar tmen t was
in Sep tember when they made
the b ig promi s e of a 3 room scho o l .
And i t i s
comp l e t e ly wrong tha t t hey d id no t kee p u s informed regard ing a l l chang e s and
d i f f icul t i e s when
they came up ,
of keeping thi s a s e cre t .
as
they had promi s e d us in S e p tember ,
I b e l ive i t
is Governor Cur t i s '
in s t ead
r e s pon s ib i l i t y to
go t o t he 104th Leg i s la ture. for emergency fund s t o guaran t e e the type of s chool
promi s e d t o u s .
R e c en t ly ,
one
of
the s e s ame o f f i c ia l s s aid t ha t
there wa sn ' t enough money
wou ld be g o ing to
for
3 rooms at
the Leg i s la ture
Po i n t and 4 a t P l e a s an t Poin t .
the D e p artmen t
for on e add i t i ona l c l a s s room at Pe ter D ana
La s t week we learned the re que s t was in a bond
i s sue ?nd wou ld no t be ava i l ab le un t i l
the o f f i c i a l was
it d id n o t ma t t er tha t
each r e s erva t ion becau s e
1 9 70 if the i s sue p a s s ed a t a l l .
When
to ld t h i s he ac t e d surpr i s ed and s aid he d id no t know i t .
f e e l i t i s h i s b u s ine s s
educat ion .
to know .
Til i s i s
I
the i n t e r e s t t hey show abou t Ind ian
Ano ther exampl e o f the D epar tment ' s was t e o f money and o f the qua l i ty o f
i t s per s onne l i s t h e pre s e n t Ind ian Adu l t Edu cat ion pro j e c t .
The d ire c t or
of that pro j e c t it s eems ha s worked to d e s t roy what programs we have on the
r e s erva t ion .
S he worked hard to b lock forma t ion of s ch o o l board s on the
r e s ervat i on s .
She campaigned for the c l o s ing of Ind i an s c hoo l s and again s t
the hiring o f a d ir e c t or o f Ind ian educ at ion .
t he p e o p l e ,
she r e fu s ed t o
for Ind ian s in o t her d e p ar tmen t s wh i c h had had a very
favorab l e re spon s e for Ind ian s b e fore .
a t ion to
them .
She
s u c c e eded in d i srupt ing b o t h coIIilllun i t i e s by medd l ing i n
F o r over $ 30 , 00 0 in s t a t e fund s s h e o n l y h e l d 2 c l a s s
on the re s erva t ion and thi s wa s
in
(U.
s.
She s e t up dr iver educ a t io n c las s e s
m i l e s away from t h e r e s erva t ions and d id no t s u p p l y any tran s por t
tribal po l i t i c s .
no r e s p e c t
to a l l
but
to do .
She mad e enemie s
25
and s e t them up ;
s e t up adu l t e duca t ion c l a s s e s on the re s erva t ion a s s h e w a s
a sked many time s
i n Calai s ,
Her j ob wa s t o g o around
a s k them what sor t o f programs they wan ted ,
Ind ian Af f a ir s )
to try to imp o s e her p hi l o s ophy on u s ,
Commi s s i oner Benne t t and one o ther man .
for Pa s s amaquoddy cu l ture ,
her grand chi ldr en" and
tha t our
She showed
s ay ing we were n o t r e a l ly Ind ians " l ike
language
s h e or any o t her whi te p e r s o n know ab ou t
how to s p eak one
s e s s ions
br inging
is
l ike p idgeon Eng l i sh ; wha t d o e s
Ind i an language s when they don ' t know
thems e lve s ?
I f e e l tha t i t i s G overnor Curt i s '
re s pon s ib i l i ty t o s e e that
sonn e l d o no t b e come invo lved in r e s erva t ion po l i t i c s ;
( c on t inued )
(2)
( 1 ) hi s per
tha t a l l ind ividua l s
�a p p ly ing for po s i t ions
invo lv ing Indian educa t i on be
Governor s o r t h e i r re pre s e n ta t ive s ;
and
(3)
s creened by
the
Tr ib a l
tha t t h e tribe be g iven t h e power
to fire incomp e t e n t people involved in Ind ian affair s .
La s t year we heard about
the pos s ib i l i ty of ge t t ing a Mod e l Scho o l program
for on e of the re s erva tion s cho o l s .
fede r a l money migh t b e go t ten .
and many p e o p l e were s en t
Now
learn tha t due
we
of money wi l l be very
runn ing i n Maine
to
It was hoped tha t as much as
A E SEA Ti t le
b u t w e would
to do the
sma l l and come
thi s year .
l ike
tha t if we g e t fund e d at a l l ,
out o f wha t
I r e a l i ze
is
l e f t over
the amoun t
from pro j e c t s
tha t the S t a t e h a s commi t ted i t s e l f
their need i s
W e have no d e s ir e to take money away from o t her s cho o l s
same for
f ar we have
in
to Ar izona t o view o t her Ind ian edu ca t ion pro j e c t s .
some mix-up
t o o'ther s c ho o l s which a lr e ady have programs , b u t w e que s t ion if
a s gre a t a s our s .
$ 1 2 5 > 000
III p lann ing gran t wa s ob tained
to s e e
some re s pon s e s
from our repre sen t a t ive s i n Washing ton
the Pa s s amaquoddy as was done for the whi te
schoo l s .
So
s e en t hem make no v igorous a t temp t s to he lp the Ind i an s of Maine .
We a s k t he p e o p l e of Maine
to t he ir r e pre s en t a t ives
Governor Cur t i s .
to suppor t us and to make
in Augu s ta ,
Thank you .
the ir opin ion s known
to our congr e s smen and senator s ,
and to
S incere ly ,
I sl
John S t evens
Governor John S tevens
Ind ian Town ship Re s erva t ion
I ND IAN AFFAIRS S TUDY COMMITTEE GETS DG!N TO BUSINE SS
A special
l e g i s l a t iv e j o in t commi t tee created to s tudy s t a te admin i s trat ion
o f Ind i an a f f a ir s held i t s f ir s t mee ting Thur sd ay and made plans
s io n s and a pub l i c hearin g .
S e n . B enne t t D .
Ka t z , R-Augu s t a ,
shown " ex t raord inary intere s t "
s t a t e depar tmen t cre a t e d i n
cha irman ,
said
the commi t tee has
in the prob lems of the Ind ians and o f the sma l l
1965
t o he l p the two t r ib e s w i th their prob lems .
The pane l was cre a t e d to f ind ou t
o ve r s pend ing i t s
the
for more s e s
for
the l eg i s l ature why
Ind ian we i fare a l lo tmen t s .
Kat z s a id pr e l iminary ind icat ions are
the depar tmen t i s
that " admin i s trat ion
is
loo s e •
•
•
bu t i t ' s a que s t ion more o f the need for add i t iona l s ta f f than o f any casual
a t t i tude" about money .
A f t e r t a lking w i th repre s en t a t iv e s of
Edward C .
Hin ck l ey ,
Maine has done in the pa s t
o f pride •
•
•
•
t he t r ib e s and w i t h Commi s s ioner
Ka t z s a id t he commi t tee con c lud ed there are "very few things
to give e i ther the Ind ian s or the s t a t e a s e n s e
no thing but cre a t e a ho ld ing ac tion •
•
•
which has drained t h e Indian
o f ini t ia t ive and enthu s ia sm for a produ c t ive l ife . "
Bu t he s a id
the work o f t he new d e par tment s eems to have produced
"a
g l immer o f l i f e " and t h a t educa t ion and hou s ing e f f or t s a r e having a not iceab l e
impa c t .
(From the Kenne b e c Journa l ,
2/ 2 1 / 6 9 )
PUBLIC INVITED T O INDIAN LEC TURE S
A s er ie s o f 3 l e c ture s from the Co lby Co l lege Adu l t Educa t ion Cour s e i n
" The Red Man ' s Burden , " w i l l be o p en to t h e genera l pub l i c .
there wil l be a d i s cu s s ion b e tween Mr . Wayne Newe l l , a Pa s s amaquoddy
and Mr . Duane B irdb e ar , a Mand an - Hid a t s a from North Dako t a , on the
I nd i an A f f a ir s ,
On March 3 ,
Ind i a n ,
v iews of young Ind ian s t oday .
The d if f erenc e s b e tween the b l a ck and Ind ian
c iv i l r i gh t s movement s w i l l b e touched upon .
Dr . W i l l ard Walker of We s le yan Univer s i ty w i l l l e c ture on the cul ture
And on e i ther Mar ch
Newe l l and o ther Maine Ind ians
The s e l e c t ure s
wi l l d i s c us s the s i tuat ion and reac tion s o f Maine Ind ian s today .
wi l l b e in Room 208 o f the Love j oy Bui ld ing at Co lby , un l e s s o t herw i s e announc ed .
and l anguage of
31
or Apr i l
7
t h e Pa s samaquoddy Ind ian s on March 1 7 th .
( f inal d a t e
to b e announced ) Mr .
�( 25 )
FUNDING OF I�IDIAN TRAINING COORDINATOR DELAYED
A F ebruary 1 9 th memorandum from Maine Emp loymen t Se cur i ty Commi s s ion
Chairman Jame s S choen tha ler to Pas s amaquoddy Tr ibal o f f i cia l s , ind ic a t e s tha t
fund s for an Ind ian Training Coord ina tor ' s po s i t ion on the Ind ian Township
Re servat ion have no t yet been ob tained .
nie po s i t ion of Ind ian Training Co ord inator was a key e l ement in las t
July ' s Memorandum of Under s tand ing b e tween the Ind ian s and o ff i c i a l s of the
Georgia-Pac i f i c Corpora t ion , re lat ive t o di spu t e s over the company ' s fores try
prac t i ce s on the Ind ian Township Re s ervat ion .
( See Ju ly ' 68 News l e t ter , page s
1 - 2 ; Augus t New s l e t ter , page s 1 1 - 1 3 . )
The agreement s p e c i f ied that " a t leas t one Ind ian experienced in pulpwood
harve s t ing w i l l be emp loyed as a Training Coord ina tor
" w i th the company pay
ing at leas t Federal minimum wages to the Coord inator and be ing re imbur sed with
Depar tment o f Labor fund s .
One of the main fun c t ions of the Coord inator was
to improve connnun ica tions bea�een Ind ian traine e s or employe e s and the company .
The MESC ob t ained the Amer ican Pulpwood Asso ciat ion as prime contractor
for t he spec ial fores try training and employmen t program which the agre ement
spe l led out , and training s tar ted on Sep tember 9, 1968 .
I t wasn ' t un t i l late
October tha t i t became known that no Ind ian Coord inator had been hired b e cau se
the APA c ontract permit ted on ly one d ay o f " superv i s ion" for every 7 trainee s ,
and at the t ime there were only 5 tra inee s enro l led in the program , plus 9
recru i t s who had been emp l oyed without any training being required .
A waiver wa s ob tained from the Dept . of Labor on this contractual re s tr i c
t ion and fo l l owing some more de lay s , recru i t ing f o r t h e po s i t ion conunenced ,
with the company interviewing 6 Ind ian app l i can t s for the po s t .
By this t ime , however , in early January , i t deve loped that the l a s t c l a s s
of trainee s w a s due t o complete the ir program on January 1 0 t h and that tpe APA
t o tal contract expired on February 7 th .
Ef for t s to ge t permis s ion from the
Depar tm.ent of Labor to re imbur s e the company for the Coord ina tor 1 s wag e s for
that one mon th period fai led , due to there being no trainees actua l ly enro l led
a f t er January 10th .
Effor t s made by Ind ian Affair s Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley
to obtain emergency fund s from the Labor Depar tmen t for the one month period
a l s o failed .
S choe n thaler ' s memo conc lude s by repor t ing that Hin ckley , on February 4th ,
submi t ted to the regional (Boston) office of the Labor Departmen t ' s Manpower
Admini s trat ion a formal pro j e c t propos al for fund s to re imbur se· the company for
On February 1 2t h , Hinckley
the Coordinator ' s po s i t ion for a one -year per iod .
was informed that the propo sal wou ld be forwarded to t he Manpower Admin i s trat ion
in Washing ton w i th a favorab l e r e connnendat ion regard ing i t s fund ing .
The
Manpower Admin i s trat ion in Washing ton has recen t ly e s tab l i shed an " Ind ian d e sk"
headed by Mr . D a l e Hing , h ims e l f an Indian .
Copie s o f the memorandum o f the 1 9 th were a l s o sent to o ther par t ie s t o
the July agre eme n t - t h e Pas s�maquoddy Connnuni ty Ac tion Program , t h e Georg ia
Pac i f i c Corporat ion , and the Roman Catho l i c D ioce sean Divis ion of Indian Service s
a s we l l as t o Governor Kenneth M . Cur t i s .
At pre s en t , two a l l - Ind ian 5 -man
f or e s try crew s are emp loyed on Ind ian Township .
•
•
•
NO INDICTMENTS
No ind i c tmen t s wer e r e turned by a Washing ton Coun ty grand j ury af t er
cons ider ing a l l egat ions o f police bru ta l i ty on Indians at the Pas samaquoddy
Pleasan t Poin t Re serv a t ion in Perry .
The grand j ury r o s e Monday a f t er cons id
ering this and o ther cas e s for four day s .
The s e s e s s ions are not pub l i c .
The grand j ury hearing on the po l ice mi s treatment complain t s was r e que s te d
At the time this w a s announced ,
by S ta t e Pol i ce Chie f Parker F . Henne s sey .
(Con t inued on Page 2 6 )
�( 26 )
(Con t inued from Pago 25 )
At torney General Jame s S . Erwin was quo ted as say ing , " Th i s wi l l be the be s t
way t o ge t this mat ter cleared u p one way o r the o ther . "
Several Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ians c l aim they were beaten or manhand led by
po l i c e at the r e s erva t ion af ter a brawl b e tween Ind ians and two po l i ce o f ficers
on a highway near the r e s erva t ion on Sep tember 3 , 196 7 .
F o l l owing the affray
on the h ighway , three car load s of s ta t e trooper s , deputy sher i f f s and ward ens
d e s cended on the re s erva tion in an a t tempt to round up Ind ian par t i c ipan t s .
Three Indians were convic ted and a four th pled gu i l ty to a var i e t y of charge s ,
inc lud ing a s s au l t , s t ennn i ng from the inc iden t .
Prev iou s ly Governor Kenne th M . Cur t i s had ordered the S t a t e Po l i ce to
inve s t igate charges of po l i ce mi sconduct in the case .
A pre l iminary repor t ,
based s o l e l y on the t e s t imony of police invo lved in the case , exonera ted their
behav ior .
Co l . Henne s sey s aid Tuesday that the pre l iminary repor t wi l l no t be the
f ina l word on �he sub j e c t from his de par tmen t .
He p lan s to confer with Gover
nor Cur t i s , the o ff icers invo lved , pr inc ipa l s in the Machias he aring and his
own inve s t iga tor s " to s ee what we can do to make this as c lear as po s s ib le . "
Tile Governor ' s Ta sk For ce on Human Righ t s re cen tly a s s er ted that Maine
Ind ians are sub j e c ted to " sy s tema t i c po lice harras smen t . "
(From the Maine Time s , 2 / 2 1 / 6 9 )
GOVERNOR ' S S PECIAL ME SSAGE O N EDUCATION
Governor Kenne th M. Cur t i s ' spe c i a l me s sage on education , pre sented to
1 04 th Leg i s l a ture on February 1 1 t h , con tains the f o l l owing s t atemen ts :
' To improve the Educ a t ion of Ind ian s on Re serva t ion s , I
have inc lud ed in the budge t recommended fund s for three
leaders to in i t iate a kindergar t en program on each re serva
Fund s are a l s o
t ion and a supervi sor o f Ind ian educa t ion .
inc luded to p a y f o r general evening s cho o l s a�d adu l t bas ic
In a separa te bond i s sue deal ing with
educ a ti on cour s e s .
Ind ian Af fair s , $ 1 2 5 , 000 is re que s ted to con s truc t f ive clas s
rooms .
I a l s o suppor t permi s s ive Leg i s la t i on to permi t the
Ind ian trib e s , if they d e s ire , to have commi t te e s of triba l
member s w i t h cer tain re spon s ibi l i t ie s o f local s choo l board s . "
The me s s age �l s o po in ted up the importance of several leg i s la t ive b i l l s whi ch
cou ld a l s o bene f i t Maine Indian s - one wou ld make kindergar ten programs man
datory , e f f e c t ive July 1 , 1 9 7 1 .
Ano ther woul d au thor ize the Commi s s ioner of
Educa t ion to approve b i - l ingual educat ional t e chn i ques in the e l emen tary grade s .
t he
LEGI SLATIVE NEW S
'IWO BILLS HEARD
Other than the D epar tment o f Indian Af f a ir s ' hearings b e fore the Appropr i
a t i on s Commi t te e ( o n i t s Par t I budge t and on an emergency reque s t for
$ 50 , 00 0 ) and the hearing of the 3 Hous ing Author i t ie s before the same Commi t tee ,
only two o ther Ind i an b i l l s have so far been heard thi s s e s s ion .
One o f the s e , L . D . 3 3 1 (An Ac t Appropr iat ing Fund s to Upd ate the Surveys
of Penob s co t Tr ib a l Land s ) was heard by the Appropr i a t ions Commi t tee on F ebruary
The Ac t reque s t s
1 1 th , f o l lowing the Ind ian Hou s ing Au thor i t ie s ' hear ings .
a n appropr ia t i on o f $ 5 , 000 t o the Fore s t Commi s s i oner t o "update the survey s
o f the Penob s c o t 'Tribal I s l and s in the Penob s co t River b e tween Old Town and
Mat t awamkeag for purpo s e s of c lar ify ing ind ividual t i t le s . "
A s imi lar reque s t
was �ede t o the 103rd Leg i s lature , but l o s t i n f iQal a c t ion on the Appropr iations
" tab le . "
Approve d by the Penob s co t Tr iba l Counci l , thi s b i l l was in troduced by
(Con t inued on Page 2 7 )
�(27)
( Continued from Page 26 )
Carey pointe4 out tha t normal
Repre senta t ive Ri chard Carey , D -Wa terv i l le .
practice is to "perambu late" town lines every 5 year s if they are no t "mom.,Jmen t
ed " and every 1 5 years i f they have markers ; in the case o f the Penob s c o t
land s , they have not b e e n re surveyed s ince 1 8 3 5 -3 9 .
I n response to que s t ion
ing by the Commi t tee as to whe ther $ 5 , 000 wou ld be a suf f icient amoun t for
the j ob , Ind ian Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley exp lained that it would be suf fic _ient to make a s tar t , par t icu l ar ly on Ind ian I s land and re lated to areas und er
con s id er a t ion now by the Tr ib a l Hous ing Authority for new home con s truc t ion and
for san i t a tion fac i l i tie s .
A number of tribal members cau t ioned the Commi t te e
that the Penob scot Tribe i s very " touchy" about land and t i t le ques tions , and
wondered if a survey wou ld be advisab le at thi s time .
Repre sent a t ive Carey
a l s o sugge s ted tha t a general survey of a l l the i s land s migh t we l l reveal tha t
some of them have d i s appeared as t he re su l t of increased water leve l s in the
Penob s c o t River , and sugge s ted that the Tribe should have thi s informa t ion in
case i t wi shed to make a c laim again s t the s t a te for dam�ge s .
At tha t point
I�
one of the trib a l members said with a laugh , "A c laim agains t the S ta t e ?
that cas e , I ' m in f avor of the survey . "
The o ther b i l l , L . D . 4 7 6 (An Ac t Re lating to Reg i s trat ion and Licen s ing
of Dogs on Ind ian Reserva t ion s ) was heard by the Legal Affairs Commit tee on
February 1 8 th .
Re que s ted by the Pleasant Point Tr iba l Counc i l , and spon sored
by Repre sent a t ive Kenne th Mi l l s , n �Eas tport , thi s b i l l wou ld g ive to the Ple a s
ant Point tr ibe the oppor tun i ty whi ch the Penob s co t s have had s ince 1 9 1 7 to
l i cense and reg i s ter dogs on the reservat ion .
The Commi t tee d i s cus sed 3 pos s ible amendmen ts to the word ing of the b i l l .
One would cons i s ten t ly make the law app licab le to a l l person s re s iding ,on the
2 re serva t ion s in que s t ion - not j u s t to tribal member s .
Ano ther wou ld , in
a c cordance with S ta te cu s tom , provide for a paymen t for spayed female dog s on
the s ame b a s i s as male dogs ( $ 1 . 2 5 ) ; the third wou ld provide for a 2 month ins te ad of a 1 month - per iod b e tween the dead line for reg i s t ra t ion and the
Commi s s ioner
i s suance o f warrant s to permit unregis tered dogs to be k i l led .
Hinckley s ta ted tha t he did no t be l ieve ei ther the Penob s c o t or Plea s ant Po int
Coun c i l s would ob j e c t to the se change s in the b i l l , but that he cou ld no t s ay
for sur e .
So far , ne i ther the Appropr ia t ions or the Legal Affairs Commi t tees have
repor ted on any of the Ind ian b i l l s which have been heard by them .
PLEASANT POINT NEVJS
Dana Al tva ter had a par ty to ce lebrate his 8 th b irthday on January 2 1 s t .
Hi s c la s smat e s he lped him c e l ebrat e .
Mr . Dunning , f ir s t s e l ec tman o f Jones por t , spoke on local government on
January 2 3rd a t the Tr ib a l Ha l l .
He explained how a town i s run through i t s
voted o f f i c ia l s .
The �P , wi th
Pre s en t were memb er s o f both reservat ion s .
the cooperat ion o f Mr s . Alyne Ward·, Pro j ec t D irector o f Adu l t Educa t ion , s e t
the mee t ing up .
Re fr eshmen t s were served af ter the mee t ing .
A cake s a l e s pon sored by the American Leg ion Auxi liary o f Eas tport was
held and condu c t ed by Margaret Mi t che l l ' at her home on January 2 6 t h .
Margaret
is a member o f the Aux i liary .
Pre s . Jeane t te Moore pre s ided over the busine s s mee t ing of the Women ' s
Club on January 2 7 th .
Plans were made to ho ld a cake sale s o we wou ld have
money in r e s erve to carry ou t our pro j e c t s , s ince our funds are �ather low .
The c lub has pur cha s ed remnan t s to make qui l t s .
An open inv i t a tion l°s ext ended
to a l l t he women , to j o in the c lub .
Refreshment were s erved and game s p l ayed
af ter the mee ting .
Jo s eph Nicho l a s , Melvin Franc i s , Sab a t i s Mi t che l l and Fred Fran c i s were
( Continued on Page 28 )
�( 28 )
(Con t inued from Page 2 7 )
among the member s o f the Knigh ts of Co lumbus o f E a s t port who were ins t a l l ed
as o f f icer s a t a j o int me e t ing with the S t . Cro ix Council of Ca lais on January
30th .
Every Mond ay even ing af ter the regu lar CCD c l as s e s of rel i gion by Fa ther
Ni cknair , the teenagers enjoy a live ly game of ping pong in the Tr ibal Hal l .
Mr s . Mary Cre igh ton , E l la Cre igh ton and Mr . Char l e s Newe l l o f Cambr�dge ,
Ma s s . were cal led home las t week due to the death o f their un cle Frank Newe l l ,
who d ied in a Cal a i s Ho s p i t a l on January 3 1 s t .
He had lived in Prince ton .
Among h i s re lat ive s here he leave s his mo ther , Mr s . E l i zabeth Lacoute , age 8 6 .
The v i t a l s t a t i s t ic s report l i s t s 3 7 2 people living on the r e s erva t ion
in 1 9 6 8 .
There have been four young men who €.n l i sted in the Mar ine s dur ing
the month of January .
They are Dale Mi t che l l , David Homan , Frederick Franc i s ,
Jr . and Reg ina ld S tanley .
They are s ta t ioned in Parr i s I s land in s . c . where
they wi l l comp l e te their b a s i c training .
Mr . and �r s . B i l l Ruper t , the VISTAs a s s igned to Plea sant Point , have
been furn i shed a car by t he S ta te for the durat ion of the ir s t ay .
Y s . Ruper t
ir
teache s the kindergar ten c l a s s which has 2 boys and 10 gir l s .
She
Mi s s Deanna Francis i s curren t ly emp loyed in San Franc i s co , Cal i f .
i s the daugh ter of Mr . and Y s . Frederick Francis .
�
George Fran c i s spent a few days in the Eas tport Ho spi t a l as a re su l t o f
t h e f lu .
H e i s f ine again and made a t r i p t o Augu s ta with our Governor thi s
week .
Gov . Eugene Francis l e f t for Augu s t a on February 5 th to at tend leg i s la
t ive mee t ings concerning the Hou s ing Au thority , of which he i s chairman .
Mr . �nd Mr s . Fran c i s Sap i e l are the proud paren t s o f a baby boy born on
February 3rd at the Ea s t port Memorial Hos p i ta l .
Th i s make s 9 children for
the Sapie l s .
Congratulat ions �re be ing ex tended to Mr . and Mr s . Raymond Moore on the
bir th o f a baby boy born on the same day .
Mrs . Mary S ap ie l was gue s t o f honor at a baby shower on Sund ay , February
9th , given by the Women ' s Club .
S i s ter Eugenio , S i s ter Beatrice and S i s ter
Oliver were t here as we l l as many o ther women from Pleasant Po int .
Mr s .
Sapiel rece ived many l ove ly gif t s , and af ter a l l had been opened , re fre shmen t s
were s erved .
(From The Quoddy Tid e s , Eas tpor t , 2 / 14 / 6 9 )
INDIAN EDUCATION PROGRAM WILL B E S TUD IED BY CURTIS
AUGUS TA - Gov . Kenneth M . Cur t i s w i l l mee t here Wedne sd ay with o ffi ci als
from the S tate Depar tmen t o f Education to d i s cu s s charge s by Pa s samaquoddy
Ind ians that the d epar tment is not conduc t ing a proper Ind ian education program .
The governor me t w i th members of the adv i s ory board of the Divis ion
o f ' Ind ian Service s and Tr ibal Governor s and Leg i s lative Repre sentatives Tue s
At the conclus ion of the mee t ing
d ay af ternoon t o d i s cu s s the same sub j e c t .
in h i s o f f i c e , Cur t i s promi s e d the group he would take the mat ter up with
educat ion d epar tment o � f i c ia l s .
In an open le t ter Monday to the c i t i zens of Maine from Pa s s amaquoddy
Gpvernor John w. S teven s o f Indian Town ship (see page s 2 2 - 24 , this i s su e ) a pproved by the adv -i sory group at an Old Town mee t ing - S tevens charged that
the d epar tmen t "has not hand led re spons ib l y money meant for Ind ian educat ion . "
we
He charged tha t Indians have been mi s l ead and " forced t o d o things
He fur the r said that federal monies have e i t her been
d id no t w i s h to do . • • "
mis spen t or unp s en t , and promis ed r e s ervat ion s cho o l s have shrunk to l e s s er
s tructur e s than or ig inal ly contemp l a t ed , and that one depar tmen t - s anct ioned
worker has "medd led in tr ib al po l i ti c s . "
The New s le t ter und er s tand s that
(From the Bangor Dai ly News , 2 / 2 6 / 6 9 .
s en t to the Maine Congre s s ional d e leg·"ltcs )
copies of Gov . S t even s ' le t ter have b een _
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Feb. 1969)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1969-02
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-455
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/6766e08e203eb1f86c672f8056aeb4ad.pdf
c2b4ac2afc8aaca93cca2243a2db428d
PDF Text
Text
T
SL
VOLlJ1VlE 3' N I •iBER
J JU-WARY
-
F 0 R G
T H E
T
0T E
N
I N D I
A N
A
S K S
1969
,
"Have you forgotten to renew your subscription to the
If you have forgotten, then fill
Maine Indian Newsletter?
_
out -the_ subscr:l tTor: co11pon on the last page and send it in
p
to me.
If you do not wish to renew your subscription and want
to know when you will receive your last 1{'""·.rnl �tt ·r, .read your
n of the month in which you
mailidg label for the abbreviRti
will receive your final issue."
'I'IIE
LNTERESTED
"If you are one
of the
READ"E
R
ASKS ,
forgotten Indians
to renew your subscription- Editor's note ) ,
hear from you.
work,
Je would like to know about your fa�ily,
things,
and your Indian
longer.
who are
Indians.
(you do not need
we would like to
your
so you won't be forgotten any
We as read rs of the Maine Indian Newsletter are
Indians and those wto are very much inter�sted in
So we need
enough to keep
on
those
to know about you to keep us interested
s11bs�rihj ng and reading.••
"
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�DIOCESE OF PORTLA��
INDIAN SCliO LARSiiIPS
Since early Spring is the proper
time for students and their parents
to make school and college plans for
n ext Spetember, it may be helpful to
clarify questions about the scholar
ship aid provided by the Diocese of
Portland.
Diocesan scholarships do not
cove:P tuition costs.
(There are a
large number of tuition scholarships
available to Maine Indians, and the
Diocesan Division of Indian Services
will aid Indian students in obtain
ing these scholarships). Diocesan
scholarships cover the costs of room,
board, books, and other expenses not
normally covered by other scholar
ships.
Students who are residents of
an Indian Reservation in Maine are
eligible for Diocesan scholarship
aid.
The amount of aid granted to
any student is bases upon students
financial need.
Most .schools and
colleges want the student, or his
parents, to carry some of the costs
of his own education, so the Dio
cese asks that the student or his
parents pay something, even if it
is a very•sruall amount, to�ard
school costs.
The more financial
ability a family has, the more of
the cost of education we ask them
to carry. Only in this way can Dio
cesan scholarship funds aid the max
imum number of students.
Students wishing to apply for
scholarships from the Dioc2se should
write or call:
Diocesan Division
of Indian Services, 317 Congress St.,
Portland, Maine 04112. Tel. 7'15-56J l
Or speak to their pastor.
Make your planR as early as
possible, since scholarship-funds
may be completely taken-up by late
summer!
( 2)
LEGEEND OF MOLLY OCKETT
Molly Ockett was born in Fryeburg
in 1715
an Indian princess of the
Algonquin Nation. She was a great
traveler. Her favorite beat NaS from
Andover to Bethel and down to Paris,
l-1aine, along what is now known as the
'
Molly Ockett Trail on Route 26, a part
of Longfellow Trail from Boston to
Canada.
Once, in the wintertime, Molly
started from Andover to Paris Hill,
carrying a treasure of gold. The
traveling was very hard and when she
reached Trap Corner, she re�lized the
weight was too hard for her. Con
sequently, she buried the gold and
hung a bear trap to mark the spot.
This is ho1 TRAP CORNER got its name.
Molly didn't find refuge until
she reached Paris Hill in one of the
finest faruilies of the State of Maine.
There was a sick baby in the house.
Here Molly prov�d her trµe worth by
helping nurse th baby. She saved his
life and then pronounced a blessing
on the little one with the prophecy
that one day he would be a GRY.:AT MAN .
He actually lived to become VICL PRESI
DENT O.F' TliE UNIT8D STA'l'ES,
nder FRESP
D'ENT ABRAHAi LINCOLN.
This man was
HANNIBAL HAMLIN, of Paris Hill, Maine !
--
LESSON III
"A few hundred years ago there
/
were no white people in this country._
The only inhabitants of the United
States were the Indians. These In
dians usually lived in small bands
and wandered about from place to place.
They lived mostly by hunting and fish
ing. They were often quarrelsome.
Some of the different tribes or bands
had settled homes and were partly civ -
ilized, but most of them were wander
ing savages who did nothing to develop
this great country." This statement
appears on Page 17 of the Twenty-Five
"Stone-age people who were to be Lessons in CITIZENSHIP, by D. L.Hennessey,
come American Indians began entering
Citizenship Teacher and Director of
America at least 10,000 years ago."
Adult Education, Berkeley, California,
(Quoted from Britannica Junior EncyCit�zenship Department, Evenipg High
clopaedia, Vol. 8/IJ Page 52, IndianR, School of Com'merce, San Franciscq,
(Continned on page 4)
North American)
�(3)
E D I T 0 R I A L S
THE MAINE IND IAN NEHSLE TTER
EDITOR:
(�s.) Eugenia T. Thompson
(penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the following address;
Maine Indian Newsletter
42 Liberty Street
Gardiner, Haine
Tel. 582-5435
04345
THE NECESSARIES OF LIFE
';It is very strange to us that now the Truck Master is come away, the
Door is fast, the Key is turned on the Lock, and we cannot get anything
now, nor can our Wives and Children get the Necessaries of Life."
(Saguaarum alias for Loron) Penobscot delegate to the signing of
Gov. Dummer Treaty held at Falmouth, July 11th, 1727.
We all have been made aware that the Indian Department needs
$50,000 appropriated by the 104th Leoislature in order to break
even at the end of this fiscal year, June 30, 1969.
Some say Commissioner Hinckley has overspent his budget, but
others will tell you this is not quite true. lbey will say if we cut out
ALL services to the Indians starting in a month or two the Department
will break even.
The difference is this:
(1.) You can starve the Indians all at once or
(2 .) If you had started earlier, back when Mr . Hinckley first talked
to Gov. Curtis about the problem, you could have starved the Indians
little by little all winter long. You could have stopped buying warm
clothing when it started getting cold and you could have cut every
one's fuel supply in half.
Some time ago, it appears, Commissioner Hinckley told Governor
Curtis of the problem and the Governor said he did not want to cut
This was about the time most seasonal employment
back in services.
was over and winter was setting in.
The real problem is not an accounting problem, but rather that not
enough money was appropriated in the first place to meet the needs.
To ex
plain first, everyone verbal about it agrees that Hinckley did not misspend
or misappropriate any of the funds. He spent Department funds as they should hav�
been spent. Had he cut back fifty thousahd dollars worth, a great many needs
would not have been met.
A different accounting system ould not have solved the problem, it would
have shown only that the needs were not being met and that some Reservation
Indians were going to bed hungry.
It may be true that a few Indians have misused their funds, just as a few
Governors, Legislators and presidents over the years have misused theirs, but
for the most part the lI!Oney is meeti.ng needs and giving a helping hand when
it is needed.
Rather than tell Hinckley what he did was "near defiance", why wasn't it
said, "Hinckley, we did not intend to meet the needs of the Indians, what we
intended was to meet most of the ne�cls of the Indians. ;i Probably the reason
is tha� it was generally thought the budget would meet the basic needs of the
Indians by some, while others are rr.P.rely trying to come out smelling like
a rose, no matter what the loss. Eut when costs increase and deaths are
more numero113 and the population inc.r.eases we must be realistic and ack.nm.; l edt :·
that something must give. I'd be willing to bet that 90 percent of the b�.iur0··
r:rets in Augusta would have cut bEtcl·. with out even trying to nbtai1Lthe
f·�cr:tiiued o.. pag� 10, sc �o:1d coh·li:··.. )
..
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long-time Vqlue to their tribe. In
dians have bLcn � r: �lcct�d.;i��ri�¥�
'for so .lsr:t:; th-;t .,.ost of thi..:1 :·h,_vc fop
botten their own history and heritage,
and in the case of the Penobscots,
many of their records and artifacts
have become scattered, hidden and for
gotten in attics and cellars and neg
leEted library corners throughout the
state.
The Tljoreau cabin, and assoc
iated museum whi�h will be built near
by, will attract these it�ms back onto
the Reservation.
The combination of
a library with these �rtifacts and
historical records, will develop in
terest and pride among the younger
Indians, as iell as the older ones to
remember, and record on tape, their
tribal family histories and customs,
and music and other arts, and pass
it all on to the younger tribe members
as visual and audio records in the
Cabin library.
The library in the cabin will
be set up to interest all ages, from
children to adult r searchers of a
banaki history and of Thoreau in Maine.
Many items have already be ·n contributed
to the library.
Your Headquarters,
at "Thoreau Carry", is collecting and
storing books, pauphlets and other
materials for th� Cabin library. Send
along any matGrials you would like to
donate.
The Univ�rsity of r1aine librarian,
Dr. Jam0s C. MacCampbell, is cooryerating
with the setting up of the Cabin library.
Mrs. Lucille T. Perodeau, Head of the
Reference Division of the Raywond Fogler
Library at th� University of Maine,
has offered to volunteer her services
in aise bling and cataloguing the cabin
library. It is hope that in time a
Penobscot Indian 1vill l::ecome a trained
librarian and can take over full sup
ervision of the Thoreau-Polis Meraorial
Cabin library.
THOREAU.:;POLIS MEMORJ hT, CAB IN
We hope to get the cabin built
this coming spring and suli1fuer.
Then put
Plans are under way to erect
the library together during the fall
a Walden Pond cabin on Indian Island
ay Old Town, Maine, in honor of Thor and winter so that both building and
library :vill b� r.� .dy f o.r forii1al d0d
eau and his fa�orite Indian, Joe
The dedication
ication in May, 1970.
Polis.
The cabin will be used to
ceremonies, which will include costumed
house a Thoreau and Penobscot Indian
dances and other ceremonials by the
library.
The Indians have a very
active Council, and Housing AuthorJty, PenohA�o I: r1n<i Pa A samrtquoddy tribes, '
(Continued o'n l")ag� 5, colur.m 2')
¥hich are interested in projects of
(Continued from page 2)
and Supervisor of Citizenship Class
es� Northern California.
Revis d by
Thomas B. �ichardson, Attorney at Law,
Oakl1and, California. Seventy-ninth
Edition.
"This text represents a foul slan
der against the native peoples of
this country.
The book in which this
np ears is now in its 79th printing.
Tbousands of ali�ns are b ing taught
The Big L ie about the .Awerican Indian.
To recount the contributions of
the natives to the econo1ny of the
entire world ·.vould take a book. Did
the Indians "wander about from place
.to place"? No, they generally liv d
in established territories, had ho�es,
took care of forests, used irrigation.
any tribes used for�s Gf agricul
ture. Where they "often quarrelso e11?
They were generally peaceloving peo
ples, except when their lands were
taken, their homes and food stores
destroyed. War took place finally,
iri defense of their ho· 1eland.
Were the Indian people "wander
ing savages who did nothing to dev
elop this great coun ry?"
'Vhite
foreigners took over a land criss
croEsed by remarkable trails, whose
forests knew no fires, rhere the
earth was cherished. They fed the
so-called P�lgrims, to be repaid with
maAsacres.
They led the Whites
through dangerous mountains and for
ests to safety.and new homes.
These brazen falsehoods, taught
to those who seek to find a hone here,
is part of the Shame of Ar:erica. 11
(Reprinted by permission of the Amer
ican Indian Historical Society, The
Indian Historian, Copyright 1968�
.
�vinte-r- 19b"8-,- ·VOTume 1, Nuri1ber 5.)
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( Continued from page 4)
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
will be part of the Maine Sesquicenten
Dear Mrs •. Thompson:
nial Celebration of 1970.
l'/e have placed the Maine Indian
Other ceremonies will take place
Newsletter on our free mailing list.
around the same time, including a
At a meeting of our Board of
special service at the graves of Joe
Directors last week, we showed all
Polis and his wife , Mary, who are bur
17 Directors present a copy of your
ied in the center of the res�rvation.
publication. All of us are impress
It is hoped there will be a Thoreau
ed by what you have done, and would
Festival at the Univ0rsity of Maine
like to tndicate our satisf�ction
at the same tiue.
with your work.
I am sending you
(Reprinted from the Thoreau Journal,
a file of the past four issues, and
VolUL1e I, No.l , January 15, 1969, with
you will be receiving The Indian His
permission, Copyright, January 15, 1969)
torian, as well as other publications
we issue from time to time.
THOREAU-POLIS .-lEMORIAL CABIN FUND
for
If there is anything we can do
for you to further your work, it will
Indian Island, Old Town, Maine
be our pleasure to do it.
We notice that you rep ; inted one Donor Na �
of our articles, through the Indian
You are pperfedtly free to
Record.
Street
!'<'priu
rovidca 'nu C'l' ke
:..rbic 1- s,
Zip
State
the following state ent to protect
Town
our auth o rs and the Society:
''Reprint-Mail to:
ed by per m i s sion of the American InHelen Goslin, Tribal Clerk, Penobscot
dian Historical Society, The Indian
Council, Indian Island, O,� Town, Maine
� is t o r:�, copyd p;ht 1 r,_-:::- [whateve1·
04468
the date C1t::iy be).11
The Thoreau Fellowshi p, P.0.551
or to :
Yours is t he only publication
Old Town, Jain.e 04468
which has been given t h i s privilege.
Donations for Indian Reservation Tri bal
We wish you and yours all the
Property are tax exempt.
best in the work you are doing and
personally as well.
In the Sept./Oct•. issue
It seems to us,
(Ed. Note:
from t his side of the continent that
of the Maine Indian Newsletter, Vol.3,
this next year is a year of decision
Number. 2, �e reprinted a letter that
for all our people. Certainly some
Governor John Mitchell received f rom
important events are in the ma k i ng .
Mrs. Mary P. Sherwood, Executive Sec
In any cace,
e are prepared to do
retaty of the Th0r02u International
our part.
The opportunity to do
Fellowship.
Very sincerely yours,
something tangible has now arrived,
and f i n a ncing can be done through the
Thank you. )
npon a ove.
