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.VoLuME 4' 'NUMBER 1
APRIL 197 1
CASE OF INDIAN CHARGED WITH FAILING
TO APPE AR FOR INDUCTION IS CONTINUED
Martin' Neptune, 20, Pen obscot
returned to Indian Isl an d , she to
Indian, who was ar rested Tuesday
finish high school , he to l earn mor
by United States Marshal s on a
about Indian history and culture.
benc h warr an t issued from the UnOn Jul y 26, 1970, he received an
order to report for in duction i:1
ited States Cour t in Connecticut
Conn ecticut but havin g don e more
on a char ge of fail in g to appear
for induction in the armed ·services, research on Indian l aws an d treat
appear ed befor e United States Com- ies, Neptun e had come to feel Indian s weren 't required to submi: to
mission er Edward F. Keith Friday
induction , so h·e wrote the draft
in the U .s.� Court at B an gor. He
board in Conn ecticut an d tol d them
rufused l egal counsel an d Cornmishe was no t coming.
si oner Keith continued the case
Neptun e, who has two bro therc
until Tuesday.
with militar y service behin d t�em,
$2,500 B ail Se t
says ahy Indian is fr ee to enl :st,
B ail was set at $2,500. He was
taken to the Kennebec County Jail , but fel t he woul d rather stay and
work with his n ative peopl e on In
when he fail ed to raise bail . The
Penobscot County Jail is n ot auth- dian Isl an d. He has been act:ve
in Operation Main str eam and v·outhorized for federal prison er s .
Present in the courtroom dur in g •oriented projects.
the proceedings we re several rep(Fr om B angor Dail y News, 2/13/71,
r�sentatives of TRIBE, In c. , an
organizat hn which has established FLASH • • • FLASH• • • FLASH
FLASH •• •
an Indian sc hool on Mt. Desert
Isl and. T he y c ame to watch the
On Mon day, Mar ch 1 st, Mar t� n
l egal proc eedin gs as they are stu- Neptune appeared in Federal DiBtric
dyin g legal cases pertainin g to
Court in Har:tford, Connectict:-:, �o
Indian s.
enter a plea. No plea was entered
and his c ase was continued un�il
Neptun e was bo rn on Indian Island n ear Ol d To wn , then moved withMarch 15th.
Mean whil �, Martin has obta:nec
·his parents to Manchester , Conn.
se-veral y ear s ago . He was wo rking the services of l awyer , Mr. Mic'.1ae·
11
an eJ ectronic componen ts factBerman , thro ugh the Conn ecti .... ut
_and r egi?tered with the Selec- Chapter of the American Cit�_{l Lib1 c -C!-0.._ ·.r i ce when he turned 18.
erties Un ion .
T ried To En l ist
M art in will n nt hR1�a to nay·
d While i'} Co1.u1c�t icut he attempt- for legal fle1Tices l t: c will h�, ..�
e to enlist in all four branchto pay f�..,.r al l court costs .�:t.i oth ..
es Of the Armed Forces but
c�\.J""'tJns�et.
was
t1;J rn ed down because of a it�,�,:wl 1.:
No date has b9eu set as yet
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your
�-2' Ed. notes the following letter is
·c� ing sent out to all interested in
dividuals.)
On February 9,, 1971, Martin
1eptune, a Penobscot Indian, from
�he Penobscot Nation, Old Town,
Kaine, was arrested by Federal Mar
�hals for failure to report for
�nduction into the Armed Forces.
A� present, Martin is out on $ 2, 500
�ail and has just returned to Conn
$ct:cut to await trial.
:n our'treaties with E n gland ,
��e Commonwealth, and the.State of
Ja ine , · the Penobscot Nation has al
Yays been dealt with as a nation
��d as an equal.
In more recent
��mes, howev er , the United· States
�overnment and �he State of Maine
�av9 unilaterally imposed their
'aws and will upon the Penobscct
�ople.
Martin believes, as do
�.uiy Indians, that the U�ited St
��es has no right to (1) force
�ited States citizenship upon In
:� an s , (2) subject Indians to Un
��ed States draft laws and (J)
�rce Indians to fight in her wars
��ainst foreign powers.
If you have any information,
�ttations to cases, or anything
�:se which you think may help Mar
t��· s position, it would be great
ly ��preciated if you would send
i� t0 e:ther one of the following
a<i.d:r�ss�"C..i
�aine Indian Newsletter
P.O. Box 55'.3
Cl1 Town, Maine 04468
CLUB HOUSE BEING
BUILT BY DONA�IONS
INDIAN ISLAND - �nother of the on
going projects on Indian Island is
the construction of a coffee house
type club for the youth fo the is
land.
The idea is the product of
young Martin Neptune, who has been
soliciting building materials and
spending most of his free time bu
ilding the 20 by 20 foot structure
that will house his club,
Called Nee-Dah-Bah Club (In
dian for "My Friend" ) the club, whf
finished, will give Indian youth �
chance for meaningful discussion
and entertainment and will give thf
a place to hang o�t.
Neptune was given 500 board f
feet of pine planks by t�e Hask
ell Lumber Company in Lincoln and
is expecting 125 eight-foot 2x4's
from another firm. He has also re
ceived close to $200 worth of mer
chandise from Old Town merchants
to use as raffle prizes to raise
money for more supplies.
A g uarter of that merchandise
earned $48 in a raffle-held Thurs•
day.
(From Bangnr Daily News,12/19/70)
WHAT WE DID WHEN WE
WENT.HOME FOR A WEEK
by
Donnie Francis
The people on my reserve are
just starting to wake .UP and re
alize that they are Indians, not
M� � Martin Neptune
mostly it's the �ro
white people
16Q School Street
Man�hester, Conn. 06040 people who are starting to realiz
th1s, for one thing they started
club called Nee-Dah-Beh which mear
A fund has been established
'
Even th'
to aid Martin with expenses. Con
friendship in Penobscot.
tributions may be sent to the
ugh there are still a lot of olde.,
Maine Indian Newsletter.
people who are real good Indians
In your
letter please state that your con there are still a lot of the olde·
tribution is to help with Martin's people, mostly our parents, who h
���.nses.
lieve that the only way is the wr
'£1:..--Jr �"Q _f-or �u.· · c·0n.s id er
man•s·way and these people are t�
atinn.
ones we have got to prove to t�
Very truly yours,
we are Indians not white people.
Eugunia T . Tl-wm}.>son
The Indi?iu costume for our
( r'v..: \he .. ·'"{;) }.\Ji tor
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�-3 E D I T 0 R I A L
S E C T � I i5 .N q
· ·
THE MAINE ·INDIAN .NEWSLETTER
�Rt (Mrs. ) Eug�nia T. Thompson
Penobscot ·
Editoria l B oa rds .
Howa rd Mitche ll- P enobscot
·B la nche Lanca�ter-P�nobs�ot
Ma �tirt Neptune- Penobscot
Kathy Fe rrin
Ne ws a nd stories ma y be submitte d to
the Newsl ette r f or publica tion at
the following a ddressi Maine India n
Ne wslette r, B ox 553 , Old Town, Me.
( te1 rio. 8·27-5748 )
. 04468
·,:
A
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THE DIMINISHING DOMINION
By
· Kenneth c. Thompson
B efore the whit e man dis
cov ered Maine, The Penobscot
Tribe of India ns roa med this
land
They hunted, t rapped,
fished a nd planted-where the Y
ple�sed.
Their territory s�ret
ched f rom Penobscot Bay upriv er
a long bot h sides of the Penobscot
River a long t he East Branch.
beyong Mt. Katahdin and into
the Allga sh region to the west;
Contributions a nd gifts made to the
and alon t he Ma ttawamkea g Stream
Maine In�ia n Ne wsle tte r a re t�x de
ductible� ( IRS sec. 170, & sec. 20 55, and on int o the East B rach of .
the Penobscot Riv er to the ea st .
2106, 2522.)
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TERMINATION TODAY ?
In the Maine Time s, Ja nua ry 29,
1971, the a rticle written by WHl ia m
La ngele y , I ma ke note tha t either
the a rticle writer forgot to pla ce
the Departme nt ·o f India n Affa irs in
the proposed reorganizat ion pla n
of the sta te gove rnme nt, cre a ting
11 de pa rtme nts in pla ce of the cur
rent 226, or the governor f orgot.
If the gov ernor fo rgot, he forgets
th� ve ry basic principle on which
t he Sta te of Ma ine was f ounde d ,
found under the Trea ty o f 1820.
Maine continue· s to shirk its
original . respons.ibility , by ignor
ing its original own·e rs. Ma ine wa s
s upposedl y founde d ·on true princip
le s , but continuousl y chaeg·e s its
pr incipl�si unt il we now fe e l like
prostitute s , se l l ing ourse lv es for
a piece of bre a d, Pe rha ps it woul d
be be be st if we we re not part of
t he immoral , iconocla stic, and il �
le ga l . s tate gove rnrn�nt, but rat �cr
if we held our own .re ins over ou�
o�n a f fa ir s , our own land , a nd our
·
own pe ople , a nd le t t he Maine peopl e
s uffer ove r its high·ta xe s , pol ut ion
of t he wate rs , a ir , l ands, a nd e ve n
the food.
Sipsis
Pe nobscot Nation
India n Is l a nd
The Penobscot knew how far
t riba l la nd extended and how
far into neighboring tribe 's
land they could penetra te �ith
immunity. Within these tribal
boundaries each family ha d a
designa ted hunting area whic .h
supplied. a la rge part of t�e
neccesit ies of life for the ..
fa mily.
B ut then , the whit e ·man .
came a nd bega n t o set t le on
triba l lands, and conf lict s
arose when t he India ns tried
..
t o regain wha t �hey claimed
Those · confl�cts
wa s t heir land.
fina lly led t o "Aggrenient s"
bet ween the Euro pe a ns and the
India ns,. va guel y defining th
la nd areas of each.
In 1113 t he �iri�. �f a
.
series of f orma l t reat ies were
.
s igned wi th t he Indians o· f
the a rea including the Penqbscot
on t he one side a nd t he Engl ish
on the other. Wit h the signing
.
of each succe ssive �rea ty , Pen�.
· other t ribal la nd
obscot a nd
hol dings were diminished· until
finall y in 1818 with t he s�gning .
of .in trea t y between t he Penobscc
and the Commonwealt h of Ma ssaqhuac
and then with the signing of the
idnetica tre aty in 1820. betwe en .
(CONT� ON PAGE 18 )
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�(WHAT WE DID
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co nt . fro m page 2)
-4-
INDIANS SHAPE U.S. HISTORY
by mo st peo ple a s being co lo rfu l
a s t he West ern India ns but we a lso
have different idea s o n wo rship
a nd you might o f hea rd befo re t hat
t he Peno bsco t language is dying
out . This is t ru e
t here are o nly
a bout six peo ple o n t he Isla nd who
ca n spea k it but t hey are st art ing
t o sit up a nd t a k e no t ice o f t his
fact by ha ving Peno bscot language
classes on Wednesda y night s every
week a nd t hey are all co- o perat ing,
expecially t he yo unger peo ple.
They are all go ing t hat I k no w o f
but o lder peo ple crit icize u s o n
o ur la nguage. But I t ell you o ne
t � i�g everyo ne o n t hat Island pa r
t 7c 1pat es when it comes t o pagent
t ime a nd t hey a ll k no w ho w t o dance
and t a k e pride in t his a nd t o k no w
t hat t hey're India ns.
Things lik e t his a ll a dd u p
� o t he ma k ings o f o u r �o st umes, fo r
inst a nce ou r hea d-dresses were so me
what different fro m t he West ern-
t h� feat her st o o d right u p st ra ight
a nd wea r eagle feat hers and t heir
co stu mes were made o f bu ck sk in wit h
beadwo rk o n mo st ly inst ea d o f flo w
er designs, because we a re wo o dla nd
India ns a nd we also ha ve buck sk in
mo cassins wit h bea d wo rk o n t hem
�lso . Fo r wo rk o n my Isla nd t hey
nave t o go o ver t o t o wn t he sho e
shops o r so me o t her co rpo rat io n
nearby but t hey st a rt ed pro ject e
o n t he Island, fo r insta nce N.Y. C.
and o perat io n Ma inst rea m. N.Y.C.
is a pro ject fo r t he you nger peo
p le a nd Ma inst rea m is fo r t he o ld
er people.
(Fro m t he week ly Newslet t er , t he
st udent s at t he India n scho o l ,
T.R. I.B.E.,Inc, Ba r Ha rbo r , Me. )
NEW. YORK (nPI) -Awa reness o f
t he Am�rica n Indians• co nt ribut io n
t o t he nat io � a nd t he Indian pro
blem is reflect ed in bo o k s about
t he America n India n a nd scho o l
stu dies devo t ed t o explo ring t he
impact o f India n cu ltu re o n pres
ent -day Americans, sa ys Dr. Llo yd
Melis, pro fesso r o f specia l educ
at io n at Cat hag e Co lleg e, Keno sha ,
Wis.
Not o nly ha ve t he India ns help·
ed sha pe our hist o ry a nd co nt rib
ut ed t o our fo lklo re, but even to
da y t hey a re co nt ribut ing t o o ur
way o f life and t o our understand
ing o f t he ba lance bet ween man a nd
nat ure, a cco rding t o Dr. Melis.
(Fro m BDN, J/8/71)
(Ed. no t es
Tha nk you Dr. Meli�,
I ho pe t hat you are not t o o late
in co ming t o t his understa nding
o f t he ba la nce bet ween man and na
tu re. Rea d o n!)
"They ma de u s pro mises , mo re pro
mises t ha n I ca n remember, but
t hey never k ept but o ne.
They
pro mised t o t a k e o ut la nd a nd t hey
t oo k it . "
Severa l mo nt hs ago t he Sa nto
Do mingo t ribe, which has a sma l:
reservat io n o n t he Rio Grande R'.. ve?'.'
nea r Albuquerqu e , su rprised ne�r
by bu sinessmen by t urning d0�� a
mult imillio n-do lla r . pulp mi:: o f
fer fro m a la rge t imber company.
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SUBSCRIBE NOW to t he MAINE INDIAN
NEWSLETTER. See t he inside back
pag e fo r det a ils. Be a repo rt er
send in news, let t ers, idea s , et c.
Send you r friends names in, t o o .
The Enviro nment and You
OLD INDIAN ACHIEVEMENT
IS A MESSAGE FOR TODAY
BY
St ewa rt tla ll
and
Jef-f St a nsbu ry
The idea is slo wly a dva ncing
in enviro nment a l circles t hat In
dia n American s (t ho se who st il:
nurt ure t heir a ncient cult ure, h�ve
a vit a l message fo r mo dern ma n,
The bea rers o f t his message ar�
no t t he many assimilat ed India �s
but t he you ng a nd o ld India ns who
st ill respect "t he o ld way" a nc
who , by example, fo rce us t o a dmit
t hat eco log ica l awa reness was �
do mina nt a chievement o f t he first
America ns.
The Sant o Domingo s , li�e mo st
o f New Mexico 's pueblo t ribes, a re
· (Co nt inued o n next page)
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�(OLD !NDIAN
• • •
cont.
from page
4.)
-5-
Indian felt himself a brother to
all things.
Out of this feeling
grew a day-to-day behavior which
was both reverent and responsible.
a pastoral people.
They prefer to
live close to the earth on small
farms in the Rio Grande valley. AfThe hunter, for example, killter lengthy dis�ussion, and despite
ed for tr.e clan, not for himself.
their very 1i.1gh unemployment rate,
they voted ag3.lr.st an in·:iustry that He harv�!::ted only wha·t his own 'Deo
would bring both jobs and pollution. pJ.e ne e d e d , respecting both tom�r
row's needs and the requirements
of other friendly clans.
The Santo Domingos.are not -the
onlY u.s.· tri�9 to value the land
To be sure, the early Indians
more than economic benefits.
Uplacked the ter,hnology to commit
river, the 'l'aos Indians h3.ve just
wen a 6 5-year fight to persu?.Je Con- large-sc8.le mayhem on their surrour.
ings.
{�;:::·ess to gi"':re t}1(�m full possession
But their religious sense
of life rest:rs i.ncd them even qi.ore.
of' U1e hit;h Bll�e Lake area that is
both a sacred grou nd and the source RegardiPg resou rces as finite, and
acting in trw::;t for the long-term
of water for t11e T:J.os pueblo,
hee:i .lth of tri .. �J.r community, these
Fine Timber Stand
first P.mericans e:nbcd ied the cenBluo 1.8.ke grows a fine stand
tr8l tri.1ths of the modern environ
of marketable timber, but the Taos
will preseYve it as a th�iving wild-mental movement.
erness - mnch to the consternation
Today, we speak of safe
of their white neighbors.
guarding "the pu·o] ic interest" and
t h e �j.£�ts of u:1born generations.
And in Alaska, under different
circumstances, the Esl:imos, Aleuts
� nd i::!1'1.G took thj s otligRtion ser
and Indians are urgin1�, Cong�ess to
iously 101:.g bP.fcre the first Eur
O�Jeans ar.cived wi t h an entirely
confirm thP- ir rights to 40 ralllion
acres of land a T O J.n d th� ·tr v il.i.af_;es .different notion of the way life
was.
These na�ives have a st�nng, i�tl.
mate bond with the nat;.rr,�1 \"''Y�lrl,
and all they ask is thG �Jp�r�u. ity
(Incidentally, t he
to preserve it.
response of Congress th ls yLar will
decide the final bondaries of "In.)
dian country" in the United States
�
s refugees from a feudalism
.
is which the governing class owned
the land outright, the c·olonists
cane to our shores determined
to
get their own piece of the action.
They were in many ways ad�i
rable,
but they were also the spiri
These examples of respect for
tual
forebears of all the polluters
the land are, to be suret not typand
ical of most Indian cul t·m--es tod3.y; rf�211·� rce raiders who gouge or bligh-;
the exploiter's ethic l:.:is been all the .J.and for short-term profits
too conta�ious.
Bt.;.t the T;) cs, San- tod;:i,y •
to Domingos, Eskimos and Aleuts
A great gap of thought sepa
embody a heritage which dates back
rat<
the colonist from the Indian.
to a time when virtually all Indian
"Sel:
the c untry?" Tecumseh aske
Americans viewed themselves and
d a part�
?
of whites 150 years ago.
other creatures with what we now
"Why not
sell the air, the clouds,
recognize as an ecological perthe great
sea?"
spective.
Religious Roots
The warrior-chief'·s gue
This world view had religious
stiom
was left unanswered, a far-off
roots.
To the Indian, the land,
wisp
water, wildlife, fruits and plants of smoke at our backs.
Now, in an
age when we have "sold" our
werewere not commodities to be
air,
water, an
land for materialistic
owned but gifts from God to be usea
(Gont1nued ·an pagd .-·6.)
The
with thankfulness and care.
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which ha ve been handed down from
the beginning of the-red.man's .
ga in ....:· arid·· fouled man '-s o'verall en world to the present time, I deem
it-p�6per tci sta te that there ha ve
vironment in the p r-Ocess - Tecum
been no historica l works of·· the
seh's question ha s ·come ba ck to
white·ma n, nor a ny other written
haunt us.
history from a ny source quoted.
Today's environmenta l ists,
A ll prophecies, theories a nd
knowingly or unknowingly, a re try
ing to restore the connuma l ethic, idea s of the educa ted and intell
igent of a ll ra ces ha ve been la id
the la ck of egosim, the sense of
a si�e� no supposition nor p resum
interrela ted life which governed
t�e India n A merica n's trea tment of p tion of a ny cla ss enterta ine d,
beca use it is inte nded to show only
resources.
the simple a nd na tural state of
It ma y be easy to overroma nt the life,·habits a nd wa ys as they
existed among the pure, innocent
their
iciz e the ea rly;lndia nss
a nd simple people whose tra ditions
lives we re shorter, ha rder and in
"
a re here written
some wa ys l ess healthy tha n ours.
But were they not a lso ha pp ier,
The a bove quote wa s ta ken
less driven, more tranquil a nd fa r
from the prefa ce of the book, which
more ·enriched by being close to
is a va ila ble in limited qua ntities,
t'he· earth?
(we ha ve only 1 00 printed copies)
One need not recommend pover to those who would wish to rea d
ty to suggest tha t we ca n find much a bout the red ma n. We were 'fort
in the India n exa mple to follow to una te to ha ve the help of Ropert
da y. Ecologists a re trying to tell Haskell, president of Ba ngor Hydro
us tha t ma n a nd na ture a re indivi Electric Compa ny, whose office
sibl�, tha t there is no such thing retyped the book a nd dona ted the
copies to help with the resta rting
a s t�uly p riva te propertY. - that
of the Ma ine India n Newsletter.
ma n-made barriers a nd wa lls a nd
bounda ries confuse us a nd run a
You ca n ha ve a copy, by ma il
ga inst the gra in of the system
ing your name a nd a ddress, along
tha t supports a ll life.
with a check or money order for
three dolla rs.
The India n, by religion a nd
instinct, understood this long a go1
.
.
PLIGHT OF U . s· .INDIA N
la nd wa s the ultima te home, a com
HER SONGS OF REFORM
mon pqssession of those who used
it·. · He sensed tha t la nd wa s "a
"Why shouldn't a n India n:girl
community to which he belonged" (to
use A ldo Leopold's phra se), a nd he be a model or a designer or·a pa int
lavished-on it the -a we a nd Jove a nd er? " B uffy Sa inte-Ma rie wa nts to
know.
respect we know seek to recap ture
told in
"Wha t kid wa nts to be· .a s a la nd ethic for the future.
school tha t }1is' gra ndfa ther wa s a
(�tom B�ngor:Daf1y·News, 2/io/7 1)
·
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sa vag�?
·THE
''.)Ught now,. Indians ca n't. sur
.
LIFE "A ND TRADITIONS . .
vive. .in Am�_rica physica lly, .�ental
. .
.
�
ly, einotionaliy, or art fs.tically."
OF .
The 24-yea r.. old Cree enter
THE RED MAN
_ta _i_ner thinker ner song�· a bout the
By
.
p light 9f her fellow America n In
:,. Joseph Nfool�r
.
dians' ha ve, m_he.lped_ . w.hi te. p eople to
Old Towri, Maine
.. ,
" In ·offering this wo·rk W;hich
·und_ersta nd, but a f�er tha t, they·,
will give ih� �ubli�_the ftill _ a c-: ha ven't re�lly done a nything"· · ' · ·
· (Continued: on page 7 )" '
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·
count Of'. all t_ti_e pure . t:ra diti9ns '
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(OLD INDIAN
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from page 5)
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�(PLIGHT OF
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cont. from p�ge 6 .)
CRF".)TT UNION
Me anwhile , Miss S:,_i�-i-t-.'·--:.::ic
S0v���1 people have shown an
is doing all she c:-.:1 t."1 ri.·_;v:�/,�
i� s=-.'. .-.::··; �._·1 e:::·�·:'."'Jlishing a cre dit
some action.
v·-..io�1 <·�1 Indi::in Island .
Assistance
·
In addtion to '\... ,�- � I�.t. 11·::-:�
r1� ,_. ·t':c.·1 of fr�!'ed by the Maine State
J> r-1:. -�·,1� :;or,@ision and the Maine
formance s on var�ou·" L;(�:· : ::.:..; _
se rvations, she has set ll'i) 2 . ·c:i--
C '-.: ·· :.:..�.-t Th ion League .
Old T own at
olarship fund to he lp �3m�21� �l
t,..�r-7, h:enne th Thompson has offe rhe r race throug h law ac�0ol £nri �s
�:.:-1. �-·
' · · '"' a. -T... e h.is time to assist
now promoting an organi:.: atior1 for
w .1.,i1
: J'• ·J }. '1.per·:1ork
the b e ne fit of Ind ian w��e n .
:. ;;.·0�rs would be e ncouraged to
T he Native North Ameri.-:...,n :·11:
�·u.. i�
; �-·;_ �.; .. }_e as a dollar a we e k
me n's Association was :>�und �i �.. :1
c nr! t i·
·; r.0-�ld borrow from the cre d:
.
August. Miss Sainte-Ma:- le :;:cc��,_i::. t-· 'l,�:�i.-·:1 J:,?.�'ing ro more than 1% pe r
e d the 200 me mbe rs during her 'l��i.:-s rr..on-1�;1 o n the unpaid balance . Earn
to re se rvations and Indian coI!Jr,;m
inf?:'s wou�.d be used to pay e xpe nse s,
itie s in citie s
with �hs remainde r be ing distrib ut
T he come ly singe r-composer seid ec't as di "'ridend s .
she liste ns to Indian women' s c0n
Common reasons for borrowing
ce rns and the n comments publicly 2. include old bills, me dical e xpe nse s
bout the m.
autos, vacations, home e q uipme nt,
"I'm j ust be ing a mouth-piece
funerals, education, we ddings, and
for t he ,'' she said.
"I'm a visible f��ily eme rge ncie s.
Ind ian. Pe ople know me and my work,
Throug h our own cre dit union ,
which le t s me draw attention to
rart of the mone y e arne d on the
what's g oing on."
�eservation will stay he re t o he lp
Miss Sainte -Marie holds the
us out, rather than all of it going
fe de ral g ove rnme nt responsible Jor
off to benefit some one e lse .
many of t he Indian�' proble ms and
The membe rs alone will won
the credit union. Each me mbe r h av
says so in song .
In "Now T hat t he Buffalo Is
j_ng at least f ive dollars inve ste d
Gone ," Miss Sainte -Marie asks, "HQs w�il be able to vote .
No council, corporation, or
a change come ab out , Uncle Sam? Or
&ry othe r spe cial inte re st g roup
are you still taking our land?
w:.:.1 be able t o control the cre dit
It's he re and it's now, you must
he lp us de ar man, now that the buf ur1:.on 'Jr dete rmine its polic ie s.
��. i_s will be le ft strict ly up to
alo's gone . "
Miss Sainte - Marie wants to re the sharehold ers.
Soon, furthe r informat ion re
form the e ducat ion g ive n to Indians
��r.ding the cre dit union will be
on re se rvations.
c..i:.:tributed on the Re se rvation.
"T he re 's ve ry little accuracy
�aanwhile if anyone has any q ue stin t he te xts that are use d about
Ind ians, and about the w�y A me rican � ons or sugge stions re garding t he
se tt le rs de alt with the m," she sa�cl . fo.c�a-�ion of a cre dit union, se e
Frede rick Nic ola or Mat t he w Mit che l�
She also wants to he ln makG
a plac e for Indian wome n ii1 A:ne"":icPENOBSCOT INDIAN CORPQRAT ION, INC.
an soc ie t y.
"We 're t ry ing to ope n up t�e
glamor jobs," she said.
"Why s�ould
On April 6 , 1970 a group of25
Pe nobscot Indians forme d t he Pe nan Indian girl have to b leach her
obscot Indian Corporation, Inc.,a
hair to be ac c e pt e d for work?"
mon-profit corporation, c hart e re d
(From G�it , 11/22/70.)
(Ed. note 1 We saw B uffy on the David unde r Maine law with t he inte nt ion
of promoting small b usine sse s,
Prost show a fe w months b ac k, and
re c all in he r t alk t hat it is up to b ringing in various programs t o
assist in making life e asie r on
the individual t o ge t things done .
re se rvation, e tc.
Buffy is doing just t hat l What are
(Cont inue d on page 8. )
you doing?)
_ _,
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�(PENOBSCOT
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cont. from page 7)
-8-
Be cause une mp loyme nt ha s be e n
so high in the Old Town a re a a nd
be cause wha t mone y is e a rne d by In
dia ns a ll goe s ba ck ove rtown for
food, clothing e tc , the corpora tion
sponsore d a n Ope ra tion Mainstre am
project. A to ta l o f a bout 50
diffe re dt pe op le ha ve worke d on the
proje ct during the pa st 9 months
and the pa yroll for the re se rvation�
ha s a ve rage d be twe e n $1000 a nd
$1440 e a ch we e k.
Ne xt the Corpora tion is a ssist
ing in e xta blishing a sma ll "ma
a nd pa " type store on the re se rva
tion
. Also, se ve ra l founda tions ha d
shown a n inte re st in the p rospe cts
of the corpora tion, but sta te d tha t
be fore the y could contribute a ny
fund� for a ny proje cts, the corp
ora tion would have to obta in a ta x
e xe mpt sta tus , thus the P.I.C. Trust
wa s e sta blishe d. Pre se ntly the
ta x exe mp t forms ha ve be e n reughe d
out and a re a bout to be ma ile d to
IRS f�r appro va l.
Although the Boa rd of Direct
ors of Pre, Inc. is ma de up of 25
Pe nobscot India ns, the me e tings
ha ve a lwa ys be e n ope n to o the rs
for the ir ide a s a nd suggestions.
T�E
NORTH AMERICAN
TRADITIONA L
UNITY CONVENTION
*May 29, JO, 3 1st
Tobiq ue Ma lise e t Re se rve
Ne w Brunswick, Ca na da
*July J, 4th
Ona ndaga
*July 6, 7th
Tona wa nda
July 9, 10th
Ta ma , Iowa , Sa c
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Fox
July 12, 13 , 14, 15th
Sioux te rritory
Contine nta l site
*Se pte mbe r 4, 5, 6th
Maniwa ki, Que . ,
Algonqt:in
.....
�0�1q .. 1.1
*The se a re de finite pla ce s a nd
The se is a n a nswe r still
date s.
a waite d from Se ne ca Longhouse at
Mia mi, Okla homa for a p ossible
two da ys ther� be fore sta rting
home , from Sioux country.
We 're conta cting se ttle me nts
of "na tive " pe ople s a long the wa y
for re sting a nd ca mping a cc omoda
tions. Thus would be the da te s be
LANGUA GE LESSONS
twe e n me e ting p la ce s.
La ng ua ge classe s ha ve heen he ld
Mrs. A udre y She na ndoa h , Se c'y
for more tha n two months by Se na be h,
Iroq uois Confe de ra cy
Pe nobsco t te a che r.
Onandaga , Ne drow, Ne w �ork
The Penobncot
language is be ing ta ught e ve ry Wed
Te . no. (3 15) 469-7510
ne sda y a nd Sunda y e ve ning from 6sJO
Our stre ngth a nd kope is in
to 8sOO. The la ng uage le ssons a re
It is cle a rly told to us
Unity.
.
we must
wr; tte n on the boa rd of the gra de
by the Gre a t Pe a ce mak�r
if a tre e
scno ol cla ssroom on the India n Is
hold on to one a nother,
the stre ngth
land Re�e rva tion, a nd the young
should fa ll on one
.
of our brothe rs will ke e p us from
stude nts ha ve a n opp ortunity to
le a rn during the day.
fa lling unde r it's weig ht.
. The vocabula ry words a re be ing
Ky-you-ha -ha- de � 56 ye a r ol�
Onondaga n, wa s cho se n chie f o� t)e
tape d for the bene fit. of re vie w.
Iroquois confe de ra cy thre e ye a r�
The first le sson words will be re ago. His na me means unfinishe :
p rint e d in the Ne wsle tte r.
.
busine ss. "Roots ha ve sp re a d out.
(Ed.no�e :
Se e page 9.for the
e•
first we e k's le sson.-··�Senabeht�s �·� from t he Tre e of the ·: Gre a t Pe a c
�
north , one to the e ast,
one to the
aiso a n a rtist :·and wood carve r.
e
The schoo l childre n will be a ble to one to the south, a nd one to t�
a t White
we st. T he se a re the Gre
le arn from him soon.
Roots, a nd the ir na ture is ?e a c e
a nd Stee ngth.11
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�Pe ncbscot Language Lessons
I-Nee ah
You-Gee a h
The y-Ne gg-ma h
Me -Ne a h
�othe r-Ne e -ga h-woos
?athe r-Me eta -goos
jhild-A h woos-sis
v·oma n-Che e -pa n-um
Ka n-Che e -Se nabe h
�ittle Girl-nuck-sqa- sis
�o y-ske e-no o-sis
:vla ide n-nuc ksqa
Ze llo-Qua i
�ow a re you? -dun-qak
:•m a llright-Me g- gauk-ne a h.
How a rc you?-Dun-ga uk-ge e a h
I will see you a gain. -Me e -na ch
Nae -e -ul
PINE TREE LEGAL ASSISTA N CE
The first me eting to be he ld
at the Pa rish Hall on India n
$sla nd on Ma rch 19,1971.
A ppoint
me nts will be made throught the
Ma instre a m Office .
Me e tings will be he ld month
ly the re a fte r on the first Thurs
The re will
da y starting in Ma y.
be no me e ting in Ap ril.
The Ma in Stre am p hone numbe r
is 827-5011. Pe te r A. Ande rson
is the a ttorne y for Pine Tre e
Le ga l A ssista nce p rogra m.
Q.
Wha t Is Pine Tree Le ga l A ssis
ta nce ?
� Pine Tre e Le ga l A ssistance
_
:s an orga niza tion which p rovide s
fre e le ga l se rvice for pe ople
who ca n't a fford a lawye r. It
:s supporte d by the Unite d State s
Office of Economic oppurtunity
as pa rt of the Wa r on Pove rty.
Tree's service s if you �nrn no
more tha n $48. 00 p lus $8.00 for
e a ch pe rson you support.
Note :
If you earn more tha n the
a mounts me ntione d a bove, Pine
Tre e will 9onside r a ny large
de bts or bills. (such a s hospita l
or doctor's bills) tha t you ma y
ha ve .
The se large bills ma y e
e nable you to gulaify for se rvice.
Q, How do I know whe n I ne e d
a Lawye r?
A,
If you are arre ste d or
fine d for viola ting some la w
you ma y ne e d a la wye r.
If you are se rve d with
pape rs by a she rrif or some other
pe rson you proba bly will ne e d
a lawye r.
If you fa il to ma ke a pa ,�
me nt on a n article tha t you h� ve
purcha se d a nd the finance company
thre ate ns tota ke it awa y frcm
you, you p robably ne e d a lwve r.
If you a re de nie d we lf a re
or une mployme nt pa yme nts you ma y
ne e d a lawye r.
If you wnt a divorce 0r
se pe ra tion you will ne e d a :wye r.
In short Pine Tre e Le ga ·
A ssista nce offe rs almost �v� ry
le gal se rvice tha t a la wye r
pe rforms. Howe ve r the re a re snmc
ca se s tha t Pine Tre e ca nnot ta�e .
•
FEELING FEIVIA LE FREES FURRY
FRIEND FROM FLUFF
one da y Ma ry Ma ddocks founS
.
a sticky but ffi3a tiate d mouse :.n
he r cupboa rd stuck inside th�
Is the re a ny cha rge for Pine
�.
marshma llow fluff ja r. Fe e 1:ng
�re e •s Se rvice s?
sovry � or the mouse she fre e�
A. The re is no cha rge for Pine
the a nimal a nd wa she d it of:
"'re e se rvice s
a nd le t it go outside of he �
house .
�.
Who can Re cie ve he lp from
Howe ve r, the ne xt da �� Ma ry
Pine Tre e Le gal A ssistance ?
found the Mouse had expire d
e a rn no more than $48.00 BEFORE it had tra ve
A
. If you
lle d too fa r
pe r we e k a nd supp ort only yourse lf p ossibly dying from too much fluff
you qualify for Pine Tre e Se rvice s. or too much human kindne ss.
If you a re supporting othe rs a s
(Ed. Note :Try twisting your ton-we ll, you would q ua lify for Pine
gue around the he a dline thre e t ime s#
�-10. Operation Main Stream (Indian Island)
By James Sappier, Director
Operation Main Str earn is the Ist project established
under the Penobscot Indain Corporation for the betterment
of this community.
Presently, the contract with the Department
of Labor, runs from, July 1,1970 to June 30,1971.
Opeation
Main Stream employs, a Director, secretary and has 26 employees.
Many Projects have been established by O�tion Main Stream
and are prese�tly working:
Penobscot Indain Blood Bank-(2) Emergencies
Free Ashe Program for the Aged (Basketry)- presently stalled
Adult Education Program-Starts This week
Transportation for Elderly(Doctors and Hospital appointments
(56 Trips plus (5) emergencies
24 hour Emergency Heating Service-(22) homes some homes
more than once.
Home Servrece- cleaning, bathing, laundary-(18) hnmes
(4) Emergencies
genral repair(21), Snow Removal-(23) homes and 18 roofs
Installed/repaired stoves (35) homes, thawing frozen
pipes(l6) homes.
Winterize d homes fini9hed (35)
Helped with Childrens Christma s Parties (3)
Installed Childrens Program (Education) instructing
in arts and crafts and Indian Language(school)
Indian Isand School Library-Buitl shelves,
help rebuild·burned home-ceiling,walls, floors, and
windows reinforced(2) foundations, deliver fliers
(information) and draining of fl�oded areas.
Lending tools as Electric saws and drills, Reddy
Heater, axes, etc
Beingthe worst winter in years heating and snow removal
became predominant. Many areas needing improvements cannot be
pursued /m�erial funding appears to be the determining factor
of this operation.
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Cooperation and coordination between various organizatii�ns
having any influence on Indain Affairs should be r�alized; a ?
a neccesity towards the over-all improvement of this Reservation.
�- 11 -
(Niagra Falls Gazette, Wed.,
Oct. 28, 1970)
.,.
attempt to involv� us in the
creation of what you call "a great
country", because we certainly
'A Little Tired'
have different opinions on what
makes a country great.
I am more than a little tired
What you really should have
of hearing about injustice to the said is, "Our people from all
Indians. Since when does just
countries, have assisted in the
fathering a child make you a
destruction and pollution of this
father or giving birth make you a once-beautiful, heaven-like
mother?
paradise which was once populated
Our people from all countries
by Indians who were living here
and the Indians have made this
in peace and harmony with the
�ountry great.
This was a land,
Great Spirit and nature."
but it only became a country
You have not made this country
after much work and love by many
great. You have destroyed it and
people. Many men have died to
now you must pay the price with
E.eep it this way,
Our men and
your death, if necessary, through
boys will continue to die if
the poison air that you breathe
�ecessary to insure our freedom
and the polluted waters that you
and the freedom of people
drink.
�hroughout this world. We may not
You state that, "This was a
�e perfect, but if you can find a land, but it only became a
�etter place other than Heaven,
country after much work and love
:.et us know.
by many :r;eople." Who do you th:nk
So, if you want to be a nation you're kidding? Just who have you
:y yourselves, you don't have to
people ever loved but yourselves,
:ive in town, use our electricity, if you actually know what the word
��lephones, or work in our stores, means? You certainly have not
p:ants, etc. You don't have to
loved the Indians, or your people
s:eep better at night because
would not have plundered, raped,
and murdered us. You certainl�·
our military service is keeping
:ou free, You're lucky you have
have not loved the black man o�
you certainly would not have t�ied
f�ee land. We had to work hard
to get ours and have to pay taxes to enslave him. No, Mrs. Simmens,
you don't even love yourself o;
to �eep it, even if our grand
father owned it.
you would not have caused the ·
pollution of our air, land anc
-t•s about time you ask what
water which will eventually kill
you can do and be proud you're
you and your children, if no� all
part of this wonderful country.
mankind in your moronic reck:ess
Mrs. Betty Simmons
ness.
3 3 9 75th St.
Your grandfathers whom you say
From Akwesasne Notes, Jan. /Feb.,
1971)
"owned" this land, were nothin€
more than hypocrites who robbec,
cheated, raped and tortured tha
(Niagra Falls Gazette, Tues.
Indian people to steal this la�d
!iov. 3 , 1970)
away from us, and you people �re
still continuing your illega�
An Angry Reply for 'Tired'
wicked plunders against us a�d all
in the name of brotherly-love,
In response to Mrs. Betty
Simmons' letter "A Little Tired," humanity and so-called Christianity
You say, "This was a land, but
which appeared in the Oct. 29
it only became a country • • • , • • , • • "
issue of the Gazette, under
but little do you realize that we
Letter to the Editors
Indians had and still have a
�o begin with, Mrs, Simmons,
(continued on Page 12)
we Ir.dians detest your aborted
�-12�
(A n A ngry •
• •
cont. from Page 11)
Iroquois.
A lin� of dema rca tion
wa s esta blished on Oct. 22, 1784
constitu tion a nd government tha t
which deccla red a ll la nd west of
wa s a nd is fa r superior to the
A l ba ny to the territory of the
present da y U. S. government.
Six Na tions.
It wa s signed by
·lour a rchives in Wa shington a nd
Pre� ident Wa shingt on.
Alba ny will tell you , if you 'll
. The power of our treaties a re
only ta ke the time ou t to tu rn
a lso fou nd in the U.
S. Consti
�heir pages9 instea d of patting
tuti0n in A rt. 6 ·
Sect. 2. Rea d
you rself on you r ra cist ba ck ,
it,
It is you who is working in
�hat it wa s my Indian people ,
my city a nd my pla nt a nd my fa c
the Iroqucis C�nfederacy, who
tories. A nd if the U. S. Govern
��u ght you dem�cra cy in the first men4 a nd its brainwa shed, mis
pl2.ce.
gu ided citizens like you rselves
�s a ma tter of fa ct, we ga ve
do not review you r inju stices to
you� pla nners o f the Constitu tion the India ns, whether you a re
of �he U. S. the workings of ou r
"more tha n a little tired" or
government to a ssist you in the
not , someday you may be o n tria l
crea tion of yours· . You peopl e
before a n Internationa l Tribuna l
had nothing ih Europe tha t cou ld
to a nswer fnr you r crimes a gainst
ever be copied to form the U. S.
my people.
Government. You r Ma gna Ca rta
A nd la stly. Mrs. Simmons don't
wa s not a gu ide for you either,
ever make the mista ke of comparing
or you cou ld not ha ve rebelled
this present country as next to
a gainst you r own "mother cou ntry". hea ven. for I'm sure tha t you will
So you see,Mrs. Simmons, lik e
.
n�� find pollu ted a ir , land a nd
it or not, there wa s a nd still
water up there, a nf I'm su te tha t
is a government i)n this land
ra cia l discrimina tion, mu rder a nd
when your starving, thieving
·inj u stices dJ not preva il up
there , or were you aga in mi s
Pilgri� gra ndfa the rs a rrived to
begin their )00 yea rs of ma ssa cre tak enly referring to a different
a nd pilla ge of my people. You
destination?
sa y tha t if we wa nt t� be a
Ma d B ea r
Tu sca rora India n Reserva t ion
na t'ion by ou rselves tha t we don't
1883 Mou nt Hope Roa d
have to live in tJwn, u se you r
Lewiston
electricity, telephones , or work
(From A kwesa sne Notes, Jan. /Feb.
:n you r stores , plants, etc. You
1971. )
�a ke a lot for granted don't you ?
:ou do not own a nything u ntil
ynu pay for it!
Your electricity How India ns Hu nt Deer
B y B ill Geagan
�s generated through u se of ou r
��dia n wa ter. All you r ma chines
We ha d been crou ched at the
a nt fa ctories a nd everything were
forest edge , the Indian a nd I ,
produced from the na tu ra l re
only since sunset. Then, a ga inst
sou rc ·e-s of Indian land. You
the sk y's la st light , we sa w the
ha ve· not paid for it. Xou would
silhouette of a big buck . My
�a ve nothing if it were not for
new JO-JO ca rbine roa red once in
tte Indian.
You ha ve stolen
the dusk �t 10 paces a nd tbe de er
everything that you have from u s.
died.
Wty even the la nd you live on in
The large bu ck ha d come eut to
Niagara Falls does not ha ve a
a sma ll clover pa tch that l�Y .
cle�r title to it.
l ush a nd fiercely. green in a set
:our own u.s. Government ha s
If
ting of wild yellow ha y. He ha d
declared it to be my la nd.
come slowly , · from the south, just
you don't believe it, · rea d the ·
a s Sylvester· ·Francis , my friend
first treaty that was made be
of the Penobscot T ribe, ha d sa id
tween the Unit�d States Govern�
(continued on ·Pa ge 13)
ment a nd the Six Nations of the
�- 1 3-
( Ho w India ns
•
•
c ont . from P age 12 )
he w� ul d
Sylve st e r knew when and
whe re t o wa it 0 and how , in t he
Nove mbe r t wil ig ht , t 0 find l ight
eno ug h t o sho ot well- sight i ng
lo ng · a nd fipe aga inst t he fa int
af� ergl� w , hol ding it and draw
ing dq wn slowly t o t he shoulder
of t he silho uet t ed a nimP l .
Then 1 7 , I ha d fol l o we d his
inst ruct ions a nd t a ke n my fo urt h
dee r.
The ot he r t hree , t w� bag
ge d wit h my fat her's a ssist a nce ,
t he t h ird a l one , we re hunt e d down
wit h co nsi� e rabl e effo rt . No w I
st oo d in t he purpl e light o f eve
ning , happy a nd proud , lo oking at
my t rophy which ha d bee n a cq uire d
S Q e a sil y- t ha nks t o my frie nd.
I so o n learned in my asso
ciat i o n wit h t he Indians t hat un
l ike t he ave rage whit e hunt er,
the y neve r. � eek de er in j ust a ny
woo de d e nv 1 ronme nt , a nd t he y sel
do m st a l k t he q ua rr y .
The l onely
vigil in only ce rta in plac e s a nd
at o nl y cert a in t imes , is t he
fav o re d p ro ce dure. A nd it seldom
fa il s t o produc e .
T his is t ru e of all India n
hunt e rs o f Wa ine , N ew B run swic k,
a nd Que bec� rega rdle ss of t he ir
t ribe . Alt hough divide d int o
many diffe re nt t ribes , t he Ma ine
Indians a re a l l me mbe rs � f t he
Abna ki Nat i o n . Al l a re muc h a l ike
in ap pe ara nc e , be havio r , habit s,
and de e r- hun t ing pro c e dure s, wit h
a fe w va riat i o ns,
T he y a re mo st l y loners whe n
hu nt ing , fi shing , o r t ra pping , a nd
c e rt a in l y n eve r wel co me t he c o m
pa nion ship o f t he whit e ma n. I
was fo rt unat e .
I got t o know ma ny
Indian s.
I l ike d t hem , a nd t he y
l ik e d me ,
Of c o urse , · r ha d my
fe w fav o ri t e s. One of t he m, lo ng
a very c lo se friend , is He nry Red
Eagle , an Algonq uin, l o ng a po p
ular lVioo se he a d Lak e gu ide , a nd a
forme r showma n and mot io n pic t ure
pe rfo rme r.
Alt hough I . nev e r hunt e d with
R e d Eagle , while fishing fro m his
canoe we plan ne d j au nt s for dee r
toge t he r t hat fo r on� re a s o n o r
anothe r have never mat e r ia l i z e d.
• .
·
He ha s, ho wever , � xpla i ned t o me
t he ways o f t he woo ds, t he whit e
tail , a nd t he : ndia n. He sa ys
t hat the India n hunt er wa it s fo r
t he deer t o come to him in st e ad
of go ing to t he de er because he
is fol lowing t he plan of his e a rly
a nce st ors whose wea po n wa s only
t he comparat ive ly wea k and short
ra nge bo w wit h. flint -t ipped
arrows,
"If we'd ha d t he po werful bo ws
a nd arro ws o f today, �e wo ul d st ill
own t his count ry, " R,ed Eagl e oft en
sa id t hrough a t oot hy grin. A
not her o f h is favo rit e remarks , .
.
an d o ne t hat ha s. help ed . me g re '.3.t
l y in hunt ing t he de e r suc ce ss
ful l y is :
"Th� dee r hunt er who
wa l ks more t han o ne mil e a day is
wa l king t o o much. The Indian
.
wal ks a lit t l e and sit s a lot , but
t he average whit e man usua l l y go es
on a hike. "
Chief Needa hbeh , a P e n o bs c t , .
a l so fa me d a s a guide a nd sho w
ma n , wa s ano t her o f my favo rit es,
His t ricks in pu rsuit of t he
whi t et a il were many a nd a ma zingly
suc ce ssful . A l wa ys he p reyed on
t he fierce �at u�a l c urio sit� o �
t he species. T he most inc redib l e
o f his t ric ks c a used a handsome
buck lit e ra l l y t o st ic k o ut his
neck for me.
.
W e had c rossed a sma ll ponJ in
his c eda r-and-canva s c a noe an e
mil d Nove mber a ft ernoo n a nd en
t e re d a wide a nd slo w�flo wing o ut
l et s t re a m t hat t wist e d bet ween
t wo spra wl ing wil d mea do ws. Nee
da hbeh pulle d in cl ose under t he
ban k where tall c oa rse g ra ss hung
over l ike a wat erfall . · Grinning �
he bega n t o dra w t he flat wet
paddl e bla de ve ry slowl y ac ross
t he nea res·t t hwa rt - aga in a nd aga. in.
It creat e d a we ird sq uea king ,
sq ue a l ing sou� . He c ont in ued t he
pro cedure eve ry few minut e s , st il l
grinning a nd l oo king up, " B e
ready B ill , j ust in c a se, " h�
a dv ise d.
.
I ha d l it t l e fait h in his t ric k
a nd c a me v ery nea r go ing int o a
buc kfever fre e ze - up whe n , lo and
b eho ld , t he hea ds and out stre t c he d
( c o nt in ue d o n Page 1 4)
�-1 4n THE WR I T IN G O N T H E WA LL "
AT TH.G
t ha t t h e ;fh i te l•1a n d o e s n o t unde r
s ta n d t h e m .
And e ve ry mo v e th a t
t he G o v e rnme nt ma ke s goe s t o prove
it .
T H'£ OF T H E LON GE ST
S H A DOWS
•
•
•
.
.
•
On the G r a n d R i ve r La nd s
0 f t he S i x na t i o n s I r o q uo i s C o n
fe d e r a c y , ne a r B r a n t f o r d , O n t a r i o
C a na da , l iv e mo re t ha n 1 , 500
�o l l owe r s o f t h e Lo ng H o u se Ee l
� g i n n , o f t h e c o d e o f Ha nd some
�a ke - Ga -ne -n - d i -yo , a nd of the
p r0 p he t De g a na w i d a h .
The s e pe o p l e
d re t h e H o de no s h o n ne e s . T h e y
s re t he supp 0 r te r s o f t h e he re d � t a ry c h ie f t a n s o f t h e S i x N a t i o n
:i- r'J quo i s C o nfe de.ra c y , t he tre a t y
rr,a k ing ch i e ft a n s , whd .s t i l l me e t
r e q til a rly i n cb u n c i l l t o d a y ·
� nd wh o rul � d t h e pe o pl e u n t il
t �� b l a c k da y in 1 92 4 whe n the
�e oq ra l Gov e r nme nt o f C a na da
3 t r ip p e d t h e m o f t h a t p o we r a nd
b a r r e d the m f r o m t he ir own c o un c i l
r
h o u ss .
The s e p e o pl e s t i l l fa i thful l y
�e r f� rm t he r i tua l s a nd c e r e mo n i e s
: f th e i r f � r e fa t he r s , f o r t he
� e ne f i t o f a ll ma nk i n d .
The y
�q r e t o l d tha t t he i r t re a t i e s
�� u l d l a s t a s l n ng a s t he g ra s s
grows , a nd the w a te r f l ows ,
a :.1 the sun s h i ne s " .
T h i s why
t �q y go t h rough w i th t h e i r
� e r e mo ni e s to p r a y fo r t he gra s s
& n d t h e wa t e r a nd t h e c r o p s ,
� nd the we a th e r - f o r t he g o n d
o -:_
"
all
pe o p l e ,
not
j u s t t he m s e �. v e s
T�e y f e e l t h a t by d o i ng so t h e y
wi l l be a bl e t o pro l o ng t h e i r
�re a t ie s � nd t he i r own p re c i o u s
wc.. y o f l if e .
nowe ve r , t h e s e pe o p l e a re
wo r r ie d . De spe r a t l e y wo r r i e d .
The y ha v e be e n thre a te ne d
with
t he e xt i n c t i o n o f the i r wa y o f
l if e , ye t s t i l l the y r e me mb e r
" a s l o n g a s t h e g ra s s grows ,
a n d the wa t e r f l ow s " .
Man y o f
t h e m fe e l t h a t w e a-re ne a r t h e
e nd . f o r t he ir p ro phe c i e s ha ve
to l d t he m t h a t t he e nd of t h e m
i s · the en d o f us a l l .
The y fe e l
t h a t we a re i n " t he t ime o f t he
The i r t re a t i e s a r e be i ng
b r o ke n .
The i r r i gh t s ha ve be e n
i g n o re d a nd c o nve n i e n t l y fo r go t te n
Tho u s a n d s
f o r ma ny l o n g ye a r s .
o f C a na d ia n s a re n ' t e ve n a wa r e
t ha t the se pe o p l e e x i s t a ny mo re .
P r o po se d Gnve r nrne nt Le g i s a t i � n
wo u l d s t r i p from t h e m the i r r i ght
n f b ir t h t o p r o u dly p r n c l a im t h e m
s e l v e s the " Ong - ·J e h -Hwa �We h " the
Or ign a l Pe o p le .
The y ha ve be e n
t o l d t h a t t h e y a re t o be ma de
C a na d i a n G i t i z e n s , " j us t l ike
e ve ryo ne e l s e " but t h e y j u s t don ' t
" Y o u a re C�na
ha p pe n t o wa n t to .
d i a n s " s a y the H o n o ra b l e Me s s ie tt
r s Tr d e a u a nd C hre t ie n .
"We
a re no t c a na d ia n s w e a re t h e Ong
_
We h -Hwa -We h n say the o r ig i na ..1..
Our p e o p le we re h e r e
people .
�t
l o n g b e f o r e C a na da wa s e ve n tho u&·
�
�
of. "
S e e h o w t he p ro p o s e d c ompu:
s o ry c hq nge s in the uni que s t a � us
.
o f the O ng -We h -Hwa - � h d i re c t�y
0N
a b r o ga te t he U N IV � HS L DE C LARATI
O F H UMAN RI GHT S , wh i c h wa s a d�� r, � d .
t i o 1.
a nd p ro c l a ime d a t t he U ni te d ; a
.
&
i n De c e mb e r 1 94 8 , C a na da i s
t h e U n i t e d N a t io n s � n �
me mbe r of
i s swo r n to uph o l d a l l it s �r i�c p l e s T he U n i ve r s a l D � c l a r� t i � n
�
>
o f H uma n Righ t s pro v i de s i n Art
c le
1 5 t ha t :
( 1 ) Eve ryo ne ha s t h e r ig ht
5
to
�
.
n a t i o na l i t y .
( 2 ) No o n e sha l l be _ a r b i � ra r 1 �
d e p r i ve d of _ h i s _ � a t i o na l 1 t y �- �
d e p r iv e d t h i s r i g h t t o c h a n c e
:
h i s Na t i ona l i t y .
t�
It i s o n e t h i ng f o r C a na da
de o ve r a . h��
i gn o r e t re a t ie s ma
n�
d re d ye a r s a go , but to my m i
eak
i t i s qu i t e a no t he r th i ng to �
y
p l e dge ma de a s re c e n �
a s o l e mn
�
f
a s 1 94 8 t o ge t he r w i t h a l l th�
N a t io n s o f the f r e e wo rl d .
• ·
Who a re we , I a sk , t o te�:
s e pe o p l e who t h e y are an� 1 5 )
t he
( Cont . �n
wha t t h e y mu s t do i
lllli
i
..___.._........iiiillll.....____
�-16-
( The Wr i t ing
•
•
•
Cont . from 1 5 )
of a ny l e gi s l a t i o n t ha t wo uld
ma ke the m a s on w i t h t he Whi t e
man .
The y wa nt t o be a s f a r
a p a r t a s po s s ib l e whe n t h a t
t i e m c ome s !
The se pe o ple k now wh a t
the y a r e t a lk ing a bout .
They
h a ve ne v e r a l l owe d the d a y - t
· to -day s t ruggl e f o r survi va l
in a ma t e ria l i s t i c so c ie ty
to e c l ip se t h e i r a n c i e n t
truths · a nd w i s doms .
T h e Iro quo i s
shoul drpk now fo r a f t e r a l l ,
the y r a re the t r i be s o f the
Ea s te rn Woo d l a nd s a nd , a s such ,
we re growi ng crop s o n thi s
cont i ne n t many tho u s a nd s of
ye a r s b e f ore the Wh i te ma n
d i s c � v e r e d i t i n 1 492 .
And
le t s f a c e i t , we ' ve t urne d
the i r la nd i n t o o ne giga nt i c
ga r ba ge dump .
Do you doubt t h e m ? Will
you he e d the ir warn ing s ?
If
you c a re you mus suppo r t them
i n the i r de c i s io n s to s ta nd
a l o ne , i f t h i s i s wha t the y
wa nt .
Prote s t now t he l e g i s
l a t i on t ha t woul d r o b t h e m
o f the ir b irthfigh t .
Help
t he m i n the i r s truggle a ga i n st
p l a n s t o ma ke them ' i n s tant
citizens ?
Re c o g n i z e t h e Sove r i gn ty
the s ix Na t i o n s I r o quo i s
C o nfe d e ra cy wh i c h ha s e x i s t e �
from a l l a ge s .
A na t io n wh i c h
ha s ne ve r surre nde re d i t s s o v
re ignty , a nd wh i c h ha s ne ve r
be e n d e fe a te d
( ont the c o n
tra ry t h e Iro quo i s we re A l l ie s
of th e Crown ) .
A Na tm n wh i ch
ha s ne ve r g ive n up i t s r i gh t
t o se l f gove rn .
of
•
•
•
If you doub t a ny o f the se
truth s p le a s e fe e l fre e to
che c k out the fa c t s wi th a ny
S c i e nt i s t , E c o l og i s t , o r H i s
t o r ia n .
The y wil l ve r i fy e ve ry
wo rd .
If you wo uld l e a rn mo re
a bout t he Sove re i snty o f the
S ix Na t i o n s C o nfe d era cy , o r a b out
the Pro p he c i e s wh i c h the se pe o p le
h a ve �o r a ll ma nk ind you a re
inv i t e d t o v i s i t the Iro quo i s
v i ll a ge o n the Gra n d Rive r L a nd s
o n summe r Sund ay a f t e rno o n s
to me e t the fa i thful ke epe r s
o f the Longhouse Chie f J o se ph
Loga n , h i s W i fe V e r na , the ir
family a nd frie n d s
( John Morl e y )
( ttHa -Le h�We h -S a i l
- La i " )
( T ronto Cana da )
( Fe brua ry , 1 970 � )
Fl OYD WE STERMAN
RECORDS I N D I AN
P ROTE ST ALBUM
BY GWEN OWLE
S ioux pro te s t s i nge r Floyd
He s t e rma n ha s a new a l bum out
e nt i tle d " Cu s te r Die d for You S i n s "
The sa rdo� i c l yr i c s we re wr i t t e n
by J immy Curt i s and a r e ba se d
upon _ the Boo k . by ..V ine D� lo�ia _Jr .
De l o r ia a l s o a uthore d 'the c o ve r
no te s ,
H e compare s We s t e rma n .
o t the " e ya p a ha , the c rye r o f o l d
who summo ne d t h e camp t o · a c t· i o n .
Floyd will pro vide t he s p � r k .
the ba dly ne e de d war s o ng s . that
thousa nd s h a ve wa ite d to he a r . "
The Album shoud h a ve a w i de
aud ie n c e ; a l o ng wit h a mo de rn i z e d
ve r s i o n of the S i o ux 4 9 s o ng s
a bout p o l lu ti o n a pd · ra ce re l a t i o n s
lance
Ot he r s o ng s sha f t a v i br a nt
i n t o t he r e serv·a ti o n mi s s i o na ry
e ffor t Wa s h ing t o n Ta c kfois ce s
a nd the ubigu ito u s · �nthro p o l o gi s t s "
who s t ill ke e p c oming , l ike d e a th
a n d taxe s to our l a nd ; to s tudy
the i r fe a th e r e d fre a k s w i t h funde d
money in the i r ha nd ;, .
·
·
My favo r i t e , Whe re Wre you
is a b i t t e r que s t i o n .
"Whe re we re yo.u whe n w e ne e d e d
you o u r frie nd
Whe n ,
Whe re we re you whe n we ne e d e d
yo u t o ben d
Now you c l a im t o b e p a r t
S i o ux o r. - Che r o ke
·
�( " THE
JR I T I N G 11
-1 5 -
•
•
•
c o nt . )
A t t h i s " t ime n f the Lo nge st
Sha �0� s " I wa n � � o pa s s on to .
you t t e · �ro p he c i e s whJ c h h a ve
be e n t o l d to me by t he Ho de nn sho
nne e s .
A l m A c ro s s C a n a da , �rom
� he M i c -Ma c i n the Ea s t to the
�a i da in the We s t , the Or i g i na l
?e o ple ha ve th e i r p r o p he c ie s ,
e nd the y ta lly to a re ma rka ble
�e gre e .
Here the n , a re some of
the pro p he c i e s o f t he Iro quo i s
"Whe n Ma n c a n no l o nge r dr i nk
th e wa t e r of the s p r i ng a n d the
stre am , t he n ,.,e are ge tt ing ne a r
to t he e n d �
•
.
•
"Whe n t h e Tre e s s t a r t t o
d ie from t h e to p t he n w e a re
r.e a r the e n d . "
"Whe n the b i r d s c a nnn t ma ke
tr1e i r ne s t on the ground the n
we a r � ge t t ing ne a r th e e nd .. "
"Whe n t he · e a r s o f c o rn o ur �
s�ppo rte r grow ne a r t o t h e ground
we a re ge t t i ng n e a r the e nd . "
" The re w i l l b e a g re a t dark
�e ss c o me ove r the e a r t h , we
�a ve b e e n to ld to ma ke sure we
?- lwa-y s . ha ve e nough ·foo d in t he
�ou s e f o r the l o ng , ' da r k t i me
-:.ha t i. s t o c ome . "
T
"l ERNA LOGAN ( Mo hawk ) wife o f
Shi e f J o se ph Lo gan Iro quo i s v i l l
a ge , S i x Na t i o n s G r a n d R i ve r
::..;;3. nd s .
n The e n d wi l l c ome w i t h
o :ld c ove r ing t h e wa te r s , thi s
w: � 1 c a t ch f i re a nc e ve ryth ing
w: 1 1 b ur n . "
� H IE F JO SE PH LOG AN
·
Mo hawk )
1 Ha - St a -We a �� se r>:� E a -TAH '
:ro quo i s V il l age , S i x Na t io n s
�rand R ive r . La nd s
"�hen o ur c h i l dre n c a n no l o nge r
s p e a k o u r La ngua ge s , t h e n it
is ne a r t he e nd . "
" The C re a t o r s a i d t h a t f i r st
ne woul d t a ke t h e c h i l dre n .
Cme day you w i l l wo nde r whe re
a re a l l the ch i l dre n .
I t is 1
true ma ny of our wome n do no t
wa nt to ha ve c h ildre n a nymore ,
s o you s e e t he c h i l dr e n a re
be ing t a ke n f ir s t . "
"T he t ime o f the p r o he c ie s
i s he re , now .
The a i r i s dy ing
the wa t e r too .
The pl a nt s a re
no t grow ing pro pe rly . "
"\lfuen my p e o ple s hf:3-ll
ga t h e r t o ge the r ih gro up s a l l
s c ro ss t h e l a n d s a y i ng "Wh a t
sha l l we do ? "
the n th i s ne a r
to t he e nd .
A n d t h i s i s wha t
we a re do i ng now ! "
•
•
•
A c k l i n Davey
( Mo hawk )
Six Na t io n s Gra nd rt i v e r La nd s .
( The se pro p he c ie s , I h a ve
be e n t o l d ha ve be e n h a n de d
down s i n c e the t ime o f chr i s t
.
a � d o f the Pro phe t De ga nawi da h ) J . M
" The re a re no t so ma ny
b i rds a nymo r e , you hardly s e e
a wo o dp e cke r The b ird � fe e l
o n t h e i n se c t s t h a t kill the
pla nt s a nd t r e e s . "
" The re a re n ' t the i n se c t �
"
The yS ve
fo r t he b ir d s to e a t .
Ma n i s g? in�
be e n p o i s o ne d .
Everyt hi� ¥ � s
aga i n s t na ture .
The f i sh a re dyin g .
chang i ng .
The wa t e r i s d irtr . "
W i l l a m Smith
( Mo hawk )
S ix Na t i o ns Gra n d R ive r Lan d s
Eve ry o ne o f o ur Ori gina :
P e o p l e I ha ve t a l ke d to who . ,
follo ws the o l d way s a nd s � 1 1 _
re ta i n s t h e a n c i e n t wi s d oma ,
G � o r ge �
say the same t h ing .
s The Noo tka Art i s t Wr� t e r
Clute
t o l d m� tha t " the Whi t e R a i.:�
l
i s de s tr o y i ng i t se l f , ana � i � .
it.
take the ' Ind ia n ' P e o p le wi t n
I f th e e nd i s ne a r , a �
i t : s no
ne a r a s ne a r the e nd
the Or i g i na l Pe 0p.l e
r
wo nd �
a cro s s C a na da to� � Y wa n r. no
•
•
�( We s te rma n
c l� se
•
•
•
- 1 7-
C o n t . from page l6 )
But Whe re you whe n we
to t he e nd . "
c ame
"We mu s t h a v e ro ya l i ty o i l
flow.ing oe f o i:-e tha t t ime or� fa c e
Bankrup � c y !·-" · Egan 's t a t e d . :n
The Al bum c a n be o rdere d
from t he I nd ia n Commun i t y A c t io n ·
. Ma ny of ._the -E sk imq_ · '- · _Ind i n .
Bro gram ; - Vemi d j i · S t a te Co l l e ge ,
� nd . l e ut s . · . p� ople of Ala.ska l i'1:e
Yemid j i , Minn . , 5 660 1 fo r $ 5 . 2 5 .
in a : 'i e ve l - o f po ve r ty be low tha t
Yo u ha ve t o a dmire the Pre c e p t i o n o f a nx _ . o f our _ o t he r Ame r i c ans . ·
Re c o rd Company ' s mo de s ty Howe v e �
I wa s pe r s i s t a nt a nd gor th-:� ir
. "We c a nno t lo c k up all the
va s t na tural re sour c e s of t he
a ddr€ s s o ff t he J a c ke t u s i ng a
ma gn ifying gla s s .
1 6 5 We s t sta te o f Ala s ka i n e ve ry co rne r
It i s
4-6 th S tre e t , New Yo rk N . Y . 1 003 $ , of t he la nd ignor ing t he c ry o f
( From the Che ro ke e O ne Fe a ther p o ve r ty ) of huma n wa n t , o f huina n
We d ne s d a y , N o v . 11 , 1970 )
igno r a n c e · a·nd d i se a se wh i c h i t
is i n o u r powe r t o cure . "
�,
. ALASK� . GOVERNOR - SAY S
OIL P I PE L I NE
BOON · To NAT IVE S
A
Wa s h i ng t o n ( Q P I ) l a ska Go v .
Willam A . Egan s a id Mo nda y t he
pro spe r i t y of h i s s t a t e and i t s
pe o ple h i nge s o n a pproval o f the
c ontre ve r s io nal tra ns -Al a s ka n
o il P ip e l i ne .
Al a s k a nE sk imo and Ind i a n
repre s e nta t i ve s , . howe ve r , j o ine d
· c o n se rva t io n i s t in o p p o s i ng the
$1 . b il l io n p i e pe l i ne . I t would
c a r�y o il · 800 mile s south from
Ptudhoe Bay to Va lde z for s h i pme nt
by: t a nke r t o t he U . S . We s t c oa s t .
·
�
But R i c h a rd Fra nk , s e c o nd
Chief of lviinto , an I nd i a n V i l l a ge
20 mile s from the Pipe l ine � i t� ,
And Cha rle s Edwa r d s o n Jr .
e xe cu t i ve D ire c t o r of t he Art i e
siop N a t i ve A s s o c i a t io n wp i c h
repre s e nt s 5 , 000 Ala s k a n E sk imo s
coul d
a r gue d · tha t the p i pe l ine
ru in t he trapp i ng , hun t i ng
wh i c h suppo r t s t he ir pe o poe .
" The E s k imo i s the forgo t t e n
E dwa rd s o n sa i d "
n".
ma
Why :--· i s i t · t}1a t �Je q t e rn c i v:Ll i z a t i o n wo r r i e� · a bout th ings a nd
doe s no t woriy a b out p� o p l e " .
.c
.
�
_ Edwa r d s o n . sa id . if th e � ipe ld
l ine mus t b� built E sk imo s sho�
sha re . in th e pro f i t s a nd be _ pa o �
1 5 . do l l � r s for e ve ry ga l l 6 n of
oil s p il le d .
•
·
·
•
•
·
I nt e r i o r Se c r e tary Ro ge r s
C . B . Mo rton ho s t ing a publ i c h e a
ing on t he p ro j e c t s ·e n vi o rm e nta I
ha z a rd s , prom i s e d to we igh t he
va lue of Ala s k a ' s Wi lderne s s a s
Fra nk s a i d Mint o ' s 1 60 r� s he a v ily a s the po t e n t i a l r i c he s
: ·o f t he pe tr o le um 9 e ve lo pme nt be for ei. d e nt s · fe q e d the o il me n woul a
s
rlil ing o n t he i s su e .
He p ro m i s e d d � ma ge I n d i a n La nd � a z: d s trec!'.lm .
l ik e p ro spe c t or s d i d i n . the Art i e
str inge n t sa fe gaurd s but a d de d
gold ru sh in de c a de s pa � t .
" I c a nno t e ndo rse t h e p h i l o s o phy
th a t we mu s t . i npo $ e a mora t o r ium
Re p s . _ J o hn D . D i nge ll , D �
on re s o ur c e d e ve � q pme nt fore ve r
.
Mi ch . a nd Le s A sp in , D i W i s , · te s
.
in t he Art i e . " :
t i f i e s tha t t he Inte r i o r De pa rt
· Ega n s a i d o il re ve nµe wa s t he me n t s s a fe gua rd s aga ins t rup ture
of t he p ipe l i ne a nd. o t �e r ha z ar � s
s t a te ' s s o l e hope of pro v i d i ng
we re i nsuff i c ie nt Dinge ll wa r�£><l
s e rv i ce s · a nd o ppurtun i t ie s for
· .
of . the "e nvio rmen tal d i s a s ter"
. i t s pe ople .
H e s a i d the
$900
..oil
mil l io n A � a s ka · go t from o i l le� s e a nd s a i d . Ala ska ' s nor t h . sJ , � ri� t
·....- a n a
sho uld b e .b:ip c. .j_ J1 -co-_oqo.:: :i
c: : l . �- 8 _ j "!'1 · �- c; A 9 wo ul d b e gone
by
..
1 ' '.· - ;
•
,•
I
• ._
l
f' .Ar J . '·� -t-..-:- .. L
�-1 8 MA H : E A G A I IS B I LKE D
OU T O F I T S
C E LLU LO I DS C RE D I T S
B y K e n Bu c k l e y
�
.
Pa r a m o u n t P i c tur e s , Ma j e s t i c
m o u nt a i n u s e d i n t h e t i tl e s i s
re a l l y f l a t t o p p e d Mt . K a t a h d i n
w i t h a s u p e r impo s t e d p e a k .
Th i s a t y o u k now , i s a n
o u t a nd o ut l i e .
But i t s o ne
we a re l i a b l e to s p re a d unle s s
P a r a mo un t g i ve s Ma ine A l i t t l e
c re d i t f o r u s i ng Ka t a d i n .
S o u r d n a hunk F a l l s , a d o z e n n r s n
Pa s s a ma q un d d y I n d ia n s a n d a b i t
o f B a c t e r S t a t e P a r k t o f i lm
" A N E', : L Li A F "
( B DN l'-'io n d a y Ma r . 5 · . 1 97 1 )
I ND I A N S
S E T N ,�foJS S TRA I G H T
O l d Town - Whe n y o u g o t o s e e
" A N e w Le a f t h e I n d i a n s a pp e a r ing
in the P i s tur e a re PE N O B S C O T no t Pa s s a ma q uo d dy , a s t he N e w s
a nd o t he r pe o p l e ha ve be e n l e d
t o b e l i e ve .
J o h n S a p p i e r n f I nd ia n I s l a nd
O l d T ow n , s e t t he re c o r d s t r a i g ht
Fri day .
He s h o u l d k now .
Sa p p i e r
t o o k a bo u t 2 5 T r i be me mbe r s t o
t he K a t a h d i n re g io n i n 1 969 whe n
the mo t i o n p i c t ure wa s ma d e
( B DN
3 / 6/71
A s K E S K IMO LAN GU A GE U SE
IN T E A C H I N G E S K IMO S
AT GRA DE LE VE L S
Ye l l � w s t o n e , MWT - T h e N o r
t h we s t Te rr i t o r i e s t e a c h e r s A s s
o c i a t i o n s R t t he i r a nnua l me e t i ng
pa s se d a re s o l ut i o n c a l l ing f o r
a g re a te r u s e o f t he E sk imo La n
gua ge i n t e a c h i ng E s k i mo s tu d e n t s .
T h e A s so c ia t i o n s a i d t h a t
" I t i s t o t he c u l t u r a l e nr i c hme n t
o f a l l C a na d ia n s t o p r e s e r c e t he
E sk imo l a ngua ge a s a wo r k i ng l a n
g1.1 ,-=? P., o. . "
I t a d cl e d t h a t ma ny b a s i c
C < Y· 1 · · , ·: T ) 'i'. 'J r.:: : :: n
. :-: :.. L i . ·:. . J �· -.")
1 .. -:..
m ·-i - t
::
'Y'e r' j
l y
n a t i ve la ngu a g e
T he t e a c h e r s group a s ke d �
t h a t t h e i n s tru c t i o n to E sk im� :
s tu d n e t s be gi ve n i n t h e i s k imo
l a ng u a g e t o t he c o re a re a s o f re
p r i !i a ry gra d e s a c c o mo a ni e d by <.
s t r o n g e mph a s i s o n th e � ng l i s h
l a ngua g e .
A t t h e mo re a dv a n ce d
grade leve l s .
t h e te a c h e r s a s ke d
t h a t E s k i mo , l a nguage t e a c h e i ng
be p r o v i de d .
The a s s o c i a t i o n a l s o a s k e d
tha t s c h o o l i n s t ru c t i o n b e p ro v i d
e d a s mu s c h a s po s s i b le i n a s tu
de n t s h ome s e t t l e me n t : tha t mo re
a dul t e du c a t i o n ma te ra i l
a d e qu a t e
b e ma d e a v a i l a bl e a n d t h a t � s k imo
a dult s be e n c o urage d to p r e s e rve
t ra d i t i o na l a r t s , c ra f t s m a nd s k i l l ;
( C ont . from J )
( Th e Dim i n i sh ing Dom in i on )
the P en o b s c n t T r i be an d the
newly e s t abl i sh e d s tate of Mai n e ,
.