RUPERT COSTO, a Cahui 11 :1.
man
President
_
J.we:d r,�r Jnrii .:3U His to1·j
The Chautauqua House
en
1
�oci cty
I am most happy to become a contributing
member but it cuts a bit to put my "x"
I am 1/64, if
in the Non-Indian slot.
that, and my hair, blue eyes and fair
skin say 11white-uJan11 but in my heart I
Dear Mrs, Thompsofi'7
know that my b e lov e d ancestor Peter
This past �eek I received
p
�ith for whom I am �awed and wh � fought
f the Maine Indian Newsletter r
o
� n the great revolution or Americ �n
o '·mmi r.r.i.nner Ed: :fi; llcl�ley,
wt;-:fr.h resiil.r.,..\·n, _ i ndepe� de nce took unto himself a wife,
minded me t.hat I have not ye
an In ian wo.aan of the Abnake people
ed to your pubJ ication and I had inback in the 1700 s.
tended to some time back.
Y � u might � reject a bit of how
Enclosed in my check for 15•00
I f�el if lfOU th i n � ahaad a few
and the requested subs rj tion form.
( r, ml ti ttr• li P n r-"' ge 6 , co 1 umn 1 )
1451 Masonic Avemie,
San Frarcisco, Ca. 94117
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continued from page 5
generations to what your own child
ren may feel if some of th m are f orc
ed to say, "Yes, I am white. rr There
are two sides to every coin.
I envy
the dark hair, eyes and skin of my
dear cousins on my mother's side but
I do not envy them the feelings of
my own heart about Indinness. So, :�
you of the great Tribes who are "in",
please be gentle with those who are
" out" but who have hearts with yours
all the way.
The D ecember issue of the News
letter is great.
You do a noble job
little lady and I know The People
are proud of you.
Yes, by all means,
everyone should read The N�� Indians
by Stan Steiner, Harper & Rowe, 1968.
The New Day truly is here.
This will
be truly J, New Raceof Men 1
My job as Director for OPERATION
MAINSTREAM for the U.S. Department
of Labor is a good one and the part
I like best that I have two American
Indian Aides, one Penobscot and one
1Pa s s;:i.maquoddy with another now being
hired. What Mr. Steiner says in his
book
is exactly what Mainstream
, should be. We will do out best to
make-:it just that.
My congratu1ations to you for
the fine job you are doing.
Keep it
up, it is munh needed in these Days.
Sincerely
Peter Smith Terry
Hampden Highlands, Me.
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is a member of the DAI (Descendents
of American Indians) and also inter
ested and has quite a library.
Mrs. Horr said that they would
b0 very wuch intereste� in a copy.
Thank you and all good luck in
your work.
Sincerely
(Mrs.) Gertrw�e S. i'-'IcClintock
Rochester, N. H.
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Dear Mrs. Thompson,
I have a sister living in Manila,
P.I.
Her husba.nd is stationed there
and I ff.now she wo�ld enjoy receiving
the Newsletter. She gets quite home
sick at times. The Newsletter will
probably help cheer her up. Here is
her address. She's of this tribe (Pen
obscot) .
S?Sgt & hrs. Gerado F.
Pardilla
I thank you very much.
Mrs. Josie Neptune
Old To n, Haine
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Dear Mrs. Thompson,
I and my family ould like to
wish you Happy New Year, also your
family and readers.
My family and I have enjoyed
Maine Indian Newsletter these last few
months. It has kept us up to date o�
Indian news in Maine and other parts of
our Country and also in Canada.
It has also helped me these pass
weeks trying to put out a small News
letter for our little club. My me�bers
are interested in the Maine Indians
as well as the Navajos and Sioux which
we will re helping.
Dear Editor:
/
Since our club is so small, we
I am enjoying my subscription
are going to do our very pest to help
to your paper very much au ry hobby
our Maine 1lission1s. It may not be
is in learning about the history,
much for our �aire Indians and for Red
culture, and welfare of the North
Cloud Mission in South D akota and the
�mP.rican Indians.
Navajo Mission, Inc. in New Mexico.
I do send clothing to an Indian
mission and am now sponsoring a second But we do hope it will help a little.
We are still looking for a small
Che�okee child in Oklah ma.
child on Indian Island that could use
Oddly enough one girl is now
a little love and help.
The child can
married to a full blnoded Cherokee
be about fiye or six or may be under.
in Thalequa, Okla. whose name is
And the child could be visited once
Raymond Hair.
in a while. If any readers know of
Would you please send him a
complimentary copy of your Newslet�er. such a child on the Island please write
His address is
Mrs. Thompson if you think that
Will yrn1 aJso p J ea s e send a com
we could help the Maine Indians by
plimentary copy to the following
(<>rnti nn <l on r v� 7' column l.)
H e ( Mr. Ererard L. Horr)
address·
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(Letters
continued from page 6)
to kno.: about the culture and the hiswriting letters.
I would be most
Could you please direct me to
tory.
pleased to do so.
sources of information from the Indian
I will tell you that I have
Our small Newsletter will be out people.
soon and we hope that you will like it.very little faith in what the wLite
A very Happy New Year to all of
man has to say about anything, Indians
you, from a.ll of us.
�fould you please te 11
in particular.
LONE EAGLE CLUB
we· what has been happening to my peoMad· lene Ames-Lewiston,Maine
ple government wise, economically and
11
Gladys Goodwin11
culturally.
Nancy McFeaters-Annville, Penna
I will appreciate any informatiotj
Ado�ph Steckc-Marinette, .iis.
you can give me.
Viola Wadsworth-Alµy, W. Va.
Thank you
Dianne Hazard
##
Dear Jean,
Berkeley, Calif.
I just realized that I won't be
Dianne, I hope that you
(Ed. Note:
receiving January's copy of the News- will a�oid the Twenty-Five Lessons in
letter so please renew my subscripCitizenship, an as to your in�cr0st
'
tion.
in the Penobscot Indians, we are pleased.
The reindeer burgers that you
Our Maine State Library and Museum has
gave the recipe for in Nove1nber must
books and collections of the 1"-aine Inhave be�n delicious although I had
dians should you want to inquire there
some difficulty in finding a reindeer. at the State House, Augusta, Maine.
PlP:,ase advise!
It sounds as though you havt) a nice
(Ed. Note: "Because
of their value as food, the United
little outline for an essay. We wodd
States imported a small herd of reinbe interested in reading or iiearing
�e are sending you a copy
deer lnto AlaAka in 1889.
Other herds from you.
the Maine Indian Newsletter .)
of
The reindeer
were bro1ght in later.
J1ave thriven so well they number
''All history of the subject goes
mary hundred thousand head.
It is
even ex�ected that a packing industry tn prove, that when fi�st visited by
civ.lized people, the Awerican Indians
may some day be built upon reindeer
have been found friendly and hospitable
meat.
It is said to have a fine
from the days of Christopher Colmibus
flavor." From Brittanir.a Junior Ency
cl9p•.�Q.ia, 7o1.J7/RS, c.1965, page57 )
to the �ewis and C�r..k E�p·· dition
Serjn11sJy, your publication has
and so also have a great many other
a success story.
Nowhere,
For the Senior Plaj
travelers, includi:1g wY.self,
this year we're doing a western and
to my knowledge, have they stolen a
I've decided to have the Indians re
six-pence worth of my rroperty, though
placed by bad white men.
in their countries there are no laws
You j st
never know your influence.
I have visited
to punish for theft.
I was delighted to hear about
the forty-eight different tribes, and
a new arrival in April - if it's a
I feel authorized to say that the North
girl, how about naming it Sioux?
American Indian in his native state
(Ed. Note: Sue was a roommate of mine is honest, hospitable, faithful, brave
at Gordon College, and we are think
and an honorable and religic�s humm
ing of naming our third papoose Sus�n
he.ing.11
.
Per haps we co11ld name her Penob"'cot,
and again,
with Scottie as her rickn�me
"I love a people who have always
)
Say "Hi11 to the deputy commiss
made �e welcome to the best they had
ioner awi t<'ll':"� care.
who are honest without laws, who have
who never
.ovj np.;ly
no jails and no poor house
who
Sue 'Trafton) Lost Tribe take the name of God in vain
New Bedford, Mass.
are free from eligious animosities
who worship God without a Bible, and
! !
l'Par Gir,
I believe that God 11 ves them also
I am interestAn jn the ways of
who have never rai�ed a hand against
the !J131vil:Jr.<:o': ft<!' I•l A ,,ri,1 T
(('••lltjllllf"'ll Prl r:-\ge 8, CO}llmn 1)
l 0
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2. The Public Works and F.conomic Dev
elopment Act of 1965 is administered
by The Econo,.tic Development Adminis
tration, within the U,S. De· t. of Co�11erse. The Economic Development Ad1'1.inistration (EDA) has an ;'Indian
desk" for projects on Indian reserv
ations, headed by Mr. Ray E. Tanner,
assisted by r1r. Wyman l'icDonald (who
attended the Housing Authority meet
ing on Noveillber 20
196J).
Mr. Jerome
Barnett is the EDA Economic Develop
ment Specialist for Maine, with offices
in Augusta. Mr Arthur Doyle is the
Director of E DA1s Northeast Regional
Off�ce (New York and New England) w1th
offices in Portland.
Letters to Mr.
Tanner or Mr. McDonald should have
letters
copies sent to 'ir. Barnett;
to Mr. Doyle should be s nt to Mr.
Barnet for forvarding
3. In order to qualify for EDA's pub
lic �orks grants (&s for sewage and
water construction) a corrllimnity must
trlrH! ..
be designated as a redevelopment area.
On July 22, 1968 the Department wrote
Ceo� ns greetings to a friend
Mr. Barnett, requesting inforraation
E genia ihompson
about how the Penobscot Reservation
from
could receive this redevelopment de
Ray and Christine
signation.
Fadden
5. We learned that to�come designated,
an area first had to be accepted as
qualified for designation. To become
SIXTEEN FACTS ABOUT EDA
qualified, we submitted the best avail
The f ollowlng fact sheet was dis able information of such items as pop
trj b 1ted to the Pqnobscot Governor,
ulation, estimated �edian Penobscot
his Council and the �ousing Authority income, unemployL.Ient figures, e
tc.
at the January 8 housing authority
These figures were Jcrgely estimates,
but they were accepted, and on Decem
meeting.
ber 23, 1 968 a letter t1o the DepartOn Monday, February 3, Jerome
ment from Mr. Tanner reported that
Barnett from EDA along with Commiss
these figures had been "accepted for
ioner Hinckley and Mr. Thompson will
the purpose of qualifying the reser
attend a Penobscot Tribal meeting.
v ation11 under the Public Jorks and
to answer questions and discuss How
Economic Development Act of 1965.
EDA can benefit the t ribe and to ex
plain more about the OEDP.
6.
In order for the Penobscot Reser
vation fa receive the redevelopment
.Fact Sheet
1. The Public 1·orks and Economj� l>e•r tle:r.i g1J;:iti..on, the Tribal Council must
send.:
elopment Act of 1965 author�zes the
1.
"A letter to t he Assistant
U.S. Secretary of Commerce to "ri1ake
Secretary of Commerce requesting
direct grants for the acquisition,
designA.tion."
construction, rehabilitation, altera
2. "An Overall Econoraic Develop
tion, expansion or improvement of
ment Program (OEDP) submitted to
such facilities, including related
and approved by our Portland Area
machinery and equipment, within a
Office Director," (Mr. Doyle)
1111nd r certain
redevelopment area
(Continued on page 9, Column 1)
·conditions.
·
(Letters
continued from page 7)
-�, or stolen my
roperty, where there
was no law to punish either
who
never fought a battle with white 1Hen'
except on their own ground
and oh!
now I love a people who don't live
for the love of money."
The above is George Catlin's
opinion of the Indians of America.
In 'i842 George Catlin, the painter,
went west and wandered and lived aloiie
among forty-eight tribes for eight
years. Those he visited were the
unchanged Indians of the Plaine, in
the days when they were still living
in the pri litive elegance of their
original culture, before the white
man's civilization had been imposed
upon them.
He lived with them and
became conversant with their lives.
Re has left one of the fullest and
b€ffit records we have of the Red Man
as he lived in the days before he
was changed by contact with the white
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7. Our
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8)
main reason fur feeling that
redevelopment d·signation would bene-
fit the Penobscot Housing Authority
and Tribe is that such designation
would permit the federal share of
5-8
On pages
of Corruaerce.
a §Uggeste<l
for an .OEDP is described.
outline
should contain six sections:
I.
Organization-
II.
The Redevelopment Area
III.
your water and sewage construction
projects to be increased.
In other
Area Goals
and Its Econoiity
Development of Action Programf
IV.
words,,the presently available state
funds for these projects (E63,000)
It
V.
Responsibility
Program Evaluation
VI.
will go further if the federal �are
11.
Most of this mate�ial is descrip
of the costs could be increased by
tion and the Department, Mr. Hasbrouck
EDA from the normal 50% to 70% or more.and others can help write this up for
(The Passamaquoddy Reservations are in your approval (and-the eventual approva redevelopment area - �ashington
al by the Council, before it is sub-
County - and the federal share of
their sanitation projects is between
70% and 80%.)
In addition, there
are other benefits that would help
the Tribe later, if the Reservation
becomes disignated as a redevelop! ent
area, in terns of .. econon1ic develop-
rnent, comn1unity b ildings, r ecreation
facilities, etc.
But what we're mainly interested in right now is stretching our saLitation money as far as
All of the planning work
mitted.)
already done by the Housing Authority
will be most important to the OT"WP.
1 2.
more informcollected for the
iain area where
The
ation needs to be
OEDP is section II
- the Redevelopment
One of the parts
Area and Its Economy.
of this section is about the population
Population
and labor force of the area.
information
(which could be
from the Tribal Census)
obtained
needs to be
rnssible (and stretching any addition- broken down by age groups (0-14, 15- 24,
al sanitation money we way get
25-44, 45-64, 65 and over) and by sex.
from
the �AgjR]�ture.)
Labor force information needs to
13.
8. The imp�r.qnt next step is for
show how many people over 14 are workthe Hoi1cing Authority to prepa
ing:full or part-time, or looking for
re the
Overall Economic Development Progr
the
how many are unemployed;
work;
am
(OED P) which the Trjbal C u
skills, age and education of people
o ncil could
t en submi� (if it wished) along
the percent of
who are unemployed;
.
with the required lett
e
er to the Assis- umemployed people who have b en unem
t ant Secretary of Commerce.
ployed more thail 1 year or less than
The re is
no point in 1ilnldng the request until
tc.
3 months;
�
the OEDP is ready to go in too.
9. The OEDP is "the docuL1ent submitted to the SDA describing the local
c�oi.<)mi c.
development program at a
given point of time."
The "develop-
ment
program" is a description of
what is pJ�nned"to create
new economic
c i ity arid improve community
�
� �
facilities and services.
The OEDP
"
must be s u b mi t t e d within 6
months
from the time a notifination
was vcceived that an area is qualifie
d.
In our case, this
ot;jfjcation was
received
vlously,
on December
23, 1968.
for Ovc::r!l 1 J
grams"
cr1pjes of "Guide
EcrJl11.rn i r. T·•:, � 1c•i•UL'-..�1-. .1.·-....
prepared
by the TT .�1. no pt.
·
location and types of jobs involved;
wage rates;
from
$3,000
(under $3,000.
$4,999, $5,0 0 - to $9,999:
farni;Ly income
to
amount of education;
etc.);
etc.
1 5.
Perhaps this type of statistical
infor1 ation cou�d be collected on a
i..-..· Jith a simple
housc-to .. house ,
hich the Housing Au�hority
(assisted by the VISTAs?) could take
around.
If this is what you decide you
want to do,
�ent,
Ob-
Author..i.ty)
Labor force information also should
for employed people - the
include -
q uestinnaire,
etc.
Mr.
16.
Hasbrouck,
the Depart-
would be happy to help you
prepare a questi
the sooner the OBDP is submittcd and a pp r ov ed , th� better.
•Ne a r e lea 11 .in� with you (the
lC •
How:;irg
14.
naire.
There will be various other steps
required of the Tribe an,d the Housing
Authority before the actual application
_
for redevelopment designation can be
nqhr11itted,
(C11nt-;rn-\o•l
but it would seem that a
')Jl
paf;t
lll7
col1rn1n
1)
�(10)
continued frofil page 9)
first ste p will be to colle ct the
statistics �eede d on population anC
labor force .
Kenneth C. Thornpson
Deputy Commissioner
(FACTS
.
•
•
EDITORIAL Continued from page 3.)
the extra money to do a minimum job.
The Penobscot and Passamaquoddy are
:� �
captured nations just as Japan and Germany
once were.
Only the Indians were stripped
of their land and their fore
their liveli-
hood and made dependent on their white
capturers.
AMERICAN IND IAN CALE:tffiAR
by
Tillie Walker
Then white man's laws were
passed preuenting the Indian from hunting
the game that was his sustenance.
Thus over the years the Indian has
become more and more dependent on the white
The name of the months in this
man and his legislature for his basic needs
unique 0alendar comes f rom the AssiniThen three years ago we were appointed
The calendar
oir e Tribe of Montana.
. Comn:.iesioner Hinckley to stand up for us.
has as its motif this year, dolls
Over a year ago Mr. Hinckley told
and figurines by the Ame rican Indian
the legislature how much money uould be
and the Eskitilo Indian.
needed to carry out a minimum program, b:.it
Copies of the Ame rican Indian
thinking of Indians the samy way they
r,a] Pn<iar can be obtained by writi11g
thought of bricks and cement, they cut
to P.O. Box 181+21, Capitol Hill Station , back., Hinckley could have stayed within
;ki1' 0r-, Colorado 80218
Price 1>2.50
ere told
this budget, he still can, if he
.
•
T
���ter� - Half-way mark of
severe cold we�the r
Long Day Moon - Days lengthe n
in this moon
Sore Eye Moon - Snow blindness
is couunon in .his period
Frog's Moon - The croaking of
the frog is hear�
Idle Moon - The winter seaRon
is over
there is pause before
summer begins
Full Leaf Moon - All leaves
reach their full growth
Red Berrie s Moon - Red Berrie �
reach their maximum brj11'ance
Black.Cherries Moon - Choke
cherries ripen
Yellow Leaf Moon - The leave s
turn different hues of yellow
and red
The Striped G ?_Bher__ s>_9�_ Back L.
Summerlike days when the goprAr
comes out to have his final look
at the fine weather
Frost Moon - The heavy frost
cove rs the leafless trees, bush
es and landscape
the early
r
morning air glistens as the sun
rises
Center Moon's Youn� Brother the young moon is cfj ll gi-ng - ...
his trotber� Center Hoon
•
•
•
•
•
July, but
to cut out all services �ill
this would not solve the problem, only
the facade around it.
The past two legislatures have provide'
funds for s�me good programs for the
Reservation Indians, to put them on their
feet again.
Let� not succumb now.
"The Cold iJind blows through the
cracks in our home, and 9ur cupboards
yield little more than the wind. :i
"Children, be brave and stop shiver
ing while there is hope':
11Grandmother, do not shed tears,
nor pity our dependent state while there
is hope.
:i
11There is hope that the Cold Hind
from the North will ease and soon will
bring to us whispers of Spring, of Growth
of Renewal, of Life, of Food • • • "
I wonder what Louis Jalbert is eat
ing ton:i_ght?
•
RESERVA TION NEHS
1
y<••\r
(We are still hoping for news from
t-'ril>� ;:\9 we p,< t-o press.
Ed. Note.)
�( ll )
YOUTH TOLD TO DEF INE OWN ILLS , THEN ACT
Canada ' s Ind ians mu s t s t art recogn i z i ng their own prob lems in s t ead of
ac cep t ing as d i f f i cu l t i e s wha tever whi te exper t s t e l l them has to be corr e c ted .
Thi s i s the view of one of the organ izers of MANY , the Man itoba A s s o c iation of
Nat ive Youth .
The group was incorporated in Winnipeg. e ar l i er this fa l l and is
the f ir s t one of its kind in Canada .
November 9 weekend it he ld i t s f ir s t organizational confe�ence at the
Winnipeg Yl-'ICA .
Thirty de legates from Ind ian and Me t i s young pe ople ' s group s
a cro s s the province at tended .
"He have to define the thing s tha t are wrong with the Ind ian and Me t i s
i n today ' s $ociety our s e lve s and then s t art working o n the prob lems , " Al lan
Char trand , 22, MANY vice -pr e s ident said in an in terview wi th the Winnipeg Tribune .
Why
" There ' s no poin t b l aming the whi t e man for our troub l es a l l the t ime .
no t b lame our s e lves too ? "
To Mr . Char tr and , a former counse lor with the Ind ian and Me t i s Friend ship
Cen ter , the l og i c a l way to ad j u s t cond i tion s and ad j u s t the Ind ian to cont emporary
s o c ie ty i s :
to r e s o lve our d i f f i cu l t ie s among our s e lve s and then t o con fron t the
"
But pre sent Ind ian organ i z a t ions
whi te man and create a meaningfu l d ia l ogue . "
However , dialogue
are l arge ly ou tmoded for thi s purpo s e , Mr . Chartrand s aid .
wi l l come and i t s re su l t s wi l l be po s i t ive .
"For the time being I wou ld s ay we have to go into a kind of separ a t i sm
from Canadian s o c i e ty .
We mu s t find our s e lve s and make sure we ' re no t l o s ing
our cu l tural iden t i ty .
Once we have pre s erved i t , there ' s probab ly going to
be a merger with the mains tream o f Canadian s o c i e ty . "
" There are some ,
What about mi l i tan t Red Power advo cates among Ind ian s ?
of cour s e .
They s ay vio lence i s the only way of get ting yours e l f l i s tened to
the se days .
I don ' t think thi s i s nece s s ar ily so . "
Ind ian re serve s in Canada o f tomorrow w i l l con t inue to ex i s t , Mr . Chartrand
said , "un l e s s t he Ind ian s thems e lve s decide to do away wi th them . "
(From the Ind ian Re cord , Winn ipeg , Canada , December 1 9 6 8 )
·
•
•
•
CALIFORNIA IND !ANS EMPLOYED O N LOCATION FOR NEW FILM
Approxima t e ly 60 Ind ian men , , women and chi ldren from the Ind ian are as in
Southern Ca l i fo rnia , were "on locat ion" for Universa l Stud i o in the Ma l ibu
Moun tains for two days of sho o t ing various s cenes of the mo tion pic ture "Wi l l ie
B oy . "
Comparab le r a t e s (were paid ) for the Ind ian people based on Screen Ac tor s
Gui ld and Screen Ex tra s Gui ld ranging from $ 1 12 per day for special talent to
Arrangement s wer e made with the Ca li fornia Dept . of
$ 29 . 1 5 per d ay minimum .
We l f are to a l l ow we l fare r e c ip ien t s to use their fund s on hou se improvemen t s
Re serva t ion s repre sen ted were Morongo , Soboba ,
w i thou t affe c t ing we l f are che cks .
Torre s -Mar t ine z , Cahu i l l a and Pechanga .
"Wi l l ie Boy" i s the s tudy of an Ind ian who e lud ed po s s e after po s s e acro s s
Actre s s Susan Clark added her touch t o the
t he ho t , wa ter le s s Mohave D e s er t .
rea l i sm of the f i lm by learn i ng many word s in the almo s t -forgo t ten Cahui l la
language .
Her in s truc tor was Cather ine Saubel , a dir e c tor of Morongo Ind ian
Reserva t ion ' s Malki Mu s eum .
A Cahui l l a , she ' s a noted exper t on the tr ibe ' s
h i s t ory , cul ture and l anguage
Chan t s and song s heard in the ba ckground during
Tb� mov l � i s s cheduled for re lease in
the f i e s t a s cene s are sung by Indian s .
1969 .
(From t he Ind ian Record , Washing ton , D . C . , D e cember 1 9 6 8 )
•
•
•
�( 12 )
INDIANS SEEK EDU C ATION AND FREEDOJvI
WATERVIIJ..E - Impro ved educ atio nal oppo rtunit i e s and t he r i ght to govern
thems e lve s a r e the tv.o
sai d Wedne sday .
great est de s i re s of the Indi ans of Maine ,
vat ions partic ipated in a two-day sympo sium. on the
Colle ge he r e .
Faith Counci l at the
sponso red by the
Inter-
co ll ege .
· At a p ane l pro gram Wednesday evening ,
o u r dilemma,
1 1 Go rgotten Ame ri:c an " at Colby
The pro gram was th e thi rd in a s e rie s
Indian To wnship
the Indi an s
Indi an s from bo th the Pas s amaquoddy and the Penob s co t res e r-
John Stevens ,
governor o f ( the )
( Re s ervat io n ) at Pet er Dana Po int , to ld th e audi enc e ,
trying to
" Th i s i s
se ll o u r pro gram t o t h e bure au cr ats in Augu st a . 11
Seven rep r e s e ntatives of the two tri b e s were o n the pane l ,
and they were
in agreement that the two mo st impo r t ant areas to help th e Indian impro ve hi s
lot were improved e du cation and t h e o ppo rtunity fo r e du cation b eyond high s choo l
leve l , and th e p rivi le ge to govern t hem se lve s .
Othe r areas listed as h igh
prio rity it ems we re exte nsion o f wate r and sewe rage line s to the re s e rvatio ns ,
improved medi c al and d ental c ar e and impro ved ho using.
r e serv ati o n s was also d i s cu s se d ,
fir e s .
Fire pro te ction on th e
and t he ne e d fo r improving ways of battling
Fo rmer Penob s co t R e s ervat io n Indian Island Go v . Erne st Go s lin told the
audi e n c e tha t the re seems to be a co nstant e ffo rt "to integrate t he Ind i an with
th e wh i te man .
If you t ake us and throw us into your so ci ety, we will be lo st .
We h av e a fe elin g of
sai d .
se curi ty on our re s erv ations ;
it i s o ur way of life , " h e
H e talk ed o f his e ffo rt s an d tho s e o f other Indian governors to obtain
suppo rt from th e legi sl atur e s and from v arious o t he r agen c i e s con cerned with
Indi an affa i rs .
re sult s .
Go slin s tated ,
"We g e t a lot of lip servi c e s ,
but f ew t an gible
·
Howeve r, we have progre s sed in s pite o f the white man . "
Steven s
stated tha t th e tri bal customs of the Indians
are ve ry impo rt ant to us ; we want to pr e s e rve t hem.
Wayne N ewell ,
a
" and our culture
( Pa s s amaquoddy ) Ind i an currently \\Or king with t he Americ an
Fri en ds Servi c e Comm i tt e e ,
this l an d ,
11
stated th at over many ye ars the whi te man h a s inhabited
th ey h ave tri ed to he lp the Indi an "but th ey have failed .
it i s t im e the Indian h e lped him s e l f . "
I think
Edward H inckle y , c ommi s sio ner o f Indian Affair s for Maine, attended and
part ic ipa t ed in t he two-day pro gram .
Hinck ley expressed ple a sure over the
" numb e r of Ind i an s who took part . "
( From th e Bangor Dail News ,
y
1/9/69 .
Indi ans parti c ipati ng in the program
in additio n to t ho s e mentio ne d inc lud e d Ple asan t Po int Governo r Euge ne Fran ci s ,
Pas samaquo ddy Legi slative Repre sent at iv e Albe rt Dana, Mrs .
woo d Sapi el ,
Mr.
J effrey Go slin and Mr . Raymond
Spang
Albert Dana, Mr .
Lin
(No rth ern Cheyenne ) .
M r . Hinckley and Mr . Loui s Doyl e , Coo r d i nat or of the Dio c e s ean Divi sion of Indian
Servi c e s , conduc t e d semina rs on " Ind ian Affair s from the Perspe c tive of the
Maine Ind i an s , Hinckl ey and Spang pr esent ed a Tue sday evening
Whi t e Bur e au c r at . "
Mo r e th an 200 p eo ple attende d
p ro gram on 11 The Indi ans 1 Burden : The Whi te Man . "
various programs dur ing th e two d a y affai r ; t h e film " The Exi l e s " was also shown ., )
FORD FU ND GRAN TS
The For d Foundation, through it s p re s id en t , M c George Bundy, report s 'grant s
The mone y i s intended to strengthtotal ing $654, 500 to a s si st Amer i c an Indians .
en multitribal o rgan i zations ; fo st e r coop eratio n among Indian le ad e r s , heighten
awarene s s of cultural heri tage and encourage great e r utili z at ion o f o pportuni ti c �
Re cei ving agenc i e s include t he National
for e du c at io n and e co nomi c development .
of Amer i can Ind i an s , the Uni v e r s ity of Alaska, the Alask a Federation of
Congre ss
Nativ e s ,
the C e nt e r fo r th e Art s of Ind i an Ame ri ca and the Citi zens Crus ade
Agains t Pove rty .
( F rom t h e Indian League of t h e Ameri cas News le tter ,
De c ember 1968 )
�( 13)
BLANCHE NICOLA BECOME S BRIDE OF KENTUCKY MAN
OLD TOWN - S t . Ann ' s Church , Ind ian I s land , was the s e t ting for the
January 1 0 wedding o f Mi s s B lanche Nicho l a , daughter of the Ralph An thony
Ni co las , to Phi l l ip Raymond Lancas ter , son of Mr . and Mr s . Franc i s B . Lancas ter
of Loui sv i l l e , Ky .
Performing the ceremony was the Rev . Romeo S t . Pierre .
Solo i s t was Yrl s s
There s e Sappier and organ i s t Mr s . Raymond Chare t te .
Mr . Ni co la gave h i s daugh
ter · in marr iage .
The br idge wore a whi te s a t in brocade gown and shou lder
l eng th ve i l a t tached to a mat ching p i l lb ox .
She carried whi te carna tions and
red r o s ebud s .
She wore a
Mr s . Suzanne Loui s e Greenan of Bangor was ma id of honor .
long b lue s a t in bro cade gown with ma tching bow headpie ce .
She carr ied whi t e
and p ink carna t ion s .
Grayden L . Lo lar of O l d Town w a s b e s t man . , A reception
was he ld at the Ind i an I s land Tr ib a l Hal l .
As s i s t ing were Mrs . Wa le t ta Bear ,
Mr s . Avi s Cox , Mi s s Faye B i sulca and Mi s s Mi ldred Lo lar .
Mr s . Lancas ter a t tended John Bap s t High School and graduated from Ayer
High Scho o l .
She at tende d Beal Busines s Co l lege and is emp loyed at Tr i -Northern
Denta l Lab or ato�y .
The groom gradu a t e d from Shawne High Schoo l , L�u i sv i l le ,
and served 4 year s in the Air For c e .
(From t he Bangor Dai ly New s , 1 / 1 9 / 6 9 )
IND IAN TOHNSHIP WOMEN ' S CLUB F ORMED
On W edne sd ay , De cember 4 , the �omen l s Club o f Ind ian Town ship wa s formed .
The mee t ing was he ld at the s choo l at Pe ter Dana Po int .
E l e c ted to offices
were : Anna Harno i s , Pre s iden t ; Ele anor Mi tche l l , Vice Pre s ident ; Joan Dana ,
8Pcrer �ry ; Irene Newe l l , Trea surer ; and Phi l omene Dana , Progr am Organ i zer .
Member s pre sen t were : Fanny Newe l l , Gloria So ckab a s i n , Bernade t t e Lo la ,
Mary Lou Tomah , Chr i s t ine Sockaba s in , E l i zab e th Sopie l , Margery LaCo o te and
Haz e l Sockaba s in .
The mee t ing s w i l l b e he ld regu lar ly on the f ir s t Wedne sday o f every month �
The nex t mee t ing , however , wi l l be he ld at the Calai s Federa l Build in g on Tue s
day , D ecemb er 1 0 .
(From The Wigwam , 1 2 / 6 / �8 )
MAS S . INDIANS PLIGHT S TIRS DOLAN
IPSWICH
Rep . John F . Do lan , R-Ipswich , has de c ided i t is t ime to
end d i s cr imina t ion again s t the Ameri can Indian s and in a leg i s l ative package
he c a l l s for e s t ab l i shme n t of a (Ma s s�chu se t t s ) s tate Ind ian Af fair s Bureau .
Dolan s aid the main pur p o s e of the b i l l would be to s e t up an agency
which wou ld b e t ter provide for the need s of impoverished Indians , many of whom
are l iv ing f ar be l ow current pover ty leve l s .
If h i s b i l l shou ld win support ,
D o lan said the bureau then could look into a l l of the o ld charters and tre a t ie s
from Colonial t ime s on to d e t ermine whe ther t h e set t lers and the ir d e s cendan t s
have truly l ived u p to the agreeme n ts over the year s .
The· Ipswich le g i s lator has v i s i ted Gay Head and has seen f ir s t hand the
l iv ing condi tions o f the rema ind e r o f the Ma s hpe� Tribe .
He s aid he is con
cerned a l s o with the tre at i e s which were s igned and sealed when Mas sachu s e t t s
and Maine d ivided into two .s tat e s .
He bel ieve s tha t even though there i s an
Ind ian Af f air s Bure au nat iona l ly , much good could ar ise from a bureau on the
s tate l eve l .
The Ind ians have appear ed b e fore the leg i s lature asking f or recogni t ion
and benef i t s which should have ac crued to them un d er t reatie s s igned in Colonial
t ime s .
Their cond i t ion has been cal lP.d d e g r a d ing , and for years they have
been treated as s e cond - c l a s s c i t i z en s .
· \. Cont inued on Page 14}
-
•
•
•
=
�( 14)
( Cont inued from Page 1 3 )
" A l l the law s , general and s p e c ia l , dea ling w i th the Ind ians i n this
s t a t e should b e reviewed to d e termine whe t her or not the s ta te has l ived up t o
i t s promi s e s , " D o lan d e c lared .
" I t i s true there i s only a sma l l number o f
Ind ians l e f t , bu t w e should treat them w i t h e qu a l i ty , " he added .
(From the Sa lem , Ma s s . , News , 1 2 / 7 / 68 .
In c orr e s pondence with Ma ine ' s
Ind ian Affairs Commi s s ioner Ed;ard Hinc kley , Repre s en t a t ive D o l an wri t e s : " I
hav e b een gre at ly surpr i sed a t the in t er e s t shown in thi s b i l l s ince I filed
He a l s o informed Hinckley
i t and tru s t tha t i t wi l l serve some us eful purpo s e . "
that , in ac cord ance w i th prov i s io n s o f a Ma s sachu s e t t s Re s o lve o f 1 9 38 (Chapter
22) an inve s t igat ion by the S t a te Commi s ioner o f Con s erva t ion (Erne s t J. Dean )
was made r e la t ive to the " so - ca l l ed Poc a s s e t Branch o f the Wampanoag Tribe o f
Ind i an s . "
Dean submi t ted h i s repor t to the Ma s s achu s e t t s Senate in January ,
1 9 39 .
In it he reported on v i s i t s to tr iba l members in the F a l l River - Free
t own area of the s ta t e , ind i c a t ed tha t they he ld " f e e l ing of l ong s tand ing , tha t
they have been d i spo s s e s s e d of their former home s w i thout the ir con sent and
w i t hout proper compen s a t ion , and , in some cas e s , none of any kind . "
D ean con
t ined : " Th e inve s t igat ion ind icated this fee l ing was , t o some ex te n t , jus t ified . "
In an a t tached l eg i s l a t ive propo s a l , Dean submi t ted a dra f t o f a b i l l
whi c h wou ld have e s tab l i shed a n Ind ian r e s erva t ion i n the Free town-Fal l River
S ta t e Fore s t , a s s i s ted in the con s truc t ion of a t r ib a l museum and craft s shops ,
and a s s i s t ed in the cons truc tion of home s for about 1 2 tribal fami l ie s .
It i s n o t b e l ieved that t h i s measure was ever enac t ed ; the New s le t ter ha s
Reader s in ter
no know ledge of a Re s ervat ion for any tribe in Mas s achu se t t s .
e s t e d in the s e mat te r s - par t i cu l ar ly tho s e in Ma s s achuse t t s - are urged to
expr e s s their o pin ions to Rep . D o lan , who may be addre s s ed a t the S ta t e Hous e
i n Bo s t on , o r a t 39 E a s t S tr ee t , I p swich , Ma s s . - Ed . )
MORE ON THE MOHAWKS
MAS SENA , N . Y . (AP) - Mohawk Ind ian s aga in con fron ted Canadian cus toms
o f f ic i a l s Sunday , try ing to g e t free in ternat ional pa s sage guaran teed by the
1 7 94 Jay Treaty .
The Mohawks again were turned down .
As a re su l t they de
c id e d t o s end ano ther d e legat ion to O t t awa to mee t w i th the Canadian Prime
Mini s ter .
The demon s trat ion c ame at the CaP.adian Cu s t oms House on the Internat ional
The cus toms poin t ha s been
Bridge that conne c t s the Uni te d S tat e s and Canada .
the f o cu s of a c on t inuing serie s of move s by the Indi an s , who are try ing to
for c e o f f i c ia l s t o s t o p l evying cus toms dut i e s on the S t . Reg i s Mohawks i
There were two un suc ce s s fu l a t temp t s Sunday to take good s duty -free
a cr o s s the In terna tional Br idge into Canada .
The fir s t a t tempt was made b y
Mohawk prince s s Kahn - t in e t a -horn , a high fashion mode l from t he Mon trea l are a .
l· hen cu s t oms o f f i ce r s t old
She c arr ied gro cer ie s and p er s onal p o s s e s s ion s .
her she had t o pay duty on the good s , the princ e s s repor t e d that und er the
Jay Treaty she was en t it l e d t o take the good s in to Canada wi thout paying duty .
She was turned down .
Later Sunday about 200 o f the Mohawks me t in the Looghous e on the S t . Re�i r
The group inc luded Indian s from Montreal , Algonquin Indian s fro�
Re s erva t ion .
The group
Maniwauki , Que . and Onondaga tr ibe smen from the Syracu s e are a .
d e c ided t o send ano ther d e legation t o Ot tawa to try to mee t w i th Canadian
Andr2.s
Pr ime Min i s ter Trudeau and Rob er t Andra s , a min i s ter in the government .
was repor ted Fr iday to have s aid the c u s t oms t ieup could spark an Ind ian rebe l
l i on i n Canad a .
In the s e cond of two demonstrat io n s Sunday , o ther Ind ian s purchased gro
c e r i e s at a s tore in Roo s eve l l to\>m , near Mas sena , to t ake back into Canad a .
Offi c i a l s s e i zed the gro c er i e s which were dragged to the cus toms poin t by a
four -year - o ld boy w i th a s le d
( Cont inued on Page 1 5 )
• • •
•.
�( 15 )
( Continue d from Page
Last month ,
to ld b y
a
h i gh
St .
14 )
Regi s Re s e rvation Chief Angu s Mit ch ell sai d he h ad b e e n
Ind i an Affair s o ffi ci a l in th e C anadian government th �t a n agre e
ment had been r e a c h e d that would allow the Ind ians free a c c e s s ac ro s s the bo rder .
And ra s ,
in a s t a t ement Friday ,
toms duti es was
" t he
s ai d th e fu ro r over the
spark that igni ted outbre aks a cro s s the
co lle c t io n o f cu s
11
Two
country .
shot s were f i r ed i nt o the c us toms ho u s e aft e r the mid- De c embe r d emo n s t r atio n s
and Canadi an government o ffi c ial s for a t im e re l axed the po li cy o n co ll e ct ing
duty from Indi ans .
The Trudeau go vernment h a s hel d, b a si c ally, that th e matt e r i s one to be
wo rked out by the c us tom s and exci se o f fi c ers .
12
and
( From the Kenne b e c Jo urnal ,
13 )
1/6/69 .
See De cember Newslet t er ,
P ag e s 10,
TEENAGERS A TTEND N . H. CONFERENCE
Over the Thank sgiv ing ho liday , 11 Maine Ind ian youth at tended a confe rence
o f the Organ i ?.at ion of Nat ive Ameri can S tudent s on the Dkr tmouth Campu s at
Hanov er , N . H .
The teenagers o f each r e s erva t ion e le c t ed 3 repre sen tative s :
Angi e Sockab a s in , Eugene S tan l ey and Mar tin Fran c i s wen t from Pleasant Po int ;
G loria S teven s , S teven Newe l l and Thoma s Lo la repr e sented the V I T (Very Impor
In add i t ion Ju s t in Lola and Mark
tant Teenager s ) C lub of Ind ian Township .
S tevens from Pe ter Dana Point a t tended .
The o t her 3 s tuden t s were from Ind i.an
I s land ( Titmny Love , Faye B i sulca and " Sparky" C lark ) .
S tud en ts from a l l over the coun try and from many d i fferent tribes of
Ind ian s and Eskimos came to the conference to d i s cu s s how togeth er they could
he l p the ir peop l e .
They fe l t that the ma j or prob lem they could try to face
wa s the drop-ou t pro b l em : acro s s the coun try the �rop-out rate among Ind ians
i s much higher than among any o ther group .
Many s tuden ts fe l t tha t the cause
o f mos t o f thi s prob lem was tha t educat ion for Ind ians has always tried to
m�ke them into White s ; they said that they wan ted educat ion to re late t o Ind ian
cu l ture as lt ex i s t s today .
Among i t s o ther goa l s was to incr ease the number of Ind ian s tude n t s en
r o l led in pr iva te c o l leges and high s cho o l s acro s s the coun try and to make.
o ther programs more avai lab le to Ind ian youth .
On Saturday, Novembe r 3 0 , Tim Love from Ind ian I s l and wa s e l ec ted to the
Board o f D ir e c t or s to repr e s en t Maine Ind ian studen t s .
(From The W igwam , ; 2/ 6 / 6 8)
LEGISLATIVE NEWS
F IRST DE PARMENTAL BUDGET. HEARING HELD
On Wednesday , January 2 2nd , the Leg i s lat ive Appropriatio n s Commi t tee he ld
a pub l i c hear ing on the D e p ar tment of Ind ian Affairs ' _ Par t I (Curren t Service s )
budge t reque s t s for 1 9 6 9 - 1 9 70 and 1 9 70 - 1 9 7 1.
The Par t I reque s t s are for
fund s to main tain the current l evel o f d epar tmental programs - no fund s for
new programs or s erv ic e s c an b e reque s ted in the Par t I budge t .
Tho s e for 1 9 6 7 F o l lowing are the f igur e s pre s en ted by the Departmen t .
Tho se
68 repr e sent ac tu al expend i ture s f or the year end ing June 3 0 , 1 9 6 8.
The figur e s
for 1 9 6 8 - 6 9 repr e s en t the current budget for t he Depar tment .
n the "Re que s t" c o lumn repre s en t Commission er Hinckley ' s b a s i c reque s t to the Leg i s lature ; tho se in the "Re connne nd a t ion" c o lumn repre sent the advice
to the Leg i s lature by the S ta te Bureau o f the Budge t .
" Personal Servi ce s "
invo lve s s a l ar ie s of a l l S tate emp loye e s ; " Capi tal" are fund s for permanen t
e quipment (d e sks, t ypewr i ter s , e tc . ) ; "Al l Other" is every thing e l se - a l l
Re se rvation labor , Tr ibal employee s � vege s ; _
fo�d , } medicine t doctors � · � et vice s ,
ho s p i t a l care , r e � er va t ion uti l iti e s - every thing but s a l ar i e s and equipment ?
(Con tinued on Page 1 6 )
�( 16 )
(Con t inue d from Page 1 5 )
AC TUAL
REQUE S T
1 9 6 7 - 68
1 9 68 - 6 9
1 9 70 - 7 1
1 9 6 9 - 70
PERSONAL SERV I CE S
ALL OTHER
CAPITAL
TOTAL
RECOMMENDATIO
1 9 6 9 - 70 1 9 7 0 7 1
-
5 3 , 705 . 9 8
6 6 , 5 24
7 3 , 08 9
76 , 2 1 8
7 3 , 089
76 , 2 1 . .
2 30 , 78 7 . 0 1
204 , 6 26
233 , 33 7
233 , 3 3 7
2 1 4 , 44 7
214 , 44 7
9 6 5 . 68
948
. 94 8
22548
948
22548
2 8 5 , L} 5 8 6 7
2 7 2 , 0 98
30 7 , 3 74
3 1 2 , 103
288 , 484
293 , 213
•
Fo l l owing i s t h e tex t o f Hin ckley ' s prepared s ta t ement t o the Commi t tee :
1 1 Concentr a t e on the ALL OTHER expend iture s .
As the s t a t i s t i c s show , t hey
( in 1 9 6 7 -6 8 ) refr e s en t e d 8 1% of the D epar tment ' s budge t and 7 1% of them were
for d ir e c t Hea l th and \1Te l fare s ervi ce s to ind igen t tribal members . "
' ·An ad d i t ion a l 19% o f the ALL OTHER expend i ture s for 1 9 6 7 - 6 8 were for
e s s e n t i a l mun i c ipal s ervi c e s on the 3 Re serva t ions - Labor , Ut i l i t ie s and Re
p a ir s . '
1 1 E l ig ib i l i ty for s ervi ce s and the range o f e s sential service s pr ovided
have no t changed materia l ly s ince the day s of Dep t . of Hea l th and He l fare
admin i s trat ion of Ind ian affair s .
Re serva t ion e c onomy and need s , hawever , plus
dras t i c nat ionwide incre a s e s in the co s t of He a l th and He l fare goods and
s ervice s , have r e s u l ted in a con t inu ing increase in expend i ture s needed to
main t a in current s ervi ce s . "
1A supp l emen tal curren t servi ce s appropr iat ion of $ 50 , 000/ year was re que s ted
8 18 , 000 was provided for
of the 1 03rd Legi s la ture for the current b ienn ium .
1 96 7 -6 8 and noth ing add i t iona l for 1 9 6 8 - 6 9 .
Ac cord ing ly , a dra s t i c r educ t ion
in s ervi c e s wa s imp leme n ted in Apr i l , 1 9 6 8 , and mo s t aspe c t s o f this reduc t ion whi ch ha s r e su l t e d in wor s ened human and phy s ica l cond i t ions on the 3 Re s erva
t ion s - are s t i l l in e ff e c t .
A sup p l emental emergency appropr iat ion o f
$ 5 0 , 000 i s b eing r e que s t ed o f the 104th Leg i s la ture in . �n e f for t t o res tore
the l eve l of curre n t serv i c e s previou s ly author i zed . "
"As ide from this , i t i s e s sential that the "reque s ted" ALL OTHER amoun ts
of $ 2 33 , 3 3 7 per year b e appropr ia t ed .
The s e � igure s were ob tained by add ing
the maximum permi t ted co s t in crea s e s to the 1 9 6 7-68 ALL OTHER f igure s .
The se
e s t imat e d cost incre a s e s - par t i cular l y in Hea l th and .r!e l fare categor i e s ar e cons iderab ly l e s s (4%-5%) than the pas t year ' s /exper ienc e s have ind icated
ar e l ike ly ( 8%- 20%) . 1 1
. ; ' However , the appropr i a t ion of the 1 1 r e que s te d 1 1 amoun t s wou ld pu t the
Depar tmen t ' s budge t in par t ial a l ignmen t with 1 9 6 7 - 6 8 s pend ing .
Improved
ac count ing procedur e s and c lo s er examina t ion (wi th the Tr ib e s ) of service
pr ior i t i e s migh t make i t po s s ib l e to operate within- the , ;re que s ted" ALL OTHER
amoun t s w i thout s er ious hard ship to the Ind ians - c o s t s do no t cont inue to
if
incr e a s e at the ir pr e se n t r a t e . 1 1
; ;Even such a cau t ious pre d i c t ion as thi s canno t be made on the bas i s o f
the 1 1 r e comme nd e d " ALL OTHER f igure s ! "
In hi s oral t e s t imony , Hinckley summar i zed the above s t a temen t, exp l aining
the impo r t ance of the A l l Other amoun t s , in tha t Per s onal Services increa s e s
ar e d u e to s t a t e - approved p a y incre a s e s and t h a t t h e Cap i ta l inct�a 6e � ( from
$ 9L:.8 to $ 2 , SL� 8 ) inc lud e s a $ 1 , 600 insuranc e p aymen t on a col lapsed trib a l
bui l d ing tha t is alread y on hand .
Re p·.. Lou i s Ja l b er t (D -Le·wi s to n ) led o f f the 1 1 que s t ioning' 1 o f Commi s s ioner
Hinckley with a speech ( cont aining no que s t ions ) in whi ch he accused Hi�ckley
When some
of i l l e g a l a c t ions in s pend ing money wi thout legi s la t ive approva l .
o f his s t at emen t s were rephr a s ed a s que s t ions , Hinckley denied ever having
In re sponse to que s t ions from
s pe n t s ta t e fund s that hadn ' t been au thor ized .
(Cont inued on Page 1 7 ) -
�( 1 7)
(Cont inued from Page 1 6 )
Rep . John Mar t in (D -E ag le Lake ) Hi nckley expl ained that the rea son h e had not
reduced s ervice s $ 50 , 000-wor th a t the end of the 1 s t quart e r of the current
year , when he rea l i zed he had in suffic ien t fund s to ma in tain them , wa s tha t
Governor Cur t i s had s aid h e d id no t w i sh thi s done .
Hinckley answered a que s
t ion from Re p . Herman Sahag ian (R-Be lgrade ) by exp l aining tha t under D ep t .
o f Hea l t h and Ue l f a�e admin i s trat ion , Ind ian appropr i a t ions had a l s o been
insuff i cien t dur ing e ach year but tha t trans fer s from o ther DH&l? approp riat ion s
had concealed thi s fac t from the Leg is latur e s in the pas t , and tha t Ind ian
appr opr iat ion incr e a s e s r e que s t ed by the D H&W had been only very sma l l in com
par i son to tha t Depar tme n t ' s to t a l budge t reque s t s .
He said the prob lem was
no t ne�� - on ly newly v i s ib le in the sma l l , s ing le -appropr iat ion Dept . of Ind ian
Affair s .
I t · coul d b � · no ted tha t Rep . Ja lbert le f t the he ar ing af ter having de
l ivered his own speech , so he wa s unab le to pro f i t from the e f f e c t ive support ive
t e s t imony d e l ivered by a var ie t y of Indians and non-Ind ians al ike . Pa s s ama qu od
dy Leg i s l a t ive Repre senta t ive Albert Dana exp lained how unantic ipa ted , and
s er ious , med i ca l emergen c i e s could incre ase expend iture s , as we l l as dea ths
o f Maine Ind :t an s out -o f - s ta te , Hi th fund s needed to pay the ir tran s po r t a t ion
back to the re servat ions for bur i a l .
Penob s c o t Leg i s la t ive Repre s entative
John Ne l son te s t if ied to the progre s s that was b e ing made with the D epar tmen t
by the trib e s and expre s sed the fee l ing tha t the Depar tment had never been
suf fi cien t ly suppor t e d w i th appropr ia t ions to r e a l ly ge t moving .
Pen ob s co t
member Erne s t Go s lin d e l ivered a very e lo quen t speech abo u t the ady,an tages to
the s t ate in the long run i f the Depar tme n t was permi t ted to a s s i s t Ind ians in
f i n a l ly , after many year s , s t and ing on the ir own fee t .
Penob s co t Counc i l memb er Vio let Francis se conded tfr . Go s l in ' s t e s t imony
and Penob s c o t member Phy l l i s 1cGrane exp lained her persona l effort s to see that
her 6 chi ld ren comp le t ed the ir high s choo l education and went on to c o l lege
whi l e she her s e l f at temp t s to suppor t them and take cour s e s at the Univers i ty
too .
Mr . Jerry Her l ihy , speaking for the Re form Democra t s of Maine , t e s t ified
(as a teache r ) about the impor tance o f ade quate food , fue l and hea l th care to
s tuden t s - he poin ted out tha t if the Leg i s la ture cou ldn ' t a s s i s t in making
the s e s ervices avai l ab le to Ind ians , they might as we l l no t appropr i a t e money
for Indi an schoo l s , a s hungry , s i ck , co ld s tud en t s are not go ing to be at le to
learn .
Loui s Doy le , Coord inator of the D ivis ion of Ind ian Servi c e s of the
Roman Catho l i c D ioce s e o f Por t land , remind ed the Commi t tee that they were talk
ing of people - no t of highway surfac ing , or b ir thd ay par t i e s for the S tate and that he knew of cas e s of i l lne s s and even de ath caused by lack of funds
for proper hea l th servi ce s on the reserva tions .
He sugges ted tha t even the
"re ques ted" Al l Other amoun t s ·wer e in suffic ien t , and promi s ed the Commi t te e
s ta t i s t i c s to suppor t the n e e d f o r $ 70 , 000 add i t ion al i n Al l Other fund s .
Othe r s pr e s ent ' ho ind icat e d their suppor t by s tand ing inc luded r e pre s
entat ives o f the Bath You th Ac t ion Commi t tee , the Bath-Brun swick Commit tee for
Racial Unders tand ing , the Social Ac t ion Commi t te e of the E run swick Uni tarian
Chur ch , the Amer i can As soci a t ion of U nive r s i ty Tlomen , and the L e ague of Homen
Vo t er s .
In add i t ion , � s . Ca ther ine Car swe l l , former Democrat ic r e pre senta
ir
t ive fr�m Por t land , s uppor ted the Dtpar tmen t ' s re que s t , exp laining tha t she had
bee n a member of the Leg i s lat ive Commi t tee which had rec�mmended the creat ion
of a D e p t . of Ind ian Affair s to the 10 2nd Legi s la ture .
Mo s t o f the Ind ian speaker s urged that Ind ian affair s or r e s pon s ib i l i ty
Rep . Mar t in did
� be tran s ferr e d b a ck to t he D ep t . of Hea l th and He l f are .
sugge s t the po s s ib i li ty of legi sla t ion which wou ld permi t tha t depar tment to
t r ans fer fund s to t he Dep t ! o f Ind ian Affair s .
The theme t ha t the ba s ic need
i s � con tinua l re l i e f programs , but rather a chance for Ind i an s to reach a
point 'Hhere they can fu n c t on in<le pe1 den t ly , was s t r e s P etl .
The Comm i t t ee
ui l 1 cons ider thf' ma t t er in l a t e r eY.: P c u i v £> R e s s i uu s .
�(18 )
#
Following is th e t ext o f L . D .
Rep .
John Hartin
e ffe ctive ,
of
( D--Eagle
cour s e ,
Lake
)
259,
an emergency bill int ro duc ed · by
In o rd e r fo r it to be come
on J anu ary 22nd .
it h a s to be approved by the ent ire Legi sl a ture .
AN AC T Provi ding Fund s fo r Indi an Affa i rs
Eme rgency Pre amble .
90
unt i l
wne r a s ,
Act s of the Legi sla ture do not b e come e ffe ct ive
days a ft e r a d j nurnment unle ss ena cte d a s eme rgenci e s ;
Whe r ea s ,
c e rt a in oblig ations and expen se s inc ident t
and
the operatio n o f
th e Department o f Indian Affai rs wi l l b e cµme due and payable immediately ;
and
Whe re a s , the s ai d 90-day pe rio d will not t enninate until a fter the begin
ning of the fourth qu a rt e r o f the current fi s cal ye ar ; and
Whe re a s ,
in the
judgment of the Le g i s lature the se fa ct s creat e an emergen
cy within th e meaning of the Co nst itution of Maine and re oui r e the following
legi sla ti o n as imm e dia tely ne c e s s ary fo r the pre servation of the publi c p e a ce ,
h e a lt h and s afety;
now, there for e ,
Be i t ena cted by the Peo ple o f the Sta t e o f
a ine , a s follows :
Appropri at ion .
There is app ropri ated from t he Unappropriated Surplus
fo r
of t h e Ge ne ral Fund to the Dep artment o f Indian Affair s the sum o f
30, 19 69 ,
the fi s c a l ye ar e ndi ng June
$50, �00
to pr vide fo r c o ntinuation o f the current
l ev e l of h ea lt h a nd w e lfare s e rvi c e s fo r the re s idents of the
ti ons .
3
The bre akdown shall be as fo llows :
DEPARTHENT OF IN DIAN AFFAIRS
Ind i an Re serva
1968-69
$5 J, OOO
All other
Provi de s additional funds for current s e rv i c e s
In vi ew of the emergency c i t ed in the preamble ,
Emerg ncy Clau s e .
Act
thi s
sh a l l t ake e ffect when appro ved .
CUR TI S RELUC TAi:JT TO ACT ON HINCKLEY RE S IGNA TION
AUGU S TA - A l though Governor Kenne t h M .
to
a c t at
Edward
s ign s
thi s
C.
Cur t i s expre s s ed r e luc t ance Thur s day
t im� on an und a t e d re s i gnat ion by Ind ian A f f a i r s Commi s s ioner
Hinckley ,
he may be
for c e d t o d o s o b y a Le g i s la ture whi ch ha s
o f d i s co n t e n t over a d e f i c i t
in
the
shown
Ind ian A f f a ir s D e partment for the
s e c ond con s e c u t ive � iennium .
Hinck ley , who has a s ked
h i s d e p ar tmen t
for an eme rgency appropr i a t ion of
through the end of
:ne n Thur s day mor n ing tha t if
t hen tha t ' s the way i t ' s go t
t he pr i ce of g e t t ing
to be
$ 50 , 000 to
30 , to ld
the current f i s ca l year on June
•
•
•
the
11
$ 50 , 000
carry
news
·1 1means my j ob ,
He conf irmed a rumor t h a t h i s ( o f f e r o f ) r e s ignat ion , und a ted , i s in the
governor ' s hand s and has b een s in c e Hinckley submi t ted hi s bud g e t showing an
QVerd r a f t
co s t s .
for
thi s b iennium caus ed mai n ly by unan t ic ip a t e d he a l th and we l f are
B o t h he and t he Governor hedge d when a s ked i f the unda t e d r e s ignat ion
had b een d emanded by the governor .
.
Cur t i s me t w i t h newsmen a t an impromptu pre s s conference Thurs d ay noon a f t c "'.'
an o r d e r was i n troduced in t h e S enate
to c r e a t e a " commi t tee o f inquiry " to s tudy
He s ai d Hinckley ' s r e s igna t ion was "no t part i c
,
u l ar ly a s ked for" and add e d ',! there i s n o move t o a c c e p t i t now . "
the Ind i an A f fa i r s D epar tmen t .
He
s a i d he i s d i s p le a s e d w i t h the appare n t ly poor a c count ing sy s t em u s e d
h y t h e sma l l Ind ian A f f a i r s Depar tment a n d acknow l e dg e d t h a t t h e inc ident " cas t s
a re f l e c t ion o n my admin i s t r a t ion .
However ,
I
am
no t ab out to r e p lace anyone
Regard l e s s , Cur t i s is known to f e e l that
they have a d e f i c i t • . ,
the commi s s i oner ' s r e s igna t i on may we l l b e the bargain i ng po i n t neede d by the
j u s t b e c au s e
governor i f
the Leg i s la ture i s
The governor s a i d he
affairs
�
as
" an eva lua t ion
to make up the de f ic i t .
suppo r t s
'
the propo s e d inquiry in to the d e p ar tmen t s
to d e t ermine whe t her he
(Cont inued • on Page
(Hinckley)
19)
ha s done
a
proper
�(19)
(Con t inued from Page 1 8 )
j ob . 1 1
Bu t he s aid l ater in the I'\ews conference he though t Hinckley had nd one
a good j ob .
However ,
I ' m not sure tha t anyone e l s e could have done be t ter .
I am very impatient to see more done on our Ind ian r e s erva t ion s .
I am frus tra
ted that we have no t done more . 1 •
Cur t i s acknowledged tha t h e h a s re ce ived p e t i t ions o f suppor t f o r Hinck ley
from about 100 of Maine ' s 1 200 Ind ians res id ino on the S t a te ' s three re s erva
t ions .
Hinckley , the f ir s t commi s s ioner of t e depar tment crea ted by the
l0 2nd Le gi s l atur e , is popular with the Pa s s amaquoddies and the Penob s co t .
Several Ind i an s t e s t i f ied emo t iona l ly in his beha l f at Hedne sday ' s appr opr ia. t ions hear ing .
At tha t he aring , Hinckley t o ld the commi t tee t hat when India ns were
under the j ur i sd i c t ion o f the Hea l th and We l fare Department , shortage s in var
ious areas wer e cover ed through ' in trade partmental trans fers o f fund s , and
never � e came apparent to the Leg i s lature .
Hi s de par tmen t i s too sma l l to use tha t b o okke e p i ng maneuver to comb a t
ris ing med i c a l co s t s , t h e you thfu l commi s s i oner said .
H e s aid i t migh t no t
be a bad id ea to au thor ize tran s fers from the Heal th and He l fare De par tment
.
to hi s depa-r t n:ent for med ical s ervice s .
The order c a l l ing for a departme n t in quiry , spon s ored by S en . B enne t t D .
Ka t z , R -Augus ta , would s e t up a committee of two s enators , tw o repre s ent at ive s
and the two trib a l repre senta tive s .
The order t akes no te that the Ind i an
Af fair s D epar tment " i s exper i enc in g increas ing d i f f i cul ty� in performing dut i e s
and exer c i s ing super v ls ion , large ly invo lving heal th and we l far e ser vice s
It
as a sma l l depar tmen t wi th a s ingl e appropr iation and a l imi ted s taff . i :
au thor i z e s the s tudy group to spend $ 200 i n coming up wi th i t s re commenda t ion
. and charge s it to r port b ack to thi s Leg i s lature .
Ve teran Appropr iati on s Commi t tee memb er R ep . Lou is Jalb e r t , D -L�wis t on ,
r ebuked Hinckley at a pub l i c hear ing on his depar tmen t ' s budge t Wedne s d ay .
Jalb ert said Hinckley ' s over § pending , coup led with a d e f i c i t he ran up two
year s ago when he w as a l s o admon i shed by the appropriat ions comm i t te e , " come s
qui t e c lo s e to de f iance . 1 1
But Gov . Cur t i s to ld newsmen he doesn ' t nece s s ar i ly cons ider the commi s
s ioner ' s overd r a f t a : ; d e f i ance . "
" There i s n o point i n b laming anyone ·
�Te
j u s t have to s traighten o u t the s y s tem , " the chie f exe cut ive conc lud e d .
A b i l l seeking an emergency $ 50 , 000 appropriation for the de partme n t
has b een f i led by Rep . John L . Mar t in , D -Eag le Lake ( s e e Page' 18) , a member
of t he Appropr i a t ions Commi t te e .
Appropr iat ions cha irman Sen . Jo s e ph S ewa l l ,
R -Old Town , ha s s a i d t he commi t tee plan s t o amend the b i l l t o impo s e t ighter
f inancial con tro l over t he depar tmen t .
The pend ing inquiry is expe c ted t o
produce a recommendat ion in thi s re spec t .
(From the BangQ� D a i ly Ne��s , 1 / 24 / 69 .
The As s o c ia ted Pre s s r e l e a s e
o f January 24th ind icated that the cotmni t te o f in qu iry w a s charged to�f!c onsu l t
w i t h the nec e s s ary s ta te and tribal o f f i c ia l s • 1 1
Bo th Hinckle y and Cur t i s
s aid the s tudy i s a prop er s t ep t o take .
Cur t i s s aid tha t he bad Hinckley ' s
und a t ed r e s igna t ion , but the commi s s ioner d e s cr ibed the le t ter a s " an o f f er
o f r e s i gnation . "
The AP quo ted Hinckley as s ay ing , " i t was pu t to me (by a repre s en t a t ive
of the governor ) tha t to ob t a in support for an appropria t io n of more fund s i t
migh t b e ne ce s s ary to prove tha t some change s wer e b e ing made in adminis tra t ion
oi the depar tment • • • "
He r e p l i.ed , chc s aid , that while he d idn ' t b e l ie ve the
d e f ic iency was h i s fau l t , the gover nor could have his r e s ignat i on a t any t ime
Ear l ier
i f tha t was n e ce s s ary to g � t the legi.s latur e t o pa s s the appropr i�tion .
thi s month , he s aid , he was a s ked to pu t th i s s t a teme nt ' in wr it ing and d id so .
Cur t i s t o ld h i s news o f e r en c e tha t " 'l'lie money tha t ' s ava i l ah l e in the
Ind i an Af f a i "C c P�p�1 t.� n t', i. s s o sma l l tha t if y o t 1 m i � ei: P S t :i rua t e the we l fare
·
h
n
...
( C.on t j t1
1e<l 011 Puge
20)
�( 20 )
(Con t inued from Page 1 9 )
co s t s i t t s impo s s ib le t o f ind the fund s t o make u p for i t . "
He s a id the
ac coun ting s y s tem has been • :very poor " but added : " I don 1 t think there 1 s any
que s t ion of the fac t thi s money wa s needed .
I d on ' t think there ' s any mi s
11
hand l ing o f fund s
An ar t i c le in the January 24 th Kennebec Journal , by S tan Eame s , quo ted
Hin ckley a s s ay ing he wou ld have about $ 10 , 000 left when the f inal quar ter
ro l l s around .
"If we don ' t ge t the money , then I can s e e only one real i s t ic
a l t erna t ive - c lo s e shop un t i l the new f i s ca l year come s . "
Hinck l ey suppo sed
that "I wou ld have t o take a l e ave o f ab sence and d o some thing .
I don ' t
know what , but I �·m no t and I haven ' t been looking for ano ther j ob . "
The s tory a l s o re por t ed tha t Hinckley b e l ieve s tha t hou s ing and s an i t a tion
are two area s in wh i ch his departme n t has he lped Maine ' s Ind ian s , who , he said ,
' 1 have ac comodated the whi t e s wi thout ge t ting any accoIIDDo dat ion in r e turn .
Tha t ' s t he only reason t hey ' re al ive today . "
He commen ted tha t the American
Fr iends Serv i ce Commi t te e bankro l l ed a hous ing off icer for 18 months for h i s
de par tme n t b e fore the s ta t e b e came invo lved .
1 1 If i t hadn ' t b e e n f o r the
Amer i can Friends S ervice Commi t tee , " the commi s s ioner s ad , " There wou ldn ' t be
any hous ing or s an i t a t ion pro j e c t s we cou ld po int to . ' ' )
•
•
•
NAME S I N THE NEHS
At a D e c ember mee t ing of the Pleasant Point Hou s ing Au tho r i ty , the- fo l low
ing o f f icers were e le c ted : Eugene Franc i s , Cha irman (re -e le c ted ) ; David Franci s ;
V i c e Chairman ; Fred Franc i s , Secre t ary ( r e - e l e c t ed ) ; and F a ther Bernard li cknair ,
Treasurer (r e - e le c ted Y :
Andrew Dana i s the 5 th member of ' t he Au thor i ty .
At a January mee t ing of the Ind ian Town ship Hous ing Au thor i ty , the fo l low
ing o f fi c e r s were e le c t e d : George S teven s , Jr . , Cha irman (re -e le c t ed ) ; Al len
S ockab as in , Vice Chairman ; Phi lomene Dana , S ecre t ary ; Fa ther Co l eman O ' To o l e ,
Tre asurer .
The 5 th member o f the Au thor i t y i s Albert Dana .
Las t Augu s t , t he Penob s co t Hou s ing Author i ty e le c ted i t s o f f i cer s , a s
fo l l ow s : Ma t thew Mi t che l l , Sr . , Chairman ; Ma t thew S app ier , Vice Chairman ;
F a ther Romeo S t . Pierre , S e cre tary (e lec ted in January , replacing E l i zab e t h
Gou l d , who r e s igned ) ; Irving Ranco , Treasur er (re-e l e c t ed ) .
Th e new member
of t he Au tho r i t y i s Ni ck Sapie l
At Indian Town s hip , Ar chie LaCo o t e wa s r e cent ly named to rep lace B a s i l
LaCoote (who r e s igned) as Tr ibal Counc i lmember . Pa t r i c i a Ni cho l a s is the
Town ship ' s Tr ib a l Clerk ; John Nicho l a s i s t h e Tr ib a l Clerk at Pleasant Po in t ;
He l en Go s l in i s the Penob s co t Tr i b a l Cl erk .
The Pas samaquoddy Commun i ty A c t ion Program b o ard of d irectors re cen t ly
hire d or _rehired t he f o l lowing s ta f f members for t he 1 9 6 9 CAP program : Ar chie
LaCoo te , D ir e c tor ; Danie l Franc i s , Depu ty D ir e c tor ; Danie l Ba s se t t , Communi ty
D eve l opmen t Superv i sor ; E lmer Lank , Vo lun teer F ire De par tme n t Organizer .
Commun i ty D eve l opmen t Aides at Pleasant Po in t are John Nicho l a s , Be s s ie S tan ley
and Linwood Sapie l .
CD Aide s at Ind ian Township are Morris Brooks , E leanor
Mi t che l l and M�ry E . Socoba s in .
S e cre tary-Bookke eper is Margare t Bai l ey ;
;· Recept ion i s t - Typi s t i s Robe r t a Ri chard s .
The r e spon s ib i l i t ie s formerly he ld
b y the CAP Hous ing Coord ina tor have been as s igned to the D ir e ct or .
At Pleasan t Po int , due to the r e s ignat ion of Frederick Moor e , Robe r t
Newe l l wa s appo in te d t o t he Tr iba l Coun ci l .
O ther name s in the Ind i an Township Women ' s Club ( se e Page 1 3 ) are �
So ckab a s in , Member s hip cha irman ; Phyl l i s Lank_, Ho s p i tal i t y chairman ; and char
t e r memb e r s Alice Dan a , D i a.n.a Leve sgue , E laine Lo l a , Luc i l le Lo la , Dorothy
Moor e , Eunice Sockab a s in , Li l l ian S t eve n s , Maxine Tomah , Alyne Ward , Sara
Mrs . Moore i s
�n , S i s te r Co leman , S i s ter �ugenio and S i s ter Madonna .
t he Pub l ic He a l th Nur s e f o r the Town s hip ; Mr s . Wi l s on i s t h e Coun ty Ext en s ion
Agen t .
�I
UAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
4 2 LIBER1Y S TREET
GARD INER , MAINE
04345
DON ' T DELAY !
f\' fi
(•:;::
':�j
·jfu
i
l
.
.J
jitrj #
:I
�
TO GE T LOCAL AND LONG D I S TANCE IND IAN
I '
l
I
NEW S , DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR EACH MONTH!
e fo l lowing sub s cr i p t ion r a t e s are
charged for a 1 2 -mon t h sub s cr ip t ion to
THE MAINE INDIAN NEW SLETTER
Indian
Non - Ind ian
"
"
''
(Regular )
( Con tr ibu ting )
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/ year
'
If you ar e an INDIAN , wherever you 1 1
f i l l o u t and s end i n the sub s cr ip t ion
s l ip (b e l'ow) , ident i fy ing your Tribe
( L i fe t ime )
- $ 5 . 00/year
and enc l o s ing NO money .
-$ 50 . 00/year
( Suppor t ing)
The addre s s l ab e l s ind i cate the s t atus
" F · I " me a n s
of your sub s cr ip t ion . -
- $ 10 . 00 / ye ar
The abbreviat ion o f
"
mon t h ( JAN) i s the time - next y ear
your sub s cr i p t ion fee wi l l again
If you are a NON - INDIAN , wherever you
live , f i l l out and s end in the sub
sci- i p t ion s l ip (be l ow ) WITH the appr o
pria te amoun t .
Your sub s cr i p t ion
due .
is received .
do not re quir e renewal . )
will b e g in with the next ava i lab le
i s sue a f t e r your sub scr ip t ion s l ip
" Free - J:nd ian .
a
be
-
� !!.!!. � ge t !!!. ind ividua l
!?!, �!
(Com
expir at ion no t i ce , �
pl imentary and Ex�hange sub s cr i p t ions
-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - � - - - - - - - -
I wou ld like t o receive
ADDRESS
mon t h l y
regu l ar i s sues o f the Maine Indian News let ter :
DATE--------�
IND IAN
NON - IND IAN
�
�
�
---�
--:
-.:---�
�
( S tree t or P . O . Box)
( C i ty
State
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Code )
I nd i an -0- ;
Send t h i s s l ip , w i t h your
Non - Ind i an
$ 10
TRIBE__ __ __ �
__
__
__
-
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_
_
_
- $2
(Re gular ) ; $ 5
( Supporting ) ;
sub s cr ipt ion charge ,
$ 50
if app l i c ab le ,
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Lib er ty S tre e t , Gard iner , Maine
Don ' t forge t your ZIP Code !
(Con tr ibu ting ) ;
( Li fe t ime )
04345
to :
�BULK RA TE
MAINE IND IAN NEW SLE TTER
42
U.S.
POS TAGE
3 . 6 ¢ PAID
Liber t y S tr e e t
Freepor t , Ma ine
Gard iner , Ma i n e
Permi t No .
04345
ADDR E S S CORRECTION
REQUE S TE D
C o lb y C o l l g e L ibrary
C o lby Col l ege
Waterv i l l e ,
ine 04 90 1
J
33
��NE IND IAN NEWSLETTER
4 2 LIBER TY S TREET
GARDINER , MAINE
0434.5
DON ' T DELAY !
!'
-
�!
·.
GET LOCAL AND
T
e
LONG
I
I
I
-+- 1
s -�... I
..
f
.
D I S TANCE INDIAN NEW S , DELIVERED
TO YOUR DOOR
EACH MONTH !
fo l lowing s ub s cr iption r a t e s ar e
charged for a 1 2 -month subs cr ipt ion to
THE MAINE IND IAN NEW SLETTER
Indian
Non - Ind i an
"
"
(Regul ar )
(Contr ibu t ing )
( S uppo r t i ng )
"
( L i f e t ime )
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/ year
•
If you ar e an IND IAN , wherever you liv
f i l l out and s end in the sub s cr i p t ion
s l ip (be low ) , iden t i fy ing your Tr ib e
- $ 5 . 00/ year
and enc l o s ing N O money .
- $ 50 . 00/ y e ar
1h!;,
-$ 1 0 . 00 / ye ar
addr e s s l abe l s ind i ca t e the s t a tu
e ans
�'F -1
of your sub s cr ipt ion .
The abbreviat ion o f
"Free - Indian . "
a mon th ( JAN) i s the t ime - next year
....-;
If you are a NON - I ND IAN , wher ever you
live , f i l l out and send in the sub
scr ip t ion s l ip (be l ow ) W I TH the appro
pri a t e amoun t .
Your sub s cript ion
your sub s cr ipt ion fee wiJ l again be
� ind iyid
due .
ls received .
do n o t re quire renewal . )
will begin with the nex t ava i lab le
is s ue after your sub s cr ip tion s l ip
� !!:!.!. .filU �
� �!
•
ill
(Com•
expir at ion not ice , �
p l imentary and Exchange sub s cr i p t io n s
-� �- -- - - � - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - -� - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - · � - - - - - � -
I wou ld l ike to re ce ive mon th ly regu lar i s sue s of the Maine Indian News l e t t er :
DATE
�
---�
-__
ADDRESS
I ND IAN
NON- U IAN
m
�
�
�
�
-�
--;-=-�
�
�
-�
�
( S tree t or P . O . B ox )
(C i ty
S tate
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Code )
Ind ian -0- ;
on- Ind ian - $ 2
$ 10
Seud
t hi s
s l ip , with your
TRIBE�--��----�_
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_ _
(Regu l ar ) ;
( Suppor t ing ) ;
sub s cr ipt i on charge ,
$ 50
$ 5 (Con tr ibu ting ) ;
(Life t ime )
if ap p l i cab le ,
MAINE INDIAN NEW SLETTER
42 Lib e r t y S tree t , Gard iner , Ma�ne
D on ' t forge t your Z I P Code !
0434 5
to :
.
�BULK RA TE
MAINE IND IAN NEW SLE TTER
42
U. S.
3 . 6¢
Liber t y S t re e t
POS TAGE
PAID
Freepor t , Ma ine
Gard iner ,
Maine
04 �45
Perm.it No .
33
ADDR E S S CORRECTION
REQU E S TED
C o l b y C o l l e g e L ib r ar y
Colby Col lege
W a t erv i l l e ,
JAN
Mai ne
0 4 90 1
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter </em>(Jan. 1969)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1969-01
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
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pdf
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DV-456
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/12a95f3b79ee6ec5a47bf6a0fcd04fe3.pdf
f1accf04ed0c34470119030c98a68212
PDF Text
Text
NEW
VOLUME 3, NUMBER
E
4
P E N 0 B S C 0 T
N E W S
Indian Island Girls' Club
The Girls' Club would like to elcome Sister Eugenio to he Island.
We are looking forward to her arrival. The club haF bL�n quit� successful
in most projects it has worked on.
Although the club shows a slight lack
of motivation it will take on new projects and may soon join with the boys'
club. This will be the start of a teen-age club with all members of high
school age.
Present members of the Girls' Club are Carol D ana, Presedent, Pam
Norwood, Vice President, Faye Bisulca, Secretary, Mildred Lolar, Treasurer,
Barb Fran�is, Sargent-at-arms.
Division of Human Relations
As most people know Sister Caritas who was working with the Bureau
o f Human Relations, has recently been replaced. It has been pleasant know
ing her.
The teenagers of the island miss her and would like to thank her
for all she has done in helping the club and others. We are sorry we did
not see her �efo�e she left as neithe r of us kneN when she was to leave.
We will soon be working with Sist�r Eugenio.
1
Indian Island Band
The group from Indian Island will soon be fully organized. They have
pl�yed at many dances at the Tribal Hall. It takes much work and practice
but so far the group has stuck together.
They have not yet ado�ted a name.
Members of the group are Sparky Clark, Paul Francis, Mike Rance and Doug
Frr.inr.is.
attending college or away at school are Michael Ranco, Paul
Jr� George Tomer and Erlene Paul at the University of Maine.
Stephen Mitchell and Nicholas Dow are at Husson. At Eastern Maine
'/n'!:-il:.i r.n�l Institute are Ow:::n Lolar and Geoffrey Goslin.
Ava fou1�0, daughter of Mr. and fv'lrs. Irvin Ranco of Indian Island
will soon be jojning the WACS. She will be stationed in Alabama, and will
leave sorn8time in ,Jal'111ary.
Boys in the Service
There are about four boys from Indina Island ho are now in the
service. Bi)gene Loring Jr. is in Viet Nam. John Mitchell Jr. and Kirk
Loring are stS3.t.ioned at l.<' I:. lh·ae;g, Hoi·th r.l'n:o 1 -t na.
Steven l'e1�tune h-"l.s just come ho:1c from the service. He was stationed in
Francis
S�ndP.nts
Germany.
Mr. and f111·r:-. lta 1 ph Brosch� rd and family cam� fl' om Somerville
' New
Tersey t o v i.si
.
"t M r. and l·ko. P;:i '" •) ,,n Tru.U ::\H T:s 1 nnd. They c��me for the
Th-3nksgivine HnlidA.y.
·
Carol Dana
Penobscot Reporter
�(2)
BREAD AND
WATER JAIL
Rev. C. E. B. Harnsberger, a priest in the Rosebud Mission of the Epis
copa1_�h�rcj}J has comp�����-���ence of bread and w�ter to Hitler's Gestapo.
!imposed on a citizen of this country,.,
The former Rosebud priest,
1he wrote in a letter to the Rapid City
now stationed at White River, made
the comment after reading wherq the
�ournal.
Fr. Harnsberger lived in Bo•
Hot Springs city court had sentenced
&prings for seven years.
three Indian persons to bread and
"One questions whether such an
water for fifteen days.
The two men and a women also extreme penalty would have been imposed
received fines with 30-day jail sen- on non-Indians, " rre added.
Fr. Harnsbergcr noted that
tences, Fr. Harnsberger said.
'
The sentences were for public intox- trouble may corJe if citizens "can sit
ication and disturbing the peace.
back and be complacent about the type
"I never thought that I would of justice that prevails in mAny o f our
communities thruout the state. "
live to see the day when a medieval
He added that "we must be consentence of bread and water would be
cerned about laq and order
but we
:just be just as concerned that justice
(From the Rosebud Sioux Herald, Rose- prevails for all people--not justice
bud, Sou-rll Dakota, December 16, i9t;8) 'for some 1 while oth rs are excluded."
_ _
·
j
•
•
L E T T E R S
T 0
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
E D I T 0 R
T H E
Dear Editor,
As former residents oD Pleasant Point, this it�m may be of interest
to friends and rel�tives at the reservation.
Miss Carol Ann Stanley 16, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Stanley is
being honored for her corttribution to the Y. W. C. A. of the Hartford area.
On Friday, Nov. 8th she left for Vashington D. C. and \"lill at tend
the World Fellowship service in the National Cathedral on Sunday, tour
the White House and visit Arlingtol') National Cemet�ry.
Carol is a Junior at Penney High School, East Hartford, Conn. , SecAch i o'remP11 t and An active member of Blessed Sacre .ie n t C. Y. 0 .
retary of Jun i. ·
Sincerely,
Mr4 and Mrs. Jonn Stanley
East Hartford, Conn.
.
•
Editor,
I received my fir st copy of Maine Indian Newsletter and found it very
good reading.
I also receive the American Hzritage every other month. The issue
of December has a article on the Seneca Indian in Penna. and New York
.
The name of the ,article is "Cornplanter, can you sHim. " It is about
the Allegheny Resevoir behind K�nzua Dam and the taking of 10, 000 acres'
of the Indian only habitable land which ran along the Alleghany River,
and deliberately breaking an Indi�n treaty in order to do sq.
It was the oldest active treaty, made in 1794 with the Cornplanters,
SPne��A and five other Indian rations.
Thanking you for your fine publication.
Clarence Avant
Newburyport, Mass.
(LETTERS con t.:i rni.ed on page 4)
DON IT FORGF.T TO HF.NF.W ymrn Rlffi�,"!'IH1?TION
N()T'l'rJRORRlJR RUOY WENER o·r 'l'EGROF TI NOD
Dear
•
•
•
�(3)
E D
'r.tiE i·
-
I T 0 R I A L S
1 ;� ··:NDIA..\T NE1·iS LETTER
(�rrs.) Eugenia T. Thompson
(Penobscot)
1ews and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication at the
following address:
Maine Indian Newslett er, 42 Lib rt y St., Gardiner, Me.
Zip code-04345
Tclephone-582-5435
EDITOR:
A PUBLIC CHARGE
"America has much to learn about the heritage of our American Indians.'
�hese words of John F. Kennedy, in the introduction of the American Heritage
Book nf Indians, places upon us a public charge as the old year ends and a
new year begins.
Now that t he fighting, massacring, killings arc over, (except on tv)
we must lust for a new t ruth and a new approach to the Indian problam.