' al l th at was l e f t of the Tribe ' s
s s ive l an d are a wa s f u�
onc e ma
town sh i p s of s i x m i l e s sq � ar�
e ac h , an d 146 i s lan d s beg i nnxn g
a t· O l d Town , M a ine and runn i ing
up rive r to the s o uth of th e
Mat tawamke ag R ive r .
F o r one t� und e r s ta� d th e
bac krn und n e c e s sary to a t temp �
to an swe r th i s q u e s ti n n o f ill
e gally depriva t i on o f Tri bal l an d �
i t wo ul d b e n e c e s s ary t o re turn
t o p re - 1 7 1 3 and e x amine En � i sh
l aw and Engl u s h c o u s tom an�
th e n t o f o l l nw thi s l aw � 1 J
In
c n u s t om thro ugh t t o 1 8 2 0
th s i way o n e � p rep are him s e lf
wi th s uf f i c en t b a c kr o un d t o
then c on s i d� r the p o s s i b l e an s wer .
•
( T o Be C on t i n ue d in N e x t
I s s ue l
G e o rge an d Ha z e l Lorin g c e l e brat e d
the i r 58 th ye ar n f marr i age �n
]\.'.; ;.; r- �� :1. 1 9 c J. 9 7 1 , the y re s i d e o n
· 1 ! � rl.1. ?..Yl T � d �l.c� � ;:in·j J { , 1 �re 9 c h i l q_rcn .
�� ;�i.i < <��. 1� S ... :i·. ":: d10 i r
.
..___________ _ ____
_ _ __
f.· 1: .
.
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D 0 N
II
T
D E L A y
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!
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Penobscot Indian Corporation, Inc . , a private, non-profit corporation
consisting of 25 members of the Penobscot Tribe .
The Newsletter contains not only news of Maine Indians but im
portant items of interest about other Indian people ac ross North
America .
If you wou ld like to receive the monthl y Newsletter, send in
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter </em>(March 1971)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1971-03
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin (or Colby) College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-453
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/cd80be87ae8d0593682bfe62ed77b714.pdf
84070a0d182ac7463ac9b19e3ecdd730
PDF Text
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:-�lso be .1.eld in J.pril.
.•
...
_
..,,
St.
p-trick's
St0u
TL" A�rnual St. Po.b�ick's SL0:1 u'-'-u l " eld
There r1ere about 12 5 pe ople :.:.t t !e d<:.. J s 1ow.
Pat
'.V e re
sold .:.nd g".L!GG
vrnre
Fr.-__.cis,
. Songs
�ere
Loring,
C'1�r1es
su�g by
pl.:iyed.
t�c
'.d,e
Surd.:-.y c.t_2: 3 0 ,1;.1d 7:30 p.L·.
Refrcsl1"w.:ts
..i.1J. [;r<.:.b b .gs
i r c lu de d 00::0:::; by tl�e. ba 1d,
o..cts
rtnlpl:. Nic!:olc..,
y oun g e r girls,
...
i
Jr.,
_ .••
d J3·.rb...:.r..:. Fr� .•1cio •
April L ring, c..nd
Vicki F rcL cis,
Rho.1dc. · 1itc 1 e l l, :.lso tl'le Oc..khill 2,irls, 1- �ggy C�<ev:::.ree, G . ylc Pl�illips,
and .1c.ry hc.wilt on
'-..l'othe?r gr�·up, Orl · . rr d c1 �rl:, TL.1 Lwc, ..:l!.d ·;ic!_;.'.01
R.:'.nco sang folk .songs.
C o te die s .:cr0 acted by J.lbertc:: Fr_ . icis <::.. d
vclyn
The
Snpiel, nnd Dale Lol2r :-.nd 'fiu 1hc_.:.1:. c-.cted
s
Lc.ur8l 2�1d He.rd;;.
f tL ..:: CLurc��.
si10,'f ,1;::.o :. success �.nd iU:..s f .Jr t::"' ben fit
...
•
.
.
.
.....
__
Tutor
by .
...
.
Tl ere is e.. t u t oric. .l pr u gr.. 1'1 o.:i Indi-.n Icl --.ad .r:.ic. i.s sp::m...;c-red
.
L""i. st ya ..r o__ l;-/ 25 c::ttc:; ·ed , t is
C. of the Univor.sity 0f 112i:1e.
. .
1rl":ere ::.:.re
1-12.
c:.lso -.·fr·o
·I' "!e progr�'.m in clude .=->
40.
ye ...r t� ere c..r e
t he
lJl
Pi.�ogr
t�;:::i
2lso t.:i.ke
p"'".rioh 110.ll,
adults
p .rt
or in
·1.::>.rkL1g
in t 1'. is .
th"
Yout':
.oi,�es
The
of
:::..
of people fro..:; "'r�.d�s
s cl �o :J l diploLi...�D .1:.0
tE£J.cl: L. t· e tr_,_b.::.l :."_-_11,
group
for their
tutors
tl:.c
Lig!'i
pe:::iplo.
Lc-:der::>hip C0L.v'-:iti0a
der s L i p Conve tion iK.s :_ l d ,:.t .JJ11n B�pst hig:1 ScLo-.11
Tao
ecplc
ttend�d ti,-3 con
0f t h e loc<.11 pe.ri she s .
Gr2.dc.1 Lol c:.r :-..nd 1. y.:rnlf.
d,
vention fro1.1 St. .Ann' o pc.ri::>h en I:idic.11 I�l
7:3 0 �J . . to 1 0: 3 0 :P•
Tl'.<:) coi·ve:1tion st.:-..r t c d Fridu.y tL2· 15L of �:: r e: fro
'l'Lere ,rnre t-.:::11c..goro fro_:, tl•� �re 1er, Bene
c.nd a.lso S2.turdc.y and Sund<:i.y.
book
ivc:1
r.:2.cli Jf U"" ,.fc.
dict.::-; Bango r, L'.�:d Old To·:m ·rca }JL.risJ;es.
di s c u s .J i .J n grou:·s
Je ,·Jere divided i
le t cc:�lled Christ ir..ni ty ii "'"?ene11al.
t]1e o·.Jok
·e re.:. . d c: . . =_)ter'� i
with c. diccu.saioa l e'-'. d e r c:ud L secret::ry.
e lc..twI
TLis discussi:rn urc:..:.; for our s e lve s 011ly.
c..n d sns'.:cred questions.
i.:;2. the red in one group.for �: n otli.er discussion ::�1d to -;_.re-: i, t t c c .m clus ior
Tl in nc..s pre: :::ented by the secre
·.1e c �;,1e to i;1 sns-.7cring t e quest ior:s.
ent;;;d on by tlie rest. Fc.·.ther lrnnroe
tc:.rieG ..'.':1d further disc u s se d op co,
�·.::·in discusLion.
ar�d Sistar h. ,..,le ;::1:.r of Jo!.11 :S�tpst rn.i:-e present c:.t t:
-�c- 2. J1e·;1 ex:·�eri.:;nce to uG in -1� icl. ·.-10 fe l t close to God
The co;.1ve11tion
. '!10 is J. sus C..ri_,,t?
The t-O!')ics we dis cu ss e d ȴere:
c::nd our r e l i g ion .
( C� nti1lued on F.:...ge 7)
;.
for t
e
Youth
L
.::.
te.::nc,gerc.
__
·
:
.
__
..
__
....
c
..•
..
..
..
..
......
�
�E D I
·
.
TRE
u;.I" :"E II\"DihN W.: ISLETTER
EDITOR;
T 0 R I
A L S
,)
:. .. _}"(,,-�)
'
opinions
•
:...·
to
be --sen t
•
.1;
}!c:.ine In di .:-..n Ne·. slettcr
Pine S tre0t, -Free};or t, i'�t:.Li.e
st .... tewents
stories
or
ideas
Perry,
...
�
,,
1 c . :.,:.
following:
04032
H.:.ry Y rm:�l
cartoons
J. .-
the
jokes
lec:.Sl-•nt Point Reserv �tion
infor..uc.c.tion
or
recipes
04667
�ine
i :orris Brooks
Lints
Indi n Township
me os
r,h.e
Princeton,
reledies
or
sugg stions
Carol D.rna
gri:1es
Old To��,
0466�
cor. plc.in t s
Indic..n
predictions
Island
Maine
04468
ne �s items
I�� SPLIT RAIL FT, -CE
Still
tl.e spli t r�il fences s t .:.r1d
Silent
sentriea
O v erse eing
to
tl
12.lld
�
Land not fit for plouing
Woods not fit
�nd colicky b&bies
Seek" .g peace in hills &nd clen.
Co··
s
d kids
c;
Even th •ug'
obeJ
t
ey
Or s ..ling on t
o
t .eir
jump
split
This b o u d r y keeps
Firm �nd sure,
To t Lis
Leavi�g
.re dee1
st
nee
d d'". ce
rc..il gc... t e
o ur
Sees
And colicky bc..bies
defence
our split r:-.il fence
re2tling
ir no t fit for
S�ies not fit for viewing
Sores on our bodies
ur seed t he f�elds of clover
i·L4.RTI1
And colicky b�bies
Gnd harves t's over.
LUTH.!:R KI .G
·re re blind
'1/ater not fit fur drinking
Lakes not fit for bathing
Sores on our bodies
And colicky b�bi�s
F.veryone of our kind
We ·1ere sled
And bled �nd b led nnd bled
Ti.t.
not fit for fishing
E�rth not fit for pl..:nting
Sores on our bodies
f ,,te.
pro tec t ion,
.en su set 's here
We
�
Anim�ls not fit for breeding
Skin .not fit for
And colicky b�bies
no more
No land,
No you,
Jar and
•
pestilence
in our land
Blood �nd �urder of every m�n
no sea
no me •
tz.nning
Sores on our bodies
1e no more
Exist
for cutting
Sores on our bodies
fields ��d wen
Sores on our bodies
•
And colicky �2bi es
·
{ !1&.t
I
&yb e
io the end
to :i.11 this sin
t Le end to the beginning ag _in
Sores
on our bodies
�(4)
LETTE1�.··
'l'O ''h"S EDITOR
Dear 1� s . Tho@pGon:
'
I ·:12..s r�ca1 tly v ..:: ry 'ortun .te to lk ve .u � d .:. s.1 ... rG i11 t_. r-> p 1�--..nning
.
1 · .::
..
.
of a nuccessful "Firstil for tl1.e N ... tive Jomen in the ;·rovince
of ,.._lberta The First
c:tive ·if0i:1en Is Conf _rence of :'ilbertc 011 l'iC:.rch 12t h through
.
15th, I11d:u::n women ra2y hc.ve been tr�.diti 0 � 1 ,- L y silent -.,ad cJ.G:Cepting
::. ..
but the d�y is c or i n g , es this conference illustr�t d, w�eil iley �ill
tc:ke their pL1ce beside t�-ie uen to . rork for
better to .. orro1;1 for .:.11
nc:;.tive peo_::,le.
Enclosed �re so1IB of the clippin�s from th
C onf � ren ce.
Thay sp eek
for themselves.
J.1.nd perh·· ps you .wi·, _t fi d smilatl1ing in t .e
lor your
Newsletter.
�
.
·
_
c:..
Many thanks for the c o pies you hc:ve been sen d i g r.ie.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Andrea (Bear) 1 icholE.s
(Nrs. NicholRs pirticipated �s one of the di sc us si o n leaders in the
fo ur - d c:.y conference in Ed.uonton, Alberte.
.n.rticles stt.rt on p.s.ge 9.
"LO ,
-Ed.)
THE POOR IND IAN"
by
Rc..lph Nader
The cry of 11 Lo, the Poor Indian" resounded once agc.�in froill if�shington
- this tihle in the form of c speci�l presidential mess��e to
Congress.
Lik e a torrent of previous stc.· tei.ien ts 011 the r1Forgot ten Amer
ican'' flowing frow the D e pdrt m e n t of Interior, the President seid m o s t
.
AS
of the rigl:t tl ii gs c::-.nd used most of the COu!pE:ssio;:l<:.te c.djectivcs.
in f o r mer Jea.rs c:.nd fori..ter Ad,"':... . istr.:�tio s, e ...... J Lc..s is 'dcc..S plc..ced on self
'
hel:p, self-deterr.1inc�tion, e.. higher economic stc:..nd_-..rd of livi.ag, b\..tter
educrtion, i rnp r ov .d 1- e c. � lt h cc:re, m<.tnpo11er tr c:..in in g , new ro&ds, c..nd a bill
of rights fo� th e 400,000·reservntion I .. di�.s.
Is th-re anything neN here, other th�n furtter Lction-tlisplacing sy.w.p[� thy thc1t hc.s br e d c.:: h--.rd skepticisill into ...1ost Indians
direct J h ite E.ouse
Cle.:u-ly,
long resi gn ed to �1overty in perpetuity?
COfilL1it@e.1. t to Indian betteri.:lent, fo·r t he first ti11e, oives tl...e wlSSion
gr e::. ter visibility c::.nd iw .. ortc.�l ce.
Tl: are is a 12 -�·ercent increa.se in
ove�all Indi�n uppropric..tions requested of Congre�s for fisc�l ye�r 1969.
Bu t beyond th�t, the President's raess�ge �voided decl�ng with t�e endur
ing org�niz�tion�l dry rot upon whicl. these progra s �re being �dv � c ed,
tlis
mon th
�-
.
nuQely, the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA).
One hundred Gnd nineteen ye�rs �go, the BIA �as established in
The
the Depc.rt11ent of Interior -.vith both presuiJed c:..nd -:e::.ctu�.l i.J.issions.
the lc.tter v1ith fac
former dealt with iL.1proving the lot of the Indie..n;
ilitati ng the encroachment on or ·exploitc:tion of Indic..n lands 2..nd resour cef
..
·
Und,er the Burec..u ' s aegis c-..nd congressional directive, the Indic:n 12 nd
base shrunk from 150 mi�lion acres to the present 53 million acres - about
For generc::tions the Bu.cec:u pr'esic ed over people
the size of New Engl�d.
Indians· Jere called 11w,_rds11, were culturally devast
without a future.
ated,physically puGhed �round �nd entwined in t.1.e most i�tric�te web of
burec;.ucrc.tic regulations .:.nd rulings ever i nflict e d anyv-11 ..iere in this
'rl1ey still "re.
nation's history.
In the �eantiwe, the.BIA has pr osp ered , growing to its jrede t
fed
size of approxiwately 16 ,000 ewployees providing the serJices of
Togetter
erel, state and local government in one .:dministr�tive bundle.
with snm.:ller pro grc:�ms in Indi.::..n heE�ltl1 (under tL.e Fu u l i c lie.::.lth Servie)
(Continued on Pc:-.ge ·5)
c.
�(5)
1110, TR:.� !JOOR I ·DIAlli
.
(Cont�nued from ��ge 4)
and anti·.overty
�')ro&r=-.i s ( i
or.:o), c u ��.._· e . _ t .i. isct:.l ye ....r .::.�'};ro ri;�.tio .s
Indi-ns tote.led �bout �460 1 i l lion or an
eve�& e inco 1e ·.�r reserv�
tion f:-r il�·· of so:·�e �5,600 if paid out i n
C.:.!.sh.
(TLe ::- v e r· . g e fc.m.::.ly
inco11e is . • 1, 500 per annUlil.
for
T!1e
Indi[n budget h ... s
b ee n i ncre .... sing e..t a r2.te thc._t h.:.s doubled
Yet the pict ur a on the reserv�tions is dr�0 ��d grim.
The prese t poverty t .lly is e. 40 :.: e rc e nt uneui�loyr!lGi.1t :c&te C li th Lluch
undere< loyuent),
ros:sly dil � p id at d housing, at le2st )0 �xrcent illit
.
in tLe pest decade.
er?..cy,
t·.:o-t: irds the life exi ect ncy c::.n d lzss tl:r..n c:. ti ird of tlie c::..ver�ge
inco e of otl er . mericc.ns, raa1: any disease including '"'- tuberculosis in
cidnece seven ti�es the nationcl � ver ge .
�
Anyo.e /
dre£.ry redu.
o h�� f�ll�?ed Indian aff irs firds these f igures to b�
-.11cy of pnst reci t-t.ions.
·Jith the exccpti'";n of soue c.d
L1di�n he c.. l tll , reserv';.tion co •ditiarr.J _e,•.:-.in c..s o.:.d or 7orse
vc.nces i.
th n 10 or 20
has
years
e erged i
Angeles,
�go.
the
fo
D(!nv�r
m
of
In the p�st de e de
a
new
di�ension of
d�sp ir
200,000 Indi·�s in city slums such �s Los
... nd
·!inne .. :polis.
But tl:e .3IA co .tL u s to exude f..ds
er it is re loc.:.ti n 2. 1r:..y fro 1 t!1<:. re.serv :. tions, tourisU}.,
winercl develop�e�t ��d t�e l�t�st unfilled expect_tion - bringing industry
to thE �eserv�tions.
of ho e
reco
-
/ � et '
-rior to t .e Pr es ide nt ' s mcssege,
e nd �tio
t
1
of
tr�.1 sfcr ::_:irim.:.. ry
0
.:·
the
resid "'nt ' s T<..Gk Fire.
the
:
si b i lit
y
�11ite -uuce r�j6cteJ the wajor
o.:.
P. ..:e��ic.::..n IndL..-:ns to
for Ir:d.L'..n �-f i.:...irs fro•. ; the
"':: d u c --.. t i o J.
cf Interior to the Secret ·ry 0f he�.lth,
Sccret2.ry
�1nd .1clf;;_re.
r.£111e
·r:-sk Force, ·n its still secret io4-p:-ge re·Lort c\.n l c ted in lS.06, ur ge d
t_ c s l. i f t to h.•, Jo.1 t� e ?r unds t: �.t 75 percen t of ;: ot.:�l Indi.:-.n ap·;?ro:t--n:
ti on s is
: llocc.ted
..
53
percent
by
e ·
of tl e
to he2..lth,
�r
0uaget
ed u c& tio n , .J.cl 11elfure fuuctLins.
(1250
�il l i on
in fi sc �l
19�L)
About
aoes to1&rd
its educ�ti0n function on the r e serv � ti o n .
;ith responsibility f or Indi:n
1 e:.l th .s e rv ic e s ".lre .dy in
J, t.' e Tc..sk F orc e diplouz.tic......lly concluded
}Jhc,sizing
tlL.t
"
.....
.' p ogrcIII e · ph�.. sis on conserv.:.tion
r es 0 u r c
:;; 11
.
by
of t --..e T:.Ek Force's
.nd nc:-.turc::.l
disbust c�d despcir felt
. ..:.:rfor.J.:.nce of tl1e Bure� u.
1d i41pr st.ion �h ... t ''too
T ••e T,_sk Force renort took note of t} e ddes r� ..
m�ny BI
7ere si �ly time - servers of wediocre or poor coJpetence
employee
wl o re:uc:.i ed i 1d ... finitely because they v er e willing to serv e iI un:--ttractive
�. -lny
e�e_t�
uch
�
l � cid rc::.tion�le
...ie.
e
�s
.
c..i.t
.1�s the
t11e
�
th�.t too li.lc..ny hc:.d
posts <'".t lo
r.:. tos of pc:..y for l o n g periods of time;
unconsciou..,ly anti-Indif'.n cttitudes =-.nd a.re convinced th"'.t Indi�-�ns ure
.rf)eten.t and their beh:.vior re f le ct s thin · s sULlption
o· clesaly inca •
re�llJ
Buildii1g on nuruerous ..: revious governL1ent (Eoover-ty-;e* critiques
ask Force ticked off c. li s t of '.dis
' s ch-.... geless '!'�''l:/S, the
of the BI
"Tl e Burec..u h.:..s no re.:..lly ..._ ,rd dD..te.. on
in&dequ te
e d uc tion • • • gross l
Tie 8ure�u does n ot e v e n lave
d......ta on 1Lich to b�se development p l ns.
ore tr-ined st·--tistici.:-.n o!!_ its st·:.ff at the prese;.1t ti.11e (its :.:.u�}:il e.s�
cove ri es • '
•.1l·ich cl ocked it:
popul�tion d�cmics,
i co�e,
y
e ployment,
�
�
y
..,hocking to the T�sk FGrce, �as the total
el ted ra�tter, e uall
• • • A
tr
�bo •nee of .. .ny R &. D fu. d£ iE t.1e BIA bud ·et.
b.] 'l __ l1L ic:-.c"'r 'J.11 be cou p l ted in
r is � .. rticle
\:;ditor's _1 0 te :
lie ,Jill. disclo.sG dO e incid - n t s invt1lvi 1g t.i.1e .311
t. e Mey issue.
1
. 1
�(6)
YOUNG
CHEROKEES PROT .ST
}iPHA.SIS 01�
N .,/ INDUSTRL�L SITT::
By Kimmis H e ndri ck
uf
Staff Corres�ondent
The Christic..n Science i'_oni tor
T'- hlequc.l ,
Indic:.ns
h..;"'..Ve tuo wn.ys of looking t tLe C erol-ee l'J.:� tioJ.·
here.
tric:i.l site
Ti
ey
desibned,
2.nd
ricr1
-·
�.gree
it's· h2ndso.:1e.
.J.
include of.. •
."ices,
c..n
wit1,
Okla.
ne•:I
llldus
:-:t trc..ctivel ..
beautifull/ �+ oil ted rest .ur ..nt,
service stc..:.tion.
Ulti·11.itely,
40 buildii. 6s,
cove ...�s
It
's
·.::rehouses,
e ye to tLc noter1ti.:ll of the vc:-.. c·· t:._on country
� ii�e �ot 1.
But like the rnrd 'h� tion'1, wl ich J::..:.s b1::::en onl
� courtesy term
since 1$06, when this grec:.. t Indic.. n tribe lost its sove.i:.=ie; ty, tl cse
buidings prompt ob�ervers to ask t10 �uestions:
7ill exon mic yro ress
th e r e �ill be
surrounding Tutlequuh,
deep Ii di c.n needs?
Or is stres Lig
fnilure to co;·11e to ;rips . itlt deeper issues?
re ...:.lly l·.1eet
To
mc::.ny e2._,tern
buildings,
ho:pe.
to
dedicc.ted
get c:.;1e ad.
Yet
2
rut
Cherok
ch
jobs,
youn� Clerokees
few
into
Tougher problem se�n
threw
t,1e iniddle
project.
It r.i.:tsks,
,
�
h.c°'-lJ.° y
e.
tliey su.y,
2.nd .;_,ybe
Cherokees �1 "'..VC
ounted
oout
as Ii dL.n
chief.
T:ic.
Mr.
dedic�t0d
I�.
.:.'.d
Is
site,
jobs
before,
employment,
Give
jobs to
no,.
ic
my
like n
..
ther.1
_c_ny of
re ,_rd
c..s
s � 11 se that
the
vern.1ent in
Jick t,.leir
pri.,ci:p ..... l
l iw.
the we .lt ... iest uen in
of
of th:::
even
trioe
by
.
.::i
Fr.s:.Dklin D.
is critics,
�-B
tot-.lly
1 f�nds has o�de possible the new
in rtlany cc..ses, hc"lVe
jobs to come.
policy m2inly ke1ed to
rogr�us
they cirgue,
jobs,
At the
Indi..lns v7ho,
Current feder�l
Indi""ns
c:.
t-OVcrty here in L,e Ozc.rk
as numerous Indian-initi�ted fro. ra�s,
that it is.
care
a
6
is one
and- pro.111is�ng filore
or
these
ec
';re9ident of ::;>_1il..Li�Js FetroleUi.tl
,
appoi.1 t€d chief
offering
answer to Indian needs?
as w�ll
k�eler,
m�nc�2 .�ot of tri �
Ke�ler's
onstration,
united St .t�s ;;·ppoints
pc::.rt Cheroke�,
originallf
to e.-.t,
c:-.. nytl,ing.
to
fi·_ y c.:i..n't
to Che£okee inter�sts.
industrial
never
1.
d.
tribt...l
it.
Ile is univers. l l i· desc.1.ibed,
Roosev�lt.
·
Keeler,
wc..s
He
holaa.
h"ve
President of t•.e
He �1c.p,:ens to be
Company.
._:�mocrc.tic
no
r
f
the iiidu.stri�l-site
problem the. t
toug�ter,
Indian trib .... s
fac... de
JJ1ajority,
stLnd
enJu0>
protest da
foothill.
most .. rnerican
::mlli!!ler,
[.
of the dedica.tion cere11onies.
all Cherokees ... r en' t
-...
j u st as tough,
�
c,
prob�.uly to
l.:tst
p:..y c .eeks,
People se..y the incident harJ.1-r
same tiw.e,
"�S,
cerewu1y
they me .... n
Specificc..l ly,
n10 !1 ke y w:cench,
Oklc:;.hot.:ci
w i th
econo ics only
getting it,
the
adequ ate
for the American
Indian,
rest on the e s s umption
and other :_1robh1s
will t.:i.ke
of themsleves .
DOUf!,'�t
.Sm�1e young Cherokeas described usually by their elders c:..s "mixed up"
think thet top priority should go to �etting a democr�tic�ll; �lect�d
He is reportedly bdcking · congre&
Mr. Kedler agrees.
tribal govern .. ent.
Self-govern!'.:.lent
sional move this
be
gotten on
yec..r to get it.
his terhls - ;uec-�ni11g
f.:.S
lands,
sterill.ling,
directly fro
12.ck
.1
'in 1907, made
arrangedent for
them vu.lner3.ble
1
tribe.
t;iey
Their
1.-.
.1-.nd
nd difficulties.
(Continued in the next issue.)
L
The Hhole
y fro;'i tl1erp.
L
their lc'.nds, ·.hc:n stc:-t tel ood c.:-�e
to exploit<:.. tion.
probleus h�s intensified their
th.ii k it will
anotl er concern •1hich
of self-governLlent ... s
2re slip in
due to numerous f·-.ctors,
ori gi ncl congressione..l
young critics
p rts hc..v2
..,hese
i ·t:t.ny older Cherokees in
s-ee
But l!iS
subject to �1is control.
a
te..ngle of heirship
�(7)
.
. ,
PENOBSCOT
/5
(Continued fro,.' p.:.ge
·.1:
t is the C .. urc l?
T.is
fa�
n
conve�ti
ua.
�o- e t
I
!°11c.'.t is
.2.s
tl::e
ligl. tneing
are
oe
�il�
�
T\!O ilC-ko 2.r�o sevonty five
visited ti.1e
grou�Js
guides.
i'
Univ<::rsi ty of
7it:1
re�
visited tl:e
T
c
de1 .rtue t,
10
T
wu-eu
ne ·.r
�
.
�.
.:.1 t
. i1d
tl..e
2nd
of
v cnLws
.!orld.
t:1.-m0: t
Ul.iV<.:r.::ity
to ei ..'..�'ty c.�ildr.:.n
left
··
t·ic�.
T·1�se
-. r�.dio
,
o
t�1e
2.i.1e.
buse
Iou t�:.e C�,u:cc.'..
!orld?
- nd ::;·oen..:d u
re
Visit to
1
2)
1 :00 p.
o::i.
....
tel visi.1;-
frc)ij;
;1e1 c
c_ .ilC:ral1
Isl:.nd
Indi.::.r.
d_ vid�d in to
1!
.rcH
st._ti0a,
.
23.
. nci
sevun
;.,ild
Tl!e
.::ntl_
0 · ,o lo gy
.:.griculturc:l d p rt.1eut ....nd t • .:.· 2.stro .:.i.J y 0uildii.1g.
L .d lu:·. c . . c. d visit d t!":e
,lt f ive o '.clock
orui t .J.i.�L.s.
t:.ey ratur· 2d
-, .....
to to:::ll ::.) ut tl: ir trir 2.,_,d t�-- t:iii.1gs t .. ey .A.:ld seen.
Tl is 1:::..s c.lco S�)OLlCored by s . .n. c. ' th.) S<.t.Je sroup Sj_JO! ::.orL r; t.:o tutor
·-
t�:c
... .lso
ild en
progr·
DBCO �r • .l1::::D FIV�
Sgt.
a
g
duri
Victn2....
2..
�ugenc
:;.t
To
·:1
veter.::
1
Eu
J.
e..ie
t
.i1
I;1di
L irL g,
�-
tl1e Old 'I1o:u\
fr or.
J:"'(.nc
.d
i. Vi ·ti:-...il
� c.xt
co1..i
--nie:d t.. e
duty
0-.
c
u •. it ·d St��teo tl e
�ie;J. . ds01 ,
�1 ...·.skH.
1s, 3.:�1 ·�pr
:.ill , )/30168,
�ore retur.ii11e; to t.
st-.ti
(Fro.! t.:.""
is
11,
nre
itc
•.
·is
ell ,
B-.. p. 1r D. i l r
·
- l.> ov ....
.. rti ...
l "' .)
·
Ph�SAi A1 j;
I ret
:licco .si
' .u
tl!e
o
_
ed
1 ... �
.. nd
ttc purp ......... e
'Jf the
ere
T
f...
n·
r:d
w.y
'e
:·
ver
ruy 60i...1b
i .... ..;isGi Jpi
tr
•
ice
ti ere.
DY N:- !S
'
/...sl.i_ gt on,
Iv�· ... 1e,
ioGt
Lertofilinec c(j.
c0ur .... e
.:.._Lg
-vc
1e... e sixty
f
Indi c·. ·11rio"G
1ise
c.,f
t-old
0:1e tr:.i:Jec.s fro
�'11!·'
vu.;
re
I've
... -
� ..
1:.s
fr Jl.il t.!. e
t0d.
T ... ,
e.re
Olilinea
I1dins
were
t could
ne
rt:
prove
tJ
to
c.
United St.. t0s
teri..titl��t°'d
iil
self s u s t .ining
11c:..y tl.cy ope.:- te I'm confident tl.c::t tlJ.ey
ck
•
Ui.ive .: .-� ity
Osceol"'
N
,
I:t;:)re
tl:... y go rigJ.t b
.."c
Billy
.1icconsi
t!1 c
from
e
dlieve
I
t· o
yeL.rs to
t:
.:. t
.re. t 011.:...ef o�ceol:: o f tin. Se11inol s.
I al.:JCJ v i3ited t:..: only I11diRn Cou ty in tl-o
e
pictLLe
loi.nt
1; ile tJ c-re.
Tlter
:i..
One t_ �1t
C.::r�, .L1�:.
1Jho i� t�·G di ...�cct .escend2..nt of
1._3
:.e
e t
�
P::t�r D
Ii t ·. t,.e exce Jtiol!
dif1'erent
1ere t'drt-.e •.
..:
tLc
6
I -��' .i. gton.
F.1... rid<:!.,
i pr
·.!
trc. ... tod
0f
ei'.s t
St�.te of
fr
�f i10..rcl..1.
fir_,c
1....t F.;rt
By l1or is ..::ir�.kG,
J
r .,erv'-_t_,_,
b.:>c.-,t Trib .. ,l c�w1.ruor J. 11
Leri. g, \1.�o '·� . outst� nding yuun..:;
__ n
o-f ' is Ola
c le f t .
1 i3h S c�.o .:.1 c l_s::; t· 1
ye . rs
.;o, is - c- .re�r snldier.
He s:_:-ieDt a
E.i .....
io
Cu.ctis
cxtrc
"'L
yc-.r
t
·.1 .
� e; ... :1eth
to Gov.
livtcns
y
t tl:c.. St.:-.tc l:.ouGe "1, e.i.�c t; e "i.v-e-ti. GG decorated
presontcd ·' st.:-, te fl.:[;.
it'
t e serg.2..;:.n t, .1·10 is
••
dcd Pc . . -lbsc
full-blD
fL.t.�er,
e
40 ,
Loring Jr.,
J.
brief c�
TI.. :-:s
1i ll
1,961
, ...... d
i:Ic:-.ke it;
·1.!iicl
_.nd
th e y
judging
OtJ.1er-
re.3i::rv:.tiou st�.tus.
tl10ir o.•/11 lu,.... b ... r mill .1LicJ- ewplo�rs :lpproxiaT.1ccc people l_ .v
t. eir 01111 g ov
'fhey �lL.v
tl r r� c hund ... ed Indi, .i _, � rou1:d t !e clock.
I �-:lsv visited t.i e Falllily .::;f John Lc::.rwe
er c t, their o•m Fi.1.·e Dept.
1ho iD our ViGtc..
I 1c..::::; trc ...1 te d very i 1ice by 11r f. hrs F. f. L.:r. e. Fr...u1k
is hos,_.it'"'-1 •
i: tour of
L.:lr e iG n do ct r nnd .i1e took u1c o
le visited .::. reot
tne tom.
. tour of
on
.., . LL.ruie ... . loo to o k . e
3:1 ti1c \Ly, I r�c 'd my
o.ue ruid '· d._iry f ...r.:i1 .... lEJo ,: voe .... ti,Jl .. 1 scLo�l.
.. tely
e.rti ic"'.te of .:-.cl ieve1uent
t �t
t�e U.ivcrsty of
fro
for Cout..<u11ity L.:-.: d e r 3J. l i p Devel-
�(8)
PAS .::> A� ·A\- 1 UODD Y TS .l/S
( C on t in u e d f r om
P.:. g e
)
'(
(
f-
R e c ently , I ,
c::. l o n g w i t h J o h n N i c l·· o L. s f r o• 1 t e
e r r y Re s e 1 v � t i o
�
r:c i1 t t o Lo11g I s l.:-.nd t o t <... lk t �1 t h e s t u d e !1 t s fr o 1� R o c k
"'..
eville C en te r .
nr e o� � f un d r � i s i n g d r i v e t o h e lp t h e P � s sa��q u o d i c a .
l . i s s � l a in e
)
Zir..1 e r ;::.1c:..1 � . n d i·ii ...., s Ja1:li c e S t e ib e r · :� r e c o n d u c t in t; t:1i s d r iv e .
E la. i n e s c.. i d t J : t t 1 c y � .,r i l l b e 0 1 t h o;; f v.L d r . isinci d r i v e u Li t i l tL
• .
end
of
the
s o · e one
s c '� o o l
f r o ul
..
,,re ;_.r ,
�.t
whi c h
c
ti
11
t �·i e y '· '
pr ..:: s e H t
-
,i -
the
nev
"
to
y Tri e .
I (. B t ir.1� t e t h e i:i.ill o un d to iJ e s o, e · ' l . e r e b e t "T e e2 t L r c c :'. n d r o ur t h o u
s c.. , n d d o l l<:'.. r s .
I c · 1 e, c l o s i l [:; s o 1 :1e c li l·'J.> i n ·_·s f r o . . tl e S o u t h s i d e s c l o o l
·
n e ws l e t t e r a n d �. s c l · e d u l e o f f u t ur e <} V e n t s .
"Je
ab o u t
t ll e
.s..
�1 � d
the
At
I n d io.n s
tre: .ted
d .-:-. n c e
one
[
·� u e :.:; t �. o n
h :·'. i l'l e
"/e rrn r e
� 300 .
Pc.. s s c:.1l(.:::. q u o d
F o l l ow i� g
very
A n swe r
period
tti e
by
\ J ll i l e
good
; ! .D
t
t ...
is
d
c::. :: k c d
·
t �_, e r e ,
...-1 e · rrn r c
sc he d u le
tl e
of
f u t ur e
i il ha l l
of
school
f or
T IT c s
h. h o o t e n an y ·. J i t h p r o c e e d s t o I n d i.:-.l.1 S .
TH O d2.11 C G S .
C ak e
t e epe e s
S ou t h
5.
6
doneti
( wr i t t e n
D i d e D ay
ii
� c w s p �pe r -F e b
ac ... . de
ic
-pr o sr -
41
·io
other
s c h o o ls
S 8.l e .
�
1 1 01 e
•
7.
d.:.. . l1 C C S
s c ;10 0l
"
•
C 01 1:.: c t i t iv e
-1i t �·1 t l-:. e t
B ow l "
C o l l e ge
In d i.�. n s - - -Vf o o d ·� e r e
8.
A c on c e r t
9.
10 .
in
A b o o k dr ive .
· A C l o t l i 1g
ns
•
13 ) .
t
he
T. v .
pr o .:-, r c.;
s u � ,:: o r t i�1 g
th2
1-i igh S c t o o l .
d r iv e .
s _� y s
th, t
d �n c e r s
r. .L .
pr o
et
c v.. r:
ii e
end
tLe
_..., t
d.._. n c e r s
tLe
t l: e
of
y e c::. r .
s chool
f or
As
AUG LISTA
-
is
C u r t is
G ov .
under
federal
.::. ski 1 . g tn.o
c alling
C on f e r e nc e
to
ab o l i s h
is
on
__
nd
s e ek
will
C on gr e s s
...; t c: t .:; s
seven
(•f
ll i....1 in .'.'.. w o v e
i : s t c.. t e 1 1 In d i o.us .
j oi n
to
1 1 f e J e r c. 1 1 1
t_1e
L: o..i
r c ...; o lu t i o n
::'..
c.. . n d t L e .:.�J.._ r o p r i � . t e
uill
TJ. ... e
who do
not
, J l , j_ c h
i·io s t
i n iI - i n "
l
iv e
the
of
c. n d
1
to
Oil
s
o f fi c e
f e d e ra l
me mbe r s o f C on gr e s G
t e r e , _ r e !"'. b o u t
h
s2. .::. d
�r e
.n d
reLerv� tio 1s
to
c u pp or t
100 , 000
not
hl e
f e d e r ._- 1 g ov e n.. u e n t l i n s t r e ..::. t ie s .
t li c:: m c.. r e ii1 t h - E a s t o"'..n d S o u t h :-.n d ,Jo.r e
t he
� e c cn t ly ,
p r o g r o.m
ctsk ha i n e
als o
gov e r n o r
o t l1er
s t2tes
Pre s i d e n t
c r e <. t e
n e 1v
op
to
C ;'. l l e d
J o h n G on
o .c t u n i t i e s
.
( C on t i n u
g o v e rn o r s
�vho s e
d
for
on
N.u t i on-
f e d e rc.. l
c o n c e rn e d .
He
ldch
to
e li gib i l i t y f o r f �de r � l a i d
d i s t i n c t i o n CT he r e
the
�genc i e s
p r o Gr � ns
:
g ov e c 'l o r s
j ur i s d. i c t i on
f'� o u d J. y . . . e
s '-' i d
office
1
d i s c us s ed
be
to
��v e
will
p r o � r �m- - t l i s
e x c h�n g e
d i s t in c t i on be t w e e n
the
C ur t i s '
G o v .; r :1 or s
3 t ud e n t
tw� re s e rv�t i on s .
r ot
I n d ia n s
e l ifilin a t e
e
t
t he
of
e �c h
i
VT t :
i.:1 C r e
ds
S pr i 1i g .
the
e x c h2 , 1 g t:)
F i c l: o l n G
Jo �Mn
( l il.:e
e w le t t
Ac .: d e ill y .:�nd
P o s s ib l e hav i n g I n d i �n
P o s .s i b l e
1
·
cve ats
Fu t u r e
hc.v e
p oce
t�tc
e ve P t s .
1.
3.
4.
c c l: o 0 ls .
tLe s e
I n lu1 d .
2.
�t
�!e c.. n swe r c d q u ..; s t .:i.. o n s
,_t
Lo n g
2t
r;1 ] 1 i l e
he ld
;:h e r e
s t u d e n t -3
f or
L..
I n d i :-.. 1 • s
F�3e
9)
.l·
b�
,
tll ....
C ur t iG
.
s
n
In d i : n s
t L ib e 3
of
27 , 000
live
l1c.s w r i t t e n .
o n e - h c-; l f b i l l i oJ..
.
w.o v e .
t ! is
m e r i c �.u
B u t C ur t i s '
d o llc.r
office
s ai
�(9)
.A.S KL G •
I0
C u .a
( .- on tinu d
t ;- i s
be
· o n c y �r o u l d
o f t en
do not ..
C ur t i o
c
c �1,· a e l l e d
c o ; :: i z
t_
urge s V i c e
e
•
c.., )
- Xi s tJ.iJ g
t l r o u 6h
· · c t nt e "
•
Pc. _,, ..::
fro
In d ;
:.. :L! s
� e, := n c ie s
f .:: d c r L . l
"' l i .;; i b lc .
-_G
,
i ll.!
c;
c ::.1 s i d e r I n d i _ . n s
in Mc..i 1 e , w h e n
pro r c..I.13 � r e p lc..n e d b y t L e n e w l y c r e c. t e d N2. t i o n.:_ l C o u n c i l on I n d i e n
Opp or t un i t y .
Humphr e y ·.r -'. s
esi g n ci. t e d by Pr e s i d e n t Jo n s o il t o ll e u d t h e
on
r e s e rv .::. t i ons ,
s t '.:!. t e
n t L ur:.�.:pt r e y r e c \:: n t l:y
Pr e s i d
s u ch
the
ns
t hre e
c o un c i l
C u r t is
N e w York ,
addre s s e d h is
J oh n B .
N e ls o
�� e � l t o G o v s .
C on n :-_ l l y
1 i l l s r: .
o f T e xc.s ,
t-
r e s e r v c:-. t i on s
�
A.
R o cke f e lle r
of
o f V i r g i n ie: ,
Jr .
G o dHin
R ob e r t E . r·i cNc:-. i r o f S ou t l C &. r o li nc::· , Jol n H . C L c. f e e o f Rh o d e I s L :n d ,
John N . D e mp s e y o f C on1 e c t i c u t �nd R a ym o n d F . S 12 f e r o f
e n n s yl v �n ia .
( F r om P r e s s h e r «: l d ( AP ) , - o r t l, . n d ,
:.in e 4/16/08 )
C A..L
e
d ome d
c e i l L1 g
c.
me e t
g o v e rnme n t
Me..n n i n g
" i. .r .
� <:: id
12 ry
..
Hr ::; .
tl e
of
r
c ... _: n t
1
h e _. l t h ,
2 :::
is
the
L:·.V c. l l e e '
e
70
nn. t i 1 e
en
rnre
J.
f r om
d
e cho
D o 1 ov .... m R o s s ,
sh ou t ed
1... s
d own
to
I n d i .:-. n c:.. . nd L .e t i s n o wr n
g r i e v c.:. u c e s .
t l1e ir
h e r ·· ,
0. 1
1 ...... n n i n g "
uc.. n t
b u i ld i11 g T l: u r s d c:. y .... . f t c r n o on .
. t e ly 2 5 0
.1e
2nd r1 e ' ll s t c:.. y un t i l
see
h iLl , ; ;
G "tJOke sw . n .
.:; r o u1
S
T
· ir
t1:.n
l� e qd
" Je
of ,
Dr .
.c
r oxi: .
to
C ollli11 i t t e e
m.1
ON TRE !•iOVLJ
./OhC
.1 -
l e gis lc. t i v e
p e r s u.:-. d e
to
t r ie d
o
w.i;. i s t
lb e r t c ' s
he
·;he n
�
d n o .: t o n J o ur
i n s is t e n t
.::-.nd
in t e ns e
An
t
nn n . .
..n I _N
Tee
By �. l lill! Ke r ot::. c k ,
TREHG'i.'H
" s h ow o f
a
s t :.. . i n g
s t r ::; n g t h 1 1
f e de r 2.l
over o.
G o v e rru e n t c..nn o un c e rae u t t v t l e ""'" l t L s c r v i c e o on T n d i c.. n r e s e rv e s 1 o u l d
b e d i s c on t i . uc d .
:
_-r e r i e r . .c.. n in es · 1c.. s pr s e n t c d ..--1 i t h �. b ,r i e f -.nc i n f o r .. . e <l of t e
i !:pe d ing mc.r c h e -.r l i e r T h u:s s d -... y b y c. r ..; pr e s e n t . . t i v e gr o up f r o ·1 t h e
. lb c r t c. tr2 t iv e
! o e n ' s c on f e r e n c e i- r -· 5 e n t l y in s e s s i o 1 .:-. t t he iic.. y f � i r
E.o t - 1 .
crieG
r ;H o .1
in t li c
m�s c
pr o t e s t
t �e
n 2. t i v e
c or..L...i u
i t i e .s
the
Du r i n G
ri tli
d i gni f i e d
of :
c owe
r. -.v E:
tl
e
o ld
b u i �d in g ' s
lr 5 e . .>t
i n f'� .n t
11nlls
r�ng
m o r t .:i l i t y r o. t e
c ou . t r y ? "
c e n tury ;; o i n g t o o e t h e L.. .::-.me .:'. O t h e f ir G t f o r us ? "
i t �1 t !1 e
D r . R os s ' s s t .. . t e ue n t t �� ...--.. t 1 1 1 e c , n .n o t :_J o s s ib l y i n t e r f e r e \7
.
o e r v i c c s t;iv "' n b y t l1 e f e d e ru. l s o v e r 11 .e n t , 1 1 � -". • s d r m m e d o u t in c. c h o r u s
" ;Je d on ' t und e r G t c::n d y o u , D r . R o s s . G o ge t u s Pr c ui e r Lan n i n g . ; '
the
" Is
s e c o·1d
" If you ' ll
c · ·n
13 2.. i d D r .
do , •'
hilc
So
ic
Th e
f r ot1 t L c
t o f ..-.. c c
they
t o ok
..
\"1 :- i t
l on g t o
.
keep q u i e t
rr
t 1e
itcd
thv ir
c oc.. t o
.
pr e a i e r ,
i n s i CA. c
c. f t e r
b c.. l c ony ,
nn
,
• 1 01 e n
s<..1 g 0 C
f or
off
li t t le
,..,_
1.: il f':'
r ... s p e c t ,
nc::. d c.
s i e ge
I ' ll
11h a t
see
I
2.. n d G o d S c:: v e The IJ_ue e n .
b ut t h e y d i d n o t h c... . v e
uns u c c e s s f u l -. t t e w· t
t he s t a ps t o
d e s c e nd e d
to
;·
t .:-. lk
c.ke
to
h ius e l f
the
h e .:-. r d
\7 0i.ilen
fnce
SUR R I S:.'.:D
" L" d i e s 1 1 ,
r n;.le n t
R os s .
c.
-.n d s h o-.1
1 o
he
G ... . i d
d e c io io n
,
c.. s
; I \"J e
you
_tr e
as
-Jr .;
S ur l: ..... s e _:_
l
1
,
�. n c
u ·-,s � t b y t h e
_
f e d e r .... l
of
�/
( 10 )
Il D I AN
dOi !EN ;
( C o ;:i t i n u e d
" ie
n
the
ere
ifll e n
pr o v i a c e
d on ' t
us
t h ink
c.:. n d
1 1 He
s t r o .} gl y :p r o t � :::; t .:i. • J g
r e c e iv e d
I
2.n d w e
t� e
rf i l l
d e c is i on
not
ia
don
'
e- . l s o
m o r c.. l
t kn ov.r v1h y a
tLis
9)
c l . r, g e .
l.r ir e
;
Prill e
t ... e
r i gh t .
Tl i i s
the
ob l i g� t i on ? "
-:
i 'Th c
d on ' t
The
fe
·
Han t
to
out
die
pre ·1i e r
do esn
gov e r n · e n t
e r c:: l
c..
.1.s
replied :
1
t.
r e c.. l i z e
of
c an
C�'..i d
n e i tl
n t us ,
you
• 11
:1 r o r1g , 1 1
is
r<.. c e . "
"I
6 ov � r n · e n t
t e ll w e
2. o v e r n 1 J e n t s c:.y ·,1e
E' e d e r -. 1
it
r
to
c l t .. n t, e vms n o t pr o •:. o s e d b y
A v o i c e f r o:n t h e c r ow d C r.. l .i e d o u t :
1 1 . J e d :J ' t k n o v1 ·, 1h e r e we s t c ..r: d , i f
A n o t h e r v o i c e t o ok up t L e c ry : ·
We
t}_e
l1 1i n i s t e r
t , �·.n y o u ,.r e r c
c.. n y m o r e
11 1 L . y d o e s
b u t I d o k.:1 0v1
re cp o n s i b i li t y . 1 1
l e g2. l
•
I d i a c tis .... . d .:.. t · ;i t :.
,�
f
i n t \_; r c � d e .
c on s llte d
Cl
n o.. t i v e s .c::. r e o n l y
" Y o u c::. r e
to
to
Lr:..V 2 l l e e c. sl- e d :
i �r s .
"I
d e c id e d
ask 11im
·. I C r e
He
b rie
yo u r
•
f r o..i P .ge
1
e_
t
c.. 1 1
go
t he
doe s
pr e L.i e r .
t l". e
p r o v in c i al .
vu: y d o .:,rn t o
the
t o p r e .s e n t yo ur c a s e .
S o , i f y o u like , I v1 i l l r e p re s e n t y ou .
1 1 I ' 1 1 ..-1 i r e t he Pri1 e
J' i n i s t e r t o n i gh t .:. n d .:: s a o ow c::. s I ge t his
I n i l .L le t y o u kn ow r i gh t o. 1>1u.. y . 1 1
1 1 I t b e t t e r b e s o o n o r ·,v e ' l l b e b c:. c k . 1 1
s c i d i .r s . R o s e F c::.. u s t , n
O t t a1-m
ply
parri t e d
as
of
; , Y o u have
·
I
T Le y
one
of
ln d i e s ,
Pr e mi e r
L ... e ir
�n d
on
le f �
I will give
H '.nn L1g .
c::. c c e p t a n c e
t he
se
He l L . r e .
y o u :� i s
v oic e d
und
r: d m on t o n ,
ns
[.n s we r
s o on
t 1 1 .:'.. nks .
A l b e r t .:: ,
Then
3/1 5/68 ,
t l· e ir
b ui ld i n g .
t h e E d i Jo n t o n J o u rnc:-. 1 ,
( F r om
The
ab o v e
• 1i1 0 f1t:!.r t i c ipnt e d
d i s c us s i o n l e a d e r s i n t h e f ou r d a y c oL f e r e n c e i n B d � c n t �n .
s ub m i t t e d b y i lr s
r t i c l e wc:: s
as
. .r o rd ,
said
c l cppe d
t ur n e d
l i v in g
five ,
my
i t , 11
r e c e iv e
q u i e t ly
c
wo t h e r
re
i�e
.... n d r e ... .
.
( B e c:.r )
Ui c h o l ::i.s ,
OS EB lJD S I O UX I1' D IAN AC UU I 'I1'rr.D
1 9 - ye �r - o l d
¥ i l l i 2� S t � n d s ,
s t u d e n t , vrn.s
de lib e r a t e d
c h &r g e s
inno c ent
f o un d
h our s ,
f o r � e lv e
the
o f mur d e r � 1
f o rfile r Un i v e r s i t y o f S - u t h D �ko t a
The D o u gl 2..s C o un t y jur y
cl " rges . .
1:1 ur d e r
of
and
r e t urne d
2
o f V e rm i l l i on
deAth
verdict
of
j e we le r ,
inn o c dnt
Jade s
on
the
Ye � d o .
on c l 1. _ r g e s o f b ur g l.:-. r y
In
um r d e r rb r S t c. n d s .
D e c e m b e r c Yank t o n C o u n t y j ur y r as u n� b l e to r : c h � v e r i c t and Judge
T h o111as · /h i t e h <.Hk , S t ... : n d s C O J.tp ·' n i on ,
J .::u: es B :c n d y d e c l .::. r e d E _ rais t r i.:t l .
Iru;:ie d i n t e ly
c:-. n d
gr ".. n d
pleaded
die
he
in
gui l t y
the
will
c::. f t e rw.::-.. r d S t ..:t i d s
It
l ar c e n y .
to
the
e le c t r i c
the
on
S t - nds
tl e
�.JE_s
..., e c o n d
s lc:-_ yi n g N ov .
c hai r .
de f e n d S t nn d s
( Fr om t ! e
·.v.'.s
ne
;1
13
and
cl 'l.r g e .
sentenced
R-mon R o u b i d e aux ,
to
in d i c a t e d
•
S o ut t D - k , t a , 4/8/6 8 )
o f f e r ing
is
on
s ub s e q u e n t ly vv e. s
at t orn e y ,
R o s e b u d S i oux He ra ld ,
B e ui d j i B t.:-_ t e C o l l e g e
"T e e. c h i n g In d i .:in c . 1 1
ur�e s t e d
t r ic.. l
�:
c o ur o e
in
the
Spring
� u :1r t e r on
� nd
C ul t ur a l a n d B is t o r i c .::.. 3: b .:� c kgr o uu d o f -,� i n n e s o t & In d i , .n s , v a l u e s y s t e
c u r r i c ulum , d r o � o u t s , i Llp r o v i n g o r � l c::n d w r i t t e n c o m.nrnn i c c:: t i or
r e l a t i o n s wi t h p�r e n t s , t e a c h i ng s t r � t e g i e s , L�d d ofil o n s t r a t i on s � r e
the
c onte 1ts
self
i&inge ,
of
t�is
( F r om R e d lake
c ourse
•
•
•
•
Re s e r v.:, t i on Ne -; s ,
Re d
Lake ,
· inn . ,
3/22/68 )
�(11)
KE N JEDY MAKE S HI T �HTH Il'IDIAr�S
for
a
F LAG S TAFF ,
whi l e
Ar i z .
(AP )
S a turd ay .
- Sen .
Rob er t F .
And he had
t ime
ing o f h i s Democr a t i c pre s id e n t i a l
Ke nne dy p l aye d the nonc and id a t e
to r e f l e c t
on wha t
campaign a l l me ans
the
exp l o s ive o p e n
in the hard
t erms
o f po l
i t ic s .
H e a t e b r e ak fa s t w i t h Nava j o chi ldren and f o l l owe d by pre s id ing over
a S e na t e
s ub commi t t e e
pr e pa r e d
to
weeks
h i s d r ive
of
i n quiry in to
the prob l ems
te l l Ari zona Demo cr a t s wha t he has
to un s e a t
o f Ind ian educ a t ion .
found
in
The n he
the grue l ing
f ir s t
two
Pr e s id e n t John s o n .
Hop i s , Nava j o s , Ap a c he s , Papago s and Que chan s l i s t ened to the pre s id en t i a l
con t end er i n a l ar g e ha l l a t Nor t he r n Ar i zona Unive r s i ty , whe r e h e s a t b e fore
a wa l l - s i z ed Ind i an rug , rapped a pen on the tab l e for ord er , and tried n o t to
be po l i t i c a l .
But he cou ldn ' t re s i s t t he temp t at ion to t e l l t he t r ib a l l e ad e r s
a n d s ever a l hund r e d p e r s o n s in t h e ha l l tha t h e cou ld b e a l o t mor e he l p f u l
t o the Ind i a n s a s a pre s id e n t than a s cha irman o f a sub c ommi t t e e on Ind ian educ a t i on • • • •
Kenne dy heard
a b i t t e r a t t a ck on
ma tr iar ch and Nav a j o
Tr ib a l
ernmen t ' s hand l ing o f
he
t o ld
t he
s t ou t ,
Ind i an ch i l dr e n is
t e l l you t h a t
the p l i gh t o f
sh akeup
t he
Ind ian s
to
" j us t
Ann ie , "
the Bureau
to make Congre s s happy . "
s aid Ke nnedy ,
s t ar ted
the
day under
300
a t tend ing pub l i c s cho o l .
The New Y orker we n t
or d e r e d and
ate
cerea l ,
who has me n t ioned
s pe e c h and has
pr omi s ed a
and
wand e r e d
Sen .
he no t i ced
the
s ome pr ivacy . "
•
•
ab s en c e
tha t h a s
of
b a c on ,
" Thi s
through
orange
juice
the
cafe t e r i a
and
l ine w i th
a g la s s o f mi lk ,
a f e l l ow sub commi t t e e member, t hen
jus t i sn ' t
s a t i s f a c t ory , " Ke nnedy s aid ,
par t i t io n s b e twe en d o rmi tory b e d s .
" They de s erve
•
c lu s ter e d around Ke nnedy a s he mad e h i s roun d s o f t he
U s u a l ly undemon s tr a t ive ,
t aken
sunshine b y
the chi ldr en .
R-Ar i zona ,
dormi tory .
Smi l ing Nava j o s
d prmi tory .
of
Pau l F ann i n ,
t hrough t he
s p arkl ing Ar i zona
Nava j o ch i l dren from t h e n e a r b y re s ervat ion are
e gg s ,
then cha t ted w i t h s ever a l
He
as
compl ained t ha t
in a lmo s t every campa ign
the gov
" I ' m wi t h you ,
if he b e c ome s pre s i de n t .
The weary c and i d a t e
and
s he
f i l l a new s cho o l
I ' m no t happy , "
vi s i t ing a d ormi tory whe r e
them ,
Ind ian A f f a i r s by an Ind ian
Ann ie T;Jauneka , who s a id
an " ou t rage . "
co l or fu l ly-dr e s s e d woman a s
t ook c h i l dr en frcm the ir home s
" I c an
the E ur e au o f
Coun c i lwoman , Mr s .
the
they l e n t
a quie t new no t e
c and id a t e from one b o i s t e rou s aud ience
to
a c ampaign
t o ano ther t hroughout
the H e s t .
(From t he Ma ine
3/31/68)
Sund ay Te l egram ,
PRE S IDENT JOHNSON PRE S ENTS
IND IAN ME S SAGE TO CONGRE S S
" The F orgo t t en Ame r i can11
TO THE CONGRE S S OF
Mi s s i s s i p p i
THE UNI TED S TATE S , March
and U t a h -
Shenand oah •
•
s t a t e s and
s tr e ams and
•
The wor d s of
Hi s my ths
and
of
our
t he
dr ama and
be tween t he
the
two
F or
Cha t taho o c he e
- Appa l a c h i a and
- t he name s
of our
l andmark s .
two c e n tur i e s ,
c e n tur i e s ,
the
t he Har D epar tme n t ,
l i t er a ture .
the Ame r i c an
His
lore co l o r s
Ind i an has bean a
1871 ,
t he
Re l a t i o n s
t r ib e s wer e or i g ina l ly � n t h e hand s
fore i gn n a t i on s .
I t ha s b e e n o n ly
c i t i z en s h i p :
crat i c
the
s o c i e ty .
Unt i l
our ar t
symb o l
e ar l i e s t Amer i ca .
he has b e e n an a l i e n in h i s own l and .
Uni te d S t a t e s Governme n t and
as
the
Indian have b e come our word s
exc i t eaen t o f
of
6 , 1968 :
Po t omac and
and h i s hero e s enr i c h our
l anguag e .
B u t for
t he
44
year s
s i nce
t he Un i t ed
the
Uni t ed
S t a te s
22
years
(Con t inue d on
the
S t a t e s a ff irmed
fu l l po l i t i c a l e qua l i ty e s s en t i a l
I t has b e e n o n ly
tre a te d
the
12)
tribe s
Ind ian ' s
for human d ign i ty i n a demo
s i n c e Congre s s ena c t e d
Page
Ind i an
the
Ind i an
�( 12)
C l <t ims A c t ,
la .d .
(Cont inued from Page 1 1 )
t o a cknot·J l edge t h e l\!a t ion 1 s deb t to the f i r s t Amer ican s for t he ir
B u t po l i t i c a l e qua l i ty and compen s a t ion for an ce s t r al land s are no t enough .
The Amer i can Ind i an d e s erve s a chan ce to d eve l o p h i s t a l en t s and shar e fu l ly
in the future of our N a t ion .
The r e are ab o u t 600 , 0 00 Ind i ans in Ame r i c a today .
Some 4UO , OOO l ive
o n or n e ar re s ervat ions in 25 s t a t e s .
The rema i n ing 200 , 000 have mov ed to our
c i t i e s and town s .
The mo s t s tr iking fac t ab ou t the Amer ican Ind i an s today i s
t h e i r t r ag i c p l ig h t :
- F i f ty thou s and Ind i an fami l ie s l ive in un s ani tary , d i lapidated dwe l l
ings : many in hu t s ,
shan t i e s ,
- The unemp l oyment r a t e among
t e n t ime s
even aband oned au tomob i l e s .
Ind ians
the na t ional ave r ag e .
is n e a r l y
40 per ce n t - more than
- F i f ty p e r c e n t of Ind i an s cho o l chi ldren - doub l e t he nat iona l average
drop out be for e comp l e t in g high s c hoo l .
- Ind i an l i t eracy rat e s are among
the
lowe s t in the N a t ion ;
o f s i ckne s s a n d poverty a r e among t he highe s t .
-
the r a t e s
- Tho u s an d s o f Ind i ans who have migr a t e d i n t o t he c i t ie s f ind thems e lves
un trained for j ob s and unpr epared for urb an l i fe .
The aver ag e age
-
of d e a t h o f an Ame r i can Ind i an today is 44 year s ;
for a l l o the r Amer i c an s , i t i s 65 .
The Amer i c an Ind i an , on ce proud and fre e ,
t r ib a l v a l ue s ;
h i s tor i c cu l ture .
n eg l e c t and
is
b e tween the po l i t i c s and l anguage of
Hi s prob l ems ,
t o rn now b e tween wh i t e and
the wh i t e man and h i s own
s harpene d by years of d e feat and exp l o i t a t ion ,
inadequ a t e e f for t , wi l l t ake many y e ar s
to ove rcome .
B u t r e c en t l andmark l aw s - t he E c onomic Opportunity Ac t ,
and S e co nd ary Educ a t io n Ac t ,
g iven us an oppor tun i t y to d e a l w i th the per s i s t e n t pr ob lems of
Ind i an .
The
t ime has
l igh t en e d Na t ion ,
by and permi t
thi s
- have
the Amer i can
to focus our e f for t s on the p l ight of the Ame r i can
.
No en
the o t he r l aw s pas s ed in the l a s t few year s .
come
Ind i an through th e s e and
the E lement:ary
the Manpower D ev e l o pmen t and Training Act
no r e spons ib l e governme n t ,
no progre s s ive p e o p l e can sit
s ho cking s i tua t ion to cont inue .
id ly
I propo s e a new g o a l for our Ind i an programs : A goal t ha t end s the o ld
of Ind ian programs and s tr e s s e s s e l f -d e termina t i on ;
a g o a l t h a t e r a s e s o ld a t t i tud e s of pa t erna l i sm and promo t e s par tnership s e l f
d e b a t e ab out " termin a t ion"
he l p .
OUR GOAL IYlUS T BE :
- A s t and ard of
l iv in g for
the Ind ians e qu a l
to tha t of the coun try
a s a who l e .
- F r e e dom of Cho i c e : An opportunity to r emain in the ir home l and s , i f
they c ho o s e , wi tho u t surre nd er ing the ir d ign i t y ; a n opportun i t y t o
move to t he t own s and c i t i e s o f Ame r i c a , i f t hey choo s e , e qu ipped
1
wi th the sk i l l s t o l ive in e qua l i t y and d ign i ty .
- Fu l l p ar t i c ip a t ion in the l i fe of mo dern Ame r i ca , wi th a fu l l share
o f e co n omi c oppor·t un i ty and s o c i a l j u s t i c e .
in s hor t , a po l i cy o f maximum cho i c e for t he Ame rican Ind i an :
a p o l i cy expr e s s e d in programs of s e l f-he l p , s e l f -d eve l opment , s e l f -d e t e rminatio n •
� today
l aunch � und ivid ed , G ov ernmen t -wide e f fo r t in th i s �'
• • • To
I pro po s e ,
1
�
ing an Exe c u t ive Ord er to e s t ab l i s h a Na t i o n a l Coun c i l on Ind ian Oppor tun i ty .
-ent who wi l l br ing .
The Cha irma�t he Coun c i l wi l be the V i c e Pr e s
-The Coun c i l
t he prob l ems o f t h e Ind ians t o the highe s t l ev e l s of Governmen t .
wi l l inc lud e a cro s s s e c t i�n o f Indian le ader s , and h igh g overnmen t o f f ic ia l s
who have pr ograms in t h i s f i e ld • • • • The Coun c i l wi l l r eview F e d er a l programs for
Ind i an s , make broad po l i cy r e c ommend a t ions , and en sure tha t programs r e f l e c t the
l
id
Mo s t impor t an t , I have a ske d the V i c e
ne ed s and d e s ir e s of t he Ind i an p e op l e .
Pre s id en t • • • to make cer t a in t ha t t h e Ameri can Ind i an shar e s fu l ly in a l l our fed•
: 9 on tinueq on Page 1 3 )
er a l pr o g r ams • • • ,
:.<
�(13)
PP.E S IDENT JOHNSON PRE SEi'JTS •
( Cont i nue d from Pag e
12)
•
•
•
The p r o g r am I propo s e s e e k s t o promo t e Ind ian deve l o pmen t b y impr oving
he a l t h and e du c a t i o n ,
e n courag ing long-t erm e c onomic grow t h ,
and s t reng thening
commun i ty i n s t i t u t io n s .
Und e r l y ing
b e s t be
as
th i s program is
t h e a s sump t ion t ha t
a r e s po n s ib l e p ar t n e r in Ind ian progre s s by
a fu l l c i t i z e n ,
But
r e s pon s ib l e
for
the F e d e r a l governme n t c an
t r e a t ing
the r e c an b e no que s t ion that the governmen t and
Un i t e d S t a t e s
have
the
Ind i an hims e l f
t he pace and d ir e c t i on of h i s d e v e l opmen t .
a r e s pon s ib i l i t y
the p e o p l e o f t he
In our e f f o r t s t o me e t
to t he Ind ians .
t ha t r e s pon s ib i l i ty , w e mu s t p l ed g e t o r e s pe c t fu l ly t he d i gn i ty and t h e un i qu e
ne s s of
t he
Ind i an c i t i z en .
Tha t me an s par t n e r s h ip - no t pa terna l i s m .
W e mu s t a f f irm t h e r i gh t o f t he f ir s t Amer i can s
exer c i s ing the ir r i gh t s
o f cho i c e and
as Ame r i c an s .
s e l f -d e t e rmina t ion .
We mu s t
s e e k n ew ways
t o r ema in Ind i an s whi le
He mu s t a f f irm the ir r i ght
to prov ide F e d er a l a s s i s t an c e
to
to
f r e e dom
Ind i an s - w i t h new
empha s i s on Ind i an s e l f -he l p and wi th r e s pe c t for . In d i an cu l ture .
And
t ha t the
f l our i sh .
we
mu s t a s s ur e
the
F or
the f ir s t amo ng u s mu s t no t be
I ur g e t he Congr e s s
The
Ind i an p e o p l e
tha t i t i s our d e s ir e and
las t .
to a f f irm t h i s p o l i cy and t o en a c t
Jhi t e Hou s e
Page
i n t e n t ion
s p e c i a l r e la t i on sh i p b e twe en the Ind i an and h i s governmen t grow and
(See
'1arch lJews l t t e r ,
th i s program .
Lynd on B .
Pag e s
14- 1 5 :
John s o n
: ' Pre s id e n t Asks P l an for
Ind ians , : i
1 7 : 1 1 Cur t i s A s k s llliH To I n c l ud e Maine Ind ians in Program ,11 and Page 20 :
" S ta te Ind i a n s
- F orgo t t e n Pe o p l e . " - Ed . )
ORTHERN CHEYENNE ' S RECEIVE GRANT FOR CO:MMU NITY BUILDING
The Northe rn Cheyenne Tribe has
received a
$300 , 000
grant under the Neighbor
hood Fa c i li ti e s Pro ram o f t h e Department o f Hous ing and Urban Deve lopment t o
he lp finance a
e i ghbo rhood Center a t Lam e Deer , Hont ana ,
S e c retary Robert C .
ac cording t o Hous ing
.le aver .
The Fede ral grant will cover three �uart ers of the total e s timated pro j e ct
cost of
<P4.00 , 000 .
Vocational
The proposed c e nt e r will contain a Community Bui lding ,
uidance Building ,
rooms and wi ll s e rve
2 , 763
and a
iultipurpo s e Building , with a to tal of
·
reside nts o f the area .
a
37
It will o ffe r a pla c e for r e c reational , educational and so cial a ctivi t i e s
f o r which facili t i e s do not e xi s t or a r e lo cated from 20 to 100 mile s away .
It
wi ll g ive the l o c a l children , young adults , th eir parents and grandparents a
pla c e to e ng age in indoor sport s , wholes ome re creational activit i e s ,
and a s o cial li fe pre s e ntlJr unknown to many resident s .
provide a Day Care Cent e r fo r the
( From
Indian Re c orq,
i s Roland Clay ,
9,
U.S.
children of working mothers .
Dept .
o f Indian Affairs ,
ent e rtainment
Thi s facility will als o
Harch
1968 )
APACHE MOVIE STAR
s on c f �1r .
and H rs .
Felix Clay,
Canyon D am ,
Fort Apache Indian
Re s e rvation ,
Ari z . , who will c o -s tar with Gregory Pe ck and Eva Harie Saint in the
He was s e le c t ed
movie ' ' The Stalldng Moo n , 1 1 a suspens e drama s e t in the le s t .
from four Apa che Young s t ers who we re s creen-t e s t ed in Hollywood la s t D e c embe r ,
and has alre ady b e en " on loc ation" in the Valley of Fi re ne.ar Las Vegas , Nev . ,
as have 3 1 memb e rs o f the Jhite Mountain Apache Tribe who play supp orting role s
in the
film .
�( 11+ )
DIOCESE DIRECTOR O F INDIAN SERVICES APPOINTEM
( 1'he following letter was sent the three Tribal Governors , and others c oncerned ,
by Nei l D . Mi chaud , Adminis t rative Director of the Diocesan Bureau of
Human Re
lations Seri c e s , on April 1st . - Ed . )
As you know , His Excellency , Bi shop Peter L . Gerety, DD , has expre s s ed a
s incere des ire to a s s i s t your tribal people in whatever way possible .
Through
his pers onal interest s everal dioce san-sponsored programs have resulted , such as
last summe r ' s volunteer unit and currently the health programs .
Dental servi ces ,
c amping , educati onal and other programs are now underway .
Since November , 19 6 7 , the dio c e s e has recruited for a profe s s ional person
who c ould s erve as Coordinator for the se dioc e san�spons ored servi ces .
Obviously
the task is now more than can be handled by my o ffi c e .
An Advi s ory Counc il , made up of the Tribal Governors , Pre sidents of Parish
Coun cils , Pre sident and Di re ctor of Community Action Program, Chaplains , Sister
Carita s and the Commi s s i oner o f the State Department o f Indian Affai rs , met ·with
me s everal time s for day long s e s si ons to review the quali fications of the candid
ate s who applied for this post and then personally interviewed five who met the
requirement s .
I am happy to announce that with their c ouns e l , the diocese sele cted Mr .
Louis L . Doyle a s Coordinator o f the Bureau ' s Divi s ion o f Indian Servi c es .
Mr .
Doyle i s a graduate o f Boston Unive rsity where he re ceived his Bachelor ' s Degree .
He then completed his Maste r ' s Degree in Education at Harvard .
He has had several
years of experi ence as an educator and more recently served as "Dire ctor of a
Community Action program in Kentucky .
Both the Bishop and this Bureau believe .Mr . Doyle ' s primary obje ctive at all
times shall be to serve the Indian communities .
This obj e ctive can �e reached.
only if the Indians are continually involved in the planning of s ervi c e s which
are to be dioc e s an sponsored .
We would very much appreciate an opportunity to
formally introduce Mr. Doyle at your next Council me eting .
This would enable
us to review his dutie s with your pe ople .
·
�VIGWAM WEEKLY NEEDS HELP
The \l'ligwam Weekly, whi ch really is a bi-monthly , needs help !
The Wigwam Weekly i s a four-page mimeographed newsletter whi ch is put. out
each month by J ohn Larme , of Wi s cons i n , a VISTA Volunteer who is assigned to the
Indian Township Res ervation at Princeton .
The current i ssue includes teenage
news , CAP and Boy S c out note s , a readers ' forum, and a variety of news and notes
about the a ctivities at Princeton and Peter Dana Point .
Pre sent ly there are 50 subs cribers , many of them not resident s of the reser
vation , at one dollar for six months for 12 i s sue s .
Since it costs $8 to put
put an i s sue , the wigwam weekly ne eds your help .
One dollar s ent to J ohn Larme , VISTA Volunteer , Box 212 , Princ eton , ·Maine
04668 , will bring you the newsy Wigwam Weekly twi ce e a ch month and will give
J ohn a big boost in his e fforts to a s s i s t and inform during his VISTA time in Maine
( From . Maine OEO News , Augusta , Vol . I I , No . 2 )
MICMAC NAMES OF THE MONTHS
J anuary
February
March
April
May
June
-
Boonamooe-goos
Abuguna j i t
Segow-goos
.Punadumo oe-goos
Age s e -goos
Nibune -goos
July
August
September
October
November
December
Upskooe -goos
Kes agawe -goos
Maj owtoogwe -goos
Wegawegoos
Skoois
Ukchegoos
( Can
any of our
readers provide
a translatiion
of these names? )
�(15)
GRANTS TO BANDS PROGRAM
The Canadian Ind ian Affair s Branch has been operat ing a communi ty s ervice s
I t i s des igned to promo te and as s i s t
program for appr ox ima t e ly four year s .
the social deve l opme n t o f Ind ian commun i t ie s acro s s Canada .
Among the service s i t prov ide s is a financial gran t s program to aid Ind ian
Band s in the ir own admin i s trat ion .
To give some idea of the populari ty of
this program , the co s t r o s e from $ 6 6 , 8 9 2 in 1 9 6 5 - 1 9 6 6 to an an t i c ipated co s t
o f $ 54 9 , 000 for the 1 9 6 7 - 1 9 6 8 fi scal year .
Wi th the s e
The ide a i s t o deve lop s e l f -government wi thin the Band .
gran ts i t i s hoped t h e Band s w i l l be ab l e to emp loy and deve lop ind ividua l s
of good cal ibre who can t ake over the admini s trat ion of Band affair s under the
d irec t ion o f the Band Counc i l .
The program i s a l s o geared to enab le B and s t o take over programs such as
we l fare and the admin i s t rat ion o f fund s currently admini s t ered by the Ind ian
Where Band s are wi l l ing and ab le t o. take over
Super in tenden t in the s e ar eas .
thi s re s pon s ib i l i ty , tran s fers of the funds can be made dire c t ly to them, for
depo s i t in the ir ac coun t .
'
Band s hand l ing thi s money are making d e c i s ions that would o therw i se be
made by the Branch .
I f the Coun c i l wishe s , gu idance is avai l ab le in the p lan
However , it is the Band Coun c i l and no t the
n ing and exe cu t ion of de c i s ion s .
Branch that i s re spon s ib l e for the fund s used .