We
hope that the new lust will include a desire for rBflection in ourselves
as members of a great tribe called America. To reflect of tha spiri.t which
kept our Indian trib s together in times of hardsh�p and harves�, and t o
reflect on continuing our concern for our brothers whether they b e red,
black, -yellow or white, should be our foremost resolution.
We hope for research to find the historical pag0s of misprint,
mistruths, and omissions.
We hope for a return to the history books and
replace the errors \1ith t he truth. �Je hope for this renovation so t hat our
children will read in th ir history books of proud, intelligent and cour
ageous ancestors.
We hope revenge ill not occur so our children with proper diet
and e ducation will stand straight again.
We hope that the nev year will not renege on it s prornis s and that
we all can work for a better read yest�rday, a healthier and heartier today,
and a bigger :and great r tomorrow.
(ETT)
NOTES
Don It forget to send in your renC:ffrnlcoupon in order for you to
keep on receiving the Newsletter.
Please con ti nna to send in those clip11ings of articles on Indians,
from your newspapers, newsletters, magazines, w can use.them.
Continue to send in your friends names names, as we can send them
a complementary copy of the Newsl�tter to acquaint them.
Continue to write to us telling us what t ribe you are a member of,
and what you have been doing, as the news is inter sting to our read�rs who
include your relatives, and friends.
Keep h�althly and God bless you.
1
(Continued from page 5)
Advancement Awards for Graduate Study
For more informatiQn, a student should write to the Graduate
Registration Officer of the. department in w}ich he proposes to study, or
to (Dean Robert K. Weatherall, Associat e Director of Adaissions, Room 3-132, )
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Caibridge, Mas�achusetts
02139.
�(4)
(!ETTERS continued from page 2)
Dear Editor;
Just a short letter to you, I get this Indian newsletter From Maine,
and it is a very interasted, and that is good, I think them Indians got
it made, and us Cherokees we are doing a very well, any way it good to be
alive the next thing, I will be Published the Cherokee newsletter the next
f ew months, I will be senting you one Each time.
This is what I was want to ask you about, can you sent a man a News.letter? he is a fullblood cherokee Indian, Just like I aw full blood
Cherokee, so he want to know if you can 'send him one ach month?
Here is his name.
(Editor's note:
�.Je have added his name to our mail
ing list and he will receive a subscript�on each month for as long as he is
an Indian and as long as there is n. Ma i ne Indian �cwsl�tter.)
Hes the man wants one each month, he ask 1.1e to write to you about it,
I was at Maine about year ago this month, I was at Pleasant Point, I knew
john Mi tche 11, he is at old t o,vn, Maine, also I knev1 Nary Yarmal,
Theres
is a few Pa:=;s::u,1aq1loddy Indians, that I know, and they know me to, I sing
in Cherokee for them, and they so did liked my song, I think most Ev ry
body did in state of Maine and also at Middletown Conn to:
Well best wish to every body up there:: MY N.AflE IS SAl H HAIR
HF.L LO EV �RY BODY
FROM FRIEND
Sam H Hair
Tahlequah, Okla.
•
•
•
] 1 n r-1 '-. �;.a.itor,
I am curious who contributed for my subscription.
I am v�ry pleased
to receive it monthly. I am of Wabanaki descent through Nokomis, who still
lives in South Portland, Me., and will be 82, Dec 1. She as born on Great
Chebeague Isl�nd in Casco Bay, and grew up with many of the Penobscots and
PasF;ar.1;:iqaor�<l i.e s who came there summers.
Her family stayed all year, however.
My wife is an Oklahoma Cherokee, from the city of Muskogee., and most
of her relatives live there.
rPlease enter a subscription for: Growling Bear (fenobscot)
His Chr5stian name is Francis Curtiss Nicola (Nicolar), and he is son of
Mr. and l"'irs. Ralph Nicola Sr., ..Vest St., Indian Island, Old Town, Le., grand
son of late Chief Albert Nicholar.
Growling Bear is pursuing Indian cultural employwent as a sideline.
Hf: j i:: Rn elect1·orii c b=ichni ci.an, now at IBM.
F.nclosed are three news items which may be of interest to your read
ers. I work as AP wire editor one day a week when the r gular �ire editor
has a day off.
The (Ro�e) Sentinel publishes 6 days a week. Oth�r days, I
cover Oneida ·county gcwerniaent. This is the home of the Oneida Ir.oguois
Nation, and there �s a reserve in Oneida County, and another over the line
in Madjson County, south of the City of Oneida.
The two reserves are separ
ated by Oneida Creek.
Among the Onejdas is a St. Francis Abenaqui man, Raymond Robert O'Bom
sawin, 11H� carries the torch", ( v�aban-sawino), son of the late Chief Louis
Robert 01�omsawin. The family does not curr0ntly ·reside on the reserve,
and I do �E�t have their address.
He is a high-steel man; as are many
One:i d-as.
TtJ.C Mohawks, of course, a.re ®st famous for their high-steel work.
If you want !.lOre information on who will be the next head chief
of the Iroguois League, I suggest you in'quire of the adopted son of Chief
Thomas, and please enter a subscription for him:
Richard Brewer (Onondaga)
I a:n coucer11ed lest the Penob�cot-Abena,g_ui 'dia 1 cct die out completely,
ri11cl
+h� l''l..n0�rnr•(111<••l1l.v- h,..1_,.,.,:i t:i� dialect
be so ;trl11l tr:r<-'1t.Prl t:hnt. the Maine
( 'cr.nt'i.TL'\1.•� 1: ''11 I'·<lge 5)
·
�(5?
(Continue d from page 4)
Indian Youth lose its cultural bene fit and enrichment. May I suggest lan
guage l0ssons each month in the The Newsletter?
If you like, I will start
the m, and other interested persons can continue them, fer as long as the
paper is published.
There ne ed never be an end.
Also I am pleasc.d that such progress is being mado under Commissioner
Hinckley, and I commend not only hiill but each Wabanaki illan and woman who has
dete rmination enough to stand up and speak for what the y believe is right!
Required re ading:
"The New Indians", by Stan Steiner,. 1968, Harper
and Rowe, $7.50
get it at the library!
It tells about the new "red power"
movement, and is an e xciting book.
I went to the Uniy. of New Me xico with
Herbert Blatchford (Navajo), mentioned in it. Clyde Warrior, also promin�nt
in the book, died in July, was buried near Ponca City, Okla.
The peace of the Great Spirit be with you.
Richard Bounding Elk (Gaffney)
Rome, New York
De ar Editor,
I thought you would find this article of interest and might want to
incor�orate something from it in your e xcellent newsletter.
I had a very intere sting trip into northern Quebec Province where I
visite d several Cre e and Montagnais reservations. You can i@agine my sur
prise to meet a Penobscot living on the Montagnais Boint Bleu Re serve on
Lake St. Je 8f !
In the rorth-subartic region many Indians live in tents all
ye ar round, even when the temperature dips to -60°. Non-Indians are not
allowe d to hunt on re serve lands and commercial intere sts have not yet in�
vaded their land.
Sincerely yours
Nicholas Smith
-
ADVANCE '.tEJ�T M/ARDS FOR GRADUA'rE STUDY
Fortx f�:U-9�.§l!_ip� �!}�--�.§���tantships are offere d for award in 19691970 to promising students who in pursuing thPir educational objectives have
had to overcome the handicaps of poverty or pre judice. The awards are e spec
ially interldcd for Ne groes, Spanish-Americans, Mexican-Americans, American
Indians, and residents of the Southern Appalachian and Ozark Mount�in areas.
The awards are re st ricted to U.�. citizens.
The awatds will support candidates for
Programs of graduate study.
Architecture, Biology,
the master's or Ph.D degree in the following fields:
Chemistry, City .Planning, Econo·ics, Engine�ring, Geology and Geophysics,
Linguistics, Management Mathematics, Meteorolgy, Nutritio� and Food Science,
Oce anography, Philosophy, Physics, Political Science, Psychology.
The M.I.T. General Catalogue should be consulted for details of department'
offer�ngs in these fi�lds. Programs ill be planned on an individual basis-
following th� Graduate School's normal practice--to wee t students' particular
circumstance s.
Cha�acte� of the awards.
Whether an award takes the furm of a fe llow
ship or assistantship will d0pend on the recipient's preference and the adva�:
tage s e ach t ype of award ap9ears to offer in his case. Each award �ill cover
tu'tion and provide a stipend, afte r deductions, of not less than J200 a mon��
for a single student. Awards will range higher.for students with dependents
and students giving other e vidence of financial n�ud. Awards will be renawe d
from ye ar to year, in the furm of fellowship or assistantship support, nr all
students making satisfactory progress.
Application will be on the standard M.I.T. application form for grad
uate school adwission and financial aid, obtainable from the Director of Af;.
missions., A candidate should indicate on the rorm that he wishe s to be consj0ered for an Advance ment Award. !EE._lication �h���d_J?_���d�-�February 1.
(Continued on page 3)
�(6)
DEAR READER,
IF YOU WILL REIJEl.T YOUR SUFSCRIPTIOlT TO THE
l'IBWSLETTER
YOU CM! cm.rTINUE TO RECEIVE MOi: '.!.HLY C OPIES OF MAIHE'
S OELY
H1DIAN NEWSPAPER.
YOU WILL
lJOTICE Olil YOUR MAILING LABEL THE INITIALS FOR
THE ABEREVIA TI0111
OF THE MONTHS OF
THE Y EAR.
YOU WHEN YOUR SUBSCRIPTION WILL RUN OUT.
YOUR LABEL SAYS "DEC",
J:..EY1�!l
TELL
THIS WILL
FOR EXAMPLE,
IF
YOU WILL NOT RECEIVE JANUARY'S NEHS
AS Y< flR NAME WILL HAVE EEEN TAKEN OFF THE MAILING
J.1ST.
WE HAVE ENJOYED pu·n·rnc OU T THE NEWSLETTER AND HOPE THAT YOUR
YOllR TN'll!:RF.S'f TN TT H IJ.T, COU'fJNUF..
JAS'f fAGE AND FILL OUT THE COUPON
IF SO,
AND SEND
THEN TURN TO THE
I N YOUR NAME .
MOST SINCERELY,
EUGENIA THOMPSON
U.11HANS OF THE EASTERN S EAB OR D
seahos:i:d Indians be J .•ugu.l t-o t.:hf!
They were
the Jood l and People.
All of the Atlantic
cultural di.vlfiJon kuown as
fishfng,
of all three.
primarily a hunting,
a
combination
or
an agrh:ulLural
The homes t he y built suited the
weat her
people or
and their customs.
In the �orth houses were conical shaped bark and round bark-cov
ered wigwnms.
In the central
and also bark-covtred.
of families.
by stockades.
ar e a
they were long in sh ape
Each house wa s occupied by a number
Large village s were fortified and surrounded
In the warm<"r climate, hou s es wer� open shelters
with thRtched roofs.
In the far north, Indians or t g i na te d the light birchbark canoe.
Other boats were o�Je from lozs ch�r�ed on one side and then expertly
gouged out and sh���d with sh�rp-ed5�d stones,
shElls.
For wint�r
hor�,
or strong
travel over dc.�p snow the northern Indians
invented the snowshoe and the tobagga n .
(Fr m.!_nd_ians .Qf__�h�_J:a_:-tern Sca:·rn�Td,
Price 15 cents)
201+02
Washington, D.C.
-
U.S. Pr int in g Office,
�(7)
STATEMENT IY RICHARD M.
Issued to The
NIXOl\
rational Congress of American Indians
Omaha, Nebraska,
Sept.
27,
1968
The sad plight of the American Indian is a stain on the honor of the Amer•
ican people.
Historically, thes� native Americans who shared the first Thanks
givi g and guided restless explorers across the American continent have been
deprived of their ancestral lands and reduced cy unfair federal polices and de
meaning paternalism to the status of powerless wards of a confused-Great Uhite
Father.
Today, many of the 600,000 American Indians living on reservations suffer
limitations, disabilities and indignities that few disadvantaged groups in America
suffer in equal measure.
Their infant mortality rate vastly exceeds the average
for the nation as a whole.
Their education level is inexcu!eably low in spite of increased federal
spending on Indian education,
and their motivation is sapped by an educational
structure which forces them to reject their own culture as the price of educa
tional ad,ancement.
Their unemployment rate is 10 ti�2s the national average.
Their average
family income is far below the national average and, in some areas, below $500
per year.
inety-five per cent of their housing is totally inadequate and im-
provements are stymied by bureaucratic restrictions on efficient production.
Off the reservations, many Indians, some of them unwisely relocated by
the federal government, have not been successfully assimilated and find them
selves confined to hopeless city reservations of despair because of lack of
education and
skills.
The causes of these tragic problems cannot be confined to the 19th century
era of expansion or excused as the gro,ing pains of the nation.
The Indian
people have been continuous victims of unwise and vacillating federal policies
and serious, if unintentional, mistakes.
Their plight is a citter example of
what's wrong with the bankrupt old approach to the problem of minorities.
have been treated as a colony within a nation - to be taken care of.
They
They
should - and they must - be made part of the mainstream of American life.
To their great credit, the Indian people are not occupying themselves
with the errors of the past.
Many of them - seizing thin threads of opportunity have ruade great contributions to our society.
How they are striving for a brigh
ter futu=e.
To help them reach the goals that they themselves have set and will set,
my administration will be pledged to the follouing policies:
The special relation�hip between the fed�ral government and the Indian
people and the special responsibilities of the federal government to the Indian
people will be acl�nowledged.
Te� in�tion of trib�l recognition will not be
a
policy objective, and in
no case will it be imposed without Indian consent.
·!e must recognize that American society can allow many different cultures
to flourish in harmony, and we must provide an opportunity for those Indians
wishing to do so to lead a useful and prosperous life in an Indian environment.
n1e right of self-<l("t:erm:in�tion of the Ind:i.an peo�le will be -res?ected
and thr�i.r parti.c.l.pation in planniug their m.vn d��tiny w i.11 be encom.·aged.
I will cppose any effort to t:Tn.n-,f::r juriscl • �tion over Indian Ileservations
with011t Indian consent, will fully suppo!:"t the �Ia.c.: onal Council on Indian Op�wr
tc.n:!.ty and en ure th.::!.t th� I=i.dian p'"'r,, ·1.e are fully consulted before progr�ms
unc!er l7hi.ch the!' mu�t liv� .J.r-e plrnn�d.
I '.1..l l arpo�nt a q··zli i:ir::d I:"'..C.a.a me�ber to the Indian Clair.is Co'IJlmission;
wiJ 1 s�e to it that loca1 p?"q;r�.-:i'. �::�') .:'..:<Jr, 1 buc!g �i�s .a.rn o. crn.t�d with
minimum
bureaucra�ic restraint and in f1,)
c0<i"nl t-ni..l n w:i :-ii th.e> 11�<lJ ::in people l>ho shoulO.
(Continued
on Page
D)
I
'
�(8)
(Continued from Page 7)
achieve increasing authority and responsibility over programs affecting them.
Independent school boards, funded at government expense, must be urged
for each government .. run school.
tion law and other programs.
be under Indian management.
Tribes should be urged to tate over reserva ..
Road construction and repair activities should
School service contracts for running school buses
or for operating a school lunch program, should be funded as they are now but
i
should be an activity of the Indian people themselves rather than of the federal
government •
The economic development of Indian reservations will be encouraged and the
training of the Indian people for meaningful employment on and off the reserva
tion will have high priority.
To date,
/
the basic error of attempting to ltrain the Indian work force
only for off-reservation jobs has been the major cause of the lacl: of normal
progress on the reservation.
My
administration will promote the economic development of the reservation
by offering economic incentives to private industry to locate there and provide
opportunities for Indian employment and training.
Large companies uhich have already located on reservations have been
highly impressed with the reliability and productivity of Indian workers.
companies can provide a stable economic base for a reservation and can,
should,
Such
and
be encouraged to permit the Indian people to share in the fruits of
their enterprise.
The special development problems of smaller reservations will also be
recognized and the administrators of government loan programs will be encouraged
to take businessmen's risks in sponsoring Indian enterprises.
Moreover,
the recreation and tourist potential of Indian reservations can
be improved as a source of continuing independent income which uould in turn
fuel further Indian-sponsored development.
tion.
Job training for Indian people must ce accelerated on and off the reserva
I have promised my full backing to the Vocational Education Act and will
see to it that the Indian people enjoy the full tenefits of its provisions.
'llle administration of federal programs affecting Indians will be carefully
studied to provide maximum efficiency consistent with program continuity.
A first priority of my administration will be a thorough study of the
executive branch by an independent connnission patterned on the Hoover Commission.
The coordination of the various programs affecting the Indian people will be
an important ttatter on the agenda of that commission.
I will particularly direct that attention be given both to the ultimately
desireable administration of Indian affairs and to methods by which a smooth
transition from the existing structure can be effected.
I will instruct the
commission to eliminate needless bureaucratic levels which insulate decision
making from the Indian people.
Improvement of health services to the Indian people will be a high priority
effort of my administration.
Tile Eisenhower Administration revitalized health
programs for the Indian people and sharpl
sis and the infant mortality rate.
y
reduced the death rate from tuberculo
Now new progressive steps are direly neces-
sary.
Looking to the future, my Administration will stress programs of preventive
medicine,
additional modernization of health facilities,
and assure greater
progress in the delivery of health services to the Indian people.
The Indian people have long responded to deprivation and hardship by seeking
to utilize the processes of orderly change.
termination,
Through their own ability and de
not a few of them have achieved notable success.
T·Te must seek to
demonstrate to them all that our society is responsive to their patient pleas
.and help them to live among us in prosperity,
dignity and honor.
�(9)
CJU'JADI
I DIAr� TP:.fil.ATEN Rl!.VOLT
AS P VJ1rlTY �:GULFS
·:ORTMR.i� TRIBES
by i'tichc.el Cope
TORff�TO,
town dump
Bey.
Cann.da - A pctheti c h&ndful of Can2dian India.ns f oraged in the
at noosonee, e amall subArctic settlement at the southern end of Hudson
They w ere looking for scraps of food thrown out by the white man.
Already
the bitter Arctic winter has fallen.
Deep snow covers the ground and an icy
/
wind whistles in from the ice cap and tundra.
They are Canada's second class citizens, eking out
a
humiliating,
substand-
ard existence on government handouts in filthy, tarpaper shacks.
But the crushed
Discontent in the
spirit of the once fiercely proud Redskins is rising again.
Indian tribes across Canada is boiling over into rebellion.
At Toronto, 500 miles from Noosonee, the leader of the socialist New Demo
cratic Part y warned in the Ontario Legislature: "Tµne is running out for the
white man.11
"Either
we
act quickly to remove the national shame which has char&cterized
our treatment of Indians in the past, or the difficulties of solving th e Indian
problem will become bedevilled by Red Power with all its irrationality and vio
lence born of years of f rustration and neglect. 11
The warning may be too late.
On the Canadian prairies, W'lere the big
Black.feet and Cree tribes live on larrl granted them by Engl�d 1 s "'!ueen Victoria,
the revolt has already started.
At �falo
arrows in Saskatchewan, Red Power
commcndos set fire to a �6,000 government patrol boat.
Government Indian agents
and conservation of ficers have had to arm themselves with rifles and pistols.
Isoleted white far::n ers near the restless Indian reserves have taken to
keeping a rifle as they plough their fertile wheatlands as tom-toms in the Indian
villages beat out an endless, nerve-wracking rhythm • • • •
One ·1etis (halfbreed) leader, Dr. Howard Adams, has warned the government
in Ottawa both the Cree and Blackfeet are "organizing Red Power groups and linking up with Blac� Po�er f7"0Ups in the United States.
Prime -inister Pierre
Trudeau hims elf is alanned atout the Indians.
"If there are the beginnings of
a civil war here• •• it might be the Indians or the :iietis, 11 he has admitted.
A prominent ·sociologist in Alberta, Jack Thorpe, who has spent a lifetime
working with the Indians, predicts: "Thousands are ready to revolt now.
We ·
will have riots here that will make Los Angeles and Detroit look like small stuff. 11
But while the Redskin braves oil their weapons and ochre their bodies in
western Cc.nada,
their problems.
the e astern tribes are still seeking less violent solutions to
The six-nation Iroquois in Ontario wants to send a tepresenta-
tive to the next British Commonwealth Prime l1inisters 1 Conference in London
next J anuary to negotiate their grievances - and their independence.
And in ottawa, Khan Tineta Horn, a lovely 27-year-old 1'Iohawk Indian model
and cover girl from the Caughnawaga reserve near
Iontreal carried her fight
into a federal government conference in the ornate Parliament Buildings.
There
she sent delegates screaming and scattering when she emptied a paper bagful of ,
live and dead rats onto th e chairm�n•s t able.
As television cameras recorded
it all, she yelled: "That's what the white man is using the Caughnawaga Indian
lands for today - as a garbage dump for the city of · iontreal. 11
Behind this f'estering Indian unrest across the nation are the facts and
statistics of poverty, loss of self resp ect, illiteracy c.nd a soaring birthrate which at 40 per 1,000 is even higher than the chronically overpopulated Orient and which will double Canada's present 250,000 Indian population by the end of
the century.
.
Of 35,000 Indicns surveyed by a goverrment commission, more than one-third
was on relief and
death rate was
61%
33.31
for th8ir 'WOmen
worked for less than
years (compared with
(compared to
64.1)
(From the Bengor Daily News,
6 months of each year.
60.5 for other Canadians)
••• •
12/19/68)
The average
and
34. 71
�(10)
MOHAl-)K
UPRISU G TILOCKS ERIDGE
.
MASSENA, N. Y. (AP) - Unarmed Canadian police i·Tednesday arrested 48 Mohawk
Indians who formed a human wall and blocked the international bridge lir.king
Canada and the United States.
The Indian uprising was in protest of Canada's
alleged failure to live up to the 1794 Jay Treaty.
The Mohawks, numbering about 100, had blocked the bridge with 25 automobiles.
Indian men, women and children threw their bodies in front of tow trucks sent to
clear away the wall of �iohawks and cars.
There were no reports of injuries.
Ernest Eenedict, one of the Indian leaders, spoke to the demonstrators
that were left after the bridge was cleared and called them to a community meet
ing on the St. Regis Reservation, which includes territory both in the United
States and Canada.
The Mohawks were up in arms over Canada's insistence on collecting customs
duties from the Mohawks traveling to and from their reservation on the bridge.
The Mohawks contend the bridge is reservation territory.
The demonstrators car
ried signs that read: "This is an Indian Reservation, Po Trespassing'; as they
confronted police from Cornwall Island, Ontario State Police and Royal Canadian
Mounted Police.
The Cornwall Island officers, who handle peace duties on the reservation,
made the arrests.
The officers were not armed.
Some Indian women, screaming,
epithets, vere carted off the roadway and into waiting police vehicles.
TI1e Indians hold that the Jay Treaty of 1794 - signed by Chief Justice
John Jay as a special emissary to negotiate a treaty with Eritain - guaranteed
the �lohawks the right to travel unhampered from both countries.
Mohawk spokes
men called for the five other nations of the Iroquois Confederacy to join with
the St. Regis Reservation Indians in a massive 11lndian Power" demonstration to
block traffic on the bridge.
Automobiles began to filter across the br1dge around
noon.
Mrs. Kahn
Cornwall Police Chief Allen Clark lost his hat in one scuffle.
Tineta Horn, sister of one of the leaders of the protest movement, was arrested.
The Mohnwks had sent a telegram to England-�s Queen Elizabeth, protesting
the Canadian posture on collecting customs duties.
t1embers of the tribe met
with Canadian government officials Tuesday night, but no agreement was worked out.
£Jew York State troopers shunted traffic away from the bridge on the American
side during the morning.
The 41 arrests were all on misdemeanor charges.
Benedict, a graduate of St. Lawrence University, is a worker in a Canadian.
government youth corps program.
Protest spokesmen pledged to turn out 2,000 Mohawks for a similar blocka�e
Thursday.
There are some 6,000 Indians on the sprawling reservation, split
about evenly between the American and Canadian sides of the border.
The 48 arrested were returned to Cornwall Jail after they appeared in city
court.
Their cases were ordered held at least through Friday.
Kahn Tineta
Horn was charged with obstructing police and carrying a concealed weapon.
(From the Portland Press Herald, 12/19/68)
THE
CALL
OF
THE WILD
Folksinger/actress Buffy Sainte-Marie and Los Angeles designer Marne Murray
have gone into the dress-designing business - the clothes naturally have an Indian
motif.
Among the traditional dyes used are chokecherry and sea urchin; access
ories include Navajo-type velvet blouses, leggings, and hand-loomed fringed ponchos.
Profits from these fashions .. to be sold under the label ';Maria Starblanket Maria Starblanket is
Division of Ethnics" - will help support lndian causes.
Buffy's real name.
A numberof the fasbions were pictured in a recent issue of
1V Guide.
�( 11)
DONNA BYERS, NE AL CHAPMAN l'lED I N STATE STREET CHURCH
At a ceremony Saturday evening in the State Street Church Chapel, Miss
Donna Elizabeth Byers of State Street became the bride of Neal Winslow Chapman,
son of Mr.
and Mrs. Kendri·ck J. Chapman of Grandview Avenue,
Auburn.
The
bride's parents are Mrs. Alberta R. Nicola of Center Street, Indian Island,
and Donald E. Byers of Sherman Station.
The brio.� wore a gown of ivory satin accented with ivory lace appliques ·
Her veil was caught to an ivory bow edged with
of white roses, carnations and ivy.
�earing a gown of moss green satin,
for her sister.
pearls
and she carried a cascade
Miss Mary T. Byers was maid of honor
She carried a bouquet of red cnrnations and holly.
LaForrest
P. Horton was best man.
A
Allen Peterson and John Bruno seated guests.
After
receotion was given at the Grand International Exposition.
a
trip to Boston, the bridal couple will make their home on State Street.
The brid� is a graduate of Old Town High School and the University of
Maine.
She is a social worker for the State Department of Health and Welfare
in Lewiston.
A graduate of Kents Hill School, the bridegroom is employed by the Maine
Printing Comp�ny and is assistant manager of the Gate Coffee House.
(From the Maine Sunday Telegram,
of the Penobscot Tribe.)
12/22/68.
Mrs. Chapman is a member
GOVERNMENT GRANT SEEMS AN EXAMPIE OF COMMUNICATIONS GAP FOR N.B. INDIANS
by Dean Rhodes
WOODSTOCK, N.B. - Better communications to acquaint Indians with government
decisions before ''two or three years have gone by11 is the goal of the president
of the Union of New BrunsWick Indians, St. Mery's Band Chief Harold Sapp�er.
Chief Sappier may be on the right track.
Peter Paul of the Lower ':foodstock Maliseet Village and 71 others in Canada
have been granted awards valued at more than
$300,000
by the National Museum
of Canada in ottawa.
But Paul told the NF.vs Thursday he had received no notification of his
award and didn't know what the award is for.
'What they mean by this award,
I don't know, ,. exclaimed the blue-eyed authority on Maliseet custom and language.
Although Chief Sappier was not speaking specifically of this award when
he announced his goal, it seems a fair example of the communications gap between
the Maliseet Indians and the government.
Reports in the Canadian Press said
awards were granted Paul and the others to cover study and research carried out
during recent months.
The 66-year-old Maliseet has analyzed Maliseet language with the head of
·Harvard's linguistics department,
Karl V. Teeter, but Paul doesn't know whether
a month's work here with Teeter last July helped to earn the award.
The stud:i:ous
'throwback" who knows almost as much about the Maliseets as
did his grand�arents, has worked for years at Canada's National Mu�eum in Ottawa
in winter.
There, ethuol0risl.. ,ord n Day ext.r:ict.s in.fol'mat.i.on on the Maliseets'
dying language,
foJklore and culture.
Paul is due to return to the National
Museum next month, and Dr. Day, laboring a bit like a dentist, again will operate
on the Maliseet authority.
Amidst fossils, stuffed animals and more than
27,000
Indian and Eskimo
items in a room off limits to the public, and little known, behind-the-scenes
work will go on.
Paul and Day will tape record Maliseet names of Indian items moccasin laces, for instance, 'Chuch-Kwenob-I-Nul. ''
Paul is a rare find among his
1,500
Maliseet brothers because culturally
and linguistically his tribe is practically Anelo�q�xon.
(Continued on Page
12)
A cooper .by trade,
�( 12 )
( Continued from Page 11 )
Paul was raised by grandparents after his parents died following his birth , and
thus he be came familiar with Maliseet language and folkways .
The Woodstock
Re servation ' s School had white teachers nfter 1911 , with Maliseet language
discouraged ,
Children o� the 150-mernber band today attend s chool in the white
man ' s town .
The Maliseets have become angli ci zed .
While as similation of Maliseet and white man accelerates , Paul helps Day
salvage a culture be fore it dies .
( From the Bangor Daily News , 1/3 /69 )
" UD ALL ' S FREEZE'' STIRS ALASKA
ANCHORAGE , Alaska - The first topi c of convers ation here in sub-zero wear · Udall ' s Freeze , " whi ch is now
ther is not the weather but Udall ' s Freeze . 1 •
two year ' s old , was the sequestering by Secretary of the Interior Stewart L .
Udall o f. all federal lands i n Alaska until the century-old question o f native
The federal government still owns about
land claims is settled by Congress .
97% of Alaska ' s 3 75 -mi llion acres .
1"1hile the freeze i s on , the state c annot get title to the federal lands
Nor will the federal
it is authorized to select under the 1958 Statehood Act .
government offer any of its own lands for mineral leases , either non-competitive
or through competitive bidding .
11fi th the exceptions o f perhaps most of the state s 5 5 , 000 "natives " (Eskimo ,
Indians and Aleuts ) , the fre e ze has virtually all Alaskans very hot under their
fur collars .
Republican Gov . alter J. Hicke l , whom President-elect Nixon has
chosen to suc ceed Udall , is no exception .
When a reporter brought the subject up during an interview in the Governor ' s
snow-banked home here , the Governor was more cautious than he had been in Seattle
iust after Nixon named him.
Then he had snapped , .fu at Udall can do by execu
tive order , I can undo . '' . .
Beyond the old , vexed question of the natives ' c laim to their immemorial
hunting , fishing and trapping grounds , there is now the question of who owns
the potential oil-bearing lands and thus does the competitive leasing which
produces the rich " bonuse s " at the outset and hope fully the even ri cher royalties .
t"lli a t is to be the natives ' fair share ?
And what the state ' s ?
Hicke l is very
sensitive to any suggestion that he is not s�athet i c to the natives and their
claims . . . .
/
Udall ins ists he had to impose the land freeze be cause o f a conflict in
the laws .
There are those who doubt whether Udall would have taken his action
in December , 1966 , i f it had not been for the fact that the natives were sudden
ly filing thousands of prote sts against leases and appli cations for leases . . . .
The Governor argue s it would have been pos sible to go forward with state
s ele ction of land and where there was a con fli ct with Indian c laims , the money
from the leases could . have been put into a trust fund by mutual consent of
Congre s s , the Interior Department , the state and the Alaska Federation o f Natives ,
representing the villages . . . .
( From +.he Bangor Daily News , 1/3 /69 )
11
1•
.
MORE ON THE J AY TREATY
( See Page 10 )
The Portland Pre�s -Herald of December 20th reported that
chiefs of the 6 Nations of the massive Iroquois Confederacy met on the St . Regis
Reservation December 19th regarding the recent bitter demonstrations agairlst
the Canadian government .
The chie fs were to meet in the longhouse of the Mohawk
Tribe and were expected to call for a moderate approach that would give Canada
a chance to act on the Indian request to honor the 174-year-old treaty .
Canada holds that it was not a nation when the treaty was signed by the
( Continued on Page 13 )
�=
-
( 13 )
,
( Continued from Page 12 )
United Stat e s and Canada and has held firm on its right to charge customs due s
to the Mohawks .
The Portland E.xpre s s o f De cember 19th reported that the Jay Treaty was
re a ffirmed be tween the two countries in Ghent ; Belgium , after the War of 1812 .
r.anada J however , whi ch did not be come a nation until 186 7 , neve r rati fied the
document .
Canadian law spe cifies that legis lative action must be taken before
a treaty has the force of law .
Erne st Benedict , chie f of the Indians on Cornwall Is land , in an open
letter to the Canadian people and government , said , ' '�rle have bec ome victims o f
a gre at error o n the part o f your government . ''
Benedict s a i d h i s people
were re ceiving support , both monetary and moral , from other Indian tribe s i n
the United State s and Canad 3 .
Sources s aid i t has only been i n the past 3
w_e eks that Canadian customs o f fi cials began collecting duty on goods taken int o
Canada from the United State s .
A th orcragh study and the text o f the Jay Treaty may be found in " Jay '.s
Tre � ty : A Study in Commerce and Diplomacy , · by Samuel Flagg Bemi s (Yale Unj ve rsity
Pres� , New Haven and London , 1962 ) .
Sj gni fi c ant port ions o f the treaty include the following from Arti c l e 3 :
'' It i s ' agreed that it shall at all Times be free to
His Maj e s ty ' s Sub j e cts , and to the Citi zens o f the United
Stat e s
and also to the Indians dwelling on either s ide o f
the s aid B�undary Line freely to pas s and repass b y Land , o r
Inland Navigation , into the re spe ctive Territories and Coun
tri e s of the Two Parties on the Continent of Ameri c a ( the
Country within the Limits of the Hud s on ' s Bay Com any only
excepted ) and to navigate all the Lakes , Rivers and waters
there o f , and freely t o c arry on trade and commerce with each
other . . . .
No Duty o f Entry shall ever be levied by eithe r Party on
Peltrie s brought by Land or Inland Navigation into the s aid
Territories re spective ly nor shall the Indians pas s ing or re
pass ing with thei r own Proper Goods and Effe cts of whatever
nature pay for the same any Impost or Duty whatever .
But
Goods in bale s or other large Package s unusual among Indians
shall not be cons ide red as Goods belonging bonafide to Indians . . . . ''
The rights of Indians under the Jay Treaty are also di scus sed in volume
III , page 753 , and volume V , pages 179 , 244 , 245 , and 383 , Digest o f International
Law ( Washi ngton , Gove rnment Printi ng Offi ce , 1942 , 1943 ) by Green Haywood
Hackworth .
EDUCATION NEW S FROM THE
Haverford
Co l l ege ,
near Phi l ade lphia , we l come s Ind ian
S cho l ar s hi p s are ava i lab le .
Co l l ege ,
Haver f ord ,
Wr i t e t o :
Penn sy lvania 1904 1 ,
in forma t ion •
. !LOTA s cho lar ships this y e ar go
Owyhe e ,
p ew a )
N.Y.
1001 7 )
s t ud ent s .
Have rford
or wr i t e to !LOTA and we wi l l get you
to Maureen Manning
of New Jer sey , who wi l l at tend air line s t ewarde s s
New York ,
(men)
D i re c t or of Admi s s ion s ,
Nevada , who at tend s Ba cone Co l l eg e i n Okl ahoma ;
(From t he News l e t ter of
Place ,
INDIAN LEAGUE OF THE AMERICAS
the Ind ian Leage of
( S ho s �one -Pa iu t e )
and Sandr a Henry
of
(Chip
s choo l in Har t ford ,
t he Amer i c a s ,
Conn .
S � Tudor Ci ty
D ID YOU KNOW THAT
Boy S cout s
from R ichmond and Dre sden and G ir l S c9u t s from Woo lw i ch r e re n t ly 1we l "
comed four
Indian g ir l s
from the Pol an d Spring Job Cor p s Cen t er ?
gir l s wer e Dar lene Henhawk
Te p s ich ,
of
( S en e c a )
and Ad e laide Hi ckman
the Cho c t aw Tr ib e .
from Seneca ,
from Penn sy lvan ia >
N.Y. ,
The
Ind l an
and Ro s ie Greene ,
Anna
T.ou1 s i an fl and Tenne see , memb er s
�( 14 )
CANAD IAN GRANTS PROGRAM
F our t e e n Alb e r t a Ind ian band s
men t s gran t s - t o -band s program .
gran t s
are now oper a t ing under
And ,
of
the
t o run the ir own admin i s tra t ion .
commun i ty programs ,
t ion gran t s .
14 ,
the
Canad ian gove rn
s ix have r e c e ived ou tright
The gran t s cover
admin i s tra t ion c o s t s ,
the c o s t of b a s i c
s u c h as
t o s t aff , a n d re crea
s a lar i e s
The rema i n ing e ight band s have been g iven gran t s to b egan an admin i s tra
t ion
training program t o enab l e Ind i an s t aff on t he vari ous re serve s to be
t augh t admi n i s trat ion procedur e s .
" The l\rogram is g o ing a l ong we l l now , 11
o f admini s tr a t ion with
peop l e are g e t t ing more and more
$ 2 , 200 to $ 34 5 , 8 5 6 ,
s a id Vern Bou l tbee ,
invo lved . "
depend ing on the
(Gran t s
programs and the
to
p a s s re s o lu t ions
s aid .
1969 .
say ing
" The b and s ,
at
that
" The
the bands range from
s i z e of
the b and s . )
A l l the gran t s cover the f inal par t of t he Ind ian a f fa ir s '
which end s in Mar ch ,
supervi sor
the reg ion a l Ind ian a f f a i r s o f f i ce in Edmonton .
f i s c a l year
time , wi l l be reque s ted
they wan t to c ont inue with the program , " Mr .
to
Bou l tbee
1he Ind i an a f fairs depar tmen t has n o t r e c e ived any o t her app l i cat ions
t o oper a t e under
the program ,
but more are expe c ted from o ther Ind ian band s
when t he new f i s ca l year approache s
•
•
•
(From the Ind i an Re cord , Winn ipeg ,
Mani toba ,
Canada ,
De cember 1 9 6 8 )
OGI..ALA S IOUX T O S TAR IN "A MAN CALLED HORSE"
Edward Li t t le Sky ,
Hor s e ,
C a l l e d Hor s e . "
t i on ,
a fu l l -b lood Og l a l a Sioux and a grand nephew of crazy
has been s igned by producer Sandy Howard for the "heavy" ro le in "A Man
A one - t ime rod e o r ider from Sou th Dako t a ' s Pine R idge R e s erva
he wa s brought
to p i c ture s by Wa l t D i sney and recent ly fini shed a gue s t
s t ar r o l e i n ·a s egment o f '!V ' s " The V irginian . "
In Durango ,
t he
Mex i c o ,
he j o in s 6 5 Bru le Sioux ,
brothers o f t he Ogl a l a in
Te ton group , who have b e en broug h t from the Rosebud Re s ervat ion to b e t he
extr a s .
The mov ie i s a s tory of an ' Eng l i sh ar i s t ocrat cap tured by Ind ian s in 1 8 25
and
the ar i s t o cr a t wi l l be p l ayed by Br i t a in ' s Dame Jud i t h And e r s on .
Ander s on i s
l earn in g
Mr . Ri chard Harr i s is b e ing taught the S i oux language by Mr s .
S i oux .
Pre t tyb ird .
the he l p o f
Ol ive
Harr i s wi l l p l ay a whi t e s lave who achieve s warrior s ta t u s wi t h
·
t he ch i e f ,
L i t t l e Sky .
E i g h ty percent of
the d ia logu e wi l l be in
( Lako t a ) and au t he n t i c i ty
coun try
Mi s s
the S ioux language and wi l l appear a s a s quaw speaking
is
s tr e s sed •
• •
Later ,
the original S ioux language
the locat ion wi l l be in Sioux
• • •
(F rom the R o s ebud S ioux Herald and the Nat ive Nevadan)
CLER IC CIAIMS WHI TE S BROKE VOW TO INDIANS
Plymou t h ,
Ma s s .
-
(UPI)
- The Rev .
Gerald Kr i c� say s Ameri can s have broken
a 34 7 -year -o ld vow - made t o t he Ind ians af ter the f ir s t Thank s g iv ing - that
the whi t e s e t t l e r s "would no t wrong them or g ive them any jus t
Kr i ck ,
The Rev .
s a id the Ind i an s were
o f t hanks in 16 2 1 .
cau se aga in s t u s . "
speaking y e s t erday from the s i te o f t he f ir s t Thank s g iving ,
large ly r e spon s ib le for t he s e n t ler s '
survival and fe a s t
B u t whi t e Ama r i ca , h e s a id , ha s proved i t s e l f "ungrateful"
b y turning its back on the Ind ian when he n e e d s he lp .
The Rev .
Kr i ck t o l d a Thank s g iv ing c ongregat ion dre s s e d in t he c lo th e s
tha t t he or i g in a l s e t t ler s wer e s o thankf u l to t h e Ind ian s
11
"We wou ld no t wrong them or g ive them any j u s t cau s e again s t u s .
o f t h e ir f ore f ather s
t hey p l edged :
(From the
Prov id ence
(R . I . ) Evening B u l le t in ,
1 1 / 29 / 6 8 )
�MAINE I ND IAN NEWSLETTER
42 LIBER TY S TREET
GARD INER , MAINE
04 345
DON ' T DELAY !
TO GET LOCAL AND LONG D IS TANCE INDIAN NEWS , DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR EACH MONTH !
The fo l lowing sub s cr i p t ion r a t e s are
charged for a 1 2 -month sub s cr ipt ion to
THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Indian
- FREE
Non - Ind ian (Regular )
- $ 2 . 00/year
"
(Con tr ibu t ing ) - $ 5 . 00/year
"
( Suppor t ing )
-$ 10 . 00 / ye ar
"
(Lifet ime )
- $ 50 . 00/year
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
live , f i l l out and s end in the sub
s c� ip t ion s l ip (below) W ITH the appr o
pri a t e amoun t .
Your sub s cr i p t ion
wi l l begin with the next availab le
i ssue a f t er your sub s cr i p t ion s l ip
ls received .
If you ar e an INDIAN , wherever you l ive ,
f i l l out and send in the sub s cr ip t ion
s l ip
(b e l ow ) ,
iden t i fy ing your Tr ibe
and enc l o s ing NO money .
The addr e s s l abe l s . ind i ca t e the s tatus
"F-I" means
of your sub s cr iption .
"Free -Indian . "
The abbreviat ion o f
a month ( JAN) i s the time - next y ear your sub s cr ipt ion fee wil l again �e
� ill!, � ge t !.!!. ind iyidual
due .
{Com
expir a t ion no t ice , � � �!
p l imentary and Exchange sub s cr ip t ion s
do not require renewal . )
·
� - - -� -- - - - -�- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ·�� - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �-- - - - - - - -- --�- - - - -�· - - - - - -
I would l ike to receive mon thly regular i s sue s o f the Maine Indian News le t ter :
�
DATE__
_
__
__
_
__
NON-INDIAN
ADQRESS
I� IAN
n
-
--=�
( S tree t or P . O . B ox )
(C i ty
S t ate
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Cod e )
Indian -0- ;
TRIBE------
_
_
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_
Non-Ind tan - $ 2
(Regular ) ;
$ 10 ( Suppor ting ) ;
Send this s l ip > with your sub s cr ipt ion charge >
$ 50
$5
if appl i c ab l e ,
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Liberty S tree t , Gardiner , Maine
(Con tr ibu ting ) ;
( L i fe time )
to :
04345
- · - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ·- � - - - - - - '
D on ' t forge t your ZIP Code !
�/
MAINE INDIAN NEW SLETTER
BULK RATE
U. S.
Gar d iner >
Ma i n e
POS TAG E
3 . 6 ¢ PAID
4 2 Lib er ty S tr e e t
Free por t , Maine
04345
Permi t No .
ADDRE S S CORRECTI ON
REQU E S TE D
ib r &T Y
e ge
Co lb y C o l l
C o l le ge
Co lb y
04 90 1
, Ma in•
W te x v i l l e
J
33
�
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Dec. 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-12
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
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pdf
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DV-457
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/f3ec66f8fef9452a1ca8ddbe670d0f19.pdf
afc4b0245f1eee4aa04fba109e78f5bc
PDF Text
Text
VOLUl!E 2,
I•Jtn.IrER 12
AUGUCT
1968
FIRST TEACHER OP.IEHTATIOl! HELD
AUGUSTA - A historic meeting ·1as held in Augusta on August 13th - the
first orientation program ever provided for the teachers in the � reservation
schools.
Organized by tir. Louis· Doyle, Coordinator of the Diocesan Division of
India n Services, and Hother Hary Denb; .Mother_.General, Order -6£ the Sisters :of::.--
Uercy,
those in attendance included representatives of the 3 Reservations, the
Unitarian Universalist Service Committee, the American Friends Service Committee>
the Division of Indian Services, Pesleyan University, Passamaquoddy CAP, the
State Departments of Indian Affairs and Education and - of �ourse - the teaching
staffs of the 3 Reservation schools for the 1968-1969 school year.
l
'i'he teaching assignments for the coming school year are as follows:
Sister Mary Cyril - Principal
Pleasant Point School
Sister Mary Judith
Sister �1ary teatrice
Sister Mary I:ladonna - Principal
Indian Township School
Sister M.ary Colman
Penobscot School
-
.Sister Mary Eorraa - Principal
Sister �iary David
Mrs.
All but Sister Madonna and 11rs.
The Dept.
Christina Jones
(Kindergarten)
Jones were present at the orientation meeting.
of Education is in the process of recruiting a fourth teacher for the
Pleasant Point School,
to relieve overcro·wded classes.
Sister
.eatrice, who
__
began uork.at Pleasant Point last year under a special federally funded education
al program, is a member of the Passamaquoddy Tribe, and will be returning this ·
year as part of the regular staff.--her assignment uill probably be to the primary
grades,
here he acility to speak both English and Passamaquoddy will be most
helpful to the students.
'!he content of the orientation program, which consisted largely of informal
"round-table'; discussions,
emphasized the need for the teachers to be inno1lative
and imaginative in planning programs and special activities for the students;
the necessity for the teachers to consider themselves members of the conmrunity
and not just school teachers;
and ways of improving individual communications
e�ieen the school staffs and the students'
parents.
Conunissioner Hinckley point
ed out that teachers in other Indian schools generally participate•· in 2-week
long orientation programs,
and everyone agreed that similar sessions should be
planned during the school year.
Ir. Doyle stated that,
judging from the number of students successfully
completing elementary and Qigb school programs in the past,
there was certainly
need for improvement in techniques and methods of teaching, with more attention
being paid to the cultural and historical background of the Indian students.
Connected with this new interest in Indian education by the tribes,
the Diocese
and the state is the fact that this year - for the first time - all of the Reser
vation school teachers are volunteers from l.Yithin the Order of the Sisters of
Mercy.
They were all given special orientation materials assembled by Nr.
Doyle and Mr.
Hinckley.
(Continued on Page
2}
.J
�(2)
(Continued from Page 1)
Some of the discussion questions presented to the group by Hr. Doyle,
who
served as moderator, were:
How do Indian communities differ from non-Indian conununities?
�·Jhat may be the Sisters' role in the collDllUnity besides that of teacher?
·Jhat social, economic and educational proolems may the Sisters expect
to meet?
T·Jhat agencies and/or individuals may the Sisters call upon for cooperation?
How may the Sisters and the State Dept. of Education best cooperate to achieve
maximum benefits for the children?
In addi ton to the Sisters, Nr. Doyle and Indian Commissioner Hincl-:ley, the
following participated in the orientation program: Sister Mary Caritas, R.H., of
the Division of Indian Services; Father
ernard i..·iicknair, Pleasant Point Chaplain;
Father r,omeo St. Pierre, Penobscot Chaplain; Nr. �7ayne .ewell, American Friends
Service Committee fieldworl�er; Dr. Hillard �fall er, Professor of Anthropology,
and Miss l1yra Rothenberg, graduate student in Anthropology, Wesleyan University;
Indian Township Governor John Stevens; Pleasant Point Governor Joseph Hitchell;
Penobscot Lt. Governor Frederick Nico a; Passama�uoddy CAP Director Archie La
Coote; Dept. of Education representative Ro ert Jones; and Mr. Brad Greeley,
�
representing the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee.
The program-was held
at the Oblate Fathers Retreat House in Augusta, from 10:00 A.M. to 3:30 P.M.
PEdO:SCOTS HAKE NOHII!ATIONS FOll �InAL OFFICES
OLD TCUN
-
The Old Town Indians beat the Republicans and the Democrats as
far as nominating candidates goes
Tuesday evening, ·uhen they met at the Penobscot
Indian Tribal Hall and selected people to run for the offices of Governor, Lt.
Governor,
Representative at the Legislature,
and for posts on the 12-man Council.
Among those nominated �ere the follodng:
the present governor,
for Lt.
and Frederick Hicola,
Governor, Donald_ Daigle,
present representative,
Phillips,
Violet Francis,
Lolar, '.·!ilfred Pehrson,
Sappier, Irving Ranco,
Lyers and Eita Dana.
unopposed;
unopposed;
For Governor,
John Mitchell,
the present lieutenant governor;
for Representative,
John Helson,
for the Council, Vivian Massey,
Evelyn Sapiel,
John Sappiel,
Ernest Goslin,
llick Sappiel,
Matthew hitchell,
Eva Bisulca,
Ernestine Tomer,
Sebastian Francis,
the
.1..:eatrice
ernice
Teresa
Gale Daigle, Mary
Rules and regulations governing the pre-election activities and the actual
voting on September 10th were set up.
nie candidates uere reported already out
campaigning.
(From the fJangor Daily
Hews, 8/7/68)
'P..AVAJO COURSE ADDED BY EAU
FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. - Horthern Arizona University this fall will begin teach
ing the literary traditions of the Navajo people to Eavajo students, in the Uav
NAU ·will add a new course - 1:-!avajo composition and oral litera•
ajo language.
The course
ture - to its modern language program in the Athabascan language.
\·dll be taught in lJavajo.
The new course is designed to formalize the basic structure - spelling and
grammar·- of Navajo as it has been reduced to ·wr'itten form by modern students
of linguistics, and to encourage l!avajo speakers to read and write effectively
in their native language�
(From the Navajo Times,
8/8/68)
DID YOU Irna·r THAT
three �Tinnebago Indian boys from their reservation in Pebraska received summer
Camp Director
camp scholarships this year at Camp \1Tinnebago, in Fayette, Maine?
Howard Lillenthal plans to add two new Winnebago scholarships each year until
there are 2 tr�bal members in each of the camp's seven age brackets.
�- 3 E
D
I
T
0
R
I
A
L
S
THE MAINE INDIA..� I\1EWSLETTER
(Mrs.) Eugenia �. Thompson
EDITOR:
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at any of the following addresses:
Maine Indian Newsletter
42 Liberty Street, Gardiner, Maine 04345
or
�ry Yarmal
Pleasant Point Reservation
Perry, Maine 04667
or
Morris Brooks
Indian Township
Princeton, Maine 04668
or
Carol Dana
Indian Island
Old Town, Maine 04'68
HAPPY BIRTlIDAY
Early in
The Maine Indian Newsletter is two years old this month!
our two year history we ran into msny problems which had to be ironed
out, however none of them prooved to be insurmountable. Finances was one,
A third was help in putting the Newsletter together
PrJnting was another.
once it was pri.I)ted. A mailing list had to be compiled and a way to obtain
local news tirom the reservations was sought after.
Before starting out with the new venture we talked to several people
from each of the reservations and several other friends to see what they
Most were very helpthought of the idea and to solicit their advice.
ful but ene tribal governor would not answer our letter.s and left home
t\nTly one sunday morning when we told him we would be on the reservation
that day hoping to talk with him!
In those days the Newsletter was to be free until e>�penses became too
high.
Subscriptions neared the 800 mark before it became necessary to
charge. We expected our readership to be cut in half and sure enough this
is what happened.
This was at the end of the first year and five months.
Since charging for the Newsletter the readership has climbed back up to
nearly 800 once more. We have rea9ers all over the United States, in
Canada, Hungary, The Netherlands, Camal �one, and So. Vietnam.
Soon a copy
The Bells (He's from
ill be going to Scotland to Harry and Mary nell.
Scotland and she's from Ireland) have helped put the Newsletter together
several times, and told� us ·that they would like to continue hearing about
Maine's Indians after their return to Scotland.
One Newsletter uas passed from hand to hand until 12 different adults
had read it. So there's no telling just how many readers we actually have.
We are always after interesting articles and expecially local news
from the three reservations in Maine. -Occasionally we are told how some
one objects to an article published but when we ask the prson to send in
Usually we
a reply he sometimes doesn't, for any number of reasons.
print ever thin
•
�- 4 FACE TO FACE
With A White G�rl
ifho Lives On A Navajo Reservation
"The only thing white about me is my skin, and I was born with that.
In every other way I'm an Indian," says ;Jyona Smith, 17, who spent the
first fifteen years of her life on a Navajo reserv�tion in Arizona,
where her family operates a trading post.
"I've been away at boarding
school for the past two years, and I've found that I can succeed in the
white man's world (I 1«1as valedictorian of L1y class), but I haven't
been happy or made close friends.
"Life on the reservation is so wonderfully siliiple and beautiful.
The colors of the mesa chan6e constantly, and each rock has its own
personality.
Living so close to the land, the Indian becomes part of
it; there's a sense of nearness to nature, &nd God's presence is every
where.
White people can't seem to comprehend this.
dhen they visit our
house, they're so surprised to see our pet goat sitting on the couch
they say, 'It's cute' or 'Ooh, how unsanitary.t
But the Indian can
accept such a situation because he feels a kinship to all creatures.
han is no better than the animals-just different."
·vhen vifyona left
the reservation, she 11as struck by the great difference betNeen Indian
and white teen-agers.
"At boarding school the gr'"'ut goal •1as to be as
independent as possible, to break as many fa1nily ties as you could.
My Ind.ian friends 'irnuld never think this way.
11t parties on the reser
vation the whole family coues, not just the children, and ev ryone's
relaxed.
·rhe difference lies in the fact that Indian parents are
always open and honest with their children.
hen a young white child
asks his parents how a baby is born, they may ignore the question or
make up a silly lie; a Navajo simply explains the facts of conception.
Many white teens I've met seem confused about who they are, and I think
that's due to their p�rents-parents who are too insecure to be honest
and to enforce rules of conduct.
An Indian doesn't CJre about possessio�
or status; he knows his place in the universe.
1iy Navajo friends
respect their parents (even after they're married, the father is still
head of the fo.lilily), the tribe leaders and theh1selves. 11
·;Jyona feels com1::-1etely at home on the reservation but says, "I 1 m
never really relaxed around white people, except my ovn family.
Even
my speech reflects this.
An Indian would say, 'I have a pen red' in
stead of 'I have a red pen.'
1.Vhen I'm with white pebple, I make these
I'm also
slips speaking Bnglish - my thought patterns are Navajo.
If you put your
more relaxed with Indians because they're so honest.
faith in a Navajo, you'll never regret it; he'll always return your
trust.
But a white man will profilise one thing - and do the opposite.
Maybe it's because he lives in such an impersonal '"'orld that he's
By breaking avmy from nature, he divorces
always protecting himself.
•
himself frora his fe1low man. 11
t
"On cold winter aights
vvyona was brought up on Navajo legends.
my family sits around the· fireside and talks about the Mai-tao, the
The I·;ai-tso runs
Navajo werewolf - far fiercer than the English one.
the hogans and graves of the wealthy
faster than a horse, away frow
It can bewitch a ierson by gettins a lock of his
Indians it robs.
hair or fingernail parings; that's why feoJ./ NC:Lvajos cut their hair or
I beli J ve these le�ends - and if you believe in something,
nails.
it exists."
According to Wyona an Indian can accept anything he se·s, even the
(Continued on page 5)
�- 5 (Continued from page
4)
fantastic.
"Recently w e saw a cigar-shaped, glowing object hovering
overh ad - a flying saucer.
The tribe took it so calmly.
A Navajo
came into
he trading post and said, 'I saw a flying saucer.'
There
was no panic, no fear of being invaded; just
calm acceptance.
�
�
"There is a great deal of poverty and misery on the reservation,
c.nd large the Indian is resigned to his lot.
rfuch of his real
unhappiness is due to the white lllan - who took
the Indian's land and
refused to admit that the Indian's way of life has 8erit.
but by
"It's a culture worth preserving because it's noble and one of the
left to the Navajo.
The Indians I know would never try to
few things
change the white man,
in peace?tt
,
(From
SEVENTEEN,
July
why can't the white man allow
1968,
p.
the
IndiRn to
live
85.)
RECIPES
BROILED
(Makes
l� pounds
4
REINDEERBURGERS
Servings)
ground venison
16 strips fat back or
3 scallions, minced
4 round buns, toasted
14 cup dry red wine
bacon about
211
long
Salt to taste
Fresh ground pepper to taste
1.
Shape the ground venison intofour thick patties.
Lay two strips fat back or bacon on the top of each patty,
Place
then arrange patties bacon side down on a long-hangled rack.
Secure
two strips fat back or bacon on face up side of the patties.
2.
in rack,
and broil for two minutes on a side over glowing co2ls.
Broil about 4"
away from the coals.
Top each with scallions,
Remove at once to toasted buns.
1 tablespoon dry red wine, and a generous sprinkling of salt and
3.
pepper.
Reindeerburgers may be pan-broiled in bacon drippings - about
'
minutes per side for rare; or they may be broiled in the oven.
with strips of fat back or bacon, and
For oven brni�ing, top each patty
NOTE:
2
3
-
Al 1
nw
nh0nt
3
-
l� mi..nntei:; per side for rare.
dELCOME
TO SEBAYICK
The junction of route one and the Eaotport road has a new sign
since Indian Day.
The large, eight foot by sixteen foot sign welcooes
the visitor to Sebayick home of the Passamaquoddy Indians (e branch of
The sign was ere�ted by the Catholic mission
the Algonquian Indians.)
and was the project of Father Nicknair,
There is also a smaller sign
Since the signs have been
at the north entrance of the reservation.
put up, an increase in the number of cars passing through the
reservation has been noticed
a
s to
(THE
re
selling
-
- might
Indian goods.
WIGWAN WE�iXLY,
Vol.
1, # 19,
Aug.
be a chance for so . .ieone to open
20, 1968)
�- 6 CONFERENCE ON HUMAN R IGH TS & THE INDIAN
Held
at TOBIQUE
INDIAN
RESERVE on �ugust
28, 29,�nnd 30, 1968
The Conference had several excellent speakers and the topics
under discussion are all very timely.
Following is a list of subjects under discussion:
Indian
Treaty Rights
�merican Indian &
The
Law
Culture Of New Brunswick Indians
& Indian Sducation
Hu man Rights
Human Rights & Indian Culture
/
Among those taking
Chief
Tobique
i'1aine,
Indian Reserve,
Morris
for the
part in the Conference are Dennis Nicholas,
Joseph
Nicholas of Sebayick,
Brooks of Me,dakmigoog,
Newsletter,
and Ray Fadden,
MUSEUM in up state New York.
articles on Ray and his work.
reprinted in
the
near
Princeton,
near Perry,
Maine,
a reporter
Curator of the SIX NATIONS
The Newsletter has
INDIAN
printed several
Also much information from Ray has been
Newsletter.
Several other outstanding people are also on the program.
ARE INDIANS CITIZENS?
YES.
�Ll
On June
Indians,
2, 1924
born
in
Congress enacted a law conferring citizenship upon
the territorial limits of the
United
States.
Prior to that time citizenship had been conferred upon approximately
two thirds of the Indians thru treaty agreewents, statutes, and
na�ura lization proceedings.
From the U.S. Department df
(Reprinten
(Reprint�cl
Feb,
B.I.A.
15,
1968.)
YOU KNOVI
DID
tribes in
Interior,
from Menominee Prints,
20
- that in 1967, 304,ooo Indians belonging to
states benefited from OEO programs.
fJ:om Gr��t _ 1§lk e � .J�.Q_i:�n CQ_n�:iunity Vmice,
Feb.
114
19, 1968.)
Studies have shown that our poverty-stricken famiJies suff'er most
cruelly from lack of consumer protection and
1ack of buyer know-how.
I consider this the most urgent challenge in the field of consumer
informRtion and education • • • •
Today
34
million Americans
-
7 millio� f�milies - must try to
stretch poverty-level incomes.to meet
living
costs;
•
•
•
these
people
plagued by consumer problems unknown to the affluent @ajority.
(Excerpt
from Spec�a� Message to Congress by Pres.
and reprinted from Great
Lilkes
Lyndon B.
Indian Cmmmunity Voice.)
Johnson,
TREES
On .Monday and Tuesday,
visit
of the
Pleasant Point and
tribe
possibly some
the
Sept.
Indian
9
and
Township
10,
Jerry
Goodall plans to
to discuss
with some members
planting of some pine trees at Pleasant Point and
ash on swamp land at the Township.
great deal of interest
There
seems to be a
in the projects among the Passamaquoddy.
a�e
�- 7 (Continued from page
him.
3)
Each one o f u s should form our o�m opinion from the information
available.
After the second issue, I received a letter from a white lady
tellin g me I should never publish such
an anti-Indian article in an
Indian publication.
(Howeve·r the lady indicated that I didn't understand
Indians like she did.)
It was following this that I started putting my
Tribe following my name.
Indeed! This non-Indian, arm chair philosopher
understood how Indians think
better than I did!
Certainly all Indians
do not think as l do but I think
Indians are just as capable as -white
people in reading more than one side
of an issue and making up their own
mind as to what they think.
From necessity some very fiaeletters and articles are not published,
csually due to lack of space, but
some times due to other reasons, which
I feel no compulsion to go into at
this time.
An Eagle Feather should go to VISTA Bill Rupert and
to_ Virginia Francis
and to the others who had any part in saving the life -0f five year old
Kathleen Lewey at Pleasant Point.
(See story on page 20)
Sometimes, after
its all over we wonder if such federal
programs as VISTA really accomplish
any more than to keep young people out of the labor market,
it seems to be a place for college drop outs to R.
and sometimes
& R. while they "find
themselves" and decide what they want to do with their lives,
neither of
which is bad in itself.
Som�times this means its a little tougher for
serious people like I'm told the Ruperts are to 11reach" the people they
want to work with.
•rom what Mary Yarmal and others told my husband, Bill
has earned the respect of all of us because of his efforts which saved,
this little girl's life.
At least once during the time Bill was administering
mouth to mouth resusitation, no pulse could be felt and there was some
talk by some of discontinuing the efforts, but with hope all but gone the
efforts were continued and a life was saved.
This may make it tough on other VISTAs who do not have a life to save
in order to prove their sincer1Hy and I certainly do not want to indicate
that Bill is the only VISTA who has actually benefited the Indians of
Maine; but I do want Bill to know that we are all espec.fally grateful to
him for what he has done.
LETTERS
Dear Maine Indians:
«ust a line here to say I would like to be on y8ur mailing list of the
Maine Indian Newsletter.
I teach Indian Arts and C:rafts,
pottery & ceramics.
some white man's art too.
Soon
'nlank you very much.
As ever a Fellow Indian,
Miss Pauline Walisise
Tappinish, Washington
Sir:
Would you please. send the Indian Newsletter to my brother Fred Peters,
Uooddawn Ave Hyannis,
Mass.
Indian name is Sly Fox, Wampanoag.
Our father was from Gay Head on Martha's Vineyard and our mother
Micmac.
I am mailing you
2.00
to help with your expenses.
Bulletin which runs into quite a bit.
Thanking you again,
P.S.
Late Dawn.
We have a
�(Letters,
continued from page
- 8 -
7)
p�oblem , I think Coutesy is due me.
·
some of my needy brothers could use.
is awful for me.
I have all kinds of clothes that·
(if not too prowd).
But the postage
You see I am on ADC.
But I have many good friends �-1ho
are always donating things' for our annual F.E.I.L. rummage sale. (Fed
erated Eastern Ind. League.)
Hell my dear brother so long for now.
Dear Mrs.
Thompson,
I redeived a Newsletter on
Indian Affairs.
May be
English and
interested
from the Department on
I have no right to say what I think of your News-Letter,
�
or more Abenaki.
I am
I feel that I am Indian and I am very
in our �iaine Indians,
of our Country.
as well as other Indians in different parts
Your News-Letter unlike most,
found that
Indians of Maine,
the
Also they sent your Maine Indian News-Letter.
I found no pictures at all.
18
it was just packed with
But I
pages of neus from Maine and other parts.
I found it so interesting and I enjoyed it so very much.
My mother is English and so were her people,' my mother has a foster
Algonquian Indian mother,
who has teen her mother since she.was_l8.
father's side, I understand my grandmother was full blood Abenki.
t.hat she had left Indian Island at a very young age to marry.
She died
I understand that my grandfather was
t-7hen her children were very small.
Eneli1=:h and Abenki,
My
And
I don't know where in Maine he came from.
I
a very young age, I havn't done it in years.
-.;1a s tought about Fateri Tel·akwitha the Lily of the Mohawks.
I was head of
:ny class in school, on Indian History.
I am sorry to say I was never taught
I
learned beadwork at
to speak
Indian,
And in my
27
years,
I have heard my grandmother speak
Indian a feH times.
I am sorry to say I don't lcnm·1 much aLout my Al:enld people.
I v1ould like to learn so I can someday teach our young buck, who is now 19
months.
Their is also Indian in my hust:.and's family, but they didn't l:eep
much for records in those days.
Mrs.
we were.
Thompson one
Also they didn't stay ilut very long.
sunny morning a few months ago,
We just a typical family,
we mne not at
I was thinking our lucky
all rich or anything like
And I
We have food, a roof over our heads and our son has lots of toys.
stay home with him and care for him.
I told my mother why couldn't I help
an Indian child, who doesn't have these things.
Mrs. '.l;hompson I started writing to Mission's in different parts of the
that.
I
Some wanted so much money a month, one 25.00 for membership.
Some Mission's never
to send ?ifferent things and urite l:o the child.
answered .
One 'Father said he wasn't an adoption agency and one Missionary
Country.
wanted
said,
that they didu' t like Hhite
Indian got: the tent of me,
nice.
People and ue mal�e them beg.
qell my
I went on the ,.,,ar-path.
Father Ed\·;rards \·1rote from Red Cloud Mission in South Dakota, he uas very
He told me that, he had 500 children at the school and not as.many
Sisters.
So the children wouldn't be .able to t·rrite,
couldn 1 t keep up.
Hhich I can imders tand,
Lut
because the Sisters
he sai4 that he would be very
he told me what he neede<l.
pleased if ue could help him in some way.
And
have written,
Mean while we \.Jrote to Homan
from Fathers and Sisters,
I received a letter from Father O'Toole of the St. Ann's Mission
at Peter Dana Point, in Princeton, Maine.
He waa so very nice and took the
He
time to see if he could find a child, he sent us a name of a young boy.
Then
1
but lre havn't heard as yet.
Circle Magazine,
we have had so many nice letters
Indian girls that 1:-Jere a great help.
help
me.
to get books and other
fe1:1 months,
adopted
Also I had a few girls uho wanted to
we are making clothes trying
So, us girls have started like a cluu,
thing�.
·Then we will send them to the Mission every
Also the girls have
Peter Dana Point.
our first one will Le for
Indian children and also have' taken foster Indian children in
(Continued on page
9)
�- 9 (Letters continued from page
8)
dif feredt parts of the Country.
I hope it will help a little.
I don't know how much this ':'li�l help,
but
Mrs. Thompso1,
I am looking for three more little Indian girl for
They must from 5 to 9 years old, Indian and may Le no m other or
father or can be living with a grandmother, but must need help.
The girl
uho takes the child, uill 't·1rite to her, send clothes and books.
And also
the giTls.
ill be interested in school and church of the child.
If you knou of any children, please vrite me.
These are all young
mothers, some of these girls are White and some Indian or half and less.
Tone of these girls are in the State of Maine.
Also we would like the mailing
address of the Mission on Indian Island.
If anyone would like to send dif
ferent things to us for the children, we would be very pleased.
I think ue could to a lot for our people, we had more that cared.
More like Father Edwards, Father O'Toole and the girls in our club.
and
I have sent no money Mrs.
Papers free,
Thompson,
I have aluays received my Mews-Let:.t.er
from other parts of the Country.
you would think of me as an Indian.
their Newsletter.
In Maine I don't know if
The State of Wisconsin just stppped
Mrs.
12
Francis
tli
(Madalene) Ames
Lowell Street
Lewiston, Maine 04240
address of the Mission on Indian Island is
% Reverend Romeo A.
St. Pi erre, St. Ann's Rectory, Indian Island, Old Town, Maine.
From
your letter I gather you think of Indian Newsletters and papers as
State News letters, such as when you ,say, '1The State of Wisconsin just
stopl>ed sending theirs.:.
For example'
But such is usually not the case.
the Maine Indian NewEletter is a privately .. supported Newsletter and
(The
Hhen
A lqt
this source of funds stops, by necessity the Ne�1sletter will stop.
of peop le put in
hours of �ark every month with out being paid one c,nt
to get the Ne1sletter out.
However the policy is to send the Neusletter
free of charge to all Indians which includes you.
However, I should point
Because
out many Indians send in their $2.00 and several send in more.
d�pends on suLscription money and gifts in order to keep publishing.
theirs
of the costs involved,
some Newsletters and papers do not exchange
uith the Maine Indian llewsletter, 1:d nee we are quick to send a free copy
of thE- Newsletter for--thti r paper, but we do not have the funds -to pay for
thPir Ind ian paper.
The projects you have outlined sound fine, and I am glad to see that
you contact the people concerned first, before you send an; clothes or
books to them.
Ma11y people who have old books and clothing which are. no
good to them
will send them to someone uorking on one of the Reservation�
thinking they are doing.the Indians a favor.
In some caRes they have,but
in other cases it turned out to be in very poor ta�te.
As you are already
aware,
it is bett:er to asl� first. -Ed)
Ft>r a course at the University I am making a collection of Maine mater
ials for the school where I am librarian.
I am very interested to find pamphlets, books or fact sheets on .
Maine Indians.
11ould it Le possible to have a copy of your newsletter aod
any other inform �im J"•u might: hnve?
I will .le gl.a<l to pay postage or any
other
charges.
Thank you
/
Mary Haskell
156
Wilson S t.
Brewer,
Maine
04412
�- 10
Dear Mrs.
-
Thompson,
He thought that the readers of the Maine Indian Newsletter might be
interested to knou something about this summer's volunteer group uorking at
In<lian Toi;mship and so here are some of the -facts.
There are a total of
teachers
- working with
oix adults
the children,
-
four of whom are professional
teenagers and adults in a variety
'Ii·10 of the teachers are wprking in the Head Start program,
o:f ways.
is f-,eing held in the school on the reservation.
School11
In the afternoon,
which
''Fun
is held in the house which has l>een loaned to us to live and 'l:·mrl-;:
in �y George Stevens, Sr.
During these afternoons,
all children may
come and learn h01:·1 to make various kinds of hanciuork. ·
play different games,
tutoring.
read amd listen
to stories,
They also
and receive individual
Sometimes we work outdoors uith the children,
sometimes indoors;
Every day is different.
Two of our volunteers are from Maine,
from New Yorl�.
Universalist Service Committee;
1966
leaciers in
tuo are from Illinmis and two
All of us were originally recruited by the Unitarian
Paula and r,falter Moulton were the group
ard George La Porte led it in
Edmondson are ne1 this year,
as
a
group,
we are able to offer a large number of
skills and a backgroun<l of knowledge uhich ·ue hope
that the uhole connnunity
will make use of uhile we are here this year.
Al so,
He 1:·10uld
CAP Direr�or
all the other
Betty and Doug
consi<ler�t.Je experience in working iith children of
Each of us has had
various ages and,
1967.,
as is �lilly Gilman.
lil-e
to use thlis opportunity to thank Gov.
Archie La Coote,
Mr.
Jphn St'evens,
Louis Doyle of the Portland Diocese and
finP people who have given us their help and encouragement.
Very
truly yours,
1968
SUMMER VOLUNTEERS
Co-Directors:
·Halter Moulton
George La Porte
x
x
x
x
x
The Higwam Peekly
The Higuam Weekly is a local ''Newsletter type"
formerly was puLlished at
Indian Township.
newspaper which
It is interesting,
informative
and full of the local neus 't1hich is difficult for most of us to ottain
�·1hile it is still current.
Now the Wigwam Weel..ly has been expanded to include
If you are interested and would like to
Loth Passamaquoddy r..eservations.
receive it,
see Lelou:
.
It
The Higwam Weel-;:ly is a pu�licat:ion of the Passamaquoddy tribe.
Its pur
is printed alternately at Pleasant Point and Peter Dana Point.
pose is to aid communications within the tribe and to provide a source
of news and information to concerned outsiders.
The newspaper encourages all of its �eaders
to the editor,
. c'ommun i ty.
notices,
and anything else
The Uigwam Heekly Hill be printed
Indians.
In order
to submit articlec,
lettern
that might be of interest to the
�6 times a year and is fr�e to all
to cover mailing expenses,
bo·wever,
Indians living off
o-i- the two Pas sama. 1uoddy Reservations are as�'ed to pay $3. 00 for �5 issues
of
$1. 50
for
18 icEues.
·
The neHspaper is availaLle to non-Indian
(Continued on Page
21)
sul.scribers
�PASSAMACUODDY:
•
GEORGIA
PACIFIC AGKEEHEI!T
•
!\'ITFIED
The agreement worked out between the Passamaquoddy Tribe and the Georgia
Pacifie Corporation (see story on Page 1, July Newslette
r) on July 12th was
1 ter ratified by the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Tri b al Councils, nd
a
igned by Governors Joseph �litchell and John Stevens.
Follm�ing is the complete
text of this agreement:
MElfilRAHDUM F UNDERSTMDING
on
Pas s amaquo ddy Tribe - Georgia Pacific Company
Forestry Training and Employment Program
**
*
*
*
*
The following items, programs and policies are agreed to by all the undersigned parties and will be implemented as indicated.
'Compant : refers to the Georgia Pacific Company, with division offices in
oodland, d.aine.
nTribe:1 refers to .the Passamaquoddy Indi an Tribe, with tribal
offices at the Pleas�oint and In dian Township r:eservations.
"�11 re fers
to the Maine Employment Security COtmDission and related employment training
agencies.
"Diocese" refers to the Diocesan Division of Indian Services, with
' Commun
offices in Portland.
: 'CAp1: refers to the Passamaquoddy Tribal Councils
ity Ac tio n Program, with�fices on the two Reservations.
A.
TRAINUJG
� The Company,
CAP, the Tribe and the �lESC agree to cooperate in a train
ing program to train Indian pulpwood harvesting cre·ws.
� The goal of his program is to train 3 all-Indian crews over and above
the one Indian CTew now functioning.
3.
Each crew will consist of one machine operator and from 2 to 5 cutters,
for a to�al of from 9 to 18 Ind ian trainees.
!!:..:_ In addition, at least one Indian experienced in pulpwood harvestin g
will be employed as a Training Coordinator to assist the Training Supervi&or.
1.:. The Tribe and CAP will be responsible for recruiting the Indian trainees.
In the event that more than 18 trainees apply for this training program,
appropriate testing will be conducted by the MESC to determine a preference list
of applicants.
� The Tribe and CAP, in recruiting trainees, will nominate those trainees
most qualified to be machine operators.
These nominations will be verified or
amended by MESC standardized t e sting .
7.
The Tribe and the CAP will be responsible for encouraging satisfactory
attendance of the trainees during the training program.
E.
FUNDWG
!.:.
The Company will pay at least Federal minimum wages to the trainees,
the Indian Training Coordinator and the Training Supervisor.
l!.. 'lbe Cotnpany will be partially reimbursed for these training expenses
by the prime OJT (on - the -job t�aining) contractor at a rate of $19 - $25 per
wee! per trainee during the training period.
The Company will make available adequate training machinery and equip
3.
ment (such as skidders and sal1s) to the training crews during the traini ng period,
at no expense to the crews.
4.
The Company will provide necessary forestry camps for any crews not
from tb'; Indian Township Reservation, under usual Company arrangements.
Resi
dents of Indian Township Reservation may use space in these facilities if space
is available.
5.
The MESC will be responsible for obtaining a prime contractor for this
OJT pr'Oir am who will establish, in cooperation with the Company, an approved
(Continued on Page 12)
�(Continued from Page 11)
the duration of the course, and other such details,
supervision of the MESC.
curriculum,
under the general
&.:..
During the training period, trainees will be expected to maintain
good attendance and promptness.
Trainees may be dropped from training for
excessive absenteeism, for misconduct or for similar reasons as determined
by
'
the Training Supervisor.
�
Any problems, grievances, or complaints by either the Company, the
prime contractor, the Training Supervisor or the Trainees shall first be reported
to the Indian Training Coordinator.
If he cannot satisfactorily resolve the
matter,
he will report it to the local MESC representative, who will be the chair
man of a Grievance Committee consisting of himself, the Training Supervisor,
the Passamaquoddy CAP Director and the two Tribal Governors.
The Grievance Com
mittee will hear all aspects of each grievance presented to it and will then
make a decision follo,�ing an executive session.
Decisions of the Grievance Com
mittee will be final •
..§.:...
mittee,
The local MESC representative>
as the chairman of the Grievance Com
is charged with an overall i1trouble-shootingj1 responsibility during the
training program and will maintain good communications with all parties to this
agreement.
C.
EMPLOYMENT
!.:._
Successful completion of the training program,
Training Supervisor and
Training Coordinator,
as certified by the
will qualify a crew or an individual
for employment with the Company.
l!_
ployees,
Such a crew may be employed on the Tribal Trust lands as Company em
harvesting, as prescribed in the Indian Township Cooperative Forestry
Management Agreement,
3.
ated
on a sustained yield basis.
Such a crew may be employed as a sub-contractor on the so-called alien
lots within the boundaries of the Indian
under the Company's management plan,
l:..
Township Reservation, harvesting,
on a sustained yield basis.
Based on the desire of the crews or individuals,
the Diocese will
assist in setting up and coordinating a joint tribal and private credit financing
program to enable Indian crews or individuals to obtain the equipment necessary
to apply to the Company as sub-contractors.
The current all-Indian creiv,
�
now working as Company employees on the
Trust lands and having demonstrated to the Company an adequate level of produc
tion,
may - at the discretion of the Tribe - be employed on the so-called alien
ated lot recently vacated by Mr.
Mannheim,
as Company employees,
to complete
the current harvesting contract.
All employment of crews or individuals as Company employees will be
6.
based
�
the demonstration and maintenance of adequate production levels, which
will be established with due regard to the experience level of the crew.
Any
crew working as a sub-contractor for the Company that demonstrates and maintains
such production levels will be eligible for employment by the Company as Company
employees on any Company-owned lands or on the so-called alienated lots within
the boundaries of the Indian Township Reservation.
7.
;! 1 1
Under the terms of this Memorandum,
the Company agrees that only Indian
be employed in harvesting operations on the so-called alienated lots
within the boundaries of the Indian Township Reservation as sub-contractors or
as Company employees who have demonstrated their ability to maintain adequate
crews
production levels.
In the event of the non-performance or non-availability of Indian
cre,�s to complete future planned cutting programs, the Company reserves the right
to hire non-Indian crews to harvest the alienated lots in accordance with these
programs.
(Continued on Page
13)
�· ( 13)
(Cont inued . fr-om Page 1 2 )
8.
The Company w i l l provide ade ouate refores ta t ion for road s ide s creening
in the areas vacat e d by �Ir . �Iannhe im at · the comple t ion of the current ope ration s
in tha t area .
I l! . !I TEE S S �·THEREOF the par t ie s here to have made and executed this Memoran
dum of Under s t and ing on the 1 2 th day of Ju l y , 1 9 6 8 .
GEORG IA-PACIF IC CORPOP.ATIOH r:,y / s / E . G .�Ji l son , General Mgr . , Hood l and Divis ior
PAS SAl-Y. QUODDY 1RIBE by I s / John F . S t evens , Governor , Indian Tmm s hip Re s .
/ s / Jo seph Hi t che l l , Governor , Pleasant Po int Re s .
rlAU!E E1'1PLOYHEET S E CUR I 1Y COi•J1-ITS S ION by J s / Jame s S choen tha ler , Chairman
D IOCE SAIJ D IVI S I ON OF IL IAl"! rnrVICES by / s / Loui s L . Doyle , Coord inator
D
PAS SANAC'UODDY CONNUHI1Y ACTIOP PROGP
�N by / s / Archie J . LaCoo te , Direc tor
...
On Ju ly 3 1 s t , the fir s t mee ting o f the above intere s t ed par t i e s was he ld
in "'o od land t o begin working out d e t a i l s of the training program .
The pr ime
contrac tor wi l l be the Amer i c an Pulpwood As socia t ion .
Approxima te l y 25 trainee s
w i l l r e c e ive 10 we eks of 40-hour s -per -week training , at $ 2 . 00 per hour .
Cons ecu
t ive clas s e s wil l be set up , b ased on the e quipment availab le , for from 5 to 1 2
traine e s a t a t ime .
l"' . Ralph Curr ier , Wood lands Manager for the GP Company
apoint e d out that the train ing was intende d for unskil led worker s , and said that
ski l le d worker s wi l l be screened and hired immedia t e ly at $ 2 . 3 0 or more per hour .
The Pa s s amaquoddy CAP and the Tr ibe have the respon s ib i l ity for recruit ing
and send ing app l i cat ions to GP for t e s t ing and s e l e c t ion of qua l if ied persons
by the l1E S C .
Two 3 or 5 man crews may be hired within the nex t week , pend ing
the pr oce s s ing of the ir re cord s and the che cking of the ir opera t ing ski l l s by a
G P oper ator .
Such per son s �il l work a 45 -hour week and be paid accord ing to
the ir ski l l s and exper ience .
28 name s wer e given to the local MESC repr e s enta
t ive for pro ce s s ing .
The training program i s to s t art in ear ly Augus t , with a February 7 , 1 9 69
c omp le t ion d a t e .
Training wi l l t ake place on tribal land s .
Although the con
tract s t a t e s thQt the men w i l l be traine d as harve s ters , i t was made c le ar that
the training curr iculum is sufficien t ly f lexib le to inc lude train ing for skidder
oper ator s , e t c .
There i s a l s o a po s i t ion for Ind ian Training Coord inator - thi s per son wi l l
b e s e l ec t e d o n recommendat ion b y the tribe wi t h his pay t o b e negot iated on the
bas is of his ski l l s , pre s ent rate of pay , e t c .
Actua l ly , 3 Ind ian Training
Coord inator s may b e needed .
The s e l e c t ion of Training Supervi sor s ( ins tructor s )
wi l l be the re s pon s ib il i ty o f the G P Company , from their regu lar pers onne l .
I t i s an tic ipated tha t the f ir s t group o f trainees .should b e s tarted by
mid -Augu s t .