(From The Ind i an New s , Ot tawa , On tario , February 1 9 6 8 )
I ND IAN WOMAN ON WARPATH FOR DOGS
GROTON , Conn . (UPI ) - The s tate may have a figh t on i t s hand s if i t
tr i e s t o prosecute i t s c laim tha t the We s t�rn Pequo t Ind ian Re servat ion i n Led
yard is goin g to the dog s , a coup le of un l icensed canine s named " To o t s ie " and
" S andy . "
Mr s . E l i zab e t h "Grandma" Plouffe , a fu ll -b looded Pequo t Indian , s howed
up in Cir cu i t Cour t here Fr i d ay to answer charge s of own ing un l icensed dog s .
lhe case was con tinued un t i l Apr i l 5 to give her at torney t ime to r e s ear ch the
prob lem .
" The s t ate wan ts me t o pay taxe s , g e t a l i cen s e ,
B u t Gr andma was ad aman t .
We ' re no t supposed to pay any tax e s or l i cen s e
I gue s s , for Too t s ie and Sandy .
Thi s u p s e t s m e terr ib ly . "
money .
Mr s . Plouffe wa s arre s te d earlier this mon th at the reserva t ion by S ta te
D og Warden S teven Brown .
She s aid Friday she thought he should be arre s ted
for trespa s s ing on Pequo t land .
(From the Port land Evening Expre s s , 3/ 2 3 / 6 8 )
IND IAN CORN
"We have j u s t re
le t ter to the Utah F i s h and Game Commi s s ion began :
Your
ceived your 1 9 6 7 d eer hun t ing pro c lma t ion and are very exc i ted about i t
deer hun t ing pro c l amat ion shows that you have d ivided the area into s everal
hun ting are a s ; mo s t o f t hem are apparen t ly devo t e d to deer of e i ther sex and
some have buck-on ly d iv i s ions
We no t i ce bower that you have opened s e c t ion s 23C , 2 7C , 230 , 2 2A , 28C
N� i ther does i t advi s e
I t does no t say whi ch sex .
and 28D for Ind ian hun t ing .
general l i cense permi t s
u s whe ther i t ' s i n con tro l permi t s or
Plea s e
P. S .
D o you have any re s tr i c t ions on the Ind i ans hunt ing u s ?
send u s a copy o f t h e hun t ing order s you s e n t them . "
(From Spor t s I l lu s t�ated , 2/4/ 6 7 )
A
•
•
•
•
• • • •
•
•
�ir 1;r E �\%;� 1r � ' � ,;.::1
�
1/,
lll
INDIAN RESERVAT IONS BOND ISSUE
At the June 17th Pr imary El ect ion , vot ers in Maine will be asked to express
their opinion on three referendum qu estions . The first of these is :
nSHALL THE STATE PROVIDE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MODERN IZATION OF SCHOOL
FAC IL IT IES AT THE THREE IND IAl RESERVAT IONS AND CONSTRUCT WATER AND
\I
SEWAGE FAC IL IT IES AT INDIAN TOWNSH IP RESERVAT ION IN PR INCETON BY
ISSU ING BONDS IN THE AMOUNT OF $384 , 000 , PASSED AT THE SECOND SPEC IAL
SESS ION OF THE 103RD LEGISLATURE? "
This is the f irst t ime in the history of Maine that there has ever been a separate
bond is sue quest ion pertain ing to the stat e ' s " f irst c it izens " - the Penobscot and
Passamaquoddy Indians - and we hope that you and your friends will give t his their
most serious cons iderat ion .
If approved , this bond issue would provide $249 , 000 to the Stat e Dept . of
Educat ion for the construct ion o f clas srooms and mult i-purpo se ( l ibrary , cafet eria ,
et c . ) rooms f o r the 3 Reservat ions' s chool s , a t t h e Pleasant Po int , Indian Township
and Penobscot Res ervat ions . A c cording to Educat ion Commiss ioner William T . Logan ,
Jr . ' :
"Th e s e fac il it ies are c r it ically needed , s in c e the buildings pres
ently in use are overcrowded , unsafe , unsanitary , and generally not
suitable for hous ing s chool children . They are actually some of the
poorest school fac il it ie s in the ent ire Stat e . "
,
This s chool c onstruct ion would make po ss ible new kindergarten programs , provide
space for adult educat ion cla s s e s and night study-hall s , eliminate pres ent over
'
crowding and redu c e the currently h igh t eacher/pupil rat io .
The r emaining $13 5 , 000 in the bond issue would provide the Dept . of Indian
Affairs with 30% of the cost of construct ing adequate wat er and . s ewage fac il it ies
for tho s e resident s of the Indian Township Reservation l iving near Princeton . The
remaining 70% of such cost is available from the Federal government , if the Stat e
share is approved .
Indian Commiss ioner Edward C � Hinckl ey has stat ed :
110f the approximately 25 buildings in this area of · the Res ervat ion ,
hous ing some 100 Tribal membe�s , only 2 homes have indoor bathroom
fac il it ies . Provis ion of an adequat e , suitable potable wat er supply
and waste dispo sal system is a c r it ical prerequis ite for hous ing pro
grams currently be ing init iat ed by the Tribe and badly needed . in this
area . "
( Cont inued)
�ture :
Following are some pert inent quotations from test imony to t he 103rd Legisla
11This is t he mo st v ital t hing , I think , that we can do if we are
going t o claim we are doing something for the Indians . :
I t h ink
the e ducat ion of the Indian is what we all feel will improve their
lot . 11 ( S en . Herald J . Beckett , R -Washington County )
•
• •
"You and I , I bel iev e , have both a moral and legal respon s ibil ity to
provide the min imum amount s reque sted in this bond issue . We must
not , now or ever , in our act ions as c it iz ens or legislators , neglect
to provide a bare min imum of l iving and educat ional fac il it ies for
underprivileged c it iz en s in our stat e . This is sue , to me , is an im
portant is sue and not to be t aken l ightly . "
( S enator J . Hollis Wyman , R-Washington County)
" I think we should real ize that this is about the only chance t hat
the Indian Reservat ions in ashington C ounty ( and Penobs cot County )
Let ' s let t he Indian have
will be able to get really what they need
an opportunity to have a bond is sue out t here with t he rest of them. "
( S enator Peter J . Farley , D-York County)
• • •
Other legislators spoke as well ; the bond issue pas s ed the Senat e 29-0 and the
House 122-7 .
Governor Kenneth
M.
C rt is , speaking of the bond issue , said :
" If state government - and I mean the legislat ive as well as execut ive
branches - is go ing to represent it s elf as conc erned about the educa
t ion of our young , I don ' t see how we can ignore the dismal plight of
our Ind ians , not only because t hey have to attend the poorest s chool s
in our stat e , but because they al so liV.e under the most trying c ircum
stance s pos s ible . The State o f Maine has the pr ime re spons ib il ity for
improv ing the l iving condit io�s of our fellow c itizens res iding on res
ervat ions . I hope that all Ha ine legislators and c it i zens will use their
vo ice s and t he ir vot e s to meet our respons ib ility to our Indian children . "
Because of your previou sly-expressed int erest in Indian affairs , this mat er
ial is being s ent to you in hopes that you will bring it to the att ent ion of your
assoc iate s , on behal f of the Pas samaquoddy and Penobscot Indians of Maine . Thank
you for your att ent ion .
'/
<.;f. _,,
/'
---f ' -�
,
I
/..,,, f_,,: .
,,-
G Jvernor John St evens
Indian Towns hip
R eservat ion
-:;
•I
..,I
"
,,
I}
...
l
I
'
--,
I
/.
·
v
. I :jII -y;:� , . /J
/
·
{_.:_ _/../., - -7,,.u:,
-·-f
l
or Joseph Mitchel
/fGovern
: ;'Pleasant Po int
Res ervat ion
J
._
f
,
I
�/
Governor John Mit chel l
Penobs cot Res ervat ion
�( 18 )
FUTURE MAINE IND IAN LAWYERS?
Last month 1 s N ewslett e r , o n Page 6, de s c ribed the s e co nd year o f a spec ial
pro gram offered by the Univers ity o f New Mexi co .
The pro gram, supported by
s c ho l ar sh ip s , is int ended fo r Indian student s who have completed at le ast two
ye ars of co llege and will consi st o f an eight-week "pre-law" program , b eginning
June 17t h .
Suc c e s s ful student s who have complete d their under-graduate college
e du c atio n can b e c o n s idered fo r entrance to law s cho o l as regular student s in
the fall, with cont inuing s cholar ship as si stance .
Applic ations for the summe r
progr am will also be a c c epted from Ind i an stud ent s who have graduated from college
dur ing the past five ye�r s .
The purpo se of th e progr am i s to en courage Indi an s t o enter law s chools and
to h e lp them
bt ain this obj ective .
.
In early Apri l , Maine 1 s Ind i an Commi s sione r Edward Hinckley r e c e ived letters
from Unive r s i ty of New Mexico Law Pro f e s so r Fred eri ck M . Hart and from Dean Edward
S . Godfrey o f the University of Maine Law School in Portland .
Prof e s sor Hart wrot e : 11We are mo st intere sted in · attracting student s from
all are as o f the c ountry and I would greatly appre ci at e any h elp that you could
give us in publi c i zing . thi s pro gram in your state . "
Dean Godfrey wro te : "We are willing to part i cipate in the program to the
extent o f re commendi ng a full tuitio n s c ho larship for a qu al i fi ed Indian who has
gone through th e New Mexi co summer program and who i s accept ed for admi s sion at
th e Uni ver si ty of Maine Schoo l of Law. "
Although complet io n of the N ew Mexi c o program by an appli cant do e s not , in
itnelf,
(
guarante e admi s s ion to th e University 1 s Law Schoo l .. or to any Law School,
)
fo r t h at matter ,
th e t�n
lett e r s take n t o gether indic ate that a Maine Indian
college s tudent , wh o is othe rwi se quali fied ,
should be abl e to b e come a lawyer
If there
with the e xp e nditure of co n sid erable ·hard work but very little cash.
are n• M ai ne Indian colle ge stud e nt s pr e s en t ly eligible fo r the se opportuni tie s ,
perhap s the y may b e fo und in futu re years - the
o
ortunit
i s availabl e .
Las t summe r 1 s pro gram i n New Mexico accepted 1 8 Indi an student s
i ng 13 Tri b e s
).
repre sent
Nine o f the se 18 were e li gible for Law S chool achni ssi o n last
September and 7 were a c c epted and are now regular law student s .
YOUNG PASSAMA�UODDY SAYS
LACK OF COMMUN ICATION IS IND IAN STUMBLING BLOCK
by Kent Ward
PLEASAN T POINT - Wayne · Newell i s 26, arti culate and Indian .
Early in his
li f e whi c h began i n a mo de st home o n the Pas samaquoddy Ind i an Re servation here
in
he de cided he wanted t o some day make a living in t elevi sion and radio .
1942
To p repar e him s el f he spent long hour s in fro nt of an old phonograph - his mvst
pri zed po s s e s si o n .... practi cing " di sk jo ckey. "
The pers erver an ce pai d off .
Aft er graduating from Shead Memorial High
School at Eas tport he b e c ame one of the f ew members of his tribe to go on to_ col
lege .
A year at Ri cker Colle g e ,
Houlton, was fo llowed by a p eriod at Emerson
Colle ge , Bo ston, a training ground for t ho s e interested in entering the communic
ations fie ld .
Be c au s e of his poor eye s i ght , the young ?ass amaquoddy knew he
never c ould b e come an c;umounc e r .
So h e t rained as a te levi sio n cameraman and
hired on l't-th a Bango r t el evi sio n statio n .
Th e work h a s b e e n rewarding and i t h a s helped rekindle in Newell a conviction
effective �orking rel ationships b etween Indians and ·
that th e chief barri er to
non-Indians
is a la ck of communi c ati o n .
So Wayne Newell is about to go back
home t o wo rk wi t h hi s people as a repre s ent ative o f th e Ameri c an Fri ends Servi c e
Commit t e e , 1 a non-profit Quaker organi z at i o n active i n pe a ce and race relations , .
as well as pro g r am s o f so ci a l and t e chni cal a s si stanc e .
( Continued
o n Page
19 )
�(19 )
(
1$)
Continued from Page
H e will wo rk mainly with youth, trying to s e ll them on th e im _ o rt an c e c f
a t le a st a high s choo l educ at ion .
Seventeen young Passamaquoddy youth s att end
She ad Memori al High S cho o l in Eastport ; another seven attend Prin c eto
n Hi gh
Six are e nro lled in elementary s choo l at Eastport
Schoo l .
wh ile anothe r
attend Princ eton element ary s choo l s .
Ind i an parent s have
he option of s e nding
the ir chi ldr en to elem e nt ary s c hool on the reservation s o r to publ i c s choo l s out
side , with the stat e paying the tuitio n .
- Be c au s e o f crowded co ndition s at th e r e s ervation s chools
more parent s are
oking toward Ea stpo rt and Pri nc eton elementary s choo l s to f
fill their young
ste r s ' educ ation need s .
However, th ere are not too many Wayne Newell ' s o r
17
t
ui
1
George Wi seman 1 s , an Indian youth who graduated from Princ eton High S c hoo l last
year and i s now attending St . Francis College , Biddefo rd .
of th e
Mo re than
Pas s am aquod di e s attending high s chool drop out befo re graduat io n , o ne Downea�t
edu c ato r e st
at e s .
Mu ch o� t hi s h as to b e blamed on the pe rmi ssive attitude
on t:1e part of too many parent s , he says .
If Johnny wants to dro p out , he dro p s
o u t , and no t t o o much parental ob j e ction i s vo iced .
Wiseman i s t he f i r s t Pati s a
maquoddy to g raduate f rom Princ eto n High S choo l since the e arly
s.
90%
:ini'
But ther e ' s a r ay o f hope s hining _ through,
1950 1
s ays Princ eton Supe rintendent
" I can se e a d ifferent at titude in the s e c h i ldr en over five ye ars
Philip Ro s s .
ago whe n I f i r st c ame here , 1 1 he says , " and hope fully we c an b reak thi s cycle • • • • 11
He c redi t s the improv ed atti tude to the inauguration o f an adult edu c ation cour s e ,
anti-poverty and self-help progr am s , and th e influence of c hurch group s w:::i rking
on th e re servat ion s .
Al though Irrl ian youngsters may attend school anywhere i n t he st ate ,
too many stray f ar from the r e servation .
John Bap st High S c ho o l , Bango r , last fall .
not
Three Passamaquod di e s enrol le d at
But they soo n g ave in to a combina
tio n o f home si ckne s s and s tiff academic requi rements and are among th e seven
Indians now attending Pr in ceto n Hi gh .
We are all pretty proud
"Our b ig fe ar i s that we will lo s e our identity .
that we are Ind i ans wi th a de finite culture , 11 Wayne Newell, who r e cently took a
" I am
"Fi rst , I am an Indi an, 11 he continued .
non-Indian b ri d e , po int ed out .
not go i ng to lo s e my i d e ntity and b e come a pet of a non-Indi a'.n.
to give
the
I am not .
me . 11
I don ' t want
impre s sio n that I am bitter against non-Indi an communitie s , b e c ause
I
ju st want my identity and don 1t want anyone to take it away f rom
Newell do e s n ' t hold any brief for tho se - like ex- Indi an agent Arnold Davis
o f Jonsebo ro - who f e e l that Mai ne Indi ans were better off und e r the juri sdiction
of the State Department of Health and Welfare than under the fledgling Indi an
The c hief role of Ind ian a gent s under th e fo rm e r setup , h e
Affair s Departm ent .
charg e s , was s imply t o di spense welfare to Ind i ans - handout s th at were admin
Later in an apparent
i stered by men "who di dn t t have a feeling for the Indi ans . "
co ntradi ction he prai sed the late Hiram Hall, a Pa s samaquoddy Indian agent for
many ye ars, by acknowledging ,
come t hi s f ar • • • • "
" If it hadn ' t b een for him I po s sibly w:mldn ' t have
The Dep artment of Indian Affairs is o nly two year s old and it • s hard to
" But for th e first
a s s e s s i t s c o nt r ibut ion at thi s point , Newell beli eve s .
time some co nt ro l is b e ing given to Indi an s so they c an do something fo r them
I think a lot o f
selve s ins t e ad of for ev e r being known as wards of the stat e .
Wh o want s to b e known a s a
do thi ng s fo r themselv e s .
people a t home want to
ward of the s t at e ? "
Continuing , Newell blam e s the s t ate " fo r no t h aving an
Irx:i ian Department e arl ie r , and some Ind i an s for not re alizing that there is a
11
whit e wo rld around us and w e h ave to adj u st .
In 20 ye ars h e pred i c t s "you are go ing to see that Indians will be inde
Ad
ing for them e lv e s and no t depe ndent upon the s tat e • • • • 11
pt.ndent pe opl e c
d any in furthe ring
mitting that divi sive factions in tribal poli tic s h ave not h elpe
Cont inue d o n Page
�
;
(
20 )
�(20 )
YOUNG PASS.AIVl.AQUODDY SAYS •
( Continued from Page
19 )
• • •
the c ause o f the Indian, Newell points to v arious anti-poverty programs now i n
for ce o n t h e reservations a s a po s si ble salvation .
Community Action Program
( CAP ) whi ch h a s sparked a rrumber of pro j e c t s such as s ewing clas s e s and Scouting
pro gr ams
11fo r the fir st time is totally Indi an.
I t hink Indians want it , and
th ere is a no te of optimism i n tne air.
Something is h appening down there (on
the r e servation ) , 1 1 Newell point s oui;. .
In addi tio n, a revival of int erest in Indian lore is t aking pla c e thanks
to Eastport b arber Joe Ni chol as and other o ld er Ind i ans .
Young Pas samaquoddie s
are b e coming more aware of their heri tage . · "A lo t o f people expect miracl e s
150
but t h e y a r e no t going t o get them .
What h a s taken t h e st at e
years . to de s
troy you c an 1 t build up in two or three ye ars .
The state ' has to c arry
per
cent o f the bl ame , " Newell emphasi z ed in a r e cent interview.
,,
75
That vi ew has be come prevalent among the Pas s amaquo ddi e s in the last few
year s sin c e Eas tpo rt attorney Do n Cote sworth Ge llers has been ri ding hard o n
th e civil rj ght s i s su e while preparing a l aw suit f o r
million against the
C:o1 ru11ou wealth of M a s s o.�hu s etts, charging violation of a
treaty - a tr eaty
whi c h Gelle rs c laims the St ate of Maine has continued to violate since it broke
away from the Bay State in
$150
1794
1820.
Acco rding to Newell, Ind i ans are "very optimi stic " about the outcome of the
law suit .
1 1 Let it be b rought to tlie court s , and hopefully, true justi ce will be
served, " he comment ed, adding, of Geller s , " I think he ' s barking up the right
tree • • • • "
Th e resolvi ng o f the suit in favo r of the Indian s would go a long way
toward eliminating the d i s crimination which Newell charge s exi st s in r e spect t o
Indians i n Washington Count y .
"People h er e i n Mai n e t alk ab out discrimination
against th e Negroes in Mi s si ss ippi but we have it in Washingto n County with the
Indi ans in j ob opportuniti e s and other are a s .
That turns me o ff .
If we are
go iri
.g to be Ameri cans we should all h ave th e s ame right s and privilege s, 1 1 he de
c lared .
Let non-Indi ans und e r st and one thi ng , however - the Indian doe sn ' t intehd
to be a s s imil ated i nto a white so ci ety, as an answer to the so-c alled Indian
"p roblem . "
" The majori ty of Indians don ' t want to live in a white community .
What Ind i an s want mo s t is to g et rid o f d eplo rable living condition s , " the young
thinker po int e d out .
It mak e s him angry wh en non-Indi ans ch arge Indians with
exce s si v e drinking and " judge us by a few alcoholi c s . "
Drinking on the re serva
t io n s i s a pro b lem, he a dmit s , while pointing out that the pro b lem is no t unknown
in white communit ie s .
" Th e drinker s , by and l arge , d on 1 t wo rk and they give the
r e s t a bad name �
• • • "
Wayne Newell is an angry - b ut c ert ainly not unreasonable - young Ind ian
abo ut t o go on the warpath agai ns t t h e ills whi ch he re ali z es permeate hi s society.
Hi s war clubs in h i s new job do wn o n the r e s ervation will be education and an in
bo rn desi re to do s omething to b etter the lot of his people .
To p araphrase the hai r toni c commercial - Wayne Newell came back .
in t ruth, h e r e ally neve r left .
(From the Bangor Daily N ews,
But,
4/10/68.
This was the fi nal article i n a
The fir st article fo cus e d on the views o f a
three-p art s e rie s by Kent Ward .
the s e cond on the
fo rmer Indi an agent , M r . Arnold Davis of Jo ne sboro
ide as of Maine ' s Commi s si o ne r of Indian Affai r s , Edward C � Hinckley
Next month t h e N ewsletter will r eprint a fourth article by Kent Ward , whi ch fo cus
es on the opinions of two more Pass amaquoddy Indi an s from Pleasant Point , now
(4/8/68) ;
(4/9/68) .
working in Bangor - Mr . Raymond J. Moo re and Mr . Peter Mit ch ell . - Ed . )
OFFICE OF E CONOMI C OPPORTUN ITY
Indi ans o n Federal r e s erva
p e r c ent o f th e
programs are n�w r eaching
Mere than
tio n s , a c c ording to outgo ing · . . · OEO di rector Sargent Shriver .
trib e s are carrying -out planning programs with OEO ai d .
80
400, 000
100
�MAINE I ND IAN
NEWSLE TTER
Freepor · , �1; i n e
Pine S tree t
Ob · "3 '2
NEW SUBSCRI PTION POLICY
EFFECTIV E JANUARY 1 , 1 9 68
[i
vi {I
,•
. ·.
�
i .
\"·
('-�
iL
\.-
Beg inning in January , the f o l lowing
sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s wi l l be charged
/
for a 1 2·month sub s cr ip t ion to the /
.
MAINE IND IAN NEW SLETTER
.
\
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/} ·; ,;
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'
,
;.../. :.�/ J:�. J / /
i
/::> J/P
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I-
.
.
I
Indian
- FREE
Non- Ind ian (Regular )
$ 2 . 00/year
"
(Contr ibu -:ing )
$ 5 . 00/year
"
( Suppor t ing)
-$ 1 0 . 00/ye ar
(Life't ime )
- $ 5 0 . 00
I
\
i
I
.
•) f)
·'
".!
d I·:·�
•
•
I f you are a NON-I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , fi l l o u t and s end i n the sub s cr ip t ion s l ip (be low ) W I TH the appropr iate amoun t .
Your sub s cr ip t ion
wi l l beg in with the next ava i l ab le
is sue af ter your sub s cr ipt ion is
r e c e ived .
The addr e s s labe l s ind icate the s ta tu s
of your sub s cr ipt ion . . " I-F" me.an s
" Indian-Fre e . "
The abbreviat ion of a
mon th (JAN) i s the t ime - next year your sub s cr i p t ion fee wi l l again be
� � !ill,! � !!!, ind ividual
due .
expira�ion not ice , !2 � �!
-:- ---- -- ----�-- .. - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - ... .. .. . .. _ .. _ __ .. _ _ _. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .. _ _ ., _ _ _ _ .. _ __.. .. . .. .. _ _ .,. _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ .
I wou ld l ike to rece ive regu l ar month ly i s sues of the Maine Indian News let ter :
NON-I ND IAN·_
DATE
_
ADDR ESS
S ta t e
Z I P Code )
INDIAN__
TRIBE-------
( S tre e t , or Po s t Office Box )
(Ci ty
�----�----
AMOUNT ENCLOSED : $
_
__._
_
_
_
Sub s cr ip t ion rate s : Ind ian -0- ; Non-Indian - $ 2 (Regu lar ) , $ 5 {Con tr ibut ing ) ,
$ 10 ( Support ing ) , $ 50 (Li fe time )
·
Send t h i s s l i p , with your sub s cr ip t ion charge , if app l icab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSL E TTER
Pine S tr e e t , Freepor t , Maine
04032
- - - - - - - - - - - ...- - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Don ' t forge t your ZIP Code !
-.. �------ - - � --� ... .... -
..
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Pine
BULK RATE
U .S.
Str eet
F r eep• r t ,
Maine
14
POSTAGE
3 . 6¢ PAID
32
Freepert ,
Maine
Permit N• . 33
ADDRE SS CORRECT ION
REQUESTED
L ibr ar y
Co lby Co l l e ge
ge
C o lby C ol le
04 90 1
in•
Wa ter v i l le , Ma
JAN
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (April 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-04
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-461
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/39be5dd84602c9fd9f577e5bd2559052.pdf
068a3f1bda79fdd0af9f2a3a22fc9249
PDF Text
Text
��������������������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (April 1969)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Bowdoin College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1969-04
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Siobhan Senier
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
June 3, 2016
Format
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pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-368
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/c9a106967d9492251c574cc37ebdbf5d.pdf
f2bdfc0fed7392db84e63a0913a9adf7
PDF Text
Text
MA
IN
E IND
I AN
-� E W· �
t �TT.ER
.
v·
VOLUME
5
.·
••
.NUMBER
4
rv1ki l
�
Iv
/
!
":. °COLBY "COL
AN INDIN
A
�
APRIL
1972
.PRAYER
We hold in our hands fourteen strings of .purple wampum.
These we
hand one by one �o you--authors of many American history books, wri
ters of cheap, inaccurate� unautheritic, sens�tional novels,··and other
writers of fiction who have poisoned the minds of young Americans
conc�rning our people, the red race of America to producers of many
western cowboy and Indian television programs and movi.ng picture·
shows, to those treaty breakers who delight in dispossessing Indian
people by construct1ng dams on Indian lands in violation of sacred
treaties, and to those of this.
Our country, who are prone to build
up the glory of their ancestors on the bones and life blopd of our
people.
With this first string of wampwn we take the fog that · su�rounds
your eyes and obstructs your view�hat you may see th� tr�th con
·
cerning our people.
With this second string of wampum we pulJ,. .away from y·our · impris- ·
·
,
.
\
oned minds the cobweb nets that prevent you from d��ling justide to
our people.
.
With this third string of wampum we cleanse ·your nearts· of revenge,
selfishness, and injustice that you may create.. love· instead of ha.te
'
With this fourth string of wampum we · wash the bl�od of our.people
from your hands that you may know the clasp of true friendship and·
sincerity.
With �his fifth strin� of . wampum we shrink your heads down to that
·
of a normal man� we cleanse your minds· of .the abnormal conceit and
love of self that has caused you to walk. blindly among the dark
.
·
peoples of the world.
· .. . With this sixth .. s-tring·of wampum we remove your garments of gold,
.
silve� �nd greed_ "that you may don the apparel of generosity, hos
,
•
.
pitality, and humanity.
With.this seventh string of wampum w�· re�ove the dirt that fills
your .�ars , so that y.ou may hear the strong story and the truth of our.=·
.
·
people.
·
.
. .
With this eighth string of w_arnpum .we straighten your tongues of':·
.
_
crookedness that in. ·the future yo.u may s:peak the truth" co'ncerning
tndian people·..
.
.'
.
.
.
_
.
Wi:th this ·ninth ·s"t!ring of wampum we ta,ke away the dark �lp��s -�roni
.
the face of the sun that its rays· may pu.ri'fy your thoughts, .that y_ou ·
·
may look forward and see· Ame.rica instead of backward· toward Europe.
.
.
With this terit.h string of wampum we brush away the roue::h �tones
and sticks from your path that you may walk erect as the first
American whose name you hav0 .<lc.l'amorl �rhl wl1osc <.;011.utr,x you now
occupy.
(Con�� on pa,g��2)
.
�( 2)
( I NDIAN PRAYER
•
•
•
CONT. )
With th is eleventh string of wampum we take from your hand your
implements of d estruct i on , �ns, bombs , f irewat er , d iseases , and plac e
in them inste ad--the p ipe of fr i e ndsh ip and peace that you may sow
brotherly love rather than b it t er hat e and injust ice
W ith th is twe � veth string of wampum we bu ild you a house w ith many
.
wind ows and no mirrors that you may look out and se e the l ife and
purpose of your ne arest ne ighbor , the Americ an Ind ian .
Wi:th this t hirt e enth str ing of wampum we t ake d own the wall of
st eel and st one that you have built around the ( tre e of pe ace, ) that
you may t ak e shelt er beneath its branches .
With th is fourt e enth str ing of wampum we tak e from the hen coop
the e agle t hat you have imprisoned that this noble b ird may once aga in
f ly in the sky over Amer ica .
I , Te-ha-ne - t o -rensJ say th is .
•
*
*
*
*
*
*
--from the Akwesasne Mohawk (S t . Re� is) Pamph l � t
*
*
*
*
*
*
BA XTER STAT E' PARK
NATURALLY WILD
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
�ill be a re ward ing , memorable
e xper i enc e .
( Ed . N ote: Yes , we owe th is ma�
Baxt�r Stat e Park is a w ild er
n if icent gift t o Percival Baxt er
n e ss preserve of more than 200 , 000
who w ishe d not to pre serve the
acres - mount a inous woodland , ponds Peno bscot's r ightful ownersh i·p of
and streams . Dur in� a period of
the land , but w ish e d t o preserve
more than JO ye ars the former Gov
it for recre at ional purpose s .
ernor, Perc ival Baxt er, bought par Th e Penobsc ot's purpose of land
ce ls of this land and d e e d e d it to
was and is f·or :sacred ·c er'emon ial
be h e ld i n trust by the State of
purposes . Perhaps one day soon
Ma ine , for the benefit of the pe ople t h is land and other land will be
" as a st at e forest , pub l i c park and retti�nea to �he Nat ive pe o ple . )
for public re cre at ional purposes t o be k e pt in its natural w ild st ate * * * * � * * * * * * * * * * * *
and as a sanc tuary for w i ld beasts
and b irds . "
THOMPSON TALES
This magn if i c e nt gift to t he· ·
pe o ple of Maine includ es 46 moun
Penobsc ot Tr ibal Court ·
t a i n pe aks and ridg·e s , d ominat ed
by the impos in� Mt . Katahd in w ith
Judge lam Oro.n o ope ne� the .
Ma i n e 's.h ighes� po int (4, 267 . f e e t ), spring sess i on of. Penobsc ot Tribal
Baxt e r P e ak , name d in hon or' of h im
Court with a · reminder that Wi'n oo
whose fores ight and generos ity
c h es not be granted perm iss i o n .t o
preserve d· for man, as well as· an
gather any food from the land of
the Nat i on. " He expla ined to t he
imal , . t·his sanc'tuary from the
Pe opl e that t o o many p lants were
e ncroachm e nt s of what is c all e d
da.rnage d arid m is hand l e d'r' many root.
" c i v i 1i z a t i on .
Baxt er Peak is· also the northe rn syst ems ·were were d isturbed : and
:
mangled , and the paths l e ad ing to
t erm inus of the fame d Appalach ian
the ·�food we:re · · le .-ft d irty and
Trail�· by act of ·Con�ress , ( now
messy . He fett that the amount
known as the A ppalachian Nat i o na l
o� t im e it would tkk e to teach
S c en ic. Tra i 1 ) , a 2 , _000 m i le· fo" o t ·
the W ino o c he s about food was t oo
tra il from Main e to Ge orgia . Ten
gre at. Judge Orono c onclud e d
mil e s of t h is trail are in Baxter
t hat t h e Peo� l e ' s purpose was t �
Park .
I f y�u love the �h ings of nature , l ive and n o t t o try t o c hange
( Cont. o n page 17 )
a c am ping vac at i on in Baxt er Park
" ·
�(3)
� Q I ! Q R I � 1 =s=E:c:T:I:o:N:
organ izat i ons , the Un ivers it y
dec i d e d to drop thP. use o f t h e
MAINE INDIAN t-JEWSLETTER
sym bo l .
EDITORs ( Mrs . ) Eugen i a T homps on
But t h i s i s on ly the f i r s t i n
Pe n obs c ot
a l o n g l in e o f at h l e t i c t e ams
wh i c h.e x p l o i t I nd i an pe o p l e ' s
N ews a n d stor i es may b e subm i t t e d
v e ry name , and d e s e c rat e i t .
The
t o t h e Newslet t er for pub l i c at i on
o t hers are w e l lknown - t h e C l e v e
at the fo l l ow i ng addre s s:
Ma i n e
land Ind i ari s , t h e At lanta Brav e s ,
Ind ian N ewslett er, P . O . Box 553,
the M i lwauk e e Bucks, the Chicago
B lack Hawk s .
V ia Old T o w n , Ma i n e 04468
A lt o �ethe r there are about JO
Edi t ori al S t af f: K e n
o t h e r c o l l e ge and pro fe s s i on a l
Stan - Gart
Sparky - R e d - T h e Boy - Carl t e ams wh i c h d e grad e t h e name o f
Mo otch
R i c k - Edward - Cathy I nd ians , by pre s e nt in� t h e fa l s e
image o f the ha ppy lacky , m o s t
and Nata l i e .
o ft e n gr i n n i ng s tu p i d ly a n d d an
*
c ing f o r the wh it e men.
Ne edless
t o say, this presents a narrow ,
Guest Ed i t o r i a l
m islead ing image of t h e I nd i an
pe o p l e .
THE I MAGE OF THE INDIAN
SANTA CLARA, C A L I FORN IA - T h e S t a n AS A MASCOT MUS T BE R EMOVED �
ford Ind i an is d e ad . He d i e d a
What d o you t ell your son when
he asks you why w e a lways att a c k e d
qu i e t d e at h in the ha l l s o f t h e
t h e wagon tra in? · Or why w e always
Student S e nat e , and fe w I nd i ans
k i l l e d i nn o c e nt wom e n and c h i ldre n?
mourn e d .
Or why I nd ians a lways scalpe d
He was b orn in the s ame h a l ls
in 1930, wh e n the Student Senat e
wh i t e men?
T h e wh it e man , of course, d oe s
decided t hat t�e I nd ian would be
an appropriat e symbol for the St an n o t have t o answ e r such quest i ons�
even though h is forefathers w e r e
ford Un ivers i t y fo o t ba l l t e am . The
symbol has be en in cont inuous use
much more qui lty of these t h in�s
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since t hat t im e .
There wera s ome objact i ons over
the years , but t he y n e v e r r e ached
the e ars of the S t an fo rd community.
There was a very gooct reas on for
the S tanford community not hear in�
about it for so long; there we re
no I nd i ans in-or n e ar the Stanford
campus unt il t w o y e ars a�o . Then
the admi nistrat i on went on a cras h
program of Ind ian recrui tment, and
tod ay there are 55 I n d i an s on the
Stanford c ampus .
But t hese are real Ind i ans, not
.some pop- culture foot ball symbols ,
and t h ey imm e d i at e ly t ook ob je�t i on
to t he use of t h e Ind i an symbol .
All of the f irst year t he y were on
the campus they qui e tly t alke d to
the adm in istrat i on from the Presi
dent on d own t o the lowest in an
effort to have the symbol changed .
They were unsuccessful .
Th is year, a ft e r present in� a
petit i on s igned by a l l 55 I nd i ans
on the c ampus, and seyeral lett ers
of support from o t h e r I n d i an
than any Ind i an forefathers . The
reason is that he controls t h e
med ia , t h e c arr i e rs o f t h e infor
mat i on that gets t o all our chil
dre n , re d , wh i t e, brown, and black .
And he has t o have � just ifi
cat i on for tak i ng all t hat land,
so he d o es it by mak ing several
thousand B w e s t e rn mo� i es , all
show ing the West as it never was .
He had t o rat i onal ize the k il
l ing , so he mad e beli eve the
Ind i an was an animal . T hat way
it was e asy to k ill to get to the
land . But the Indian is not an
animal , trained to danc e at the
c ommand ing yells of spe ctat ors at
athlet i c events . We are human
be ings , to o , w ith a he art , a soul ,
and a ri�ht t o l ive a fre e I ife . i •·
And w e can ' t l ive t hat fre e l ife
· if the soc i e ty cont i nues to perpet
rat e myt hs about our e x ist ence .
We have t oo many r e a l pro b l ems ·
t o work on , problems that most of
all d emand und erst and ing by all
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Knee . Massacre 300 Indian men, wo
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men.' arid "'chiidren were ·�s laughtere'd · ·
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as . the ·r1ghte.mis . C11rist ians· s' tood
by and quarreled over·wnich ·ae- .
nomination should lead.the'Indiart
from his savage ways
, .'
If that isn't recent enough,
(An ·ea i.to'rial ·by the edi t.ors·· . . of·
maybe'this will e n ligh t e n.the
The Roman
Christian followers.
Indian Voi6� · magazirie.)
Catholic Church, one of the weal
thiest organizations in .the· world��
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bought seventy women from India-- : '.'
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L E' T T E R S
for $600. a head. They were to
. . ·to
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be· trained as Catholic nuns.' That.. .,
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the
W<;t�":only three years ago� ·'The
:
·.co'tnmon- term for such a transaction
,.E D . i- T 0 R
· . .. is, "Human bondage or Slavery.".
For a reli�ion that claims salva
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tion for all people---it certainly
has gone ast�ay in. practicing what
, Hai.if 1,.'orig ·vn t it take our . .
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it preaches. · "
people' of fen'9.(?scot �at iQn to re- The �hurch_s unsigned partner,
ali.i.e... that �w��· h;ave o�_en· robbed of
th� various levels of Pmerican
our .Cu];ture .. by -r-�l.5;�eous and pol
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government, should recieve· i.t's
i ·n.c·a1 opport�n.ist? ·: ·
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credit .for -three centuries: of
.. , <For· eve'!·' t�r�e;.' 'hundred years
our"white· bro'tfle-rs. wf\8':c1arm their
genocide against Indian peopfA in
·
·-.way· o:f "l�:fe· ··to,·be :superio'r ,.to our
the name of freedom.
Iri 1725,
We �eri not exclud�d;
tra ct itionaT'' id'e'al's, h.a:'s :bra:in :..., ...
the rrommon ealth of �a��achu�atts
wash�d us with . . his gosp�t ind m�n
. �
. . . .. .
placed a b�unty on the ��al�s of .
made values'.
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Penobscot Tndians because.we· as
'The . .P�o-of. is · a1 l ai:o u n ci,' us. , ,
a people W:6.tild not ac-cept -:the. King.
Look on both ·sides of. th e r ·p � nobs-·
"'
cot� "6n·c e we held' t'riat ·. ·1and · rn "· : of Englarid �� our �l�t.. T�� En�� .
lish wer� gene�ous� ·4� pou�ds for
trus·t for our · Creato·r�
Toa·a.y: 1t" ,
belorigs t6. the ·sta�e 6f "M8;1ne '·and" � Penob�c�� .�al�. s� � iP. and 20.
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so ao we.- 'E've'n on our Pendbscot'
pounds for .a woman · or chi'lds s�al,p
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N_atfo.n stands 'the ve"r:y symbolS of.
The En �l-i s !i _prqc la � n:i � ·(ion was n.evf;
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stficken from their law books,.
·otir ·destruction; the 'Christ1an
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chui'chs.
From ..experie'rice � ...it• s · · The State.· :of Maine became ah '6ut-
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easy·:"to say otir White ·brothers . ·_· law'..when 'it. entered into several
:
t � e�_� _ies vi� tn · ��Gbbs.cot. I.n� ian ··
histqry boo:ks fa{led to tell .tne .··
·
Nation. · The. unit�d :s.t.ate-s con�·
,st �an�· ·: �J':ten
>Qhri
true ·st'ory" of tr:te
�t�i�utio n ' exp],.ic_itlY: ;forbade. any: ..
"!e ·:�ifre .:l?'e ir;� _. � nt �q � � � . . Th_Eit .fact
·
stat.�· ·from· · ¢.nte.r in g · i nto a treaty ·
is· i ··the · .christ la.l'.J,S stippdrteci t h e
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with anybody.· It's i:1maz ing. now . '. . :
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whol_�-�-� � �... s.iau�q_t�r t ilg .and . . � heft
our White brothers ask· us .to· re � ·
of .Ind�a� peopl�s .Qatur�l rights
sp�e,c_� �h� i_r ,Iaws'. wh:e.n; ';th�y refuse '
from O'rie: coastline . to the. other.
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t·cr �do so themselves.. Hip:ocrasy
A 11 "fn "the ··nanie O'f 'Christia:ni ty.
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Can ·.y0u . _ i'rqagfr:ie the creator; :of a.ll ·at i t s· :best.·.
·wnJ. te· brothers. :�oyernment
.,. ·oui'.
p�O'pfe·:::a�d· ·Earth · sayin � , . u·Ye$_, .. . � '.
:
t�os€:Wh6 _d66't accept Ch�ist�an�� r e st r ic t s our h untin,Q: and . fishing ...
:
ity!°"·s"hou lei · ;·lje" · mas�q.cred "and the ... · '. rii;h�� · and says, � I;t. c.c.ul<l deJ?1e��
r�st ':6f. th �m sh.ail· u·ve in' ··pov'e:tt\r' the'.� wi J_ d l ife popula��on�:�'.,. M�ybe;··h
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foreve-·r .·" .. .,I ·;·h'ap·e 6ur. c·r e'ator< loves th.ey �hquld . of. worrre·q,j3.pout .· . ... ".. +
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w'i ldl1fe · depie. tion whe'.ri .they �.dam.�.·
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· ·us ":trfore ;"�han , t'hat � .
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. Many· dhris-t'i·ari·s -:· say�- i·: "' B.ut fh.it up .the, -rive.rs. :and bufi'd p�pe r · mills
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Wh:P'.�.e ..-'.d�s � a:rd_e·d f_:l.lt.h ·can . ·onlY! ·be...
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was -a Ion� t im e .ago· .... ·WAS · IT?·
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s.. ·a.·ga··:at '._\l{�unde{+ '. :-.�.
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oiny :�eighty 'yecLr' . .
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parties co·nc erned, · to· · allo.w and·":
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condone these false images to.' ccm-·
The perpetuatibrt-�f the
tinu�.
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myths must· st'op·.·
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�( Le t t e r s
c ont . )
from t hroughout the c o unt ry for
the purpose o f · dis c us s in� c ommon.
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l o v e d by t ho s e wh o r e ap t h e · pr o fit . problems in c ommun icat i ons among
Our own land and r ive r . hav�
-I nd i an pe o ple and t o plan for t h e
be c ome a vic tim o f t he s e c ircum�ene�ai improvement o f c ommuniT h e underhand e d bui1d ing · c at i ons .
st anc e s .
o f a dam 200 yar d s from our shore
line , . and treat i e s t-h at are illega l W i t h national adminis t r�t i on
from t h e first word t o t h e las t
pol i cy o f Ind i an Self-Det e rminat io�
�h e G ov e rnor o f our -P e nobs c ot
the ne c e s s ity o f mas s c ommun i c a
Nation s ays . , "We s h o ul d: not c om
t i ons improvement �mong Indian
plain s i nc e we us, e what t h e Wh it e '.
pe ople is b e c om ing inc reas ingly
brot h e r has �iven _ t o u s . "
Nobody
c rit i c al .
T h e Indian n ew spa pe rs
can d en� t h e Gove rnors �o�ds ,. bui ·
and per i od i c als are t h e c hannels
even our Governor c an ' t qeny t hat
for t h i s c ommunic ation and t h e
we have pa i d for "progre s s" with
roles o f t he i r ed itors are b e c om
our herit age , id ent it y.an d every
ing·more and more impo rt ant.
t h i ng t hat make s us Penobs c ot men ,
we· requ e s t t hat you , as t h e h e ad
women , and c hild r e n.
o f t he s pon s o ring organiz ation o f
T o tho s e who s ay t h e t rad i t i on a l
the
Ind ian i d e als are o f t he pas t and
MA INE NEWS LETT ER
infe rior t o t h e pre s ent S y s t em;
as s ure t hat ·t his publicat i on is
Our I nd i an anc e s t o rs nev e r
r e pre s e nt ed at t his v e ry important
l e t h i s bro t h e r , r e d or whit e ,
c o n fe r e nc e .
s t arve when �h e r e was ple nt y . The
P ilgrims w i l l at e s t to thatl
Our
T h e Americ an Ind i an Pres s A s s o
I ndian anc e s t o rs never c o nd emned
a man . t o f i gnt or · d i e f o r s ome th i ng c iat i on ext end s appr e c i at i on t o
you · fo r your c o operation and c on
he didn ' t · b e lieve .
Our I nd i an
anc e s t o r s· · neve-r rap e d and. p i l lage d t i nu eq int e re s t in t he improvement
o f c ommun i c at i ons .
t h e v e ry e lem e nt from wh i c h we a l l
c ome from-- -Mot h e r Eart h .
_$ i nc e re ly ,
·. I w on ' t . l ow e r mys e l f t o a
.
boas t e r by c la iming t h e T rad itional
Char l e s E. T rimb l e
Indian . id ea l s are supe rior .
But
Ex e c ut iv e Dire c t or
unt i l o ur Whit e b r o t h e r s ' relige ous
and po l it ic al ins t it ut i ons show
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· j u s t ice t o all p e o p l e ins t e ad .o f. ·
s T
t h e i r p o c k e t b o ok s , I wil 1 s ay i �,,
. 0
j u s t as e ffic i e rit . a s any s ys t em
brought ac re s � t he At l ant i c Oce an.
Unity wi 11 be our s t re ne-;th!
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T im o t hy Love
A Proud P e nobs c ot
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De ar.Eqit o r:
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'l'h e Americ an · Indian P r e s s As s o
c ia�icn · ts .spons or1n� . an American
I ndian Mas s M e d ia C onferenc e �une
SI G/vEl:J
8 · t hrough Jun e 10 in M inneapo l i s
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Th-is c onferenc e wi ll brin� t og-e-�her.,
e dit ors and r e pr e s e nt at ive � o f. · .
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I ndian n· ews papers an<l · pcrior1 ic a l s
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YOU CAN JAI L A MAN, BUT·.· .
YOU CAN ' T · IMPR I S ON HIS S OUL
R ICHARD TOMPK I NS is an Ame r i c an
I nd ian, se lf e du c ate d , �ome th ing of
a mysti c and , a c c ord ing to many
pe op l e , an extraord inar i ly t alent e dt
art ist .
He is .. a lso a c onv i c te d k i l l e r , a
man who has spent the past f ive
years - as we l l as thre e · ye ars be
fore that - c o ope d up in a c e ll at
Ma ine State Prison , whe r e he was
c omm itte d· for l ife in 196 7 for
manslaught e r .
What k e e ps h im a l ive, he says ,
is pa int i ng , Th e 14 hours a day
t hat inmates must spe nd out of e v
e ry 24 l o c�ed up alqne he uses t o
transc end h is surround i ngs . He
turns cut c anvas afte r canvas rang
ing from _sur�eal ist�c c onc eptions
of spi r its r is ing from brick wa l ls
to c are :fu l ly d e l ine ated past ora l
sc enes d om inate d by a foreground
of prison bars.
For a l o ng time. , Tomk ins , a
st r ik ing f igure at s ix foot two ,
w i th j e t black ha ir and fine ly
.
c h ise l l e d features , pa inted w i t hout
re c o�n it i on . Th en in 1970 one of
h is pa intings �on f i rst prize in a
N e w Hampsh i re art show in c ompe tit
ion w ith the work of 800 other
art ists . I t was ent e red w ithout
Tompk in ' s prev i ous · know l e dge by a
pe rson who had be�n g iven the paint
ing . S inc e th en Tompk in ' s canva��s
have d rawn favorable c omment in two
more shows . and h is work has b e c om e
inc reasingly sought aft e r , mostly
by pr ison staff and the i r· fri e nds.
·
CAPTUR ING the sp i r i t of impr is
onment through art has b e c om e a
dai ly quest for Tompk ins , who d o es
most of his pa int ing with in his
e ight. by severt-foot c ell.
".I try t o proje ct the sou l o f
the ma i n body o f inmates here who
fe e l the same as I do . The re's a
lot of sou l he re, a lot o f fe e l ing.
That ' s why I pa int: not for myself
but for everybody. That has b e e n
my purpose i n l ife.
, " I n my paintings I t ry t o get at
the s�i r i t i ns i d e the prison , inside
e v e rybody. I d on ' t know· how to
say it , �t ' s a k i nd of essenc e ,
the �� i r it we a ll f e e l. There
is the c o nstant· t orment here , the
s ilenc e , the monot ony . You hear
prac t i c a l ly the same phr�ses from
everybody , the re is not h ing new .
There is nothing , rea l ly , t o in
sp ire you but the truth , the i d e as
that hang off the wal l , the sound�
they aren't be aut ifu l . · ·I l ik e
t o pa int the facts , the trut h that
peop le should se e . "
. W ith in the 330 inmate pr ison
just off U . S. One Tompk ins has e n
d e avore�to shape h is l ife around
h is pa iriiing . Pr ison offic ials
have c o ope rated t o the ext e nt of
prov id ing art mate rials and al
low ing h im t o o c casionally sub
st itute his own independent a�t
work for pr ison labor.
Tompk ins c e l l is f it t e d out
someth i ng l ike a stud io.
With in its c onfines , Tompk ins
h�s neatl� arrayed tubes of o i l ,
a pa l lete and pa int ings in var
ious stages of c ompl e t i on.- He
ut i l izes a d esk and the wa ll for
an · e ase l and in the dayt ime is ·
ab l e ·t o tak e advantage of natural
.
l ight ing ·from a w i nd ow that ove r
loo.ks the pr ison yard. So that
he can pa int at night , pr ison
guards have replac e d the standard
25 wat t c ell bulb w it h a 100-watt
l ight that a llows him b e tt e r .c olqr
jiid:g ement
Usual ly h� pa ints from
lock�up t im e , in the lat e aft e r�
noon , t o curf��. 11 p.m.
" · At other t imes dur ing tbe.day,
whe n c e- lls are unlo c k e d and the re
is no required work , Tompk ins
talces his o ils and c anvas t o lar
g e r rooms 'wh e re he is ab le to st ep
back an�gain a pe rspe c t ive that
is impossible t o achieve w ithin
his ce 11. He ava ils himself of
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e ve ry pa int ing opportu:n ity
FOR TOMPKINS, l i fe began Jl
yea.r.s · ago in anonymity.· .He neye r
knew h is real parents , · ' a lthough '
fost e r parents' w ith wnom h.e grew .�
u·p· in the P i t tsf ie-ld a:rea said he
was an Ind ian.. H is features leave
little' reason·to d oubt that con
t _ e n�i�� and, (c ont on pag el2)
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EDUCATIN G THE
(7)
EDUCATORS
An· I nd i-�n h igh sc hoo l te acher gives
his op in i on as to wh e re the . rem- ··
edy must b e app l i e d to c�re the
educ at i ona l i l ls of his pe ople .
by Lloyd E lm
It is my present c on c e rn to re
late to yoti, possibly to e ducate,
possibly to bro ade n your view, the
condit i on of th e Ind ian today . I
know th e re is a trem endous n e e d to
educate, in a l l its forms, the
young Indian pe ople . I teach bi
ology and I teach an Indian culture
c lass . We get together and talk
about th e Indian way of l ife and
I r e a lize how very important it is
for our European brothers, if th ey
are go ing to pe rpetuate themselves,
to adapt some of the Indian ways
of l iving. Just living that way
do es not mak e a person an Indian .
It goes mush beyond that, it goes
into the way that you think and
the way you treat· other pe ople
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As time went on, we began to
rea l ize, not just myse lf but many
of our Ind ian l e ade rs w ith in the
stud ent body , that it was t ime we
at l e ast try to be c ome se lf-deter
m in ing . Th is is someth ing that is
very touc hy to talk to mod e rn day
educ ato rs about b e c ause when. you
ment i on se lf- d eterm inat i on they
add separatism . The pe ople who
talk about money talk about seg
regat i on . Some pe o p l e , educators
primar i ly , are unab l e to separate
se�regat ion from separatism and
from se lf-d eterm inat i on . A nd these
are men who are �overn ing what is
taught at. Oswego, at C ortland and
at· Syrac use . One sat r ight there
and · sa id , " You c annot d raw a l ine
betwe en segregation and se paratism-··
and �- e lf-dete rm inat ion . " There was
no l in e there . Wh enever you d ev
iate from · the i r methods , then it .
·
is s e gre�at ion .
: ·
is grow
I have a fe e l ing that
ing stronger, that w ith in our
c ountry the re is a c anc e rous, sub
c onsc i ous d e c i s i on·never to · allow
the m in o r ity groups to e v e r fully
and c ompl ete ly' suc c e ed . That is
what we are c op ing with. Se lf
determinati on is a trend that is
c ontrary_ to mode rn day educat i on .
You,. as educators, are c on
fronted w ith a dilemma that has
fac ed Indian _pe ople for 400 ye ars .
The I ndian has had to c ope with a
socia l dise ase referred to as
pate rna lism . · Pate rnalism is a
c o nc ept that deve loped whe n th e
Great White Father and h is people
came ac ross the oc ean, making
· c la ims on Ind ian land without
asking the Indian . The white man
took th e Indian land and thought
the Indian to be igno rant, savage,
and unciv il ized, w ith no idea of
what it is to l ive. Immediate ly,
the Europe ans attempte d to change
th e Ind ian pe opl e .
But the v e ry same type of pate r�·
na lism exists today and th is is
part of th e d i l emma that we are
caught in. We can ta lk in terms
of paternal ism and say it'� not
ri�ht, that it does not h elp to
send VISTA volunte e rs.to the res
e rvation and have them.work with
the Indian· stude nts to.change
their attitudes and �ive them new
values, non- Indian values, · so they
will be better able to ·c ope with
l ife . We are faced with that side
of the d i lemma . How far d o we go?
Whe n do you go beyond h e lp ing?
There was one Ind ian student
who had d ropped out of a c o lle�e .
Even with a l l of the preparat ion
·and pape rwork that it tak es to get
an Ind ian stud ent into c o l lege,
this stud e nt had done noth ing for
h imse lf . The gu idanc e c ounse lors
.
· d id eve rvth ing� They wrote the
letters of re c omme ndat i on , or got
other pe opl e to write them� He
was sh ipped off to c o l lege and the
money was wa iting the ra for h im ,
as was h is acad emic program. He
was to ld th is is th e pro�ram that
you w i ll fo l l ow , �nd �hese are th e
c ourses .YOU ·w i l l take.- What eff
e ct on th�t ind ividua l ' s se lf
c on c e pt , h is se lf-este em? What
e ffect d i d that have? What effe ct
d id that paterna l ism have on h is
i ntegrity , (cont. on· next page)
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•
�At Lafayette this year we had
a new teacher, a laay teacher, a
or feelin
that· he is going to
fine, educated individual.
But
fulfill himself? . What effect n id
she was unable to communicate
it have on his concept of self
with the Indian students because
oetermination?
That is one-half
she did not know that when you
of the dilemma.
ask an Indian student a question,
. The other· half of
it is this:
If you do no� offer
if he does not know the answer,
help to the Indians, do not ask
he will not try to bluff you.
He
them if they want it, what is to
is not goin� to say anything. She
happen to them? . It is very siminteroreted this behavior as ag
ple.
They are going ·to be unable
ressi�e.
It was merely behavior
to cop
with society.
that this Indian had learned in
his culture on the reservation.
So, this is the dilemma.
When
If he does not know the answer to
does sincere help turn into pat
a question he will not try to
ernalism?
When does sincere help
bluff.
He might sit there and.
changP. into somAthing that begins
smile a little bit, but he will
to destroy the inctivi�ual as he
not say anything.
That individual
attempts to go to college?
I think was stereotyped as a behavioral
that you should develop a �P.mP.dial
problem.
curriculum for all higher education
P.ducators that are going to be
At the beginning of this year
working with Indian stuctents. TAaat Lafayette we are going to have
chers· are only a p�odubt of their
a one-day workshop that is going
education.
If you look at their
to be conducted totally by Indian
education, you find that thPV have
personnel from the Onondaga Res
no idea of how a young Indian stuervation for all the teachers
dent of 13 years is going to leave
that are there, expecially the new
a reservation in the sixth grade
teachers.
We are going to have
and move into a dominant society
a workshop where we are going to
where he is in a minority. The
relate to them some of the basi�
teacher has no idea of the values
behavior patterns they will be
that are gain� to dictate his in.
confronted with that none of their
tegration.
Teachers have no idea
school books have taught them,
of the intrinsic values of the
that none of the movies they saw
Indian culture, the Indian way of
when they were taking their soclife.
As a result, how . . can we
iology course have taught them.
expect �he teacher to cope with
We might destroy a lo�. of misconand ·to educate that young Indian?
ceptions.
When I periodically get
The problems of the Indian peoto teachers colleges and try to
ple oi;
reservation at Akwesasconvey to future teac�ers some of
ne, similarly . Akron or Gowanda
.,
.
the Indian problems of today, theJ
where th� other Six Nations people
ignorance of basic Indi�n values
live, are not the Indian's problems.
amazes me.
How can a person at
The difficulties the Indian experthis time of civilization be so
ierices ar: a �ymptom of the lack
.
totally i�norant, and be. s� to
of education in the educators themtally mislead about what the Inselves.
It is not the educators
dia� is today?
'
·
·:rault, they,.. are caught in the overall 'education system that prepares
How do · you keep In.dian students
the educators.· Some .teachers are
in collegeJ when we· should be
very lucky that they.have the .type
talking about how do you educate
·of pBrsonality that can communicate
the educators so that they can
with a · young Indian who is integra- 11nrt0rs
tand the �ndian val�es toting into 'his dominant society.
day?··How can you teach a teacher.
Some · are lucky, but most of them
so that she can teach an Indian
are not,
student?
(cont. ·an page 9)
(En.
the
E ducators
.
•
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•
cont. )
�
·
·
�l-i.e
·
�( 9)
(Ed. t h e Educat o rs
c ont . )
o f I ndians is put ting up now t o
k e e p t heir fe l l ow Pit Riv e r peo p l e
When you s o lv e t hat prob l e m , t his
o ff Indian land.
T h e only land ,
sympt om t hat w· e are talking about
for a l l pract ic a l purpo s e s , l e ft
wil l be s . lved.
o
You might st art
t o t h e Pit Riv e r t ribe is t h e X-L
wit h your ind ivid ua l s c ho o l on t he · Ranch in Mod o c County, Ca lifo rnia .
high s c h o o l l eve l , as w e at La fay- T his 9242 a c r e s , bought by t h e
e t t e a r e going t o d o.
We are deBure au o f Indian Affairs for t h e
ve l o ping a program lik e t his work - Pit Riv e r T ribe in 1938, w a s as s
whop.
It wil l be for t h o s e t e ache rs e s s e d at ove r $550,000 in 1964.
dire c t ly inv o lv e d with Indian
It is c lo s e d t o a l l but 10 membe rs
stud e nt s .
We ' re going to t e ach ·
o f t h e Pit Riv e r H ome and Agrit hem t h e basic fundament a ls o f t h e
c u ltural Coope rative A s s o c iation
Gre at Law.
We are going to t @ll
and t h eir familie s , and t h e A s s o them c e rt ain part s o f t h e Gai
c iation is a lways re pre s e nt e d by
' waiio.
We are going t o lis t p o s one man - Errin For r e s t .
sib ly 1 5 t o 20 basic b e havior pat Forr e s t and t h e As s oc iation
t e rns t hat are born in an I ndian
c ons tit ut e t h e only o rganization
re c ogniz e d by t h e Bure au of · Indian
culture on a re s e rvation.
A f fairs ( BIA ) from t he Pit Riv e r
T his is j us t a b e ginning , but
T rib e.
T h e Pit Riv e r T riba l Counwe a r e going t o e d uc at e t h e e ducat o r s ,
I t hink t hat is whe re you cil, whic h re fus�s t o c om p ly with
st art .
t he Bur e au s pe cific ations f o r t h e
( Educ ating t h e E d u c at ors - S t .
c o ns titution b e c aus e t h e y w ou l d
Law e nc e Univ e r s it y - J u ly 12- 30,71 ) have t o give u p m o s t o f t heir pow
e r t o t h e BIA, is not r e c ogniz e d ;
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
the BIA t rie s t o pret e nd t hat t he
T riba l Council d o e s . not e xis t.
A PPLE
But it c onduc t s bus in e s s wit h out
the s anc tion of t he Bur e au - and
OF T HE MONTH
has b e e n known t o run Bur e au o ffi
c ia l s out o f Pit Riv e r c ount ry ·
app l e (n ) 11 t h e f l e s hy
roun d e d
and r e d
e d ib l e pome fruit o f a
physic a l ly.
tre e
Errin Forre s t , on t h e ot h e r
o f t he ro s e family; 2: a
hand , i s t h e c h o s e n one o f t h e
fruit or o t h e r v e ge t ab l e prod u c t
BIA ' s S a c rament o A r e a O f fic e . And
i o n s uggis t iv e o f a n app l e . ( W e bs
as a reward for t hre e d e c ad e s . o f
ter ) .
lic king t he BIA ' s b o o t s , t h e A s s o
app l e ( n ) re d on t h e out s id e and
whit e on t h e ins id e , ( I ndian Voic e ) . c iation was s lat e d s om e few ye ars
ago to re�eiv e c l e ar tit l e t o t h e
X - L Ranc h, which w o u l d have barr e a
I ndian Voic e ' s firs t "A pple o f
· o t h e r Pit Riv e r Indians from i t
t h e Mont h " honors go t o a m�n who
foreve r; a t t h e pre s e nt t h e y are
has fought for t he hon o r for s ev
e ra l y e ars .
T h o s e who have p laye d e ffe c tive ly barr e d from it
uno f ficia l ly .
.
b o o t lic k e y and aid e t o t h e whit e
T h e Bur e au and t h e A s s o c iation
po liticians fo r ye ars are bein�
have the pow e r t o bar ot h e r Pit
expo s e d , and we are ple as e d t o
Riv e r Indians from X-L Ran c h b e
t e l l you about one in · our won
c aus e t h e t e rms o f t he t it l e s ta
mid s t . ( T his fe ature . wi l l run
t e d that it was t o b e t ak e n " in
r e gu l ar l y in Indian Voic e. )
E rrin Forr e s t w e l l d e s e rv e s t h e t ru s t f o r s u c h bands o f Pit Rive r
Indians o f t h e S tat e o f C a lifornia
h ono r o f fir s t A p p l e o f t h e Mont h.
For years h e has s t o od on t h e sid e as s ha l l be d e s ignat e d by t h e S e c
o f whit e s who u s e d his own p e o pl e , r e tary o f t h e Int e rior . " T h e l o c a)
and has us e d his own p e o p l e as we l l repr e s e nt at ive o f t he Secretary,
t h e S acrament o A r e a O ffic e o f t h e
t o �ain his own e nd s .
One e xam p l e . o f t his i s t he fight Bureau o f Indian Affa i rs , has us e d
Forr e s t and his c lo s e d c orp ora t i o n ( Cont, o n page 10 )
•
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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�( 1 0, )
(APPLE
cont . )
T h i s hu�e p e r c e nt age o f the bud
g e t w ent. 't o a re- s e rvat i o n wh i c h
t h i s d i s cret ionary p ow e r t o r e
c ompri s e s l e s s than 2 % o f t h e In
ward i t s b o o t l i c ke rs , and a t t he
d ian land iri 't h e s tat e , · but · wh i c h
re que s t · o f t h e A s s o c i at i on was
i s a l l t h e land l e ft t o t h e P it
pre par ing two y e ars ago to g iv e
R iv e r t r ib e , w it h t he e x c e pt i on
cle�r t it l e t o t h e· Ran c h t o t h e
o f t hre e sma l l ranc h e r ias c om
A s s o c iat i on .
·pr i s ing l e s s t han 500 a c r e s .
T h en t h e Pit Riv e r T r ibal C oun
Err in Fo rre s t w o u l d l ike t o b e
c i l , in a s � s s i on at t e nd e d by m o s t
t h e b e ne f i c iary o f t h e Ranc h ,
o f t h e t r i b e , inc luding som e mem-·
t hrough t h e B IA , and t h e B IA w o u l d
b ers o f t he A s s o c i ation , d e c i d e d
l i ke t o s e e the c l e ar t itle t o t h e
t o re c l aim m o s t o f t h� 3 . 3 86 mi l
Ranch go t o t he A s s o c iat i on ( For
l i on acre s wh i c h t he Indian C la ims
re s t ) , for s e rv i c e s rend e red .
C omm i s sion has a c know l e dged w e re
Forre s t was a lmo s t s uc c e s s fu l
t aken i l l e ga l ly from t h e t r i be ,
i n hav ing t i t l e t o X - L turne d
The
�Ve r t o t h e A s s o c i at i on .
( Mu c h of t his land i s now h e l d by
h e arings on t h e mat t e r we re t o b e
the Fed era l G overnm ent -t h e Bureau
c l o s e d , s o t h e T r ib a l C o unc i l
o f L�nd Management , · and t h e Bure au
brought an in j unc t i on t hrough
o f · Parks . ) A t t h e s ame tim e , in
C a liforn i a Ind i an Le ga l Serv i c e s
addit i on t o o c c u py ing l and s h e l d
to forc e an open h e aring. When
n o w b y t h e Pac i fic G a s and E l e c t r ic
the C ourt rule d t hat any h e ar ing
C ompany , t h e Tr i b e had anot h e r
a c tion o n i t s harids �try i ng t o pre
w o u ld re qu ire 9 0 days notic e t o
t h e part i e s c dnc e rne d , t h � BIA
v e nt the i l l e ga l pas s ing o f t h e
X - L Ran c h int o the hand s o f a pr iv s �ught t o s e t t l e t h e mat t er in
s t e ad through C ong�e s s , by hav
i l ege d f e w wh o c o o pe rat e w it h. t h e
ing a law pas s e d wh irih wouid have
B IA .
bypas s e d t h e h e ar ing. Onc e aga in
F o rre s t has a pa i d j ob f o r t h e
t h e C o unc i l members w e r e forc e d
s t at e ; h e i s t h e l e g i s lat ive a id
t o g o t o Wash ingt on t o ·t e s t i fy ,
t o Pau l ine Dav i s , .one o f t h e m o s t
and t h e bi l l w�s t empo�ar i ly
Re aganesque members o f t h e A s s em
k i l led .
b ly .
S h e and Forr e s t , a long w it h
But Fo rre s t i s s t i l l t ry ing� H e
o t h e r membe rs o f t h e C a lifo'rn ia
As s e m b ly , hat c h e d .a ·s c h eme und e r
h a s fr i ends in S a c rame nt o and
Was h ingt on , and is b ig · in't h e In
whic h t h e y w o u l d· be e nr i c h e d , a s
t e rt riba l C ounc i l of C a l i f o rn ia;
w e l l a s c e rt ain memb e rs o f t h e A
he was t h e l ong- t ime v i c e -pre s i
s s o c i ation .
T h e p lans w o u l d have
d ent t hrough a s uc c e s s i on o f
a l l ow e d re s o rt · c abins to have be e n
bu ilt o n t he X - L'·Ran c h , us ing 's t at e , pre s id ents , £ew o f whom w e r e not .
in o f f i c e l ong e n ough t o kno� t h e
mon i e s , for t h e · us e o f Dav i s and·
rope s .
o t h e r h igh powe r wh i t e po l it ieians ,
.
.
. Err in Forre s t , a pe rfe c t exam
on t h e s ho r e s df a l ake t o b e bu i lt
ple of t he m o d e rn-day app l e , s e l l
by the As s ori i at i on .
ing o ut h i s p e o p l e t o make a f�s t
T h e B IA graht e d $8 0 , 0 0 0 t o t h e
.
buc k , and for po l� t i c a l pro f it ._ ·
A s s o c i a t i on f o r a " fe as i b i l i t y .
.
s tudy "· . o·f th e pro pos-ed pro j e ct �
( INDIAN V O IC E Feb 72 Vo l 2 N o -1 ).
T h i s c ontrast s with a t o t a l o f
$JO , 0 0 0 · f o r i rr igati.on pro j e c t s · o · n
* * * � * � * *' * * * * '* * * *
a l l C a l i f o 'rn i a re s e rvat i ons f o r.. ·
t h e s ame y e a r , 197 0 , and · a l l t h i s
M I S S I ONA R IES
amount w.e ·n t t o X- L Ranc h , de s p i t e
.
.
.... · AND THE RE_L I G I OUS Yf1C UUM t h e c ry·ing. ne e d fo r irr·igat i on
,
_
pro j e c t s '- on s ev e ra l o t h e r . r e s e r
· · R e l i� i on · t oday , or �t l e a s t·
vat i on s . · And o f t h e $333,UOO al
l o c at ed in 19 7 0 for road �udg e t s
C hr i s t i an it y , d o e s not prov ide
for C a lifornia reserva-t;jons , $146 , . the understanding with wh i c h s o
·
000 was a l l o cated · t o · X-L Ranch.
· Ci? t.y makP � ( con:t On. next: page)
•
•
•
..:
•
�( 11 )
( M I S S I ON A R IES
•
•
•
C O� T . )
ours e lv e s .
I nd ians know t hat pe o p l e d i e .
T h e y ac c e pt d e ath as a fac t o f
l i fe � · Rat h � r t han bu i l� a s e r
i e s o f log i c a l s y l l o g i sms that
r e a s o n away gr i e f , I nd ian p e o p l e
have a c e remony o f mourn ing by
wh i c h gr i e f c an pro pe r ly be e x - .
pre s s e d .
D e pend ing on � h e t r i ba l
t rad it i ons , �r i e f i s u s ua l ly ac
c ompan i e d by s pe c i f i c ac t s o f
mourn ing , wh i c h i s t he n e nd e d by
. giv ing a f e a s t for t h e c ommun ity .
s ens e .
N o r d o e s i t prov i d e any
me ans · by wh i c h t h e l i f e o f t h e in�
d iv i d u a l has value � · C hr i s t i an ity
f i ght s unr e a l c r i s e s w h i c h it e re - ·
at e s by i t s fas c i nat i o n w ith i t s
own ab st ract i o ns .
I reme�b e r go ing t o an Ind ian
home s ho rt ly a ft e r t h e d e at h o f a
c h i ld .
T h e r e was a R oman . C ath6l i c
pri e s t admon i s h ing t h e mot h e r n o t
t o c ry b e c aus e t h e c h i ld w a s now
with Je sus .
A ut omat i c a l ly , he in
. s i s t e d , be c aus e i t had b ee n bap
( C UST E R D I ED FOR YOU R S IN S
t i � e d ·.
Gr i e f , he d e c la�ed , was
V in e D e l o r ia , Jr . )
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
unnat ura l to man eve r s inc e J e s us
d i e d o n t h e c ro s s .
H e w e nt on t o
t �l l h o w G o d h a d d e c id e d on a ��e�t
I n a few d ays -maybe t omorrow
m i s s i o n for t h e c h i ld and had c a l
Ma ine re s i d e nt s w i l l be s e arc h in g
l e d i t h ome t o H im and t hat t h e
t h e boggy c ount rys i d e in t h e h o p e
moth e r � o u ld · s e e t he hand o f G o d in o f p i c k i ng a " me s s o f f i d d l e h e ad s .
the c h i ld ' s d e at h and ne e dn ' t won
T h e s pr i ng pas t ime o f_ gat he r i ng
.d e r ab out it s c ou·s e ·.
f i d d l eh e ad gre e ns go e s bac k t o t h s
I n fac t , t he moth e r had not won
days o f t he I nd ians .
d e re d about the r e as o n for the
The f i d d l e h e ad ls a gre e n na
c h i ld ' s d e at h .
H e r c h i ld had fa l
t ive to the S t at e of M a i n e and t h e
l e n from a s e c ond- s t o ry w in d ow and
/ t lant i c Prov inc e o f N e w Bru n s
s u f fe r e d int e r n a l in j u � i e s .
It h ad w i ck and t hr iv e s · t h e mom e nt t he
l inge r e d s ev e ra l days w i t h a numbe r warm s pr ing sun warms t h e e art h
o f ru pt ure d o rgans and had eventi n t h e r i ch bot t omland s .
ua l ly and m e rc i fu l ly d i e d .
St i�k i ng i t s t iny c u r l e d h e ad
.
I c o u ld n e ve r be l i e ve t hat t h e
above t h e w int e r k i l le d brown
pr i e s t w a s c om fo rt ing t h e mot h e r .
v e g e t at i o n s igna l s t h e s tart o f
It s e em e d rat h e r t hat h e was t ry i ng anothe r s e as o n as d e ar t o s ome a s
frant i c a l ly t o r e inforc e what had
t h e t rout open ing t o f i sh e rman .
b e e n t aught t o h im in s em inary ,
For it i s t h e n when a c e rt a i n har
dy few v e nture forth int o t h e fe r
d o c t r i n e s t hat now s e em e d sh ak en
t i'l e � o ft e n E lm s had ed g l ad e s
t o t h e i r ro ot s .
T h e who l e s c e n e
w a s fr i ght e n ing i n i t s abs t rac� .
. wh e re s pawn t h e growt h o f t h e
f i d d l e he ad .
c rue l t y . ' I fe lt s orr i e r f o r t n e
T h e f i d d l e h e ad a c t ua l ly n e e d s
pr i e s t t han for t h e moth er .
His
no e i planat i o n o f it s name s in e �
obv i ous d i s be l i e f i n what h e was ·
it d o e s l o o k e xac t ly l ik e a h e ad
t e l l ing h e r and h i s inab i l it y t o
But t o t ho s e who
o f a v i o l in .
fac e d e at h i n i t s b it t e r e s t mome nt
·
have nev e r ac tua l ly s e en a f i d d l e
mad e h im t h e t ra g i c £ i gure .
h e ad t h e r e i s o ft e n c on fus i on w i � �
T hat i s why I be l i eve t h at I n
d i an re l ig i on w i l l be t h e s a lvat i o� o t h e r non� e d i b l e fe rns .
· T h e und e s i rab l e fe rri� have a
o f t h e Ind i an p e o p l e .
I n I nd i an ·
c harac t e ri s t i c po i s e d s nak e appea
re l ig i ons , re gard l e s s o f t he t r i b e
ran q e and are i n many · p l a c e s. r e
d e at h i s a nat ural o c c u rrenc e and . ·
fe rre d t o a s " s nak e brak e s " .
n o t a s pe c i a l pun i s hm e nt from . an
F i d d l e h e ad s �row a lmo s t l ik e
arb i t rary ' G o d .
Ind i an p e ppie · d o
mag i c as t n e y " appear ove rn i ght
not t ry t b r e a s o n t h �rns e l� � s out .
a ft er b e ing c oaxe d by t he f i r s t
o f t h e i r gr i e f .
N o r d o t h e y t ry
warm s·un o f s pr ing .