The con tract a l lows for f i l l ing in of place s left by dropout s or
by persons who are cons idered ready for emp loyment be fore the end of a 1 0 -week
cycle .
Among tho s e pre s ent at the mee t ing on the 3 1 s t were Gov . John S t evens ,
CAP Direc tor Archie LaCoo t e , As s i s tant CAP Director J'ohn Nicho l as , CAP Hous ing
Coord inator Francis Sap ie l , AF SC Fie ldworker �· ayne Newe l l , Jame s S choenthaler
and Doh Oue l l e t te of the HE S C , S i s ter Mary Car i tas (repre s en t ing Louis Doy l e of
the D i o c e s e } , Ind ian agent Bud 't·!e s ton (repr e s ent ing Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley )
and 5 Company o f ficials , toge ther wi th a U . S . Depar tment of Labor repr e s entat ive .
PENOBSCOT INDIAN
PAG EAN T SUCCES SFUL
Peace -pipe s , chan ts and ceremonial dance s captured the at tent ion and imagi�-
at ions o f b e tween 1 5 00 - 1 800 per s ons o n July 2 7 -28 when t h e Penobs co t s s t aged
the i r 5th annua l pagean t .
Al though a t t endance wa s aver age for the 2 Saturday
shous , Ernes t Gos l in , chairman of the pagean t , said that Sunday ' s turnou t was
1 r ms. gni f icent even wi t h the thr eat o f rain ai l day .
T·Te p l ayed to an a lmo s t ca54 Ind i an s par t icipat ed .
(tangor Dai ly 1Jews , 7 / 2 9/68 )
pac i ty crowd . i ;
�(14)
US E S F ILM TO HE L P I LAC�EET IND IAUS A TTP.ACT rnnus rr..Y
�RC1.·!PUTG , Mon t . (AP ) - V I S TA Vo lun teer Jim Ludwi g , 2 7 , of r. o c he s t er , N . Y . ,
<..r e a te d a f i lm wh i ch he and the I :.lackfeet Ind i an Ha tion hope w i l l be the
f t r s t s t ep t owar d indu s t r i a l de v e l o pmen t for t hi s 1 . 5 mi l l ion acre re s erva t ion .
ha s
The 2 8 -minut e co l or and sound movie n a rr a t e d by tr i b a l Chairman E ar l O l d
Per s on shows the t r ibe ' s prepar a t ion for a c ommerc i a l futur e , in c lud ing a fu l ly
e qu i pped 6 7 -acre i ndu s t r i a l p ar k.
na t ur a l r e s our c e s abound , along with s cenic
b e aut y and ou tdoor r e creat ion s i t e s .
A $ 2 . 5 mi l l i o n a irpor t is p ar t of the
p l an by w h i c h the 1 2 , 00 0 memL er tr ibe ho pe s t o r e a l i ze i t s mo t to , 1 1 '11l e pas t we ' ve
g a ine d ; the future we ' l l achieve . "
Ludwig spen t a ye ar s ho o t in g the movie for whi ch the tribe b ought the sup
Hi s intere s t in Ind ian pr ob l ems began when at age 15 he saw a movie on
c ond i t i ons among the Hava j o .
It grew as he s tud ied f i lm-making at Sy ra cu se
p l ie s .
poor
Un iver s i t y .
1 1 ! r e a l ly b e l ieve the B la ckfe e t have the grea t e s t po t en t i a l among the
r e s erva t i o n s
in the Nor thwe s t , :i Ludwig s ay s .
However , he i s very much awar e of
such cu r r e n t prob lems as a l c o ho l i sm and a 40 p er c en t sub s tandard hou s ing leve l .
The are a , he say s , 1 1 i s l ik e an und erd eve loped coun try . "
He b eg an h i s work
ionme n t and then b e c ame
w i th an undue id e a l i sm , he says , • which turned to d i s i l lus
Ludwi g
a re a l i s t i c ide a l i sm that i s very pr a c t i c a l . ' '
Once he saved a boy from
s pend s much of h i s t ime working w i th Ind ian youth .
j a i l and on ano ther o c c a s i on he ar ra ng e d for an Ind ian y outh to s tudy in t he
Hi s many s ummer s working in y o u th camps have l ed him to plan hikes f or
East .
B e f o re
I n d ian young peop l e , whom he ca l l s "wond er ful and s incere and ho ne s t . 1 1
Ludw ig ' s h ike s , many young B la ckfee t had ne ve r b een to G l a c i er Na t iona l Park ,
13 mi l e s ue s t of Browning and ad j ac en t to the res erva t i on .
(From t he
1
Kennebe c Journa l , 8/ 5 / 6 8 )
TINA PROUD OF HE R TR IBE
by
Peg He nd r i c k
Chr i s t ina Franc i s , 1 7 , is qui e t ly proud of the tr ibe of Pleasan t Po in t
Pas s amaquoddy Ind ians to which she b e l ong s .
Tina , who i s the g ue s t of Mr. and
Nine
Mr s . D on a l d Paque t t e o f Nor th S tree t , Saco , i s one o f e igh t chi ldren .
o ther b r o t he r s and s i s t e r s have d i e d , e i th e r in ch i l d b ir t h or from s i ckn e s s.
Rev . B er nard Ni ckna ir , the d io c e san pr ie s t at the re s ervat ion , fir s t inter
Father Nicknair was , at
e s te d the Paque t t e s in the Pa s s amaquodd i e s l a s t y ear .
one t ime , a cur a t e a t S t . Andre ' s .Chur ch in Biddeford .
The Pa que t t e s , who have c amp e d at P l e a s an t Poin t , the s i t e o f the r e s erva
t i o n , are d e e p l y concerne d about the Tr ibe and took 586 pounds of c l o th ing , gar
According to
nered from fr i ends and re l at ive s , to Father Nicknair l a s t mon th .
Don , t he Ind ians a re t o o p r o ud· to accept ou tr i gh t g i f ts , so a r uumag e s a le was
he l d and the ar t i c l e s s o ld for a few ce n t s ap i e c e .
' Tina , who ha s been wi t h the Paque t te s for fo ur weeks , is r e c e iv ing a small
s a l ar y for hous eke e p ing and b �by - a i t t ing chor e s , b u t s ay s she ' s r e a l l y having a
She ha t e s to leave her ho s t s , " They are so g ood to me , 1 1 b u t fee l s
vaca t io n .
'
s h e mus t l e ave i n an o ther week .
nHy mo ther i sn ' t we l l , and a s I m t he o lde s t
1 1 She al mo s t d i e d when t he las t b ab y
g ir l she r ea l ly ne e d s my he l p , : i Tina s a id .
wa s b orn . 1 1
t he r e s erva t ion is far f r om e a s y , par t i cular ly for th e women who
lar g e f ami l ie s , o f t en wi thout e le c t r i c i ty or indoor plumb ing • • • •
Tin a , who regard s the fau l t s and vir tue s o f the tribe '·1 i th unb i a s e d eye s ,
She laughed wryly as she r e l a t ed
that l i quor i s o f ten a prob lem ther e .
Life
at
mu s t r a i s e
said
1 1 11le
tha t there ar e o n l y two tree s on the ent i.re r e s erva t ion of 1 00 a c r e s .
Tiley were too lazy t o go ou t in to t h e
re s t have b een cu t d own for ·firewood .
woo d s ,
I gue s s . "
(Con t inue d on
Page
15)
�( 15)
(Con t inued fr.om Pag e 14 )
the 1 2- f o o t t id e s i n C'uod d y � ay , g a rd en i ng i s a lmo s t non-ex i s t e n t
a t Pl easant Po in t .
!:: al t spray wa shes the land , maldng i t un f i t f o r growing
vege tab le s or even f or gra z ing ca t t le , ':'ina s ay s .
In the fa l l , deer and r abb i t
hun t ing pr ovide s f o od f or t h e Ind i ans , a s doe s year -round f i sh in g .
A l l o the r
f o o ' s mu s t Le pur chas ed , a di f f i cu l t task Hi th the average (per cap i t a ) i ncome
a s ke t
around $450 year ly .
Tina ' s fa ther works at the ·w o o l en mi l l in Eas tpor t .
e av ing and f i sh ing aLe the main s our ce s of inc ome on the reserva t ion , and ma ny
you ths leave the i r home s and go to work in � ang o r or : o s to n .
The 1 96 7 census
l i s t e d 338 p er s o n s l iving on the res erva t i on a nd 3 8 5 ab s e n t
Pa s s ama quoddy Ind ian b oys have served in a l l Amer i can war s , a l though I nd i ans
'1er e unab le t o vo t e un t i l 1 2 y e ar s ago .
A p l a que honor ing their s ervi ce in the
�evo lut ionary � Tar s tand s on the s i t e of an o ld ceme tery a t Pleasant Po in t ; several
Pas s amaouodd i e s are now serving in Vie tnam .
The re s erva tion h a s no r e s iden t d oc tor o r den t i s t .
( from
" S is t e r Eur s e 1 1
t he r oman Ca tho l i c D i o c e s e of Por t land ) v i s i t s once or twice a week to min i s ter
to the s ick .
Tina , 1:· ho wou ld l ike t o b e come a nur s e when she gr adu a t e s from
Ea s tp or t High S choo l , s ays tha t the ne are s t den t i s t is in Calai s , 23 mi l e s away
J.'hc Paque t t e s are hope fuL: tha t some c i t i zens in th i s are a wi l l have room
for an Ind i an chi ld for a week or more .
They are w i l l ing to serve as a c le ar ing
hou s e and wi l l arr ange any vi s i t s w i th F ather Eicl:nair .
A te lephone cal l to
Don or Den i s e Paque t t e could br ing , in D e n i s e ' s 't·JOrd s , 1 1wonder ful reuard s . n
The
couple p l an s t o take ano ther Ind ian chi ld when Tina leave s
� e c au s e o f
• • • •
•
•
(F rom the B id d e ford - S aco Journal ,
•
•
•
•
7/ 1 3 / 6 8 )
HAINE UIDIAN EDUCATI O!l ADV I S ORY COI-:u!II S S I OU
FORl.IED
nc o ln T. F i s h , Chairman , Haine Educa t i on Coun ci l , has
a new Ind ian Educat ion Advi s ory Commi t t e e .
'Ihe
pur p o s e o f the Advi s or y Connni t tee i s to make recommenda t io ns t o the var i ous pub
l i c and pr iv at e agen c i e s invo lved w i th the Ind i an s choo J s , concerning p r e - s cho o l
pr ograms , e du c a t i ona l and vo c a t iona l gu i d an c e , o n - t h e - j ob training , adu l t e du c a
t ion , s choo l dropout r a t e , coord ina t ion of s tate a n d f e d e r a l programs , and s c ho o l
GORHAM,
anoounceG
Aug .
o
-
L
t he forma t ion o f
faci l i t ie s .
The chairman of the n-ew Commi t tee is Hr s . Nar ion I ag l ey , D i r e c t o r o f Guid
at l fa ch ia s Me mo r i a l Ris h S ch o o i and pa s t pr e s i de nt of the 1aine Teachers
A s s o c i a t ion .
70 repr e s en t the Ind i an Counc i l at the Peno b s c o t Re s e rva t i on . Gove r no r John
lli t che l l ha s named Hr s . V ivian Mas s ey .
Governor Jo s eph Mi t che l l of the Pleasan t
Poin � e s e rva t io n ha s named Hr . Fayn e f:.!ewe l l , and Governor John S t evens wi l l
r e pr e sent the Coun c i l a t the Indian Tmmship P.e s ervat ion .
O ther memb er s of the Adv i s ory Commi t tee are :
hr . Thoma s Vo ce ,. As soc iate Dir e c t o r of Educa t i o n . D i o c e s e o f Po r t l and ;
S i s ter Nary Cyr i l ��ir · y , who has 't een a s s igned to the S t . Ann I n d i an Scho o l
at Pleasan t Po i n t aud �ho i s c omp le t ing a n a s s ignme n t a s princ ipa l o f a d i o c e s an
P l PmP n t ary s cho o l ;
l'ir . Omar tro r t on , Chie f , Bureau of E l emen tary Educa t i on and Supervi s ion ,
S t a t e De�ar tment of Educat ion ;
£� . Herber t s . Sperry , D i re c t o r , O f f i c e of Economic Oppor tun i ty ;
Dr . S t an le y L . Freeman , Co or d ina t or , Of f i ce of Re s eC\rch S u p p or t and F e dera l
Ee l a t ""ons , Unive-r s i. t y of Haine , Orono ;
1r . Maur i c e Li t t l e f ie ld , who is pr e sent ly D ir e c tor of S tudeq t Pe r s o nn e l
at Gorham S tate Co l lege and who wi l l be As s i s t- an t D i rec tor o f Develo pmen t , Unive r
s i ty o f l raine , Orono , a s o f Augu s t 1 s t ;
Hr . Edward llinclp ley , Commi s si on er , S ta t e Depar tme n t o f Ind i an Af fair s ; and
D r . Lona ld Ba��s , Admini s tra t ive Ass i s t an t to the Pr e s ident , Unive r s i ty o f
ance
Ma i n e ,
Or ono .
Dr .
F i sh
s a id the
i ni t i a l a s s ignmen t o f
the Advi sory
C ommi t t e e woul d 1:.e
ma l � r e cotmnendations concerning Indian edu c a t i on for con s iderat ion b y Governor
CUr t i s and the 104 th Le gis l a ture .
(From
the Peno s co t Time s ,
8/8/68)
to
�(16)
JOHH COLLIEit ' S VIS IOU
by D ' Ar cy l icPi ckle
( Con t inued from l a s t mon th)
S us t a ined by a s t rong ly int e gr a t ed per s ona l ity ,
the
in t e l le c tu a l
con t e n t o f h i s
f i e l d o f f i c er s ,
Co l l ie r never adu l t erated
',The ther wr it ing le t te r s to his
d i s cour s e .
addr e s s ing a mee t ing o f DAR ladie s , or pr e par ing an e d i tor i a l
t he Bureau ' s hous e or gan , Ind ian s a t 1
:Jor k , he wro te o r ta lked in a pro s e style
for
tha t o f ten daz z l e d and confound e d his aud ien c e .
On one o c c a s ion , after he had
s p e n t seve r a l hour s s pe al�ing e lo quen t ly on Ind ian va lue s and wor ld view t e fore
a :ongr e s s iona l commi t tee , at the con c lu s i on o f which the commi t te e memb e r s
tropped ou t o f t he me e t ing room g l a s s y -eyed , t h e c lerk o f the con:mi t tee shook hi s
head d e j e c t e d ly .
nuha t a p i ty , ' ' he remafked ,
said . 1 1
he
· · they d idn ' t unders tand a word
The Ind i an s , however , s e emed a lways t o under s t and .
E i ther the in terpre ters
who worked w i t h him wer e unu sual ly good , or his s ty le of spee ch tran s l ated readily
in to the r i �hly imaged n a t ive venacular s .
Hhatever the r e a s on , one ah.,ays s ensed
a qui cken ing o f r e s pons ivene s s when Co l l ier addr e s sed an Ind ian gather ing .
Hi s
vo i c e c arr i e d uarmth ,
brough t qu i e t
'
gen t i l i ty and d ign i ty ,
smi l e s o f r e co gn i t ion and
kind of d i s cour s e \Jh i ch Ind ian s
d i s p lay s imi l ar manne r s .
B e c au s e he wou ld no t
wa s
he
s ome t ime s d i smi s s ed
expounded
the qua l i ty o f h i s
a v i s ionary ,
as
the
as tu t e i n ob t a in ing
Ind ian deve lopmen t and
gr al:. b e r s ,
p e t en c e ,
trying
free dom t o
he uas
to
in t e l l e c t ua l .
Col l ier
Be cau s e
Ind ian groups and proved t o b e
accu s ed of
conver t Ind ians
turning
thumpers ,
leg is la t ion
the c l ock back on
in t o museum piece s .
Indi an 1 . exper t s 1 1
l obb yi s t s ,
over z e a l ou s· � ib l e
in
the
speaker s
conceptual grasp ,
an impr a c t i ca l
str ange med l ey of unl ike ly as s o c i a t e s
s p e c i a l - in t er e s t
b e en d i s cove r ed
In
of
c on s t i tu t e d a
I t was
good
t h e enac tmen t o f s u c h l i f e -giving
Ind i an Reorgan i z a t i o n Ac t ,
d e trac t or s
the ir
and more par t icu l ar ly , perhap s , b e cause h e in s i s ted
Ind i an Hor t h ,
on ex t end ing re l ig i ous and cu l tur a l
po l i t i ca l ly
tenderne s s , which
t e a s ing answer s .
could appr e c ia t e b e c au s e
temper
as
mo du l a t e d by
some t ime s
-
Hi s
fru s trated
of var ious
land
of
com•
shade s
Indian who had
and an o c cas ional par t - t ime
s ome a c t o f c h i c anery .
aimed at his admin i s trat i on , sub s e quent
the v i s ion and the prac t i c a l ity of the act ion .
T;J i t h e n c our agemen t to a c t ou t the ir O'(m l iv e s and with the b e ginn ings of financial
a s s i s t ance in r e s tor ing and d eve loping the ir r e s ource b a s e ( abrupt ly ha l t ed by
even t s
war ) ,
spite o f a l l
demon s t ra t e d
t he cr i t i c i sms
the
soundne s s
Ind ian t r ib e s a l l acro s s
the
of
trad i t ional
coun try seemed to r enel� the ir
incr eas ingly in are a s of in tere st
in the gener a l s o c i e ty .
Id en t i ty wi th an Indian commun i ty , even an urban com
mun i t y of r e l o c a t ed tr ibe smen ,
provide s a b a s e from which adapt ive and a s's imi l
t.Ji thout such a b a s e , th ere can on ly b e
a t ive pr o ce s s e s c an d r au new grow t h .
t r ib a l i sm ,
whi l e
a wi t her ing o f
at
the
s o c ia l
s ame
impul s e s .
Thus , Co l l ier wr o t e 7 )
.
value s to t h e ir memb er s ; to
s tr iving
s,o c i e ty
is
to be
a
I t may ye t happen t h a t
that
a
the
t ime par t i c i pa t ing
Ind i ans wer e no t
s pe c i a l d eb t wi l l be
i : so c i e t i e s ar e
be
and
to
thing s ,
l iving
sour c e s of po·wer and
fun c t ion in a c on s c iou s ly
per s on'a l i ty
fu l f i l l e d .
fragmented ,
11
l iving ,
a s p ir ing ,
d e per sona l i zed urban man w i l l g ive thar.�s
And on tha t d ay , however far o f f ,
to ta l ly d e s tr oyed .
o·t-Je d John Co l l ier for having de f ined and exp lor e d the
t erms by whi c h the Ind i an peop l e cou ld
6/ 3 / 6 8 .
survive .
Nr . McHi ck le. is a memb er of the Con feder a t ed
He is a pro fes s o r of an thropology a t
S a l i sh and Xoo tenai t r i0 e s of Montana .
(From The :t-!a t ion ,
t h e Univer s i ty
t he
o c c a s ion
l i er wa s U .
o f S a s ka t chewan , Re g ina Campu s .
of Mr .
S.
Co l l ie r ' s d e a th on May
The ar t ic l e w a s wr i t ten on
4 , 1968 ,
Commi s s ioner o f Ind i an A f fair s from
at
1933
the age o f BL:. .
to
1945 . )
Hr .
Col
�(17 )
HUJ CKLE.Y
AP_ Oib TS
DEPU TY
COHriI SS IONE.R
The appointment o f i-ir . Kenne th c . Thomp son, 31, of Freepo rt , a s Deputy Com
.
.
IIU. s sioner fo r the Department o f Indian Affairs was announced on July 22nd by
Commi s s ioner Edward C . Hinckley.
Autho ri z ed by the 103rd Legi slature , th e
po s it ion marks the first new admini strative po sition ( othe r than cle ri c al ) since
the Departme nt b e gan ftl nc tioning in J anuary, 1966 .
A 1963 graduate of Colby College
Mr . Thomp son worked 2 � yea.F s as a So ci al
_
\ o rker fo � the Augusta Di s trict Health and Welfare o ffice an:i gained some a dmin-
i strative experi enc e ·whil e o n active duty with the Army National Guard .
He graduated from the U nivers ity o f laine ' s College of Law, r e c e iving hi s IL. B . degree
in June of this year.
Hi s s enior the s i s a t the l aw s choo l was entitl e d , 11The Dimini shing Dominion
o f the Penob s oo t Indi an s . "
· ir. Thanp son come s by hi s intere st in Ind i an affa ir s
throug h t he f a c t that hi s wife, the fo :nne r Eugenia Thom a s , i s a member of the
Penobs oo t Tribe of Maine ( an d edi tor of the l�iaine Indi an Newsletter ) .
· They have
two c hi ldren and currently re side in Ga rdiner .
Commi s si one r Hinckley e xplai ned that 1-ir .
Thomp so n ' s ch i ef ar ea of re s ponsib
ility "WO uld be in the fi eld s or hous ing , sanit at ion a nd other construction pro
He will b e continuing the
grams for all three of l\ "aine ' s Indian r e se rva tions .
rork started in Augus t , 1966, by •fr . Tony Kali s s , who was as signed to the De partAs a re sult of
ment by the Ameri can Fri e rrl s Servi ce Comm it t ee in that mont h .
of activity in t he development 0f housing and s ani tation facili t i e s - identifi ed
by th e Tri bes in e arly 1 966 as an important priority - almo st $1 , 500, 000 of st at e
and federal fund s are now available t o t h e 3 re serva tions for s anitation construction pro j e c ts .
ust pre c ede the fe derally- a s si sted hou sing programs fo r
Th es e
whic h t he 3 Tr ib al Hou sing Authoriti e s ar e applying .
P
SSAI·lA�'UODDY
CAMPGROUND 1-iANAGER PRAISED
( The fo llowing l et ter was s e nt to State Fore s t Commi s sione r Aus tin Wilkins on
Augu st 2nd , re ferring to the writer ' s experien c e at the Long Lake C ampgro und . on
the Indian Township Reservation .
A similar letter, from another camper last
y ear , appear ed in th e June ' 67 i s sue of the N ew sl ett er .
Ir. David So c tomah,
th e c amp ground
1 s
manager,
i s certainly to b e commended for his fine servi c e .
-
Ed . �
Washingto n and Jeffer son College
Dire cto r
Washington, Pennsylvani a
August 2, 1968
'i-Iaine Fore st Servi c e
St at e Offic e Buildi ng
04330
Augu sta, Maine
15301
Dear Sir :
During July of this year I had the pl easure o f camping for a few days at
your L:>ng Lake c ampground near Prin ceto n .
I wa n t to take this opportunity to thank and congratulate your d ep artment
for h aving suc h a fine
caretaker a s you h ave at Long Lake .
Never ,
in th e ye ar s
I have been c amp ing , have I me t a more dedi cated , consci entious a n d accomod ating
c ampg ro und operator - publi c or private - t han David So ctomah .
The attention
he giv e s to individu·al c ampe r s while tending t o t heir menial, and sometimes tr iv
i al, reque st s , sh ould pe a con sp icuous example to campground mana ger s everywhe re .
The ch e erfulne s s a nd e nthusiasm he di splayed while ai ding all campers oo lve the ir
individual c amping pro b lem s r eflect s great credit on your d epartment, hims elf ar.. d
th e Sta t e of · .. aine .
I hope you will s e e f it to forward this letter with any .additional comment
Thank you for a memorable experien c e .
you may c are to ma k e . ·
( Copi e s of the le tter we re forwarded to
So c tomah and Tribal Governor Steven s . )
lir .
ls /FREDERICK
s . HENRY
lieutenant Colone l ,
Artillery
�(18)
HOU SING ArD SAAI TATION PRO GRAhS CCH TJN UE
TO ADVANCE
The Penob s co t Housing Authority i s still wa iting fo r approva.l of its Pro 40 housing uni t �.
Although this h ad been
exp e c t ed some t ime ago , new po li ci e s within the Dept . of Housing and Urban Develepment r equired addi tio nal fo rm s to b e sul::mi tted .
Thes e were approved by the
Eeu sing Auth ori ty at it s first annual 1ne etin g �n August 7th .
Thi s s ame me eting
mc-rked the el e c t io n o f o fficer s fb r th e coming year .
Mr . Hett.h ew f'iit chell is the
new Chai rman of th e Authori ty, replacing ··1r . i"Iatthew Sappier, who wa s ele cted
Vic e Chai nn.an - a po sition fo rmerly held by Mr . Nit chell .
Hr . Irvi� Ranco was
re-ele �t ed Treasurer, and 1ii s s Eli zabeth Gould was el e ct ed Se cr etary of the Autho r
ity .
F ather Romeo St . Pierre is th e fi fth membe r of th e Autho ri ty .
In the meantime ., e ngine er s o f the J ames Sewall Company c ontinued p relimi nary
de s ign v.ork fo r sewage and water systems and f aci litie s fo r the Islaild, and have
ha.d s ever al meeti ng s wi th membe rs of the Authority regarding alt erna t ive plans .
The Plea s ant Poin t P a s s ama quo ddy Housi ng Authority h a s s ul::mi tted to th e
New York offi c e o f th e Dep t . of Housing and U rban Development it s preliminary
Pro gr am Re servatio n applic ati on f or 50 housi ng uni t s , and th e Indi an Township
Pas samaquoddy Hou s ing Authority ' s similar appli c at ion is expected to be sent to
New York shortly .
In addition, the Indi an Township Authority and the De pt . o f
Indi an A.f f air s have begun negoti ation s for federal funds to as s i st in s ewage and
wate r constr11 c tion in t he Princ eto n " Strip " area, made pos s ible by voter approval
o f the June 1 7 th bond i s sue que st ion .
The engineering finn of Wri ght , Pi erce,
Barne s and Wyman' is continuing in the prep arat ion o f final plans and spe cifica
tion s fo r wate r and s ewage sy stems at Ple a s ant Point , and a w a ter system at Pe"ter
Daha Po int on the Indi an Township Reservatio n .
On all 3 Re servations , members o f the Tribal Councils and Housing Authori
tie s ( and o f the Pas samaqu o ddy Community .Action Pro gram , in Washingto n County )
hav e co nstituted thems elves i nt o s choo l building commit t e e s , to advi se the Dept .
of Edu c ation in i t s plans for new s chool c onstruction o n th e 3 Re serv ations, also
- leeting s were held on the Reservamade po s sible by the June 1 7t h bond i ssue .
tions on Augus t 12-14 �Qth th ese committ e e s , official s of the Dept . of EducatiGn,
and the archite ct hi�ed by the Department fo r th e new s chool building s .
gram Res e rva tion appli catio n for
-
r-iEl-DRTuL
SERVICJ:.
HELD
WASH fa GTOl\i
A memor i al servi ce fo r Clyde Warrior, president o f the National
Indi an Youth Counc i l , militant spokesman for Indi an ri ght s and freedom and cham
pion o f Red Po-we r , was conduct ed in the Bureau of Indi an Affa i r s audito rium on
July 9th.
Mel Thom, leader o f the Indi an d elegation to the Poor People ' s Campaign and
Poo r Peop le ' s Co alitio n, and Robert L. Bennett, Commi s sio ner of Indian Affair s ,
were amo ng tho se who delivered eulogie s .
Warrior, a member o f t h e Ponca tribe ,
di ed a ft e r a ye ar ' s illnes s at the age of 29 .
The funeral was at th e home of
his grancl father, William Colli ns, i·n Enid , Oklahoma, a nd he was' buried at White
Eagle, Okla . , a SJIJ.all Indian community o n Indi an land .
,
Often calle d t he mo st dynam i c Indi a n l eade r of the past 20 ye ars, Warrior
bega n hi s c areer of compas sio nate advo cacy by atta cking the welfa re systa:n and
He
the pat t e rns of l and exploi t a tion and menial l abo r pre s se d upo n the Indians .
went o n to i ni tiate att ack s upon th e power and attitude s of the Bureau o f Indi an
Affairs and oth er goverrnnent a gencie s .
He was t he first Indian to partic ipate
in c ivil right s activitie s and wa s the o nly Indi an re presentative at the 19 63
He w:>uld have b e en the
c ivil rights Har c h on Washj ngton for j obs and freedom .
Ind ian leader of the Indi an cnnt.ingent at t.he Poor People ' s C ampaign, but fo r hi s
health .
( Cont.irmed on Page 19 )
-
�( 19 )
(Cont inued from Pa�e 1 8 )
�1 arr ior had b e e n a prominent and contro ers ia l l eader s ince 1 9 6 1 .
He �a s
founder of the Na t iona l Ind i an You th Coun c i l , wh ich drew cr i t i c i sm from the
e s t ab l i shed t r i u a l coun c i l s for i t s ac t ivi t ie s on b e ha l f of Ind ian r igh t s , and
iad s erve d as pr e s ident of the PIYC for the pa s t tHo years .
It was large ly
�
through h i s e f for t s
to
j o in for ce s
In h i s
that Ind i a n s be came agr e s s ive enough in s e e k i ng
the Poor Peo p l e ' s Campaign .
w i th
s t a t emen t at
the
al Ind i an Youth Coun c i l , s a i d :
a t a t ime t1h en we uere s c are d .
service
Mr .
Exe cut ive D i r e c tor of
He gave us
Thom ,
. : C lyde gave us
a
the ir r ig h t s
new hope .
t he Ha t i on
courag e
He l e d us to know what f reedom migh t be f o r our
pe o p l e .
For many o f us he turned the t ide when In� ian l i f e se emed to be a one
to oiJ l iv i on .
He fr ightened people wil:h h i s figh t again s t oppr e s s i on
of Ind ian p e op l e .
i!i th cry s ta l c l ear word s he could t a lk of our Ame r ican sys tem
' h i ch f ew Ame r i can peop l e und e r s tood • • • • Clyd e is gone bu t never forgo t t e n . i i
way road
C l yd e T �arr ior i·1emo r i a l S cho lar ship fund i s be ing e s t ab l i s he d ,
A nat ion a l
i th an annual s c ho l ai.- shi p to b e awarded each year t o a s tudent o f the Of f i c e
o f Economic Oppo-r tun i ty ' s UPHARD :UOUiID program ;
to
C lyde Harrior h a d b e en a con s u l
Con tr ibut ion s
UP,-Uum .;JOUND program s ince i t s b e g inn ing .
fund may be s e n t to : 1".ir . l·!e lv i n Thom , Ea t i ona l In d i an You th Coun c i l , 1
t an t and
the
to
adv i sor
the
Ho t e l C laremon t ,
Garden Circ l e ,
Berke l ey ,
94 705
Ca l i fornia
UZ.·J S Fr..Ol'-1 HERE Aim THERE
- The P l e a san t Po i n t Pa s s ama quoddy D ancers appear ed on Channe l b,.
on Ju ly 30th .
- G�ernor Kenn e t h M .
Cur t i s s e n t a congra tul a t ory l e t te r to
u s t 3th ,
during a vi s i t
v i s i t ing
the
Perry ' s
to
the
he ld o n Ju ly 2 7 - 28 th .
5 th Annual Pagean t ,
Tribe on t h e o c c a s ion o f i t s
s e s qu i cen tennia l ,
Penob s co t
On Aug
t h e Governor spen t an hour
P l e a s ant Po i n t Re s erva t ion and ta l!dng i:-Ji th Tr i b a l l eaders
Ind i an To, m s h i p Re s erva t ion .
and from t h e
'IV
(CHSJ)
from there
- Per s i s t en t Ind ian t rac! er s in }lan i t oba located an 8 -year -o l d g ir l and
her 4 -year - o l d cro the r who had been l o s t for
11
d ay s and n igh t s
nie chi ldren appear e d t o b e in s at i s fac tory shape ,
coun try .
in de s o l at e bush
d e s p i t e the '. even � .
- T h e adv i s ory commi t te e o f t h e Ha ine Federat ion of Homen ' s
to make
r e s o lu t ion was vo t e d
l igh t
Club s has vo t e d
In d i an a f f a i r s t h e Fecierat ion ' s prime pro j e c t f o r t h e coming y e ar .
late
in the a f t ernoon •
•
•
an d
to a c l imac t i c con c lu s ion , ; . ac cor d irtg to one repor t .
s t a tu s
: : The
the s e s s ion from no h igh
l i f t ed
D ur in g
the
l03rd Leg i s la t ive s e s s ion , the Federat ion a c t ive ly endor s e d Ind ian affairs con
s truc t ion r e que s t s , w i t h favor ab le r e sul t s .
�
Un iver s i ty of Maine an thro po logy s tud ent s t h i s summer have b een s tudy ing
an anc ien t gravey ar d in Pa s s adumkeag ,
� , 000 y e ar s ago .
b o t h ac t iv i t i e s
t e am is
A s e cond
be l i eve d to have been used
by Ind ians about
con t inuing work on a s i t e near E lue Hi l l ;
are und e r the s uperv i s ion of Dr .
Dean Snow ,
a s s i s tan t pro f e s sor
of An thr opo logy .
- Al l 3
one ye ar of
Tr i b a l Counc i l s have approved
the V I S TA teams ,
probat ionary train ing per iod •
- On Augus t 9 th ,
vi s i t e d
the
sent
the p l acemen t on
for
.
S ta t e Mu seum Direc tor Rob e r t Damm and 2 r e s e ar c h a s s o c i a t e s ,
P l e a s an t Po int and Ind ian Totm ship Re s erva t ion s
t i e s o f fut ur e
the Re s erva tions
l as t month to the Re s erva t i on s for a one -month
to d i s cu s s po s s ib i l i
t r i b a l mu s eums b e ing p lanne d for the P.e s erva t ion s .
The v i s i t
took p l a ce dur ing a tour of h i s tor i ca l s i t e s in !!ashing ton an d Hancock Coun t ie s ,
as par t of a s ta t e -t-1 ide inven tory by
- The
February
(See
type ma i l a t
ex t end ed
can ada
in
the Hu s eum s ta f f .
I nde p ende n t Po s ta l Sy s tem of Amer ica�
Page 20 ,
than U .
lower
s�rv i c e s
January
S.
Po s ta l Depar tmen t r a te s ,
to Dal las and S t .
S e p t emb e r .
s ider ab le numb er of
formed
in Ok l ahoma C i t y l a s t
' 68 Hews l e t ter ) w i t h 3 c l i e n t s t o hand l e 3 rd C la s s
Lou i s ,
and p l an s
now has 7 5 c l ie n t s ;
The Company announced p lans on i t s
O!d ahoma Ind i an s as emp loyee s .
has
to b e g in fun c t ioning in
forma t ion t o hire a con
�(20)
GIRL !'!EARLY DRCHHS rn <:UODDY DAY
PLEASAN T POU:T - A five -year -old Pas s amaquoddy Indian g irl was reported
in s at i s factory cond it ion Pedne s d ay night at a B angor ho s pital after she wa s
nearly d rowned here
Tue s d ay , August 1 3th .
Kathleen Lewey was b elieved to have become frightened by a dog as
she
played with other children on the steep rocky shore Hne of Pa s s amaquodd y Bay
and toppled dol-m the incline into the water.
The g,irl wa s taken to the Eastern
Maine General Ho s p ital.
Virginia F ranc i s ,
16 ,
s houts from other children ,
and Joyce Murphy ,
22 ,
were
including Rus s ell E a s s ett ,
s ummoned to the
5.
scene by
�li s s Francis
stated
that the other g irl wad ed into the icy water s to her shoulder s ,
but was unable
to re ach Kat hleen who was floating face
She then waded
into the water hers elf ,
down and uncon sciou s .
swam to the little g irl ,
and dragged her to shore .
" I went d ol-m thre e time s and was awfully tired when my fe et touche d bottom,
so I called for Joyce , who helpe d us in , ' 1 she said .
Re aching the shore , Bill
Rupert ,
a VIS TA worker ,
The
applied mouth-to -mouth re s piration s ucce s s fully .
g irl was the n t aken to the Eastport Hospital where
she wa s believed to have been
tre a t e d for a cut on her forehead and given oxygen before b e ing transferre d to
the Bangor ho s p i tal.
Lewey girl is one of 16 children in the fami ly of �Ir .
The
Lewey .
Mi s s F rancis was working at her j ob in the
the children called her for help.
She is
and Mrs .
Sabbatls
Ind ian CAP office at the time
a sophomore at Shead Memorial High
School in E a s tpor t .
by Governor
A recognit ion ceremony of the persons involved was arranged
Curt i s for Augus t 2 1 st ,
in Augusta .
A F L� FOR S TICKS
Lacro s s e enthusiasts like to boast that theirs is the fastest- growing sport
around .
that make s
But last week the lacro s s e boom came to a s i z zling stop - the factory
Unt il the fire ,
9 7'o of the lacros s e sticks in the world burned dm-m.
the Chi s holm Lacro s s e Manufacturing Company near Cornwall ,
Ontario ,
doing a rus h bus ine s s , with production thi s year slate d for a record
had been
7 2 , 000
sticks ,
2 2 , 00 0 more than last ye ar.
Not everyone can make lacro s s e
The Chi s holm company's
of s tickmakers .
The
75
s t icks ,
which ret�il at from
employe e s are all Mohawk Ind ian s ,
sticks
are made from s e lect hickory ,
$5
to
$ 1 7 . 50 .
mostly d e s cendants
so s elect
gdeed
�
mile s a year / look over
wood .
Back at the factory , the Mohawks s e t to with electric drills and sanders ,
but even with such modern gadgets it s till took a year to cure and bend the sticks
that Colin C h i s holm ,
the company founder ,
traveled
1 5 , 000
in proper fashion .
In Canad a , an e stimated
stick shortage before the fire .
took up lacros s e th i s s pring , and many had been playing with
Unle s s the plan t can get b ack into .production.-:: soon out sticks �f the ir own.
a highly unlikely event s ince it was un insured - there will be a shortage of
There was
2 5 , 000
a
young sters
3 , 0 0 0 to·
4 , 000
s tick s
(From Sports
just in Ontario alone
Illustrate d ,
•
•
•
•
6 / 10 / 6 8 )
DID YOU KNOH THAT
b anks in we stern Oklahoma had to clo s e their doors temporarily this month when
Che yenne -Arapaho Ind ians rece ived a $ 1 5 m illion claims paymen t from the U. S.
The money - paid by check - was for land their grandparents bad
government ?
reluctan t ly .and �without �dequate - �omp e n s a t ion . iti the lat e eighteen
'
E ach tribal memb er received approx imately $ 2 , 300 .
had to le ave ,
hundre d s .
�( 2. \ )
Con t inued f rom
Page 1 0 )
a t a c o s t of $ 5 . 5 0 for 13 i s s ue s , o r $ 1 0 . 00 for a l l 3
6 i s s ue s
L o t h mai l i n g a nd p r i n t ing c o s t s .
If
you
ar e i n t e r e s t ed
in
s ub s cr i l in g
uhi c h cove r s
t he paper or c on t r i � u t i n g
to
toward e i t h e r i t s ope r a t ing c o s t s or i t s ar t i c l e s ,
·
p l e a s e lrr i t e
:Jigwam Ue eld y
P.O.
,
to :
B ox; 2 1 2
Pr i n c e t oE ,
Ma i e ,
OL� 6 6 8
PAS SAMAQUODDIES ELECT
The
Pa s s ama qu oddy IH<l iar. s e l e c t e d
The e l e c t e d c a nd i d a t e s
and
vo t e s
total
tril a l
their
·
wi l l
1 2 l � ba l l o t s .
cas t s
l e a d e r s on Scpt:eml ·er · 3 .
fo l l w s . A t
e as
e .t n t Re s e r va t i on t h e � e were
s : vo t e s
Gove rnor :
Eu3ene F r an c i s
Li e u t en a n t Governor :
T i mo t hy Neue l l
5 0 vo t e s
Tr i b a l Coun c i l :
Mary A l tv a t e r
73 vo t e s
4 9 vo t e s
John B a i l ey
C 4 vo t e s
F r ed e r i ck F r an c i e
F r e d e r i ck Moore
Jeanne t t e Ne p t u n e
Ar t hu r
�1e Ne l l
R e pr e s en t a t iv e t o Leg i s l a t ur e :
e i gh
Ind ian Tmm s h i p
t y - f ive L a l l o t o .
G overnor :
72
5 4 vo t e s
vo t e s
A l b e r t D ana
Re s erva t ion e l e c t ed t h e i r
John S t even s
L i e u t e n an t Gove rnor :
Tr i b a l
vo t e s
61
Coun c i l :
�}2
f rom a t o t a l o f
votes
t!oe l Gabr i e l
Ph i l omene Dana
B a s i l LaCo o t e
D e l i a Mi t che l l
G e or ge
l ea de r s
9 2 vo t e s
S t eve n s ,
David Tomah
3 6 vot e s
l!.L� vo t e s·
33 vo t e s
SR .
3 4 vo t e s
3 9 vo t e s
Fred
( Ed i t or ' s
Tomah 4 1 vo t e s
Re s pre s e n t a t ive t o L e g i s l a t ure : A l � er t Dana 3 9 vo t e s
No t e :
Our conera t u l a t ion s go to the people tha t you have
e le c te d .
If 1e c a n s erve you , p l e a s e f e e l f r e e to a s l: . . Your s i s a b e t t e r gove rne d
tri� e uhen a l l of i t 3 memb e r s s e rve .
Remem0 e r y our vo i ce i s heard t hr ough
h" �l_? ine
1!1� ,
.n
-�I�:f ]-�. )
I.ANKG RUN S HO R T OF
AS
CASH
I l JD INNS RUN IN WI TH CHECKS
C l in t on , Ol� l a . - The F ed er a l Gov e rnme n t p a i d Che y e nne -Arapaho
$ 1 5 -mi l l ion l a s t 1e el: nnd a l mo s t for c e d �1e s t en O!�lahoma b anke r s
t he ir d oor s .
The mon e y
luc t an t l y in
-
p a i d by
check - uas
for
t h� · 1 a �e e ig h t e en hundr e a s .
l and t h e ir grand p e r en t s
Bu t
t he
i g � J , and much of the none�r ue n t for mo t cn: <.:yc l e .s ,
and a l co ho l .
( Con t inued on P a g e 2 2 )
che cks arr ived
u se d
c ar s ,
Ind i an i::
to
c lo s e
l e f t re
in Augu s t ,
t ap e r e c or d e r s
1
�( 22 )
( C o n t,i nue d from Page 2 1 )
t anks ran s hor t o f e a c h and s e n t ou t o f to1m for mor e .
Some s t opped
ca shing che c k s un l e c n t he Ind ian s d e po s i t ed par t of t hem .
One s t ore s o ld
50 � i cyc l e s and � ou t t ha t many t r i cy c l e s .
The Ind i au s r e ce ive d auout $ 2 , 300 e a c h f or their share of the l arrd
the Gove rnmen � L ought f or 5 c e n t s an acte in the l a t e 1 9 th c e n tury
.
G e or e e L otrry , pre s id e n t of the Okl ahoma Nat iona l B ank in C l i n t m ,
s a id , : � 1e h ad a l ol � y fu l l of Ind i an s a l l d ay Fr i d ay .
We had to qu i t cas hing
s one o f the che cl:s ' t hou3h , and r e qu i r e a depo s i t on par t of i t . ; .
F . E . Durlce ,
s ay pr ob aL ly
pr e s ident
of
the F ir t t Na t i ona l B ank of
t h a t d ay �.,e p a i d out
A d e par tme n t
Hammon ,
s aid
, · 'I '
d
$l� 5 , 000 t o $ 50 . 000 . 1 1
s t or e man a g e r s a id , "He ' ve s o l d a j i l l i on t ape r e corder c . ! '
T h e Ind i a n s h a d a cho i c e o f r e c e iving the money in sma l l e r paymen t s o r
at once .
Mo s t v o t e d to r e ce ive t he payme n t in a l ump sum .
( F r om t he Neu Yorl� Time s , 8 / 1 5 / 6fJ)
all
FRIED BREAD
l:. cup s
r:
f l our
t ;J s p .
2. t sp
b al� ing p o� 1der
1
2 t � s p non - f a t dry mi lk
salt
s hDr t ening
tbsp .
2 cup s i·1 arm i·ra t e r
S i f t a l l dry i ngre d i e n t s , mix i n shor t e n ing .
Gradu a l ly add uarm
t·Ja t e r , mix and ��n e a <.�. ·un t i l d ough is s o f t er ough to hand l e , l e t d ough r i s e ,
mo l d
on
in t o t a i l s .
Go l f t a l l
F l a t t e n ·ui th hand s ,
i urn .
s id e and
one
s ize .
ho le
ma!-.e
in cen t e r and
fry
in d e e p f a t .
Brown
Re c i p e by Hargar e t Ro s s
(From
t he Red_ Lak� rre_
s��Ve! t i on Heu s , Red Lake Ninn .
6 / 1 2 / 6fJ )
MAilffi UID IAU HAD D I S TINGU I S HED HILITARY RECORD
of t he P l e a s an t Po in t Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ian Re s er va t i on
S ab a t i s �li t che l l
in H a s h in g t on Com:ty im s
r e ce ived t he r i ght
Lu d d ie s
vi ce
s erv in e in
the Un i t e d S t a t e s Navy
to vo t e
c a l l e d h im ,
in a n a t i on a l e l e c t i on .
l a s t y e ar a f t e r
r e t ired
in Vi e tn am .
con c l ud e d u i th a year
,
20
le s s
ye ar s
a f t e r the Japal! e s e a t t a cl� on Pe ar l Har b or and 14
y e ar s
1 1Mi t c h ' ' ,
tha n tuo
b e fore he
as h i s Air Fo�ce
year s o f a c t ive mi l i t ary
He a l s o s e r ve d
ser
in W or l d Har I I and
the Kor ean c 9 nf l i c t .
Hi t c h � ·a s l,?e l c ome<l home
Ac
t he
t o ok advan taee o f
<l an c e pa c e ,
l i l· e d � Y
th e i r
D augh t e r s
s tand s
of
f or Ame r i c a ,
c o n t inued
f or e f a t he r s por t r ayed
t oday 011 t h e b ank o f
the Ame r i c an I).evo l u t :ion ,
t h e ir home l and ,
t he
t r ad i t i on· o f
i t s Ind i a n p opu l a t i on �
(From
the
ful l t r i b a l r e c a l ia .
Coa s t a l
set
a f ier ce
Ind i an b r o t he r s who �. e came
the ir her i t age o f unwr i t ten
Mi t ch r e c a l l e d he had o f t en perf ormed
l ong 1Je f ore
Po i n t h a s a .l ong h i s t roy of
P l e a � an t
bis
f e l lm,7 s er v i c emen for
o n t h e Nor th Ame r i ca� c on t inen t .
A monumen t
in
a d an c e rhy thm dur ing t he par ty , Mi t c h ,
Like many of
r e l ig i oP.. a11d h a-:... i t s ,
d a n c e s uhi c h h i s
f e l low Ind ia n s
out
the oppor t un i ty t o s hou f r i e nd .... h e c a n s t i l l
:. r og an s and a l l .
admi r e d and
l anguage ,
Ly h i s
I1 d ian drums l> e a t
f am i l i ar
dur ing
t he whi t e man came
the 1"'8DJ
to p :.l
c on triil �t ing manpowe r for Amer � c 1 .
e r e c ted l;y the
Pas s amaC!uod<ly r.ay ,
honoring s ome 40 Ind ian s who f ought
the Revo l u t ionary Har .
f ine mi l i t ary
s er v i c e g iven
Cour i er Ga z e t t e , 7 / ll�/ GC )
th e
Mi t c h has
Un i t ed S c a t e s u
�(2� )
S CHOT.AR S HIP OPPORTUNITY AT H . Y . U .
( The fo l l ouing informa t ion was recen t ly
rece ived t. y the De p t . o f Indi an Aff a i r s
from the As s oc iat ion o n Ame r i can Ind i an
Af fairs
in Hew York Ci ty, wi th the r e
que s t ' t ha t i t be pub l i c i zed as ui.d e l y a s
po � s ib e among the Ind ian commun i ty and
qua l i fied Ind ian s tuden t s .
It s hou ld be noted that the qua l if ipat i ons do no t
inc lud e an underg radQa te maj or in psycho
logy . - Ed . )
i
Th i s i s t o inform you of an e ffor t tha t the De partment o f Psycho logy o f
t h e Graduat e S c ho o l o f Ar t s and S c ienc e s a t New Yor� Unive r
s i t y i s unde r t aking
to t ry and recru i t as s tuden t s in tere s ted memhers of the mino r i t y groups of t h i s
coun try ,
The D e p artme n t in tend s to ac cep t s tuden t s from mino r i t i e s over and a)Jove
the regul ar quo t a s , to app ly f lex ib�e s tandar d s in evalua t ing the app l i can t s ,
and to try to g ive · me aning fu l academic h e l p where needed .
At thi s t ime i t i s
no t po s s ib l e to mal�e any promi s e s , L u t s er ious effor t s wi l l b e made to provide
f inan c i a l help a t a leve l 't·Jhich wou l d enab le fu l l - t ime s tudy .
The Depar tme n t
o ffer s degre e s (pr imar i ly the Ph . D . ) in Exper imen t a l , Social , Persona l i ty ,
Commun i ty l1en t a l He a l th , C l in i c a l and Ind u s t r i a l Psycho logy .
'·Je are in t ere s t e d in t aking s tuden t s for th i s Fa l l as we l l as for nex t
Inter e s ted app l i c an t s who ho ld a B . A .
year .
1
shou ld -wr i t e imme d i a t e ly t o :
degree
Dr . Richard Koppena a l
De par tme n t o f Psychol ogy
l!ew York Univer s i ty
1 0 th F loor Bro'\>m Bui lding
N. Y .
-Jew York,
At tn :
Mr s .
B.
10003
S chwar t z
( I£ any pr o spe c t ive app l i can t s d o not rece ive app l icat ion forms fr� � �� . Y . U .
1i thin a reasonab le amount of
t iine a f t e r the ir in i t ia l inquiry,
the A s s o c iat ion on Amer ican Indi an Af fairs co l l e c t at
they may c a l l
21 2- 6 8 9 - 8 7 20 . )
ItID IAN HERITAGE CLAS HE S WITH �·THITE CULTURE
Ar i zona Ind i an s ar e d e s t ined t o be come 1 comp l e t e ly submerged in
the l arge,
gray ma s s of Amer i can Hed iocr i ty , " ac cord ing t o a d e s cend an t of one o f the
Southwe s t ' s mo s t ho s t i l e Indi an chie f s .
The pre d i c t ion wa s mad e , somewhat regre t fu l ly , by Mr s . Juana P . Lyon, o f
Phoenix , who s e gre a t -grandfather, Quanah Parker , and h i s Comanche war r i o r s terror
i zed fTo n t i er s e t t l emen t s a cen tury ago • • •
Mr s .
p l o yment
Lyon i s
Serv i ce .
superv i sor o f s erv ice s to Ind i an s wi th the Ari zona S ta t e Em
She is the f ir s t to hold t h i s newly created po s t and adv i s e s
the s ta t e agency concern ing emp loyment pro v lems which are un i quely Indian .
Un
emp l oytnen t and pove r ty among Ind ian s , accord ing to non - Ind ian s tandard s , are
con s idered extreme ly high .
About 100, 000 l ive on Ar i zona ' s 19 r e s erva t ions and
from 5 , 000 to 1 5 , 0 00 , depend ing on the season of the year, l ive in urban area s .
" The d i f ferent e thn i c or ien t a t ion among Ind i an s , 1 1 Mr s .
' make s
t hem ,
emp l oymen t
in many c a se s ,
as
d i f f i cu l t
such . "
: 'For ins t ance ,
Lyon exp l ained ,
to employ b e cau s e they are no t oriented tm arc
·
there ar e many Ind ian behavior pa t t erns
tha t ,
In this
r e f l e c t unfavor ab ly on Ind ian j ob app l i c an ts , n s he said .
1"1r s . Lyon ana ly zed the fre quent ly expr e s sed opinion tha t Ind ian s
want to wor k ;
that
Ind i an s ar e concerned ,
such as
conne c t ion
s imply d on ' t
they ' r e jus t p lain l a zy .
" 'lll er e are two answers t o t h i s
goal s,,
unle s s exp lainet
s t a tement , i i
you mus t re cogn i ze
pr e s t ig e ,
"As
she s a i d·.
that they
progre s s and p er sonal advancemen t .
mo a t Ar i zona trib e s i s that the ind ividual i s a member of
(Con tinued on Page
24 )
far as Ar i zona
are no t or_iented to ab s tr a c t
a
The ph i l o sophy o f
coamunity and shou ld
�( 24 )
(Cont inued from Page 2 _ )
no t push hims e l f ahe ad of his f e l low men .
If he doe s , many time s there ' s a
concentrated e ffor t to pu l l him down , 1 1 Mrs . Lyon po inted ou t .
n1.e se cond r eason for the apparen t lack o f ini tiative among Ind ians i s
r e lated t o the c lan ' s share -and -share -al ike sys tem.
"Anyone b e longing to the
s ame c l an is con s id ered a b lood rela t ive , I i she said .
1 An Indian who feels
tha t a r e l a t ive has some thing he needs can go and �s!< him for it .
For examp le :
If I , as an Indian , have a j ob and earn , s ay , $ 500 a month , I cou ld '�ind up
suppor t ing 50 r e l a t ive s .
In my c lan sys t em, i t i s re quired 't hat I give a
r e lative . whatever he wan t s .
There fore , where does this leave the incentive ? 1 1
.
she s a id .
(From 'llle Native Nevadan , 6/ 2 9 / 6 8 )
DIVISIOH OF INDIAH SERVICES ADVISOO.Y B OARD MEE TS
PLEASANT POirJT - The Advi s ory Board of the D ioce san Divi s ion of Indian
Service s me t at Pleasant Po int on July 1 3 th .
demb ers at tend ing were : Governor
Jo seph Mi tche l l , Governor John S tevens , Father Nicknair , Father S t . Pierre ,
Father O ' To o le , Mr . Ar chie LaCoote ( Pa s s amaquod dy CAP) , Mr . Wayne t1eue l l (A . F . S . c . :
Mr . Albert Dana ( Ind ian Township Par i s h Counci l ) , Ur . Omar Nor ton and Mr . James
�ro�m (Dept . of Educa t ion ) , and Mr . Loui s Doy le , Coord inator .
The me e t ing was cal le d to order at 4 : 30 P . M. and the opening prayer was
o ffered by Father Nicknair .
E l e c t ion of officer s was the f ir s t ord er of bus
ine s s .
John S t evens and Jo seph Nicho las were nominated for Chairman .
A tie
vo t e was ende d when Governor S tevens announced that he wished to withdraw :l.n
favor of Mr . Nicho las , and �� . Nicho l as was then e le c ted unanimous ly .
John S t evens , Wayne Eewe l l , and the Penob scot Tribal caunc il ' s represent
a t ive to the Advi s ory Board (unnamed) were nominated for Vice -Chairman .
.The
f ir s t vote resu l ted in a t ie b e tween John S tevens and the Penob scot repr e se�ta
t ive ; a second vo te e le c te d John S tevens .
S i s ter Mary Car itas was the only one nominated for Secretary , and so was
unanimous ly e le c ted ,
Hr . Doyle pre sented his repor t to the Board , describ ing
act ivi t i e s in the are as of hea l t h , educa tion > comnun i ty involvement and sumner
ac t ivit ies .
Coun s e l l ing and placement in independent secondary s cho o l s or co l
leges has been provided to 10 Ind ian s tudent s - a l l placement s involve some de
gree of financial as s i s tance .
Much int ere s t was shmm in the propo sed Tribal Leader ship Education Project
be ing prepared by the D ivis ion , and in Ricker Co l lege ' s propo sed Indian Scho lars
P..:-ogr am .
nt e Board unanimous ly agreed tha t or ientat ion should be provided to a l l
non - Ind ians coming onto the re serva t ions to work and that Ind i an s should be
( S ee s tory on Page 1 . - Ed . )
the pr inc ipal in s truc tor s in such programs ,
'nle Board r e que s te d l1r . Doyle to write to Mr . Dan Francis thanking him
for car ing for the recreationa l e quipment from last summer ' s vo lunteer program
and r e que s t ing him to turn this e quipment over to the Tribal Recreation Dire c tor s ,
Mr s . Mary A l t avater and Mr . Francis Sapie l .
111� nex t mee t ing of the Adv i sory Board wa� s chedu led for Tuesday , Septembe�
1 7t h , at 7 : 30 P . M. at Pe ter Dana Po int .
D ID YOU KNOW THAT
.rfargar et R. &tlth, daughter of ·fr . and l irs . Lawrence Fenalson of Prin ceton, be
came th e bride of Clayton s. Bailey, son of Nr. and · irs . Frank Bailey of Prince
The bride is em.ployed as a bookkeeper of th e Pa ssamaquoddy
ton, o n August lath ;
_
Comnunity Action Program :
- or th at about a dozen Ind ian s , r epresenting the Ni.cmac , Pequot , Pass ama
Bo ston
quoddy, Penob s cot and Wampano ag Tribe � perfonned c eremo nial danc e s o n the
Augu st 11th , on the eve of " American Ind ian Day " in Ma s sa c hu sett s ,
cormnon on
a s pr o c la im ed by Go v . Volp e ?
�MAINE INDIAN
NEWSLETTER
42
LIBER lY
S TREET
GARD INER ,
MAINE
04345
D ON ' T DELAY !
TO
c
GE T LOCAL AND
LONG
DISTANCE INDIAN NEWS ,
he following sub s cr ipt ion rate s are
rged for a 1 2 -month sub s cr ipt ion to
THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Indi an
on -Ind ian
"
"
''
- FREE
(Regular )
- $ 2 . 00/year
(Contr ibu t ing ) - $ 5 . 00/year
(Suppor ting )
-$ 10 . 00/year
(Life t ime )
-$50 . 00/year
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
l ive , fi l l out and send in the sub
s crip tion s l ip (be low) WITH the appro
priate amoun t .
Your sub s cript ion
will begin with the next ava ilab le
issue af ter your subscr iption s l ip
l s received .
TO YOUR
DELIVERED
DOOR EACH
MONTH !
If you are an INDIAN , wherever you live ,
f i l l out and send in the sub s cription
s l ip (be low) , identifying your Tribe
and enclosing NO money .
� addre s s labe l s indi cate the s tatus
.2f your subscript ion .
"F -I " means
"Free -Indian . "
The abbreviation o f
a month \JAN) is the time - next year your sub s cript ion fee will again be
due .
� � !!QI � � individual
expirat ion not ice , so be aler t !
(Com
plimentary and Exchange-siib'S"Cript ions
do not re quire renewal . )
- - � � - - - � - - - - � - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - �
I wou ld l ike to receive monthly regular is sues of the Maine Indian News let ter :
ADDRESS
DATE
IND IAN
_
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
NON-INDIAN
--::
...,..�
�
----------,_..
---�
--
( S treet or P . O . Box)
(City
S tate
AMOUNT ENCLOSED
TRIBE-----��----�-
_
_
_
ZIP Cod e )
Sub s cr ipt ion rate s : Ind ian -0- ; Non- Ind ian
$ 2 (Regular ) ; $ 5 (Contributing ) ;
$ 10 (Suppor ting ) ; $ 50 ( Lifetime )
-
S end this s lip , with your sub s cr iption charge , if appl icable , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Lib er ty S tree t , Gardiner , Maine
04345
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -� - - - - - - - �
Don ' t forget your Z I P Code !
�MAINE
42
BULK RATE
IND IAN NEW SLE TTER
U. S.
Liber ty
S tr e e t
POS TAGE
3 . E ¢ PAID
F r e e p or t ,
G ard iner ,
Mai n e
04 345
Permit
ADDRE S S CORRECTION
REQUE S TED
ge L ibr ar y
Co lb y C o l l e
Colleg
C o lby
0490 1
, Ha ine
W at er v i l l e
J AN
Ma ine
No .
33
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Aug. 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-08
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-458
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/c10fb59ff1b1581d9f1861a96cccadff.pdf
6ef32e870f32dcc3d59ebe9e7ea0a23b
PDF Text
Text
JULY
I IDIAl S,
GEOr.GIA·P�CIFIC OK
1968
WOODS PACT
OODLAPD - Passamaquodd y Indians,
lineal descendants of i!orth America's
won the exclusive right to cut pulJn-7ood on a disputed-owne-1.:
sbip section of Indian Tot'1Ilship lands Friday.
�ut they assumed the burden of
holding up the production end of the log in return.
original '\'100dsmen,
A far-reaching agreement, uhich becomes valid if approved oy the Tribal
Councils at the Indian Township and Pleasant Point Reservations, was reached
at a meeting betueeo representatives of the Passamaquoddy tribe and top officers
of Georgia-Pacific Corporation at the paper company's Toodland mill.
11ie memorandum of understanding Has presented by :iaine Employment Security
Commission Chairman James Schoenthaler and approved by Georgia-Pacific General
i-;anager Eduard G. r ils n.
A rough draft of the memorandum had ·-een tentatively
approved oy the two
i. al groups follot· ing an earlier meeting on July 8th • • •
Formal acceptance of the agreement cy the two Tribal Councils will bring
to an end a dispute over cutting operations conducted
y a private contractor
employecl Ly Georgia-Pacific,
hich Legan June 4th.
The agreement, t1orked out
in detail at a July 12th meeting,
stipulates that Georgia-Pacific will move
the private contractor onto other company-owned lands and complete the harvest
operations uith Indian labor.
One Indian ,.10ods crew is currently employed by
the paper company on Indian trust lands, ,,ithin Indian Township.
Additional
Indian cre\1s
ill be assigned
or.· in the disputed-ownership section of the
Township as soon as they can be recruite' and trained.
HESC officials will sponsor the recruitment among the more than 600 resi
dents of the two reservations and
raining sessions will be conducted by exper
ienced woodsmen members of the tri" e.
A conventional woods cret·7 in the ,type
of operations nou Leing conducted ;..y the company consists of a &kidder operator
and two or more cutters equipped uith power saws.
Georgia-Pacific has agreed
to ma�e equipment available \Tithout cost to uoods crews not already so equipped,
during the train ing program.
�asic recruitment for the training program, which
aims at developing 3 additional all-Indian crews, will
e the responsibility
of the 2 Tribal Councils and the Passamaouoddy Community Action Program.
i
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Port and's Division of Indian Services has
agreed to attempt to t10r
out a cystem that will enable it to assist Indians in
the purchase of heavy equipment in the event that tribal members undertake pulp
wo
DIS Coordinator
cutting contracts on their oun behalf, for the company.
Louis Doyle said that his agency uould maintain an active interest in the train
ing
program, and' felt that it would materially assist both tri'·al members and
the company .
His feelings
ere strongly supported 1:.y G-P officials, wh<:> said their exper
ith the one all-Indian woods creu now at work had been most satisfactory.
company said it lould welcome Indian creus in the woods to relieve a critical
ience
(Continued on Page
2)
�(2)
(Continued from Page 1)
labor shortage.
�ut the company officials said a consistent supply of pulpwooa
is essential to mill operations and they reserve' the right to sulstitute non
Indian crews or crew mem1:.ers if production lagged below reasonahle limi.ts.
Maine Governor I'enneth i. Curtis said the proposed settlement "indicates
that all parties have shown flexibility and consideration of each other's points
·of view1' and that the· mutual accomodation has lfar reaching and favorable implic
ations for the economic growth of the tribe and the Georgia Pacific Corporation.=•
Intlian Tol-mship, some 18,000 acres of mostly forested land just north of
Princeton has belonged to the tribe nearly 200 years, by treaty with Massachusetts
and administration by Haine after 1820.
In the past century-and-a-half, since
liaine's statehood, however, the Haine legislature voted from time to time to dis
pose of some of the land and over the years Georgia-Pacific acquired deeds to
some 6500 acres.
The Indian Affairs Department said about 3400 acres are harvested by year
to-ye�r cutting of only mature trees.
·3100 disputed acres are under water and
another 1000 acres are privately held by others.
The t'ribe is claiming in cur
rent litigation, introduced into Massachusetts Superior Court on March 8th, that
the state had no right to dispose of this land,- and that it still belongs to the
Indians.
On the Lalance of the Township, harvesting is managed by the-state and
carried out by Georgia-Pacific with all-Indian crews, by long-standing agreement.
The company reim�urses the trite's trust fund for the timber so obtained.
Com
pany practice is to hire independent contractors to harvest the alienated lands
to which it holds title.
The dispute broke into the news about 2 weeks ago, after the Passamaquoddies
had protested the co�pany contractor's cutting practices on 3 lots of the alien•
ated lands the tribe says it otms.
On June 26th, tribal spokesmen said the com
pany had done nothing to correct the practices nor to hire Indian labor, as re
quested earlier.
They gave Georgia-�acific seven days to stop operations on
the disputed lots completely, or to hire only all-Indian crews for the contract.
Then, on July 4th, about 50 Indians stopped the cutting operations by non•
violent demonstrations on the site, and additional work stoppages were brought
·
on two more ,d ays.
The group uhich worked out the tentative final agreement included tndian
Affairs Commissioner Eduard c. Hincl�ley, and Division of Indian Services Coordin
ator Louis Doyle, in addition to I-Ir. Schoenthaler.
Passamaquoddy Governors
John Stevens and Joseph Mitchell, and Tribal member (and A.F .s c. fieldworker)
Wayne lJewell and other company and �msc officials participated in the afternoon
meeting on the 12th.
At the outbreak of the dispute, Governor Curtis directed the Attorney Gen
eral's office :1to proceed in any action 'tvhich can lead to a final court determin
Tribal spokesmen on the
ation of the legal ownership of the lots in question.
12th indicated that they did not wish the legal ownership question to be brought
before Maine cour-ts by the Attorney General, for fear that it would interfere
with the larger tribal claims case already introduced into court in Massachusetts.
'The t'ribe's eventual long-range goal relative to the forest resources of
Indian To�mship is to equip itself to manage these itself, hiring or obtaining
such technical help as may be necessary.
Indian Commissioner Hinckley supports
this goal, and has cited similar development-of forest resources by other Indian
tribes throughout the country, as precedents
•.
11
•
. PEi!OESCOT I1ET PEI:Io:CSCOT
when, on July 11th, 20 creH members· from the USS Penobscot, a Lavy ocean tug,
Lt. Richard Culbertson, commander pf the
met their namesal·es on Indian Island.
Castine, explaineG that all Navy tugs are named for
vessel, currently moored at
A t-blood Oklahoma Cherokee is Hospital Nate on the
American Indian tribes.
Not-1 the question is - l-Yhere is the USS Passamaquoddy?
ship.
�- 3 E D
I T
0
R
I A L S
TRE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
EDITOR:
( Mrs. ) Eugenia T. Thompson
( P enobsco t )
News
and stories may be submitted to the Newslett
�r
at any of the f oll ow i ng ad d ress
es i
Maine
42
Indian New slett e r
Lib erty Street, Gardine�,
for publication
Morris Brooks
Maine 04345
Indian Township
Princeton,
Mary
Yarrual
Pleasant
Perry,
On Human
Carol Dana
Poi.nt Reservation
Maine
Ma � e 04668
Indian
04667
Island
Old To wn,
Maine 04468
Rights.
Human rights a.re e q u a l ri gh ts b eq u e ath ed to every new born the
right to be born, the right to be tau ght, the ri2ht to be tended to,
And ihen the ne1born became adult he has a ri ght to give birthand to
safe guard that birth with food, clothing, shelter, comfort.
He s a fegu ards
his ne 11born · 1ith the knowledge that within his culture, he accepts or
a d opts or abolishes
aws,
ordi nances,
charters and declarations.
Unfortunately wi +bin his culture, there <...re those �ho believe in
dist rib uti ng these rights, forsaking the insi'lt, in st in ct , the voice
.
within to consider a part of hu.uanity those who do not love his neighb or
as he loves his own self.
I often meet and talk with those neighbo r s who often propose that
to assimilate the IndiE.ns aud aboliwh the reserva
the best thing would be
t i ons.
To partake of humanity,
your
group,
one 111ust be
If-you do not then it is your own fault.
is
a
U1ea.1b�r.
You as a men1ber of
understand t h e rights and re�ponsi bilities of .Jewb�rship.
wrong in your procedure or proposals,
If you feel that so�ething
t_hen you 1ilu0t exercise your h Uiilan
ri ·ht to right che wrong.
·rhere are acceptable ways of makin.'� h u u1a ni ty
nnrl.P.rct.. nd and adjust the wrongs.
y People
have suffered
1any wrongs,
such as
treaty tra mpl in g
broken bequeaths,
pr oL1ises
promises,
killing,
burning
scalping,
hun ger,
pr e j u d i c e ,
It
polluting,
un eL1ployru en t
i ndef ; er c n c e.
is r e c e ntly that history has righte d ii'any huli1<:.m mistakes.
usi�g fu ll lileasure the proper and leg al pr oceedure.
But
we do n ot wish to
enslave a nat ion , murder a man, plunder the L.:.nd or march in numbers.
onl
y wish to serve in ascertaining our human rights, a b ol i s hin g
We
inequ it ies and erasing the iniquities of American history.
tie are now going to
sewarage facilities,
these r iehts to us.
promise� that need
live in adequate houses,
etc.,
have plufilbing facilities,
because our neig hbors have sought to bequeath
We are going to live again - but we have
a
few more
f ill ing - but we have been here lo n ger than you and
I expect we'll be around for some time to come - p e rh aps long enough to
witness t he
fulfilment of these promises.
END
�4
L E T
T
R S
E
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
We are sorry you have left this area but glad that you seem
happy
to be back where you once lived.
The cup of coffee invitation may just
be accepted by us it hath such a cheery and welcoming sound1
During the last part of 'June when sweetgrass begins to shine and
were living back in Eastport, Mitchell Francis 98 years old �as
taken
to the Eastport hospital•
Mitchell Francis Passamaquoddy, looked
up into the faces of those who were his family.
Recognizing them he
we
�
sm led then looked towards a window and as if seeing things remembered
wh ispered to those present, "I would like to walk in sweetgrass once
more."
j
Soon after at nine O'clock that night,
those who loved him.
Mitchell Francis quietly left
I went to the funeral at Pleasant Point.
The only other wbitewen I
saw were two undertakers.
The priest rematked to the congregation that
this funeral service would be the last in which their priest would wear
black vestments.
Henceforth the priest would be vested in purple for a
funeral •
•
•
The service beneath the colored glass windows topped, each one,
by colored glass thunderbird,
was soon over.
black vestments for'the last time.
I did not
The
priest took off the
00 to the burying ground.
Instead I went to where I first met -dtchell Francis at the sea meadow
where the sweetgrass is never still.
wise
Afterwards back.in Eastport
I found none who were aware that a
patriaFch had left the living.
the excitement of weddings,
ical events
Mitchell
Soon
In the newspapers to ·follow with
4th of
I
I felt as thou&h in all the
forked,
passing of
frustrated world
was the only one who felt and knew this vrnnderful old
after
and
,
July announcehl.ents and histor
I saw no notice or news-events or obituary of the
Francis.
of whi·teman
births,
quite by remarkable accident
I took a
Indian.
girl with the
Indian ancestry clear and sweet in her veins to pick her
fifst sweetgrass near the ancient IndiFn village of Sebaik. (Pleasant
She unhesitatinPly found and picked a
Point )
It was her first visit.
proud blood of
/hen we had finished picking I said to
her," there is a legend of a sweetgrass man blowing here ±n the sweet
fragrant swag of sweetgrass.
grass •
•
•
Now there will be a legend of a sweet grass girl f ;i
Instead of laughing she said
what
quietly,
"I
feel here in the sweetgraas
I am supposed to feel in church."
I felt that 1·iitchell
Francis heard and understood.
Sincerely,
A.E .r:c Innis
P.S.
Steinet • • Very topical and hits
• Stan
do most good---realization by white Jmerica
fresh new wind blowing in this land for the Indian • • •
Am reading TfJ.E NE
1
INDTli.N •
terrific punch where shoulrl
that there is a
(Letters continued on page
7)
�� -
-
FIFTH ANNUAL INDIHN
PENOBSCOT INDIANS
PAGEANT
"IN
TH E BEGINNING, there was nothing and Ketch-in-wesk, the
said, 'To fill this great void of darkness, I will
create the sun, the moon, and the stars, to en j oy all that I
11
have done, I will create man.'
Great Spirit,
•
•
•
•
gain the public is invited
Penobscot Indian.
T he tribe is
to beat the tom-tom to
This will
27,
DATE:
July
TIME:
2
PLACE:
Indian
P•
Admission:
4
P•
•
•
•
•
but
very
You
•
•
•
•
creation of
the first
donning their feathers .::i.nd preparing
l be presen�ed
as
in
a
the Passamaq uodd y
n at ural background.
e ach d a y .
I1aine.
.75.
Ann's
Follovling the PAGBANT
the island.
•
to watch the
al
The proceeds will benefit St.
on
•
•
$1.00.
Children:
SUGGESTION:
•
for such tribes
Old Town,
Island,
Adults
•
28.
and
and
•
•
Chiefs will be fe at ure d , since Indian
A Council of visitin g
aliseet.
•
the Green Corn Dan c e , i'fedding Dance and u1any
Island was a central location
and
•
•
set t.he stage for specialty, dances, along
with such group dances as
others.
•
Ch urch on Indian Island.
pay
1ill find the hand
well construct ed.
a
visit to one
of
the Indian stores
made goods are inexpeBsive
Even if you purchase
nothing you
will enjoy
the walk and will see many interesting arti fact s .
Be Slire and talk to sor.ie of the Indians.
friendly
thP
r.hi. 111.L·
eo()(}
t.j
'·
ill find
theLl
and interesting.
Take
You
�u,
h1·i
nr:
lrlPr
t:h0
f o] ks,
me.
__
pj_
rtnd
come yourself
an d
have
a
�f !lAf@�-6�
c@ u
ff AJ:G rt:�N U
'
From Old Town ,
head
right ,
Indian
at the
You can't miss it.
DA/V'CE5
the
S
We'll
0
A/ G- 5
Indian
Island
north and
Island bridge.
just watch for
sign.
see you thereJ
-in Penobscot.
SIDRf £.S
In
centuries
Indians held
past,
the Penobscot
similar ceremonies followini
all important events,
f ooo
turn
such as the
signing of treaties nith
following a harvest,
or
good friends dropped in.
the �':nglish,
just when
(The
Passamaquod3y,for instance.)
�7 Continued from page 4)
(Letters,
Dear Mr.
and
Virs.
now
Well,
Thompson:
busy season is nearly over and things have settled
time to write you.
I've forgotten who wanted the ash wood - Gov. Stevens or Gov.
litchell.
Could you plea.e tell me uhich on� and if he still needs it?
If the tribe h2S so me available land, I think we
could grow some trees maybe even enough to keep up viith the demand of making baskets, etc.
. . ..
down
to normal,
that our
I've got
•
•
•
Yours truly,
Mary, Jerry and Christopher Goodall
(Editor's note:
Jerry is the President of Goodall Tree Expert Co., Inc.
25 Gray R oad , Portland, Maine 04105.
He is quite interesteJ in the
Indians livin g in Maine, especially the Passafilaquoddy.
Some time ago
e talked to Jerry about the three Reservations and he helped put the
Newsletter together one month.
We told Jerry of the Indian's need for
ash wood and asked if he thought they could start a program to raise
some ash trees of their own for future needs.
We realize there may be
a problem of obtaining land for the program if the Pas.sawaquod .. y are
interested in setting one up, sonce it seems that every one except the
Indians themselves have leases to the land. (Some of these le&ses are
said to be 999 year leases which later sorue how turned into warranty
Deeds, but t�at is another story.) de will be talking to the Indian
Governors further about this . ) ·
Dear Eugenia:
We have a Neighborhood Youth Corp here at the Point, (Peter Dana
Point) but we are in dire need of tools to work with.
Our Commissioner of
India n Affairs has refused to help us.
I asked him for rakes and a
lawn mower, but he told me that the money.for the tools is not av.ai lable.
We are trying to beautify the two Reservations, but are-hampered by
the lack of working materials and other expenses such as money for
There
tran spo rtation and if we get a lawn mow·er we will need gas for it.
are no appropriations for this.
I would like to know of any men's or Women's organizations that
could help me with my problem.
Besides rakes and a lawn mower other materiE
can be used.
If there is any way in which you can help I would appreciate
hearing f rom you.
The program ends August 9th.
Sincerely yours,
Morris Brooks
Passaraaquoddy Tribal Councili.;1an
Peter Dana Point
Princeton, �mine
x
x
x x x x x x x
FR011 ·run PAGES OF HISTORY:
Wounded Knee .Nassacre
By
Black Elk
dry gulch, and what we saw was terrible.. Dead
women and children and little babies were scattered
'vVe followed down the
a nd wounded
all
al0ng
( Indian)
here they
w
The so ldie r s h;::Hl
them
in
there.
(Continued on
page 7)
had been trying to run away.
fo1 l nwc<l
A.1.o.ng
the briillch,
AS
t.hey
ran,
and murdered
�8 (Wounded Knee Massacre, continued from page 7)
Sometimes they were in heaps because they had hudJled together, and
some were scattered all along . Sometiaes bunches of them had been killed
and torn to pieces where the wagon guns hit them.
I saw a little baby
trying to suck its mother, but she was bloody and dead.
When we drove the soldiers bnck, they dug themselves in, and we were
not enough people to drive them out froru there.
In the evening they
marched off up Wounded Knee Creek, and then we saw all that they h�d
done there,
Men and women and children were heaped and scattered all over the
flat at the bottom of the little hill 1here the soldiers had their wagon
guns, and westward up the dry gulch all the way to the high ridge, the dead
woman and children and babies were scattered
This is the way it was:
The women. and children ran into the gulch and up the vest, dropping all
the time, for the soldiers shot them as they ran.
There were only about a
hundred warriors and there were nearly five hundred soldiers.
The Warriors rushed to where they had piled their guns and knives
(previously) .
They fought s�ldiers with only their hands until they got
their guns.
It was a good winter day when all this happened . The sun
was shining.
But after the soldiers Llarched auay from their dirty work,
a heavy snow began to fall. The wind came up in the night . There was a
big blizza�d, amd it grew very cold .
The snow drifted deep in the crooked gulch ctnd it !1as orie long grave
of butchered women and children and babies, nho had never done any harm and
were only trying to run away .
(From Rosebud Sioux Herald, July 1, 1968, p. 6)
·
• .
•
• •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
L'II:: YOU -G."!CY
THAT
- Frank Allen offered1 to buy an acre of land from· any of the five mem
bers of the Indian Claims Commission for $1.10?
He had already been turned
down Ly President .J0hnson 't·1hen he made the same offer for a pa:-t of the LBJ�
Banch.
Allen,
a Stillaguamish Indian from '.-J.ashington State, 't1ho is a leader
in the Poor- Pe opi e '·s Campaign, does not think the rejections are fair..
After
all, he argues , $ 1. 10 an acre is the recent offer the U. S. Government made
to his tribe for the 58,600 acres it took from them in the 19th Century!
- Red Sox r ookie outf"ieldei Joe Lahoud is part Penotscot Indian and
hunts every year ·with friends in Piscataquis County, where his grandmother
still resides?..
·
- Henry- Socl·a1eson III, 17-year old son of Mrs. Clarice �omer Sockabeson,
and� senior at John �apst,
Horkshop in the HuT!lanities,
is a student this summer at· the 6-ueek Grove Farm
in Rumford, He.?
The �mrkshop is in its 7th year�
with pro g r aas in literature, music, history and drama.
MacNichol named Assistant Chief Atto�ney
PINE TREE LEGAL ASSISTANCE, INC.
The Board of Directors of Pine Tree Legal Assistance, In.c. at its
regular quarterly meeting in Augusta last Wednesday, unanifilously aprroved
the apiointment of Alexander A. MacNichol of Cape Elizabeth as Assist�nt
Chief Attorney for the organization . Pending the .selection of a permanent
replacement for Charles w. Tenney who resigned as Chief Attorney in
April to accept a post at Northeastern University in Boston, the Board
Pine
also approved selection of MacNichol Ra Acting Chief Attorney.
(Continued on page 9)
�9 (MacNichol,
Continued from page
.
8)
Tree Legal Assistance, Inc. i s Maine's
OEO-funded, st�te.1ide legal services
program serving l�w income indivi
duals.
It has area offices in eight
cities throughout the state.
In other action, the Pine Tree Board also
approved unanimously the
appointment of Donald F. Fontaine as
Law Student Coordinator.
His duties
will include not only supervising
the work of a contingent of University
of Maine law st u dents, but also
the coordination of all test case and
law reform matters by the organizat
ion.
Pine Tree lawyers currently
are working on cases challenging
the ADC maximum budget and maxiLlum
grant limitat ions of the State
Department of Health and ,/elf are; the
imprisonment of an individual
for the "crime ii of chronic alcoholisru; the
ref usal of the Federal Social
Security Administration to grant �idow's
benefits to a common lu.w wife and the
"holder in due course" defense in
con tracts for consumer goods.
In the realm of law reform, Pine Tree is
�ons id e ri n g the problems of divorce legislation, body executions agniast
Judgment d e b t ors, housing code
enforcement, and the juvenile courts.
1' •
JacNich ol, a 1964 graduA.te of the University of Maine School of
Law, joined Pine Tree Legal �ssistance as a Staff Attorney in the Port
land Area Office in Lay, 1967
.
In January this year, he was appointed
Seni or Attorney for the Portland
Bffice and Acting Assistant Chief
Attorney.
Prior to joining the Pine Tree staff, MacNichol practiced lGw
in ,"'outh Portland.
He is a native of Eastpor�, r�aine.
Mr. Font aine is a 1967 graduate of the Georgetown University Law
Center.
Prior to law School, he served for two years with the Peace Corps
in Ghana.
Fontaine has served with Pine Tree Legal Assistcnce as a Staff
Attorney in Portland since the summer of 1967.
He is a native of Portland
here he resides with his bride of one month.
Outgoing Chief Attorney Tenney asked the Board of Directors to
ermit him additional time in
which to file his
final report to them.
He
indicated, however, that he would devote considerable attention in the
report to such matt�rs as the nature and extent of service actually
provided by Pine Tree lawyers, relations between the organization and
the bar of the state,
and possibilities for formal restructuring of
Tenney, who joined
the unit which is now uniforB throughout the state.
ine Tree Legal Assistance, Inc. as its first Chief Attorney in June,
1967,
leaves the state to become Dean of Northeastern University's
College of Criminal �lstice, a new venture designed to provide formal
acadP.mic t oin 'ng for law enforcement officers.