T h e t ot. a l
t o mak e a natural but sad event an
p i 6k ing ·s e a s on i s about two w e e k s . ·
o cc a s i o n fo� · prob ing t h e rat i on a l e
( Co nt � o n page 14 )
o f what e v e r r e a l i t y e x i s t s b e yond ·
·
·
�r
( 12 )
( Y OU
S OU L c ont . from p�ge 2 ) · ·
c o l o rs , t hat he had an inne r
k n ow � e dge , an uncanny know l ed ge o f
w i t h a m ixture o f s ham e and pr i d e , way� o f pre s e nt ing h i s c ompos i t i on
T ompk i ns has ac c e pt e d h i s Ind ian
a:·n d s ub j e c t..
T hat was my im
h e r i t age and nev� r i nqu i r e d of h i s pre s s i o n and t hat is why I vot e d
r e a l par e nt s .
T o t h i s d a� h i
:
f"o r t hat - pa i nt i ng as t h e w i nn e r . "
d o e s n ' t · c are t o e x p l o r e h i s · fam i ly
T h e fo l l ow i ng y e ar T ompk ins e n
·
h i s t ory .
t e r e d an annua l e x h i b i t s po ns o r e d
" I t ' s u nk nown and I ' d rat her
b y the Farnswort h Mus e um i n Ro c k
hav e i t s tay t hat way , · be c aus e
�and .
A lt hough h e r e c e iv e d no
t hat ' s h ow i t i s w i t h me . · T od ay
award s , h i s w o rk d rew c ons i d e rable
i f I want t o I c an b e an A pa c h e
c omme nt .
T ompk ins has e nt e re d t he
a n d t om o rrow I c ari b e a C h e rok e e . "
Farnswort h Mus e um ' s ope n s how aga in
T yp i c a l o f fo s t e r c h i l dr e n
t h i s y e ar .
through out Ma i n e , T ompk i ns l iv e d
S u c c e s s in re c e nt ye ars , c oup led
I n w i t h awar e ne s s of h i s own art i s t i c
w it h a s u c c e s s i o n o f fam i l i e s .
P it t s f i e l d s c h o o l s h e w a s t h e o n ly d eve l o pm e nt , h a s g ive n T ompk ins
I nd ian c h i ld .
s ome t h i ng of a ne·w gras p o n l i fe .
" I ·a lways k new · I · was an out s i d e r H e i s d e f i n i ng t h e pr i s on e xper- ·
.
I w a s c a l l e d ' I nd ian ' and l o t s o f
i e nc e , t ry i ng , a s h e s ays , " t o
nam e s
! was l o s t· wnen I w a s a
pro j e c t t h e s ou l o f t h e ma i n body
I jus t knew I was n o t i n
c h i ld .
of inmat e s h e r e . "
a c c ord W i th t h� re � t · o f t h e pe o p l e . · A nd h e i s l �ok i ng t o the fut ure .
And wh e n t he y 6 a l le d "m e name s I
I am
" I am go i ng t o get o ut .
wou l d a t t a c k
.YOU had t o pro t e c t
go i n g t o have a s e c ond c hanc e .
yours S l f � but ' a ft e r a n argum e nt
R ight now t h e fac t or . i s wa i t i ng .
o � a f i ght � as ways .fe l t bad b e
Two more ye ars .
T h e n I c a n s tart
c au s e i t r e a l ly was n ' t i n m e t o
pa i nt i ng my own id e as , arranging
hurt p e o p le · . "
my way o"ut s-i d e and p i c k i ng my
Pre j ud ic e , or at l e a s t s e nt i
s c e ne s from nature . "
m e nt s T ompk i ns i nt e rpre t ed a s
( Ma i ne Su.n day T e legram 4/9/72 )
pre j ud i c e � · s e e�e d t o f ly from a l l
quart e rs � ev e n �rom t h o s e c la im
* * * * * * * * *.. * * * · * * * * *
ing to b e · fr i e n.d s ·.
· " I ' v e n e v e r b e e n t o a h ou s e
WHY MU D I ED
whe re s om e re la .t i o n d id n ' t c la im
-he was p·art Ind i an . Any f�m i ly
Have we re a l ly learne d how t o
I ' d wa ik "int o wo u ld have a, · gre at
c ontra � N ature ? . O r have w e s imply ,
grand fath e r from s om ·e t r i b e o r
o t h e r . · You · k riciw d am n·· w e 11 i t i s n • t wh i s t l in� in the dark , l e arn e d · how�
t o l ive w i t h the know l e d �e that
so .
I d on ' t k now. i f i t ' s · gu i lt
o n e re a l ly . powe rfu l hurr icane ,
t hat mak e s . t hem s ay t h e s e t h i ngs .
whe t n e r i t s name be Mab l e or C am�
I d O'n ' t know wh?.t i t i s � .
i l l e , can d o irre parable dama�e t o
our s pac e age inst a l lat i ons at C ape
F o r T ompk in s , l i fe . t o ok on a
K en n � d y , ' and one fa i r- t o-midd l in �
n ew d im e n s i o n fn t h e s umme r . o f
.
e arthqua� e in C a l i forn ia c�n not
197 0 w h e n h is · pa i n t ing w o n f i rs t
pr i z e i n t h e N·ew Hamps h ir e e xh i b i t . o n'iy t re b l e the damage d qne to S an ·
Fr�nc i s c o in t h i s c e ntury . but · a1s·o
A j udge . a t t h e s h?� • GE? arge S c o t"t
br ing d i sast.e r �d d e ath t.o unt o ld
o f Roche s t e r , N . H' . · , . r e c a l l e d t h e
m i l l i ons .
paint i hg� a p ci rt �a it o f . a c h i ld
Ye s , we are . beg inn �n� ·t o reach·
eme rg i ng · from · d arkri� s s � .
. o f t h e h ead wa$
for the s t ars -but d o we know our- : ·
" The anat omy ·
s e lve s ? we · are . on ly now b e � i nn in �
n e arly perfe c- t · . and · it l o o k e d s o
t o red i s c ov e r t h e pot ent ial it i e s
natura l i t s e em e d t 6 'b e a l i v e . I
o f t h e m ind , and : t o prob� ph � n om- .
was h igh ly impr e s s e d and I. " c ou ld .
e na
{ C ont . Q1' r 1 0 x ·t . .Pag� ·.> · ·
· ·
" t e'l l from the va'lll O S he l i S G � , h i s
.
•
•
•
•
•
-
•
•
•
·
•
·
.
.
·
�( 13 )
( MU . c ont . )
Van D yk e and h i s w i fe , Mar
j or i e , burrow for va luab l e Ind ian
art i fac t s l ik e pot t e ry , ax e s and
t o o l s on t h e i r C ave c re e k , A r i z . ,
pr_o pe rty .
. " Mar j o r i e and I ha�e dug up
s ome wonde rfu l art i fac t sr and s e nt
t hem t o t h e U n ive rs i t y. .- o f C a l i fo rn ia at B e rk e l e y and t h e y s a i d . t h e y
are about 1 , 0 0 0 ye ars o ld , " D i ck
t o ld the EN QU I RER .
" W e ' ve found a: vo l c an i c s t one
t h e I nd ian s u s e d t o gr ind m e a l
t hat ' s c a l l e d a Mat at e .
W e found
a Mano , t h e i nst rum ent u s e d by
t h e I nd ians t o gr ind t h e m e a l
aga i n s t t he vo l c an i c s t on e .
" W e ' ve d i s c ov e r e d p e t r oglyphs
( e n�rav ings o n s t on e ) and s ome
b e aut i fu l art work o n b ou l d e rs .
T h e s e are s o b ig we c an ' t move
t hem , but we know whe re t h ey are .
"We ' ve une art he d a H oHoK an p it
hous e .
I t was d on e by an e xt i n c t
A r i z ona t r i b e .
T h ey dug about 5
fe e t d own , mad e a s t o n e s t ru c t ur e ,
and t h e n put an ima l sk ins ove r i t .
W e f i �re t h e Ind i an s . l ive d t h e re
at t im e s b e c aus e i t was c o o le r
t han l iv in g o n t op o f t h e ground .
� w e found one pit hous e t hat
hadn ' t be e n t ou c h e d for a t hou s and
ye ars
and i t ' s on our ran ci h .
" N ow w e ' re t ry in g t o e xc avat e
it , v e ry c are fu l ly .
"Mar j or i e and I are an arc h e o lo g i c a .l t e am .
W e d ig dur i ng m y fre e
t im e and eve ry w e e k e nd . : Whe n I
ge t a vac at i o n w e ' re go ing t o s pena
i t d igp:ing and h ik in g . "
d ism i s s e d for . g e n erat i on s as impos s ib l e b e c au s e t h e y c ou l d ne i t h e r
be m e as u r e d n o r we L�h.� d n o r examine d by our l im�t e d t o o ls .
We have
for c e nt ur i e s -rtq � fo r- m i l l e nn iaignor e d what w e ' v e t e rm e d t h e
immat e r ia l and t h e intan g i b l e , t o
the e x t e nt t hat w e are no b e t t e r ,
from the s tand po int of our p s yc h i c
d eve l o pm e nt , t han t h e mob , t he
C hr i s t ian m o b i n c i d e nt a l ly , wh i c h
murd e r e d t h e
e a- P lat on i s t ph i lo s o ph e r and mat h emat i c ian Hypat i a
in 4 1 5 A . D .
K n ownot � ing i s m is not
an e x c lus i v e ly Ame r i c an phe n om e0on
W it � t h i s i n m i nd w e mus t
re c ogn i z e t h e pro bab i l i t y t hat t he
pr i e s t - s c i e nt i s � s of Mu d i d aDt i c ipat e - and a l s o pred i c t e d-what
eve ntua l ly · h �ppe n e d , but w it h n o
more s uc c e s s t h.a n o t h e r proph e t s
of gl o om have e n c ount e r e d t hroughout t h e .h is t o ry o f man .
Be t hi s
as i t may , · · w e k n ow t o d ay , or at
l e a s t w·e ·b e l i ev e we k now , how Mu
d i e d , _ und e rm in e d by v o l c an i c gas e s .
Gran it e , ' t he pr imary rock in th e'
format i o"n · o f "t h e e arth ' s c rust ,
appe ars t o have b e �n h on e yc ombed
w i t h huge c h am b e rs and c av i t i e s ·
fi l l e d w it h h i gh ly e x p l o s ive vo l- _ _
can i c gas e s .
W h e n t h e s e c hambers ·
w e r e empt i e d o f t h e i r gas e s t h e
support ing - roo fs c aved i n , and t h�
subm e rs i on o f t h e land above fo l low e d·.. C hurc hward wro t e · t hat h i s
inve s t i gat i ons prove d t hat t h e
c a l am it y wn i c h o v e rt o ok t h i s early
c iv i l i z at i on was due t o t h e emptying- � f - i s e r i e s of i s o lat e d uppe r . ( N at i ona l Enqu i r e � . Apr i l 9 , 1972 ) .
gas c hainbers· t hat w e r·e u ph o ld ing * * * * * * * * * * .� * * * * * *
t h e l ana ; · · and wh i c h . .w e re probably
c onne c t" e d w1t"h · e ac h o t h e r by c rac�s
IND IAN
and f i s ·sure· s .
P o ·w w o w
( UN DERSTAN D IN G - MU )
5 t h Annual
* * * * * * * * * * "* * * * * ·
* *
N .orth Ame r i c an C lub
FRIEN DSlf I P DAYS
D I C K VAN - DYK E . SPEN DS . WEEKEN DS
Jun e 9 - � o - · 1 1
D I G G ING UP 1·, 0 0 0 - YEA R:.. OLD IND IAN
. 'ON H I$ . RAf C H · ·.
RELICS
.
Mac k Rd . , · Le banon , C onn .
Ind ian re l i c s · a bout l , O O O y e ars
For I .n format {6n C� ntac � s
o ld h av e · b e e n d u g · up-· by D i ck Van
N O RTH AMERICAN IND IAN C LUB
Dyk e on h is A r i z ona r'a nc h wh i c h i s .
.h i s · · ·
Fr i e nd s h i p Days
o n ly a 1 0-m inut e d r iv e from Box 2 5 1
b a s t h e s t ar o f " T h e N e w D i ck
jo
W i l l imant i c , C onn . 06 226
Van Dyk e Show . "
_
·
•
•
•
•
_
•
•
·
•
•
�( 14 )
( F i d d l e h e ad s
c o nt . )
adve rt i s i ng age nc y .
But a d e s i r e
t o w o rk for h e r p e o p l e b e c am e more
A way
A ft e r t hat the f e rn s are too l arg e i nt e ns e as s h e grew o ld e r .
and have l o s t t h e i r t e nq e rn e s s .
to h e l p pr e s e nt ed i t s e l f wh e n on
B e s t d e s c r i b e d as t a s t i n g m o s t
N ov . 9 , 1 96 9 , A lc a t raz I s l and was
l i k e v e ry t e nd � r s p i n i c h , f i d d l e t ak e n ove r by I nd ians .
W ithin a
h e a d s have b e e n a t rad i t i o nal me a l month aft e r t h e i s l and was t ak e n
w i t h Ma inac s e v e r s i n c e t h e I nd i ans ove r , Grac e T h o r p e w a s t h e re unt i l
t aught t h e wh it e man about t h e t a s - t h e e nd .
t y c u r l e d vege t a b l e .
O ft e n t h e d e I "D IAN PROBLEMS N OT ED
l i c i ou s gre e n i s gra c e d by t h e
T h e A l c atraz i n c id e nt ga i n e d
Bo i l ing i s a l- t h e Ind ian pe o p l e n o t h ing o f
ad d i t i on o f t rout .
s o t h e ac c e pt e d w a y o f c o ok i ng t he mat e r ia l va l u e , M i s s T ho rpe po int s
f i d d l e h e ad and when you c omb i � e
out , but it c le ar ly s how e d t h e
t h e p ink m e at o f a lemon f lavo r e d
p e o p l e o f Am e r i c a what s ome o f t h e
t rout a n d t he e xqu i s i t e t as t e o f
pr o b l ems o f t h e I nd ians w e re .
f i d d l e h e ad s , grac e d w i t h butt e r ,
T h e ma j o r pro b l em , s h e fe e ls ,
s a lt and pe pp e r , o n e l e arns why
· i s t hat o f land .
In h e r s pe e c h at
p e o p l e k e e p t he i r favo r i t e f i d d l e - t h e Unive rs i t y , s h e n o t e d that
he ad ground s a s e c re t .
I nd ians have b e e n on t h e N orth
Ame r i c an c o nt i n e nt for 3 0 , 0 0 0
( Bangor D a i ly N e ws , S at . - S un . A pr . 7 2 ) ye ars .
U p unt i l 3 0 0 ye ars · ago ;
*
*
*
* *
s h e s a id , 1 0 0 pe r c e nt o f t h e land
* *
* *
*
*
*
*
*
*
* *
b e l onge d t o t h e I nd i an , t h e nat ive
DAU GHTER OF ATH LET IC G R EAT
N o w o n ly t w o pe r c e nt
Am e r i c an ,
FI GHT IN G FOR IN D IAN C A US E
rema i n s i n Ind i an hand s , and ha l f
o f t hat i s d e s e rt and wa s t e land .
IND IAN I S LAN D - On T u e s day Grac e
Po i nt i ng out t hat o n e t h i rd
T horpe , a S aaU- fox I nd i an , l e ft t h e o f t h e nat i o n ' s land i s own e d by
S e nat e O f f i c e Bu i ld i ng in Was h i ng- t h e fe d e ra l gove rnm e nt .
i s s T h o rpe
t o n , D . C . , a ft e r t e s t i fy i ng be fore s a i d c urre nt ly $6 . 8 b i l l i on d o l lars
t h e S e nat e A ppr o pr i at i o n s C omm it t e e w o rth o f fe d e ra l land and bu i ld ings
T h at s ame n i ght s h e was on t h e ·
are c on s i d e re d s urplus and are up
Eve n d i s re gard i ng s om e
s t age at t he U n ive r s i t y o f Ma i n e
for grabs .
at O r o n o s pe ak i ng o n h e r w ork i n
anc i e nt t reat i e s w it h I nd ian nat i ons
t h e N e w I nd ian M oveme nt .
wh i c h s p e c i fy t hat form e r I nd i an
T OURS I S LAND
land w i l l reve rt to the t r ibe s i f
S h e t oure d I nd ian I s land br i e fly t h e �ove rnment has a mora l o b l ig
T u e s d ay , and a�a i n W e d n e s d ay , beat i on to g ive Ind ians a c hanc e t o
f o r e board i ng a p la n e fo r A ur o ra , ' b i d o n t h e land .
N . Y . t o s pe ak aga i n h e r t op i c at
ORGAN I Z ES IND IAN GROUPS
T o t h e s e e nd s s h e has work e d
t h e U n iv e rs i t y d e a l t w i t h t h e pas t
and future o f t h e Amer i c an I nd i an , o r�an i z ing I nd i an groups , and lo bby
a nd h e r i nvo lvement i n the movement i ng i n W as h ingt on f o r fe d e ra l l o ans
T h e d aught e r o f J im T h o rp e , t h e to h e l p t h e groups purchas e t h e s e
" C ar l i s l e I nd i an " who s e name i s
T he re have b e e n- s ev e ra l
land s .
A n Ind i an�
s t i l l rememb e r e d i n s po rt s c ir c l e s s u c c e s s e s t o d at e .
as t n e great e s t at h l e t e o f t h e 2 0t h C h i c an o U n i v e r s i t y has be e n e s t abl i s he d i n a f o rm e r c ommun i q at i on s
C e nt ury , Gra c e T h orpe has l iv e d
c e nt e r i n D av i s , C al i f . Urban
h e r l i fe i n t w o w o r ld s .
Of her
I nd i an s i n S e at t l e , Wash . re c e nt ly
pas t , howeve r , s h e · s ay s t hat i t
A
g o t 1 7 ac r e s at Ft . Lawt o n .
was o ft e n a c as e o f not b e i n g
J o b C o rps C e n t e r h a s b � e n t urn : d
a c c e pt e d qy e i t h e r . I nd i an s o r
o v e r : · t o W inttin · Ind i an s i n - R e d d i ng ,
Wh i t e s . ·
C a l i f . · fo r a t ra i n i n g c e n t e r and
S h e w o rk e d i n N e w Y o rk a s a
much-ne e d e d hous i ng and anot h e r
s a l e s w om an for t h e T e l e ph o n e C o . ,
( C ont . o n page 1 5
s o ld r e a l e s t at e and w o rk e d i n an
•
•
�
;
'
�:
·
...
.
;
�
..
( 15 )
..
c ont . )
( DAUGHT ·ER .
a smas h ing po l it i c a l forc e . But
we w i l l hav e the int ang i b l e
Jpb · C o rps b e nt e r i n R o nan , . Mont . ..
urilty wh i c h h a s carr i e d us t hrhave . be e-n t urne d · ove r t o t h'e S a l i s h · · oug� four c e nt ur i e s of pers e cu
Koot e n a i t r i ba i c o unc i l t o � ra i n
t i on �
We a�e a p � o p l e un i f i e d
Ind i an f o r e s t f.� � e ; n·g ht irig . c r ews .
- by o u r human ity - n o t a pre s s ure
. . A-not h e r ma J o r c on c e rn - i s · t h e
grciup un i f i e d for c onque s t And ·
o f f-r e s e r�at i�n I nd i an .
Of; the
from our gre at e r s t r e n gt h we
S r· C (\0:0 0 · I nqians i n· t h e c ount ry ·
" s ha l l wear d own the wh it e �an
( the s ame hilln be r as w h e n t h e Wh i t e
and . nna. l ly OU t last h im
·we
rn am f i r s t c am e t o Ame r i c a ) , more ·
s h a l l e ndure .
than 6 0 p e r c ent l iye Q f f t he· r e s·-e rvat i o n ." But i n s om e s t at e s - t h€· :
"( !' HAVE S P.O KEN page 1 6 2 - 16 3 )
* * ·. * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
perc ent age o f o f f...: r e s e rvat i o n . ...... '-·
Ind i an s run s h i ghe r , s he s a i d � ·
c it ing C a l i forn �� w i t h 9 2. p e r c e nt ,
FRANK . LOR I N G BU I LD IN G . · FUND
as an e xamp l e .
.- .
Many of h e r o_rgan i z ing e f fort s
T h e · c omm itt e e · f o r t h e Frank
have be en d i re c t e d t o p:e t t i ng the
Lor ing. Bu i ld ing Fund c o ns i s t s o f 1 ·
Bureau 6 f I nd i an A ffa i rs t o e· l hn i nRev . R i c hard Rok o s -C ha i rman
a� e i t s " on or near t h e re s e rvat i on "
W i l fr e d P e hrs o n-T r � a s u r e r
ru le s o t hat t he pr ograms . t hat are
V i c t o r i a Wh it e -S e c ret ary
offe re d t o :i e s � rvat i o n · I rid i an s can
L i one l T ay l o r , Jr ,
be pro v i d e d ·f o r a l l I nd ians .
JO's i e N e pt .une
PROM PT S T ES T IM ON Y
Eve lyn S a p i e l
I n fac t , it was t h i s d e s ire
Don'a t i ons go· d i r e c t ly int o the
that prompt e d her t o . t e s t i fy · be Frank Lor ing Bu i ld ing Fund at
N ort heast · Bank & T ru s t C o . ( S av i ngs
fo re t h e appro pr i at i ons c omm i t t e e ,
ac 6 6 tint ) , O ld T own , · Ma in e . · ·
She had gone �o Was h i ngt p n to d is T h.e _ C oIT1m i t t e e w i l l · a ppe a l
cuss t h e s urplus lan d $ s.i t uat i o n ·
t hr9ugh neYfs papers , ( Bangor Da i ly
with p e o p l e · from t h e' '. Bur e au . o f
N ews , . Penoos c ot . T ime s , . C hurch
Ind i an A f fa irs � : T h e y w e r e . ., not · i rt ·
W orl4 and · sh�ppe rs · Gu i d � ) , t e l e - ,
the i r o f f i b e , - �bwe ve r , - a� _ t h e y
we re t e s t i fy i�g · be fci r e th e ·c omril it t �· e . v i s i o n and rad i o .
.
...
. · M i s s l''l'r o �pe s.at · . i n · :on t he1F - . - ·
. T _he Frank . Lc;:>_r ing fam i ly c orit e s t irno ny ,- and .was _s o . �ppa l·l e d: . a'.:t
s i s t s of ·rn o.t h e r , fat h e r and · five .
1
c h i ld re·n .
T hr e e o f t he c h i ld r e n
the i r - lack o f conc e rn · f o r o ·:rf..:. '
·
re s e rvat i o n I nc Uans , . s h e imme d i at e ly a r e l iv ine; w it h R e v . D own e s ' · a
·. neth e r. w i t h . Ev : rett L o r i n:g and
mad e a r e q1-te s t t o . s pe ak h e r s e l f
..
. .Q .f 'h e r v i s i t t o . Ind ian" Is land , t h e . . Y .oµnge s t w i t h t h e parent s . . .
· Dat � o f f i r e s March· )"0-; 19 7�
s T h o rpe s a i d s h e adm i r e d · the ,,
Mis
.
One mas t e r c ove r l e t t e � w i l l .
" gut s · and : · s p i r i t" . o -f the pe o p l e· i n '
·
b e s e nt t o var i ous - o rgan i z at i oria . : , . ·
tryi n� · t 6 im�ro�e t he i r - i s land · · ·
S o l i c i t i n g wi l l a l s o be . � ci n e .
c ommunity � S h e add �d - t h e . · p e o p l e ·_
: :
, .
t hrough ts l e ph o n e ca l l s . � - � .
should � rj t o improve � h e e c ohom i c
·
T h e s � � e, o � t h e. b u i l � i!1� .w .i_ l l . .: , · ..
bas g � " . :Pe'r
baps t_hrQ.li.g� - sma l l , c- lean
.
.
be d .e t.e rm rn_e d b y t h e . amou11t . a �. · . . .. .
i ndustry , · ·a nd s a id · t he n e e d f o r
d o n·at i ons c.o l l e c t e d . · A ll w_� rk _ · · . : housing o n t h e i s land was- .gre at �
·
··
·
·
·
: :- :
_
d o n.e by. vo lunt e e -t � w o rk _. · . , . . .
. w i 1 1 b. e
.
T h e C h a i rman , and T re a s urer: 'a r� . . :·.
e ws
( Bang� r. . . Da. i' i y:. N
..
.
* * * .• * · * * *
·* : � * '* � t! · * *:� •·. , · : t h e . o r Hy pe o p l e who w i l l. b·e ab l e :.
·
·. : . t o w it h p raw fund s . Both s ignature s ,
.
.
.
.
1 ·. •
..
.. .
.
.
·. are ... n e e d e q � .
: . :_ .
,.
� ev ·e r have "
A s :. Indians w'�· "wi.1 1
· . · . . : -. ·
. : , ,.
J o s ie -N e pt u n e w i l l s e_e · about
the e f"f i � 'i erit 6re;arii z at i o n · t hat -- ·
. .
.. from s o.;.
hav i n"g "· 'p o st e rs · made up .
ga i n s .. g:te at . c on c e s s i on s
'
. ···T h e C omm i t t e e . . i s ' t o· s e e · t h -i s ·
We W i l l
c i e ty i n t h e mark.e t p lac. e .pro j e c "t t h rough t o t h e e n d .
n e ve r 'h ave a· powe .rful l obby or : be
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4/1 ")/72 )
·
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�( l f; )
L I FE AND T RA D IT I ON S
O F THE R EDMAN
T h e t h i ngs you w i l l s e e you
w i l l n e v e r forge t .
T h e t im e s ure
ly has n ow c ome , and o n ly a few
m o re words t h e n a l l s h a l l be d one .
Fo r f e a r t h e pe o p l e may d oubt my
w o rk s , i t w i l l b e n e c e s s ary for
you to s how t hem the pow e r you get
t h i s n i gh t , so wh e n you hav e c ome
d own from t h e air e ac h on e o f you
s ha l l go to your home , and on the
m o rrow w h e n t h e . s u n i s h i gh e s t you
s ha l l all me e t o n a h i gh ground
and t h e r e bu i ld a hou s e t h e en
t ranc e of wh i c h s ha l l be l o w , s o
t hat you c re e p l ik e t h e bab e in
e nt e r ing i t ; but the t op s ha l l be
mad e ope n .
T h e hous e s ha l l be l o w
but v e ry s t rong .
S e ven d ays you
s ha l l be i n bu i ld ing it , and on
the s ev e nt h d ay at noon a l l of you
sha l l e nt e r and c l os e t h e d o or s o
t hat n o oth e r s ha l l e nt e r w i t h you .
A ft e r t h i s i s d o n e , one o f you , h e
t hat e nt e r e d f i r s t s ha l l s ing , and
in h i s s i n g in g s ha l l c a l l t h e s p i
re t o f e v e ry l i v i n g t h in g , and the
d i ffere nt s p i r i t s w i l l c om e to t h e
call .
A n d a ft e r y o u have t a lk e d
w i t h t h em t h ey s ha l l a l l d e part ,
and you s ha l l t h e n c ome out o f t h e
h o u s e a n d t ak e i t a l l apart s o it
s ha l l not s t and t he r e to be put t o
o t h e r us e . A ft e r y o u have gone
t hrough a l l t h i s , you shall�th en�
hav e d on e your part and s h a l l �o
home· to s t ay
.
•
•
�
•
•
•
A n d when t h e noon c ame , the
seven d id me e t on a h i �h ground as
c omma n d e d by N o- c h i - gar�n e h , and
d i d bu i ld t h e hous e as they had
be e n d i r e cte d s and whe n it was
bu i lt and ready t o ' be e ntered , a l l
•
•
•
t h e pe o p l e came t o w i t n e s s t h e
c a l l i ng o f th e · s p ir it s ; many c am e
.
from a far o f f , s o t hat . a very lar
ge crowd o f pe o p l e surround ed the
h ouse , but· none were a l l ow ed to
e nt er w ith the s p ir i t ua l m e n . A nd
a fter c lo s i ng t h e d o or , and wh e n
th e s i ng i ng b e gun , the h ouse sho ok ,
and wh en a s p i r i t arr ived .the who l e
p e o pl e c ou l d h e ar i t s arr i va l be
c au s e it s ho ok the h ou s e v i o l e nt ly �
and t h e p e o p l e d i d h e ar a l i wh at
t h e s p i r i t s s a i d t o t h e m e n in
t h e hous e , but c ou ld s e e not h i ng
c om e n o r a n yth i n g d e part . A ft e r
t h e s p i r i t u a l conferences had
e n d ed , and the s p i r i tual m en got
o ut , t h e y d id take the house all
o own and apart . · · and e a c h one w a s
a l l o w e d t o rest from a l l s oc i a l
i nt e r c ours e for s even d ays , and
a ft e r t h e s ev e n d ay s had pas s e d
t h e old m e n began t o v is it them
s e parat e ly t o l e arn from t h em
a l l t h e y saw wh i l e b e ing f i l l e d
w i th t h e s p i r it .
T h i s t h e young
m e n found t o r e q u i r e a long t ime
to ac c ompl i s h as t h e o ld men were
o b l i g e d to go t hrough the e xam
i nat i on by mak ing inqu i r i e s o f
t hem s e parat e ly and t h e n c ompare
the r e ports from t hem s o t hat a l l
t h i n�s be learn ed as i n o n e m i n d .
( L i fe & T rad i t i o n s o f t h e R e dman
by J o s e ph N i c o l ar -Pg s 4 3 , 44 , 4 5 )
*
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*
*
GOVERN OR
* *
&
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*
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COUNCIL MEET IN G
On May 2 , 1 9 7 2 t h e r e w i ll be a
m o nt h ly gov e rnor & c o un c i l me et
ing . One o f t h e t o p i c s o f d is
c us s i on w i l l b e land c la ims for
t h e Penobsc ot tr i be . At a Spe c ial
m e e t i ng held last Thurs day , A pr i l
2 0 , T o m T u r e e n e x p l a i n e d t h e land
c la im s and �ave a l i tt l e h i s t o ry
o n how t h e Ma ine I nd ians �ot
H e has been � iv e n t h e
s c r e wed .
go ahe ad by t h e governor to con
t a c t Jam e s Mu rphy and a c q u i re
what e v e r in format i on h e has , and
b r i n g it to the Govern or & c o un c i l
on May 2 . T h i s w i l l be a very
i m p o rt an t m e e t i n g . a nd a l l int e r
e st e d members o f t h e tribe s hou ld
be t h e re to e xpre s s t h e ir o p i n i on .
A ny p e r s on who want s t o a s k a
q u e s t i on o f the Govern or & c oun
c i l and d o e s not want to ask i�
h im s e l f c an write the que s t i o n
d own on a p i ec e o f pa p er and g i v e
it t o o n e o f t h e c oun c i l members
who in turn w i l l � r ea d it o f f b e
fore the gove rnor & c o unc i l .
Th is can be done
&
at
C ounc i l m o c t i n g l
any
Governor
�( 17 )
( THOM PS ON TALE ' S
•
.
•
C ON T . )
c an be s ent t o t
T h e Franlc Lor i n g Bu i ld ing Fund
N ort h e a s t · Bank & Tru s t -Ac c t
#34 066
O ld T own , Ma ine
044 6 8
any one ' s l i fe i n c lud i n g t h e W in
·
ooch P. s ; s o W i no o ch e s w i l l not be
all owe d t o eat h e r any more fooct
from the l and .
•
·
·
-i-···
�
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�
.- � 1 1
*
T h e Pen obs c ot I nd ian C orpor
at i on and t h e T r i b a l C ounc i l have
e a c h d onat e d $ 2 0 0 . for t h e U n i t y
C onvent i o n t o h e l p w it h t he food .
*
*
*
�
U n ive rs i t y C hr i s t ian Moveme nt
gave $ 6 1 6 . t o the U n ity C onvent i on
t o pay for t h e e xp�ns e s o f T h omas
Banya c a ( Ho p i ) and B e eman Logan ·
t o c ome t o t h e C onvent i o n . /
·
Le.nd
*
*
T h e s e c o nd it em o f bus ine s s
re lat e d t o t h e s e cu r i t y o f t h e
N at i on .
Jud ge O r o n o fe l t t hat t he
Pe o p l e are b e c om ing lax in t h e
prot e c t ing o f t h e Land .
I f th is
c o nt i nu e s t h e Nat i on w i l l be in
s e c ure and vu l n e rab l e and t h e land .
w i l l b e t ak e n away .
Jud ge Orono
said t hat t w o s t e ps w i l l be t ak e n
t o r � turn t h e prot e c t i o� t 9 t h e
Land .
Jud g e Orono out l in e d t h e pro
c e dure wh i c h w i l l c omme n c e at the
c Ho � ing of the c· ourt , as fo l l ows :.
( 1 ) A l l p e rs ons l iv ing on t h e
Land w i l l b e - id e nt i f i e d and � �
re c o gn i z e d as Pro t e c t o r s o f t h e
*
�
>
*
*
Bumpe r st i ck e rs w e r e mad e by
Doug & C onn i e Bradway , S pr in� fi e ld
t o h e lp w i t h t he expe n � e s , and are
on sale at the N ews l et t - r O f f i c e .
e
One d e s c r i b e s t h e c onve nt i on and
the oth e r is MARSH I S LAND IS
<
PE_NOBSC OT IND IAN LAN D .
::-
·
( 2') A 1 1 ·· p e r s ons l iv ing on t h e
Land who d o n o t w i s h t o be i
d e nt i fi ed a n d r e c o gn i z e d a s
Pro t e c t o r s o f t h e Land _ w i l l be
as k e d to l P. ave .
P e rs ons l e av ing t h e l and w i l l .
be ,Q; i v e n a l l t h e a s s i s t e nc e · n e e d ed
by t h e Pe o pl e t o mak e t h e pas s age .
·
(
:
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T h e th i rd i t ern o f t h e T ri ba l
C ourt c on c e rn e d t h e c itat i on t hat
was c e remon i ous ly g iv e n t o Jud ge
Orono for hurnan i t a r i ar i srn by t h e
\. �
S o c i e t y t o Pr e v e n t I nhuman i t y T o
;
,,
,-:-:� , ,,,
-:
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Eve ryon e ( S . P . I . T E . )
'
Jud ge Oron o >',j�- 1'. :.
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d e c l i n e d t h e awarq w it h t h e s e
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remark s ' "As l o n g ·.as i n human i t y
i .- r - ,. - �; ) r ·
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e x i s t s in t h i s w o r ld t od ay , s u c h
>�� · (� �- ·
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an award s hould n o t be g i v e n .
� :�-=-.� ./
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There fore , I d e c l in e t o re c e iv e
-;.' "
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th i s c it at i on .
H � c l} i d ed t h e
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b e � e ek in,Q; ou� inhuman it i e s and
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1..,,:,. .� - � .
mak ine; . t h em r i ght .
/· -=- _.:.
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T h e Frank Lor ine; Bu i ld in�
Fund to h e lp the fam i ly' who · w e re
burn ed out l a s t month has r e ac h e d
ab o ut · $i2 0 0 .
Fu�t h e r d onat i ons
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" It ' s d· e. grad ing , d em e aning and
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rac i s·t t. • • • we prot e s t t h i s d i s t ort e d
·
image o f t h e Ind ian pers ona l ity1 "
-
/
•
�( 18 )
S I X NAT I O S " I R OQUO IS " C ON FEDERACY
. .
GRAr D� RIVER C OU. T RY
. , ..
.
A pr i l ·
6�
}972
P r e s i d e nt R i c h ard · N·i x or r,
W h it e h o us e , W a s h i n gt o n , D . C . ,
U . S .A .
Brot h e r :
A t O u r s ix Nat i on s I roqu o i_s C o n fe d e racy . C ounc i l h e ld in . March 1 9 7 2 ,
it was brought t o our att e nt i o n a v e ry s e r i o us mat t e r re gard ing the
d ra ft i n g �nd i n c arc e rat i on of N at ive N o rth A m e r i c ans ( T h e Or i g ina l
P e o p l e o f t h e Am� r i c as ) , who ob j e c t t o part i c i pat i on i n ad h e r i ng t o
t h e un l �w fu l pra c t i c e o f d r�ft ing for warfare .
We also obj ect to the
d ra ft i n g a n d j " a i1. i ng b f nat -'ive nat i o ns who re fus e t o part i c i pat e i n
t h e fi rm e d Forc e s o f t h e Un i t ed S fat e s .
Pe rhaps t h e T r e at i·e s b e t w e e n our nat i ons have be e n forgott e n · by many
d u r i n g th e y e a rs , o r· pe rhaps t h e s e matt e rs ar e ent ire ly unkn own and
But t o u s ,
are t h e re fore unaware o f by many of your adm in i s t rat i o n .
w e have c are fu l ly re memb e r e d your arrangeme nt s i n t h e T re aty o f Ghent ,
re gard i ng our nat i on s .
··
M ay.· we rem i nd you. o f Att .i c l e lX , T re aty o f G h e nt , d at ed D e c . 24th ,
1 8 14 · , . wher e i. n t h e Un i t e d S t at e s and Great Br i t a i n r e s t o r e d a l l t r i b e s
and · h a t i on s b f Ind i ans · fo t h e i r s ev e r e i gn r i �ht s t hat t h e y had pre
v i ou s l y e n j oy e d pr � o r · t 9 1 8 1 1- prov id i n g that suc h t r i b e s and nat i ons
of I nd i ans d e s i s t· from a l l h o s t i l i t i e s a ga in s t the U n i t e d S t at e s arid
w e re n e v e r t o e ngage · i n warfare .
· ·
·
May w e � l s o re fe r � you t o Am� r i c an and B r i t i s h C la ims A rb it rat i on Vo l ·
1 1 , Part s 1 1 1 , lV and V , wh i c h c o nt a in s t h e many , manv p e ac e t re at i e s
w i t h nat ive nat i on s , wh e re i n t h e nat ive nat i on s w e re p l e d ge d neve r t o
t ak e u p a rm s aga i n .
A l s o p l e as e r e fe r t o your .8 2 nd C ongre s s , Pub l i c
Law 4 14 , C ha p 4 7 7 , 2 nd S e s s i on r e gard i n � " A l i en R e � i s t rat i o n A c t " ,
wh i c h s t at e s t h at an Ame r i can I nd ian born in Ganada d oe s not n e e d a
v i s a t o e n t e r t h e U n i t e d S t at e s and for t hat reas on d o e s not n e e d t o
r e g i s t e r as a n a l i e n eve ry January .
T h �.s A c t · ha s prov i d ed . t h e Or i �- ·
i n a l P e o p l e o f N orth Ame r i c ans w i t h N o rt h Ame r i c art C it i z e ns h i p · p e r ·
s e , and t h e d ra ft i n g and inc arc e rat i ng � � nat ive nat i o ns , w e c on� i d e�
t h e re fore t o be i l l e ga l and un j us t .
·
P l e as e ad h e r e t o our s o l emn t re at i e s wh i ch we hav e a lways uphe ld . May ,
w e ant i c i pat e e arly ad j us tme nt t o t h e pre s ent s i t uat i on-to be t hat o f
n o l onge r d ra ft ing nat ive nat i on s p e o p l e -a:nd imme d i a t·e r e l � ase. 9 f· . .
t h e s e nat ive p e o p l e h e l d i n - y.our · .c o nc e nt rat i on: c amps , for ·:t'e fus1ng t o
·
b r e ak o u r t r e at i e s .
·
·
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T hank you for your k i nd at t en t i on and _ y our c o nt inu i n g fri e nd� h ip in
m at t e rs o f . nat ive and b ro t he rly . c onc e rn .
Yours t ru ly ,
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:-
. · Lawre nc � · · Nant i 6 dk e , S � c r � t � ry .
.
. . . . ;
( Ed . N' o t e a . · T h i s :· 1 e t't e r o r' s u·pport was .s e nt: in :·r e �ard s t <:;) :- ;th� . � · ·
· d ra :(t .i.ng o f Mart i n :N �ip tune · , . fl. membe r o f t h e i Penobs c ot Nat i on ·•. )
J'
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�( 19 )
H I S T ORY
you n e v e r got i n c la s s , e t c .
h i s bre ast .
H i s l e gs w e re c h o p
p e d w it h t h e t omahawk , h i s han d s
c ut o ff , a n d f ina l ly a r i f l e - b a l l
Whe n wh i t e m e n f ir s t b e gan t o
d i s c harge d t o h i s m outh , s o t hat
s e tt l e Ame r i c a , it was e s t imat e d
h i s h e ad was b l own t o at oms , and
that t h e r e w e r e about 1 , 1 0 0 , 0 0 0
t h e bra ins w e re s p las h e d aga i n s t
I nd i an s in N or t h Ame r i c a n o rth o f
a n d y e t hangi ng t o t h e wa l l f o r
Mex i c o .
B y 1 8 7 0 t he re w e r e 2 5 , 7 3 1
thre e o f four fe e t around .
This
o f t h e s e pe o p l e l e ft .
And pe rhaps
man ' s han d s and fe e t had b e e n
the e ar l i e s t e x am p l e o f t h e c om pas - c ho ppe d o ff w it h t h e t omahawk . I n
s i on and fa i r p lay t hat w e r e t o b et h i s man n e r lay t h e who l e o f t hem
come the U n it e d St at e s of Ame r i c a ' s m e n , wome n , and ch i l d r e n , s pr e ad
found i ng pr i n c i p l e s c an be found i n about t h e pri s on yard , s hot , s c a l p
the ac t i o n s of C hr i s t o ph e r C o lumbus , e d , hac k e d , and cut to p i e c e s . "
who re pa i d t h e fr i e nd ly p e o p l e o f
*
the W e s t I nd i e s by imm e d i at e ly s e ndA ft e r t h e C iv i l War , wh e n t h e
ing 5 0 0 o f t h em t o be s o l d i nt o
I nd i a n T e rr i t o ry w a s d i s c ov e re d t o
s lave ry i n S pa i n .
W i t h i n 1 0 ye ars
be d e s i rab l e farm and ranc h land ,
of t h e f i r s t wh i t e land ings , the
G e n e ra l S h e r i d an , who s e o rd er s
Ind i an p o pu lat i on o f Pu ert o R i c o
w e r e t o " pac i fy " t h e are a , c on s i d had b e e n r e du c e d b y about n in e t y
e re d " th e re a r e no go od I nd ians
pe rc e nt .
but d e ad I nd ians . "
G e neral C us t e r
I n h e r b o ok A C e ntury o f D i s honor was pre t t y muc h o f t h e s ame o p i n
H e l e n Hunt Jac k s on re lat e d not only
i on . He c ons i d e re d t h e I nd i an " • •
an e n d l e s s v i o lat i o n o f t r e at i e s
. a s avage i n eve ry s e ns e o f t h e
w ith t he I nd ians b y Fat h e r Wash ing- word • • • o n e wh os e c ru e l and fero
t on , but she a l s o r e c ount e d s e v e ra l c i ou s nature far e x c e e d s t hat o f
o f the num e ro u s mas s a c r e s o f I nd ians any w i ld beas t o f t h e d e s e rt • • • I n
that w e re c ommon p lac e o c c u rre n c e s
h im w e w i l l f i nd t h e re pre s e n t at ive
through out the growt h of t h i s nat i on . o f • • • a rac e i n ca pab l e o f b e ing
One mas s ac re t o ok p lac e i n 1 7 6 3 n e ar j udged by the ru l e s o r laws · · appl i c
Ph i lad e l ph i a , wh e n a gang o f wh it e s ab l e t o any o t h e r k nown rac e o f
known a s t h e Pax t o n Boys d e s c e n d e d
men • • "
*
upon a v i l l age o f fr i e nd l y C on e s t o ga
Ind ian s , and l a i d was t e t o t h e s ix
" In our i nt e rc ours e w ith t h e
Ind ians t h e y found a t h om e -thre e m e n I nd ians , it mus t a lways be b o rn e
t w o wom e n , and a b o y .
"The s e poor
i n m i nd t hat w e are t h e m o s t pow
d e fe n s e l e s s c r e at u r e s w e r e imme d i - e rfu l party .
W e are as s um i ng , and
I t h ink w it h pro pr i e t y , t hat our
at e ly f i re d upon , s t abbed , and
c iv i l i z at i on o ught to t ak e t h e
hat c h e t e d to d e ath • • • A l l o f t h em
plac e of the i r barbarous hab i t s .
were s c a l p and ot h e rwi s e-· ·horr ib ly
W e t.h e � !3 .f.o:re c la im the r i ght t o
mangl e d , t h e n t h e i � 11ut s w e re s et
.
on f i r e , and m o s t . o f t h em burnt · - - �6nt r o i t h. e · s o il wh i c h t h e y o c c u py ,
and we ·a s s ume · t hat i t i s our duty
d own . 1 1
· t o c o'e rc e t hem , i f ne c e s s ary , int o
T h e f e w C on e s t o gas w.ho w e r e not
·
at home d ur' 1 ng ·t h i s · ·ra id. we re round- the ad o pt i o n and pra c t i c e o f our
ed up by the aut h o r it i e s and plac e d hab it s and c us t om s . " - C o lumbus
D e lano , S e c re t ary of ··t h e I nt e r i or
in the Lan c as t e r j a i 1 for 1 1 s a fe in h i s a nnua l r e p o rt for 18 72 .
ke e p i ng . "
T h e Pax t o n B oys s imply
rod e u p t o t h e j a i l , brok e o p e n t h e
'
* *
*
* * * * *
d o o rs , and w i p e d out t h e r e � t o f t h e * * * * * , * * *
a� c ount o f
ians .
I nd
A c ont emp orary
SUBSC R I PT I ON RATES
the s c e n e a ft e r t h e Pax t o n Boys rod e
o ff w e nt l ik e s o :
R e gu lar • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • $ J . 0 0
" T oward t h e m i d d l e o f t h e j a i l
yard , a l on g t h e w e s t s i d e o f t h e wal l C ont r i but i ng • • • • • • • • • • • • 5 . 0 0
S upport i n g • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 0 . 0 0
lay a s t o ut I nd i an whom I part i c �
L i fet im e • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 5 0 . 0 0
lar ly n o t i c e d t o have b e e n s hot in
·
:
�.1
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·
MA I NE I N DI AN NEW S LE TTER
P . O . B.o x . 5 5 3
Ol d T o wn , M2inc
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BU LK R A TE
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P OS TAGE
P A I D
Ol d Town , Ma i ne·
F e rm i t N o . 1 3
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COLBY . COLtEGE L I BRARY
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'1ATEHV I LLE1 , MA I NEI . 049 01
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (April 1972)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1972-04
Contributor
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-450
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/f3ec66f8fef9452a1ca8ddbe670d0f19.pdf
afc4b0245f1eee4aa04fba109e78f5bc
PDF Text
Text
VOLUl!E 2,
I•Jtn.IrER 12
AUGUCT
1968
FIRST TEACHER OP.IEHTATIOl! HELD
AUGUSTA - A historic meeting ·1as held in Augusta on August 13th - the
first orientation program ever provided for the teachers in the � reservation
schools.
Organized by tir. Louis· Doyle, Coordinator of the Diocesan Division of
India n Services, and Hother Hary Denb; .Mother_.General, Order -6£ the Sisters :of::.--
Uercy,
those in attendance included representatives of the 3 Reservations, the
Unitarian Universalist Service Committee, the American Friends Service Committee>
the Division of Indian Services, Pesleyan University, Passamaquoddy CAP, the
State Departments of Indian Affairs and Education and - of �ourse - the teaching
staffs of the 3 Reservation schools for the 1968-1969 school year.
l
'i'he teaching assignments for the coming school year are as follows:
Sister Mary Cyril - Principal
Pleasant Point School
Sister Mary Judith
Sister �1ary teatrice
Sister Mary I:ladonna - Principal
Indian Township School
Sister M.ary Colman
Penobscot School
-
.Sister Mary Eorraa - Principal
Sister �iary David
Mrs.
All but Sister Madonna and 11rs.
The Dept.
Christina Jones
(Kindergarten)
Jones were present at the orientation meeting.
of Education is in the process of recruiting a fourth teacher for the
Pleasant Point School,
to relieve overcro·wded classes.
Sister
.eatrice, who
__
began uork.at Pleasant Point last year under a special federally funded education
al program, is a member of the Passamaquoddy Tribe, and will be returning this ·
year as part of the regular staff.--her assignment uill probably be to the primary
grades,
here he acility to speak both English and Passamaquoddy will be most
helpful to the students.
'!he content of the orientation program, which consisted largely of informal
"round-table'; discussions,
emphasized the need for the teachers to be inno1lative
and imaginative in planning programs and special activities for the students;
the necessity for the teachers to consider themselves members of the conmrunity
and not just school teachers;
and ways of improving individual communications
e�ieen the school staffs and the students'
parents.
Conunissioner Hinckley point
ed out that teachers in other Indian schools generally participate•· in 2-week
long orientation programs,
and everyone agreed that similar sessions should be
planned during the school year.
Ir. Doyle stated that,
judging from the number of students successfully
completing elementary and Qigb school programs in the past,
there was certainly
need for improvement in techniques and methods of teaching, with more attention
being paid to the cultural and historical background of the Indian students.
Connected with this new interest in Indian education by the tribes,
the Diocese
and the state is the fact that this year - for the first time - all of the Reser
vation school teachers are volunteers from l.Yithin the Order of the Sisters of
Mercy.
They were all given special orientation materials assembled by Nr.
Doyle and Mr.
Hinckley.
(Continued on Page
2}
.J
�(2)
(Continued from Page 1)
Some of the discussion questions presented to the group by Hr. Doyle,
who
served as moderator, were:
How do Indian communities differ from non-Indian conununities?
�·Jhat may be the Sisters' role in the collDllUnity besides that of teacher?
·Jhat social, economic and educational proolems may the Sisters expect
to meet?
T·Jhat agencies and/or individuals may the Sisters call upon for cooperation?
How may the Sisters and the State Dept. of Education best cooperate to achieve
maximum benefits for the children?
In addi ton to the Sisters, Nr. Doyle and Indian Commissioner Hincl-:ley, the
following participated in the orientation program: Sister Mary Caritas, R.H., of
the Division of Indian Services; Father
ernard i..·iicknair, Pleasant Point Chaplain;
Father r,omeo St. Pierre, Penobscot Chaplain; Nr. �7ayne .ewell, American Friends
Service Committee fieldworl�er; Dr. Hillard �fall er, Professor of Anthropology,
and Miss l1yra Rothenberg, graduate student in Anthropology, Wesleyan University;
Indian Township Governor John Stevens; Pleasant Point Governor Joseph Hitchell;
Penobscot Lt. Governor Frederick Nico a; Passama�uoddy CAP Director Archie La
Coote; Dept. of Education representative Ro ert Jones; and Mr. Brad Greeley,
�
representing the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee.
The program-was held
at the Oblate Fathers Retreat House in Augusta, from 10:00 A.M. to 3:30 P.M.
PEdO:SCOTS HAKE NOHII!ATIONS FOll �InAL OFFICES
OLD TCUN
-
The Old Town Indians beat the Republicans and the Democrats as
far as nominating candidates goes
Tuesday evening, ·uhen they met at the Penobscot
Indian Tribal Hall and selected people to run for the offices of Governor, Lt.
Governor,
Representative at the Legislature,
and for posts on the 12-man Council.
Among those nominated �ere the follodng:
the present governor,
for Lt.
and Frederick Hicola,
Governor, Donald_ Daigle,
present representative,
Phillips,
Violet Francis,
Lolar, '.·!ilfred Pehrson,
Sappier, Irving Ranco,
Lyers and Eita Dana.
unopposed;
unopposed;
For Governor,
John Mitchell,
the present lieutenant governor;
for Representative,
John Helson,
for the Council, Vivian Massey,
Evelyn Sapiel,
John Sappiel,
Ernest Goslin,
llick Sappiel,
Matthew hitchell,
Eva Bisulca,
Ernestine Tomer,
Sebastian Francis,
the
.1..:eatrice
ernice
Teresa
Gale Daigle, Mary
Rules and regulations governing the pre-election activities and the actual
voting on September 10th were set up.
nie candidates uere reported already out
campaigning.
(From the fJangor Daily
Hews, 8/7/68)
'P..AVAJO COURSE ADDED BY EAU
FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. - Horthern Arizona University this fall will begin teach
ing the literary traditions of the Navajo people to Eavajo students, in the Uav
NAU ·will add a new course - 1:-!avajo composition and oral litera•
ajo language.
The course
ture - to its modern language program in the Athabascan language.
\·dll be taught in lJavajo.
The new course is designed to formalize the basic structure - spelling and
grammar·- of Navajo as it has been reduced to ·wr'itten form by modern students
of linguistics, and to encourage l!avajo speakers to read and write effectively
in their native language�
(From the Navajo Times,
8/8/68)
DID YOU Irna·r THAT
three �Tinnebago Indian boys from their reservation in Pebraska received summer
Camp Director
camp scholarships this year at Camp \1Tinnebago, in Fayette, Maine?
Howard Lillenthal plans to add two new Winnebago scholarships each year until
there are 2 tr�bal members in each of the camp's seven age brackets.
�- 3 E
D
I
T
0
R
I
A
L
S
THE MAINE INDIA..� I\1EWSLETTER
(Mrs.) Eugenia �. Thompson
EDITOR:
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at any of the following addresses:
Maine Indian Newsletter
42 Liberty Street, Gardiner, Maine 04345
or
�ry Yarmal
Pleasant Point Reservation
Perry, Maine 04667
or
Morris Brooks
Indian Township
Princeton, Maine 04668
or
Carol Dana
Indian Island
Old Town, Maine 04'68
HAPPY BIRTlIDAY
Early in
The Maine Indian Newsletter is two years old this month!
our two year history we ran into msny problems which had to be ironed
out, however none of them prooved to be insurmountable. Finances was one,
A third was help in putting the Newsletter together
PrJnting was another.
once it was pri.I)ted. A mailing list had to be compiled and a way to obtain
local news tirom the reservations was sought after.
Before starting out with the new venture we talked to several people
from each of the reservations and several other friends to see what they
Most were very helpthought of the idea and to solicit their advice.
ful but ene tribal governor would not answer our letter.s and left home
t\nTly one sunday morning when we told him we would be on the reservation
that day hoping to talk with him!
In those days the Newsletter was to be free until e>�penses became too
high.
Subscriptions neared the 800 mark before it became necessary to
charge. We expected our readership to be cut in half and sure enough this
is what happened.
This was at the end of the first year and five months.
Since charging for the Newsletter the readership has climbed back up to
nearly 800 once more. We have rea9ers all over the United States, in
Canada, Hungary, The Netherlands, Camal �one, and So. Vietnam.
Soon a copy
The Bells (He's from
ill be going to Scotland to Harry and Mary nell.
Scotland and she's from Ireland) have helped put the Newsletter together
several times, and told� us ·that they would like to continue hearing about
Maine's Indians after their return to Scotland.
One Newsletter uas passed from hand to hand until 12 different adults
had read it. So there's no telling just how many readers we actually have.
We are always after interesting articles and expecially local news
from the three reservations in Maine. -Occasionally we are told how some
one objects to an article published but when we ask the prson to send in
Usually we
a reply he sometimes doesn't, for any number of reasons.
print ever thin
•
�- 4 FACE TO FACE
With A White G�rl
ifho Lives On A Navajo Reservation
"The only thing white about me is my skin, and I was born with that.
In every other way I'm an Indian," says ;Jyona Smith, 17, who spent the
first fifteen years of her life on a Navajo reserv�tion in Arizona,
where her family operates a trading post.
"I've been away at boarding
school for the past two years, and I've found that I can succeed in the
white man's world (I 1«1as valedictorian of L1y class), but I haven't
been happy or made close friends.
"Life on the reservation is so wonderfully siliiple and beautiful.
The colors of the mesa chan6e constantly, and each rock has its own
personality.
Living so close to the land, the Indian becomes part of
it; there's a sense of nearness to nature, &nd God's presence is every
where.
White people can't seem to comprehend this.
dhen they visit our
house, they're so surprised to see our pet goat sitting on the couch
they say, 'It's cute' or 'Ooh, how unsanitary.t
But the Indian can
accept such a situation because he feels a kinship to all creatures.
han is no better than the animals-just different."
·vhen vifyona left
the reservation, she 11as struck by the great difference betNeen Indian
and white teen-agers.
"At boarding school the gr'"'ut goal •1as to be as
independent as possible, to break as many fa1nily ties as you could.
My Ind.ian friends 'irnuld never think this way.
11t parties on the reser
vation the whole family coues, not just the children, and ev ryone's
relaxed.
·rhe difference lies in the fact that Indian parents are
always open and honest with their children.
hen a young white child
asks his parents how a baby is born, they may ignore the question or
make up a silly lie; a Navajo simply explains the facts of conception.
Many white teens I've met seem confused about who they are, and I think
that's due to their p�rents-parents who are too insecure to be honest
and to enforce rules of conduct.
An Indian doesn't CJre about possessio�
or status; he knows his place in the universe.
1iy Navajo friends
respect their parents (even after they're married, the father is still
head of the fo.lilily), the tribe leaders and theh1selves. 11
·;Jyona feels com1::-1etely at home on the reservation but says, "I 1 m
never really relaxed around white people, except my ovn family.
Even
my speech reflects this.
An Indian would say, 'I have a pen red' in
stead of 'I have a red pen.'
1.Vhen I'm with white pebple, I make these
I'm also
slips speaking Bnglish - my thought patterns are Navajo.
If you put your
more relaxed with Indians because they're so honest.
faith in a Navajo, you'll never regret it; he'll always return your
trust.
But a white man will profilise one thing - and do the opposite.
Maybe it's because he lives in such an impersonal '"'orld that he's
By breaking avmy from nature, he divorces
always protecting himself.
•
himself frora his fe1low man. 11
t
"On cold winter aights
vvyona was brought up on Navajo legends.
my family sits around the· fireside and talks about the Mai-tao, the
The I·;ai-tso runs
Navajo werewolf - far fiercer than the English one.
the hogans and graves of the wealthy
faster than a horse, away frow
It can bewitch a ierson by gettins a lock of his
Indians it robs.
hair or fingernail parings; that's why feoJ./ NC:Lvajos cut their hair or
I beli J ve these le�ends - and if you believe in something,
nails.
it exists."
According to Wyona an Indian can accept anything he se·s, even the
(Continued on page 5)
�- 5 (Continued from page
4)
fantastic.
"Recently w e saw a cigar-shaped, glowing object hovering
overh ad - a flying saucer.
The tribe took it so calmly.
A Navajo
came into
he trading post and said, 'I saw a flying saucer.'
There
was no panic, no fear of being invaded; just
calm acceptance.
�
�
"There is a great deal of poverty and misery on the reservation,
c.nd large the Indian is resigned to his lot.
rfuch of his real
unhappiness is due to the white lllan - who took
the Indian's land and
refused to admit that the Indian's way of life has 8erit.
but by
"It's a culture worth preserving because it's noble and one of the
left to the Navajo.
The Indians I know would never try to
few things
change the white man,
in peace?tt
,
(From
SEVENTEEN,
July
why can't the white man allow
1968,
p.
the
IndiRn to
live
85.)
RECIPES
BROILED
(Makes
l� pounds
4
REINDEERBURGERS
Servings)
ground venison
16 strips fat back or
3 scallions, minced
4 round buns, toasted
14 cup dry red wine
bacon about
211
long
Salt to taste
Fresh ground pepper to taste
1.
Shape the ground venison intofour thick patties.
Lay two strips fat back or bacon on the top of each patty,
Place
then arrange patties bacon side down on a long-hangled rack.
Secure
two strips fat back or bacon on face up side of the patties.
2.
in rack,
and broil for two minutes on a side over glowing co2ls.
Broil about 4"
away from the coals.
Top each with scallions,
Remove at once to toasted buns.
1 tablespoon dry red wine, and a generous sprinkling of salt and
3.
pepper.
Reindeerburgers may be pan-broiled in bacon drippings - about
'
minutes per side for rare; or they may be broiled in the oven.
with strips of fat back or bacon, and
For oven brni�ing, top each patty
NOTE:
2
3
-
Al 1
nw
nh0nt
3
-
l� mi..nntei:; per side for rare.
dELCOME
TO SEBAYICK
The junction of route one and the Eaotport road has a new sign
since Indian Day.
The large, eight foot by sixteen foot sign welcooes
the visitor to Sebayick home of the Passamaquoddy Indians (e branch of
The sign was ere�ted by the Catholic mission
the Algonquian Indians.)
and was the project of Father Nicknair,
There is also a smaller sign
Since the signs have been
at the north entrance of the reservation.
put up, an increase in the number of cars passing through the
reservation has been noticed
a
s to
(THE
re
selling
-
- might
Indian goods.
WIGWAN WE�iXLY,
Vol.
1, # 19,
Aug.
be a chance for so . .ieone to open
20, 1968)
�- 6 CONFERENCE ON HUMAN R IGH TS & THE INDIAN
Held
at TOBIQUE
INDIAN
RESERVE on �ugust
28, 29,�nnd 30, 1968
The Conference had several excellent speakers and the topics
under discussion are all very timely.
Following is a list of subjects under discussion:
Indian
Treaty Rights
�merican Indian &
The
Law
Culture Of New Brunswick Indians
& Indian Sducation
Hu man Rights
Human Rights & Indian Culture
/
Among those taking
Chief
Tobique
i'1aine,
Indian Reserve,
Morris
for the
part in the Conference are Dennis Nicholas,
Joseph
Nicholas of Sebayick,
Brooks of Me,dakmigoog,
Newsletter,
and Ray Fadden,
MUSEUM in up state New York.
articles on Ray and his work.
reprinted in
the
near
Princeton,
near Perry,
Maine,
a reporter
Curator of the SIX NATIONS
The Newsletter has
INDIAN
printed several
Also much information from Ray has been
Newsletter.
Several other outstanding people are also on the program.
ARE INDIANS CITIZENS?
YES.
�Ll
On June
Indians,
2, 1924
born
in
Congress enacted a law conferring citizenship upon
the territorial limits of the
United
States.
Prior to that time citizenship had been conferred upon approximately
two thirds of the Indians thru treaty agreewents, statutes, and
na�ura lization proceedings.
From the U.S. Department df
(Reprinten
(Reprint�cl
Feb,
B.I.A.
15,
1968.)
YOU KNOVI
DID
tribes in
Interior,
from Menominee Prints,
20
- that in 1967, 304,ooo Indians belonging to
states benefited from OEO programs.
fJ:om Gr��t _ 1§lk e � .J�.Q_i:�n CQ_n�:iunity Vmice,
Feb.
114
19, 1968.)
Studies have shown that our poverty-stricken famiJies suff'er most
cruelly from lack of consumer protection and
1ack of buyer know-how.
I consider this the most urgent challenge in the field of consumer
informRtion and education • • • •
Today
34
million Americans
-
7 millio� f�milies - must try to
stretch poverty-level incomes.to meet
living
costs;
•
•
•
these
people
plagued by consumer problems unknown to the affluent @ajority.
(Excerpt
from Spec�a� Message to Congress by Pres.
and reprinted from Great
Lilkes
Lyndon B.
Indian Cmmmunity Voice.)
Johnson,
TREES
On .Monday and Tuesday,
visit
of the
Pleasant Point and
tribe
possibly some
the
Sept.
Indian
9
and
Township
10,
Jerry
Goodall plans to
to discuss
with some members
planting of some pine trees at Pleasant Point and
ash on swamp land at the Township.
great deal of interest
There
seems to be a
in the projects among the Passamaquoddy.
a�e
�- 7 (Continued from page
him.
3)
Each one o f u s should form our o�m opinion from the information
available.
After the second issue, I received a letter from a white lady
tellin g me I should never publish such
an anti-Indian article in an
Indian publication.
(Howeve·r the lady indicated that I didn't understand
Indians like she did.)
It was following this that I started putting my
Tribe following my name.
Indeed! This non-Indian, arm chair philosopher
understood how Indians think
better than I did!
Certainly all Indians
do not think as l do but I think
Indians are just as capable as -white
people in reading more than one side
of an issue and making up their own
mind as to what they think.
From necessity some very fiaeletters and articles are not published,
csually due to lack of space, but
some times due to other reasons, which
I feel no compulsion to go into at
this time.
An Eagle Feather should go to VISTA Bill Rupert and
to_ Virginia Francis
and to the others who had any part in saving the life -0f five year old
Kathleen Lewey at Pleasant Point.
(See story on page 20)
Sometimes, after
its all over we wonder if such federal
programs as VISTA really accomplish
any more than to keep young people out of the labor market,
it seems to be a place for college drop outs to R.
and sometimes
& R. while they "find
themselves" and decide what they want to do with their lives,
neither of
which is bad in itself.
Som�times this means its a little tougher for
serious people like I'm told the Ruperts are to 11reach" the people they
want to work with.
•rom what Mary Yarmal and others told my husband, Bill
has earned the respect of all of us because of his efforts which saved,
this little girl's life.
At least once during the time Bill was administering
mouth to mouth resusitation, no pulse could be felt and there was some
talk by some of discontinuing the efforts, but with hope all but gone the
efforts were continued and a life was saved.
This may make it tough on other VISTAs who do not have a life to save
in order to prove their sincer1Hy and I certainly do not want to indicate
that Bill is the only VISTA who has actually benefited the Indians of
Maine; but I do want Bill to know that we are all espec.fally grateful to
him for what he has done.
LETTERS
Dear Maine Indians:
«ust a line here to say I would like to be on y8ur mailing list of the
Maine Indian Newsletter.
I teach Indian Arts and C:rafts,
pottery & ceramics.
some white man's art too.
Soon
'nlank you very much.
As ever a Fellow Indian,
Miss Pauline Walisise
Tappinish, Washington
Sir:
Would you please. send the Indian Newsletter to my brother Fred Peters,
Uooddawn Ave Hyannis,
Mass.
Indian name is Sly Fox, Wampanoag.
Our father was from Gay Head on Martha's Vineyard and our mother
Micmac.
I am mailing you
2.00
to help with your expenses.
Bulletin which runs into quite a bit.
Thanking you again,
P.S.
Late Dawn.
We have a
�(Letters,
continued from page
- 8 -
7)
p�oblem , I think Coutesy is due me.
·
some of my needy brothers could use.
is awful for me.
I have all kinds of clothes that·
(if not too prowd).
But the postage
You see I am on ADC.
But I have many good friends �-1ho
are always donating things' for our annual F.E.I.L. rummage sale. (Fed
erated Eastern Ind. League.)
Hell my dear brother so long for now.
Dear Mrs.
Thompson,
I redeived a Newsletter on
Indian Affairs.
May be
English and
interested
from the Department on
I have no right to say what I think of your News-Letter,
�
or more Abenaki.
I am
I feel that I am Indian and I am very
in our �iaine Indians,
of our Country.
as well as other Indians in different parts
Your News-Letter unlike most,
found that
Indians of Maine,
the
Also they sent your Maine Indian News-Letter.
I found no pictures at all.
18
it was just packed with
But I
pages of neus from Maine and other parts.
I found it so interesting and I enjoyed it so very much.
My mother is English and so were her people,' my mother has a foster
Algonquian Indian mother,
who has teen her mother since she.was_l8.
father's side, I understand my grandmother was full blood Abenki.
t.hat she had left Indian Island at a very young age to marry.
She died
I understand that my grandfather was
t-7hen her children were very small.
Eneli1=:h and Abenki,
My
And
I don't know where in Maine he came from.
I
a very young age, I havn't done it in years.
-.;1a s tought about Fateri Tel·akwitha the Lily of the Mohawks.
I was head of
:ny class in school, on Indian History.
I am sorry to say I was never taught
I
learned beadwork at
to speak
Indian,
And in my
27
years,
I have heard my grandmother speak
Indian a feH times.
I am sorry to say I don't lcnm·1 much aLout my Al:enld people.
I v1ould like to learn so I can someday teach our young buck, who is now 19
months.
Their is also Indian in my hust:.and's family, but they didn't l:eep
much for records in those days.
Mrs.
we were.
Thompson one
Also they didn't stay ilut very long.
sunny morning a few months ago,
We just a typical family,
we mne not at
I was thinking our lucky
all rich or anything like
And I
We have food, a roof over our heads and our son has lots of toys.
stay home with him and care for him.
I told my mother why couldn't I help
an Indian child, who doesn't have these things.
Mrs. '.l;hompson I started writing to Mission's in different parts of the
that.
I
Some wanted so much money a month, one 25.00 for membership.
Some Mission's never
to send ?ifferent things and urite l:o the child.
answered .
One 'Father said he wasn't an adoption agency and one Missionary
Country.
wanted
said,
that they didu' t like Hhite
Indian got: the tent of me,
nice.
People and ue mal�e them beg.
qell my
I went on the ,.,,ar-path.
Father Ed\·;rards \·1rote from Red Cloud Mission in South Dakota, he uas very
He told me that, he had 500 children at the school and not as.many
Sisters.
So the children wouldn't be .able to t·rrite,
couldn 1 t keep up.
Hhich I can imders tand,
Lut
because the Sisters
he sai4 that he would be very
he told me what he neede<l.
pleased if ue could help him in some way.
And
have written,
Mean while we \.Jrote to Homan
from Fathers and Sisters,
I received a letter from Father O'Toole of the St. Ann's Mission
at Peter Dana Point, in Princeton, Maine.
He waa so very nice and took the
He
time to see if he could find a child, he sent us a name of a young boy.
Then
1
but lre havn't heard as yet.
Circle Magazine,
we have had so many nice letters
Indian girls that 1:-Jere a great help.
help
me.
to get books and other
fe1:1 months,
adopted
Also I had a few girls uho wanted to
we are making clothes trying
So, us girls have started like a cluu,
thing�.
·Then we will send them to the Mission every
Also the girls have
Peter Dana Point.
our first one will Le for
Indian children and also have' taken foster Indian children in
(Continued on page
9)
�- 9 (Letters continued from page
8)
dif feredt parts of the Country.
I hope it will help a little.
I don't know how much this ':'li�l help,
but
Mrs. Thompso1,
I am looking for three more little Indian girl for
They must from 5 to 9 years old, Indian and may Le no m other or
father or can be living with a grandmother, but must need help.
The girl
uho takes the child, uill 't·1rite to her, send clothes and books.
And also
the giTls.
ill be interested in school and church of the child.
If you knou of any children, please vrite me.
These are all young
mothers, some of these girls are White and some Indian or half and less.
Tone of these girls are in the State of Maine.
Also we would like the mailing
address of the Mission on Indian Island.
If anyone would like to send dif
ferent things to us for the children, we would be very pleased.
I think ue could to a lot for our people, we had more that cared.
More like Father Edwards, Father O'Toole and the girls in our club.
and
I have sent no money Mrs.
Papers free,
Thompson,
I have aluays received my Mews-Let:.t.er
from other parts of the Country.
you would think of me as an Indian.
their Newsletter.
In Maine I don't know if
The State of Wisconsin just stppped
Mrs.
12
Francis
tli
(Madalene) Ames
Lowell Street
Lewiston, Maine 04240
address of the Mission on Indian Island is
% Reverend Romeo A.
St. Pi erre, St. Ann's Rectory, Indian Island, Old Town, Maine.
From
your letter I gather you think of Indian Newsletters and papers as
State News letters, such as when you ,say, '1The State of Wisconsin just
stopl>ed sending theirs.:.
For example'
But such is usually not the case.
the Maine Indian NewEletter is a privately .. supported Newsletter and
(The
Hhen
A lqt
this source of funds stops, by necessity the Ne�1sletter will stop.
of peop le put in
hours of �ark every month with out being paid one c,nt
to get the Ne1sletter out.
However the policy is to send the Neusletter
free of charge to all Indians which includes you.
However, I should point
Because
out many Indians send in their $2.00 and several send in more.
d�pends on suLscription money and gifts in order to keep publishing.
theirs
of the costs involved,
some Newsletters and papers do not exchange
uith the Maine Indian llewsletter, 1:d nee we are quick to send a free copy
of thE- Newsletter for--thti r paper, but we do not have the funds -to pay for
thPir Ind ian paper.
The projects you have outlined sound fine, and I am glad to see that
you contact the people concerned first, before you send an; clothes or
books to them.
Ma11y people who have old books and clothing which are. no
good to them
will send them to someone uorking on one of the Reservation�
thinking they are doing.the Indians a favor.
In some caRes they have,but
in other cases it turned out to be in very poor ta�te.
As you are already
aware,
it is bett:er to asl� first. -Ed)
Ft>r a course at the University I am making a collection of Maine mater
ials for the school where I am librarian.
I am very interested to find pamphlets, books or fact sheets on .
Maine Indians.
11ould it Le possible to have a copy of your newsletter aod
any other inform �im J"•u might: hnve?
I will .le gl.a<l to pay postage or any
other
charges.
Thank you
/
Mary Haskell
156
Wilson S t.
Brewer,
Maine
04412
�- 10
Dear Mrs.
-
Thompson,
He thought that the readers of the Maine Indian Newsletter might be
interested to knou something about this summer's volunteer group uorking at
In<lian Toi;mship and so here are some of the -facts.
There are a total of
teachers
- working with
oix adults
the children,
-
four of whom are professional
teenagers and adults in a variety
'Ii·10 of the teachers are wprking in the Head Start program,
o:f ways.
is f-,eing held in the school on the reservation.
School11
In the afternoon,
which
''Fun
is held in the house which has l>een loaned to us to live and 'l:·mrl-;:
in �y George Stevens, Sr.
During these afternoons,
all children may
come and learn h01:·1 to make various kinds of hanciuork. ·
play different games,
tutoring.
read amd listen
to stories,
They also
and receive individual
Sometimes we work outdoors uith the children,
sometimes indoors;
Every day is different.
Two of our volunteers are from Maine,
from New Yorl�.
Universalist Service Committee;
1966
leaciers in
tuo are from Illinmis and two
All of us were originally recruited by the Unitarian
Paula and r,falter Moulton were the group
ard George La Porte led it in
Edmondson are ne1 this year,
as
a
group,
we are able to offer a large number of
skills and a backgroun<l of knowledge uhich ·ue hope
that the uhole connnunity
will make use of uhile we are here this year.
Al so,
He 1:·10uld
CAP Direr�or
all the other
Betty and Doug
consi<ler�t.Je experience in working iith children of
Each of us has had
various ages and,
1967.,
as is �lilly Gilman.
lil-e
to use thlis opportunity to thank Gov.
Archie La Coote,
Mr.
Jphn St'evens,
Louis Doyle of the Portland Diocese and
finP people who have given us their help and encouragement.
Very
truly yours,
1968
SUMMER VOLUNTEERS
Co-Directors:
·Halter Moulton
George La Porte
x
x
x
x
x
The Higwam Peekly
The Higuam Weekly is a local ''Newsletter type"
formerly was puLlished at
Indian Township.
newspaper which
It is interesting,
informative
and full of the local neus 't1hich is difficult for most of us to ottain
�·1hile it is still current.
Now the Wigwam Weel..ly has been expanded to include
If you are interested and would like to
Loth Passamaquoddy r..eservations.
receive it,
see Lelou:
.
It
The Higwam Weel-;:ly is a pu�licat:ion of the Passamaquoddy tribe.
Its pur
is printed alternately at Pleasant Point and Peter Dana Point.
pose is to aid communications within the tribe and to provide a source
of news and information to concerned outsiders.
The newspaper encourages all of its �eaders
to the editor,
. c'ommun i ty.
notices,
and anything else
The Uigwam Heekly Hill be printed
Indians.
In order
to submit articlec,
lettern
that might be of interest to the
�6 times a year and is fr�e to all
to cover mailing expenses,
bo·wever,
Indians living off
o-i- the two Pas sama. 1uoddy Reservations are as�'ed to pay $3. 00 for �5 issues
of
$1. 50
for
18 icEues.
·
The neHspaper is availaLle to non-Indian
(Continued on Page
21)
sul.scribers
�PASSAMACUODDY:
•
GEORGIA
PACIFIC AGKEEHEI!T
•
!\'ITFIED
The agreement worked out between the Passamaquoddy Tribe and the Georgia
Pacifie Corporation (see story on Page 1, July Newslette
r) on July 12th was
1 ter ratified by the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Tri b al Councils, nd
a
igned by Governors Joseph �litchell and John Stevens.
Follm�ing is the complete
text of this agreement:
MElfilRAHDUM F UNDERSTMDING
on
Pas s amaquo ddy Tribe - Georgia Pacific Company
Forestry Training and Employment Program
**
*
*
*
*
The following items, programs and policies are agreed to by all the undersigned parties and will be implemented as indicated.
'Compant : refers to the Georgia Pacific Company, with division offices in
oodland, d.aine.
nTribe:1 refers to .the Passamaquoddy Indi an Tribe, with tribal
offices at the Pleas�oint and In dian Township r:eservations.
"�11 re fers
to the Maine Employment Security COtmDission and related employment training
agencies.
"Diocese" refers to the Diocesan Division of Indian Services, with
' Commun
offices in Portland.
: 'CAp1: refers to the Passamaquoddy Tribal Councils
ity Ac tio n Program, with�fices on the two Reservations.
A.
TRAINUJG
� The Company,
CAP, the Tribe and the �lESC agree to cooperate in a train
ing program to train Indian pulpwood harvesting cre·ws.
� The goal of his program is to train 3 all-Indian crews over and above
the one Indian CTew now functioning.
3.
Each crew will consist of one machine operator and from 2 to 5 cutters,
for a to�al of from 9 to 18 Ind ian trainees.
!!:..:_ In addition, at least one Indian experienced in pulpwood harvestin g
will be employed as a Training Coordinator to assist the Training Supervi&or.
1.:. The Tribe and CAP will be responsible for recruiting the Indian trainees.
In the event that more than 18 trainees apply for this training program,
appropriate testing will be conducted by the MESC to determine a preference list
of applicants.
� The Tribe and CAP, in recruiting trainees, will nominate those trainees
most qualified to be machine operators.
These nominations will be verified or
amended by MESC standardized t e sting .
7.
The Tribe and the CAP will be responsible for encouraging satisfactory
attendance of the trainees during the training program.
E.
FUNDWG
!.:.
The Company will pay at least Federal minimum wages to the trainees,
the Indian Training Coordinator and the Training Supervisor.
l!.. 'lbe Cotnpany will be partially reimbursed for these training expenses
by the prime OJT (on - the -job t�aining) contractor at a rate of $19 - $25 per
wee! per trainee during the training period.
The Company will make available adequate training machinery and equip
3.
ment (such as skidders and sal1s) to the training crews during the traini ng period,
at no expense to the crews.
4.
The Company will provide necessary forestry camps for any crews not
from tb'; Indian Township Reservation, under usual Company arrangements.
Resi
dents of Indian Township Reservation may use space in these facilities if space
is available.
5.
The MESC will be responsible for obtaining a prime contractor for this
OJT pr'Oir am who will establish, in cooperation with the Company, an approved
(Continued on Page 12)
�(Continued from Page 11)
the duration of the course, and other such details,
supervision of the MESC.
curriculum,
under the general
&.:..
During the training period, trainees will be expected to maintain
good attendance and promptness.
Trainees may be dropped from training for
excessive absenteeism, for misconduct or for similar reasons as determined
by
'
the Training Supervisor.
�
Any problems, grievances, or complaints by either the Company, the
prime contractor, the Training Supervisor or the Trainees shall first be reported
to the Indian Training Coordinator.
If he cannot satisfactorily resolve the
matter,
he will report it to the local MESC representative, who will be the chair
man of a Grievance Committee consisting of himself, the Training Supervisor,
the Passamaquoddy CAP Director and the two Tribal Governors.
The Grievance Com
mittee will hear all aspects of each grievance presented to it and will then
make a decision follo,�ing an executive session.
Decisions of the Grievance Com
mittee will be final •
..§.:...
mittee,
The local MESC representative>
as the chairman of the Grievance Com
is charged with an overall i1trouble-shootingj1 responsibility during the
training program and will maintain good communications with all parties to this
agreement.
C.
EMPLOYMENT
!.:._
Successful completion of the training program,
Training Supervisor and
Training Coordinator,
as certified by the
will qualify a crew or an individual
for employment with the Company.
l!_
ployees,
Such a crew may be employed on the Tribal Trust lands as Company em
harvesting, as prescribed in the Indian Township Cooperative Forestry
Management Agreement,
3.
ated
on a sustained yield basis.
Such a crew may be employed as a sub-contractor on the so-called alien
lots within the boundaries of the Indian
under the Company's management plan,
l:..
Township Reservation, harvesting,
on a sustained yield basis.
Based on the desire of the crews or individuals,
the Diocese will
assist in setting up and coordinating a joint tribal and private credit financing
program to enable Indian crews or individuals to obtain the equipment necessary
to apply to the Company as sub-contractors.
The current all-Indian creiv,
�
now working as Company employees on the
Trust lands and having demonstrated to the Company an adequate level of produc
tion,
may - at the discretion of the Tribe - be employed on the so-called alien
ated lot recently vacated by Mr.
Mannheim,
as Company employees,
to complete
the current harvesting contract.
All employment of crews or individuals as Company employees will be
6.
based
�
the demonstration and maintenance of adequate production levels, which
will be established with due regard to the experience level of the crew.
Any
crew working as a sub-contractor for the Company that demonstrates and maintains
such production levels will be eligible for employment by the Company as Company
employees on any Company-owned lands or on the so-called alienated lots within
the boundaries of the Indian Township Reservation.
7.
;! 1 1
Under the terms of this Memorandum,
the Company agrees that only Indian
be employed in harvesting operations on the so-called alienated lots
within the boundaries of the Indian Township Reservation as sub-contractors or
as Company employees who have demonstrated their ability to maintain adequate
crews
production levels.
In the event of the non-performance or non-availability of Indian
cre,�s to complete future planned cutting programs, the Company reserves the right
to hire non-Indian crews to harvest the alienated lots in accordance with these
programs.
(Continued on Page
13)
�· ( 13)
(Cont inued . fr-om Page 1 2 )
8.
The Company w i l l provide ade ouate refores ta t ion for road s ide s creening
in the areas vacat e d by �Ir . �Iannhe im at · the comple t ion of the current ope ration s
in tha t area .
I l! . !I TEE S S �·THEREOF the par t ie s here to have made and executed this Memoran
dum of Under s t and ing on the 1 2 th day of Ju l y , 1 9 6 8 .
GEORG IA-PACIF IC CORPOP.ATIOH r:,y / s / E . G .�Ji l son , General Mgr . , Hood l and Divis ior
PAS SAl-Y. QUODDY 1RIBE by I s / John F . S t evens , Governor , Indian Tmm s hip Re s .
/ s / Jo seph Hi t che l l , Governor , Pleasant Po int Re s .
rlAU!E E1'1PLOYHEET S E CUR I 1Y COi•J1-ITS S ION by J s / Jame s S choen tha ler , Chairman
D IOCE SAIJ D IVI S I ON OF IL IAl"! rnrVICES by / s / Loui s L . Doyle , Coord inator
D
PAS SANAC'UODDY CONNUHI1Y ACTIOP PROGP
�N by / s / Archie J . LaCoo te , Direc tor
...
On Ju ly 3 1 s t , the fir s t mee ting o f the above intere s t ed par t i e s was he ld
in "'o od land t o begin working out d e t a i l s of the training program .
The pr ime
contrac tor wi l l be the Amer i c an Pulpwood As socia t ion .
Approxima te l y 25 trainee s
w i l l r e c e ive 10 we eks of 40-hour s -per -week training , at $ 2 . 00 per hour .
Cons ecu
t ive clas s e s wil l be set up , b ased on the e quipment availab le , for from 5 to 1 2
traine e s a t a t ime .
l"' . Ralph Curr ier , Wood lands Manager for the GP Company
apoint e d out that the train ing was intende d for unskil led worker s , and said that
ski l le d worker s wi l l be screened and hired immedia t e ly at $ 2 . 3 0 or more per hour .
The Pa s s amaquoddy CAP and the Tr ibe have the respon s ib i l ity for recruit ing
and send ing app l i cat ions to GP for t e s t ing and s e l e c t ion of qua l if ied persons
by the l1E S C .
Two 3 or 5 man crews may be hired within the nex t week , pend ing
the pr oce s s ing of the ir re cord s and the che cking of the ir opera t ing ski l l s by a
G P oper ator .
Such per son s �il l work a 45 -hour week and be paid accord ing to
the ir ski l l s and exper ience .
28 name s wer e given to the local MESC repr e s enta
t ive for pro ce s s ing .
The training program i s to s t art in ear ly Augus t , with a February 7 , 1 9 69
c omp le t ion d a t e .
Training wi l l t ake place on tribal land s .
Although the con
tract s t a t e s thQt the men w i l l be traine d as harve s ters , i t was made c le ar that
the training curr iculum is sufficien t ly f lexib le to inc lude train ing for skidder
oper ator s , e t c .
There i s a l s o a po s i t ion for Ind ian Training Coord inator - thi s per son wi l l
b e s e l ec t e d o n recommendat ion b y the tribe wi t h his pay t o b e negot iated on the
bas is of his ski l l s , pre s ent rate of pay , e t c .
Actua l ly , 3 Ind ian Training
Coord inator s may b e needed .
The s e l e c t ion of Training Supervi sor s ( ins tructor s )
wi l l be the re s pon s ib il i ty o f the G P Company , from their regu lar pers onne l .
I t i s an tic ipated tha t the f ir s t group o f trainees .should b e s tarted by
mid -Augu s t .
The con tract a l lows for f i l l ing in of place s left by dropout s or
by persons who are cons idered ready for emp loyment be fore the end of a 1 0 -week
cycle .
Among tho s e pre s ent at the mee t ing on the 3 1 s t were Gov . John S t evens ,
CAP Direc tor Archie LaCoo t e , As s i s tant CAP Director J'ohn Nicho l as , CAP Hous ing
Coord inator Francis Sap ie l , AF SC Fie ldworker �· ayne Newe l l , Jame s S choenthaler
and Doh Oue l l e t te of the HE S C , S i s ter Mary Car i tas (repre s en t ing Louis Doy l e of
the D i o c e s e } , Ind ian agent Bud 't·!e s ton (repr e s ent ing Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley )
and 5 Company o f ficials , toge ther wi th a U . S . Depar tment of Labor repr e s entat ive .
PENOBSCOT INDIAN
PAG EAN T SUCCES SFUL
Peace -pipe s , chan ts and ceremonial dance s captured the at tent ion and imagi�-
at ions o f b e tween 1 5 00 - 1 800 per s ons o n July 2 7 -28 when t h e Penobs co t s s t aged
the i r 5th annua l pagean t .
Al though a t t endance wa s aver age for the 2 Saturday
shous , Ernes t Gos l in , chairman of the pagean t , said that Sunday ' s turnou t was
1 r ms. gni f icent even wi t h the thr eat o f rain ai l day .
T·Te p l ayed to an a lmo s t ca54 Ind i an s par t icipat ed .
(tangor Dai ly 1Jews , 7 / 2 9/68 )
pac i ty crowd . i ;
�(14)
US E S F ILM TO HE L P I LAC�EET IND IAUS A TTP.ACT rnnus rr..Y
�RC1.·!PUTG , Mon t . (AP ) - V I S TA Vo lun teer Jim Ludwi g , 2 7 , of r. o c he s t er , N . Y . ,
<..r e a te d a f i lm wh i ch he and the I :.lackfeet Ind i an Ha tion hope w i l l be the
f t r s t s t ep t owar d indu s t r i a l de v e l o pmen t for t hi s 1 . 5 mi l l ion acre re s erva t ion .
ha s
The 2 8 -minut e co l or and sound movie n a rr a t e d by tr i b a l Chairman E ar l O l d
Per s on shows the t r ibe ' s prepar a t ion for a c ommerc i a l futur e , in c lud ing a fu l ly
e qu i pped 6 7 -acre i ndu s t r i a l p ar k.
na t ur a l r e s our c e s abound , along with s cenic
b e aut y and ou tdoor r e creat ion s i t e s .
A $ 2 . 5 mi l l i o n a irpor t is p ar t of the
p l an by w h i c h the 1 2 , 00 0 memL er tr ibe ho pe s t o r e a l i ze i t s mo t to , 1 1 '11l e pas t we ' ve
g a ine d ; the future we ' l l achieve . "
Ludwig spen t a ye ar s ho o t in g the movie for whi ch the tribe b ought the sup
Hi s intere s t in Ind ian pr ob l ems began when at age 15 he saw a movie on
c ond i t i ons among the Hava j o .
It grew as he s tud ied f i lm-making at Sy ra cu se
p l ie s .
poor
Un iver s i t y .
1 1 ! r e a l ly b e l ieve the B la ckfe e t have the grea t e s t po t en t i a l among the
r e s erva t i o n s
in the Nor thwe s t , :i Ludwig s ay s .
However , he i s very much awar e of
such cu r r e n t prob lems as a l c o ho l i sm and a 40 p er c en t sub s tandard hou s ing leve l .
The are a , he say s , 1 1 i s l ik e an und erd eve loped coun try . "
He b eg an h i s work
ionme n t and then b e c ame
w i th an undue id e a l i sm , he says , • which turned to d i s i l lus
Ludwi g
a re a l i s t i c ide a l i sm that i s very pr a c t i c a l . ' '
Once he saved a boy from
s pend s much of h i s t ime working w i th Ind ian youth .
j a i l and on ano ther o c c a s i on he ar ra ng e d for an Ind ian y outh to s tudy in t he
Hi s many s ummer s working in y o u th camps have l ed him to plan hikes f or
East .
B e f o re
I n d ian young peop l e , whom he ca l l s "wond er ful and s incere and ho ne s t . 1 1
Ludw ig ' s h ike s , many young B la ckfee t had ne ve r b een to G l a c i er Na t iona l Park ,
13 mi l e s ue s t of Browning and ad j ac en t to the res erva t i on .
(From t he
1
Kennebe c Journa l , 8/ 5 / 6 8 )
TINA PROUD OF HE R TR IBE
by
Peg He nd r i c k
Chr i s t ina Franc i s , 1 7 , is qui e t ly proud of the tr ibe of Pleasan t Po in t
Pas s amaquoddy Ind ians to which she b e l ong s .
Tina , who i s the g ue s t of Mr. and
Nine
Mr s . D on a l d Paque t t e o f Nor th S tree t , Saco , i s one o f e igh t chi ldren .
o ther b r o t he r s and s i s t e r s have d i e d , e i th e r in ch i l d b ir t h or from s i ckn e s s.
Rev . B er nard Ni ckna ir , the d io c e san pr ie s t at the re s ervat ion , fir s t inter
Father Nicknair was , at
e s te d the Paque t t e s in the Pa s s amaquodd i e s l a s t y ear .
one t ime , a cur a t e a t S t . Andre ' s .Chur ch in Biddeford .
The Pa que t t e s , who have c amp e d at P l e a s an t Poin t , the s i t e o f the r e s erva
t i o n , are d e e p l y concerne d about the Tr ibe and took 586 pounds of c l o th ing , gar
According to
nered from fr i ends and re l at ive s , to Father Nicknair l a s t mon th .
Don , t he Ind ians a re t o o p r o ud· to accept ou tr i gh t g i f ts , so a r uumag e s a le was
he l d and the ar t i c l e s s o ld for a few ce n t s ap i e c e .
' Tina , who ha s been wi t h the Paque t te s for fo ur weeks , is r e c e iv ing a small
s a l ar y for hous eke e p ing and b �by - a i t t ing chor e s , b u t s ay s she ' s r e a l l y having a
She ha t e s to leave her ho s t s , " They are so g ood to me , 1 1 b u t fee l s
vaca t io n .
'
s h e mus t l e ave i n an o ther week .
nHy mo ther i sn ' t we l l , and a s I m t he o lde s t
1 1 She al mo s t d i e d when t he las t b ab y
g ir l she r ea l ly ne e d s my he l p , : i Tina s a id .
wa s b orn . 1 1
t he r e s erva t ion is far f r om e a s y , par t i cular ly for th e women who
lar g e f ami l ie s , o f t en wi thout e le c t r i c i ty or indoor plumb ing • • • •
Tin a , who regard s the fau l t s and vir tue s o f the tribe '·1 i th unb i a s e d eye s ,
She laughed wryly as she r e l a t ed
that l i quor i s o f ten a prob lem ther e .
Life
at
mu s t r a i s e
said
1 1 11le
tha t there ar e o n l y two tree s on the ent i.re r e s erva t ion of 1 00 a c r e s .
Tiley were too lazy t o go ou t in to t h e
re s t have b een cu t d own for ·firewood .
woo d s ,
I gue s s . "
(Con t inue d on
Page
15)
�( 15)
(Con t inued fr.om Pag e 14 )
the 1 2- f o o t t id e s i n C'uod d y � ay , g a rd en i ng i s a lmo s t non-ex i s t e n t
a t Pl easant Po in t .
!:: al t spray wa shes the land , maldng i t un f i t f o r growing
vege tab le s or even f or gra z ing ca t t le , ':'ina s ay s .
In the fa l l , deer and r abb i t
hun t ing pr ovide s f o od f or t h e Ind i ans , a s doe s year -round f i sh in g .
A l l o the r
f o o ' s mu s t Le pur chas ed , a di f f i cu l t task Hi th the average (per cap i t a ) i ncome
a s ke t
around $450 year ly .
Tina ' s fa ther works at the ·w o o l en mi l l in Eas tpor t .
e av ing and f i sh ing aLe the main s our ce s of inc ome on the reserva t ion , and ma ny
you ths leave the i r home s and go to work in � ang o r or : o s to n .
The 1 96 7 census
l i s t e d 338 p er s o n s l iving on the res erva t i on a nd 3 8 5 ab s e n t
Pa s s ama quoddy Ind ian b oys have served in a l l Amer i can war s , a l though I nd i ans
'1er e unab le t o vo t e un t i l 1 2 y e ar s ago .
A p l a que honor ing their s ervi ce in the
�evo lut ionary � Tar s tand s on the s i t e of an o ld ceme tery a t Pleasant Po in t ; several
Pas s amaouodd i e s are now serving in Vie tnam .
The re s erva tion h a s no r e s iden t d oc tor o r den t i s t .
( from
" S is t e r Eur s e 1 1
t he r oman Ca tho l i c D i o c e s e of Por t land ) v i s i t s once or twice a week to min i s ter
to the s ick .
Tina , 1:· ho wou ld l ike t o b e come a nur s e when she gr adu a t e s from
Ea s tp or t High S choo l , s ays tha t the ne are s t den t i s t is in Calai s , 23 mi l e s away
J.'hc Paque t t e s are hope fuL: tha t some c i t i zens in th i s are a wi l l have room
for an Ind i an chi ld for a week or more .
They are w i l l ing to serve as a c le ar ing
hou s e and wi l l arr ange any vi s i t s w i th F ather Eicl:nair .
A te lephone cal l to
Don or Den i s e Paque t t e could br ing , in D e n i s e ' s 't·JOrd s , 1 1wonder ful reuard s . n
The
couple p l an s t o take ano ther Ind ian chi ld when Tina leave s
� e c au s e o f
• • • •
•
•
(F rom the B id d e ford - S aco Journal ,
•
•
•
•
7/ 1 3 / 6 8 )
HAINE UIDIAN EDUCATI O!l ADV I S ORY COI-:u!II S S I OU
FORl.IED
nc o ln T. F i s h , Chairman , Haine Educa t i on Coun ci l , has
a new Ind ian Educat ion Advi s ory Commi t t e e .
'Ihe
pur p o s e o f the Advi s or y Connni t tee i s to make recommenda t io ns t o the var i ous pub
l i c and pr iv at e agen c i e s invo lved w i th the Ind i an s choo J s , concerning p r e - s cho o l
pr ograms , e du c a t i ona l and vo c a t iona l gu i d an c e , o n - t h e - j ob training , adu l t e du c a
t ion , s choo l dropout r a t e , coord ina t ion of s tate a n d f e d e r a l programs , and s c ho o l
GORHAM,
anoounceG
Aug .
o
-
L
t he forma t ion o f
faci l i t ie s .
The chairman of the n-ew Commi t tee is Hr s . Nar ion I ag l ey , D i r e c t o r o f Guid
at l fa ch ia s Me mo r i a l Ris h S ch o o i and pa s t pr e s i de nt of the 1aine Teachers
A s s o c i a t ion .
70 repr e s en t the Ind i an Counc i l at the Peno b s c o t Re s e rva t i on . Gove r no r John
lli t che l l ha s named Hr s . V ivian Mas s ey .
Governor Jo s eph Mi t che l l of the Pleasan t
Poin � e s e rva t io n ha s named Hr . Fayn e f:.!ewe l l , and Governor John S t evens wi l l
r e pr e sent the Coun c i l a t the Indian Tmmship P.e s ervat ion .
O ther memb er s of the Adv i s ory Commi t tee are :
hr . Thoma s Vo ce ,. As soc iate Dir e c t o r of Educa t i o n . D i o c e s e o f Po r t l and ;
S i s ter Nary Cyr i l ��ir · y , who has 't een a s s igned to the S t . Ann I n d i an Scho o l
at Pleasan t Po i n t aud �ho i s c omp le t ing a n a s s ignme n t a s princ ipa l o f a d i o c e s an
P l PmP n t ary s cho o l ;
l'ir . Omar tro r t on , Chie f , Bureau of E l emen tary Educa t i on and Supervi s ion ,
S t a t e De�ar tment of Educat ion ;
£� . Herber t s . Sperry , D i re c t o r , O f f i c e of Economic Oppor tun i ty ;
Dr . S t an le y L . Freeman , Co or d ina t or , Of f i ce of Re s eC\rch S u p p or t and F e dera l
Ee l a t ""ons , Unive-r s i. t y of Haine , Orono ;
1r . Maur i c e Li t t l e f ie ld , who is pr e sent ly D ir e c tor of S tudeq t Pe r s o nn e l
at Gorham S tate Co l lege and who wi l l be As s i s t- an t D i rec tor o f Develo pmen t , Unive r
s i ty o f l raine , Orono , a s o f Augu s t 1 s t ;
Hr . Edward llinclp ley , Commi s si on er , S ta t e Depar tme n t o f Ind i an Af fair s ; and
D r . Lona ld Ba��s , Admini s tra t ive Ass i s t an t to the Pr e s ident , Unive r s i ty o f
ance
Ma i n e ,
Or ono .
Dr .
F i sh
s a id the
i ni t i a l a s s ignmen t o f
the Advi sory
C ommi t t e e woul d 1:.e
ma l � r e cotmnendations concerning Indian edu c a t i on for con s iderat ion b y Governor
CUr t i s and the 104 th Le gis l a ture .
(From
the Peno s co t Time s ,
8/8/68)
to
�(16)
JOHH COLLIEit ' S VIS IOU
by D ' Ar cy l icPi ckle
( Con t inued from l a s t mon th)
S us t a ined by a s t rong ly int e gr a t ed per s ona l ity ,
the
in t e l le c tu a l
con t e n t o f h i s
f i e l d o f f i c er s ,
Co l l ie r never adu l t erated
',The ther wr it ing le t te r s to his
d i s cour s e .
addr e s s ing a mee t ing o f DAR ladie s , or pr e par ing an e d i tor i a l
t he Bureau ' s hous e or gan , Ind ian s a t 1
:Jor k , he wro te o r ta lked in a pro s e style
for
tha t o f ten daz z l e d and confound e d his aud ien c e .
On one o c c a s ion , after he had
s p e n t seve r a l hour s s pe al�ing e lo quen t ly on Ind ian va lue s and wor ld view t e fore
a :ongr e s s iona l commi t tee , at the con c lu s i on o f which the commi t te e memb e r s
tropped ou t o f t he me e t ing room g l a s s y -eyed , t h e c lerk o f the con:mi t tee shook hi s
head d e j e c t e d ly .
nuha t a p i ty , ' ' he remafked ,
said . 1 1
he
· · they d idn ' t unders tand a word
The Ind i an s , however , s e emed a lways t o under s t and .
E i ther the in terpre ters
who worked w i t h him wer e unu sual ly good , or his s ty le of spee ch tran s l ated readily
in to the r i �hly imaged n a t ive venacular s .
Hhatever the r e a s on , one ah.,ays s ensed
a qui cken ing o f r e s pons ivene s s when Co l l ier addr e s sed an Ind ian gather ing .
Hi s
vo i c e c arr i e d uarmth ,
brough t qu i e t
'
gen t i l i ty and d ign i ty ,
smi l e s o f r e co gn i t ion and
kind of d i s cour s e \Jh i ch Ind ian s
d i s p lay s imi l ar manne r s .
B e c au s e he wou ld no t
wa s
he
s ome t ime s d i smi s s ed
expounded
the qua l i ty o f h i s
a v i s ionary ,
as
the
as tu t e i n ob t a in ing
Ind ian deve lopmen t and
gr al:. b e r s ,
p e t en c e ,
trying
free dom t o
he uas
to
in t e l l e c t ua l .
Col l ier
Be cau s e
Ind ian groups and proved t o b e
accu s ed of
conver t Ind ians
turning
thumpers ,
leg is la t ion
the c l ock back on
in t o museum piece s .
Indi an 1 . exper t s 1 1
l obb yi s t s ,
over z e a l ou s· � ib l e
in
the
speaker s
conceptual grasp ,
an impr a c t i ca l
str ange med l ey of unl ike ly as s o c i a t e s
s p e c i a l - in t er e s t
b e en d i s cove r ed
In
of
c on s t i tu t e d a
I t was
good
t h e enac tmen t o f s u c h l i f e -giving
Ind i an Reorgan i z a t i o n Ac t ,
d e trac t or s
the ir
and more par t icu l ar ly , perhap s , b e cause h e in s i s ted
Ind i an Hor t h ,
on ex t end ing re l ig i ous and cu l tur a l
po l i t i ca l ly
tenderne s s , which
t e a s ing answer s .
could appr e c ia t e b e c au s e
temper
as
mo du l a t e d by
some t ime s
-
Hi s
fru s trated
of var ious
land
of
com•
shade s
Indian who had
and an o c cas ional par t - t ime
s ome a c t o f c h i c anery .
aimed at his admin i s trat i on , sub s e quent
the v i s ion and the prac t i c a l ity of the act ion .
T;J i t h e n c our agemen t to a c t ou t the ir O'(m l iv e s and with the b e ginn ings of financial
a s s i s t ance in r e s tor ing and d eve loping the ir r e s ource b a s e ( abrupt ly ha l t ed by
even t s
war ) ,
spite o f a l l
demon s t ra t e d
t he cr i t i c i sms
the
soundne s s
Ind ian t r ib e s a l l acro s s
the
of
trad i t ional
coun try seemed to r enel� the ir
incr eas ingly in are a s of in tere st
in the gener a l s o c i e ty .
Id en t i ty wi th an Indian commun i ty , even an urban com
mun i t y of r e l o c a t ed tr ibe smen ,
provide s a b a s e from which adapt ive and a s's imi l
t.Ji thout such a b a s e , th ere can on ly b e
a t ive pr o ce s s e s c an d r au new grow t h .
t r ib a l i sm ,
whi l e
a wi t her ing o f
at
the
s o c ia l
s ame
impul s e s .
Thus , Co l l ier wr o t e 7 )
.
value s to t h e ir memb er s ; to
s tr iving
s,o c i e ty
is
to be
a
I t may ye t happen t h a t
that
a
the
t ime par t i c i pa t ing
Ind i ans wer e no t
s pe c i a l d eb t wi l l be
i : so c i e t i e s ar e
be
and
to
thing s ,
l iving
sour c e s of po·wer and
fun c t ion in a c on s c iou s ly
per s on'a l i ty
fu l f i l l e d .
fragmented ,
11
l iving ,
a s p ir ing ,
d e per sona l i zed urban man w i l l g ive thar.�s
And on tha t d ay , however far o f f ,
to ta l ly d e s tr oyed .
o·t-Je d John Co l l ier for having de f ined and exp lor e d the
t erms by whi c h the Ind i an peop l e cou ld
6/ 3 / 6 8 .
survive .
Nr . McHi ck le. is a memb er of the Con feder a t ed
He is a pro fes s o r of an thropology a t
S a l i sh and Xoo tenai t r i0 e s of Montana .
(From The :t-!a t ion ,
t h e Univer s i ty
t he
o c c a s ion
l i er wa s U .
o f S a s ka t chewan , Re g ina Campu s .
of Mr .
S.
Co l l ie r ' s d e a th on May
The ar t ic l e w a s wr i t ten on
4 , 1968 ,
Commi s s ioner o f Ind i an A f fair s from
at
1933
the age o f BL:. .
to
1945 . )
Hr .
Col
�(17 )
HUJ CKLE.Y
AP_ Oib TS
DEPU TY
COHriI SS IONE.R
The appointment o f i-ir . Kenne th c . Thomp son, 31, of Freepo rt , a s Deputy Com
.
.
IIU. s sioner fo r the Department o f Indian Affairs was announced on July 22nd by
Commi s s ioner Edward C . Hinckley.
Autho ri z ed by the 103rd Legi slature , th e
po s it ion marks the first new admini strative po sition ( othe r than cle ri c al ) since
the Departme nt b e gan ftl nc tioning in J anuary, 1966 .
A 1963 graduate of Colby College
Mr . Thomp son worked 2 � yea.F s as a So ci al
_
\ o rker fo � the Augusta Di s trict Health and Welfare o ffice an:i gained some a dmin-
i strative experi enc e ·whil e o n active duty with the Army National Guard .
He graduated from the U nivers ity o f laine ' s College of Law, r e c e iving hi s IL. B . degree
in June of this year.
Hi s s enior the s i s a t the l aw s choo l was entitl e d , 11The Dimini shing Dominion
o f the Penob s oo t Indi an s . "
· ir. Thanp son come s by hi s intere st in Ind i an affa ir s
throug h t he f a c t that hi s wife, the fo :nne r Eugenia Thom a s , i s a member of the
Penobs oo t Tribe of Maine ( an d edi tor of the l�iaine Indi an Newsletter ) .
· They have
two c hi ldren and currently re side in Ga rdiner .
Commi s si one r Hinckley e xplai ned that 1-ir .
Thomp so n ' s ch i ef ar ea of re s ponsib
ility "WO uld be in the fi eld s or hous ing , sanit at ion a nd other construction pro
He will b e continuing the
grams for all three of l\ "aine ' s Indian r e se rva tions .
rork started in Augus t , 1966, by •fr . Tony Kali s s , who was as signed to the De partAs a re sult of
ment by the Ameri can Fri e rrl s Servi ce Comm it t ee in that mont h .
of activity in t he development 0f housing and s ani tation facili t i e s - identifi ed
by th e Tri bes in e arly 1 966 as an important priority - almo st $1 , 500, 000 of st at e
and federal fund s are now available t o t h e 3 re serva tions for s anitation construction pro j e c ts .
ust pre c ede the fe derally- a s si sted hou sing programs fo r
Th es e
whic h t he 3 Tr ib al Hou sing Authoriti e s ar e applying .
P
SSAI·lA�'UODDY
CAMPGROUND 1-iANAGER PRAISED
( The fo llowing l et ter was s e nt to State Fore s t Commi s sione r Aus tin Wilkins on
Augu st 2nd , re ferring to the writer ' s experien c e at the Long Lake C ampgro und . on
the Indian Township Reservation .
A similar letter, from another camper last
y ear , appear ed in th e June ' 67 i s sue of the N ew sl ett er .
Ir. David So c tomah,
th e c amp ground
1 s
manager,
i s certainly to b e commended for his fine servi c e .
-
Ed . �
Washingto n and Jeffer son College
Dire cto r
Washington, Pennsylvani a
August 2, 1968
'i-Iaine Fore st Servi c e
St at e Offic e Buildi ng
04330
Augu sta, Maine
15301
Dear Sir :
During July of this year I had the pl easure o f camping for a few days at
your L:>ng Lake c ampground near Prin ceto n .
I wa n t to take this opportunity to thank and congratulate your d ep artment
for h aving suc h a fine
caretaker a s you h ave at Long Lake .
Never ,
in th e ye ar s
I have been c amp ing , have I me t a more dedi cated , consci entious a n d accomod ating
c ampg ro und operator - publi c or private - t han David So ctomah .
The attention
he giv e s to individu·al c ampe r s while tending t o t heir menial, and sometimes tr iv
i al, reque st s , sh ould pe a con sp icuous example to campground mana ger s everywhe re .
The ch e erfulne s s a nd e nthusiasm he di splayed while ai ding all campers oo lve the ir
individual c amping pro b lem s r eflect s great credit on your d epartment, hims elf ar.. d
th e Sta t e of · .. aine .
I hope you will s e e f it to forward this letter with any .additional comment
Thank you for a memorable experien c e .
you may c are to ma k e . ·
( Copi e s of the le tter we re forwarded to
So c tomah and Tribal Governor Steven s . )
lir .
ls /FREDERICK
s . HENRY
lieutenant Colone l ,
Artillery
�(18)
HOU SING ArD SAAI TATION PRO GRAhS CCH TJN UE
TO ADVANCE
The Penob s co t Housing Authority i s still wa iting fo r approva.l of its Pro 40 housing uni t �.
Although this h ad been
exp e c t ed some t ime ago , new po li ci e s within the Dept . of Housing and Urban Develepment r equired addi tio nal fo rm s to b e sul::mi tted .
Thes e were approved by the
Eeu sing Auth ori ty at it s first annual 1ne etin g �n August 7th .
Thi s s ame me eting
mc-rked the el e c t io n o f o fficer s fb r th e coming year .
Mr . Hett.h ew f'iit chell is the
new Chai rman of th e Authori ty, replacing ··1r . i"Iatthew Sappier, who wa s ele cted
Vic e Chai nn.an - a po sition fo rmerly held by Mr . Nit chell .
Hr . Irvi� Ranco was
re-ele �t ed Treasurer, and 1ii s s Eli zabeth Gould was el e ct ed Se cr etary of the Autho r
ity .
F ather Romeo St . Pierre is th e fi fth membe r of th e Autho ri ty .
In the meantime ., e ngine er s o f the J ames Sewall Company c ontinued p relimi nary
de s ign v.ork fo r sewage and water systems and f aci litie s fo r the Islaild, and have
ha.d s ever al meeti ng s wi th membe rs of the Authority regarding alt erna t ive plans .
The Plea s ant Poin t P a s s ama quo ddy Housi ng Authority h a s s ul::mi tted to th e
New York offi c e o f th e Dep t . of Housing and U rban Development it s preliminary
Pro gr am Re servatio n applic ati on f or 50 housi ng uni t s , and th e Indi an Township
Pas samaquoddy Hou s ing Authority ' s similar appli c at ion is expected to be sent to
New York shortly .
In addition, the Indi an Township Authority and the De pt . o f
Indi an A.f f air s have begun negoti ation s for federal funds to as s i st in s ewage and
wate r constr11 c tion in t he Princ eto n " Strip " area, made pos s ible by voter approval
o f the June 1 7 th bond i s sue que st ion .
The engineering finn of Wri ght , Pi erce,
Barne s and Wyman' is continuing in the prep arat ion o f final plans and spe cifica
tion s fo r wate r and s ewage sy stems at Ple a s ant Point , and a w a ter system at Pe"ter
Daha Po int on the Indi an Township Reservatio n .
On all 3 Re servations , members o f the Tribal Councils and Housing Authori
tie s ( and o f the Pas samaqu o ddy Community .Action Pro gram , in Washingto n County )
hav e co nstituted thems elves i nt o s choo l building commit t e e s , to advi se the Dept .
of Edu c ation in i t s plans for new s chool c onstruction o n th e 3 Re serv ations, also
- leeting s were held on the Reservamade po s sible by the June 1 7t h bond i ssue .
tions on Augus t 12-14 �Qth th ese committ e e s , official s of the Dept . of EducatiGn,
and the archite ct hi�ed by the Department fo r th e new s chool building s .
gram Res e rva tion appli catio n for
-
r-iEl-DRTuL
SERVICJ:.
HELD
WASH fa GTOl\i
A memor i al servi ce fo r Clyde Warrior, president o f the National
Indi an Youth Counc i l , militant spokesman for Indi an ri ght s and freedom and cham
pion o f Red Po-we r , was conduct ed in the Bureau of Indi an Affa i r s audito rium on
July 9th.
Mel Thom, leader o f the Indi an d elegation to the Poor People ' s Campaign and
Poo r Peop le ' s Co alitio n, and Robert L. Bennett, Commi s sio ner of Indian Affair s ,
were amo ng tho se who delivered eulogie s .
Warrior, a member o f t h e Ponca tribe ,
di ed a ft e r a ye ar ' s illnes s at the age of 29 .
The funeral was at th e home of
his grancl father, William Colli ns, i·n Enid , Oklahoma, a nd he was' buried at White
Eagle, Okla . , a SJIJ.all Indian community o n Indi an land .
,
Often calle d t he mo st dynam i c Indi a n l eade r of the past 20 ye ars, Warrior
bega n hi s c areer of compas sio nate advo cacy by atta cking the welfa re systa:n and
He
the pat t e rns of l and exploi t a tion and menial l abo r pre s se d upo n the Indians .
went o n to i ni tiate att ack s upon th e power and attitude s of the Bureau o f Indi an
Affairs and oth er goverrnnent a gencie s .
He was t he first Indian to partic ipate
in c ivil right s activitie s and wa s the o nly Indi an re presentative at the 19 63
He w:>uld have b e en the
c ivil rights Har c h on Washj ngton for j obs and freedom .
Ind ian leader of the Indi an cnnt.ingent at t.he Poor People ' s C ampaign, but fo r hi s
health .
( Cont.irmed on Page 19 )
-
�( 19 )
(Cont inued from Pa�e 1 8 )
�1 arr ior had b e e n a prominent and contro ers ia l l eader s ince 1 9 6 1 .
He �a s
founder of the Na t iona l Ind i an You th Coun c i l , wh ich drew cr i t i c i sm from the
e s t ab l i shed t r i u a l coun c i l s for i t s ac t ivi t ie s on b e ha l f of Ind ian r igh t s , and
iad s erve d as pr e s ident of the PIYC for the pa s t tHo years .
It was large ly
�
through h i s e f for t s
to
j o in for ce s
In h i s
that Ind i a n s be came agr e s s ive enough in s e e k i ng
the Poor Peo p l e ' s Campaign .
w i th
s t a t emen t at
the
al Ind i an Youth Coun c i l , s a i d :
a t a t ime t1h en we uere s c are d .
service
Mr .
Exe cut ive D i r e c tor of
He gave us
Thom ,
. : C lyde gave us
a
the ir r ig h t s
new hope .
t he Ha t i on
courag e
He l e d us to know what f reedom migh t be f o r our
pe o p l e .
For many o f us he turned the t ide when In� ian l i f e se emed to be a one
to oiJ l iv i on .
He fr ightened people wil:h h i s figh t again s t oppr e s s i on
of Ind ian p e op l e .
i!i th cry s ta l c l ear word s he could t a lk of our Ame r ican sys tem
' h i ch f ew Ame r i can peop l e und e r s tood • • • • Clyd e is gone bu t never forgo t t e n . i i
way road
C l yd e T �arr ior i·1emo r i a l S cho lar ship fund i s be ing e s t ab l i s he d ,
A nat ion a l
i th an annual s c ho l ai.- shi p to b e awarded each year t o a s tudent o f the Of f i c e
o f Economic Oppo-r tun i ty ' s UPHARD :UOUiID program ;
to
C lyde Harrior h a d b e en a con s u l
Con tr ibut ion s
UP,-Uum .;JOUND program s ince i t s b e g inn ing .
fund may be s e n t to : 1".ir . l·!e lv i n Thom , Ea t i ona l In d i an You th Coun c i l , 1
t an t and
the
to
adv i sor
the
Ho t e l C laremon t ,
Garden Circ l e ,
Berke l ey ,
94 705
Ca l i fornia
UZ.·J S Fr..Ol'-1 HERE Aim THERE
- The P l e a san t Po i n t Pa s s ama quoddy D ancers appear ed on Channe l b,.
on Ju ly 30th .
- G�ernor Kenn e t h M .
Cur t i s s e n t a congra tul a t ory l e t te r to
u s t 3th ,
during a vi s i t
v i s i t ing
the
Perry ' s
to
the
he ld o n Ju ly 2 7 - 28 th .
5 th Annual Pagean t ,
Tribe on t h e o c c a s ion o f i t s
s e s qu i cen tennia l ,
Penob s co t
On Aug
t h e Governor spen t an hour
P l e a s ant Po i n t Re s erva t ion and ta l!dng i:-Ji th Tr i b a l l eaders
Ind i an To, m s h i p Re s erva t ion .
and from t h e
'IV
(CHSJ)
from there
- Per s i s t en t Ind ian t rac! er s in }lan i t oba located an 8 -year -o l d g ir l and
her 4 -year - o l d cro the r who had been l o s t for
11
d ay s and n igh t s
nie chi ldren appear e d t o b e in s at i s fac tory shape ,
coun try .
in de s o l at e bush
d e s p i t e the '. even � .
- T h e adv i s ory commi t te e o f t h e Ha ine Federat ion of Homen ' s
to make
r e s o lu t ion was vo t e d
l igh t
Club s has vo t e d
In d i an a f f a i r s t h e Fecierat ion ' s prime pro j e c t f o r t h e coming y e ar .
late
in the a f t ernoon •
•
•
an d
to a c l imac t i c con c lu s ion , ; . ac cor d irtg to one repor t .
s t a tu s
: : The
the s e s s ion from no h igh
l i f t ed
D ur in g
the
l03rd Leg i s la t ive s e s s ion , the Federat ion a c t ive ly endor s e d Ind ian affairs con
s truc t ion r e que s t s , w i t h favor ab le r e sul t s .
�
Un iver s i ty of Maine an thro po logy s tud ent s t h i s summer have b een s tudy ing
an anc ien t gravey ar d in Pa s s adumkeag ,
� , 000 y e ar s ago .
b o t h ac t iv i t i e s
t e am is
A s e cond
be l i eve d to have been used
by Ind ians about
con t inuing work on a s i t e near E lue Hi l l ;
are und e r the s uperv i s ion of Dr .
Dean Snow ,
a s s i s tan t pro f e s sor
of An thr opo logy .
- Al l 3
one ye ar of
Tr i b a l Counc i l s have approved
the V I S TA teams ,
probat ionary train ing per iod •
- On Augus t 9 th ,
vi s i t e d
the
sent
the p l acemen t on
for
.
S ta t e Mu seum Direc tor Rob e r t Damm and 2 r e s e ar c h a s s o c i a t e s ,
P l e a s an t Po int and Ind ian Totm ship Re s erva t ion s
t i e s o f fut ur e
the Re s erva tions
l as t month to the Re s erva t i on s for a one -month
to d i s cu s s po s s ib i l i
t r i b a l mu s eums b e ing p lanne d for the P.e s erva t ion s .
The v i s i t
took p l a ce dur ing a tour of h i s tor i ca l s i t e s in !!ashing ton an d Hancock Coun t ie s ,
as par t of a s ta t e -t-1 ide inven tory by
- The
February
(See
type ma i l a t
ex t end ed
can ada
in
the Hu s eum s ta f f .
I nde p ende n t Po s ta l Sy s tem of Amer ica�
Page 20 ,
than U .
lower
s�rv i c e s
January
S.
Po s ta l Depar tmen t r a te s ,
to Dal las and S t .
S e p t emb e r .
s ider ab le numb er of
formed
in Ok l ahoma C i t y l a s t
' 68 Hews l e t ter ) w i t h 3 c l i e n t s t o hand l e 3 rd C la s s
Lou i s ,
and p l an s
now has 7 5 c l ie n t s ;
The Company announced p lans on i t s
O!d ahoma Ind i an s as emp loyee s .
has
to b e g in fun c t ioning in
forma t ion t o hire a con
�(20)
GIRL !'!EARLY DRCHHS rn <:UODDY DAY
PLEASAN T POU:T - A five -year -old Pas s amaquoddy Indian g irl was reported
in s at i s factory cond it ion Pedne s d ay night at a B angor ho s pital after she wa s
nearly d rowned here
Tue s d ay , August 1 3th .
Kathleen Lewey was b elieved to have become frightened by a dog as
she
played with other children on the steep rocky shore Hne of Pa s s amaquodd y Bay
and toppled dol-m the incline into the water.
The g,irl wa s taken to the Eastern
Maine General Ho s p ital.
Virginia F ranc i s ,
16 ,
s houts from other children ,
and Joyce Murphy ,
22 ,
were
including Rus s ell E a s s ett ,
s ummoned to the
5.
scene by
�li s s Francis
stated
that the other g irl wad ed into the icy water s to her shoulder s ,
but was unable
to re ach Kat hleen who was floating face
She then waded
into the water hers elf ,
down and uncon sciou s .
swam to the little g irl ,
and dragged her to shore .
" I went d ol-m thre e time s and was awfully tired when my fe et touche d bottom,
so I called for Joyce , who helpe d us in , ' 1 she said .
Re aching the shore , Bill
Rupert ,
a VIS TA worker ,
The
applied mouth-to -mouth re s piration s ucce s s fully .
g irl was the n t aken to the Eastport Hospital where
she wa s believed to have been
tre a t e d for a cut on her forehead and given oxygen before b e ing transferre d to
the Bangor ho s p i tal.
Lewey girl is one of 16 children in the fami ly of �Ir .
The
Lewey .
Mi s s F rancis was working at her j ob in the
the children called her for help.
She is
and Mrs .
Sabbatls
Ind ian CAP office at the time
a sophomore at Shead Memorial High
School in E a s tpor t .
by Governor
A recognit ion ceremony of the persons involved was arranged
Curt i s for Augus t 2 1 st ,
in Augusta .
A F L� FOR S TICKS
Lacro s s e enthusiasts like to boast that theirs is the fastest- growing sport
around .
that make s
But last week the lacro s s e boom came to a s i z zling stop - the factory
Unt il the fire ,
9 7'o of the lacros s e sticks in the world burned dm-m.
the Chi s holm Lacro s s e Manufacturing Company near Cornwall ,
Ontario ,
doing a rus h bus ine s s , with production thi s year slate d for a record
had been
7 2 , 000
sticks ,
2 2 , 00 0 more than last ye ar.
Not everyone can make lacro s s e
The Chi s holm company's
of s tickmakers .
The
75
s t icks ,
which ret�il at from
employe e s are all Mohawk Ind ian s ,
sticks
are made from s e lect hickory ,
$5
to
$ 1 7 . 50 .
mostly d e s cendants
so s elect
gdeed
�
mile s a year / look over
wood .
Back at the factory , the Mohawks s e t to with electric drills and sanders ,
but even with such modern gadgets it s till took a year to cure and bend the sticks
that Colin C h i s holm ,
the company founder ,
traveled
1 5 , 000
in proper fashion .
In Canad a , an e stimated
stick shortage before the fire .
took up lacros s e th i s s pring , and many had been playing with
Unle s s the plan t can get b ack into .production.-:: soon out sticks �f the ir own.
a highly unlikely event s ince it was un insured - there will be a shortage of
There was
2 5 , 000
a
young sters
3 , 0 0 0 to·
4 , 000
s tick s
(From Sports
just in Ontario alone
Illustrate d ,
•
•
•
•
6 / 10 / 6 8 )
DID YOU KNOH THAT
b anks in we stern Oklahoma had to clo s e their doors temporarily this month when
Che yenne -Arapaho Ind ians rece ived a $ 1 5 m illion claims paymen t from the U. S.
The money - paid by check - was for land their grandparents bad
government ?
reluctan t ly .and �without �dequate - �omp e n s a t ion . iti the lat e eighteen
'
E ach tribal memb er received approx imately $ 2 , 300 .
had to le ave ,
hundre d s .
�( 2. \ )
Con t inued f rom
Page 1 0 )
a t a c o s t of $ 5 . 5 0 for 13 i s s ue s , o r $ 1 0 . 00 for a l l 3
6 i s s ue s
L o t h mai l i n g a nd p r i n t ing c o s t s .
If
you
ar e i n t e r e s t ed
in
s ub s cr i l in g
uhi c h cove r s
t he paper or c on t r i � u t i n g
to
toward e i t h e r i t s ope r a t ing c o s t s or i t s ar t i c l e s ,
·
p l e a s e lrr i t e
:Jigwam Ue eld y
P.O.
,
to :
B ox; 2 1 2
Pr i n c e t oE ,
Ma i e ,
OL� 6 6 8
PAS SAMAQUODDIES ELECT
The
Pa s s ama qu oddy IH<l iar. s e l e c t e d
The e l e c t e d c a nd i d a t e s
and
vo t e s
total
tril a l
their
·
wi l l
1 2 l � ba l l o t s .
cas t s
l e a d e r s on Scpt:eml ·er · 3 .
fo l l w s . A t
e as
e .t n t Re s e r va t i on t h e � e were
s : vo t e s
Gove rnor :
Eu3ene F r an c i s
Li e u t en a n t Governor :
T i mo t hy Neue l l
5 0 vo t e s
Tr i b a l Coun c i l :
Mary A l tv a t e r
73 vo t e s
4 9 vo t e s
John B a i l ey
C 4 vo t e s
F r ed e r i ck F r an c i e
F r e d e r i ck Moore
Jeanne t t e Ne p t u n e
Ar t hu r
�1e Ne l l
R e pr e s en t a t iv e t o Leg i s l a t ur e :
e i gh
Ind ian Tmm s h i p
t y - f ive L a l l o t o .
G overnor :
72
5 4 vo t e s
vo t e s
A l b e r t D ana
Re s erva t ion e l e c t ed t h e i r
John S t even s
L i e u t e n an t Gove rnor :
Tr i b a l
vo t e s
61
Coun c i l :
�}2
f rom a t o t a l o f
votes
t!oe l Gabr i e l
Ph i l omene Dana
B a s i l LaCo o t e
D e l i a Mi t che l l
G e or ge
l ea de r s
9 2 vo t e s
S t eve n s ,
David Tomah
3 6 vot e s
l!.L� vo t e s·
33 vo t e s
SR .
3 4 vo t e s
3 9 vo t e s
Fred
( Ed i t or ' s
Tomah 4 1 vo t e s
Re s pre s e n t a t ive t o L e g i s l a t ure : A l � er t Dana 3 9 vo t e s
No t e :
Our conera t u l a t ion s go to the people tha t you have
e le c te d .
If 1e c a n s erve you , p l e a s e f e e l f r e e to a s l: . . Your s i s a b e t t e r gove rne d
tri� e uhen a l l of i t 3 memb e r s s e rve .
Remem0 e r y our vo i ce i s heard t hr ough
h" �l_? ine
1!1� ,
.n
-�I�:f ]-�. )
I.ANKG RUN S HO R T OF
AS
CASH
I l JD INNS RUN IN WI TH CHECKS
C l in t on , Ol� l a . - The F ed er a l Gov e rnme n t p a i d Che y e nne -Arapaho
$ 1 5 -mi l l ion l a s t 1e el: nnd a l mo s t for c e d �1e s t en O!�lahoma b anke r s
t he ir d oor s .
The mon e y
luc t an t l y in
-
p a i d by
check - uas
for
t h� · 1 a �e e ig h t e en hundr e a s .
l and t h e ir grand p e r en t s
Bu t
t he
i g � J , and much of the none�r ue n t for mo t cn: <.:yc l e .s ,
and a l co ho l .
( Con t inued on P a g e 2 2 )
che cks arr ived
u se d
c ar s ,
Ind i an i::
to
c lo s e
l e f t re
in Augu s t ,
t ap e r e c or d e r s
1
�( 22 )
( C o n t,i nue d from Page 2 1 )
t anks ran s hor t o f e a c h and s e n t ou t o f to1m for mor e .
Some s t opped
ca shing che c k s un l e c n t he Ind ian s d e po s i t ed par t of t hem .
One s t ore s o ld
50 � i cyc l e s and � ou t t ha t many t r i cy c l e s .
The Ind i au s r e ce ive d auout $ 2 , 300 e a c h f or their share of the l arrd
the Gove rnmen � L ought f or 5 c e n t s an acte in the l a t e 1 9 th c e n tury
.
G e or e e L otrry , pre s id e n t of the Okl ahoma Nat iona l B ank in C l i n t m ,
s a id , : � 1e h ad a l ol � y fu l l of Ind i an s a l l d ay Fr i d ay .
We had to qu i t cas hing
s one o f the che cl:s ' t hou3h , and r e qu i r e a depo s i t on par t of i t . ; .
F . E . Durlce ,
s ay pr ob aL ly
pr e s ident
of
the F ir t t Na t i ona l B ank of
t h a t d ay �.,e p a i d out
A d e par tme n t
Hammon ,
s aid
, · 'I '
d
$l� 5 , 000 t o $ 50 . 000 . 1 1
s t or e man a g e r s a id , "He ' ve s o l d a j i l l i on t ape r e corder c . ! '
T h e Ind i a n s h a d a cho i c e o f r e c e iving the money in sma l l e r paymen t s o r
at once .
Mo s t v o t e d to r e ce ive t he payme n t in a l ump sum .
( F r om t he Neu Yorl� Time s , 8 / 1 5 / 6fJ)
all
FRIED BREAD
l:. cup s
r:
f l our
t ;J s p .
2. t sp
b al� ing p o� 1der
1
2 t � s p non - f a t dry mi lk
salt
s hDr t ening
tbsp .
2 cup s i·1 arm i·ra t e r
S i f t a l l dry i ngre d i e n t s , mix i n shor t e n ing .
Gradu a l ly add uarm
t·Ja t e r , mix and ��n e a <.�. ·un t i l d ough is s o f t er ough to hand l e , l e t d ough r i s e ,
mo l d
on
in t o t a i l s .
Go l f t a l l
F l a t t e n ·ui th hand s ,
i urn .
s id e and
one
s ize .
ho le
ma!-.e
in cen t e r and
fry
in d e e p f a t .
Brown
Re c i p e by Hargar e t Ro s s
(From
t he Red_ Lak� rre_
s��Ve! t i on Heu s , Red Lake Ninn .
6 / 1 2 / 6fJ )
MAilffi UID IAU HAD D I S TINGU I S HED HILITARY RECORD
of t he P l e a s an t Po in t Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ian Re s er va t i on
S ab a t i s �li t che l l
in H a s h in g t on Com:ty im s
r e ce ived t he r i ght
Lu d d ie s
vi ce
s erv in e in
the Un i t e d S t a t e s Navy
to vo t e
c a l l e d h im ,
in a n a t i on a l e l e c t i on .
l a s t y e ar a f t e r
r e t ired
in Vi e tn am .
con c l ud e d u i th a year
,
20
le s s
ye ar s
a f t e r the Japal! e s e a t t a cl� on Pe ar l Har b or and 14
y e ar s
1 1Mi t c h ' ' ,
tha n tuo
b e fore he
as h i s Air Fo�ce
year s o f a c t ive mi l i t ary
He a l s o s e r ve d
ser
in W or l d Har I I and
the Kor ean c 9 nf l i c t .
Hi t c h � ·a s l,?e l c ome<l home
Ac
t he
t o ok advan taee o f
<l an c e pa c e ,
l i l· e d � Y
th e i r
D augh t e r s
s tand s
of
f or Ame r i c a ,
c o n t inued
f or e f a t he r s por t r ayed
t oday 011 t h e b ank o f
the Ame r i c an I).evo l u t :ion ,
t h e ir home l and ,
t he
t r ad i t i on· o f
i t s Ind i a n p opu l a t i on �
(From
the
ful l t r i b a l r e c a l ia .
Coa s t a l
set
a f ier ce
Ind i an b r o t he r s who �. e came
the ir her i t age o f unwr i t ten
Mi t ch r e c a l l e d he had o f t en perf ormed
l ong 1Je f ore
Po i n t h a s a .l ong h i s t roy of
P l e a � an t
bis
f e l lm,7 s er v i c emen for
o n t h e Nor th Ame r i ca� c on t inen t .
A monumen t
in
a d an c e rhy thm dur ing t he par ty , Mi t c h ,
Like many of
r e l ig i oP.. a11d h a-:... i t s ,
d a n c e s uhi c h h i s
f e l low Ind ia n s
out
the oppor t un i ty t o s hou f r i e nd .... h e c a n s t i l l
:. r og an s and a l l .
admi r e d and
l anguage ,
Ly h i s
I1 d ian drums l> e a t
f am i l i ar
dur ing
t he whi t e man came
the 1"'8DJ
to p :.l
c on triil �t ing manpowe r for Amer � c 1 .
e r e c ted l;y the
Pas s amaC!uod<ly r.ay ,
honoring s ome 40 Ind ian s who f ought
the Revo l u t ionary Har .
f ine mi l i t ary
s er v i c e g iven
Cour i er Ga z e t t e , 7 / ll�/ GC )
th e
Mi t c h has
Un i t ed S c a t e s u
�(2� )
S CHOT.AR S HIP OPPORTUNITY AT H . Y . U .
( The fo l l ouing informa t ion was recen t ly
rece ived t. y the De p t . o f Indi an Aff a i r s
from the As s oc iat ion o n Ame r i can Ind i an
Af fairs
in Hew York Ci ty, wi th the r e
que s t ' t ha t i t be pub l i c i zed as ui.d e l y a s
po � s ib e among the Ind ian commun i ty and
qua l i fied Ind ian s tuden t s .
It s hou ld be noted that the qua l if ipat i ons do no t
inc lud e an underg radQa te maj or in psycho
logy . - Ed . )
i
Th i s i s t o inform you of an e ffor t tha t the De partment o f Psycho logy o f
t h e Graduat e S c ho o l o f Ar t s and S c ienc e s a t New Yor� Unive r
s i t y i s unde r t aking
to t ry and recru i t as s tuden t s in tere s ted memhers of the mino r i t y groups of t h i s
coun try ,
The D e p artme n t in tend s to ac cep t s tuden t s from mino r i t i e s over and a)Jove
the regul ar quo t a s , to app ly f lex ib�e s tandar d s in evalua t ing the app l i can t s ,
and to try to g ive · me aning fu l academic h e l p where needed .
At thi s t ime i t i s
no t po s s ib l e to mal�e any promi s e s , L u t s er ious effor t s wi l l b e made to provide
f inan c i a l help a t a leve l 't·Jhich wou l d enab le fu l l - t ime s tudy .
The Depar tme n t
o ffer s degre e s (pr imar i ly the Ph . D . ) in Exper imen t a l , Social , Persona l i ty ,
Commun i ty l1en t a l He a l th , C l in i c a l and Ind u s t r i a l Psycho logy .
'·Je are in t ere s t e d in t aking s tuden t s for th i s Fa l l as we l l as for nex t
Inter e s ted app l i c an t s who ho ld a B . A .
year .
1
shou ld -wr i t e imme d i a t e ly t o :
degree
Dr . Richard Koppena a l
De par tme n t o f Psychol ogy
l!ew York Univer s i ty
1 0 th F loor Bro'\>m Bui lding
N. Y .
-Jew York,
At tn :
Mr s .
B.
10003
S chwar t z
( I£ any pr o spe c t ive app l i can t s d o not rece ive app l icat ion forms fr� � �� . Y . U .
1i thin a reasonab le amount of
t iine a f t e r the ir in i t ia l inquiry,
the A s s o c iat ion on Amer ican Indi an Af fairs co l l e c t at
they may c a l l
21 2- 6 8 9 - 8 7 20 . )
ItID IAN HERITAGE CLAS HE S WITH �·THITE CULTURE
Ar i zona Ind i an s ar e d e s t ined t o be come 1 comp l e t e ly submerged in
the l arge,
gray ma s s of Amer i can Hed iocr i ty , " ac cord ing t o a d e s cend an t of one o f the
Southwe s t ' s mo s t ho s t i l e Indi an chie f s .
The pre d i c t ion wa s mad e , somewhat regre t fu l ly , by Mr s . Juana P . Lyon, o f
Phoenix , who s e gre a t -grandfather, Quanah Parker , and h i s Comanche war r i o r s terror
i zed fTo n t i er s e t t l emen t s a cen tury ago • • •
Mr s .
p l o yment
Lyon i s
Serv i ce .
superv i sor o f s erv ice s to Ind i an s wi th the Ari zona S ta t e Em
She is the f ir s t to hold t h i s newly created po s t and adv i s e s
the s ta t e agency concern ing emp loyment pro v lems which are un i quely Indian .
Un
emp l oytnen t and pove r ty among Ind ian s , accord ing to non - Ind ian s tandard s , are
con s idered extreme ly high .
About 100, 000 l ive on Ar i zona ' s 19 r e s erva t ions and
from 5 , 000 to 1 5 , 0 00 , depend ing on the season of the year, l ive in urban area s .
" The d i f ferent e thn i c or ien t a t ion among Ind i an s , 1 1 Mr s .
' make s
t hem ,
emp l oymen t
in many c a se s ,
as
d i f f i cu l t
such . "
: 'For ins t ance ,
Lyon exp l ained ,
to employ b e cau s e they are no t oriented tm arc
·
there ar e many Ind ian behavior pa t t erns
tha t ,
In this
r e f l e c t unfavor ab ly on Ind ian j ob app l i c an ts , n s he said .
1"1r s . Lyon ana ly zed the fre quent ly expr e s sed opinion tha t Ind ian s
want to wor k ;
that
Ind i an s ar e concerned ,
such as
conne c t ion
s imply d on ' t
they ' r e jus t p lain l a zy .
" 'lll er e are two answers t o t h i s
goal s,,
unle s s exp lainet
s t a tement , i i
you mus t re cogn i ze
pr e s t ig e ,
"As
she s a i d·.
that they
progre s s and p er sonal advancemen t .
mo a t Ar i zona trib e s i s that the ind ividual i s a member of
(Con tinued on Page
24 )
far as Ar i zona
are no t or_iented to ab s tr a c t
a
The ph i l o sophy o f
coamunity and shou ld
�( 24 )
(Cont inued from Page 2 _ )
no t push hims e l f ahe ad of his f e l low men .
If he doe s , many time s there ' s a
concentrated e ffor t to pu l l him down , 1 1 Mrs . Lyon po inted ou t .
n1.e se cond r eason for the apparen t lack o f ini tiative among Ind ians i s
r e lated t o the c lan ' s share -and -share -al ike sys tem.
"Anyone b e longing to the
s ame c l an is con s id ered a b lood rela t ive , I i she said .
1 An Indian who feels
tha t a r e l a t ive has some thing he needs can go and �s!< him for it .
For examp le :
If I , as an Indian , have a j ob and earn , s ay , $ 500 a month , I cou ld '�ind up
suppor t ing 50 r e l a t ive s .
In my c lan sys t em, i t i s re quired 't hat I give a
r e lative . whatever he wan t s .
There fore , where does this leave the incentive ? 1 1
.
she s a id .
(From 'llle Native Nevadan , 6/ 2 9 / 6 8 )
DIVISIOH OF INDIAH SERVICES ADVISOO.Y B OARD MEE TS
PLEASANT POirJT - The Advi s ory Board of the D ioce san Divi s ion of Indian
Service s me t at Pleasant Po int on July 1 3 th .
demb ers at tend ing were : Governor
Jo seph Mi tche l l , Governor John S tevens , Father Nicknair , Father S t . Pierre ,
Father O ' To o le , Mr . Ar chie LaCoote ( Pa s s amaquod dy CAP) , Mr . Wayne t1eue l l (A . F . S . c . :
Mr . Albert Dana ( Ind ian Township Par i s h Counci l ) , Ur . Omar Nor ton and Mr . James
�ro�m (Dept . of Educa t ion ) , and Mr . Loui s Doy le , Coord inator .
The me e t ing was cal le d to order at 4 : 30 P . M. and the opening prayer was
o ffered by Father Nicknair .
E l e c t ion of officer s was the f ir s t ord er of bus
ine s s .
John S t evens and Jo seph Nicho las were nominated for Chairman .
A tie
vo t e was ende d when Governor S tevens announced that he wished to withdraw :l.n
favor of Mr . Nicho las , and �� . Nicho l as was then e le c ted unanimous ly .
John S t evens , Wayne Eewe l l , and the Penob scot Tribal caunc il ' s represent
a t ive to the Advi s ory Board (unnamed) were nominated for Vice -Chairman .
.The
f ir s t vote resu l ted in a t ie b e tween John S tevens and the Penob scot repr e se�ta
t ive ; a second vo te e le c te d John S tevens .
S i s ter Mary Car itas was the only one nominated for Secretary , and so was
unanimous ly e le c ted ,
Hr . Doyle pre sented his repor t to the Board , describ ing
act ivi t i e s in the are as of hea l t h , educa tion > comnun i ty involvement and sumner
ac t ivit ies .
Coun s e l l ing and placement in independent secondary s cho o l s or co l
leges has been provided to 10 Ind ian s tudent s - a l l placement s involve some de
gree of financial as s i s tance .
Much int ere s t was shmm in the propo sed Tribal Leader ship Education Project
be ing prepared by the D ivis ion , and in Ricker Co l lege ' s propo sed Indian Scho lars
P..:-ogr am .
nt e Board unanimous ly agreed tha t or ientat ion should be provided to a l l
non - Ind ians coming onto the re serva t ions to work and that Ind i an s should be
( S ee s tory on Page 1 . - Ed . )
the pr inc ipal in s truc tor s in such programs ,
'nle Board r e que s te d l1r . Doyle to write to Mr . Dan Francis thanking him
for car ing for the recreationa l e quipment from last summer ' s vo lunteer program
and r e que s t ing him to turn this e quipment over to the Tribal Recreation Dire c tor s ,
Mr s . Mary A l t avater and Mr . Francis Sapie l .
111� nex t mee t ing of the Adv i sory Board wa� s chedu led for Tuesday , Septembe�
1 7t h , at 7 : 30 P . M. at Pe ter Dana Po int .
D ID YOU KNOW THAT
.rfargar et R. &tlth, daughter of ·fr . and l irs . Lawrence Fenalson of Prin ceton, be
came th e bride of Clayton s. Bailey, son of Nr. and · irs . Frank Bailey of Prince
The bride is em.ployed as a bookkeeper of th e Pa ssamaquoddy
ton, o n August lath ;
_
Comnunity Action Program :
- or th at about a dozen Ind ian s , r epresenting the Ni.cmac , Pequot , Pass ama
Bo ston
quoddy, Penob s cot and Wampano ag Tribe � perfonned c eremo nial danc e s o n the
Augu st 11th , on the eve of " American Ind ian Day " in Ma s sa c hu sett s ,
cormnon on
a s pr o c la im ed by Go v . Volp e ?
�MAINE INDIAN
NEWSLETTER
42
LIBER lY
S TREET
GARD INER ,
MAINE
04345
D ON ' T DELAY !
TO
c
GE T LOCAL AND
LONG
DISTANCE INDIAN NEWS ,
he following sub s cr ipt ion rate s are
rged for a 1 2 -month sub s cr ipt ion to
THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Indi an
on -Ind ian
"
"
''
- FREE
(Regular )
- $ 2 . 00/year
(Contr ibu t ing ) - $ 5 . 00/year
(Suppor ting )
-$ 10 . 00/year
(Life t ime )
-$50 . 00/year
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
l ive , fi l l out and send in the sub
s crip tion s l ip (be low) WITH the appro
priate amoun t .
Your sub s cript ion
will begin with the next ava ilab le
issue af ter your subscr iption s l ip
l s received .
TO YOUR
DELIVERED
DOOR EACH
MONTH !
If you are an INDIAN , wherever you live ,
f i l l out and send in the sub s cription
s l ip (be low) , identifying your Tribe
and enclosing NO money .
� addre s s labe l s indi cate the s tatus
.2f your subscript ion .
"F -I " means
"Free -Indian . "
The abbreviation o f
a month \JAN) is the time - next year your sub s cript ion fee will again be
due .
� � !!QI � � individual
expirat ion not ice , so be aler t !
(Com
plimentary and Exchange-siib'S"Cript ions
do not re quire renewal . )
- - � � - - - � - - - - � - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - �
I wou ld l ike to receive monthly regular is sues of the Maine Indian News let ter :
ADDRESS
DATE
IND IAN
_
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
__
NON-INDIAN
--::
...,..�
�
----------,_..
---�
--
( S treet or P . O . Box)
(City
S tate
AMOUNT ENCLOSED
TRIBE-----��----�-
_
_
_
ZIP Cod e )
Sub s cr ipt ion rate s : Ind ian -0- ; Non- Ind ian
$ 2 (Regular ) ; $ 5 (Contributing ) ;
$ 10 (Suppor ting ) ; $ 50 ( Lifetime )
-
S end this s lip , with your sub s cr iption charge , if appl icable , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Lib er ty S tree t , Gardiner , Maine
04345
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -� - - - - - - - �
Don ' t forget your Z I P Code !
�MAINE
42
BULK RATE
IND IAN NEW SLE TTER
U. S.
Liber ty
S tr e e t
POS TAGE
3 . E ¢ PAID
F r e e p or t ,
G ard iner ,
Mai n e
04 345
Permit
ADDRE S S CORRECTION
REQUE S TED
ge L ibr ar y
Co lb y C o l l e
Colleg
C o lby
0490 1
, Ha ine
W at er v i l l e
J AN
Ma ine
No .
33
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Aug. 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-08
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-458
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/91c3490e6b84bc49ff458ca2b028c683.pdf
e821ca5df8e38bd6464a6dfdddc01000
PDF Text
Text
VOLUME 2, NUMBERS 1 & 2
August & September 1967
PROCLAFATION
Given at the Council Chamber in Boston this third day of
November 1755 in the twen t y - ninth year of the Reign of
our Sovereign Lord George the Second by the Grace of God
of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King Defender of the
Faith.
By His Honour's co1wand
J. Jill rd, Seery.
God SJve the King .
whereas the tribe of Penobscot �ndians have repeatedly
in a perfidious manner acted contrary to their solemn sub
mission unto his i'tiajasty long since made and frequently
renewed.
I have, therefore, at the desire of the House of Repre
sentatives
thought fit to issue this Proclamation and to
declare the Penobscot Tribe of Indians to be enemies, rebels
and traitors to his Ma je s ty
And I do hereby require
his Majes t y ' s subjects of the Province to ewbrace all op�or
tunities of purs uing, captivating, killing and destroying all
and every of th e aforesaid Indians.
And whereas the General Court of this Province have voted
that a bounty
be granted and allowed to be �clid
out of the Frovince Treasury
the premiums of bounty
following viz. :
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
For every scalp of a male Indian brqught in as evidence
of their being killeJ as aforesaid, forty pounds .
For every scalp of such female Indian or. wale Indian
under the age of twelve years that shall be k ill e d and b ro ught
in as evid�nce of their being killed as aforesaid, t�enty pounds.
In the House of Rep res e n t a t ive s June 10, 1756:
For every Indian enemy thclt they shall kill and produce
the s c alp to the Gover...nment and Council in evidence, the
sum of three hu n dred pounds.
Also, voted, that t h e same allowance be made to privat e
persons who shall
ki ll any Indiun eneiuy which is made
to soldiers on the frontiers of the province.
•
•
•
(Cont'd p. 2)
�- 2 -
1)
(Continued from Page
(Editor's Note:
I
I
Recently we hap�ened to come upon
at the Maine Historical Society Library in
vJe thou.�ht it was about ti.....11e people realized that
not
&
general custom of the
bhis proclamation
Portland,
'cline.
;iscalping" was
Indians in this area until
the French
and the English taught them how to do it.
·
we haven't found any specific treaty nullifying this
proclamation,
so
•
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Wil lamette University Students Work on Housing Project
Eiglt students from
Willamette University spent their spring vaca
tion working on the housing project here on the Swinomish Reserva
tion.
The group wanted to accor.i:ilish soi .ething vrnrthwhile during
their vacation,
anted soue physical labor.
night during the basketball finals.
from ;.7ashington and Oregon,
fornia were represented.
ma� rooms,
and floors.
although Alaska,
(From The Seagul l,
*
•
and Cali
Several of the girls installed insulation
70
doors.
They have been one of the better
groups which has worked on the houses.
La Conner,
Colorado,
While here the group nailed gabeling up,
and painted approximately
Comraunity,
They caBe Sunday
Nost of the young people are
�·Je offer
our
thanks to theru.
Published at the Swinomish Indian Tribal
·uashington�
*
*
•
•
*
•
*
•
•
APRICOTS AGAIN
There are hundred,s of foods which were unknovm to the early
European explorers until the American Indian presented these foods
to them.
The following is an old
want to try.
Indian beverage which you may
E lsewhere in the Newsletter this month you �ill
find other recipes for snacks which the Indians also enjoyed.
This first recipe is taken from The Art Of American Indian Cooking.
Apricot Drink
(Makes
�
2
1
1.
2.
3.
8-10
servings)
pound dried apricots
quarts water
cup honey
Simmer the apricots .in l� quarts for
Put through
a
food mil l or puree in a
Mix in the remaining wa.ter and honey,
*
*
*
•
•
*
•
•
30
minutes.
blender
chi l l
•
•
until smooth.
rve l l,
and served iced.
•
Our mail
Besure an·d send in your news, stories and conunents.
·has been rather heavy for the last few Llonths but we are going to
Starting on the next
try and print more letters from Maine Indians.
page wou wil l find some that are very interesting.
*
•
*
*
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
�- 3 � D I
EDI'rOR.
T 0
R I
h
L
S
F.UGBNIA (THOi·rnS) 'rHOhF.:JON
(Penobscot)
•
.The ��ine Indian Newsletter is Maine's only state-wide Indian
newsletter, and is free of charge.