Poor ·People's Campaign
By James Scarboro
(The Coalition of American
Indian
Citizens)
WASilINGTON,
D.C.
- Four
Indians who have been active in the Poor
People's Campaign were among ·the nearly
�olice on Monday,
June 24,
300
persons arrested by WashinGton
while marching on the nation's capital building
to protest their eviction from Resurrection City.
The four, all members of the Coalition of American Indian Citizens,
1ere
jailed on a charge of unlawful assembly.
sou�ht arrest to dramatize eviction from
The marchers consciously
their Washington "home" and to
inaugurate what leaders call the second phase of the Poor People's Campaign1
the phase of civil disobedience.
This practice, which becawe popular du r i n 1
the Civil Rights Hovement' invol VGA the 1 ·'l.��fnl rH �oborH Pnce of laws to
draw attention to injusti�es.
(Continued on page
10)
�- �10 (Poor People, Continued from page 9)
The Indians arrested we re:
Mel Thom (Paiute) , Schurz, N�vada;
Victor Charlo (Flathead) , Arlee, Montana; .Hiss Tillie �valker (r.-1andan-Hidats
Denver, Colorado; and Miss Frieda ll/agnor (Pomo), Oakland, California .
The Poor People's Campaign has included people. from many rices
(Negro, Indian, Jviexican-American, Puerto Rican and ,/hite) and from time to
time has had as many as 150 Indian participants from tribes and reservation
throughout the country, representing sometimes harmonious and sometimes
diverse interests. The Indians have sought to ma.ke the country aware . that
Indian people are the poorest in the nation and those with perhaps the
least opportunity to live as they would choose to live .
Because the presence of the Indians in the campaign has not been
approved by the National Congress of American Indians, the participants
have made it clear that they represent only themsleves and others of like
mind.
But they have also made clear, notably to the Bureau of Indian
Affairs, their belief that neither tribal councils nor the National
Congress of American Indians has done a conscientious job of representing
Indian people.
While supporting the objectives of the Poor People's Campaign, the
Indians here have also worked on their own to make govern�ent agencies awar
of their particular problems.
They have demonstrated at the Bureau of Indi
Affairs, the Department of Justice, the Department of the Interior and
the Supreme Court and have presented detailed demands to governfilent
officials. Though the Indians have not been optimistic about the results
of their campaign, they plan to have a represe ntative in :1ashington
this summer to follow up on the many defilands and requests made during the
two filonths at Resurrection City.
They also plan to tell the story of their work here to other Indians
throughout the country in the hope of mustering support for what they
believe should be the common cause of all Indian people.
To partly accom
plish this purpose the Coalition of American Indian Citizens envisions pub
lishing a booklet describing the Washington campaign and how it might be
carried on in Indian communities.
The Coalition and presumably other
groups of Indians also·intend to maintain their alliance with the Poor Pe
Indians
People's Campaign and with whatever organization may replace it.
have discovered that such united action is more likely to make ."fashingto n
officials take notice of t�eir problems
. ..
Demands which the Coalition has made to the Dureau of Indian Affairs
include:
just compensation for land taken by the United States, the
creation of jobs and public worksprojects, conventions with tribes to re
affirm treaty obligations and to clarify ambiguities, , an end to
racism in federal agencies serving Indian peoples ahd the operation of
schools by Indian communities rather than by tribes .
•
.
x
x
x
x
Remarks of Senator Fannin regarding the National Congress of
American Indians not supporting the Poor People 1 s Hnrch . " • • • the National
Congress of American Indians, one of the most outstanding organizations
interested in the affairs of Indians, has voiced its opposition to the
Poor March in Washington and has courageously pointed out that without
definite realistic and achievable goals there can be little hope of
success. " Reprinted statement by the National Congress of American Indian<
(114 C .R. 98, S 6925-6926, June l0, , 1968)
June 3, 1968.
.
(Reprinted from American Indian Law Newsletter, The U. of New Mexico,
June 26, 1968, P• 5)
�- 11 -
REMNANTS OF NORRIDGE\"JOCK
Until his death in 1724, Fathe� Sebastian Rale lived and worked among
the Norridgewock Indians whose main village was in the
preJent Norridgewock
Madison area.
The village boarded the Kennebec River and thus were
sometifiles called Cannabas Indians.
They travelled along the river,
spending their summers nearer the coast and their
winters back at the Main
village.
The
setting of the village was at one of the most scenic points along
but all this was to come to an end because the English wanted
the land.
And �hen the English wanted Indian land they always ended up
getting it.
After negotiating several treaties and fighting in several
the river,
"-1ars",
the English finally reGorted to the only sure way they knew for
peace and maintaining it thereafter; this was to send in an
army and massacre all of the inhabitants.
Thus on Augu0t 23, 17 24
while the Indians were in church having Mass, the English swept down,
creating
burning the whole village and nearly every inhabitant.
The remnants
of the villagers who escaped went toindian Island to live with the
Penobscot tribe mostly, ¥rhile the remainder went to Canada to live, just
as the 1a1enock and Annasagunticook were to do just 20 to 25 years later.
This summer if you perchance find yourself in Portland,
to stop
at the IIaine Historical Society at
485
Haine besure
Congress Street where
on exhibit through Labor Day you will find many old relics of the
Kennebec area.
Included Father Rasle's strong box, his prayer book.and
the bell which �ent to his mission.
Valley published in England in 1755.
The exhibit
10 to
5
Also there is a map of the Kennebec
is free and the Historical Society museum
weekdays and from
THEN A PLEA.SANT DRIVE -
10
to noon on Saturday.
is opened from
·
Then to top the day off why not take a drive to
The directions are
see the area where the Indian village once stood.
easy:
First go to Norridgewock, then going north, turn right, on the
Madison Road (Routes 8 and 201A)
Then go about three miles and take a tarr
road on your left. (There is no sign to guide you so if you miss the turn,
just keep going until you come to the next tarred left which veers off
very sharply about 4 miles further down the road; no sign here either.)
After taking this turn you will come to an old Catholic Cemetary at the
very back of which is a monument depicting the place where the mission once
stood.
Less than a hundred yards further down the road you will cowe to
another stone monumentwith the following inscription:
Site of Norridge
Old Point monument
Indian Village destroyed by English in 1724.
wock
beyond commemorates the death of Father Rasles and Indians in massacre.
There are several logging roads nearby leading to the river bank,
Although the river cannot
also a beautiful pine grove picnic area.
be seen through the brush it is only a few feet into the woods.
and
It is best to visit the site on a beautiful day as then you will
be able to a:lmost sense how it was for the tribe to live in such a
beautiful area.
However, it might not be to your best interest to
take a
swim
in the same
or anything like that since the river.has not been kept
con�ition
as
he
trjbc
oncP
kept
itJ
�..
.....
·· -
-
.
-
- . -- . - .......
- 12 TOTEMS
T he figures or em�lems connected with the signatures of the Indians
in the language of the Algonquins, Totems; �nd are the dis
tinguishing marks or signs of the clans or tribes into which the various
nations are divided.
They are not the personal emplelils of the chiefs,
are called,
although
in signing treaties they employ then as their sign manual.
Each tribe or clan had its eLlblem, consisting of the figure of some
bird, beast, or reptile, and is distinguished by the name of the animal
which it has assumed as a device, as Wolf, Hawk, Tor�oise.
To different
totems, _says Parkman in his "Conspiracy of Pontiac,
degrees of rank and dignity; and those of the Bear,
the Wolf are among the first in honor.
Each man is prowd of his badge,
respect.
The
use of th�
the northern tribes;
totem
Mr.
jealously
11
attach different
the Tortoise,
asserting its claim to
prevailed among the southern,
Parkman says
and
that Mr.
as well as
Gallatin informed him,
that
he was told by the chief of a Choctaw deputation at �ashington, that in
their tribe w�re eight totemic clans, divided into t10 classes of four
each.
lr.
Parkman
stay of the
says
again,
in the work above cited,
which gave the structure its eiastic strength;
confederacy of
by
shocks
from
Iroquois must
irrespective
clans;
page
Iroquois polity was the system of totemshi,p.
9,
"But the main
It was this
and but fur this,
a mere
jealous and warlike tribes uust soon have been rent asunder
without,
or discord �rem within.
have formed an individual nation;
of their separation into tribes,
and the members of each
clan,
At sowe
for the
early
whole
period the
people,
consisted of eight totefilic
to what nation soever they belonged,
were mutually bound to one another by those close ties of fraternity which
mark this
singular institution.
Thus the five nations of the confederacy
were bound together by an eight-fold band;
remnants cling
TOO
LONG
and to this hour their slender
to one another with invincible tenacity."
PM
OVERPROTECTED:
Sectors of Canada's
Indian population hcve been overprotected for
Pririle Hinister Trudeau suggested to a riinnipeg meeting, May 24.
Speaking to some 1,000 dinnipeg business11en during his caLlpaign tour,
too long,
Nr.
Trudeau said
required
a
that
steps
toward full integration of the nation's
ilnecessary stage of protection,
11
Indians
but he also added that
"in many cases this stage has gone on for too long."
Mr. Trudeau dropped the suggestion during a question-and-answer
session with the local branch of the Canadian Club that swept briefly over
many of the key issues in the current election campaign.
in
He said the long-term aim of the government concerning the
should be geared to integration but not assiLlilation.
Indians
Canada
This involves,maintaining the autonomy and self-government of the
many bands for as long as is necessary to preserve Indian values and then
making sure that those values are integrated into society at large.
Although the prime minister made no specific rec01.u:.1endations, he in
may be time-at least in certain instances-to attempt to phase
programs of government protect.ion in order to promote n10re
dicated it
out many
extensive policies of integration.
( Indian
Record
(Canada)
June-July
x
REMINDER Maine
The
04345.
1968)
x
x
Newsletter's new a�dress is 42 Liberty Street,
stop in if you are in the area.
No phone yet.
Gardiner,
�JOIDJ <(OLLIER Is
VISION
by D Arey McNickle
John Collier,
fprmer U. s.
Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
in the little Roly Cross Hospital at Taos,
N.M.,
died on May 8
at the age of 84.
silences one of the civilized voices of a savage age.
His death
The fact that his long and productive life ended at Taos carries its own
poignancy,
for at Taos some forty-six years ago John Collier found his purpose.
The Taos Indians ·who sang by his bedside at the end were acknowledging that dis
covery,
thus completing the cycle.
As Commissioner,
during the years
1933-45,
years of depression and war,
Collier quite certainly rescued American Indians from the doom prepared for
them by generations of stupidity and venality fostered by government policies
and practices.
Indians will thus have the most immediate sense of loss in
Collier's passing.
Less immediate and less apparent is the loss of a social
critic of uncommon gifts.
For Collier, insight into Indian life gave access to "stupendous facts
within tiny dimensions11 about the con9ition of man in modern society.
That
was what first commanded his attention at Taos Pueblo in 1922, as he watched a
ceremonial dance.
Later he described how "a whole race of men, before my eyes,
passed into ecstasy through a willed discipline� splendid and fierce, yet struc
an objectively impassioned discipline which was a thousand years old.'
tural,
tJatching the dancers,
neither read nor tn-ite,
he realized:
"These were unsentimental men who could
poor men who lived by hard work,
men who were told every
day in all kinds of unsympathetic ways that all they believed in and cared for
had to die,
gods.11
and who never answered back.
For these men were at one with their
As he reflected on these and similar scenes in the years that carried him
deeper into tribal affairs,
it was borne in on Collier that Indians had retained
something that had disappeared from the lives of industrialized Westerners.
Urbanization had uprooted populations, destroyed neighborhoods,
impoverished
the relationship between generations, expanded enormously �uch escape devices
as commercialized recreation,
and favored the lowest con:mon denominators in
entertainment and mass communication.
wildered,
In all of this,
confronting ultimate destruction.
urbanized man stood be
That Indian societies coul<l survive in an environment so hostile to simple
folk values could only astonish a mind as sophisticated as his.
In spite of
oppression, contumely, appropriation of their wealth, even threats of extermin
ation through wars and pestilence, they had remained viable, keeping their lang
uages, their religions, their kinship systems and their self-views and world
views.
observed:
They had been adaptive and assimilative,
yet faithful to the past.
He
beauty in the human relationship,
happiness and amplitude of personality are not dependent on complexity of mater
ial culture or on that 'security' which in the world today has come to be a
"Intensity of life,
form in life,
controlling objective • • • • It is.hard for us, citizens of an age of giant external
power, to conceive that the human psychic and social values • • • • were not created
by ourselves.;:
(To be continued next month;
from The Nation,
6/3/68)
CHURCHES FORM DENTAL CLINIC FOR INDIANS
CALAIS - The Division of Indian S�rvices of the Diocese of Portland has
announced the establishment of a dental clinic at Calais Regional Hospital.
The
clinic, sponsored by the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee and the Diocese
(with the assistance of the Maine Dental Health D�vision and Dental Association)
will treat dental problems among Passamaquoddy Indian children.
Louis L. Doyle, co-ordinator of the Division of Indian Services, stated
(Con�inueo on Page 14)
�( 14 )
( Con ... inued from Page 13)
c l in i c wi l l g iv e f ir s t prior i ty to the treatmen t o f t h e d e n t a l pro� l ems
of Indian chi ldren and w i l l a l s o tr e a t Ind ian adu l t s if t ime permi ts .
i ::·!e hope the c l in i c wi l l lead even tua l ly to incr eased cien t a l fac i l i t ie s
f o r a l l peop l e i n t h e Ca l a i s ar e a , · 1 D oy l e s a id , : .bu t in the b e g inn ing � e can
t h a t the
offer
s erv i c e s on ly
Ska l ing dur ing
its
ty the 0 ta t e D e n t a l
to Ind ians •
Thomas
The c l inic wi l l b e dir e c ted by Dr .
. :
in i t i a l phas e s ,
( a s s i s t e d by
two Den tal
He a l th D iv i s ion . )
(o;'rom the ' angor Dai ly l ..e-os , 7 / 1 / 68 )
Hygien i s t s as s igned
C UP. TIS IJAL:ZS HUI JAP RIGHTS TASK F OI:C3
(AP)
AUGUS TA
. - Gov .
R i g h t s Nonday with D r .
Kenne th N .
J.
S t an ley
Cur t i s appo in t e d a Tas k Force on Human
Evan s o f r anger as
chairman .
' ' Of imme d i a t e concern to me , : : Cur t i s s a i d in a s ta t emen t ,
t he po s s iL i l i ty o f d i s cr imina t ion in r e a l e s t a t e tran s ac t i on s . : i
t a sk f o r c e
make
: . c and idly r epor t on
to
spe c i f i c r e c ommend a t ions
for
the
the fu l l enj oymen t of
10th .
he l d in Augu s t a on Ju ly
leg i s lative and
t io n s
to
in
the
the
task f or ce ,
s tate
•
•
•
admin i s t r a t ive ad opt ion . 1 1
l aws and pr ac t i c e s affe c t ing a l l 1-laine
The f ir s t me e t ing wi l l oe
the ir c iv i l r igh t s .
of var ious r a c i a l and r e l ig ious minor ity
The governor named r e pr e s en ta t ives
group s
He a sked the
of r igh t s guaran teed in Maine and
ex tent
The t a s k for ce wi l l a l s o evalua t e I-Jaine
pe o p l e in
1 = 1 s to e l iminate
the three
inc lud ing the governor s o f
Ind i an r e s erva
•
(From t he F angor D a i ly l1e\·1 s ,
6 / 26 / 6 8 )
F TC RULE S UID IAP CRAF T HUS T B E GENUINE AB TICLE
HAS HD!G TON (AP)
The F e deral
-
Trade Commi s s ion came to the de fen s e Thur s
d a y o f t h e Amer i c an Indi an and h i s cr a f t smanship .
The commi s s i on s a i d i t has un cover ed impor ted and mach ine -made cur io s . �
souven ir s and nove l t i e s which have b e en pa s s ed o ff a s genuine Ame r i can Indian
hand icr af t s .
i s sued a t rade r egu l a. t i on
It
1 1a j or provi s ion in
hopes
it
to
is
the regu l a t ion
l imit
t·ri. 1 1
such
s t op the prac t i ce .
terms as 1 1 Indian made , . .
1 1 Ind i an 1 : and = 1Ame r i c an Indian ' · o n ly t o tomahawks , t o t em p o l e s , arrows , tom- toms
and o ther ar t i c l e s hand cra f ted by Indi an s l iving in the Un i t ed S ta te s .
Por t l and Pr e s s - He r a ld ,
(From the
L:. / 1 9 / 6 B )
FAS HIONADLE F IDDLIUIEADS
It
t ab l e s ,
f idd lehe ad
is
s t ra ight ye�r
Brun sw i ck ,
and
and nm1 ,
s ea s on up Hor th ,
f idd l eh e ad s even have
f id d l eh e ad fan s made
it
to
in the S t . John River in l!e't·1
the ceremon i e s on a b arge tha t l1as
tho s e in a t tend an c e 't·1er e de s cendan t s o f
Among
fidd leheads
f ir s t harve s t ed
spor t s ,
•
•
•
thr e e centur i e s
but
ag o .
the Mal e c i t e Ind i an s , who
The F i dd l ehe ad F e s t iva l
Ind i an dan c ing and the crown ing of
s toryt e l l ing ,
d l ehe ad prince s s ,
f i d d l ehead s
l ike o ther b ig - t ime vege
the se cond
It uas he ld for
the o ther we ekend on Savage I s land
pas s eci o f f as a f erry .
f e a tured
jus t
fe s t iva l .
the ir o"t<m
1 9 6 0 fid
the
the highligh t was a d inner of roas t b e e f and ,
of cour se ,
•
F id d l e head s ,
cur l e d up frond s
of
gra c e fu l
s p irals r e s emb l ing
the o s tr i ch f ern .
the head s o f vio l in s ,
· The e ar l ie s t of
are the
s pr ing gr.e en s ,
they
They tas t e l ike as paragus wi th mu shrooms .
A favor i t e d i s h is to s erve them wi th poached egg and h o t but t ered toa s t , but
NcCain ' s Foods Ltd . , o f F lorencevi l l e
there are many way s to s erve f i d d l ehe� s .
grow in Haine and par t s o f Canad a .
P.E . ,
pacl-ag e s
i a l ty
s to r e s
1 10 , 000
pound s o f fro zen f i dd l eheads a year a n d l e t s U .
f igh t over them •
(From Spor t s
•
•
I l lus t r a t ed ,
6/ 1 0 / 68 )
S.
spec•
�(15 )
�
GOVER I' OE S ATTEtID Hill�J:1 LIGHTS TA SK ' FO itCE i'.iE!; TI UG
( S e e s tor.y on Page 14)
AUGU� TA
Pa s s ama quoddy Governor s Jo s eph lii t che l l ( Pl e a s an t Po in t ) and
( Ind ian Town ship ) and Penob s c o t Governor John Hi t che l l a t tend e d t he
f ir s t me e t ing of the Ta sk Force on Human Right s , appo in ted by Gov . Kenn e t h M .
Cur t i s , he l d in Augus t a o n Ju l y 1 0 t h .
At t h i s me e t ing , a sub c ommi t tee on Ind ian Affair s was s e l e c t ed , cons i s t ing
John
S t evens
the 3 Tr i b a l Governo r s ; Dr . J e an D . Andrews , po l i t i c a l s c ience pro fe s s or a t
the Un iver s i t y o f Maine i n Augu s t a , and a member o f the F l a ck fo o t Indian Trib e ;
Hr . G e r a l d Talbo t , o f Por t land , 3rd V i ce -Pres ident df the iJew Eng land Reg iona l
Con fer ence of the NAAC P ; Mr . Orv i l l e S . Po l and , an a t torney from B lue Hi l l ; and
of
•
Edward Hurre l l , of Augus t a , a memb e r o f the l'-"'
.iaine S t a t e Advi sory Commi t te e
t o the Uni t e d S t a t e s Cormni s s ion on Civ i l Right s .
The Ind ian sub c ommi t te e p l an s
a me e t ing f or July 20th at the home of Governor John Mi t che l l , on Ind i an I s l and .
In add i t ion , Governor S t even s was a l s o named to s erve on the Task Force ' s
pub l ic r e l a t io n s sub commi t t ee , and Gov . John �li t c he l l i s a memb er of the sub
commi t t e e on Job Oppo r tun i t i e s .
TE PE E C l 1Y I J ERECTED BY DI SGRUNTLED IND IAr!S
- Ano ther �-!ashing ton had i t s Re surre c t ion Ci ty today s e t up b y Ind ian s who say they wan t the ir l and b a ck
b e cau s e whi t e men haven ' t l ived up to the ir tre a t ie s .
OLYMPIA . T Ta s h .
a
t e pe e and
(AP)
ten_t encampme n t
The camp , e s t ab l i s hed on a corner of t he s t a t e cap i t o l ground s , is r e ferred
to b y t nd i an l e ad er Jan t Mc cloud as "Re surre c t ion C i ty I I . 1 =
Some o f its l e ad
er s a l s o were ac t ive
capital .
in the l if e o f the f ir s t Re surr e c t ion C i t y � n t he na tion ' s
ir
camp s t ar t e d , ¥ s . Mc c loud announ c e d the Ind i an s wer e r e
S he said the whi t e man
c l aiming a good p ar t o f the s t a t e - inc lud ing O l ymp i a .
Tlhen the
had broken the Me d i c ine Creek Treaty of
S he r e ferred
to a U . S .
1 8 54 .
Supreme Cour t rul ing
that
the
treaty d idn ' t g ive
t.or t hwe s t Ind i an s the righ t to f i sh commer c i a l ly for s a lmon off
t ions in vio l a t ion of s t a t e cons erva t ion laws .
111 e
curr en t n igh t t ime popu l a t ion of
the
camp ,
the ir r e s erva
con s i s t ing of
three
20- foo t
At i n terva l s , the
canva s t e p e e s and f our t e n t s , is 29 , dr s . Hc C l oud s a id .
camp ' s c o s tumed and b e aded med i c ine man , S€mu Huau te , who d e s cr ib e s hims e l f as
Chuma s h Ind i an an d in t e r t r ib a l me d i c in e man from Ca l i fornia , l e c ture s cur iou s
from Olymp i a on Ind i an lore and cus toms .
The c amp is o f f i c i a l ly ignored by the
a
s tate .
The
s e t t l emen t
is a l s o to pr o t e s t
r ig h t s ac t iv i s t D i ck Gr e gory .
a
the
j a i l ing of Negro come d ian and c ivi l
Gregory i s in j a i l j u s t acro s s
the
s tre e t s erving
90-day s e n t en c e in conne c t ion w i t h an Ind ian f i s hing demon s t ra t ion more
than
Hr s . � cC l oud was invo lved in the o r ig inal demon s tr a t ion t o o .
two y e ar s ago .
To a que s t ion of how l ong the Ind ians p lan to s t ay , Mr s . Nc C l oud has a
s tand ard an swer f or a l l comer s : "As l ong as the sun shines and the rain f a l. l s
and t h e moun t ains s t and . '
(From the
Por t l and Even ing Expr e s s ,
6 / 28 / 68 )
SI!:l-�TE SUBCONMITTEE S TAFFZP.S V I S I T NAir!E
AUGUS TA
-
John Gray and Adr ian Parme t er ,
s ta f f memb e r s of t he U . S .
Senate
Spe c i a l Subcommi t te e on Ind i an Education , v i s i t ed Augus ta on Ju ly 1 7 t h and t h e
Pas s amaquoddy �e s erva t ion s or. J u l y 1 8 th a s p ar t o f a nat ion•wide explor a t ion o f
Inv i ted i.:.y Gov . Kenne th
prob l ems , pr ograms and pro gr e s s in Ind i an e ucat ion .
Cur t i s at the r e o ue s t o f b o th Pas s amaquoddy J:'rica l Counc i l s , the· s ta f f er s me t
Thur s d ay a f te rno �n i n the Governor ' s o f f ice with repr e s e n t a t ive s o f the S tate
(Con t inued on Page 1 6 )
�(16)
(Continued from Page 1 5 )
D e partments o f Education and Indian A f fairs , the Diocesan D ivision of Indian
Services and the S isters of Mercy , be fore continuing their trip to the Pleasant
Pleasant Point and Ind ian Township Reservation s .
( The Penobscot Tribal Coun cil
had earlier votec! not to b e come involved with the Sub committee ' s · " · � ·: ·. �: �. .:. :. .
Governor Curtis told the group that 1 1Maine and the Federal government must
ac celerate their work together to correct the ine quities which often limit the
educational oppor tunities of many of our Naine Indians • 1 1
Outlined at the meeting was the need for new classrooms , comprehensive
guidance servi ces , ho t lun e� and breakfast fac ilitie s , ade quate school playgrounds
and expanded adult education programs at virtually all of the state ' s Indian
reservations .
In d iscussing some of the cultural and language factors that a f fect Indian
education in Maine , as elsewhere , the Governor commented : · 1 1 It is very d i f f icult
to live in two d i f ferent worlds .
The only solution as I see it is to allow
our Indian citizens the freedom to d o what they want, by making as many oppor
tuni ties a�Tailable to them as possib le , so they may live in whatever way they
wish . 1 1
Underlining many of the Governor ' s comments about the Reservations particularly those of the Passamaquoddy Tribe - was his emphasis on the impor t ance
of e conomic d evelopment programs , not only for the Reservations but also for
Washington County as a whole .
Grey and Parmeter agreed that education could
not be separated from such other areas of
development and the like .
concern as heath ,
employment ,
e conomic
The Governor also announced at the meeting that an Indian Education Advisory
Committee is being formed by the Maine Education Council to assist in drawing
up reconunend ations to the Governor concerning the establishment of a long -range
vocational and edu cational guidance program at the state ' s Indian reservations.
n The time is long past when states ancl the Federal government can afford
to shirk their responsib ilities in providing quality educ ation for the American
Indian , 1 1 said the Governor .
: 1 In this respect we are now not only attempting
to achieve e quality of opportunity for Maine Indians relative to that of the
rest of the state ,
but equality of results . "
A frequent theme during the meeting in Augusta was the fact that many
federally -assisted programs that are available to Indian tribes under Fe deral
j urisdiction are not nou available to Maine Indians, whose jurisdiction rests
with the state .
Furthermore ,
a number of Federal programs designed to benefit
communities and units of loca l government in general are also not applicable to
the reservations in Maine without amendments of existing state and Federal laws ,
because of historical complexities and the unique political status o f the reser
vations .
The Governor cite d , as one example of this problem , the several amend
ments re quired in the Maine Indian Housing Act before the tribes could become
eligible for sewage and water grant programs routinely available to communities
throughout the country .
The Governor praised earlier actions by the University of Maine and the
Board of Education for the state in making scholarship programs available at
various institutions of higher education .
"Hore such programs are needed , " he
said .
He also conunended such programs as Head S tart , the Studen t Action Corps
Penobscot tutor ing program , and activities of the Diocese
(University of �Iaine )
in the fields of education and child health .
D ID YOU KNO�·J THAT
po sted t�e highest score ever record
ed in basic training combat proficiency tests in Co . E , 4th Bn . , 3rd Brigade at
He ran the mile in 5 : 34 in full combat uniform and boots .
F t . Lewis, Wash . ?
Great-grand father Richard Wooden Legs was on the winning side at the B attle of
Pvt .
John Wooden Legs ,
Little Bighorn ,
of Lame Deer , Mont . ,
against General Custer .
conunands a battalion at Ft .
Lewis .
A great-grand -nephew of General Custer
Pvt . Hooden Legs has never met him !
�{ 1 7)
1 1 THE ALIENATED
As thi s
C l ark
b e ing wr itten
is
7 th )
( Ju l y
state permi s s ion to cu t timb er on Indian l and s , the so - c a l l e d
wh i c h has b e en g iven
Ind i an s
the
lots : •
" a l i enated
c l aim by way of a 1 7 94 treaty with Nas sachu s e tts .
howeve r ,
No matter uhat the re su l ts ar e ,
n o matter who s e
r e forms ,
there is no way o f fore t e l l ing the
the confrontation at Pr inceton b e �ieen the Ind i an s and the company
of
r e s u l ts
LOTS 1 1
b y Hi l l iam M .
it is pas t time
for
no ma t te r wh i c h l eg i s l ator s grumb l e about b e ing d i s turb e d in the ir
Ind ian s at Pr i n c e ton
The
have a pre tty good c as e
have a good
for c l aiming ,
case
of
fairne s s
The
as a min imum ,
por t ion s of
5 , 000
10 , 000 .
or
The
but
the who l e of Washington County ,
It s hou l d have some b e ar ing ,
on the
however ,
The
shou l d be the i r s ·, to manage and to harve s t .
in any way they s e e
i t b e ing s iphoned o f f to be u s e d ' 1 f or the i r mm good . i :
shou ld be
l and
the irs to d ivide
Suppo sed l y the management and harve sting o f Ind ian land i s no·w
deal .
They
they
Ac tual l y ,
g iv in g them comp l e te contr o l of the acr e s they admitte d l y own .
l and s at Pr i n c e ton
from the
r evenue s
curta i l e d ,
s leep .
at l e as t 1 0 , 000 acr e s of timb e r l and .
mm
c l aiming anothe r
for
futi l e to tal � about that.
it i s
some drasti c
fee l ings are hur t , n o matte r who s e pr o f i ts are
f i t , w i thout
a
three -·way
State o f �Lai ne prov id e s the for e s ter s to p l an and activate a long
theor e t i c al ly , aims at cont inuity o f harve s t .
rang e pro gr am wh i c h ,
compan ie s buy the '-mod and gui� cut t ing prac t i re s .
a nd the s tumpage .
The Ind ians
Pr ivate
supp l y the
nut even i f they were not ,
F inanc ia l ly , the Ind ian s are abus ed .
1ho le arr angement i s archai c .
The patching up of �he pr e s en t quarr e l ,
shou ld not b e a s ignal
the Ind i an s tr iumph ,
B e c au s e ,
l ab or
the
if
even
for perpetuation o f the o ld program .
at Pr i n c e ton , we have the near e s t th ing imaginab l e to a d iv in e ly
He have c ir cumstan c e s that can be
created s ituation .
arranged to g ive a who le
The oppor tun ity i s
group of people a look at new hor i z on s .
even the most l e thar g i c bur e aucrat s hould b e
j o l te d by i ts
so exc iting that
spark .
It is
a lmo s t
l ike hav ing a chance to tur n ove r a l imi t le s s c o a l mine to an Appal achian com
mun i ty of 10 p e o p l e and s ay ,
it.
B le s s you , the r evenue
is your industry ; we wi l l train you to run
i . Here
i s your s
• 1:
l au n ch the s e programs where w e tr ain p e op l e for j ob s and then f ind j ob s
them .
l e l l , o n the Ind i an s ' timb er land s the re i s a who le range o f j ob s
He
for
re d y to b e
f i l led •
Ind i an has a s hare
•
•
•
•
work to b e done for an Ind i an cooper ative i n whi ch e ach
•
•
•
work in wh i ch there
is pr ide o f po s s e s s ion and knowl edge
that the land '7i l l be i n b e tter shape f or s on s to come .
How could the r e po s s ib ly be anything more wor thy of a state suc s i d i zed
educationa l pro gr am ,
s tate
l o an s for machinery ,
s tate provid ed guidan c e but NO T
COH'IROL?
A man d o e s n ' t need to be a graduate for e s ter to know the e s sential s o f
mark ing a t r ac t f or proper
cour s e
in
fore s t management .
be managing the ir
s t ate
He n e e d n o t be a high s cho o l graduate
cutting .
to ab s orb a l l the fundamenta l s he wou ld have to l e ar n in a short
to be ab l e
• • • • or
mm
In
3
or 4 y e ar s ,
land s as w e l l as
any
the Ind i an s at Prin c e ton c ou ld
other owner s of
timb er tr acts
in th i s
in th i s "t-1ho le coun try .
To pa s s up thi s chance to he lp and encourag e p e o p l e to he lp thems e lve s
i s an a f front to every s tated goal
i s a p la c e to open u p a future .
be done for s o
of the O f f i c e of Economic Oppor tun ity .
Th i s
Thi s
i s a s i tuation i n wh i ch s o much cou ld
l i ttle that the te l e grams
should b e pour ing into Augu sta .
lb e i n j us t i ce that has b e e n go ing on for s o l ong has cu lminated i n a cr i s · s .
Ue n e e d a swe e p ing change , a l e g i s l a ted revo l
Le t u s no t have a patching j ob .
ution ,
a b r and new p l an .
Summer g o e s swi f tly .
How doe s the
c l o ser than we think .
from y our d i s tr ic t s tand on g iv ing thi s r e al he lp to the Maine Ind i an s ?
E le c tion s are
cand idate
(From the
Por tland Pre s s - He r ald ,
7 / 8/ 6 8 )
�( 18)
AD S AND AMERICAN UIDIAES
Ano ther minor i ty group - the Ame r i can Indian - is pro t e s t ing d i s tor t ion
trad i t ions and h i s tory in TV comme r c i al s .
John Be l indo ,
exe cu t ive d ir e c tor of the Nat iona l Congre s s of Amer i c an Ind ians and h ims e l f a
Kiowa - Nava j o , showed up as a wi tne s s b e fore the New York Ci ty Commi s s ion on
Human R i gh t s during hearings on a l leged d i s cr imina t ion again s t mino r i ty groups
of
i t s chara c t e r ,
in commun i c a t ions and adver t i s ing .
shou l d be heard , as we l l as tha t of
He remind ed them that
the He gre and
the Ind ian viewpoint
the Puer t o Ri can .
1 1 The enhan ceme n t and per p e tu a t i on of s tereo type mo t i fs of the Indian as
s avage or t r eacherou s , unre l iab l e or chi l d l ike , produ c e s impeding
e ff e 5 t s on emp l oyab i l i ty of the Indian or h i s oppor tun i t i e s for educat ion to a
drunke n ,
s ta t e of emp l oy ab i l i ty .
I t a l s o l end s i t s e l f to the generat ion of s e l f -r igh t
j u s t i f i c a t ion s on t h e par t o f t h e non- Ind ian i n app l i c a t ion o
commerc ial
ac t iv i t i e s whi ch have d ir e c t soc i a l and e conomi c impa c t on the Ind ian . 1 1
f
e ou s
1968)
Ju l y ,
(From Changing Time s ,
MOHEGAN MUSEUN
Pe o p l e from some 1 7 countr i e s have found the ir way to the Mohegan Museum
on Conn e c t i cu t S ta t e nou te 3 2 , abou t 9 mi l e s nor th of New London , Conn . , accord
to a r e ce n t
ing
�·
3 - co lumn f e a ture ar t i c l e
in the
trave l
s e c t ion of The New York
The mus eum i s oper at e d b y Har o l d Tan t a quidgeon and h i s s i s t er ,
_G l ad y s Tan t qu idgeon , uho a r e d e s ce ndan t s of the Mohegans i l lu s trious
TOO !ATE TO CLAS S IFY -
S
l
sees
The He ighborhood You th Cor p s program at
Ind ian youth wor king
v i s ion of Danie l Franc i s ,
t ion o f Mor r i s Broo!�s .
I s land ,
tribal
at
and at
r e cr e a t iona l ar e a s .
- Mi l l town ,
Pa s s amaquodd y l and thi s sunnner
the Plea sant Po in t Re s erva tion under the
Penob s c o t young people ar e simi lar ly employed a t Indian
Pro j e c t s
inc lude expanding and b e au t i fy ing
general r e s erva t ion c le an -up s and
N. E . ,
by Pa s s ama quoddy Ind i an s
super
the Ind ian Totm ship Re s erva t ion under the d irec
und er V I S TA superv i s ion .
ceme t e r ie s ,
Mi s s
Chi e f Unca s .
on Ju ly
14th wa s
the ho s t
from Plea s an t Po in t .
the deve lopmen t of b e t ter
to co lorfu l ceremon i a l dance s
- Owen Lo l ar and Jeffrey G o s l in , o f the Penob s c o t Tribe , repeated _ the ir
e ar l ier f ir s t s eme s ter succe s s e s at E .
Maine Voc a t iona l - Te chnical In s t i tu t e
by appear ing on the Dean ' s l i s t f o r t h e se cond s eme s t er ,
- Rob e r t Jone s ,
is now a c o ord ina t or
s cho o l s for
is
-
7th .
for
of Educ a t ion in a program to p lan mode l
the D e p t .
the Ind ian Re s ervat ion s and unorganized terr i tor i e s o f the s t a t e .
Pro f e s s ional
proud of
ending June
former s choo l super in t end ent in the Sherman Mi l l s ar ea ,
the
fact
s inge r ,
tha t he
26 -year o ld Hayne Newton ,
is
%
Ind i an
a
nat ive of Nor f o l k , Va1 ,
- par t Cherokee and par t Powa t an .
- A vac a t ion s cl)ool: invo lving ch i l dren from Prince ton , Wa i t e , Grand Lake
Ind ian Tmvnship
Pe t e r Dana Po int wa s conc luded on June 2 8 th .
_ Chap l a in C o l eman 0 1 Too l e and S i s t e r Nary Vin c e n t o f the S i s t er s of Mercy to ok
par t in the program , whi c h wa s condu c t e d with the Congregat ion a l chur che s of
S t r e am and
3 non - Ind ian commun i t ie s .
the
that
s o on ,
the Border Hi s tor i ca l So c ie ty , in E a s tpor t , l e arned
the Ma ine Mu s eum Commi s s ion wi l l v i s i t Hashing ton Coun ty
in conn e c t ion _ l1i t h Ind ian Ve ter ans ,a t P l e a s an t Po in t .
- V I S TA Trainee s l o c a t e d on the 3 Re s erva t ions for a 4 -week t r i a l exper
- The
June me e t ing of
the d ir e c tor
of
P l e a s an t Poin t ; · Kim Cler c and Eob Lowe
At the
Ind ian To�m ship .
end of the 4 we eks , the 3 Tr i b a l Coun c i l s wi l l be a sked to de c ide if they wish
the vo lun t e er s to s tay for a fu l l y e ar of s ervi c e .
- 19 Pa s s amaquoddy· young people e n j oy e d a one -'We ek home s t ay program in
ience ar e :
Bi l l and D o t t ie r...u per t ,
At t l eb or o ,
Mas s . ,
at
Ind i an I s land ;
and Greg Bue s ing-
late
in Jun e ,
for
at
and r.ruce B evy at
the
s e cond y e ar in a row .
�MAINE INDIAN NEW SLE TTER
42 LIBER TY S TREET
GARD INER ,
�
.AINE
04345
DON 1 T DELAY !
TO GE T LOCAL AND LONG D I S TANCE INDIAN NEWS ,
Th e fo l lowing sub s cr i p t ion r a t e s are
chaTged for a 1 2 -month sub script ion to
THE MAINE I ND IAN NEWSLE TTER
Indian
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
Non - Ind ian (Re gular )
"
( Con tr ibu t ing )
"
( Suppor t in g )
"
(Life t ime )
-$ 10 . 00/year
- $ 50 . 00/year
If you are a NON - I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and s end in the sub
scrip t ion s l ip
pr i a t e amoun t .
(be low ) WITH the appr o
Your sub s cr i p t i on
w i l l b e g in with the next ava ilab le
is sue a f t e r your sub s cr ip t ion s l ip
is r e c e ived .
DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR EACH MON TH !
If you are an INDIAN , wherever you l ive ,
f i l l out and send in the sub s cr i p t ion
s l ip
(b e l ow ) ,
ide n t i fy ing your · Tr ib e
and enc l o s ing N O money .
The addr e s s l abe l s ind i ca t e the s tatus
"
o f your sub s cr ip t ion .
"F-I
me ans
"
"Fre e - Indian .
The abbreviat ion o f
a month
( JAN)
i s the time - next year
your sub s cr ipt ion fee wi l l again be
due .
-
You wi l l NOT ge t an ind ividual
e;-sO"b'e-a"ler t !
exp ir atIOO not'ic
(Com
p l imentary and Exchange-sUb'Seript ions
do not r e quire renewal . )
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
I wou ld
ADDRESS
l ike t o rece ive monthly regular i s sue s o f the Maine Indian New s l e t ter :
DA TE__ __ __ __ _
__
__
__
__
IND IAN
NON-INDIAN
����----��
( S tree t or P . O .
B ox )
S ta t e
( C i ty
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Code )
Ind i an -0- ;
S end t h i s s l ip , w i t h your
Non - Indian - $ 2
$·1 0
TRIBE�----�---
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_
_
_
(Regu l ar ) ;
{ Suppor t ing ) ;
sub s cr i p t ion charge ,
$ 50
$5
if app l icab l e ,
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Liberty S tree t , Gardiner , Maine
(Con tr ibu t ing ) ;
(Li fe t ime -)
to :
04345
-- - - ��- - ------ - - - --------- - ------------------ - - - -------- - ----- - - - - ---------�- - -- ---- -
D on ' t forge t your Z I P Code !
�MAINE
42
I ND IAN NEW SLE TTER
BULK RATE
U.S.
Lib er ty
G ard iner ,
3. €¢
S tr e e t
Maine
POS TAGE
PAID
· Freepor t , Maine
04345
Permit No .
ADDR E S S CORREC TION
REQUE S TE D
L ib r ar y
C o lb y Co l l e ge
o lb y C o l l e ge
C
0 4 90 1
ine
W at er v i l l e , Ma
AN
33
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter </em>(July 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-07
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-459