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publica
tion at the follo�ing address:
Pine Street
Free�ort, Naine, 04032
865-4253)
(Telephone:
Letters to the Editor are welcome but must conform to the rules
required by every newspaper.
They oust bear the writer's correct
mrune and address although pen names are permitted at the discre
tion of the Editor.
All letters must be si·ned though names will
be withheld from publication on request.
�reference till be
given to letters not over 350 1ords in lencth.
Letters are subject
to condensation or editing when space limitations require and to
correction of gram.mer or obvious errors.
*
*
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
MUSEUM
An Eagle Feather to hr. Ray Fadden for his enlightening
lecture and tour while visiting the Six Nations Indian ruseum
in Onchiota, Few York.
Onchiota is in the .Adirondack iiountains
just 2G miles from Lake Placid.
The Museum is open daily from 9 A.�. to 8 P.M.
It's worth a special trip to see this achievement.
The longest
beaded record belt in the rnrld is housed in the museum and was
explc..ined to us by Hr. Fadden 1 s son, an Indian arti•st v-1h_ose \1ork
�ay be seen in the museum.
The visitor way wander freely along the puths throuGh the woods
in back of the tiuseum and see replica storage houses, Lliniature
Iroquois, Abenaki, Lakota, Dela\1are and Mohi::;an villages.
Firewood is laid out' to show many kinds of Indi&n fires, some
of which were used on special occasions.
Mr. Fadden especially extended an invitation to tie Indians of
Maine to visit.the museum and to talk with the Indians there.
When I introduced my self as a Penobscot Indian from Old Town,
Maine, Mr. Fadden mentioned the Fhillips fa.uily :
(Mohawk) which moved to the Penobscot Reservation ill2.11f years ago.
Hr. Fadden also knew my grandfather, Evans Phillips, a
ember of
this family.
.
*
•
•
•
*
*
•
•
•
*
•·
_.
*
Don't forget to send your news in for next month's issue.
your friends know what you are doing.
Let
�- 4 -
(EDI·j�QRV�LS Continued)
Letters to the �ditor:
Dear Sirs:
Please send me the Maine Indinn Newsletter.
I have just finished
reading one.
I am from the I enobscot Reservation of Old To�m.
Sincerely,
Horace G. Polchies
Bridgeport, Comn
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
Dear Jean:
Enclosed is my slip for the Indian Newspaper.
l�lso to tell you of my brother appointment as sheriff.
You have
Murray Mitchell, who is my son & is a State Police.
My brother is
George Warren Viitchell appointed ( Deputy) Sheriff of \·lashington
County.
There is so many Georges in the family, its hard to
keep seperated.
I like your paper very much.
Sincerely,
Hilda Gray
(Scarborough, Me. )
( In the July issue of the Newsletter I mentioned that �urray Mitchell
had been ap1:,ointed deputy sheriff; ·as the abov� let tar explains,
this was wrong.
Murray r�i tchell wa.s appointed to the S tate Police,
alittle over a year ago.
(He was the first Maine Indian to become
a member of the State Police.) And as the let ter explains it was
George Mitchell who is the Deputy Sherrif in ti/ashington County.
See page 19 of this issue for a story regarding George :Mitchell.
My husband and I were sorry to hear of this incident, but am glad
to know Depu'£y !VIitchell is recovering satisfactorally. -Ed.)
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(Ed. 1rote:
The following let ter was sent to ·Mr. George La Porte,
mentioned in preqious Newsletters. This copy was sent to the
Newslet ter as the Postscript will explain. )
)
Dear Mr. La Porte,
I am very sorry that I have not flrote you sooner, but I have
First
been real busy lately since I have no work out side of home.
of all_ I wan t you to know I am a Chippewa Indian.
I worked for
Project Enable here in Minneapolis as an Social iide. I never
worked ·on reservation.
I worked here in the city, bu t I am hoping
by telling you my experiences I may be of some help to you.
I
will start from the begtnning of wy experience$.
I am a mother of 8 childreri and I am alone with them.
My
I can tell you I used to be a mother
husband and I are divorced.
who thought people didn't care about other people.
I never went
anywhere or did anything. Then T was requested by an Indian person
to attend the parent discussion group. He said they were going to
be all Indian people there; only the leader would be white.
They were going to talk about the problems we have with our children
(Continued on page 5)
at home.
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(Lett2rs to the Editor, Continued)
At first I said No, as I didn't really know what good it fould do
me, as people didn't care what har�en to our kids �t hoDe and
people didn't care ab©ut the Indians any- ay.
,so when he ca.i.ie back
the second time, I decided I would go and find out vihat it .. i:ls all
about.
'
So I went.-.
I am telling you I left t he meeting like I left
a load there.
Other people have less kids than rue, but more prob
lems.
I got alot of ideas and pnswers fro� the other wothers.
I
never did misp another meetin after that.
One thing I did do at
the meeting was vote out the all Indian group.
l�s I i1au never been
brought up with just Indians, and every school I ··rent to hu.d a
white teacher, so we then had a mixed grou:p.
I ·,1ent to the meet
ings for some time.
Then the leader we had asked ce if I wanted
to work for Project Enable.
I really didn 1t know what to s,:y, as
I only went to the 9th grade and didn't think an Indian could get
a job like this. ButI ara a person who likes to help peo1)le,
It
so that is really what made me apply for the job, and I got it.
surprised me to know some one was willing to give me a chance.
I went
''vhen I first started I didn't do my job right I knm1.
out and knocked on doors and to take people to �elfare office for
help and so on.
But when I went to team meetings and staff meetings
I only sat and listened to t ,e other worker�.
Then· one of the
leaders said to me one day, do you always agree in what people say,
and I said no.
Then she said, why don't you speak up in these
meetings.
I said, ·1ho is going to listen to me.
I never went far
in school and all of us Indians don't know it all.
She said that
is why you got this job as we Hant to hear what you have to say too.
From then on I was never afraid to talk.
she was a great help to
me.
I learned a
Everyone I worked riith helped me in ..:.iany ·mys.
great deal from this job; I have corue closer to my children and I
know an Indian has just as much right in this world as anyone else.
One thing how I knew Project Enable was a proc;raLl th ...-' t WC::.3 out
to help people: when I first became a rarent in the group meetings,
my apartment was condemned and the land (lord) was going to hold ruy
furniture.
Then I told at the meeting 7hat was going on.
On the
day I was ready to move, I had the whole Enable staff at my ·door
step to help me and nothing more was said, from the landlord I mean,
but it sure is nice to know people will help out.
I have had my up and downs in this job.
I have had people tell
me they didn't want Indians at their door, but I over-looked all
this and kept on with the job.
Right now I aw sorry it is over.
We were not re-funded, but I am ap}, ying for another job I hope will
be all Froject Enable.
I sure hope I have been some help to you, as I know it is a
But
tough job to get people out and really get through to them.
with all the let downs and what not, I aw sure you can wake it worth
while, as it sure has been worth while for me looking back at it
now.
Please let me know if I was any help and please let me know
how you are coming along.
I will be happy to know, an please feel
free to write me and ask questions.
If I can help you out, I sure
will.
I will be waiting to hear from you.
PleaGe excuse mistakes and
hand writing.
I always say I never got my j ob for ny writing and
spelling.
If they did hire on those terms I would of never made it,
(ha ha ) .
I wish you all the luck in the world.
Sincerely
(Cont'd on p. 6)
Sylvia Thohlpson
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Cont'd
5)
from page
(P .s.)
I here by give my permission for this letter to be published
in
your Maine Indian Newsletter, I hope I have been of soLle
helu to
bther people.
I would be glad to answer any questions if �e ple
would like to write.
Thanks,
�
;_;
hrs.
Sylvia 'rho:ill't>on
3201
Rurriet Ave.
So.
f-tinneappoles
55408
Minn.
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Dear I1rs.
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Thompson:
Our office
paper,
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publishes
approxi�ately ten
i'The Seneca Natmon Newsletter",
(10)
issues
a
year of our
and we Hould be very interested
in exchanging our issues for your isaues if this is
possible.
�ay
Thank you very much.
I hear from you soon in this matter.
Very sincerely yo�rs,
( Ed.
note:
SENECA NATION
.OF INDI.... NS
Just prior to receiving the above letter I had gathered
together some information to do an artcle on the Senecas.
9.
of this article will be found on page
Newsletter starts coming in
I will from time to tifile include articles
which uill be of intzrest to our readers,
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The start
s soon cs the Seneca
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Respected .t-:;aine Indian Newsletb�r
I
Dear Editor·,
.
I received the
Thank
Your
June
1967
You very much for
'
issue of the i'·iAii�E
You sent me
paper is very interesting,
of the American
Indians'
I read the article called
this.
INDIAN llJ"E;JSLBT'rl�H.
I am very hap�_.>y for it.
it talks about every i��ortant woraent
today life.
150
"The Penobscots
years ago" and the
letter of Buffy Sainte-t1iarie es11ecially ';/ith interest.
beautiful record of Buffy Sainte-Marie.
is
I
•r
The nai.ile of
I have
the record
a
"It's my way".
should have an other
ask,
if
You have an older issue of the
·
M1, INE INDIA1\f NE : S LET TE R what You don't need,
1-:ilease send it to me.
Yours sinceraly:
JOZ£EF
ACS
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Dear Sir or Nadam:
I have received one or tVJo issues of the b.AI�� INDIAN N:t.!J,J ...:.LETTER
and have found
them to provide most illuminatinb readin� on the
current activities and situation of the
Indians in Maine.
(Cont'd on p.
7)
As
I
�- 7 (Letters cont'd from Dage 6)
have not received an issue for more than a raonth, I ara concerned
lest my subscription has expired or the NE .';':>L-�·rT-::� hc..s fallen on
hard times. This letter is simply to ex�ress my inter�st and
concern and my hope that I '.!/ill be receiving r.1ore lE JSLETT:"Ii: S.
If there are anr areas in which you need extra services I Rould
be interested in helping arrange for such services.
I
Sincerely yours,
�. Bradford Greeley
(The First Parish in Portland, haine)
(Ed. note:
Due to vacations and not due to lack of funds the
Newsletter was not published in August. The Ne�sletter does receive
contributions from time to tifile and these enable us to continue
publishing without charging a subscription price. There are certain
advantages in doing this. Our readers are still increasing at a
good rate (although recently e heard where one Newsletter was
circulated among more than a dozen readers) and as these names
are added to the list our costs go up. Recent contributions have
ranged from one dollar to fifty dollars.
I 1ant to thank the�e
contributors.
They may be interested to know that all of the
money they have sent in goes to the actual cost of publishing the
Newsletter, as all of the time and work in putting the Ne�sletter
out is donated.
Usually ten to fifteen people h�ve been i valved
by the time each 1 er.rsletter is com1Jleted.)
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Gentlemen:
It is good to be on y ur mailing list.
Nore power to you!
Bertram D. Scott
North Bridgton, laine
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Dear Mrs. Thompson:
On a family trip thro_up.h Maine, returning from 'Sxpo (Hhere we
stayedwith the Caughnawagas) I was given copies (March & July 1967)
of your remarkable Newslett0r, first by Gov. Joseph 11Jitchell at
Pleasant Point, then by Commissioner Edwerd Hinckley at Augusta.
My interest in Indians is only partly in connection with my
teaching of anthropology, but as a Quaker (Friend) and former
member of regional and national Friends Indian Committees and the
Board of the Indian Rights Association, Philadelphia, Pu.
Through
a publication of the last-named organization, I had learned something
of Maine Indian problems, especially in the field of law enforcewent
(of crhich I once made a special s�udy among the New York Iroquois) .
On this trip I made no attemp to investigate the law enforce
ment picture (or anything else) to any de�th.
I did mention the
wellk.nown Peter Francis case to some api.;arently well-disposed &
educated white men permanently residing in southe2stern Maine
(where they have sometimes employed Indians).
They felt that the
(Continued on page 8 )
�- 8 -
(Lett8rs cont'd from p. 7)
acquital .ms done according to law, and did not see how the courts
could do any filore nn the basis of tne evidence- in fact it see�ed
possible some other party might be guilty.
Fro.u1 there they \7ent
.
on to say th�t it was a well-known fact that wany crimes of violence
(some connected with liquor, and perhaps even �ncluding murder) went
unreporte� and unpunished 'down on the Point' (probably meaning
Peter Dana, rather than Pleasant Point?) .
If this is so it may
reflect a residual feeling among both Indians & �1hites in the
comrimnity that, as Indian land does not corne under 1white•i law
for some purposes (so.id to�some question over Indian immunity
from State hunting & fishing regulations) , it iilay <."Llso be inappro
priate to enforce the State criminal cotle there.
If there is such a point of view, it calls to mind the refusal,
years ago, of a Florida judge to try an Indinn accused of murdering
another Indian.
Actually, as the Seminoles (& recently l iikasukees)
are de � under Federal jurisdiction, such a i11Urder probably did
not belong in State court, but should have been tried in a Federal court
in thE: first place, under the U.S. "10 Lajor Crimes Act. " But as
Naine Indians were already subjugated by the King of -�ngland, as
being w·ithin one of the 13 original colonies (N. Y. State is
exceptional) , the jurisdictidn of the State of I1eine over such
crime would be the same on or off a �eservation, uhether Indians or
non- Indians were involved·.
In fact, as the PassaIHaquoddy's seem
to have no ·iroceedure for settling even minor criminal matters (or
do they?) , the entire Maine Criminal Gode presu�ably ap�lies on
the reservRtions, the Indian Constable beinG a va�t of the haine
law enforcement system, as much as any other peace officer.
Those
interested should reed about tribal & state powers in Indian affairs
in Felix S. Cohen's "Handbook of the Federal Indian Law of the
United States" (·1ash. , 1942).
Sincerely,
Robert R. Solenberger
Ass't Prof. of Social Science
Bloomsburg State College (Pennsyvania)
(Ed. note:
Any Indians wishing to answer or comment on the above letter may
write to the Newsletter if they �-dsh and we will be glad to forward
your reply on to Professor Solenberger.
· My only other comment �ight now is that in all of the early
treaties I am told that the Indians in this area reserved to them
selves )iunting, fishing and fowling rights," and yet in the case of
State v.. Peter Newell (1892) 84 Me. 465, 24 A. 943, the Court
unceremoniously swept all these rights away with the lame excuse
that these Indians in Maine could not claim to be descended from
Of course the Court
the original abbrigine residing in the area.
did not explain its reasoning any illore than to rely on a former case,
I understand this case has never
Murch v. Tomer ( 184-2) 21 Ne. 535.
been questioned since in the Maine Courts. )
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Any .Penobscot, Passamaquo<ldy or other Indian living in Ma.ine
should feel free to write in to the Newsletter and say what is on
even if you differ from our Editorial point of view his mind,
Your point of view may be better and our readers may be glad to
have a different way of looking at somethin�.
�- 9 FEDERAL GOVT.
SEEKS TO END TIES
;ITH
·� �c_.:i.s
On September 5, 1967 Secretary of the Interior Stewart L. Udall
announced that a proposed bill tp end Federal supervision over
the Seneca Nation of Indians of New York had been sent to Congress.
This was said to be in keeping wmth � Congressional directive.
Indian Commissioner Robert L. Bennett and other represent&tives
from the Bureau of Indian Affairs have held several @eetin�s with
the Senecas to discuss the proble�s.
In a resolution passed by the Seneca Tribal Council it was stated
that the' majority of the Senecas q:•e .�'opposed to altering the
relationship which now exists between the Federal Governu1ent and the
Seneca Nation and specifically (the tribe) is opposed to any forw of
, termination.·
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Legislation passed in August 196 4 awarded the Senecas $15 Qillion
for relocation and. rehabilitation after one-third of their Allegany
It pro
Reservation had been taken for the Kinzua Da-1 Reservoir.
vided for services by the BIA and other Federal agencies in effecting
rehabilitation. But it also required that a plan for the complete
withdrawal of Federal supervision over the property and affairs of
the Seneca Nation and its meubers be submitted to the Congress by
August 31, 1967.
The proposed bill provides that statuees of the Uhited 'tc.tes
which ap�ly to Indians because of their status as Indians shall
cease to apply·to the Senecas on a date to be determined.
fhis
would free the Seneca Tation of Federal control over the use and
disposition of its pro�erty and allow the Indi&ns to use or dispose
of their lands, subject only to state laws.
The draft legislation would go into effect only if ap1roved by a
majority of Seneca eligible voters.
Next month the Newsletter will print Llore about the
(Ed. note:
Senecas, explain what will happen to the $15 million and will include
an Bditorial collllent.)
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POP. CORN
Ue have all hear the story of how the Indiuns showed the
Pilgrims how to grow corn, and brought them turkeys, puwpkins,
and the "magic" pop coru they had never seen.
And r1hen they were
sick and starving, the Indians fed them.
They did the same for the Jamesto�n settlers, Captqin John
Smith's group, and many other early adventurers.
The fact is, the Indians had many wonderful food products,
unknown to the rest of the world.
And of these they gave freely,
and with open hearts, to those strhnge people with pale skins, who
had come from over the sea.
(Cont'd on p.
10)
�- 10 (Pop Corn,
Cont 1d.
fro.. t
p. 9)
Columbus took home the
first chocolate
ialter Raleigh went home with tobacco
becalile the chief crop of Ireland.
Scores
cranberries brought Euroreans their first
Europe had ever seen.
and the potuto, r1hich soon
of ships loaded 1.dth
S ir
nQtive Alilerican fruit.
returned to Europe with Indian's sweet corn, squash, tolliatoes,
green beans, lima beans, peppers, peanuts, rhubarb.
In f&ct the
Indians gave the world about 30 different fruits and vegetable
s
which were unknown in so-called "civilized ii lands.
. . .
Others
(From the RED CLOlJD
Fine Ridge,
South Dakota.)
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IIIDIAN SCHOOL,
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(Ed. note:
The following is the final installfilent of the article
taken from RAf.'1P11....."qTS , tiarch 1967.)
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The American Indians, victims of one of the r:10st brutal colonial
wars in modern history and many of them living today on reservations
in total colonial subjugation, face cultural and �conoDic problems
of a similar order.
Political problems, owinc; to the Indians'
condition as a fragmented minority, are quite different, although
it is :;,,Jossible tho.t tlrn widely scattered trioes might one day join
in common political action.
It has been propos.ed that t e governuent,
national" treaties wi'th most Indian nations,
aid11
uhich concluded "inter
should dispense
to the victims of our colonial expansion.
this perpetuate the
Indians'
but it begs the central
?-
11fore gn
But not only rrnuld
dependency on the white government,
question of reservation control.
All the
Indians are asking is total control of all the lands g�anted to
the1tl by trea.ty.
t"Ji th f'e'Wexceptions, this is precisely v1hat the
federal and state governments are refusing to do.
The Passamaquoddys are deterr.1ined not to disap::_)ear as
a
tribe.
They did not fight the American Revolution to integrute into the
white man's world;
as others did,
on the contrary.
separately if they so chose,
tyranny of a unitary
subjects.
They fought the. Revolution,
for the freedom to iliive and worship and do business,
by themselves,
not to s�bmit to the
state of which they would be second-class
All the Passa�aquoddys want is t�e chance to get the
w�ite man off their backs - for once and for all.
it be·�ossible to have genuine coexistence,
desired,
on an equal footing.
still perhaps
Elementary,
Only then will
�nd_integration,
one rrnuld think,
if
but
too difficult for the more simpler.1inded civil rights
advocates to understand.
DID
YOU KNOW THAT
the
sand,
women of the Narragansett and Penobscot tribes dug deep pits in
lined them with hot stones,
and seaweed,
filled them with shellfish
and invented the clambake?
much the same way,
They baked dried beans ill;.<.
;
somet-imes leaving them buried in the ground
for several days to buble gently with maple sugar.
long and slow cooking,
After such
the beans came from the oven nutty and
..
rich and lightly glazed with fragrant sugar syrup.
(From The Art Of American
Indian Cooking.)
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CURTIS EYES FEDERAL AID TO ASSIST INDIAN PROILEM
AUGUSTA (AP) - Gov. Curt is me t with gover�10rr: ot :!air,'"' s th:cc.e Indi.�r.
reservat ions Tuesday , heard a repor t by a spe c ial s tudy commlttee and asked
for spe c i f i c aid projec t s to be l i s ted so that federal he lp can be sough t .
The needs o f the re servat ions are many , Cur t is said , but there are
federal and state agencie s and programs capable of helping to mee t tho se needs.
The mee t ing was held to discuss a report filed by a commi t tee headed
by Clyde E. Bar t l e t t , who is now r e t ir ing as dire ctor of the Maine Office of
Economic Oppor tuni ty.
The five -man t ask force named by Cur t i s in March
repor ted that the need s are gr eat in s ix areas.
The areas are sani tation.
facili t i e s , hous ing , community or tribal hal l s , road wor k , scho o l s and employ•
ment.
A bond i s sue before the vo ters September 1 2 th would provide funds for
water and sewerage on the reservat ions .
Because the Indians on re servat ions
do not own proper ty individually , i t was sugge s ted that hous ing authori t i e s
be created so that the U. s . Hous ing A s s i s tance Administrat ion could provide
housing developmen t s which would r e quire contributions only for maintenanc e.
Each of the three e l ementary schoo l s on the re servat ions should have
an extra room , the commi t tee said.
I t re commended that ways be found to
encourage the Ind ian children to at tend high school , which they wou ld have to
do in nearby towns .
The Penob scot re servat ion on Indian Island in Old Town has 26 . 7 per cent
of its s cho ol age children enrol led in se condary scho o l s , somewhat below the
statewide average of 33 . 4 per cent .
However, the Pas samaquoddy reservat ion
at ( Indian Township in Princ e t on) has only 1 2.1 per cent of i ts chi ldren in
high s chool and the Pleasant Point reserva t ion ( in Perry ) has 1 7.6 per cent .
The task force re commended that funds be sought from the Neighborhood
Facilit ies Gran t program of the-U . s. Hous ing and Urban Developmen t Agency for
recreation facili tie s.
Neighborhood Youth Corps should be formed to build
recreat ion areas with the federal government to supply e quipment , i t said.
Curt is s aid the S t a t e Highway Commi ssion could be asked for help with
road problems .
Unemployment on the Penobscot r e servation was found to be above the
statewide average , at about e ight per cent of per sons available for work .
But
i t was considerab ly higher than.that on the two Passamaquoddy reserva t ions.
The task force noted , however , that those re serva tions are in tJashington Coun ty ,
which has the highes t unemploymen t rate in the s t ate for non-Indians as we l l
a s Indians.
(From the Bangor Dai ly News , 8 / 2 3/ 6 7 )
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"OU TSIDERS" AWAKEN MAINE IND IANS
by Jo Ann Levine
S taff wri ter of The Chr ist ian Sc ience Moni tor
Most long-t ime r e s ident s of the commun i t ies near the Passamaquoddy Indian
Reservat ions in Maine feel that "outsiders'' have needle s sly s t irred up the
tr ibe .
In the last of three ar t icle s on the Passamaquoddies , a corre spondent
of The Chr i s t ian Sc ience �..oni t or descr ibes the role of some of these " outsider s "
and the reac tions to their presence.
( The f i r s t ar ticle i n t h e ser ie s , ''R i s ing
Expectations S t ir Ind ians of Maine , " was reprinted in the June Newsle t ter ; the
.
second , " Maine Indians Find a Vo ice , " appeared in the July News le t ter. - Ed . )
PERRY, MAINE • ''Why , I ' ve never seen the Indians so st irred up!"
" I'll tell you , i t ' s the ' outside agi ta tors who are causing all the trouble . "
To those wistful people who remember the Passamaquodd ies as always be ing
"so peaceful and so appreciative , " the "outside agitators" are:
(Continued on· Page 1 2 )
�c 2)
"OUTSIDERS" AWAKEN
(Cont inued from Pace 11)
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"A cer tain young lawyer who has come to town . "
" Tho s e draf t-dodging VISTA boys . "
The new director o f the Communi ty Ac tion Program .
Newspaper repor ters and magaz ine wr i ters .
Don C . Ge l ler s , a Columbia Law School graduate , moved to Eas tpor t about
f ive year s ago and , shor t ly af t er , became involved in working on a land case
again s t Mas s achu s e t t s and Maine , whi ch , i f won , wou ld help rect ify the land
l o s s e s of the Pas samaquoddy Ind ians .
It is b e l ieved that Mr. Ge l lers wi l l try the case in Ma s s achuse t ts in the
near future.
In 1 794 the Pas samaquodd ies made a tr eat;ywi th Mas s achuse t t s
which said they wou ld s top roaming over the s tate and confine themse lve s to 1 7
i s lands , 1 0 0 acre s of land at Pleasan t Point , and a township nor th of what now
i s Pr inceton .
When Maine b ecame a s tate in 1820 , Ma s sachuse t t s allot ted 395 , 000 additional
acr e s to the Indians , bu t Maine then_sold the land to other s .
Now only 1 7 , 000
acre s remain at Indian Township and 100 acres at Pleasant Poin t .
Mr. Ge l lers is be ing paid by the Indian Rights As sociation in Phi lade lphia ,
s ince the State of Maine refused to al low h i s fee to be paid out of the Indians '
tru s t fund .
The fund now holds about $ 70 , 000 , although $ 1 0 , 000 a year i s
added to i t i n r e turn for s tumpage removed from Indian land .
Mr. G e l l er s , who has b ecome almost to tal ly involved in the prob lems of
the Maine Indians , i s a cont�over s ial f igure both on and o f f the re servat ions .
Some say h i s " fore ign ways" don 't 11set" we l l wi th Maine people .
Joe Mitche l l , Governor o f the Pleasant Point Reserva t ion , says : "Ge l ler s
was hired to work on the land case .
Ins tead of that , he come s up here and
medd le s in everything that goes on .
My job i s to keep peace on the r e s ervation .
I wasn ' t e le c t ed to s t ir up any kind of t roub le . "
I t i s Mr. Mit che l l ' s contention that Mr. G e l l er s was elected as tribal
a t t orney by a former governor and counci l and that this i s no t binding on the
pre sent governor and counc i l .
John S t evens , Governor o f the Ind ian Township
Re serva t ion , doe s no t agree .
" Through Don ' s help , I know my way around bet ter and I know how tp defend
myse l f .
If i t weren ' t for Don, I would have been gone long ago . "
Any Ind ian who i s ant i-Ge l ler s receive s approval from mos t s tate officials
and l ocal townspeople.
" He put s words in the ir mouths , " was heard over and over from tho se who
felt the Ind ians wou ld no t be complaining i f it weren ' t for Mi:'. Gel ler s .
" That s ays a l o t about the local a t t itude toward Indians , " says Mr . Ge l ler s .
Four VISTA (Volunteer s in Service to America) worker s have served on the
The
The ,Indians have asked for eight more .
r e s erva tions in the past year · .
fir s t year ( 1966-6 7) wa s a " learning year" for VISTA , f or the tribe s , and for
the vo lunteer s who s erved as ''f ir s t s" in the s tate .
Two o f the four vo lunteer s to the Pas samaquoddy reservat ions left before
serving a ful l year. When one volunteer was t rans ferred from Pleasant Point
to Pet er Dana Point by the VISTA regional office in New Yor k , the Indians
sent around a p e t i t ion pro t e s t ing the move .
He s taye d .
B o t h volunt eers at Pleasant Point happened t o be consc ient ious ob j ec tor s ,
�e State Indian Agent called them
and at t ime s they l e t the ir beards ·grow .
"dr a f t dodger s , " and the beard s were looked upon with suspicion by resident s
of surrounding small to�ms .
·The two VISTA worker s at Pleasant Po int have been tu tor ing pr es chool-age
Both que s t ion j u s t how good an educat ion the Indian children are
chi ldr en .
(Cont inued on Page 1 3)·
�(13)
"OUTS IDERS" AWAKEN
(Cont inued from Page l?.)
•
•
•
•
getting .
Only·one Indian from Pleasant Po int graduated from high s choo l
last year .
Recen t ly , the Indians won what they cons ider to be a maj or battle with
the state .
They pro t e s t ed loudly when the po s s ibi l i ty arose that the ir
scho o l s might be closed becaus e they were "rac ial ly imbalanced . "
John Stevens
said , "As if we were really d i s criminating against the white people . "
Af ter an on-s ite inspe c t ion and study , the United S tate s Off ice of
Education dec ided that the scho o l s did no t violate federal desegrega tion laws ,
that the chi ldren from nearby communities ar e e l ig ib l e to attend the scho o l s
should they choose t o do s o .
A f e w Indian children i n grade s one through
e ight do at tend s choo l off the reservati on .
Roman Cathol i c nuns teach in
Two nun s teach grades one through
the pub l i c schoo l s on the two r e s ervations .
e ight-at Peter Dana Point , and thre e teach the same grade s at Pleasant Point.
The only church on bo th reservations is a Catho l i c chur ch .
Michael
Soon another bearded "outs ider " will be seen on the r e s ervations .
Raskin was s e l ected by the Indian s as director of the new Pas samaquoddy
Communi ty Act ion Program .
The Tr ibe was granted $ 23 , 000 in an tipoverty funds
as of las t January .
Mr. Raskin is in his ear ly 20 ' s , wear s a long beard , and also happen s
to be a con s c ient ious ob j e ctor .
One Indian remarked : "We don ' t think much
of C . O . ' s be cause all our boys have been in service . "
In the mee t ing which se lec ted Mr . Raskin over ano ther appl ican t , his
app lication was strongly suppor ted by Mr . Gel ler s .
The lawyer says Mr. Raskin
is a topnotch communi ty organizer - " j us t what the se re servations need . "
But indications ar e that the Passamaquodd ies are beginning to deve lop
their own opin ions about what they need.
And perhaps the " outs ide agi tators"
have only released an unr e s t and a longing to go back to making the ir own
decision s .
Said John S tevens , "You can be sure if we knew then what we know
now , we would never have l e t Chris topher Columbus into the coun try . "
From
(La s t o f three articles on the Pas samaquoddy Indians in Maine .
The Chr ist ian S cience Monitor , 6 / 1 / 6 7)
MAINE INDIAN GOVERNORS TO VISIT SENECAS
Maine ' s three Indian governors wi l l leave September 1, by airplane for
Salamanca� N . Y . , to inspect the Seneca Indian Reservation .
They wi l l be ac
companied by (former) Maine OEO Director C lyde Bartlett and Maine Manpower
Coord inator James S choen thaler , both of whom have been serving an Indian
Commun i ty Ass i s tance Commi t tee .
The commi t te e recently submi t ted a r epor t
to Governor Cur t i s ( s e e s tory on Page 1 1 ) who me t with the Indian s to discuss
pr ior i t ie s on state -suppor ted pro j e c ts and means of mee t ing the mos t pre s s ing
prob lems of the r eservat ions .
The three governor s who wi l l be making the trip are John M. Mitche l l , Sr . ,
governor , ( Penob s co t Reserva t ion at) Indian I s land ; John S tevens, governor ,
( Ind ian Township Reservation) ; and Joseph Mitche l l , governor , Pleasant Point
(Reservat ion) .
The trip to the Seneca Ind ian Re servation was propo sed by the Indian
Commun i ty Ass istance Commi t tee which had as one of i t s member s Sidney Carney ,
Carney , a
Speciali s t on Indian Affair s , u. s. Depar tmen t of the In ter ior .
Choc taw Indian , is special l iason r epresentative wi th the Seneca Ind ian s .
He
he lped the t r ib e p lan a re loca t ion program , deve lop communi ty housing and
e s tab l i s h an industrial park .
Both he and the reservation received national
recogn i t ion by the Depar tmen t of the In ter ior for the work.
The Maine Governors
(Continued on Page 14)
�( 14 )
MA INE I NDIA N GOVERNORS
•
• ·•
•
(Con t inued from Page 1 3 )
wi l l s e e what aspec t s o f the Seneca developme nt program might b e app l
i cab le
to Maine and will talk with the director s of the var ious pro j ec t s .
(From the Kennebe c Journa l , 8 / 3 1 / 6 7)
IND IAN AGENT ' � D ISMISSAL UPHELD BY PERSONNEL BOARD
(AP} - The S tate Personne l Board Friday uphe ld the act ion of the Indian
affair s commi s s ioner in dismi s s ing Arno ld Davis as Indian Agen t of the Pas sa
maquoddy Tr ibe .
The una�imous decis ion sus tained Commi s s ioner Edward c . Hinckley in dis
chargin g Davis on grounds of insubordinat ion .
The board d id not e laborate
on its � inding .
The decision was based on a pub lic hear ing re que s ted by
Davis and he ld in Augu s ta July 1 2 .
1
Hinckle y told the board that Davis disobeyed his orders concerning
engaging in con trover sy and making pub l ic statement s concerning cer tain
affair s involving the tribe and the Indian Affair s Depar tmen t .
Davis f ir s t made a b lanke t denial but later conceded '�par tial truth"
.
in one of the s ix poin t s of the dismi s sal l e t ter and "a germ of truth" in
ano ther ,
D�vis , 58 , has been in federal and s t a te pub lic service 22 year s .
He
has a legal r ight to appeal from the board ' s decis ion to the Super ior Court
if he choos e s to do so .
(Fro� the Kennebe c Journa l , 8/ 12/ 6 7 )
'
·
PASSAMAQUODDY RESERVATION CHAPLAINS REA SSIGNED
PORTLAND (AP) - The Ca tho lic Diocese in Por t land Thursday announced the
E f fe c t ive Augus t 28 th : Rev . Pau l U . Pare ,
fo l lowing clergy appointments
Chap lain of Sain t Ann ' s , Pleasant Point , Perry , to pastor - ; Saint Mary ' s Par i s h ,
Eagle Lake .
Rev . Bernard Nicknair , a s s i s tant at Saint Andre ' s Par i s h ,
Bidd eford , to Chaplain at Saint Ann ' s Par i sh , Pleasan t Poin t , Perry
Rev . Maurice H . Leme lin , Chap lain at Saint Ann ' s Parish in Pe ter Dana
Rev . Coleman
Poin t , Pr ince ton , to as s is tan t at Sain t Theresa ' s Par ish , Mexico
O ' Toole , a s s i s tan t . at Saint Andre ' s Par i sh , Biddeford , to Chap lain at Sain t
Ann ' s Par ish in Peter Dana Poin t , Pr inceton
Fa ther Pare has been Chap lain at
(From the Kennebec Journa l , 9/ 1 /6 7 .
Pleasant Point s ince 1959 ; Fa ther Lemelin has b e e n Chaplain at Pe ter Dana Point
s ince 196 1 . - Ed . )
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• • •
·
W HITE PATERNALISM DENOUNCED IN CANADA
OTTAWA { Special ) - Canada ' s 2 20 , 000 Indians should be al lowed to manage
the ir own a ffairs in their own way , members of a l l par ties said in the Commons
Whi te paterna l i sm and pre j udice were denounced by many members
las t week .
of par l iamen t .
They proposed that Ind ians b e given ful l con trol over the ir re serves ,
The se move s would reduce
the ir we l fare service s and their po lice pro t e c t ion .
cultur a l con f l i c t s and r e s tore Ind ian s e l f-confidence , speakers asser ted .
" The Ind ians are. taugh t from the �radle to hate us , " Jack Bigg said .
" The whi te man rams his way of life down the ir throa t s and ignores their his
I again
t or ice treaty r ights involving land , mining , hun t ing and fi shing .
beg that the Indian claims commi s s ion , promised for 50 year s , be brought into
"
be ing
The House passed t he Indian Affair s budget for $ 2 28, 583 , 720 .
(From the Navajo Time s , · 8 / 10 / 6 7 )
• • • • •
�(15 )
ROOSEVELT UNIVERSITY SCHOLARSHIP UNU SED
For the past two ye ar s, a $21 000 renewable scho larship in busine s s adnin
i stration for .American Indians at Roo sevelt University in Chicago h as gone un
used .
Under a generous grant from the Edward A. Filene Good Will Fund, Inc . ,
each fellowship provi des a full tuit� o n award plus _ a modest stipend which may
Supplemental financial aid may be granted,
amount to $2; 000 per academic ye ar .
i f necessary, to augment the fellowship .
This s cholarship was e stabl ished to seek out talented .Ameri c an Indians
and to encourage them to enter Ame ric an busine ss fi e ld s by t raining them in
It i s available to quali fi e d appli cant s who are
the skills of management .
Appli cations must be filed between De c emb er 15 and March
high s chool graduate s .
Requir em ent s, as applicable, are as follows :
15 for the fo llowing ye ar .
1. Report of College Entranc e Examinati o n Board Te st s ( SAT ) , Ame rican
College Testing Progr.am Test s ( ACT) or th e Roosevelt University Entranc e Examin
ation .
Every applic ant wi ll be required to take Roos evelt University ' s English
U ac cept ed on the basi s o f" '·safudarcli z ed t e st sco res , and if
Placement Test .
he live s beyona::t 5Ufille r..adiu5-0.f C!tba�1�test will be adn
ini stered later .
2. Applic ation for admi ssio n .
3 . High s c hool o r college transcript .
4. Reconnn endation from at l east two of appl i c ant ' s instructo r s .
5 . Parent Confidential Statement from College Scholarship · Servi c e must b e
filed i f appli c ant i s under 23 ye ars of age.
All inqu irie s may b e directed to : Mr . Robert L. Franklin, Director of
Student Aid, Roo sev elt University, 430 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinoi s
60605 .
( From the Navajo Time s , 8/24/67 )
.
NEIGHBORHOOD YOU TH CORPS TACKLES CLEAN-UP PROJEC TS
On an i sland in the Penobscot River arrl on an island in Portland Harbor ,
young men in the Maine Neighborhoo d Youth Corps have b e e n busy th i s summ er ,
along "'1.th hundr ed s of other N . Y . C . memb er s , on pro j ect s that will add to th ei r
communities and to th e beauty of Maine .
One of the proj ect s is lo cated on Indi an Island, at Old Town, a Penob scct
Indian Reservation, and the boys have - been \\O rking te aring do wn old houf e s ,
cleaning and painti ng the tribal hall, a nd i.mproving · the recreation program
on t he i sl and • • • • The pro j e ct on Indian Island was suggest ed by Maine OEO Diredtor
Clyde Bartlett during a tour of the re servation by the Indian Community As si stance
'
Commi t tee which was named by the Governo r .
With the coo peration of Richard w. Redmond, Maine Director of the N .Y . C · � · · •
N . Y . c . spots were as s igned to Indi an Island .
Under the di rection of Richard
LaPoint, Old Town NYC Directo r, and with the assi stanc e of the VISTA Volunt eers
who have been as signed to the re servation, the ;Indian boys have been world.ng on
'
a variety of_ pro e ct s t hat will
S� of t� _smaller houses
have not been lived in for some time ani ar
s t at e of extreme disrepai r .
Working as a crew with crowbars and hammer s, th e boys put i n p art of the summer
12
'
-·
on this removal work.
The Peno bacot Indians who live on the i sl and hold meetings in a wooden
The N . Y . C . has worked on painting the hall ins i de and out as well
tribal h all .
as on the construction of tabl es, using equipment in the industrial arts depart
ment or the Old Town schoo l s .
Th e wo rk of t h e N . Y . C . on the i sland th i s summe r i s a s tep toward encoura
ging the fo nnation of a Conmunity A ction group on the i sland.
been done by the Pas samaquoddy Indian s in Washington County.
( Continued o n Page 16 )
Thi s has already
An i sland Community
�(16 )
NEIGHBORHOOD YOUTH
( Continued from Page 15 )
• • • •
Action Pro gram v.o uld enable the tribe to write and seek support for its own
propo sals to improve the is land • • • •
(From Maine GEO News, August , 1967 .
A pi cture appeared in the s ame
i ssue , showing Legi slative Repres entative John Nel son, Mr. la.Point , Martin Neptune,
VISTA Volunteer James O ' Donnell, Richard Nicola, Jame s Neptune, Kenneth Paul
and Steve Paul . - Ed. )
INDIAN C HURCH MARKS 300 YEARS
by Charles Spencer
( Continued from July i ssue )
In 1703 the Penob scot Mission was transferred to the care of the Jesuit s,
and in 1722 Father Etienne Lauvegal, S . J . , witne ssed the burning of his church
by a band of Massachus ett s Puritans .
Earlier Father Rasl e ' s church on the Kennebec was destroyed by the British
Captain Wilton and again sacke d by Captain We stbrooke in 1722 .
Two years later
Father Rasle was murdered when he tried to hold back the British soldiers under
the command of Captains Warmon and Mounton.
When the Indians abandoned the Kennebec mi ssion and fled to the mi ssion
on th e Penob scot they c arried wi th them the iro n cro ss that marked the g rave
of Father Rasle .
,This sacred rel i c has been pr eserved by the Penobsco t Indians
for well over 200 years and is now d i splayed along with a plaque in memory of
Father Rasle on the church edifi c e .
The foundation is all that remains of the original church .
Although no
one i s exactly sure of wh en and how many times the church edifi ce has b een des
troyed over the past 300 ye ars , In:i ian Island hi storians believe that th e church
was destroyed seven ti.mes .
The present edifi ce was erected under the pastorate
of Father Virgil Wallac e Barber, S . J . , in the 1820 ' s .
,
In 1878 four Sis ters of' Mercy c ame to Old Town Indi an Island to teach the
Indi an children .
One early newsp aper acco unt said, "The Sisters found the Indian
children susceptible of culture .
They quickly learn Engli sh, th ey read well,
writ e neatly and readily c onquer the difficultie s of mathemati c s . "
In th e eighteenth c entury Joseph Paul Orson, a Pe nob scot Indian, painted
the Crucifixion on canvas with paints made from berries and an animal ' s tail for
a brus h .
This pric eless painting now hangs in the sanctuary of the church .
Another intere sting legend hand ed down from generation to generation con
cerns the f ir st bell us ed in the chapel .
Thi s bell is reported to be the old
e st b ell brought from Franc e to New England .
To s ave it from dest�uction at '
the hands of the Briti sh, the Indians r emoved the b ell from the ch6pel belfry and
burie d it somewhere on Old Town Indi an Island Wien a British attack seemed :im
minent .
To t his day no one has fo und the bell .
The seco nd old est bell in
New Englan d is now hanging in the bell to wer of the present chur ch edi fice.
( The above arti c le , and the first part of it which appeared in the July
i s sue of the Newsl etter, appeared in the Penob s cot Ti.me s of July 20th, as part
of th e publicity preceding the Penob s co t "Pageant • 67 11 , held on th e 22nd and
23rd of July. - Ed . )
MAINE
IN DIAN DAY PROCLAIMED BY GOVERNOR CURTIS
After consultation on August 22nd with the three Indian Governors, Governor
Kenneth M. Curtis issued a Proclamation calling for Maine Indi an Day to be
recognized on Septemb er 21st .
It i s und erstood that thi s is the first day of
Fall and i s the same day on which In di an Day is proclaime d · in Massachusetts .
( Continued o n Page 17 )
�/
MAINE nm IAN
( Cont inued
Th� Pro clsmati o n,
DAY
from
• • • •
Page 16 .'
signe d by Governor Curt i s , r eau� as follows �
PROCLAMATION
/
State of Maine
WHEREAS, the history of the Ameri c an Ini ian embodie s the very his tory
of our nati on it s elf upon th e North American Conti nent ; and
WHEREAS, the Ameri c an Indi an has made a great co nt ribution to our cotmtry
�hrough his achieveme nt s in the fi elds of sport s, folklore, literature, arts
and craft s ; and
WHEREAS, the high standards and principle s , the patriotism and herit age
of the Americ an Indi an have been an inspiration to al l our citizen s ; and
WHEREAS, sinc e early time s th e lrx:iians of Mai n e have played a significant
ro l e in the development of our region as a Provinc e , District and State ; and
WHE REAS, Maine Indi an Trib es are today, a s in the past , an integral part
of the life of our State and rerrl er many unique contributions to it s development- ;
NOW, THE REFORE, I, Kenneth M. · Curtis ,
hereby proclaim Sept emb er 21, 1967, as
Governor of the State of Maine, do
MAINE IND IAN DAY
in the State of
Maine ,
and call upon al l the c itizen s to recogniz e our Indian
Tribes and t hei r historic ro le s as Maine p eo ple .
* * * * * * * * * * * *
IN HIS S PARE TIME ,
HE FOLLOWS A DIFFERENT BEAT
by Nic ho l as A .
Danc ing Cl oud ,
Sams t ag
a Wes terly pa tr o lman s ince June ,
is not conspi cuou s ly
gracefu l as he s tands on Broad S tree t direc t ing tr affic at the end of a heavy
b each day , but then he ' s no t paid to be .
In h i s spare t ime , however ,
as Byron O . Brown of Bradford ,
the Narragans e t t Indian rookie , bet ter kno�'1Il
is a profe s s ional per former o f Indian dance s .
He has won compe t i t ions and cash pr. i zes at powwows and exhib i t ions throughout
the country prac t i c ing a comp lex and incre a s ingly rare ar t .
A nat ive of We s t er ly , Mr . Brown s tar ted dancing as a sma l l child ,
learning
the subdued narrative dances of his tr ibe from o lder member s of the s i zab le
Narragan se t t co lony in and around nearby Char l e s town .
In
prof e s s iona l troupe with his wife ,
and five cou s in s and
Pear l
(Whi t e B irch) ,
1960 ,
he formed a
in- laws .
For eeveral year s the group , cal led the Narragan s e t t Tr ib a l Dancer s , per
f ormed l o ca l ly on fe s t ive occas ions and at
Chur ch grounds in Ri chmond .
the annual powwow at the Narragan s e t t
But i t wasn ' t un t i l Mr.
Brown re turned thr e e year �
ago from a two-year s t in t in the Army that the group r e a l ly s tarted to p ick up
s team .
Mr . Brown was s tat ioned a t For t S i l l , Oklahoma , i n the hear t o f the o l d
Coman che and Kiowa t err i torie s .
dai ly, even t s ,
There , powwows and r odeos are week l y ,
if no t
and Indian dancing compe t i t ion s are taken ser iou s ly .
The s ty l e o f danc ing , however , i s dif feren t .
Accord ing t o Mr . Brown ,
the
empha s i s in We s t ern danc ing is on act ion and s p e c t ac le - t he beau ty and comp lex
ity of
the regalia ,
without mi s s ing
a
the ab i l i ty to perform d i f fi cu l t s teps to in tricate rhy thm3
beat or d i s turbing even one fe ather of
The Narragan s e t t s , however ,
the co s tume .
in common with mo s t Eas tern tribe s ,
a f o rm o f dan c ing t h a t i s more narrat ive i n inten t .
The dancer s ,
s imp l y , wi l l perform a pagean t o f hun t ing o r search w i t h e laborate ,
pra c t i c e
dre s s e d
s ty l ized
ges ture s , while a s t ory i s r e c i ted to comp lement the low-key per f orman ce .
(Con t inued or. Page
18)
�( 18 )
I N HIS S PARE TIME • • •
( Con t inued from Page
res
As Nr .
� c t ive ly ,
•
18)
Brown d e s cr ibes them, t h e Eastern and We s tern dancing s tyles have ,
sub t l e ty and co lor to recommend them .
Bu t color , it seems ,
�·
what the pub l i c prefers , and Mr . Brown and his Tr ibal Dancer s began to make
.
a name for thems e lve s only when he in trodu ced the Wes tern dances into the ir
reper toir e a f ter his re turn from the servi ce .
Ad apt ing to the We s t ern s tyle wasn ' t easy .
a comp l e te fool of my se l f , " Mr . Brown recal l s .
everythi ng backward s . "
" The f ir s t few times I made
"I was fa l ling down , doing
But at Anadarko , Okla . , a center of Indian ac t ivi t ie s , Mr. Brown me t and
b e fr iended George s. Watche taker , one of the great Comanche war dancing ch8D]l>ions .
Bef
e long , Mr . Watche taker had coached the eager convert from the East to •
the ,J?Oint where he was supplemen t ing his Army pay by dancing adver t i s ement s!lfor
the var ious exhib i t ion s .
And in the Ameri can Indian Expos i t ion of Ju ly ,
1963,
at _t\padarko , Dan c ing Cloud o f the Narragan se t t s p l aced nin th i n a fancy dancri.ng
comP'e t i t ion that drew 1 2 5 en tran t s , mo s t o f them Wes terners • • • • •
(From the Providence Sunday Journal , Providence , R . I . ,
Sub
t t ed
b y a r e adet' . )
8/ 20/67 .
FACTS AND FANCY
by Edgar F .
Cousins
With our Penob sco t Indian Pageant now in the background ,
e s t ing to review so�e o f the highl igh t s .
i t might be inter
Many favor ab le commen ts have been
heard , e spec ia l ly regarding the h i s torical s ide , br inging back memor ies of
even t s and per sona l i t ie s .
From my own s tandpoin t ,
I wi l l never forget Lou i s Socka lex i s ,
and a vis i t
to h i s graves tone always make s me marve l at h i s reputat ion with the Cleve land
Ind ian s , where to
thi s day this league team bear s the name of " Indian s . "
It
was m y good f or tune to be pre s ent a t an O l d Town Hi gh S chool baseba l l game
in
1'1 3
when Lou i s ump ired .
_
I talked with him after the game and he reme
�red
the o l d d iamond in Thoma s ton where a water -f i l led quarry in center f ie ld made
a rul ing of two b a s e s nece s s ary .
and had even seen one of
He said he had p layed in tha t cen ter f ie ld
the p layers take a ducking .
On his way up to t he big league s , Lou i s at tended Ricker C lass ical In s ti tute
a t Hou l ton and Holy Cro s s Co l lege at Worce� ter befor e going to Cleve land , wher e ,
w i t h h i s l e f t swing , h e could h i t the b a l l as f ar as Babe Ruth , run fas ter than
Ty
Cobb , and d i s p layed the out s tanding ski l l of Tr i s Speaker in the out field .
Hi s home run o f f the f i r s t p i t ch of the f ire-bal l king , Amos Rus i e , a
t he
ew
York Po lo Ground s ,
tf
i s s t i l l remembered and has been placed in history
·me
alon� w i t h the purchase o f Manhat tan I s land from the Ind ians , according to
spor t s wr i t er s .
Hi s local renown i s bui l t on t he feat o f throwing a b a l l from
Ind i� I s l and Landin g to
the Old Town Land ing , a c cura t e ly hit ting the exac t
spot . many t ime s .
(From the Penob s c o t Time s ,
8/3/67)
BUFFY SAINTE-MARIE RELEASES N EW RECORD
Cree Ind ian fo lk-s inger Bu ffy Sainte-Marie has j u s t re leased a new record ,
e n t i t le d Fire & F le e t & Cand l e l ight (Vanguard ) .
"Her voice has a s trong cu t t ing
e dg e ,
up
and her vibrato ,
as one cr t i c wro te ,
t h e l i s t ener ' s s pine . '
C �rou s e l '
emerg e s wi th an eer ine s s
Her orig inal songs - �uch as
in thi s album - create the ir own inner lands cape .
That i s ,
are l ike dreams .
l ike conver s a t ion s ,
about them . '
"
i n t h a t what they meani
and
As she says ,
t hey have the spontane i ty of dreams ,
(From Cosmopo l i t an , Oct ober
' tha t crawls
' Summer Boy '
' The
' they
and are a b i t
i s u sual ly t h e leas t importan t thing
1967)
�(19 )
MAij BOUND OVER IN ASSAULT CASE
CALAIS - S ix ty- thre e-ye ar - o ld Murray P. Emery of Eas tpor t - b e ing he ld
on a charge of " a s sau l t with in ten t to kill" Deputy Sher iff George Mi tche l l
of Calais - waived pre l iminary hear ing i n D i s tr i c t Cour t here Monday af ternoon
be fore Judge John M. Dud ley and was bound over to the Oc tober term of Super ior
Cour t on $ 5 , 000 bai l with two sure ties af ter probab le cause was found again s t
him .
He was a l s o held on $ 300 bail in cash or sure ties on a charge of opera
t ing under the in fluence of intoxicat ing l i quor Sunday at Eas tpor t .
The case
was con t inued to September 26 for hear ing .
Spec ial Inves't igator David C lemons of Machias repor ted tha t Emery i s
be ing he ld a t the coun ty j a i l i n Machias o n the tw o charge s .
Emery reportedly was operat ing a p ickup truck a t about l a . m. Sunday morn
ing at the north end of Eas tpor t when he and his wife were s t opped by Trooper
Ar lo E . Lund .
It was decided that Depu ty Sheriff Sidney Bridge s , who was
with Lund , should dr ive Emery and hi s wi fe to the ir Deep Cove home in the pick
up truck.
Arr iving at the home , Bridge s re turned to the police cruiser and
the Emerys wen t ins ide the ir home .
Depu ty Sher i f f George Mi tche l l and Con s t able Robert Newe l l , who wer e
awaiting Lund and Br idges for a coffee s top before c a l l ing i t a night , had dr iven
in to the Emery driveway behind the police cru i s er .
At this poin t , Emery was said to have re appeared on the porch of h i s home
with a 32 cal . r i f le .
He repor tedly f ired four or f ive time s over the top
of the Lund vehi c l e .
1Wo sho t s shat tered the dr iver ' s s ide o f Mi t che l l ' s
cruiser ' s windshie ld .
Mi tche l l , who was s i t t ing behind the wheel with only
the parking ligh t s on , but b acking the car out o f the dr iveway , was hit in the
shou lder by one o f the s lug s .
The o ther s lug embedded i t s e l f over the top
o f the rear seat behind the depu ty .
Newe l l , according to po lice , dragged the wounded deputy to the Deep Cove
Road and out of the l ine of fire .
He was later picked up by_ ambu lance and
Later , Sunday , be was taken to the Eas tern
rushed to the Eas tport Hosp i t a l .
Hospital
Maine General Hospi tal in Bangor , wher e he underwen t surgery .
officials de s cr ibed Mi tche l l as b e ing in good cond ition and r e s t ing comfor tab ly
Monday nigh t .
As a r e su l t of Trooper Lund cal l ing for as s i s tance , dozens of po l icemen ,
ward ens and deputy sher i f f s converged on the area , seal ing the roads o f f at
a l l poin t s .
Emery depo s i t ed the r i f le in s ide his hou se and fled in to ne6rby
woods and surrendered at 4 : 45 a . m . to po lice who wer e s tat ioned a few hundred
fee t up t he Cove Road toward Rou te 190 .
Deputy Mi tche l l i s a member of
(From the Bangor Daily News , 9 / 1 2 / 6 7 .
the Penobscot Tr ibe and brother to Penob scot Governor John Mi tche l l .
Since
mid-Ju ly he has been working under contract for the Depar tment o f Ind ian Affair s ,
as s i s t ing Pleasant Point Tribal Cons tab le Rober t Newe l l and Indian Town ship
Tr ibal Con s table Eugene S t evens in the ir work and by deve loping training
oppor tun i t i e s for the tribal con s t abl e s .
Hi s j ob a l s o invo lve s recommend ing
to Ind ian Commi s sioner Hinckley ways in whi ch the tribal con s t ab l e s may be
bet ter e qu ipped and admini s tered , working with the Pas samaquoddy Tr iba l Counc i l s
to increase law-and-order program e f f e c t ivene s s , and deve loping close r e l a t ions
A retiree af ter 20 year s
wi h other s tate and county law enfor cement agen c ies .
Air For ce duty , mo s t of Mr . Mi tche l l ' s mi l i tary training and exper ience was
in mi l i tary po l ic e work , training and admin i s trat ion and l iason . - His wife
and two daughters have been l iving in calais with him s ince July . - Ed . )
DID . YOU KNOW THAT
from 1 789 to 1849 , national Ind ian Affair s were admini s tered by the War Depar tmen t
be fore being trans ferred to the Dep t . of the In ter i or by an Ac t of Congr e s s ?
�( 20)
IND IAN AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT RECRUITING EMPLOYEE
The Maine S tate Depar tmen t of Ind ian Af fair s i s recruiting an agent for i t s
Calais office , to work with the Pleasan t Point and Indian Township Pas samaquoddy
Tr ibe s . F o l l owing is the o f f icial S tate examinat ion announcement for thi s po s i t ion .
Per sons in ter e s ted in app lying for this p o s i t ion or ob taining more· informat ion
about it ar e urged to con tac t e i ther the S tate Depar tment of Per sonnel or the State
Depar tment o f Ind ian Affair s in Augu s ta . App l ications wi l l be accepted un t i l Nov
ember 14 , 1 96 7 .
" CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
IN MAINE STATE SERVICE- ·AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER
Maine State Depar tment of Per sonne l
Augu s t a ; Maine 04330
Bul le t in #1883
Date I s sued :
Sept . 14 , 1 9 6 7
Date Clos ing :
Novemb er 14 , 1 9 6 7
ANNOUNCEMENT OF EXAMINATIONS T O E S TABLISH ELIGIB ILI'IY FOR
INDIAN DEVELOPMENT S PECIALIST
$ 109 . 00 - 1 14 . 50- 1 20 . 00-126 . 00- 1 3 2 . 50/wk .
KIND OF WORK : Thi s i s complex social and communi ty work in providing a var iety of service s to r e s ident s of the two Passamaquoddy In
dian Reserva t ions in Washing ton County , Maine . An employee in this
class i s r e spons ib le for carrying a general case load with ful l auth
or i ty for dec i s ion making and author i zat ion of expendi ture of funds ;
ini t iating and/ or as s i s t ing in communi ty deve lopment activit i e s ; pro
vid ing informal coun s e l ing ; providing as s i stance in the management
o f var ious s tate and f eder al pro j ec t s ; and a s s i s t ing in municipal
managemen t ac t ivi t ie s on the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Pas sa
maquoddy Re s ervat ions . Work inc lud e s coun s e l ing wi th individual s and
group s wi thin the Reservat ion connnuni t ie s , as s i s t ing . the Tr ibal Coun
c i l s in analyz ing connnun i ty prob lems and in planning appropriate pro
grams , author i zing t h e expendi ture o f available S tate funds , and ob
taining nece s sary a s s i s tance and cooperat ion from a variety of pub l ic
and pr ivate r e sour c e s and agenc ie s . Ab i l i ty to explain Depar tmen tal
p o l i c i e s and programs to the service popu lat ion i s e s sent ial . Work
is per iodi c a l ly reviewed by a superior and c lo s e supervision is g iven
only with re s pe c t to handl ing unusual prob lem s i tuation s .
QUALIFICATIONS :
Two year s exper ience in social casework , field leve l
connnu ni ty deve lopmen t work , or guidance and counse l ing ac tivi t i e s ;
and graduat ion from an accredited four-year col lege or univer s i t y .
SPECIAL INFORMATION T O CAND IDATES : Ab i l i ty t o dr ive a car and the
avai lab i l ity o f a car are e s sen tial . Appl ican t s with bicultural ex
perience are e specially invited to apply .
PURPOSE OF EXAMINATION :
To provide an oppor tuni ty for qual i f ied per
sons to compe t e for a vacancy with the Depar tment of Indian Affair s .
MAINE STATE RESIDENCE REQUIREMENTS ARE WAIVED FOR THIS POSITION.
Regis ters w� l l be e s t ab l i shed on an Open Compe t i t ive bas i s and w i l l
super sede a l l o ther regis ters f o r t h e c las s . "
�( 21 )
*
*
.,-:-
� -r .,
, '*"
SPECIAL EDITORIAL
-;� -r.- .,'} *
�- *
On September 12th, the voters of Maine were asked to express their
opinions on 8 bond i s sues, in a state-wide referendtlD .
Although the voter
turn out was somewhat heavier than expected , the Asso ciated Pre ss report s
that � than 20% of the regi stered voters in Maine went to the poll s .
In interesting contrast to this figure are the statisti c s whi ch indicat e
that � than 20% of registered Indian vo ters on the thr ee Re servations went
to th e poll s .
( 22% of the registered vo ters at Indian Island and Peter
Dana Point voted ; 28% o f the regi stered vo ters at Pleasant Point voted . )
The Newsletter feels that th e Indians of Maine are to be cornn ended for
their interest in the bond i s sue s and for th eir exercise of the oo st inportant
privilege of a deno cracy - the privilege of voting .
We hope that Maine ' s
Indians will continue t o 1 1 show the white man how to do it . "
One of the nost inport ant bond i ssues in the referenduo, and one o f the
3 which were defeated, was Number $ - for 1 1 capital inprovement s , construction,
renovations , repairs , equipment and furni shings, 11 in the aoount of $16, 710, 000 .
Although thi s amount included requests fo r fund s for very iraportant pro ject s such as fire e scape s for the Central Maine Sanitorimn - it also include::i a
wide variety of other pro j ect s - including a $1, 900, 000 physical educ ation
building and sw.i.nm.ing pool for the University of Maine l
Of obvious interest to the Indi ans of Maine , and to tho s e non-Indians
with an intelligent co ncern for thi s state ' s first citizens , were the following
fund request s in the defeated bond i s sue :
- $3.8; 200 for home r epairs and improvecents on the 3 Re servations ;
$19 , 700 for a new cla s sroom addition at Peter Dana Point ' s s choo l ;
- $304, 800 state fund s for sewage and water co nstruction pro j ect s
on all thr ee Reservat ions . ·
This last amount, like the $3 50, 000 in bond is sue Ntu!lb er 2 for a mentally
retarded c are facility in Bangor - which was approved - would have generated
some three-quarters of a Dillion additional F_ederal dollars for th e three
Re servations, in natching funds for water and s ewage pro j e ct s, and in the sub
sequent Federally-assist d housing programs which will not be po s sible without
adequate sanit ary facilities .
The Newsletter feels that th e voters o f Maine should be g iven a chanc e
to evaluate the merit s of the various construction pro j ects individually, and
that adequate sanitary facilities should not be lumped with swinming pools for
college student s .
Too, we feel that pro j ects which will generate Federal
spending in the stat e should take priority to pro j ects requiring 100% stat e
funds - - certainly they are nore benefi cial t o th e overall economic growth o f
Maine .
We applaud Governor Curti s for identifying - in hi s connnent s and pre s s
releas es following the referendum and the defeat of bond issue # B - the
Indian Re servation improvement s as among the most criti cal contained in the
defeated bond i s sue.
We urge that he do everything po ssible to provide some
imme diate way for �he legislature or the voters of this state to provide the
pi tif'ully small amount of state funds ne eded to make a substantial dent in
the poor health and living co nd itions on the 3 Reservation s .
* * * * * * �- * �� *
The Newsletter congratulate s and complioents Penob s cot Tribal Governor
John Mitchell and h i s Counc il for their appointment of a 5-oan Tribal Housing
Authority ( see story on next page ) .
The five new housing commis sioners will
have a real opportunity to contribute to the well-being of all Penob s cot member s .
* * * * * *
�(22)
PENOB SCOT HOUSING AUTHORITY APPOINTED
Ac t ing under power s pr ov ided by emergency leg i s lat ion of the 103rd Leg i s
lature , the Penob scot Tribal Governor and Counc i l o n Augus t 1 4 t h appointed
f ive tribal member s as commi s s ioner s of the Penob scot Tr ibal Re servat ion Hou s ing
Author ity .
Appo inted as bcus ing commi s s ioner s for the terms indicated were Ma t thew
P . Sappier (5 year s ) , Nicho las G . Dow (4 year s ) , Irving M. Ranco ( 3 year s ) ,
Mat thew A . Mi tche l l , Sr . ( 2 year s ) and Eugene J . Lor ing , Sr . ( 1 year ) .
The
f ir s t o f f icial mee t ing of the group is s cheduled for ear ly Oc tober , and a
repre sentative of the federal Hous ing As s i s tance Admini s trat ion (U. s. Dep t . of
Hous ing and Urban Development ) has been asked to be present to as s i s t in the
nece s s ary l egal e le c t ion of officer s , adopt ion of by- laws , e t c .
Thi s Oc tober
me e t ing wi l l be the fir s t in a long ser ie s of mee t ings and consul tat ion s aimed
at even tual ly making pos s ib le federal ly-as s i sted programs des igned to improve
hou s ing and sani tation condi tions on the Penob scot Re servat ion .
Simi lar
hous ing improvement programs are alre ady comp leted or under con s truc t ion on
69 Ind ian re servat ion s in 22 s tates (as of Augu s t 3 1 , 1966) as we l l as in many
non-Ind ian commun i t ie s throughout the coun try .
Under the Maine Ind ian Hous ing Author i ty Law , . as amended by the 103rd
Leg i s l atur e (Chapter 252 , P . L . 1 9 6 7 ) , a tribal hous ing author ity is equipped
with the legal power s nece s s ary fer " providing of s afe and sanitary dwe l l ing
accomodat ion s and maintaining a who le some l iving environment for per sons of
low income
wi thin the terri torial boundar ies of the re servat ion for which
i t is cr eated . "
The Pleasan t Poin t and Indian Town ship Tribal Governors and Counci l s
also have the power to appoint triba l hous ing authori t i e s for their reserva t ions ,
individually , and the New s l e t ter under s t ands that tribal mee t ings are s cheduled
for the near future for this purpo se .
( Se e re lated s tory below . )
•
•
•
•
RE PORT TO MAINE
by Sen Ed Muskie
• •
Senator Edmund S . Mu skie and Rep . Wi l l iam D . Hathaway , both D-Maine , were
advi sed today by the Depar tment of the Inter ior , Federal Water Pol lut ion Con tro l
Admini � trat ion , of approval of a $ 19 , 7 10 grant to the S tate of Maine , Depar tment
o f Ind ian Affair s , for use by the Pleasant Poin t Reservat ion on Pas samaquoddy
Bay in Washing ton Coun ty .
The gran t wi l l be used to con s tru ct a secondary treatmen t p lan t , pumping
s tat ion , force main and out fa l l sewer for the Re servation located on Pas sama
quoddy Bay .
The approved gran t al locat ion
To t a l c o s t of the pro j e c t is $65 , 700 .
repre sents 30% of the t o ta l c o s t of the proj e c t .
(From the Calais Adve r t i ser , 9 / 7/ 6 7 . )
Acceptance o f the gran t , and cons truc tion o f the sewage treatmen t facil ity ,
i s dependent upon the avai lab i li ty of addit ion federal monie s from the Farmers
Home Admini s trat ion and the Economic Deve lopment Admin i s trat ion , as we l l as on
the pr ov i s ion of the s tate ' s share of the total c o s t s for co l lect ion as we l l
The s ta t e ' s money was contained i n the recent ly de
as treatmen t fac i l i t i e s .
f eated Number 8 bond is sue ( se e Spec ial Edi torial on Page 2 1 ) and e f for t s are
It appear s
now underway to f ind some other means . o f providing this money .
t h a t some , if not a l l·, of t h e tota l con s truct ion money involved wi l l b e provided
d irect ly to the propo sed Pleasan t Point Tr ibal Housing Author i ty , rather than
to the Depar tmen t of Indian Affairs .
Ade quate water and sewage fac i li ties are an e s s ent ial prere qui s i te to
con s truc t ion of federal ly-a s s i s ted hous ing programs on any o f the three Reser
'
vat ion s in the s ta t e .
�(23)
ATTLEBORO GREETS INDIAN CHILDREN
Twenty Pas s amaquoddy Indian chi ldren were we lcomed to Att leboro last
nigh t , their home for the next seven days , af ter a long trip from the ir home
in nor thern Maine .
The children wi l l be s t aying in the c ity and surrounding area as the
gue s t s of 14 fami l ies and under the sponsor ship of the Murray Univer s a l i s t
Church of Att leboro .
The young s ters , who range in age from 8 to 1 2 , arr ived in the c i ty about
9 : 30 P . M.
They were me t in Bos ton by a group from the church and were taken
by bus to the home of Mr . and Mr s . Richard Sma l l of 198 Country S t . , where a
sma l l we lcoming par ty had been arranged .
The chi ldr en , accompanied by s t af f member s of the Uni tar ian-Univer s a l i s t
Service Commi t tee , had come from the ir r e s ervat ion near Prince ton , Maine , by
bus to Bos ton .
The Sma l l s ' home was a beehive of ac t iv i ty las t night a s
the Indian chi ldren me t the ir ho s t s and the hos t s me t their charges f or the
nex t seven days .
The chi ldren wil l l ive as par t of the ir ho s t s ' fami lies for the next
week , with ac t ivities p l anned for each chi ld by the ho s t .
Mrs . Audrey Binns ,
who is in charge o f arrangemen t s for the chur ch , said there are no group activ
i t i e s planned .
The chi ldren wer e brought to At t leboro through the cooperation of the Roman
Catho lic Diocese of Maine , which paid hal f of the bus fare .
The Murray Church
paid the o ther ha l f .
Th� idea to invite some Pas s amaquoddy children to Att leboro �as b orn
l a s t spr ing .
When chi ldr en of the church Sunday School were s tudying activi t ies
of the Uni tar ian-Univer s a l i s t Service Commi t tee , they paid par ticular at tent ion
to that commit tee ' s pro j ec t wi th the Passamaquoddy Ind ians in Maine .
(From the Providence (R . I . ) Journal , 8 / 8 / 6 7 .
Thi s "home s tay" program
in A t t l eboro was s imi lar to a pro j e c t involving chi ldren from the Pleasant Po int
Reservat ion and hos t s in the Brunswick , Maine , area .
Both were par t o f the
summer re serva tion ac t ivi ties under the overall direct ion of the Diocese ' s
Divis ion o f Volunteer Service s . - Ed . )
PAVILION WITH A PUNCH
by Fred Mi l ler , OMI
(Because the News l e t ter bas carr ied ear l ier s tories regarding the des ign of the
Canadian Indian Pavilion at Montreal ' s Expo ' 6 7 , we thought readers would be
inter e s ted in thes e comment s from an ar t ic le in the September , 196 7 , Indian
Record , pub l i shed in Winni peg , Canada . - Ed . )
The foo t -sore fair goer wi l l we lcome the quiet simp l icity and tas t e fu l
decor o f the Ind ians o f Canada pavil ion o n Ile No tre-Dame , but before h e leave s
he w i l l have no doubt that he has found the only "pro te s t pavilion" at Expo '6 7 .
In a 'IV interview the Cormni s s ioner General o f the pavi l ion , Chie f Andrew
De l i s le of the Caughnawaga Re serve near Mon treal , admi t ted that i t was inde ed
a prot e s t pavi lion .
He is quo ted in " Indian News" as s aying , " Ind ian s in a l l
par t s o f Canada have shared i n creating the pavi l ion ' s phi losophy and w e b e l i eve
it truly r e f lects the Ind ians ' thinking about themse lve s and their wor ld . "
One o f the charming Indian ho s t e s s e s o f the pavil ion den ied that i t s e t
out t o be a prote s t :
" Th i s i s j u s t the way we see i t .
We don ' t want to cry
on anyone ' s shoulder : i t ' s j u s t bi st:ory . "
Whatever the con tent o f the me s sage , i t i s pre sented with charac ter i s tic
poe tic s ty l e and fee l ing .
" The Ind ians o f Canada b id you we lcome , " the s ign
on the rus t i c c lear wall s at the entrance proc laims .
''Walk in our mocas s in s
o n the trai l from our pas t .
Live w i t h us i n t h e here and now :
Talk wi th u s
b y t h e fire , of the days to come . "
You begin to realize that the emo t iona l
(Cont inued on Page 24 )
�( 24 )
(Con t inued from Page 2 3 )
qual i ty o f Ind ian expre s s ion
is n o t mere hyperbo le .
It is beaut iful , but
�n the me s sage to come there is a l s o a thinly ve iled b i t terne s s that has been
fermen t ing for centuri e s .
But i t is a natural reac tion to the indi fference
o f the white man to the language , cu l ture and re ligious character of the Ind ian .
As you walk through the pavi l ion the phi lo sophy of the Indian hi t s yout
with a serie s of shor t , carefu l ly worded phrases :
•
•
•
•
'�le ki l led only what we needed .
A man would be a fool
to p i le up carcas s e s to rot , or fe l l trees to make a way
in the fore s t . "
"When the Whi te Man came , we we l comed him with love .
We
she l tered him , fed him , led him through the fore s t .
The
great exp lorers pf Canada travel led in Indian canoe s , wore
Ind ian· snow shoes , ate Ind ian food , l ived in Indian hous e s .
They could no t have l ived or moved without Indian friends . "
"The Whi te Man fought each other for our 'land and we were
embroi led in the Whi te Man ' s war s .
Many Ind ians feel our
f ather s were b etrayed .
War s and peace treaties deprived us
of our land . ' '
" The ear ly mi s s ionar ies thought us pagans .
They impo sed upon
us the ir own s tor ies of God , of heaven and he l l , of s in and
s a lva t ion . "
B y thi s t ime the Canad ian non-Ind ian vi s i tor begins to s quirm uncomfor t
ab l y for the way h i s forbear s treated t h e nat ive Ind ian ; be traying his friend
ship with greed for his land , destroying his great herds of buf falo , deple t ing
hi s fore s t s and s treams .
It wa s the a t t i tude of European colon i zer s of that
t ime which made po s s ib le this s tate of af fair s .
For them , any cu l ture which
Any language which was no t European was for
was not European was· not cu lture .
t hem "uncul ture d . "
It was a fai lure in respe c t which we in modern t imes
should regre t .
I t s e f f e c t s upon the Indian peop l e are very marked today
( To be cont inued next month)
•
•
•
•
D ID YOU KNOW THAT
- farewe l l par ti e s were g iven by the Pleasan t Point and Indian Township Tribes
when Father s Paul Pare and Maur ice Leme l in rece ived their no t ices of reappo int
ment ?
( S e e s t ory o n Page 1 4 )
The par ty at Pleasant Point was wr it ten u p in
the September 1 1t h Bangor Dai ly News , with a p i c ture ; over 300 at tended .
- " Skip" F arkas , who recen t l y comple ted a year ' s VISTA servi ce on the Penob scot
Reservat ion has s igned up for ano ther year in VISTA and i s now "VISTA Leader"
A s such , he w i l l he lp coordinate th� activi t i e s o f the increas
for the s ta t e ?
ing
number of VISTA worker s who are b e ing reques ted by and a s s igned to coounun
i t ie s in the s tate .
Three of these are B ruce Thomas , of Pennsylvan i a , and
John Larme , of W i s cons in , who have been a s s igned to the IndiaJl To'.mship Re ser
vat ion , and Anthony Thomas , of Cali fornia , who has been a s s igned to Pleasant
Poin t .
- the three Reservat ion Governor s were pic tured in an ar t ic l e in the September
2nd Salamanca ( N . Y . ) Repub lican. Pre s s , on the occas ion of their v i s i t to the
Seneca Ind ian Reserva t ion ?
( Se e s tory on Page 1 3 )
- 8 50 Nava j o s , l iv ing o n a n iso lated por t ion o f the reservation near Magdalena ,
N . M. , j u s t obtained e lec tr ic service to the ir communi ty ?
�·=
rl
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U .S.
POSTAGE
NEWSlliTTER
2 7/8¢ · PAID
Pine Street
Freeport, Maine
Freeport, Maine
Permit No • .3.3 1
04032
RETURN REQ
UESTED
C o l by C o l le ge L i b r ary
Wat e r v i l le , Me .
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�
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Aug.-Sept. 1967)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1967-08
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-468
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/6e4284acfa9d8a01a8aca3cd4dce2f7c.pdf
1a50a54dc4307c850d6576d5ec5a2ecb
PDF Text
Text
MAINE� I ID ·.A
NEWSLETTER
L
VOLUME
1,
NUMBER
5
DEC:SHBER
B
PROVID!:,S ENJOYilENT FOR
All over i"inine family c ·J..!.Lpin� is becoruing
of our vacation industry.
inexpensive vacation enjoyment,
having
a
C1J,iPZRS
1�1ore importc:::.nt _p:::.r t
Fiith more fauilies ta.king longer v2ca.tions
and travelling further distances,
for the return trip home.
o..
340
1966
the c�mpground is providing relatively
end still leaving enough spending money
For many it oeans the difference between
vacc:::.tion or no vacation ut 211.
The high costs of filany summer
time motels provides even filore incentive for
a
f2.8ily cc:::.mp out •
.
One
motel owner told us last s ummer that the many ne�rby camping 2.rees had
taken away much of his business.
some provi�e electricity and even
Nost ca pgrounds provide water,
a few �dvertise showers.
any campgrounds
nearby,
are in wooded,areas with man-Lladc
some are on the ocean and some are on lakesides.
swimning pools
" One of the
latter is Long Lake Campground on Indian Township Reservation.
Lake is as beautiful as
o. n y
I
Long
have seen in Naine. T he Campground wc:::.s
Duri:rig the peried" frQm July_ 8th
1966 from Nay to November.
.
to ·Jtily 29th; 83 .:.parties 0f 3h1::Campers used ,_the Campground.
operated during
The foJlow�ng statistics
are prov�ded by the Depart�ent of Forest
Servicei
-
Residence
Referred to
Campground
I: nine
- 16
- 13
Pennsylvania
- 10
Massachusetts
Connecticut
New York
Canada
Ohio
New Jersey
Indiana
Florida
Maryland
N.H.,
"vi.Va.,
R.I.,
Del.,
Va.,
Mich.
Totals
Types of Shelters
by:
- 18
- 15
Road Sign
Guidegooks
Local Stores
- 11
Forest Rangers
8
7
7
6
3
3
2
2
Tents
Tent Trailers
- 10
Repeat Visits
Friends
Maps,
Chamber of
Commerce,
ickup Campers-10
Travel Trlrs.
Auto Assoc.
- 2
-
Cars
-
Cabins
9
7
6
Live Nearby
-40
-18
-
6
5
4
each
1
Not known
-l each
83
83
(Continued on Page
2)
�(2)
(Continued from Page 1)
The Department of Forest Service feels that the Long Lake Campground is
a resource which c&n be developed to benefit the Passamaquoddy Tribe,
and can make plans in this direction.
The Newsletter is pleased with these results. There is nothing
more we would like to see then new means of income for the Passamaquoddy.
As tourists are attracted to the Passawaquoddy Reservation many ·rill be
interested in visiting the Indian Stores and buying bnskets and other
Indian goods.
Perhaps more Tribal dances will then be held to entertain
these visitors. So many people are interested in learning more about
Indian history, arts, craft and Indian lore that the oppor unities seem
unlimited.
It is up to the Passamaquoddy to decide if this is the kind
of life he wants , and then to proceed accordingly.
The Penobscot Indians on Indian Island in Oldtown , 11aine own a
string of islands in the Penobscot River wost of which are not being
used for anything of a permnneht n&ture. Perhaps one of these islands
could be used to make a similar c.=.r.apground. I can think of proble111s
arising but they seem no greater than those fe.ced at Long Lake, at
Indian Township.
•
CORRECTION
It has been brought to our attention that in the November Edition of
the Newsletter in our story of the Passamaquoddy Tribal Election we
left out one of the Tribal Councilmembers. Rebecca Francis was elected
to the Tribal Council at the Pleasant Point Reserv2tion. Our apologies
to Councilvvol11Gl.n Francis for this omission. At this time The haine
Indian Newsletter extends CONGRATULl�IONS to you.
SIOUX �VARBONNETS ON
,JORLD F IR
�JAY 'i10
12 Sioux warbonnets are to be featured at the un·ted States Indian
at the 1967 orld ' s Fair in Montreal, Canada.
The United S tates Information Service recently bought the warbonnets
to form a canopy over the rest of the Indian exhibit.
The warbonnets, which ranee �rom nine to 15 feet, are wade of white
turkey feathers dyed_ black at the tips.
Except for the substitution of turkey feathers for eagle feathers,
the bonnets are authenic (sic) in detail.
The Joe New Holy family of the Pine Ridge reservation trimilled and
matched the feathers for the bonnets.
The New Holys did much of the beading on the bonnets, too.
of the bonnets took place at the Tipi Shop
Remaining constr:.:".�: ::..t=Jl
in the Sioux Indian Museum and Craft Center at Rapid City.
( Rosebud Sioux Herald, Rosebud, South Dakota, 12/19/66.)
oxhjhft
*
*
•
*
*
*
*
*
*
•
103rd Legisl�ture
The 103rd Legislative session will soon be taking place in Augusta.
Upon investigation the Newsletter learned that during the last session
(Continued on Page 12)
�(3)
E
D I
T
0 R I A L S
THE l\ AINE INDIAN NE
EDITOR
..
iSLETTER
THOf. PSON
(Penobscot)
EUGE1IA T.
The Maine Indian Newsletter is Maine's only state-wide Indian newsmedia.
News and stor_ies may be sublllitted to the Newsletter by the 15th of each
month for publication at the following adJress:
Pine Street
Freeport, Maine, 04032
(Telephone:
865-4253)
Letters to the Editor are welcome but must conforw to the rules
required by every newspaper. They must bear the writer's correct name
and address although pen names are I·eraitteu at the discretion of the
Editor. All letters mu�t be signed though na1es will be· withheld from
publication on request.
Preference will be given to letters not over
350 words in length. Letters are subject to correction of gra;nmer or
obvious errors, and are subject to condensation or editing when space
limitations require.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
*
•
•
•
The Newsletter received a very interesting letter from a man in
Portsmouth N. H . During early colonial times it seehls the uriter's
5th great gnandmother was an Indian girl coaing from a tribe somewhere·
north of Dover N. H. but probably not into Canada. Her married name
was Nute or possibly Newte.
Later on her brother came to live with the
f am.i..ly. The spelling may be incorrect but his name was pronounced Barkus.
The writer is interested in finding out pomething about her or atleast
about the possible tribe from 1hich his ancestor originated. The
period in which she lived is popularly known as the French and Indian
War Feriod. If any of our readers have any information on this or have
any ideas which they would like to share with. us, ·we will be glad to
forward it on to Mr. Gallagher.
• ••
Every few days the Newsletter receives a lett2r from an individual
library who wishes to receive the first two or three issues of the
Ne�§].�. We are trying to meet these requests but are down to the
bare minimum which vie must keep for our files.
Those of you who have
requested these back issues and have not yet received them can rest
assured you will hear from us in the near future coneerning them. If
we can not supply these issues we will still let you know.
or
a
LETTERS
Dear Editor:
After reading your October edition of tl,e Newsletter, I cane across
(Continued on Page 4)
�(4)
( Letters, Continued from Page 3)
an article concerning the Indians in Houlton who are living on the Flat.
The Correspondent Morris Brooks was given the wrong in forwation by
Mr. Leo Tomah and Mr. ?olchies. I know, I was born in Houlton, in
fact born on the Flat and always lived in comfort.
We are not from the hie Hae tribe as stated-, the only die 11ac I
Indians in Houlton are the out casts that are driven out from their own
reservations and they were never accepted on the Flat because of
their bad conduct.
�y father's family were the first Indians on the Flat, they moved
over from Canada since 1912 and they have all passed away.
Just a few
years ago my sister and I moved frou the Flat , she was the only Indian
who had � bathroom in her home and ny aunt who lived ·cross fro� her.
To me, the Flat as they called it, is really Bridge Stre�t. and
we left behind many hap]y memories.
Yours truly,
Mrs. Theresa Paul
Old Town, e.
•
***
Dear Editor:
t
vJe were delighted to hear of your tvork with the iJ. I IE nmI1 N
NE,VSLETTER and VJould like to receive copies of it as they come off the
press. Enclosed is our contribution of $1.00 to help defray some of
your expenses in a small way.
Earlier this year, we became interested in the work of John Chris
topher Hartwick, a Lutheran Pastor, ho served so..·e of the tribes
around Otsego Lake and Coopersto •n about 200 years ago. In his will
he provided. for the establishr ent of liart.1ick Seutina.cy on the �rnst bank
o f the Susquehanna River in t�e Town of liart�1ick, just south of Coopers
I am wondering whether you way have had any articles in previous
to�n.
issues.concerning tribes and missionaries who lived and worked in what
is upper and central New York state.
While teaching history several years ago, I learned tlia t Saqison
Occum, an Indian scholar from Connecticut who raised sub stantial funds
which were later used for founding Dartmouth College, 1oved to the
Adirondacks as a result of his disappointment when t he school he
.As far as I know, no trace
labored for was not built in eonnecticut.
was ever found of his grave, or last place of residence.
Congratulations and best �ishes for your new venture.
Sincerely,
Bernard C. Wojan
1
West Hartford, Conn
·
•
•••
Editor:
I re�d the Maine Indian Newsletter for the fir�t ti�e and found
-· -it very interesting. Icarne to f-;aine Aug. 30 and �ever thought there
were any Indian tribes here. I met Viola Dana (You ran an article on
her last month. ) and she told me what trib.es were here in r1aine. I ' m
interested in working w�th Indians and I have hlet many people from dif
ferent tribes here at the Center.
I am a 0innebago India� from Wi�consin. My vocation here in the
Job Corps is library assistant and when I graduate fro� that course in
(Continued on page 14)
Dea.r
�(5)
FULL INDIAN RECEPTION GIVEN THREE-WAR VET
by Clayton Beal
PERRY - Fourteen years before he was given the right to vote in a national
election and less than two years after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor,
Sabatis Mitchell, a proud American Indian, was serving in the United States
Navy.
Today he is back home on the Ple asant Point Passamaquoddy Indian Reser
vation here, where he was given a surprise welcome home party night by his
fellow Indians in full tribal regalia.
20
"Mitch", as his Air Force buddies called him,
retired November
30
after
years of active milit ary service which concluded with a year in Viet Nam,
after service during the Korean conflict and in World War II.
As he bounced his seven-month-old son on his knee, Mitchell d escribed
·
the war in Viet Nam as la war without lines - one where it is too often
He is deterntine(l�
difficult to say where tomorrow's battle might be fought.11
however, that the war must be "WOn.
Pleasant Point has a long history of contributing manpower for America.
A monumen t aean«tJ. today on the bank of Passamaquoddy Bay here erected by
40
the Daughters of the American RevoluttQa.honoring some
Indians who fought
for America, their homeland, during the Revoluntionary War.
Those presently serving in the military from "The Point" include such
men as Harry Tinker, James Moor e, Richard Socobasin, Francis Nicholas, Melvin
Soctomah, Louis Homan, Peter Bailey, Jr., Howard Dana, and John Mitchell.
Four
are nearing the 20-year service mark.
Like many of his Indian brothers who became admired and liked by their
fellow qervjcemen for their "peculiar" heritage of unwritten language, religion
and hablt s, Mitchell recalled that he had been called upon many times to
pe1·l\n·m the many dances which his f orefathers portrayed long before the white
man came to power on the North Am erican continent.
As the familiar Indian drums beat out a dance rhythm during the surprise
party, Mitchell took advantage of the opportunity to show his friends that he
can stil l set a fierce dnnee pace, brogans and all.
During the evening's activities,
\\hich were highlighted by a colorful
Indian dance team, Mrs. Mitchell and son Sabatis, Jr., also "cut th e rug."
Fr. Paul Pare, of Saint Anne's Catholic Church of Pleasant Point, shed
his traditional garb and donned Indian headdress to show the smiling Passama
quoddies how really simple it all is.
Immediately following the brief
performance, which left him panting, Fr. Pare was adopted into the tribe as a
fellow dancer.
Joseph Nicholas, of the tribal governor's counc il, served as master of
ceremonies and welcomed the veteran back to the reservation.
Mitch, however,
revealed that his a.lln is to secure as quickly as possible a civil service
position at one of the ma.rwgovernment installations in Maine.
( From
the Bangor Daily News,
12/9/66)
BUFFY STRIVES FOR TRUE IMAGE
Cree folksinger Buffy Saint-Marie wants the white man to put some truth
Indian.
11I'm insulted as an Indian and
children have to read lies in history
texts, 11 she said in Vancouver where she gave a concert
"Children must be raised t'.) realize nations as well as individual
s make
mistakes," the Saskatchewan-born singer said, "and it's time to correct
those
mistakes. 11
Miss Sainte-Marie said films, advertising and comics all portray
the North
Indian as "a _character. 11
"They think the Indian lost to
superior �dds in fair fights, 11
said, 11when in fact he was b eaten by broken
treaties."
From In:iian Record, Winnipeg, Canada, December 1966)
in his history 0f the North American
appalled as an American that Indian
• • •
American
(
she
�(6)
INFOR1"1ATION OBTAINED FROM BACONE COLLEGE
Bacone is a privately operated junior colle ge having no connection with
the goverr.ment or tax support.
Most of the operating income of Bacone is
derived from the gifts of individuals,
churches and organizations.
American Baptists comprise the largest group of contributors to Bacone,
thqugh other organizations also help the school,
including the Daughters of
the American Revolution.
Bacone College is incorpcrated under the laws of the State of Oklahoma.
It is a junior college cffering courses with a liberal arts emphasis leading
to the Associate in Arts degree.
Many s tudents come to Bacone from Indian reservations and definite Indian
areas of the United States.
are td a t tend college.
Most of these require scholarship help if they
Bacone has a unique Work Scholarship program, made
possible by the contributions of churches, organizations and indivi duals,
whic h enables these students to earn all by $35.00 of their room and board
costs per semester.
Tuition and fees for full time students are
per
semester.
$150.00
Students needing addi t ional financial assistance may apply f or
grants-in-aid made possible by scholarship gifts to the colle ge.
Defense Student loans are also available.
National
Bacone is accredited by the North Central Association of Golleges and
Secondary Schools and by the Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education.
A new nurse training program enables nursing students to attend Bacone for
in co
a 24-month period of c lassroom instruction and hospital experience
tion with the Muskogee General Hospital .
They are the n qualified for
(
)
era
their R.N. certification and the Associate in Arts degree from Bacone.
Bacone serves both Indian and non-Indian students; however,
ship funds are awarded to Indian students.
of
40
all scholar
Ind ian students represent upwards
1964 enrollment was 550 students from 29 states.
1880, primarily for the education of A merican
different tribes.
Bacone was founded in
Indian youth.
It is the oldest institution of higher educati on in the
state of Oklahoma.
Bacone is lccated in Muskogee,
approxima tely
persons.
40,000
Oklahoma,
a city of
For further information, persons may write: President, Bacone College,
Bacone, Oklahoma
( From
7 4420.
Bacone College Annual Bulletin,
1966-1967)
PIMA INDIAN HOUSING PROGRAlv'f NEARS COMPLETION
The thirteen participants in Sacaton
( Arizona )
who are in the Mutual
Self-Help Housing Program are very near to completion of their houses.
unbelievable to see.
It is
A modern home and w ith its modern appliances, the
privacy, sanitation, and above all the feeling
f owning a home providing
shelter for their children.
truly be proud.
A home that children in t hese modern times can
So may we point out as this project is about to be comple ted
that within the very near future, there will be an open house and the date of
this occasion will b e annouced.
( From
the Gila River
( Pima )
.
News, N vember,
1966.
Sacaton is one of
the Indian communities on th e Gila River Reservation, south of Phoenix, Ariz. �Ed.
PlMAS REVERSE TRADITION
SCOTTSDAIE, ARIZ.
(AP)
-
In a reversal of the first Thanksgiving in this
of
nation,
the white man will sit down Thursday as guest
dale.
Pima Indians have invited officials of Phoenix and nearby cities to
Indians near Scotts
share their Thanksgiving feast on the Salt River Indian Reservation.
( From
the Lewiston�Auburn Journal,
11/21/?6)
)
�(7)
INDIANS
AND
AMERICAN S)CIETY
American Indians have contributed much to American political ideals.
Federalism, the view of leaders as servants of the people, and respect for
diversity are all part of the Indian tradition.
In other ways, however, this tradition is distinctive.
While Indian
cultures differ, certain common threads have continued - even strengthened through
400
years of interaction w ith the European tradition.
Acquisition
and exploitation of their la nds continue to distress Indians, who live in
oneness with nature an d believe that the earth is their mother.
place great val ue on hard work or e fficiency.
Many do not
Cooperation rather than compet
ition appeals to them.
D is�tion of their cultures and destruction of traditional bases of
their economies have made.the half-million Indians perhaps the poorest group
in America today.
cars or in the open.
They suf fer from inadequate housing,
some sleeping in gutted
Most efforts to help them have been based on the goals
of t he dominant culture and have only deepened their problems
Caught between two competing views of the world, young IndiAns suffer
•
• • •
feelings of conflict and in feriority and adjust poorly to American society's
demands,, first in school and later in employment.
Indian parents are rarely
given any responsibility for policy or curriculum in the schools their children
attend.
Language is a barrier for many children starting school.
• • •
Since colonial times, members of the Society of Frien ds have campaigned
for just and sympathetic treatment of Irrlians.
The .American Friends Service
Committee has been
work ing
with .American Indian s since
-working with Indians in Arizona,
Washi.ngton and Montana.
(Frem
an
1948,
and is currently
Colorado, Minnesota, California, Maine,
AFSC Bulletin, Septenber,
1966)
INDIAN DONATES KIDNEY 'IO AILING YOUTH
...
CHICAGO (UPI)
Richard Redhorse and John Dickinson under n ormal cµ-cum
stances would not share much in cormnon.
Redhorse,
is a Sioux Indian who
was born on a reservation in South lakota.
honor s tudent from Crown Point, Indiana.
35,
, 15,,
Dickin se n
is a high school
But because circumstances in their lives were not normal, today they share
a bond only a few persons in the world share.
Early this year, .doctors told John's parents that he suffered from
nephritis, a chronic kidney disease.
J�hn q�gan taking artificial kidney treat
ments but his condition worsened.
When his 'kidneys could no longer rid his
body o f the poisonous wastes that ae�umulated, doctors· said John would have to
have a new kidney or he would die.
No one the Dickinsons knew, nor any relative, was medically suitable as
a donor for John's particular Type O blood.
He began lapsing into comas and the
situation became urgent.
His parents, in desperation, placed an advertisement
in the Chicago Tribune asking for a k idney donor.
Redhorse read the a dvert.isement.
He remembered his baby sister, who died
in
because she needed a new kidney and couldn't g et one in time.
"I said to myself that someday there might be somebody who needed a kidney
to go on living, and I wuld help them, 11 Redhorse s aid
He telephoned the
Dickinsons and volunteered one of his kidneys.
ransplant was performed last week and was successful.
Today John's
n� kidfiey was "functio ning beautifully, 11 according to doctors.
He appeared
healthier than he had in months, his parents said.
1962
.
�� �
��
"'What Redhorse did is really beyond the call of duty for any human being,"
of the doctors said.
( From
the Portland Express,
11/28/66)
�(8 )
PASSAMArUODDY VISITOR TO BE HOSTESS ON HOLIDAY
BRUNSWICK - Thanksgiving dinner with the Indians - the Passamaquoddy of
Pleasant Point, Maine - will be a unique experience for the family of Mr.
and Mrs.
Edward Born this week,
as they travel northward to the home of
Deanna Francis and her family.
Deanna, who wants to go to college, has left
her reservation for a year of work and post-graduate study at Brunswick High
This will be the first time her "two"
School, and she lives with the Borns.
families, the Borns and the Francis, will be getting together around a big
Thanksgiving dinner complete with turkey and all the trimmings - but not the
porpoise meat that Deanna says she would frankly prefer.
"We go out in a two-man canoe with a shotgun and
a.
spear,11 Deanna
reminisces, "And you have to shoot the head so as not to ruin the meat.
is a black meat and you eat it broiled or fried.
It
It's better than steak,
I'd say," and she has forewarned her mother that the Borns would like a
sampling of porpoise - so some is being planned for later in the Thanksgiving
weekend.
Deanna's feelings about her reservation and her people are very strong.
She is immensely proud of her tribe - their closeness with one another, their
efforts to preserve their unique culture, their natural abilities - but the
story she tells of life on Pleasant Point is the story practically every
American Indian tells, one of steady,
unremitting injustice and deprivation ....
"There were eight of us.that started high school in Eastport together,"
she recalls, "but we had no counseling and we didn't know what we wanted t<?
do with ourselves.
We had always gone to Indian schopls on the reservation
and it was hard to mix in when we started school.
the reservation.
years old.
We never knew people off
In fact, I spoke only Passamaquoddy until I was eight
So we were put into the commercial courses at school, and advised
against trying for the college course because we were told we couldn't make
the grades."
"How did they know that?" Deanna wants to know, "If we had never been
given a chance to try, how could they say we couldn't make the grades?"
Of the eight who started in the commercial course, only the four girls
finished.
One boy went back as a policeman on the reservation - this, with
out even a high school education - and the other three scattered.
"All the Indians celebrate Thanksgiving," says Deanna.
"No matter
where they are they try to get home, and families spend Thanksgiving together.
Everybody goes to church, to
have an early dinner, between
8
a.m. mass on the reservation, and then we
12
and
2.
Then there's always a big celebra
tion, a big dance, and everybody goes, not just the teen-agers."
The reservation, .though, is a fairly bleak place, almost totally with
out trees or gardens.
any kind.
The houses are small, and most lack indoor plumbing of
The language commonly spoken there is Passamaquoddy, which is not
now a written language, and the children go to a school run for them by nuns.
During the summer the people work at a fertilizer plant, in small factories,
or in the one woolen mill;
in the winter they work in the woods or, as now,
make Christmas wreaths for shipment south.
among the Indians;
Maine,
Employment is the great problem
there is little employm�nt for anyone in that section of
but almost none at all for those who have no education, are untrained,
or are discriminated against as a minority group.
Deanna Francis' family is pleased that she has taken the initiative and
left the reservation, for they know that she wants to come back.
to major in physical education-- a continuation,
perhaps,
She hopes
of the Indians'
leg·
endary skill in athletics and games--and come back to Pleasant Point to start
a physical education program for the people there.
"I don't want to be a secretary," Deanna says,_"although
(Continued on Pag� 9) ,
·
1
was accepted
�(9)
PASSAMAQUODDY VISITOR ••••
( Continued
from Page
8)
at Husson College this year to take their executive secretary course.
want to go away to college,
a chance on me."
I
and now I'm looking for a college that will take
To prepare herself, Deanna is studying algebra, French,
and college English at BHS.
economics,
last summer she worked as a teachersf aide
in the Head Start program in Topsham, but this summer, if she can, she hopes
to go to the University of Maine and pick up some more credits toward
regular college enrollin.ent.
110nly the young can ever get away,11 she s ays practically, "And there's
nothing down there for them anyway.
But now I think the people are going
to do something - they're trying, anyway.11
EAGLE MASK: A WEST COAST INDIAN TALE
( Written
The
$3.00)
and illsutrated by James Houston, Harcourt, Brace & World, 63 pp,
author, whose first book, Tikta'liktak, won the Canacl"ian Library
Association's award for the best English-language book of 196 5, has for many
His
years lived and traveled in the Canadian Arctic and the Northwest.
Indians
is basic enough to keep the cultural
knowledge of the West Coast
details of his story from being obtrusive; his quiet writing has a simplicity
that is eminently appropriate for the rich and dignified living patterns of
the Eagle clan.
Tested for
Skemshan, his protagonist, is a young prince of the clan.
his courage, he goes for the first time on a sea hunt, then is initiated
Ages 10-12.
into rull manhood with a splendid potlatch.
From the Saturday Review of literature, 11/12/66)
(
MALECITE INDIAN GRADUATE
The September, 1966, edition of Americans Before Columbus, Denver,
Colorado, reported on the graduation from the University of Maine of Mr. Harold
Tomah
Mr. Tomah received a Bachelor of Science in Education.
(Malecite).
Information reaching the Ne�Pletter indicates that Mr. Tomah
t.eaching in the Wells, Maine, High School.
INDIAN CRAFTS APPRECIATED
( Continued
from the November Newsletter
is presently
)
Archaeological discoveries show that Indian jew�lry dates back over a
thousand years in the Southwest.
Much of the early jewelry was made from
shell, bone and brightly colored stones.
Turquoise was obtained for the
jewelry from mines in Arizona and New Mexico, and shells were traded for by
tribes on the West Coast.
It was not until the coming of the Spanish that the Indians first learned
the art of ��rking with silver.
Early Indian silver was worked from cpanish
and Mexican coins.
Navajo, Zuni and Pueblo jewelry now shows distinctive
qualities of its own, as the tribes have adapted culture and environment
into their jewelry.
The Navajos are known for their sandstone casting; the
Zunis p rimarily for their inlay work.
Pueblos, but there a re
their jewelry.
some
Very little silver work is done by the
families who have distinguished themselves for
( Continued
on Page
10)
�(10)
INDIAN CRAFTS
(Continued from Page 9)
•
·
·
•
•
•
Although the Taos Indians are known as farming people, two tribesmen,
Bobby Lujan· and Alfred ·Lujan, have produced a limited supply of jewelry.
·
The
Taos inen have developed originality in their work and their jewelry is ahn.r
acterized. by a more modern flair.
Ih�ia� pottery, until.very recently, was becoming scarce.
However,
through the· efforts of Maria Martinez of San Ildefonso, pottery once more
has become popular .
Now, many tribes which previously stopped producing
pottery are reviving the old techniques and producing fine work.
Weaving, on the other hand, is not as wide-spre�d among the tribes as
other crafts.· ·:The Navajos are the exclusive weavers in New Mexico, having
begun to weave after the arrival of the early Spanish colonists.
The first products of the Navajo looms were natur8.1. grey and white blan
kets, ponchos and serapes.
With an adverse influence from white traders,
the Indians began to dye their products artificial�y, producing bright, gaudy
colors.
The flashy rugs and poncho� at first were very popular with an
undiscriminating public; however, through the efforts of traders and con
scientious persons, the Navajos gradually began to make use of na ural dyes
and colors once again.
(From the Nava.jo Times, 10/20/66)
IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT
NBC-TV plans a "Project 20" presentation, scheduled for showing on
March 16th, on American Indians.
Entitled 11End of the Trail,11 this special
program will include some'-rare photos of American Indians collected in a three
yenr $earch.
(From 1Y. Guid_g, n re111ber 10-16, 1966)
Being part
couidn 't
=
•
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..
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. . ... . ..
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.
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:n� � � :
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........ . .. ..
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·
, Indian, I just
bring mys elf to
; :n3'm�:�e�;: in
,
�
n
!(i
,
.
..
�, ;.t·./:
California.
�
�Instead, I found
u h,
i
u
'h'·-'' .
1
· � .�..
-�base . I carried
around its
the dirt off
/ �and distributed
it under
�<.
ther bushes.
Then I
� s:traightened the
bush, and its�
branches completely cov.ered the excavation. You
: could have walked
within three
;feet of that foxhole and not
)<nown it was there.
When our'· com--�
�mander inspected
the area, he
�said, "Sergeant,
I don't see
�enough
for the
�ber of en here. 11
I proudly ex-�
fplained why he
"Oh, let tem stay for. a while.
couldn't see �
imine. He beamed
Wha:t possible harm can they do?"
.
,................................,, ....,.,,,,.. ,t o show it to him.
, ,
, ,
and asked me
and nev9r
In a very un--Indi.an manner, I turned over every bn sh wj +.bin J 00 yards
four.cl it!
EFrom the Readers Digest, JP.nu�ry·l9�7).
!
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.
-·.-, :· "- ·'
·
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•
•
J:.-1
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:���-!ir��:nh<>le
o
foxholes
m
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�(11)
( At this time of year; �hen High School Seniors should be making plans to con
tinue their education, the Newslet ter would like to rep rint the following infor
mation regarding the State ts Indian scholarship programs. - Ed. )
UNIVERSITY OF MAINE
Five full tuition scholarships are available each year to members of the
Passamaquoddy or Penobscot Tribes.
Applications for these s cholarships or
more information about them can be obtained from the Office of Student Aid, on
the University of Maine campus in Orono.
In addition, there are many other
programs of financial assistance administered by the Student Aid office which
will allow any student, Indian or non�Indian, to obtain almost complete financing
of the cos t of a University education, based on personal need.
These Indi an tuition scholarships, which have been available since 1934,
'are listed �r. Page 19 of the University's Financial Aid Bulletin for 1966-68.
STATE COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS
The minutes of the May 27, 1966, meeting of the State Board of
contain the following paragraph:
11It was moved by Mr. Bailey, seconded by Dean Mardner,
and voted-that the Board 6ffer free tuition, fees and, if
available, room and board, for one Maine Indian student at
each of the five s tate colleges, each of the vocational
technical institutes, and each of the Schools of Pract� cal
Nursing, and that free tujtion be offered to .as many qual
ified Maine Indians as are accepted for enrollment."
Ednl'!nJ,j
•>rJ,
The schools involved are: Aroostook State College ( Presque Isle ) ,
Farming ton State C oll ege (Farmington), Fort Ken t State College ( Fort Kent ) ,
Gorham 3�ata College (Gorham), Washington State College (Machias ) , Central Maine
V-T Institute ( Auburn ) , Eastern Maine V-T Institute (Bangor), Northern Maine
V-T Ins titute ( Presque Isle ) , Southern Maine·V-T Institute ( South Pc.,rtland ) , and
Maine Schoolsof Prac tical Nursing ( Portland, Presque Isle and Waterville) .
Further information can be obtained from the various schoo�s.
Information
just reaching the Newsletter indicates that the State Board of Education recently
voted "unanim011sly to amend and clarify its original scholarship policy for our
Indian youth" to provide one fl,lli s cholarship each year to qualified students
at each of our vocational-technical institutes and state colleges.
In this way,
rn.•we than one Indian student can be in attendance ( on scholarship ) at each
institution each year.
·
THE FIRST AMERICAN IS LAST
American Indians have received on the average ·only five years of schooling
an::l have a dropout rate today exceeding 50 per cent�
They learn virtually
nothing about the postive aspects of Indian historY., an d grow up hna ble to cope
well with either reservation life or life in the white ma n ts world.
These were
am•ng the charges made at a conf e re n ce last month of the education committee of
t.he Association on American Indian Affairs.
While a majority of Indian children attend public s chools, a large per
centage are shipped off by the Bureau of Indian A ffairs (BIA) to .federally-run
boarding sch o o ls, of ten hundreds of miles from heme.
These schools were
attacked mos t severely at the conference as harmful to the youngsters' education
a.rx:l 'to their mental health.
Carl L. Marburger, new chief of education at the
BIA, declared that he is trying to change the policy and bring more children
back to day schools on the reservation. ( From Saturd ay Review, 12/17/66)
�(12)
(Continued from page 2)
(103rd Legislature)
19 Indian bills were introduced and referred to 7 different co.mmittees
for hearings. Thus up to 7 trips were necessary for Indians and other
persons interested in these bills to be present in kuguuta for the&e
hearings. We haven't learned whether there will be a change now that
we have the new Department of Indian Affairs but we were told by the
Commissioner of Indian Affairs in hugu_ta thut he has talked �ith
State legislators and legislators-elect on the scheduling of Indian
bil�s in the forthcoming session. One of his concerns was this very
problem.
Desirable changes may of necessity be slow in coming, but
at least we have a Department finally that is working only with Indian
interests and problems and not concerning itself w�th so many areas that
the Indians become only one more division to be ad.Jinistered as one
would a welfare agency, as when the .In ians fell under Health and 1/elfare.
I am not implying that Health and ,�elfare did not do anything for the
Indians, but only that much more should be forth coming from the new
Department of Indian Affairs. The Newsletter realizes, though, that
what the Department can accomplish is in large part controlled by the
Legislative fingers holding the �u�se strings. So, ·�nally it is these
legislators who will decide what progress will be made by the Indians
here in f·mine. The better they are inf armed of IV hat the problei'Jl.6 are
and what can be done to help the situation the better able they will be
to vote intelJigently on any Indian question they are faced 1ith.
The Indians are not a special interest group; They are citizens
who have contributed a great deal to this State over the years &nd who
have often come up uncomplaining on the short end of a bargain, ·1hen
lands have been taken, .1hen restrictions have been placed on them and
when Trust Funds have been �ithheld from them 1ith no adeqQ.te reasons
given.
During the forthcoming Legislative session fhe l�ine Indian
Newsletter will keep you informed of legislative nerys regarding
Indian matters. ind, V!here it is possible we will let you know how some
of the legislat rs feel regarding the Indian bills.
•
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•
•
•
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*
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BIA HIGHLIGHTS
From the Rosebud Sioux Herald (12/19/66) re gleaned the following
highlights of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, an agency of the Federal
Government,.
SISSETON- .j,.i.J:1!=:.�:T01 RI:· E�VATION, S. D., Jan. 13-- Herter' s Inc. of fllinne
sota has announced plans to produce 12-gauge shotgun shells here.
It is expected to employ 40 men in a t1�0-shift operation. Three
new buildings aill be constructed at a cost of �130, 000.
***
CREEK NA'l1ION, O.R:la. , Jan. 13 -- 1-:iore than tvrn million acres ceded to
the U.S. on August 7, 1856 had been valued at �1.00 an acre at that time.
·The Indian Claims CoromiBsion decl8rcd recently, however, that the
U.S. only paid �l milJ�on and still owes another �l million.
***
CATTARAGuS RESERVATION, N.Y., Jan. 13 -- The first Seneca
Corporation has laid out plans for a pillow factory here to eventually
hire 300 Indians.
The Seneca Nation invested ��800,000 and expects to solve reservation
·(Continued on Page 13)
ur.f�ployment.
SENECA
�( 13 )
( BIA Highlights , Continued from Page 12 )
I HITE l"i0UNTAIN APAC HE R"SSERVATIO�, Ariz. , Jan. 13
This reservation
is still abuzz over having one of its trees lit up at the �hite House
in �·Jashington, D . C.
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* **
'HNSLmv , Ariz. , Jan. 13
Ab out 30 Nava jos began training here under
the BVD Company of New York C�ty.
If the training is successful, the company has indicated it will start
a plant near here.
- -
***
COCHITI P UEBLO , N . M. , Jan. 13
A $ 50 Hillian, earth - filled dc..m has
been approved by this pueblo.
It will be built on the Rio Grande River and cover 5 . 3 miles, while
flooding 4 , 000 acres o f Indian land. About � 1 45 , 000 was granted to the
Indians for easement .
Known as the Cochiti Dam, it will be the second biggest o f its
• ••
kind west of the Mississippi.
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TRAINING COURSES
The Maine Employment Security Commission announced three new
training courses madeav�ilable through the Manpower Devel opment and
Training Act (HDTA) in November . These are Nurse Aide , Genera l O f fice
Clerk ( refresher), Sheet Metal Installer. More infor@ation on these
(and other) training and employment programs can be obtained from the
nearest o f fice of the Maine Employment Security Commission.
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WATER HOOKUP CONPLETED
Pleasant Point- Housing O f ficer, Tony Kaliss reports that the water
hookup at the P leasant Point Reservation is completed , with the
exceptmon of a few minor details.
18 families were to be hooked up.
Two turned out to be already hooke·d up ; two were too far from the
main lines, thus making the ditch digging costs prohibitive ; and one
person �as unable to make any contrib ution toward the cost of being
hooked up ; the rest however have been hooked up and now have running water.
Several families on their own have installed hot water heaters and at
least one farnily has installed all the necessary pluiub ing for a toilet.
The Newsletter is pleased with these results and ho�es it 0ill not be
lon g� th e f u 1- n re be fore these other fami lies can h ave running \vater.
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Mr. VineDeloria, Executive Secretary o f the National Congress o f Ameri
can Indians ( NCAI) , in Denver Co lorado, is interested in the possibi lity
of NCAI being able to of fer f uture · techn i cal assi s t ance to .Maine ' s
Tribes in econ orn� c development o f the Reserva t � ons, end p l ans to
contact Tribal o f f i c iR l s s ome t i m e next Spring.
�( 14 )
( Le t t e r s ,
C o n t in u e d
I
Ap r i l ,
I
wish your
Wisc onsin will
4)
f r om F a ge
plan o n g o in g h ome
pape r
and
the
o r gani z e
s tart
best
of
a pape r
c o l l e ge
luck
like
and
in
I
t h e I: i .:: in e
Lily
the
hope
ha i n e
FARS . J B LL
THE L! ST
5,
Indians
The
on c e
B ut
Our V a l le y )
they
c ame
se t t le
d i d r e t urn
Liv e rill o r e ,
t he ir natural dis t ru s t
to
have
c ould
left
c ome
After
t he
t he
and
to
t he F r e n c h a n d
I n d i an s .
As
i n C an a d a .
t he r e w e r e
b e fore
most
I ndians
of
t hem l e f t
first
were
un f r i e nd l y .
so
whi t e
up
But
He
li v e
here
he
o v e r c ame
e v e n �as s a i d
any I ndians
disease
se t tl e r s
the
river ,
I nd i a n s
to
t ha t
to
0 h e n D e a c on Liv e rwo r e
going b y
fire .
I n d ian w a r s ,
the
500
our V alley neve r
At
unlocked
�h e n Liv e r m o r e
o n l y ab o u t
le f t
ye ar .
t he y v i s i t e d h i m r e gu la r l y .
sleep by his
A n a s ag un t i c o o ks m ov e d
c o u s in s
each
h i s ki t c h e n d o o r
in
o f Valley
H e le n C a l d v e l l C u s hman
gr e a t A n a s agun t i c o oks
a gai n .
to
of
in
Le w i s
* * * * * * * * * • ·· · · · · · · · · ·
( Pa r t
I n d i ans
I n d i an Ne w s l e t t e r .
F oland S pr ing ,
By
fall .
the
d e c iilla t e tl
man y
of
up o n
them
t he
in
the
b orde r
nudb e r
t e r r i t o ry ,
j oining t h e i r
are a .
and
the
t he ir
w a s pe rmane n t ly s e t t l e d
le f t
c r oss
had
e n c r oache d
It
l iv e
177 9 ,
ab o u t
wasn ' t
with
l ong
t he S t .
F r an c i s
I n d ia n s .
Ye t
vis i t e d
each
t he
year
and
h un t e d w a t e r
gi n
to
t h e D e ad
In
gr ound .
the
T he r e
the
l ow e d
of
pi lgr image s
l e r r yme e t i n g B a y .
and
thence
on
p a in t ,
tne
a nd
down
to
the
the
o c e an ,
A l l m e mb e r s
too
o ld
or
They
It
such
the
was
in
herbs
17 96
f ow l w e r e
smoke d
f or p r e s e rv a t i on
s av e d
an e w t h e
the
l as t
the
trip t o
i n b r i gh t war pa i n t
friends ,
a n d s a i d a s a d adie u ,
the ir an c e s t ors .
t h e y abandone d
I n d ian
these
in s o l i t ud e
b u r yi n g
An d r o s c o ggin
p o r t age
they
to
c ar e
for
a n d pai d
to
of
t he
t he
to
they
t omb s .
f or
on
fol
to
of
t he ir
t he m ,
a w ar
abode
They
t h e i r whi t e
an c e s t e r s .
s e a w a s hla d e .
final
wh o
two
d i gn i t y
o f many o f
the
those
t he
f i sh a n d c u r e
the
in w i n t e r .
their
c ame ,
out
c a �e
t ake b a c k
use
lives
t he i r
forever
t he
c l e an
beneath
They v i s i t e d
S t ill aloof ,
holy plac e s
except
a lways
to
gra v e s
gr e a t An a sagun t i c o ok na t i on .
of
to
as we r e
t h i ef c e
on
g r av e s
t he
the
t h e Ke nn e b e c wh i c h
c hildren
t a sks
whi c h ha d
that
t h is
and
s q uaws h a d
other
c ons e c ra t e d
f e a t h e r p lumage ,
ma d e
to
p i l g r iwaGe
ma d e
S q uaws
s un - d r i e d
their
friends .
o th e r
to
t h e y ma d e
f ar.1 o u s I n d i an
tribe
f i s h and wat e r
c o ll e c t e d
a
ca p at
t r y s t i n g p la c e .
the
of
i n f e rm .
do
and
first
furs
An d r o s c o g
a t Iv r r yrue e t i n g B a y .
1e
J f t e r all
The
the
T h e y w ould
this
gr oup r e t urne d
The
d own
c om i n g t o ge t h e r
annual vi s i t s .
i n C an ad a ,
c awe
They
their
c e r e mo n i a l d r e s s
to be
thence
rive r .
all
c ar r y w a t e r a n d
r io r .
full
One
sea .
Pond and C ob b os s e e c on t e e ,
to
in
t he
a n d t h e y s old
Pond .
reached
I s la n d known
pa r t y d i v i d e d ,
d own
They
t o Wa yne
s c a t t e r e d par t i e s
ge s t ur e s
and pad d l e d
H i l s on
we r e
f ow l a t
t h e i r b r i l l i an t
pr ope r
River
two
t h e i r anc e s t o r s ,
R iv e r ,
Le e d s unt i l a l l
the
t h e y ma d e
grav e s
sacred
l on e
their
In
go r ge o u s
survivors
of
f e v whi t e
respe c t s at
the
c e r t a in ly w i t h h e av y h e a r t s
leaving here
T h e n in t he
and there
s unse t ,
a
l on e
they pad
d l e d up t h e And r o s c o gg.in t ow a r d s C n n a da , n e v e r t o r e f urn .
For she er
d rama t i c pa t h os t h e r e hav e b e e n f e w s u c h s c e n e s i n t he h i s t o r y o f o u r
Nat i on .
( C o n t in u e d
on Page
15 )
�( 15 )
(The Last Farewell , continued f rom page 14. )
The Indian was certainly right in defending his homeland .
It is
n ot to our cr edit, this chap ter in history . · The French w e r e al �ys more
patient and gentle th&t the English, they treated the Indians as brothers ,
shared their hardships , intermar ried with the�. The Eng lish were arrogant
and presumptuous and cap tured many Indians and so ld them as slaves . No
'
wonder there was b loodshed and cruelty. I would like to close this brie f
piece about our Va lley Ind·ians with some wise words f rom l'ir . Starbird.
"The treatment of the Anasagunticooks by the English was harsh, cruel,
perfidious, dishonest . Even then there were roany acts o f kindness and
faithfulness on the part of the Indians . H ad the c-0 lonies reciprocated
their kindness and the white people treated them \1ith any degree of f a i r
neus , thousands of innocent lives , both English and Indian , w ou l d have
been spare d the sacrifice. "
* * ** * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * *
( E d . Note : The fol lowing is part 2 o f a UPI series which we r �printed
in the September Newsletter . The f inal part will. ap1)ear in the J anua.1· y
issue .
The Original Americans
VISTA 0 9rkers En larging
By Jack V . Fox
Indian �eservation Program
•
•
•
The high desert 1J1as blazing hot in the Arizona sun and the Nava j o
sheep and goats had been herded from 3 0 miles around t o rough rock for
the once a year dip in disin fectant to rid theru o f ticks and lice.
Tugging and hauling away at the sheep were two gir ls v1ho lilight have
been debutantes- Sheila i' iarvin of P1teasantville, N . Y . and Linda Elsner
of C r ystal Lake , Ill. Twenty yards away , Indian squaws holding their
young stared at the white gir ls in astonishment .
The gir ls were VISTA ' S- Volunteers in Service to .!�u.erica, a sort o f
domestic Peace C orps . They were wrestling the squirfiling sheep toward
a smelly trough in an idealistic , naive but hea rt-tu gging attempt to
show that the white people want ed to help the nation ' s lar gest Indian
tribe up out of a poverty that is as rnuch o f soul as of body.
The Nava j o reservati on spreads over a par t of Utah and New t 1exic�
but most of its 24 , 000 square miles lies in Northeastern Arizona .
C rossing its great plateaus and mesas is a trip as long f rom Boston to
Washi n gt on. On it subsist 110 , 000 Nava j os , illost o f them living in
Aoga.ns , round or hexagonal shaped buildings o f timbers chinked with mud
and over laid with a roo f of sticks and mud or hides .
The hogans have dirt f loors , no plu bing and no heating except for
an open fire which also serves for cooking. The one coi1llilunity we ll for
water may be as far as 20 miles away.
Defeat caue to the Nava j os in 1863 at the hands o f C o l . Kit Carson
and the U . S . C avalry. They were stripped of guns , horses and their
f lo cks of sheep and driven 300 miles on foot to what amounted to a
concentration camp at Fort Sulillle r , N.1•1 .
l
In 1868 , when they were re l <? � 1;1 0 il .q n d pe r m i. t t e d to return to their
b a rro n land , only 3-000 n ! m :: d n 0 d .
They exist now by raising sheep , goats
and some ca t t l � � n d by planting pathetic little patches of corn , beans
and squash.
A few pf the women make blankets and rugs and sode of the older
artisens u1ake the heavy Nava j o silver j evrn lry . But the bracelet the
tourist pays $24 for in a curio shop o f f the Indian reservation has
(C ontinued on page 16 )
..•
�( 16 )
( The Original Ame rican Continue d from iage 15 )
be en mark ed u p f rom the �8 paid the .Nava jo silv e r ::: ..1ith.
Their av erage pe r capita income is only a f aw hundr e d dollars a
y e ar •
The 1965 p e r capita }: er..:ional incoi,1e of the av er2.ge A .ierican was
$ 2 , 724 .
The remoteness of the tribe is almost unbe lievable.
Pat Arizas
o f Duluth , Minn . , anoth er VISTI volunte e r , recently drove a high chassis
Ford Bronco ove r th e trails to Nava jo Mountain not far from the Gr and
Canyon.
He was the firGt white the Indians had ever se en. The oldest
m e mber of th e community, a man in his 8o • s , told Ari zac tDat his fath e r
once had told hi� about the white an .
In a flat stone building at Fort De fiance that w�s once a 1 ilit ary
j ail is the of fice of Peter MacDonald.
He is an ex-harine , holde r of
a de gre e in electrical engin e ering, a forme r pro j ect engine er for the
Hughes Aircr a ft Co. in the development o f guidance sys t e ms for th e
P olaris missle
. The 37 ye ar-old J. :acDonald is a Nava jo , born in a hoga.n on the
r eservation 100 miles horth of Fort De fiance . His nam e prob ab ly was
given one of his ancestors by a soldie r who couldn ' t spell the Nav a jo
name and donated his own.
Macdonald is the director of the Of fice of I avajo :Sconomic Oppor
tunity . H e reports to Sarge at � river ' s 1� ar on Pove rty ope ra t i on in
:,h
Washington �
He d escribe s . the plight of the N avajo this way :
"Conditions on the r eservation have re ached the stage � 1he r e no
amount of give away programs, no amount of money , can correct t i e b asic
inne r pove rty of the Nava jo. This is poverty of the soul.
You s e e it
eve rywh e r e and it is be coming especially evident in the young people.
It ' s whe n someone says ' to he ll with everything, I ' ve given up' "
MacDo�ald' s hope--and he is hope ful--is the education of young
Nava jos in colle ges p lus job expe rience off the r eservation with the
f undamental condition that they come back a fter a few years to he lp
their trib e.
H e also is helping· to lure light industry to the re servation .
Largely
Largely through his e f forts , the Fairchield Co . of San F rancisco ,
manuf actur e rs of e l ectronic e quipment, e stablished a factory 18 onths
ago at S hiprock.
It e mploys 400.
Fairchiald was attracte d by t h e big
available labor marke t and the fact that Indians have exceptional manual
hand-to-eye d � xterity in working on tiny devices.
A new demon� tration school opened this fall at R o ugh Rock.
Financed by the O f fice of Economic Opportunity and headed by Rob e rt Russell
on leave from Arizona State Unive rsity, it is on e of the most promising
e nd e avors yet unde rtaken for th e Navajos .
The de monstration school �Jill concentrate as much on bringing in
adult Navajos for training and education as on youngs ters. There is an
arts and cra fts department heade d by Ambrose R ori n h o r s e , fame d throughout
the reservation for his j ewelry and l e a t her work.
Th e Nava j o r e servation proha b ly will ne v e r attnact he avy industry
and for one basic r e ason- lack of water • There are no railroads and the
near e st e ast-west con t inental - highway is route 66 south of th e r � se rvation .
As a tribe they are fairly we althy. They receive approximately
$ 1 0 mil lion a ye ar f rom gas and oil royalties. The money is not
distributed indiv i d na lly however, but ms used for t r ibal e xpenses
including wel f ar e . The re are coll e ge scholarships for ambitious
y o u!?-gs t e r s but f e w e v e r r e t urn .
•
�( 17.)
NATIONAL INDIAN ARTS EXHIBITION ANNOUNCED
The Scottsdale (Arizona) National Indian Arts Council, Inc . , will pres ent
the sixth annu al National Indian Arts Exhibition on March 4th .... 1 2th, 1967, in
Scottsdale .
Classification cf entrie s under Secticn A (Paintings and S culpture) include
Water Based Paintings, Paintings with New Vistas, Student Paintings, Special
Student Competitfon, Sculpture, Experimental, and Drawings and Print s .
Under Section B ( Crafts) the following classifications have been estab
lished : Pottery, Textiles ( Constructed), Decorat ed Fabrics, Metals, Basket s ,
Carvings (other than s culpture ), Beadwork, Special Classif i cation, and Student
Craft s .
Po etry, Legends, an d Short St�ries have been set a s the c lassificaticns
under Section C ( Creative 'Writing) .
Entries for Sections A and B must be r eceived not later than Febrnary 1,
1967 .
Entries for Section C must b e re ceived not later than January 15 , J 967 .
Fonn.s and. mor e ] nformation may be obtained from :
Scottsdale Nati onal Indi an Art s Exhi bition
P . O . Box .381
Scott sdale, Arizona
( Submitted by a reader )
A
DAY FOR THE AMERICAN INDIAN
by Hubert H. Humphrey
Vice President, The United States of America
NEW
Our people t s thinking helps determine our country ' s future .
As we
accurately recognize our national problems, we take a giant step forward.
A c ase in point of the need for clear understanding is the "picture " in
some people ' s minds · about the ft.merican Indian .
Unfortunately, a remnant of a long-past era
an image of a monosyllabic
In<li au-:l n-war-bonnet
widely persi sts.
'!'his 11picture11 is unfair and damaging
to a half million American citizens .
When the French nobleman, Alexi s deTocqueville, vi sited the United States
in the 1830 ' s and wrot e his piercing analysis, Demo cracy in America, he
commented that the Indians were "a colony of strangers in the midst of numerous
pecple. 11
I am pleased to have an· opportunity • • •t o help �iepel scme of the myths
and fancie s that, regrettably, keep many American Indians "a colony of
strangers " even today.
The outmoded image of the American Indian doe s dis
servi ce to the hundred s of Indian men and women who are leading citizens in
our national life as scientists, educators, busine ssmen, industrialist s,
artists, entertainers, and lawmakers .
An even greater di sservice is done t� the less prominent but not les s
important Indian people who live quietly among us i n o ur cities and suburbs,
working diligently at jobs , striving to provide good educations for their
children, and seeking above all to be a part of growing Ameri ca without having
to sacrifice the unique heritage they bring to our varied culture .
The Ind ians who still cling to reservation life, wary of the bewildering
pace o f the outer connnuni ty and not aspiring to it are probably the ones who
are injured mo st by perpetuation of the notion that Indian ways are 1 1 colorful . 1 1
They are too often regarded as a colle ctive national monument, an object o f
curious intere st, like the ancient r.e�wood forests or the Grand Canyon .
(Continue d on Page 18)
-
-
�(
18 )
( Con tinued from Page
There i s no thing "colorful" about pover ty,
17)
racial di s crimination,
of preparedne s s for change tha t makes a minorit y fear and mi s tru s t
or lack
the inevit
able progre s sion o f the human race from one pha s e o f cultural and 6ocial accomp
l i shment to the nex t .
These are the shackles tha t tend to bind some 380 , 000
American ci tizens who are t he " re s ervation Indian s" of this decade .
Because of such fe t ters ,
Indian men and women,
the record of personal achievement for individua l
over the pa s t century,
is all the more notewor thy .
A
de s cendant of O s age and Kaw chiefs wa s Vice Pre siden t of the United S t a tes in
the adminis tration of Herber t Hoover .
Indians have fre quently held seat s in
t he Hou se of Repre sen tatives -- and, indeed,
in the 8 9 th Congre s s.
there is a Sioux from Sout h Dako ta
One of the world's grea te s t ballerinas is an Osage ;
Indian ar ti s t s are so numerous
that
ver ten t ly- - o t hers of e qua l renown.
to lis t bu t a few wou ld be to omit
and
- - inad
In sport s , Indians have broken world r e c o r
s .
Indians in the armed services of t he United S tates include heroes who were pri
va tes and heroes who were general s ,
es t
tribute,
De s pi te t he
tremendous
and glory of t h i s cou n t ry,
lookers as
and several have ear n e d
t h e Congres sional Medal o f Honor.
contributions
tha t Indians have made
to the grow t h
mos t of their brethren are s t il l n o more
the res t of the nation proceeds
than on
to build a truly Great Socie ty.
In the his tory of Federa l - Indian rela tions
uing s .
the Na t ion's h i gh
there have been coun tle s s begin
Programs and policies imposed in one era have been dis carded in the nex t .
Some of the policies have had the be s t intere s t s of Indians at hear t.
no t .
Some have
Bu t, regardle s s of mo t ive s , i t can be said wit h certain ty tha t no real
answer s have yet
been found
people become part of the
to this basic ques tion :
How can all the Indian
total spectrum of American po l i tical,
nomic life wit hou t each one having to a s k himself the ques tion :
t o be an Indian? "
social and
ecu
" To be or not
(Con tinued next mont h )
BISHOP VISITS INDIAN ISLAND
The Most Reverend Peter L. Gerety, C ')adjutor Bi shop of th e Catholic Di1)cese
Por t.l and, made an offi cial visitation at St . Ann ' s Pari sh, Indi an Island,
Sund ay ( Decemb er 11th ) .
The Bangor Daily News of De cember 12th showed a pic
ture of Bi shop Gerety talking with Tribal Governor Francis Ranco , Pastor Rumeo
St . Pi e rr e , and Legi slative Repre s entative Jvbn Nelson .
of
IMPORTANT L
�DIAN AFFAIRS BOOK PUBLISHED
An il luminating book whi ch pr esent s some challenging ideas concerning
Indian problems and Indian a dmini stration has come on the market recently.
It
is "must " reading for anyone connected with Indian affair s .
The book was com
piled by a blue-ribbon staff under the Commis sion on the Right s, Libertie s and
Re sponsibilities of the American Ind ian .
It wa s printed by the University of
Oklahoma Pre s s under the title of " Th e Indian - Ameri ca ' s Unfinished Busine s s . "
This compilation of ideas includ es the thoughts of William A . Brophy f former
Commi s s ioner of Indian Affairs ) and Sophie D. Aberle, as major authors .
Cthers
include W. W. Ke eler, Karl N . Llewellyn, Soia Met s chikoff, Arthur M. S chles!nger,
and o. Meridith Wilson .
" The Indian - Ameri c a 1 s Unfinished Busine ss" can b e ordered from the
Oklahoma Pre s s , University of Cklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, for $5 . 95 per co,y .
( From the Navajo Time s, 12/22/66 )
·
The Indi an name for crer.barr�e s
was
" i-bimi ", meaning "bitter berry. 11
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Post Office box
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Dec. 1966)
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
Date
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1966-12
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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PDF Text
Text
7
E
DECEMBER 1967
TO CONTINUE YOUR SUBSCRIPTION TO THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER WITHOUT MISSING A
SINGLE INFORMATION-PACKED ISSUE!
If you are
.
• • • • •
ari INDIAN, living ON A RESERVATION IN MAINE, NOW receiving the Newsletter DO NOTHING!
(You are known to be an ... Indian and will continue to receive the Newsletter free
of-charge.)
• • •
* * * * * * * * * *
• • •
an INDIAN, NOT living on a Reservation in Maine," NOW receiving the Newsletter SEND IN TIIE SUBSCRIPTION SLIP ON THE LAST PAGE AND IDENTIFY YOURSELF AS AN INDIAN!
(You will then continue to receive: the l!ewsletter free-of-charge.)
++++++++++++
• • •
a NON-INDIAN, REGARDLESS of where you live,-NOW receiving the Newsletter SEND IN YOUR SUBSCRIPTION FEE, BASED ON THE FOLLOWING SCHEDULE, TOGETHER WITH THE
.
SUBSCRIPTION SLIP ON THE LAST PAGE!
(Subscription Schedule: Regular - $2.00/year; Contributing - $5.00/year; Support
ing - $10.00/year; Lifetime - $50.00.
You will then continue to receive the
Newsletter each month.)
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
If you are not now receiving the Newsletter, but would like Maine's only state
wide Indian-ne:wsletter mailed to you each month, fill out the subscription slip
on the last page, in accordance with the above instructions, and mail it NOW to:
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Pine Street
Freeport, Maine 04032
NOrE:
Please make sure to include your ZIP Code with your address when mailing
in a subscription.
We must use the ZIP Codes in order to qualify fo� our bulk
mailing permit
•
.
Since August, 1966, the Newsletter has been distributed free-of-charge
to all interested persons, financially supported by a few generous pe·: :
both
within and outside of Maine.
Now the Newsletter hopes to become self-supporting
through subscriptions from non-Indians, so that Indians may continue to receive
each issue .free-of-charge.
All the labor of typing, mimeographing, assembling
and addressing will continue to be donated by intet'ested volunteers. - Editor
�t>
(2)
RESERVATION NEWSPAPER STARTED
·::J
I.
�-=-==I
(_ <:
PTI.INCETON - The Wigwam Weekly is the newspaper of the Indian Township
Passamaquoddy Reservation, Princeton, Maine.
Its objective is to aid this
Indian community's development' through better communication.
The staff of
the Wigwam Weekly consists of Indians and the two Indian Township VISTA (Volun
teers in Seryice to America) Volunteers,
Future issues of the Ueekly will keep track of the Reservation's latest
news events, give editorial space for Indians and interested non-Indians to
voice their opinions, feature Indian stories, list job opportunities, give
Tribal reports, display Indian art work, and sponsor an eJcchange column with
the Pleasan t Point Passamaquoddy �eservation, Perry, Maine.
In order to cover printing and mailing expenses, ·wigwam Weekly readers
living of£ the Reservation are being asked to buy a subscription to the news
paper.
All Indian families on the Reservation receive free copies th�t are
distributed by the Indian Community Action Program.
Therefore, if you are interested in receiving the �iJigwam Jeekly each
week and keeping up with the latest news from this Passamaquoddy Indian Reserva
tion, please send your name and address (remember the ZIP Code) and subscription
.
fee as follows:
v!IGWAM HEEKLY
One (1) month
Three ( 3 ) months - 12 issues
Box 212
4 Issues
35 ¢
$1.00
Princeton, Maine 04668
-
The 3rd issue of the Weekly, dated December 19th, carried stories on
"NAACP Seeking More Voice for Indians in State ;Legislature;" a Community Action
Program report by CAP Aide Morris Brooks; advertisements for Reservation dress
making and baking; announcements of Christmas movies, a cotmnunity and a children's
party; a "Spotlight" feature on George Wiseman, freshman at St. Francis College
in Biddeford; and a report on the newly-formed Indian Township Passamaquoddy
Boy Scout Troop.
TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY
- James Schoenthaler, former assistant coordinator for the State's Office
of Economic Opportunity (OEO) and State Manpower Coordinator, under OEO, was
sworn in on December 27th as Chairman (and Commissioner) of the Maine Employment
Security Commission.
A frequent visitor to the 3 Reservations in connection
with the Tribes' OEO and VISTA programs; as a member of Governor Curtis' Indian
Community Assistance Committee; and most recently with Mr. Orval Packard, Indian
Advisor to the U. s. Dept. of Labor in Washington; Mr. Schoenthaler will be able
to be of continuing service to the Indians of Maine in his new capacity.
- Mr. George Stevens, Sr., father of .Indian Township Governor John
Stevens, was one of those interviewed by Portland Press Herald writer William
The November 19th Sunday
Langley in a recent "man on the street;1 series.
Telegram quoted Mr. Stevens, a World War I veteran, as believing the U.S. is
right to be in Vietnam.
"If we give our word to someone, we should keep it,"
he said.
"And I think our government is concerned about Communist expansion."
- On Decembe� 27th, Governor Curtis and the Executive Council approved a
loan of $5,000 from the state's Construction Reserve Fund to the Dept. of Indian
Affairs to pay for preliminary engineering and design work for water and sewer
age facilities at Pleasant Point and Indian Township.
This preliminary work
will make up a major portion of the Reservation Housing Authorities' application
for funds from· the Economic Development Administration.
Once the sewage and
water projects are funded, the design cost will be repaid from combined state
and federal funds for which the Authorities are applying.
�- 3 Detroit i ·an,
anslaughter.
continued from IJage
12)
�
The judge said th
he was sorry for Tompkins as for
anyo e he had e er sent:rnced.
Judge J.r ch i b a lJ c::.�1:-.-�.rently
we.s J.111pressed �11.th Tor.i11kins' art talent
and a.sk"d him how he
had acquired his talent .
ToL1rokins se.id he h�d ricked it up on his own but
that
he read books on
ichel3n�elo and �ewurandt.
.
At a preliminary hearing in di s tr ict court at Presque
Isle Oct. 10, testimony di ··closed that Ann 'lOiilpl:ins 1rns beaten
�
�
to death after a vani lla - d rinkin� \bout Oct.
2 in B lai ne.
EDITORIALS
EDITOR
•
•
•
•
EUGENIA
(THOM.Jill) THOMFSON
(Penobscot)
The Maine Indian Newsletter is Maine's only state-wide
Indian ne�sletter,
and including this issue has been free of
(Besure and read this month's cover page to ensure
your receiving the January issue.)
charge.
News and stories may be subaitted to the Newsletter for
publication at the following address:
Pine Street
Freeport,
04032
865-4253)
haine,
(Telephone:
Letters to the Editor are welcoi.1e but JJtust conform to the
They must bear the writer's
rules required by every newspaper.
correct na�e and address although pen nafues are permitted at
the discretion of the Editor.
though names will be
11
lett�rs uust be
Preference will be given to letters not over
length.
signed
1ith held from publication on request.
350
.rnrds in
Letters are subject to condeasation or editing when
space limitations require �nd to correction of gra.lilil1er or
obvious errors.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
At a recent meeting with a State Senator the subject of
The comri1ent was u1ade that "that
the Princeton Strip arose.
Most anyone
was no place for anyone to be living anyway."
seeing the Strip for the fiBst time would probably agree9
reservation land which allows
However there is nearby
alittle more s.:ace between the highway and the .lake which
would make a beautiful place to put up homes, if the Indians
of their land.
could be allowed to use alitt1e
Slums are presently being torn down in Fortland and no
one has su��ested that these people move to sowe other part of
the state because they will find living conditions better there;
likewise,
move away
I see no reason �hy Princeton Strip Indians should
from the area they choose to ••1ake their ho.file in.
Complete assimilation would solve one problem, but' isn't
just alittle too much of these people, when so ·aany
of us take it for granted that we can live were � please?
this asking
�- 4 LETT RS
Dear Editor:
I would like to receive the Maine I nd��n Ne isle tt.r, �nd
·
would you send one to Mr. Joseph H. Nicholas, • • •
and S. F. C. F ranci s J. Nic h ol as, • • • who h as 4 1Jore 1.1onths in
Vi etn am .
•
• ·
•
:le just carie back froltl r·i a i ne. ! y brother,
Jo s e ph L • .B assett passed away Nov.
de all went
to
25th, 1967.
th e fu neral.
Yours tr uly,
Mo r g aret
Nichol as
�.
Sp rin g Lake,
of
x
x
x
x
Dear �.trs.
x
x
N.C.
x
Thompson;
lvir. E dw a rd Hinkley spoke here last ni ;:. ht on ti1e sub ject
i"!aine Ind ian s .
He le ft with us a c o y y of y o ur "Haine Indian
1
News
and t old
Letter"
all the
I
of y ou r hope of
Indi a ns by �eans
e ncl o se
a
of
f or
check
for
Jill you send it
te n do llars.
regularly to ce at the above addres s,
li ke a subscription
cleliv"ring it free to
:2p0 subscriftions.
o ur
I 'd
lle_se?
�lso
Southwest Harbor Library �here
it will be put in a conspicuous p lace to catch any intarested
eye. _
The r e filaining six d o llars can help on your e x�e nse s any
There is a
way you cho o se .
His last
was a no v el out
one
and
Roni vulture
Or
you mig_t want to
�riter th· t
do you know Frank ·
send a copy to someti�e;
r e ligi on.
you could write hiG in
a ter � '
b o oks?
before that he did one on the
I believes he lives in Tao·s,
care of Sage Bo oks,
Denvur,
N.l'l.
ColoraJo.
I l ook forward to re ading y o u r N ew slett � r .
yours,
Very truly
bary Coates
Southwest Harbor,
x
Dear Mrs.
x
x
x
x
x
x
Thom1)son:
°'
My husband
has
been away from the
reservation -'Jany
years a11d so he certainly enjoys receiving
�e try
kn o w
some
haine
to
your Newsletter.
g e t back there about every five ye�rs,
of the
so
I
pe o�le you srite aboutalso.
Thank you for the Newsletter.
l"!r.
x
Dear E dito r ,
x
x
x
x
x
Banks
Cal.
.
I received the Maine Indian l1 1ews let. tJ r,
Some
time
Viz.
the issues Na y and
ago
x
Ja ues B.
& Mrs.
Torrance,
June ,
but
Please keep s endi n g the Ne wsl e tte r.
I f yo u charge suoscription,
please tell l
I'd like to see
a bett e r
as requested.
I 'm afraid not thereafter.
future for all
In d i an s ;
You are
on the move !
Yours s incer ely,
Dick Gevers,
R otterd am,
(Continue d on ;-;age 5)
,
The Netherlands.
�(Iii:TT�P..S,
-
C .i!.di tor's note:
be forwarded to
-
The issues which you
did
not re ceiir e
T hank you for notifying Lte.)
you.
X
Dear
- 5
C on t ' d from ;�ap;e 4)
X
.A
X
X
X
,-Jill
X
irs. Thompson:
,.1,.roup li"le \;ere r· r i vile g ed to
Edw�rd Hinckley speak on I ndian rff�irs in l�ine.
At a recent rueeting of our
tear kr.
a co9y of your Maine
Indian Ne�slett2r,
we find most interesting.
Je hope this sra�ll contrioution will help to covar some
your publishing costs�
he left with us
which
of
Sincerely yours,
11ild1�et.:.
Uo
L.
Calllf'
;c
11
�n's Fellowshi�
�t ari an - Univers�li-t Church
Ne.shua , New Haw.!_:shire.
Un
X
X
A
X.
X
X
X
Dear Hrs. Thom¥son:
For sobeti;.1e now I hav e been enj .Jyin� t.ie 1-�;: ine Indi..::.n
Newsletter and ha ve wanted to congratulate on �·our fi e job.
;nclosed is a check for a su bscription for the c o1.!.lin g yec...r.
�bout 1950 I began to cl1::1 a:;d kee::. all ntMspap �r Erticles
that I cou l d find concerninr raine Indi�ns.
�ven after I
left I�aine � . oi"1 e friends con t in u e d to send me c-.rticles so I
was able to keep abreast of events concerning the haine Indian.
h01.:-1ever, durin the J:ast few years I ave not be e11 a.0le to
kee� as close contact with uy �any
�ine friends as I
' ould
I Delieve
like, and I n ave not been gettillg all ne MS ite: is-.
tLat these clippings l'ill be of historical iui.._ ortc:l.nce for
anyone .JiD ;in._\ to do research on 1 aine Indiaris !hn future years.
I h a v e included obituaries for their value in • e1eolo�y.
I
1ould appreciate it if you or pe�haps any re-der�
tal:e the ti e to send
I also have in
·ould
clipr:inr;s to we.
y :f ile s .-1hat I believe to )e co,,t:.}lete
--<mo ..>cots and ::-:neland, the Color: y of
,
In 1954 er 5 the State
L.assachusetts and the St&te o
I - ine.
of l"-1aine offered to p u b l i s h the..i if I vJOuld '.ive t·1eill to t.he
State.
I felt that I l 1 ad IJUt in a good Je.:11 o· ti .. e and �1oney
to give
in tracing the� doth, copying them, etc, �nd refuse
theiJ to the State.
Howev�r, I hav e always said thc.t I ·,:o-uld
make these documents av�ilable to the Indians any ti�e they
hy fil s incltde t he
thou ... ht that they might need. them.
fir,,t land deed bet w een iiaine Indi . n ..:nd nonindian settler
and so e c curt ca"' ..;s J eal i n P.; .-fi l Ii i·-aine Inc� i· .ns.
treaties
1ade bet.teen
•.
I have enclosed an article iro • ..1 the
/at-..rto\/n _t'L1e ..,
that
i.:7q:';e 11. -Ed.)
One of your i ssues contained an article about the Indian
tribal governors making a visit to an Iro1hois reserve.
At
the Kinzua Dam project where the new homes 1ere constructe<J.,
an article recently published by New York state says tha t
.
the Indians who ·10ved into the new h o u s e s .bad nevQr been as
sick as they were t at winter- colds and sore throats due
to the dry condition of the hot air he2tiug an d g e n er al l y
air tight construction.
Did you kno·.� that TJen Fran klin offered t�1e Iroquois to
I thou,�ht would interest you.
(Continued on page
6)
(See article on
·
�- 6 (LETTERS Cont'd from page 5)
take some of their young men and train them in
the white
schoo s?
I don't recall the exact wordina but the reply
�as
to this effect:
We will take an equal number of y.our boys
.
and train them to be MEN.
Needless to say this ea�±y attempt
at exchange students fell through.
Before I close I would like to leave you \:ith one idea
for thought.
For a nucber of years now I have been trying
to think of ways -for Indians and nonindic.ns to be. ,in to
underst�nd one another better.
It 1asn't too dany years ago
that a friend of .::iine who lived in •"'J lforcl uut was broadi.ninded
enough to allow his children to play with Indian clildren
had a couple youngsters in the house one d&y.
The visiting
neighbor from across the river pointed to·.-.1a:cd liis ho e and
saiLl, nFeo:;ile live here, Indians live thcrc.11 This little
· enobscot about 6 already felt that there w�s L decide
difference
between the peo:ole on the Penob ;cot �eserve nnu tl10.se on the
otherside of the ··.ra t�r.
The first Thanksgiving y.fas a ti.w.e when Indians and non
Indic::.ns feasted together and the relationahip beb1een the tuo
was good. Several times I have sugg,ste that I thou�ht it
would be nice to have a si1i1ilar type of celeoru.tion.
The
experts here in New York say it won't work.
Are they ri ht?
For alon ti�e I've remei�hered a younrster fro� leter
Dana's Point who never go enough to e�t.
One lay shortly
before ·.rhan'ksgivint, he asked we if I could 0ive hi...:1 a turl ey.
Tiraes were not the best for ille then and I didn't think th�t
I could do it, but it is soLlething that I h�ve always wished
I could have done, not only for him but for all the reserve
Indi&ns in Maine.
Guess I'm just an ideali�tic drcLmcr.
Sincerely yours,
Nicholas S;,1ith
Plattsburch, New York
�
·
..
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
(Editor's note:
The Newsletter receives several lett,rs each month
requesting news clippings and general information regarding
the Indians in Haine and the North East.
Usually ;;_y an•::nfier
is limited to a Newsletter or a fact sheet on iia.ine Indians
and occasi011alJy by a lettt=r.
I would like to do Llore but
it is due to lack of time, and nothing else that any answer
to these letters are so brief.
Yo� see,· I ubtk full time
and my husband and I have t�o young children to whom we devote
all the time we can, in addition to the Newsletter.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Nr. and 11rs. Thompson:
Irr the Bath-�runswick Times-necord of Nov. 14, I read
of the riaine Indian Newslett'=r•
If thei�e is a lot of. reading
about the �aine Indians I would be very much interested in
subscribing.
Could you tell me more about it.
I live in Bath, Haine, • • • but COLfle to Pa. for the
winter with my Daughter who has & home at this address.
Are there any good books published about Old Town and
re:-,ervation?
Sincerely,
Harriet F. Denniso�,
Harrisburg, Pa.
(Cont'd on page 7)
•
�- 7 (Letters,
Continued
-(Editor's note:
Penobscot
subject to
from page
6l
There are several books in print about the
Indians.
Some of their factual infor�ation is
questioning, but generally they are 3ood in th�t
they give the re<:der a general idea of how the i·enobscot
lived in the �ast and how he has adjusted to the encroachment
of tl!e nonindian.
Among other .nlaces these books a.re available
at the Mnine State Library in Aubu..:;ta, Haine and at the I-Laine
Historical Society,
Congress Street, Portland, Maine.
485
Old
John Neptune
Hardy �ck.storm.
Maine
Indians
Research Club,
and
Other Maine
In
History And
Legends,
Frank G. Speck,
Philadelphia (1940).
Indians - Maine,
from
1911
to
C ollections,,
1935
Writers
I ortland,
University of
iiairie
Iennsylvania
found at the Maine Historical Society.
iiaine Historical Society,
Penobscot,
volu1ile upon volume
Fassamaquoddy
.:ind the
Indian tribes that used to live in Maine,
which
were eventually wiped out or driven to Canada.
I could
go on,
but this should suffice until next month.)
x
x
Dear Editor,
The letter from drs.
Enable
(Au�ust-September,
enlightening one.
In
the past
(1952).
a scrapbook Collection of Hews�?al_)er Clip:tJinfs
full of information on the
several other
by Fannie
(1945).
by the Maine
Severn<vylie-Jewett Company,
Penobscot Man,
Press,
Indian Shamans,
The Southworth-Anthoensen Press
x
x
:z
x
x
Sylvia Thomrson regarding :iroject
1967,
issue)
was definitely an
I have some tii'1e s questioned the f eclsioility
of such proe;rams as Project Enable which e.. 1ployed J .rs. -
Thorupson as
"Social
_
ide".
It often seems once the })erson
has been employed and has received tr,ining,
has received
financial and eu1otional benefits from this ei.i:_ loyc1ent,
the project
questioned
ceases to exist by not being re-funded.
tl1e wisd0i11 of such
seem to lift one up just to
B.owever,
as
person,
I read and re-read tJirs.
and,
"an
I can see th�t she has grown
�
to
thut she has become even closer to her children,
perha�ru.ost important of all,
she hc..s realized that
Indian has just as much right in this world as anyone
else.11
This letter brousht home
individual can
fa me,
fersotjally,
that if-one
find the way to a better and more satisfying
life from involvement in such a progr&w
must be others.
The project,
therefore,
a ·tremendously worthwhmle goal,
that
letting him do·m.
·rhornp3on 1 s staternent of
has learned that all kinds of peo�le
listen to her,
tl1 t
1-;rojccts as they so often
ue followed by
her feelings about the probrru�,
as a
I
as
this,
then there
has accom1lished
even if not refunded,
and
is the realization of the basic worth and dignity of
the individual.
Sylvia Thompson, for your lett8r, and
Indian i'iewsletter, for rerrin,t;ing it.
}1ost sincerely,
Thank you r�s.
t.hank you ,
Maine
tMrs;)
Anne
D.
Loth
Freeport,
Haine
�- 8 Re:
Day, .Septe
Indian
Jaine
Helen Caldwell Cushi::1an,
on sev�r&l occasions
Feat ure
Falls,
Mrs.
Jri t er
the
for
f�ine.
who hRs contribut ed
Livermore Falls
The following are
congra tula t es
Mrs.
it
:ms a
sugr· es t ing
deliGht ed
are
t ha t
t ha t
and
t hanks her
grdteful for her
of Maine.
1.__ 11erican Indian Day
fine idea and wrot e
he proclaim such a
w
.... s
21
'!le
erve'"t.
oiJ
noted
de
to Governor i,enne t h Curtis
Jay
in Ca.:'..ne.
he had already taken not ice of
has procla.imed Sept ember
by
The Newsle t t er
iveek while s t udyinis· for t h coming holid2.ys,
in l.llany st at es,
t hour:.>ht
de
Livermore
wri t t en
Indian Day
Caldwell Cushman)
Last
promo tion
us.
Indians
American
n
H ele
t ha t
in the
bdver t iser,
the Advert iser.
to
uc. t c-rit..l
the Editor and
t wo edi t orials
Cushman on her
t he edit orials
cont inuing int erest
2lr.t
t he Newsle t t er is no�
Cushman and a�pe aring in
for sending
�y
to
.ber
We
11ere
and
t he day,
as .Ar1erican Indi&n Day in,..the
S t a t e of Maine.
b
�e hope that our cit izens will mark the d�y by r mehl ering all
Governor Cur t is'
t he American Indians.
we owe
t ha t
and proclar11ation follows:
u, 1967
Sep t eillber
Dear 11rs.
CushL1an:
Thank you very much
which y(1U make reference
Day in
office by the
in Maine,
t hree governors of
was decided
it
Indian Day in
t h� t
inform you
to
pleased
my proclail.lling lu'il8rican
to
this
b cr
21
to my
tribes
as i'·1aine
t•Jis
rrocla
£or your considera tion.
EL
was
honor t heri1 and make
Your int erest
Indian
end a co. y of
Ivtaine,
I agree wit h your coLJnen t s concernin·f
t ha t
in
Indic.n
visit
recent
on a
t he various
_proclaim S e j_) t e u.t
to
t he S t a t e of
rua t ion is enclosaJ
I felt
7
of Sept e ·ber
for your let t ,r
Maine.
of
the S t a t e
I am
le t tar
sm<:
11
-..ray in
})art
t hem feel
is
hla t t .Jr
in this
.1hich
of
Indic.l.ns,
t he
we
t he
und
could officially
:.)t ::: t�
of
l'Iaine.
e;re<.l t ly a:•'\n·ecia t eJ..
Sincerely,
Kenneth M.
Curtis
Governor
bu t
(The f?ROCLJ\.l'-ii\.TION followed
it
was
-Ed.
)
included in
the
x
Following
is
Indian Day:
will not
August-�eptember
x
x
x
Cushrnan 's second ,edit orial re:
1'irs.
b
S ep t em er 21 is American Indian Day .
proclaimed
by Governor Kenne th Curt is.
should
pauce
all
Ar.iericans.
t ook i t
our
The
from
t rea t ies
to
reflect
land and all
them.
made
In
wit h
t ru t h our second class
Araericans.
( Continued
on page
9)
on our
t he Newsle t t er.
x
x
x
be re· 1rin t ed since
is s ue of
It
I t is
great
debt
A.i11erican
has been so
day �vhen we
a
to
t he first
its weal th v.ras t heirs.
�Je
many cases we have shaMefully abroga t ed
t he Indians.
citizens.
They
Th e y are
have
been in all
the only native
�- 9 (Continued- from Dage
8)
Our knoHle&ge of the woods we ootaine
d fro ..J our Indians.
Our love of the lakes and streaLls,
our ability to naddle crnoes
c me from our Indians.
Without their help and skill, our
�
firLt colonists would never have survived
tho e first terrfuble
winters.
.F'rora them vrn not only learned ·::hat to ··.ile.nt, but
how to plant it.
Our fondness for campin6, our love of the
out of doo!s, our determination to 1reserve
our wilderness
are all a precious heritage left to us by
our Indians�
Let us p· use this day to honor them, and to make sure
that at long last they will begin to be tre�ted ·s they so
well deserue.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
(The following vas mailed to Don Gellers, an attorney in Eestport,
who saw merit in the article and foru a rded it on th the �ewsletter.
The 'leusletter sends thanks to both Mrs. Simnons , for ;vriting
the article ,
and to Don,
for sending it along to us.)
Our American
Indian
The luu�rican Indian should be recognized as an ir;1_1_Jort2nt
cultural part of our /-1.1.ierican herital�e, filling a niche in
the true pattern of our natural existence.
God is no dis
cri� inator of _er :ons because of color of skin �nd,as Be is
the creator of rnc.nking, v1hen we discriminate, ue ar-2 op� osing
His _attern of creation.
,
l�ybe some things are not
a
such
uhy it is the. t one
1
for us to know,
designated
.an is �.,.hite
<.
dif.i:erent color, �1erha··1s yellor1, blc...ck or bro1m.
all are created fro
the eleuents of the e .rth.
a
a
nd .::.notller ilan
.
But basically,
by should
pig.wcnta.tion of skin cause so much trouble and injustice?
If '7e care to observe and i.1edita te
on the
� •.uierican
Indian we c�n find a lot of skill and talent th�t he
possec.ses
11hich proves nature
she besto1s
doesn 1t discriwinc>.te 11hen
gifts upon mankind.
we kno'·.r that
"/hen one tllinl-s of little childre11
loves
all of them.
Indian iJaby?
precious,
The
a
In His eyes tliey are all
merican
p;ood loyal
as well as
Italian
1�.i.....ricans?
ways of livin
for?
•
or Greek
dhy is
and
Aoerica is supyosed to
Man
yet all are
a
hav�
does.
spoil th�
barrel._
people we shall
�hite
f lnws and failings'
to
brothe ·s.
man's mind.
How
stand
right
people is rotteness
to
le ,
a.rld
Men filay be
Discrir.lination against a race of
the desire
\fho
deuocracy?
They say that one rotten apple will
If we examine
a
om traditions
Indian is a human being and should
different in certqin �ays,
as
·Tho ar8,
their
They observe
clnd
to their
on
it any difi�rent from
far,lilies,
uphold his die;nity just as a �hite
kinds of
an
loveable and
sC:tnitntion,
tte riDht to hold
Isn't this what
Freedom for all
The
as
equally.
tribal customs and traditions.
·
just
Indian people deserve e;ood hoJ1es,
c ha nce to learn,
our
God
ilho c · n turn away with repro:1·ch at
including maybe,
;
in
a
find all
•:orst
of
all,
set themselves up over other r�c�s.
m�ny Indians bla�ed for drin.in� �nd
(Continued on
a
s l a ck wny of
_age 10)
/
�- 10 (Our ... meric.J.n
Indian,
in g
e.. :istence are do
continued from ya;�c
9)
any worse than so many of rJUr ,1l1it e
people?
Look a t our slu..i
areas.
How many white drunl:.:...rds
do we find?
You must not care what your neighbor thinks of you if
you uphold what is riGht.
This means not speakinG with a
forked tongue, spewing out the false doctrine of racial in
equality ju�t to be agreeable.
Either you are for fair
treatment for our American
are you for?
Universal peace
Indians or you are not.
Jhich
for mankind calls for coo,er�tion.
l
true recognition of our
Indian people as a v.ho e \/ould
a
be
A
ste�:. toward better relations in our orm country.
Tl is is
only one step on that long read toward "Peace on "Sarth" but
that long journey, like every journey begins uith a single
step.
He hasn't forgotten any of His creations and we can't
because the change for peace a�ong hlen is slip�ing
afford to,
away fi>om us.
Gloria. iia.tthevJS Caron Simmons
i11r ine
Rockl· nd,
x
x
PASSAr'lA�UODDY
Tovmship)
x
x
x
x
i'H�1·JS - Morris Brooks
x
(Peter Dana foint,
Indian
High School Bquivalency Tests
High School Equivalency 'I'ests were held on Dece1'ber
and
Maine.
9th at �achias,
the five dollar fee would most likely
ment of
Indicin Affairs.) l�.
be
8th,
was told th�t
(The Newslettar
�aid
by the Depa�t
the superintendtnt of
Ross,
if the
schools was planning to look into the matter to see
This would
tests could be given at Peter Dana Point.
depand
on how many people would be taking the tests from the 0oint.
This would benefit everyone who takes tLe tests especially
the youni:;er
for uork.
1ho soueday might go down country to look
·,eople
It'll make a lot of difference if
certificate in his or her h�nd
�hen applyinb
a
person has a
for
Parish Hall To Be Built At Dana
A meeting
Parish Hall.
so the work
�ill be
spring.
That wil,l mean
}:-ierre,
Township),
and l'·lr.
jobs for anyone wbo
attending were Rev. Cole!.ian
Governor John Steuens
a me1aber of
started in the
v::tnts to uork.
O''foole,
Rev. Romeo
(Passamc:tquoddy,
and members of his Council,
Felletier,
-Ed.)
It �as unanimously agreed tbat it nus
too late in the season,
St.
_'.)oint.
should begin on
to set the 4ate on when the construction
Those
the Bishop 1 s itdministration.
beano
g
Point was also sit,ncd by the Governor and Counciih·.
beano
game uas held la.st sa turday and the
little
over si xt y dollA.rs
Indi2n
the Church Council,
An a_pplication for a license to hold
a
job.
rn.s held at ""eter Dana Point two weeJ;:s ae,o
(This item v1as received the first of Dece.. ,:ber. j
the new
a
which will
mes
o.t
The
U1e
first
proceeds cu.1,e to
go to the Church.
hope to double that amount this week-end.
(Continued on page
.le
�- 11 �assarua!uo<ldy �e0s
Continued from page
� Morrii Brooks)
10
Dana ?oint School Children �ake Eus Trip
Children at the Dana
Point
School took a holiday trip
llliine on Deceuber 16 with the help of Gene Stevens
who volunteered to take them do11n in the sch ol bus.
to �anger,
�
The children were met by the students from
High School who escorted them.around the city.
They visited Freesets
Santa Claus.
Box lunches
derartment
John Bapst
store where they met
vere prepared for the thirty-seven
children.
The children were in Bangor all day.
This trip
provided the first visit to Bangor for mo.· t of the children.
I want to thank the people who we�e so generous �hen
N2.ry
w
Point.
.=nt ar und the Strip and when I did likerlise at the
�very one was more than willing to help the Sisters
set this up.
Stude ts frofu
I also �ant to thank the Sister& dnd tbe
John Bapst for making this possible.
70
for the childrens trip brought in well over
Strip and -:eter Dana Point:_,r;: · ·· ·rn
A collection
dollars from
the
High School Equivalency Tests
f."ia.rtha Newell,
Rich
Nary Fillen Sockabesin,
,Jalter Gabriel· and
rd D .na are taking high school equivalency tests in
'aine,
l�chias,
the last day of the t�dt&.
this,
The results will not be known until tlio we ks,
they get in touch nrith
after
the Der art..:llent of Bduc�.tion in .'_ugu·_;ta.
Good luck to them!
X
THE
OLD
IND L�N
IS J T IT AGJ
X
X
X·
X
IN
-
Indian sees the
X
PR0D ICTS B ITT-:H
(From the ··1atertown Daily Times,
An old
X
·Jatertovm,
Hew
.v IN'l1
�.R :J.li;ATH�R.
York.)
i.llusJ;:rat sign and se<.ys east2rn
Ontario is in for one of the severest winters in uany ye.:....rs.
Jocko,
says
trapj_)ed by
86
�ho at
reserve,
Abrahar
wall island
is oldest resideut oi the dorn
the thickness of muskrat hides
Indians on the reserve tell hiui uinter vrill be
"long and very cold."
He predicts snow eight feet deep.
And he says it will not warm u� until next July.
Jocko's forecast are also based on the height of
Nr.
the corn,
grown oy
Indians along the St.
Besides the corn and the ri1ui=;;krat,
Lawrence.
he keeps an eye on the
"night moon.n
La.st year lir Jocko took a look at hi�
11.:::s deep as two tall horses" would fall.
:.
Total
inches,
corn and said snow
snowfall for eastern Ontario la.:,t winter was·
97. 4
more than a foot above normal.
His general forecast for the winter is bitterly cold
wec.>.ther beginning early Novewbe-r Hith snow beginning anytime
It will
now and becoming heavier throuch Deceu1ber and Janudry.
keep co.nin� until April, accordin� to the corn, the muskrat,
the nie;ht i.1oon and Ibraham
x
x
x
Jocko.·
x
x
x
x
�-
12
-
THANK YO U
The
three
I
P o r t land
Z on t a C l u b
s e 11 i n g ma c h in e s
al s o
Pa s s aiHa q u oct . ·; y
am
P l e a s an t
Point
and
c h an c e
r e ad i n �
much
t he
t h is
f o un J
the
to
say
C o�mn i t y t o
Me mb e r s
t h ank
•. f e
s e nd in g t h e
of
the
like
to
ge t
All
to
these
I
to
Pas s amaq u o d d y
� e s e rv a � i o n s .
�. i <l e
ma c h i n e G ,
c a n s a y is
t hank Bd
s e w i n g ma t e r ia l a n d
f orwar d i n g i t
;ur c h e s i n s
_ or t l an d � o n t a C l u�
you n o te .
viou l d
oi
InJi n
c� t
t hank y o u v e r y m u c h
f o r y o u r he lp .
l1 l s o ,
al l o c � t i o n s
Pass a�aq u o d Jy
In d i an C o J1:: uni ty J-. c t i o n
I want
h e l p i n G w.e & n d t h e
any
for
for
by
if
s h o u ld
be
t hank y o u s o
H in c kl e y ' s
E d H in c kl e y
mot her
for
for
them
Ind ian � e s e rv 2 t i o n .
S in c e r e ly ,
:S l i zc:. b e t h !i .
S t an le y
C omwun i t y A c t i o n
Ple a s a n t
Pe r r y ,
X
T r yi n g
f or ;us
test
of
Tr e e
cases
Le ga l
p o or ,
ann o un c e d
c h� l le n ge
Re ad
in
s si s t an c e
t aine ' s
is
G o v e rnu1e n t
ab o u t
this
a
1 io d e rn
( F r om
it
to
the
L'ls t
thi s
we
t he
m on t h
on
I
X
a
and
t o h e ar
see
to
x
x
x
GETS
Ma i n e
T ompk i n s ,
death
in
t he
as
his wife .
b e fore
in
X
the
8�
(AP )
f.h·e
x
x
TO
20 YEARS
Thurs day t o
on a
Indian
few
x
i f a l l the
and
p le a d e d
e i gh t
r e du c e d
gu i l t y
t r ue
be
would
and
ar t i c l e s
and
X
40 F� .
In d i ..,,n s .
of
impr e s s i on s
35th S t . ,
Ne x t
the
'
p r o b ram
x
FOR S LAY ING . , IFE .
Tompkins ,
and a half
c ha r r e
had b e e n
3 8 -.ye ar.- o ld b l on d e
of a
•
Pa s s a�a q u o J u y r e s e rv a t i on
x
o rphan ,
I n d i an
)
s arue
o f N e w . York ,
a
n
to Be
r c. c i c.� l � r i d e .
y o u r n e ws
Ri c ha r d A l e xan d e r
Pr i s o n
an
He
thick ;
Pa ss a m a q u o d dy
for
1 1 H ow
x
X
the
of
� .llle r i c
or
i n : - J a n u a ry • .:.
X
x
11v or.mn
27 ,
to
of
Detroit
2 0 years
o f man s la u0ht e r .
' i t h mu r d, e r
c harf.i:e ci
he
ll a d
t o ma ns l a u gh t e r
identified
Thursday
C o un t y & t t o rn e y C e c i l H .
Jarae s P . Ar c h i b a l d .
f o l l owin g i n s t r uc t i on s f r om a t t o r n e y G e n e r a l Jam e s
to
s a i d t h& t h e h a d n o ob j e c t i o n t o & p l e a o f gu i l t y
Ju d ge
B u r l e i gh ,
Erwin ,
or
pr e s e n t . .
was sentence d here
i n Mai n e S t a t e
I
La } o r t e
.iC
extra
a. 11 :.. :
X
s li d e s
wre
i n c lude d
x
HJ\N
c ourse
b y G e o r Re
t hem
X
drive
x
1 , 1 1/10/67 ;
p.
s e nd
those
DE TRO I T
c on c e r t e d
a.
·
tl e
o f p o in t s .
ins t i l l
we r e
by
H ou l t on ,
new
a
to
y o ur Ne w s l e t t � r
of
for
Jan uary 1 s Ne us le t t e r .
x
mo n t h r e a d
s ome
P ine
f or
l �wye r s
of
p opular
Pine
x
Journ a l ,
t a lk ab o u t
a
wo s t
rnd
in
x
t h e C ommu n i t y C hu r c h
c ha n c �
the
x
Ne� e r t h e l e s s ,
In N o v e mb e r
of
S p oke sfile n
prov ide
n uub e r
i: lans
hand
wiJ:.l � . try ·. t o in.t lud e
had
to
c omrue n c e we n t
a
Ne�r n l e t t e r was
a lr e nd y
w on t h .
e x c e p t i on .
Ne w s le t t e r
x
a r t i c le s
one
p r o g r aiill3 ,
drive
s e eks
Wall S t re e t
s ub m i t t e d
X
" J c c u l t u ra t i on a l Ps y c h o l ogy , "
I n d i an " ;
t he
X
�c
x
c on s u l t an t
c a ll e d
no
1 r o � rarn
l a w on
x
purils ,
i Ia in e .
X
s e rv i c e s
recen tly the
pr e s e n t
A
X
le0al
s t a t ewide
1.1 0 r e
X
rapid ly b e c o raing
r e c r e a t i on
Tre e ,
to
is
X
i �e
P o i n t R e s e r va t i on
( C on t in u e d
on
page
3
)
�100N NAIDE::."IS
To b e come a b a l l e r ina it may no t be neces s ury to have Ind ic=m 'h lood A 'l<l
come from .Okl ahoma .
But i t i s amaz ing that of the few nat ivP A:�er .l.. c an b�·, 1. "!.c:r in as
wr o have e arned in ternat iona l re cogn i t ion , at l ea s t f ive are Llklaho�.�n� a � d
a l l f ive p ar t Ind ian .
I n Tu l s a la s t we ek , a s t h e c l imax of a year - lo � � e 1 �
br� t ion of i t s 60th year as a s ta t e , Oklahoma s aluted i t s famous dancin b
dat.' �h t e r s , R o s e l l a Hightower , Mar j or ie Tal l chie f , Yvonne Chouteau and Mos c e l :;ne
Lur·· in , wi th a ceremonial b a l le t , H The Four Noon s . "
Actua l ly , young Cheroke e composer Lou i s B a l l ard had pro j e c t e d "Five Moon s , "
but the mo s t famous o f a l l Amer ican b a l l er inas , Mar i a Ta l l chi e f , Marj or ie ' s
s i s ter , had to r emain a t home in Chi cago t end ing her papo os e .
" I t wou l d h.:l�n�
b eeT\ wond erful to par t i c ipat e , 1 1 she s ays .
"At l e a s t my s i s ter i s there r e pre s
en ting the Tal lch i e f s . "
But four such i l lu s t r ious moon maidens were more
� � ,an enough t o trans form the v i s ion of anc ient trib a l g lory int o grace fu l , dr am
a t ic movement s .
From the ir provincial beg inning s in the sma l l towns of
C�lahoma , the s e g ir l s branched ou t to con quer the dance cap i t a l s o f the wor ld
Mis s Larkin t o l d NEWSHEEK ' s Phi l ip D . Car ter : "For thous ands of ye ar s
Indi ans have expr e s s e d thems e lv e s pr imar i ly through d ance .
I t was natura l
f '1r me . "
Mar j or i e Ta l lchie f remember s that " i t was the cus tom in our tribe
to get toge ther and dance in the roundhou s e s . "
And Yvonne Chouteau confe s s e s
that " I become s o emo t iona l l y invo lved i n my var ia t i on ab out the ' Tra i l o f
Te ar s ' tha t my hu sband was afraid I ' d s c alp the near e s t whi te man . "
In Europe , where Indians have b een ob j e c t s of cur io s i ty s ince Pocahontas ,
Mar i a Tal l chi e f u s e d to be b i l le d as " Pr inc e s s . "
Be ing Indian s aved Ro s e l la
H::. g h tower from s evere embarras smen t on a r e cent China tour .
" I was trave l l ing
on a French p a s spor t when they l e arned I was Ame r i can .
I t was a b ad. moment .
Thm I t o ld them I was an Ind ian , and suddenly I was a vic t im of Ame r i can
socie ty , a member of a dmm trodden race .. and treated be t t er than anyone e l s e . "
Thi s week , " The Four Noo n s " goe s to Okl ahoma Ci ty for i t s l a s t per forman�e
and probab ly the farewe l l appearances toge ther of Oklahoma ' s Indian bal l er inas .
Bu t they are n o t l ike ly to b ecome a van i s hing bree d .
Among them , the dancer s
have s ix chi ldren , a l l whooping i t up on the dance pat h .
(From New swe ek Ma� a z ine , 1 1 / 6 / 6 7 )
• • • •
JOINT HOUS ING PROJEC T BRINGS NEW
HOMES TO ALASKA TOWN OF HOONAH
The Southe a s t ern A l a ska Ind ian town of Hoonah has received approva l for
con s tru c t i on of 15 home s on a mutua l -he lp b a s i s .
The loan o f $ 187 , 0 6 7 was made to the Alaska S tate Hous ing Au thor i ty
.A} by the Depar tmen t of Hous ing and Urban Deve lopmen t .
(AS P
· The mutua l -he l p
hou s ing proj e c t provide s f o r coopera t ive cons truc tion o f t h e homes by Hoonah
re r id en t s .
Tenan ts wi l l pay rent un t i l the loan is re t ired at which t ime
they wi l l r e c e ive t i t l e to the home s
Par t i c ipant s in the program contr ibute the ir labor and l�nd .
Paymen t s
are b a s ed o n the ab i l i ty of t h e people t o pay , and 1 5 t o 20 ye ar s i s requ i red
to r e t ir e the d eb t .
Tenan t s also take c are o f maintenance and u t i l i t ie s .
Hoonah i s a town of abou t 700 people wi th a f i shing e conomy .
Average
c o s t of the home s i s e s t ima t ed a t $ 1 2 , 16 5 .
(From Ind ian Re cord , 1ashing ton , D . C . , November 1967)
• • • •
D ID YOU Kl'JOW THAT
the diamond in the engagement r ing which Mar ine Capt . Char l e s Robb pre se n t e d
to Lynda Bird Johns on was cut and po l i shed by Ind ian s at the Harry Win s t on , Inc .
p l ant a t Chand l er , Ar i zona ?
�COI.DNEL JOHN ALLAN
by John Fran ci s Spragu e
( Conti nued
froLl October i s sue
)
There i s plenty of e videnc e that Gene ral Washingto n pl c ed ilnpl i c it con
fidenc e in hi s condu c t and suJ)6 rvi sion of th e Ind i an affairs on th e e a d E:: rn
fronti er .
It i s also apparent that when Colonel Allan unit ed his fortunes
with the p eople of Pas sanaquoddy and Mach i as they were in di r e d i stres s and
�
expo sed to d anger from thr eat ened invasion of their settl ement s by th e Engl i sh
froE1 Nova Scot ia • • • •
Th e Governor of Nova Scot i a • • • decide d to pro ceed "Wi th a.rued ves sels to
Machias for th e purpo se of c apturing it .
He appli ed to Sir George Collier,
who wa s at Halifax with a fleet of s eve ral war ve s s el s , for aid, who put to
sea wi th four armed frigate s and arrived in ifa ch ias Bay August 13 , 1777.
Machi a s
wa s however ably d e fended by the fo rce s under c or.:una nd of Colonel Fo ster and
this att er:i.pt pro ved a failu r e .
In thi s b attl e the Indi ans were loyal and r en
d ered vali ant s ervi c e to the Arueri can s • • • •
One of the g r e at e st trouble s that h e encount ered in keeping the Indi ans
pea c e able and loyal was the persi sten c e of iih holders and oth ers to rell then
intoxi c at ing liquo r s .
White me n v.ould al so cheat them in trade , s t e al their
fur s and c onn it oth er d epredation s , all of whi ch t ended to d isturb and oake
mor e d i fficult the wor k in wh i ch he wa s e ngaged • • • •
Th e Counci l at Bo ston made every effort to co n ciliate the Indians .
A
l etter to "Aw.bra i s e and oth er Indi ans unde r Col . Allan" dated Septer.tber 1 5 , 1777
add re s s e s theo as " Frien ds and Brethren " and thank s them profus ely for th eir
" Valor and goo d Cond u c t ' in oppo si ng the Enemy in the attack they lately !!lade
on the s et tls�1ent s at Mach ia s . 1 1
F ebruary 25 , 1778 ·in a Counc il report appears the following :
1 A Co
1
rar.U tt ee of Bo th Hous e s upon th e Petition of the Con 'tte
of Ma chi as and several Le tters from Col ' o John Allan, have consid
ered the
same ;
and appreh end that th e retai ning and s ecuring the
Seve ral Trib e s of Eastern Indians in th e Fri end ship and Servi c e
of t h e United Stat e s i s a natte� o f the utmo st importance t o th e
s afety and Defenc e of so Valuabl e a part of thi s State as the
Eastern Country,
and to th is end your Commi t te e apprehend that
it is a b so lut ely N e c e ss ary that th e Truck hou s e at -iachias should
be �upplyed wi t h Cloth , Corn, RUTI & every Kind of sto re s Nec e s sary
for suc h a Department as the b e s t means to s e cu re th e several
Tri b e s of Indi an s from taking part wi th the En emy • • • • 11
In h i s le tters an d cor;.lmuni ca t ions to th e Indi ans he inva riably addre s s ed t h em
a s brothe r s an d h i s communi cati ons breath ed a spirit o f a ff e cti on and sympathy .
·
In a c on1Lluni cation to t h e Counci l Octob er 8, 1778, he r eport s that having
b e e n so urgently solicit ed by the Penobsco t tribe to visit them th at he had
a c c ed ed to th ei r r equ e st and d e scribes the meeting as follows :
"On the 7th Ult ' o 4 Cano s & Eight Men arrived , with a Mes sage
�
from th e Chie fs , Sach ems & Young Men,
requesting my imme diate atten
dan c e , Accordingly on th e 11th I - s et off thro f the Lakes
&
in five
days r e ached Peno bs cutt Old Town, whe r e the general p art of th e
Tri b e was then a s sembled .
I imr:Jedi ately As sembled the�,
ued with
&
&
h eld a Conf erence, wh i ch co ntin
short Intermi s s io n 4 days, - their Complaint s were Gre at,
Many produ c ed Seve ral Instanc e s wherein th ey were Treated very
ill .
I will Just Ment i on what th ey s aid in the first Spe e ch Aft er
my Arrival . "
( Continued
on Page
15 )
�(1 5 )
(
14 )
vontinued fro1:i Page
SPEE CH O F SAGAi'-iORE ORONO , TO COLONEL ALL/ '
0T·':'lno was one of the no st not ed and renewed Sagamor e s or Chiefs of the Pen
o bs cot Tri b e of Ind i an s and from whon the town of Oro no in Pen obs co t. Coun : .J )
i .�aine , d erives its nane .
)
Bro th er We have me t Together 2nd with one Heart & Voi c e S alut e
you and Wel cone you to our Village - Very Glad & rejo iced to se e
you in healt h , hoping t h a t God will Pre serve it, - what I sp eak
to you now i s the Vo i c e of all the Indi an s of Penobscutt, In Token
of wh i ch I Del iver you th ese Two strings of WampurJ. .
Broth e r We are Glad & Thank you fo r wh at you said to us Yesterday.
Cur Cooplai nt s are Gre at & a long Time we wanted to nake it Known
to sooe pe r so n .
Brot h er By Repe at ed Prooi se s froB our Broth er s o f t he Mas sachu s ett s
we h ad a ri ght to have a Tru ck House on th is River, where we Coud go
·
to get v.hat we Want ed, But we find to th e Contrary .
No more i s
ever s ent fo r us, but wh at Two or Three Common Hunt er s Can . t ake up,
&
that of t he no st inferior Sort .
If any Larger Quantity i s s ent
it nust be Di spo sed to Oth e rs than Indi ans .
.
Brot her Having no goverl14l.ent s Truck House you may Ea sily Conce ive
us,
the
· s erable Situ ati o n of Ind ian s .
You Know we are not like the
Whit e pe ople to Manage our Affairs, pe rt icularly wh en Lio_uor is i n
our w ay , - wh en w e Care not for th e Ho st Valuable Part of our
Int ere st , if we Can Git Run, By Which if we Po s s e s s ever so great a Property, by our own Conduc t we b ecooe l fi s erable .
Broth er We wa s in Hope s wh e n we Acknowle dged, ourselves At:1eri can s ,
Owned the n as Bro th er s ,
that th e Whit e Peo ple on thi s River �uld
have Taken some No ti c e of u s ,
&
not .Adoitted any pe rso n whatever
to Take Advantage of our Unhappy Di spo sition.
But to our Great
Mi s fortune we find great Numb ers of them who Trys all they Can to
-
hurt us ,
will not only Cheat us but will Steal from us .
This
M o s e Skins, b e sid e s a
Tribe has Taken la st Wint er above
great Ctuant ity of b e av r & other Furrs , - it is gone froo u s , &
we
2 5 00
h av e not a Suff i ci en cy that will s ecure our fam.ilys till Winte r .
You ra ay s ee Sir \..h at we have, - whi ch we Call upon Go d a s Witne s s
Our 1 e n & Women are made
fron us will Ki ck us out of Doors .
i s Trut h .
Drunk &
after they take all
Broth e r The Engli sh he re are o f many �1ind s , and we have been
Continually To s sed to & fro , wi th different News .
Many Torys
are amo ng us , who are often Teling us about the Goodne s s of th e
King of Engl and .
A great many who Tell s us things on Both Side s
to git MOney, -
&
we s e e t hem wi lling to
Act any way so they g ete
We Indians are ve ry unhappy, &
must Acknowledge by the Behavour of the White people we Disagree
among ours elves & often Time s Know not which side to Take , - but
all th i s Time we are Miserable ourselve s .
Brother The Whit e People o n this River , have Come & Settled
lfioney, - & some are Amar i can s .
We have Warned thera
Down upon the Land s wh i ch was grant ed us .
of, But they say they Di spi se. us, and Treat us wi th Language only
fit for Dogs .
Thi s Tre atment we did not Expect from Ameri c an s, Perticularly when th e General Court of thi s Stat e Granted the Land
to us themselves .
We Exp ect they will Keep goo d & Support their
Promi s e .
Brother You say yon h ave n o Aut.hority .from t he Great Congre s s
Cont inue d o n P ag e
(
16 )
�( 16 )
( Con t inued from Page 15)
re spe c � ing us , - only a Mi l i t ary Command from th� Ge n�� � l Cour t
at B o s ton .
But being g lad to See you & S a t i s fy ' d with wha t has
b e en done wi th our Bro ther s the Mar i s hee t e Tribe , we D e s ire &
Exp ect you wi l l be our friend , & t e l l a l l the s e thing s we men t :Lon
to that Au thor ity that wi l l hear our D e s tre s s & Gran t u s r e l eaf .
Otherw i s e we mus t do as we l l as we Can , - and Trust to that Grea t
G o d who ha s hi ther to pre s erved us & pray t h a t h i s Good Council
may be g iven , - tha t we may b e Dire c ted to Procure S a t i s fac t ion for
the abus e given our In j ured Fami ly s .
B ro t he r we Mind wha t you s ay. . abou t our b e ing Expid i t iou s , we
wi l l de lay No Time , - Bu t as we mus t have many Counc i l s among our
s e lve s , & Wan t ing to have Much Ta lk wi th you , .. We Expect you wi l l
n o t think o f r e turning thi s five Days .
B ro ther God B l e s s you , - farewe l l t i l l we see you again .
(Cont inue d nex t month)
ED HINCKLEY 1 S JOB :
HELP INDIANS TO BE THEMSELVES
by Mary Plumer
AUGUS TA - Af ter f ar too many year s , i t ' s beg inning to look as if Maine ' s
Ind i an s might b e ab le t o act l ike chi e f s - a t leas t wher e the ir own trib e s
are concerned .
Thi s is coming about s lowly through the De par tment of Ind ian Affairs and
Commi s s ioner Edward C. Hinckley , who ' s a firm b e l iever in l e t t ing the Ind ian
be an Indian and no t try ing to make him s omeone e l s e .
F or 300 year s , Hinck l ey s ays , the Ind ian ha s been under pre s sure to go
or do s ome t hing he doesn ' t wan t to do .
" I t hasn ' t worked .
I t ' s no t a
humane po l icy and i t ' s no t what we wou l d wan t . "
He think s i t ' s been kind o f a " subccnscious fee l ingi' tha t , mayb e , if
l i t t l e wer e done on the re s erva t ion s , if they weren ' t made too at trac t iv� then maybe the Indians wou ld go somewher e e l se .
They were g iven this land ,
Hinckley acknow ledge s , and guaran teed that this wou ld be the ir home forever .
"Why the he l l s hou ldn ' t they have f lu s h to i le t s 1 "
He looks t o the day that a r e s ervat ion may operate s imi lar ly t o a town
governmen t s truc ture (bu t not as a town ) wi th a s a lar ied tribal leader as a
s or t o f " town manager type " and a trib a l c lerk to per form s e cr e t ar i a l du t i e s ,
keep r e cord s of coun c i l mee t ings , vital s t a t i s t ic s and to be an a l l -round
Inc! ian Fr iday .
Each t r ib e e le c t s a tr iba l governor and counc i l .
The governor was
paid $ 100 a year un t i l the 1 02nd Leg i s lature , in special se s s ion , hiked i t
to $300 .
" Thi s doe sn ' t even cover the phone b i l l , " s ay s Hinckley , " i f they ' re
do ing t he ir j ob s . "
The governor , therefore , mus t work ful l - t ime to make a
l iving .
" I ' d l ike to s e e the governor funde d for two year s l ike a town
ma nage _r , to enab l e him to devo te his t ime fu l ly to managing trib a l affair s . 1 1
In the mean t ime , �inckley pound s away to lay the ground-work for the
day t he Ind ian s w i l l and can s a l ly forth to manage the ir mm affair s .
And in t h i s s hor t two-year per iod , Hinck ley has l a id a l o t of ground
wor1� .
At the b ir th of his depar tment , Hinckley , in ini t i a l vi s i t s t o the
Penob s c o t and Pas s amaquodd y, Re s erva t ion s , found the tribe s ' greate�t
concer n l ay in three are as
1 . Youth oppor tun i t ie s (part icular ly in edu ca t ion and recreat ion ) ;
2 . S an i ta t ion ( in terms o f ade qua te water and sewage s y s t ems ) ;
3 . Hous ing
The se have b een , to date , the maj or ar eas of a t ten t ion .
( Con t inued on Page 18)
·
:Y
"
·
\
�(17 )
_968 POLITICAL PLATFORMS BEING PREPAR"SD
Colby College Pre sident Robert E . L . Strider, Chainuan of the 1968
Deu0 cratic Platfonn Comr.rlttee, has appo inted ll sub cotll:littee chai:n:::ie n and
anno unced t hat th e co:r;nni tt ee will hold it s first meeting in Augusta on De c emher
4th .
The suhc.ocrni ttees include one for each maj r section o f the platform,
in the areas of Education, Natural Resources, State and Lo cal Government,
Equal Right s and Adn:ini stratinn 0f Justic e , Econorri c Development, Marine
Resour c e s , He alth and Welfare, Indian Affair s , Labor, Finan ce s , and National
Affair s .
Mr . Clyde Bartlett , Assi st ant Superint endent of the Portland S chool sys
t em, fo rmer State Directo r of the Offi ce of Economic Opportunity, was nam ed
chairllan of the Indian Affair s subcommit tee .
Eight subcorJI:li ttee s t h elp formulate the 1968 Maine Republican Platform
were appoint ed N vanber loth by Senator Kenneth P. MacLeod, R-Brewer, th e
Platf rr Commi ttee ch airnan .
Sub conmitte e s were named in the ar eas of National Affairs , Mental Health
& Correct ions and Health & Welfare, Edu cati on, Labor & Indu stry and Agriculture ,
Stat e Government , Natural Re sour c es and Sea & · Shore Fi sh eries, Ee nor.li e Develop
nent and Transp rtation, and Drafting and Style .
The Republ i c an Platf rm Connittee plans a series of publi c hearings
early in 1968; the Demo crati c Platform CoIDP-tltt ee announc ed plans for a widely
�irculated, d et ailed que sti onpi re .
·
GOVERNEE NT REORGANIZATION TASK FORCE HEARS TESTIMONY
On Decemb er 1st, several stat e departoent head s testifi ed in a day-long
The
meeting held by Gov. Curti s ' Task For c e n Government Reorganization.
The se c0nd is s cheduled for Dec ember Sth, with
heari r.g was the fi rst of two .
more dep ar tment heads t b e he ard in th e morning and a period for public t e s
tim ny in the aft ernoo n .
The Indian Affairs ComrJ.iss ioner, Edward C . Hinckley, t nld the Task F rce
t hat for ne arly 20 years th e system f dealing with the Ind ian s h as . changed yery
little .
Whit e men are appoint ed by the state as Ir.di an agents - operating
s r::te what as town managers d in the towns .
A so rt of parallel, h e said , \\Ould be the appointment by the Governor
of a town manager for a fai ne t:unicipality - provi ded that the appointee was
from a forei gn count ry and was unfamiliar with th e town rs language or culture .
Hinck l ey s aid the r e servations should b e pres erved but th e Indi ans sh ould
have a stronger voi ce in th eir own affair s and the appointment of the agents
with W"i orn they must de al.
"Maine operates on th e th eory th at the Indi an s are going to disappear , 11
he s aid .
It hasn ' t h appened in ,3 00 years and
1 1 It i sn rt going to happen.
it 1 s time to try s onething el se . 11
( Fron
an Asso ci ated Pre ss rele ase,
12/1/67 )
PlNE RifXi.E HOUSING ·UNATTRACTIVE
The Ind i an congregate housing d evelopment at Pine Ridge (Sioux Reservation )
Sout h Dakot a has n0t been at all su c cessful in attracting t enants, although
some of it s probl �s seem to be spec:i fi cally relat ed t<"' the culture and h abit s
All the units for the elderly at Pine
of the Indi an population it serve s .
Ridge are congregat&-type .
Generally, Indi an s have b een slow to ac c ept apartment-type housing and
tend t pre fer si ngle-�arily units with +arge lots suitable for extensive
Occupancy figures fo r the Pine Ridge elderly housing pro je c.t
gardening.
( Continue d on Page 18 )
�(18)
(Con t inued from Page 1 7 )
C .11c ... na = e , r i s ing in the winter when the e l der ly are more .s e:tious ly i n ue ecl
-� e qua te food and she l ter , and dropping in the summer when many of the
. ndians pre fer to r e turn to the ir own she l ter fac i l i t i e s which tho, gh
'
ina d e quate , a l low them to have a yard and a garden .
.
.
Be cause of the low intere s t expr e s sed by the e lder ly Ind ian s , the con
gregate pr o j e c t at Pine Ridge has accepted V I S TA worker s and others as tenan t s .
(From the Journa l of Hous ing , Oc tober 1 9 6 7 )
�':
E D HINCKLEY ' S JOB
( Cont inued from Page 1 6 )
• • • •
The Tr ib e s app l ied for and r e c e ived V I S TA worker s from the Off ice o f
Economi c 0ppor tun i t y .
The S tate Board o f Educa t ion i n 1 96 6 , made prov i s ion s
f o r one ful l Ind ian s cho l ar ship each year at each of the f ive s tate col lege s ,
four voca t iona l - t echnical ins t i tu t e s and thr e e s cho o l s of prac t i ca l nur s ing .
F ive Ind ian tui t ion s cho lar ship s , avai lab l e at the Univers i ty of Maine
s ince 1 9 3 7 , ar e a l l b e ing u t i l ized for the f ir s t time this year .
Add i t iona l ly , in the l ine of youth oppor tuni t i e s , the summer vo lun teer
pro gr ams conducted on a l l three re s erva t ions dur ing the pas t summe r , under
the general superv i s ion of a commi t tee of Ind ian s and o ther s appo in ted by
the Roman Catho l ic Dioce s e of Por t l and , pr ovided a varie ty of you th ac t i�i t i e s
suppl emented b y the V I S TA worker s .
In the ar eas of hou s ing (and the nece s s ary pr erequi s i t e s of adequate
water and s ewage fac i l i t ie s ) , app l ic a t ion s have been submi t ted to four federal
agenc ie s for mat ching funds for s an i tat ion fac i l i t ie s .
The l03rd Leg i s la ture gran ted each r e s erva t ion t r ibal governor and
coun c i l the power . to e s tab l i s h local hous ing au t hor i t i e s , which wi l l apply
The l eg i s la ture i s b e ing
for fe der a l ly-a s s i s ted low co s t hou s ing programs �
a sked to provide t he r e qu ired nonfedera l fund s for the s e programs .
Hinck l ey , who has l ived and worked w i th and for the Ind i ans in Utah ,
Ar i zona and Nevada s ince he rece ived a mas t er ' s of education degre e from
Harvard Unive r s i ty in 1 9 5 9 , happi ly acknow l edge s that in the las t two year s ,
some " pre t ty imper ::an t f ir s t s t e p s " have been taken for the Maine Ind ia ns .
Futur e p lan s include cont inuing programs aimed at the three prob lem
areas iden t i f ied by the tribal le ader s ; a s trong d e t erminat ion to imp�ove
emp l oymen t oppor tun i t i e s on the re s erva tion s ; and , in the area of adu l t educa
t ion and train ing , to improve work pat terns in j ob s in the surround ing areas .
A l l que s t ion s about the future of the tribe s , or the ir land s and com
mun i t ie s , s ays Hinck l ey , can only be answered by saying - " I t ' s up to the
Ind ian s thems e lve s . "
He fee l s that the re serva t ions of the Penob s co t and
Pas s amaqu oddy Ind i an trib e s w i l l mos t cer t ainly exi s t 50 year s from now - " i f
the Ind ian s wan t them to . "
The 3 2 -year-o ld Read f i e l d r e s ident s ay s hi s per sona l experience has been
tha t " the pre s ervat ion of a piece of home land , ca l l ed a r e s erva tion , is the
s ing l e mo s t impor t an t thing to every Ind ian in the coun try , whe ther or not
he l ive s on or near i t . "
I t mus t be remembered , he cau t ion s , that an Indian ' s fee l ing toward s
l and is a p sycho logi ca l and r e l ig ious one - par t ia l ly expres sed by ' the phra s e ,
"Mo ther Ear th . "
(From the Por t land �unday Te l egram , 10/ 2 9/ 6 7 )
·
D ID ' you KNOW THAT
for ty Ind i an chi l dren on the Penob s co t Re serva t ion from the second grade
through high s choo l ar e b e ing tutor e d in a l l sub j e c t s by members of the
The SAC proj e c t wa s s tarted
Univer s ity of Ma ine ' s S tudent Ac t ion Corps ?
l a s t year , w i th the he l p o f the Penob s c o t Reserva tion VISTA worker s .
�( 21 )
NAVAJO SCHOOL SENDS THREE BOOK S TO PRINTERS
ROUGH ROCK , AR IZ . - Three boo k s for Navaj o school children prepared by
Rough Ro ck Demons tration Schoo l ' s curriculun cent er , have Deen sent +...o th e
print er and thr ee mor e are ready for printi ng .
Anothe r book is b ei ng r eviewed
by th e Tribal Edu c ation Committee .
Medic"ine men an d old er Navaj os have furni shed mo st of the info rma tio n
for th e s e so c i al s tu di e s and r eading t ext s , which deal with various aspe cts
o f Navajo life, culture and hi story .
The so ci al studi e s t ext s are d e signed to give Navajo chil dren info rmatio n
o n t h e ba ckground of their pe ople , while th e r eading materials u s e Navajo
�hildren and event s in the i r live s ins tead of the 11Di ck and Jane " variety
o f suburban children found in r1ost reading textbooks • • • •
Ten s choo l s pi cked by th e Tribal Edu cat io n Comr;:littee will use the book s .
Ai'ter a year the te ache rs will evaluate them and r e commend ways o f impro ving
then • • • • Several not ed hi st0ri ans and anthropolo gi st s • • • have collaborat ed. on
the books and a ft er the Edu c ation Cowr.tlttee fi nis he s it s che ck , s e veral tribal
leade r s will look them ever .
The th ree 9ook s be ing print ed include two soci al studi e s text s (biographi e s
of 14 prominent Navajo s an d Rough Rock history) and an illu strated book o f
lege nd s for young er c hildr en ( C'ioyote serie s ) .
The o th er conpleted book s are Black Mountain Boy, and Denetso sie, both
reade r s , and another boo k of legends (Grandfather storie s ) .
( From th e Navajo Tii ne s , ll/23/67 )
HIGI ABOVE
' GANSETT ' S WATERS
by Samuel B . Girgus
Ind i ans who travel, live and wo rk together are c amping on the towers
and c atwalks of the Newport Bridg e , 400 feet agove the waters of Narragansett
Bay (Rhode Island ) .
i.•figrant s with money who se fo refathe rs hunt ed game in
an unsµ.iled Ameri ca, the se Ind i an ironworkers now f f'l1ow construction and
bridge jo b s acro ss th e nation.
In Newport they work by d ay wi th th ei r own kind, rai sing and bolting
the s t e el that wi ll comple te the 2 . 2-mile suspension bridge linking Newport
with Jame stown.
At night th ey al so remain togeth er in a few local bar s , where
the sounds of loud nusi c and peopl e dan ci ng on wo oden floor s are broken by
·
an o c c asi o nal war cry .
While a few are Si ux and Cherokee, mo st of the Indians are Mohawks from
Many of them now have French
the Caughnawaga Res ervation near Montr eal.
surn ame s added to their older trib al nam e s .
Oth ers ar e Irish.
And a f ew
believe they are Jewish - perhaps the sons of an enterprising fur trader who
narried a Mohawk, thereby enabling the woman ' s family to adopt the name of Jacobs .
Jil st of the Indians share crowded apartment s in downtown Newport with
...o
other Indian bridgeworke r s .
Several stay at the Seamen 1 s �Institut e on Market
Square or at the YMCA on Mary Street .
" Bo omers 11 who wo rk in to wn s they hav e never seen before, the Ind ians
a�e eve n mor e i so lated from mo st of the ci tie s in whi ch they "WO rk than th e
usually root le s s whit e ironwork er.
a
nati on with i n a nati on .
The Indians believe that th ey are s ti ll
"People a sk us why we do n l t · parti ci pat e too muc h in th e c ivi l ri ght s
movement , 1 1 s aid Jame s Montour, 43 , a ha nd sorae dark-fac ed man of medium build .
nee we do we tre through as a nation. 11
"We c an ' t p art i ci p at e b ec ause
Mr. Montour, wh o is c alled " Chie f " by his fellow bridge\\O rke r s be c ause
of hi s maturity and experi enc e ; bri stled only onc e - when he was c alled a Can
"We are North Ameri c an s .
We have
"We are no t Canadi ans , 1 1 he s aid.
adian.
( Co nt i nue d on Page 22)
�(22)
( Cont inued from Page 2 1 )
border s • 1 1
Abou t 30 Ind ians work as ironworker s for the r e �hlehen S te e l
.:0 . � ·
which i s bui lding the supers truc ture f o r the 4 7 . 5 -mi l l ion-do l l ar bridg e .
They gen era l ly work a t the mo s t dangerous he igh t s , r a i s ing heavy s te e l beams
and bo l t ing the beams into p lace
B ob 1 1 High Pocke t s " Ma t son , a l anky ex-rodeo r ider and auc t ioneer from
�yoming , s ays he is the only whi te bridgeworker on ( tower ) lW .
Mr . Ma tson
He a l s o says
says the Ind ians have a na tura l talent for working at he ight s .
he en j oy s working with them becau s e they are compe t i t ive and take pr ide in
their work .
1\10 Mohawks , Frank Daibo and Johnny De lormier , a l s o s ay the ir
work coD'.e s n a tur a l ly .
"We ' r e sure - footed , " f-1r . D i abo s ays .
11We ' 11 go anywhere
as l ong as i t ' s up high and we ' r e conne c t ing iron . "
The Ind i an s ge t good pay for the ir dangerous wor k .
A ski l l ed ironworker
make s ab ou t $ 5 . 40 an hour , depending on the locat ion of the j ob .
Bu t they
Kenny Jacob s , ,
a l so in s i s t tha t more is invo lve d in br idge work than goo<l p ay .
a de ep-vo i c e d Ind ian , put i t th i s way 1 ; "F i f ty year s from no:1 I can come back
to t h i s br idge and s ay , ' You s e e tha t p lace ?
Tha t ' s wher e I drove the rive t s . ' 1 1
He added : 1 1You c an see tha t a l l the t ime when you ' re moving wi th guys to o ther
j ob s and they show you a bui l d ing or br idge where they worked once .
Guys s ay
tha t a l l the t ime . 1 1
The Mohawks intere s t in b r idgebui lding began in 1 88 6 , when the Canadian
Pac i f i c Rai lroad cut through the tribe ' s r e s erva t ion to bui ld a br idge over
the S t . Lawr ence River .
O ther comp an i e s and the government later bui l t new
r ai lroads and highways to Mon tr e a l , taking more l and from the r e s erva t ion .
" They wen t through the s e away and po l luted our water and ruined our f i s h
ing , " Mr . Mon tour s a id .
" They cut do"m our tre e s and we had no more fore s t s
left . "
And they
Bu t many o f the Mohawks began working for the rai lroad .
s t ayed w i t h i t , encourag ing their sons t o d o the s ame kind o f work .
" I began when I was 1 3 , " said Frank Diab o , "when my fa ther to ld me I could
go anywhere up high a s long as I didn ' t take chance s . "
(From the Providence (R . I . ) Evening B u l le t in , 1 1 / 24 / 6 7 )
r. 0
•
·
•
•
,
• • •
•
•
•
MISCELLANEOUS NEW S
- The o lde s t cont inuous ly-oper a t e d Indian board ing s choo l i s i n Chemawa ,
Ore go n , 6 mi l e s nor t h of S a le m , Ore .
- Nr s . E s s e lyn Perkins o f Ogunqui t was gue s t speaker r e cent ly at the O ld
York Chapt er , D . A . R .
She s poke on " The Ind ian s and Ind ian Lor e of the S tate
o f Ma ine . 1 1
- E a s tpor t Coun c i l No 6 73 , Knigh t s of Co lumbus , r ecent ly honored the
Pic tured
S i s ters of Mercy upon the ir 1 0 2nd ann ive r s ary in the s ta te o f Maine .
at the fe s t iv i t i e s (Ban_&QF Dai ly News , 1 2 / 6 / 6 7 ) were S i s ter Nary Sophia , S i s. ter
A l so pic tured
Mary B e a t r ic e , S i s t er E l i z ab e th Mary and S i s te r Mary Car i ta s .
and pre s en t were Jos eph Nicho la s , grand kn igh t , and Pl easant Point Chap lain
Bernard N i cknair .
- S teve Gachup.in , 2 5 , a runner for the Jeme z Ind ian Pueb lo of New Mexico ,
c l ocked a r e cord 3 : 50 : 05 in winn ing h i s s econd s traight 2 6 . 8-mi le Pikes Peak
Mara thon , whi l e h i s bro ther , Matthew , 1 6 , took the j unior t i t le with a t ime
( Spor t s I l lus trated , 10/ 2 / 6 7 )
o f 2 : 4 1 : 35 for ano ther �e e t mark .
- The Ind ian C la ims Commi s s ion gran ted a n award o f $ 3 , 5 00 , 000 t o the Con
feder a t e d Tr ib e s o f the Co lv i l le R e s erva t ion (Wa shing ton ) - a compromi s e s e t t le
,men t on abou t 2 , 4 1 6 , 600 acr e s o f Re serva t ion lands t aken around 1872 and 1906 .
�( 23)
PENOB S CO T D OY DOING WELL A T W E S T POINT
The G u i dan c e De par tmen t of the Old Town High S cho o l r e por t s tha t .Pau l
a s e cond--year s tudent at t h e U . S . Mi l i t ary Academy at We s t Po in t ,
f in i sh e d h i s fre s hman year in the top t\·10 - t hird s of h i s c l a s s .
Son of Mr s .
Eva B i su l ca , o f the Penob s co t Tr ibe , Pau l ' s freshman cour s e s in c luded Eng i n e er
� �
B s lc a ,
ing Fundamen ta l s , Eng l i sh , Environment , Span i s h , Mathema t i c s , Mi l i t ary S c i e nce
and Phy s i c a l Educa t ion .
In two o f h i s sub j e c t s , he achieve d in the top 1 0%
of h i s 834-man c l a s s at the Academy .
I ND IAN Tm!NSHI P HOUSU:G AUTHOR I TY APPOINTED ;
ALL THREE AUTHOR I TI E S HEE T ;
GOVERNOR CUR TI S PLA �S ADD I TIOIJAL RE SERVATION C ONS '.IRUC TION PROJEC TS
The Ind i an Town s h i p Tr ib a l Governor and Coun c i l on Novemb e r 1 2 th appo i n t e d
a 5 -man Hou s ing Au thor i ty , t o comp l e t e t h e forma t ion of t h e 3 Tr iba l Hou s ing
Au tlior J t i e s in Naine , as au thor i z e d by the 1 0 3rd Le g i s l a tur e .
Named to po s t s on the Tovm s h i p ' s Au tho r i ty were Rev . C o l eman O ' To o l e ,
D e l i a Mi tche l l , Mrs . Pau l in e S teve ns , Mr . Geor g e S t even s , Jr . , and Mr .
Alber t D an a .
A t t h e group ' s f ir s t me e t ing on Dec ember 6 th , Y . S t eve n s wa s
.ir
e l ec ted cha irman ; F a t her O ' To o l e vice cha irman ; Mr s . S t even s s e cre tary and Y s .
ir
Mi t che l l tre a surer .
Y s.
.ir
On D e c ember 1 1 t h , 1 2 t h and 1 3 t h , o f f i c i a l s of the Depar tme n t of Ind ian
A f f a i r s and o the r s t a te and federal agen c i e s me t w i t h r e pr e s en t a t ive s of t he
3 Hou s ing Au thor i t i e s to d i s cu s s con t inuing app l i ca t ions for federal fund s . The s e
will
he l p con s tr u c t the nec e s s ar y wa t er an d s ewag e sys tems whi ch mu s t
accompany p lanned ho s ing programs on t h e R e s e rvat ions .
The De cember 1 1 t h me e t ing in Orono involved Peno b s c o t Hou s ing Au t hor i ty
Chairman Ma t thew Sappier , Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley and Hous ing O f f i cer
and repre s e n t a t ive s o f the
Tony Ka l i s s of the D e par tment o f Ind ian Affair s ,
Farme r s Home Admin i s trat ion and the Old Town W a t er D i s t r i c t .
On · D e cember 1 2 t h ,
Chairman Eugene Franc i s ;
a me e t ing at
P l e a s an t Po in t invo lved Hou s ing Au thor i ty
Rou s ing Commi s s ion e r s Dav i d F ran c i s , Andrew D ana and
Bernard N i ckna ir ; 4 o f f i c i a l s of
the E c onomic D eve lopmen t Admin i s t r a t ion
c lud ing New York - New Eng land Ar ea Dir e c tor Ar thur T.
of
an eng ine er
the F a rmer s Home Admini s tr a t ion ;
Commi s s ion ; _ and
the D . I . A .
Doy le ) ;
from the
( in
2 repre s en t a t ive s
S ta te Wa ter Improvemen t
P l e a s an t Po i n t Governor Jo s e p h
r e pre s en t a t ive s .
Mi tche l l ,
member
Pa s s amaquo ddy Le gi s l a t ive Repre s e n t a t ive George F ranc i s , and Counc i l Jeane t te Moore a l s o a t tended .
.
The D e c ember 1 3 t h me e t ing a t Pe t er Dana Po int brought toge ther the fu l l
member s h i p o f the Ind i an Town ship Pa s s amaquoddy Hou s ing Au thor i ty , F . H . A . ,
E . D .A .
and D . I . A .
r e pr e s e n t a t ive s ;
Commun i ty A c t ion Program D i r e c t or Ar chie
La Coot e and As s i s tan t D ir e c tor Tom W i s eman ; Governor John S t even s , Coun ci lmemb er
(and C . A . P . Aide ) Morr i s Brooks , C . A . P . bookke e p er and r e ce p t ion i s t Margare t
Smi t h ;
Coun c i lmemb er George S t even s ,
Sr . ,
E a r l y r e por t s o f Governor Kenne th M.
to be pre s e n t e d to
and o t her t r ib a l memb e r s .
Curt i s '
the January s p e c i a l se s s ion of
t en t a t ive l i s t of me asu re s
the
1 03rd Legi s lature men t i o n
3 b o n d i s sue s - o n e o f wh i ch i s repor t e d to ca l l f o r add i t ional con s tru c t ion
proj e c t s on t he Ind i an Res erva t i o n s o f Mai ne .
At an addre s s at the Univer. s i ty of Maine r e c en t ly , Gov . Cur t i s wa s quo t e d
as s aying abou t Ma in e Ind i an s : Th e s ta t e i s try ing to he lp t hem in every way
it c an , par t icular ly in the f i e ld of s ewage f ac i l i t i e s and hous ing .
DID YOU KNOW THA T
Mar ie Akin ,
a memb er of
the
Penob s co t Tr ibe , dre s s e d up as
t he Ind ian s a in t ,
for a cos tume par ty r e cent ly h e ld b y F r e s hmen and Sopho
Mi s s Akins '
more s a t S t . Jo s e ph ' s Academy , as par t o f the ir annual ne t re a t .
11/11/67)
Indian cos tume was made by her mo ther , Hr s . Mi ldred Akin .
ca ther ine
Tekaw i tha ,
(�,
�( 2L� )
A
( Tl-ie
QUE S TION
ON IND IANS
f o l 1 01·1ing l e t ter app e ared in the Brunswick Time s -Re cord o f Hovemb er 14th .
I t r e fer s
to an ar t i c l e by Pe t er Cox , which appear e
b er
and . wa s r e pr i n t e d on Pag e s
2nd ,
1 7 -18
of
the
·
in Time s -P.ecor. d of Novem
rTovemb ,er ilews l e t ter .
- Ed . )
To the e d i tor ,
I r e ad w i t h gre a t i n t e re s t
Ind i an s ? : '
t o t he s or r y p l ight of
though ;
the c o lumn by Pe t er Cox ,
H.
I a l s o have r e ad H i l l i am
the Ha ine
f or Ma ine ' s
Tile r e i s a que s t i on in my mind ,
Ind i ans .
ar e you r e a l l y concerned a� ou t
" How Long
W i l l iams on 1 s ar t i c l e s per t a in ing
the Maine Indian s or are
you c on ce rn e d
w i t h A t torney Don G e l l er s ?
Having l ived �n W a s h ing ton Cour1ty un t i l Augu s t 2 6 o f
b e ing a c t ive in coun ty a c t iv i t ie s ,
in thi s i s s ue
than i s gener a l ly known .
You have s ai d ,
" t he y ar e kept wi t hou t e f f e c t ive po l i t i c a l vo i c e . 1 1
P l e a s a n t Po in t Ind i an s ,
as
thi s y e ar ,
I think you ' l l f ind ther e
I know for a fa c t
Demo c r a t i c Commi t t e e and that Franc i s
con cern ing the Ind ian s ,
Tha t is no t true of the
that they have a Ue s erva tion.
Sap i e l i s
of
t ho s e memb e r s
(I can g ive you
the ir name s )
Ar e you
sure
Coun ty ,
: i s t e am
and
that Don Ge l l er s
r o l ler
and a l l
five
have j u s t as mu ch r ight to vo i c e
Commi t te e me e t ing a s any o ther member ,
they wou l d t ake t h e troub l e t o a t tend
You mu s t remember that Mr .
He i s
the cha irman of i t .
a l s o o n e o f f ive memb e r s o f t h e Demo cr a t i c Coun ty Commi t t e e ,
an o p in i o n a t a Demo cr a t i c Coun ty
and
is more c oncerned
if
the me e t ings .
is �rnr ldng
for
the Ind i an s ,
or
for hims e l f ?
Ge l l er s i s a compar a t ive newcomer t o Washing ton
t a c t i c s i : ar e no t the way t o win f r i ends and in f luence
peop le .
I am no t s pe aking of
Ind i an s n ow ,
or of any n a t iv e s of Washington Coun ty ,
b u t there i s an adage - "You are j udged by the company you ke e p " - and having
s e e n and me t
I wonder
if
some o f
You have
he has
s a i d that
the S t a t e
que s t ion
the
Gov .
him r i gh t ,
the f r iends who have f o l lowed Mr.
Ge l ler s
t o Eas tpor t ,
you wou l d f e e l r igh t ne ighbor ly toward them .
Po l i c e ,
" to make h i s
(Gov .
the a c cu s e d ,
under t ake the inve s t ig a t ion . "
in t egr i ty of Gov .
Cur t i s ' )
g e s ture to t a l ly ho l l ow ,
Do you
Cur t i s and our S ta t e Po l i c e ?
Cur t i s h a s s ai d per t aining
1 . a controver s i a l f i gure . "
to Don G e l l er s ,
D o you no t
I think I am quo t ing
thinl� i t wou ld b e w i s e to
know mor e per t in en t f a c t s concer n ing the Ind ians and Don G e l l er s b e f o r e wr i t ing
ar t i c l e s d e p i c t ing Mr .
Go
to Eas tpor t ,
Ge l le r s a S t .
George in shin ing armor o f
g e t s ome fac t s and quo t e b o t h s id e s f a ir ly .
the und erdog ?
A mer e eye view
f r om Cumb e r l and and S ag adaho c coun t i e s do e s no t g ive you a c lar p i c ture .
He len H .
Ro s s
IND IAHS IND I C TED l3 Y JURY
MACHIAS - S e cr e t ind i c tmen t s r e turned by a Wa s hing ton Coun ty gr and j ury
s even Pa s s amaquo ddy Ind ians invo lve d in a Labor D ay we ek frac a s w i th
law en for c emen t au thor i t i e s were made pub l i c Mond ay (12 /18/67) .
Char g e s again s t the Ind i an s , thr e e o f whom l ive in Ma s s achu s e t t s , r ange
agains t
from as s au l t and b a t t ery t o i n t e r f e r e n c e with an o f f i cer and con s p ir a cy .
A super ior cour t he ar ing i s s chedu l e d for F e bruary .
Tile s even wer e in d i c t e cl s e cr e t ly a week ago .
The s t a t e a l l e g e s the
Indians a s s au l t e d S t a t e Tr ooper Ar l a Lund of We s t Pembroke and Ind i an Con s t ab l e
Rober t Hewe l l .
( Th e ) grand j ur or s were s e l e c t e d from a new j ury po o l whi clii .had b e e n
s t e d by Jus t i c e Ar c h ib a l d , f o l l owing a d i s covery t h a t t h e s e le c t ion o f
r e que
t he or i g i n a l grand j uror s for the Oc t ob er t erm was made from a j ury poo l
e
which d id no t in c lude qua l i f ie d vo t er s from e i ther the Pe t er Dana Po in t , Pr inc
ton ,
or
the P l e a s an t Poin t ,
Perry , vo t ing l i s t s .
( C o n t inued on
Page
25)
�( 2. : )
(Cont inued from Pag e
2t� )
The or i g ina l j ury wa s d i sb ande d and d i s charged ; a ne�·! m� r t t=:
j ury
T"("'"'
o f 3C'D pro s pe c t ive j uror s Has forme d , inc lud ing repr e " . ': r. :. �. ve s . rc r;i
e . � ch u[ the tuo Ind ian r e s erva t ion vot ing d i s tr i c t s .
Two r e g i s t e r e d and qua l i f i e d vo t e r s wer e s a i d to have b een s e l e c t e d
from e ach o f t h e two Ind i an v o t ing l i s t s , in t h e s ame manner a s o t her p r o s p e c
t ive j uror s wer e p i cked from o t her mun i c ipal vo t ing l i s t s in the coun ty - every
S fl th v o t er on the l i s t was c ho s e n .
Non e o f the four vo ter s from the two r e s erva t i on s , however , were p l a c e d
o n the mo s t r e ce n t g rand j ury l i s t as a r e su l t o f t h e = 1 ou t - o f -a -ha t: " me thod
of s e l e c t in g t y the j ury connni s s ioner s .
D e f e n s e Coun s e l Don C .
r e a s on 1 = for
Ge l l er s ,
of Ea s t por t ,
s ay s he
can
s e e ' ' no po s s ib le
Indians appear e d
v o l un t ar i ly in the p a s t a n d hadn ' t b e en arre s t ed a f ter the f irs t indi c tme n t s
wer e han<le � clowa by the Oc t ob e r grand j ury .
There s e ems n o r e a s on for anyo n e
s e cr e t ind i c tmen ts
and arr e s t s .
He s a i d
the
t o a s s ume the Ind i an s wou l dn ' t appear i n February to answer
Ge l l er s s a i d S a t urd ay
(12/16/G7) .
the · new ind i c tmen t s ,
p
the
As s i s t a n t A t t orney G e n e r a l Dan i e l Li ly , chie f pro s e cu t o r , t o l
Te l egr�!!! no arr e s t s wer e n e e ded or p l ann ed .
The c l er k o f the Hash ing ton
Coun ty S q>�r i o r Cour t s a id that n igh t ( 1 2 / 15/ 6 7 ) that Li ly had asked l a s t
Hond ay f o r ar re s t war ran t s t o L e i s s u e d .
Mr s . Winn i e Tayl or , t he c our t c l erk ,
s a i d L i ly w a s a s ked by Super ior Cour t Judge Jame s P . Ar chib a ld if he wan t e d
such warr an t s .
L i l y t o ld t he j udge he d i d , a n d Judge Ar c h i1 a l d o r d e r e d her
to i s sue t hem .
Non e of
t he war r an t s wer e s erved un t i l Fr iday night
John Socob a s in and Dav id Homan wer e arr e s t e d at
erva t io n a t Perry .
As s i s t an t At torney G e n e r a l Fred Hard
when
of Mach i a s s a i d Fr i day n igh t he
·
t he Ind ian s l ive in I1a s s achu s e t t s
Thre e of
a s sume d o ther arr e s t s w i l l fo l l ow .
s o ex t r ad i t ion pro c e e d ing s w i l l have t o b e
The
( 1 2 / 15/ 6 7 ) ,
the P l e a s an t Po i n t Ind ian Re s
taken i f t h e i r arre s t i s p l anned .
tuo Ind i an s who wer e arre s te d F r i day n ight wer e r e l ea s e d ear l y
$ 2 , 000
S a turd ay morning o n
b ai l .
.(Ear l i er i nd i c tmen t s aga ins t
the
s even Ind i an s had b e en thrown out a t
t h e r e que s t o f t h e At torney G e n e r a l ' s o f f i c e b e cau s e t h e names o f Ind i an s ·
l i s t from wh i c h j ur i e s ar e s e l e c t e d .
the
wer e n ' t in clud e d in
(From the Eangor D a i ly Ne�� s ,
en t i t l e d : 1 S e cr e t Charg e s Fur ther
son ,
Por t l and ' S unday Te l e gr am ,
1 2 / 1 2 / 6 7 & 12/19/ 6 7 ;
Con fu s e Quoddy Ind i an s ,
Edward
l ing of
Na i n e ,
und e r
of
( 1 1 / 28 / 6 7 ) b y
C.
Hin ck l ey f ir s t
he
s a id ,
Ind i an a f f a i r s
in
Wi l l iam
the t-?a t ervi l l e Li n s
Maine ' s Commi s s i oner o f In d i an A f fa ir s .
the group of
the s t a t e
as
the b a s i c d i f f e r e n c e in
the hand
compar e d w i t h many we s t e rn s t a t e s .
of
Ind i ans come under
In many o theT s t a t e s ,
the U .
s. D e p ar tme n t of the In ter ior •
The o ff i c i a l a t t i t ud e s o f b o th the
a l ly chang ing ,
H.
i t s own D epar tmen t o f Ind i an A f fair s and Ind i an s come
ha s
th i s de par tmen t .
Indian A f f air s
told
b y H i l l i am
:i
HINCKLEY SAYS
sub j ec t of a s pe e ch be fore
the
Ma ine Ind ians were
'I\l e s d ay n i gh t
- Ed . )
from an ar t i c l e
1 2/ 1 7 / 6 7 )
:•7ARD IHD IAI S CHANGING ,
GOVERNI-EHTAL ATTI TUD E S T0
C lub
and
s t a t e and n a t ion a l governme n t s
From a n e ar l i er po l i cy o f f ir s t
Hinckley s a id .
the Bur e au
• • •
i s fin
trying t o
e l imina t e the I n d i a n prob l em �y e l imi u a t ing t h e Indian , then trying t o ki l l
o f the ir s o c ia l her i t oge , governme n t i s £ina l ly t ry ing t o improve the s t and ar d
of
l iving o f the Ind i an w i t hin t he framework o f h i s exi s t ence . a s a n Ind i an .
One pha s e of
organ i za t ion wi th i n
thi s ,
the
Hinck ley s a i d ,
coU111Un i ty d ev e l opme n t programs .
in cer t a in pr ograms
Thi s i s
l ar s hips
at
s pon s or e d b y
the f i r s t year ,
i s an a t temp t
to e s t ab l i s h a commun i ty
to d e a l d i re c t ly w i t h the var i o u s
tribes
federal
The Pa s s amaquoddy Tr i b e i s pr e s e n t ly invo lve�
the U.
s.
Of f i c e o f E c onomi c Oppo r t un i ty .
Hinc k l ey s a id t
that a l l
the Univer s i ty of Nai n e ar e in u s e .
( C o n t inued on Pag e
26)
of
the
f ive Ind ian s cho
�( Continue d frora Page 25 )
The P nobs cot Tribe is generally better off that the Pansar.1aqt"!.oddy Tribe,
P.: �ckley said, b e caus e of the greater opportunity for eRploynent in the area
of t he Penob s cot Re servation.
Mos t Indi an s , he s aid , have a great attacbh!ertt
to the land .
They are often unwilling to i:iove to anot he r area to find work .
Thi s accounts, in part, he said, for the poo rer po sition . of the Passamaquoddy
Tribe .
Er:lployment oppo rtuniti e s are few and far between in Washington County
where their Reservations are loc ated .
Many EassaDacp oddy children entering s chool have little knowledge of Eng
Passanaqu od dy i s in oany c ases the language of the home .
lish, he co nt inued .
He said that thi s creates even greater problems than t ho se of children of French
des cent who speak French at hone.
French bears at least sone relationship
to Engli sh, Hinckley said, while Passaruaquoddy bears none .
Th e probleus the Indian face s are 3 00 ye ar s o ld, Hinckley said.
The pov
erty and prejudice faced by Indi ans today was well-do cl..D'Ile nted in the days of
the American Revoluti on.
(From the Waterville Sentinel, 11/29/67 )
" THE ENDURING INDIAN"
This i s the title of the Departnent of Indian Affair s ' second new genera l
information sheet :WUch consists of an article written by Dr . Nancy Oe streich
Lurie , profe s sor of anthropology and chairr::ian of the Deparu�ent of Anthropology
at the University of Wis consin, in Milwaukee .
Havi ng a parti cular interest in conter.1porary Indian affairs , Dr . Iurie ' s
article di scus se s Ameri can Indians in general ; the many mi sconceptions held
about then by non-Indians; early rela tionships with European co loni st s ; the
growing "pan-Ind i an" moveaent ; .changing governRent policies toward s Indians ; and
current noveI!lents among Indian le aders throughout the country.
" The Enduring Indian, 11 wh ich first appeared in Natural Hi story Magazine
for November 1966, and is reprinted with penili s sion from the author and editor,
should b e of int erest to all tho se inte�ested in Indian Affairs in general .
It i s available without charge, on reque st, from the State Department of Indian
Affairs, State House, August � Maine 0433 0 .
MISCELLANEOUS NEWS
- The Bo ston Sunday Globe of November 19th contained a feature article
Illus
by Andrea Scheriiler entitled " The Passanaquoddya --Maine ' s Stepchildren. "
trated with photo s by the author, the article is the result of a vi sit of
several days by Miss Schermer to the Reservations , and her correspondence with
various individuals involved in Maine Indian affairs .
Paula Moulton, of Kennebunk, spoke to the Cor:imunity Church (Unitarian )
in New York City on Nove1. ber 12th, for it s annual "Ameri can Indian Sunday" pro
" It is th e one church in New York, 1 1 she said, "that as far as I know
gram .
Mr. and Mrs . Moulton
involves it self primarily in the problem s of Indian s . 1 1
were workcaop l eader s at Peter Dana Point during the SUJ:ll!l. er of 1 966, in a volun
teer
p.t·o,i P c t.
sµn n sm.·"lrl by t.hA Un i t.::i ri .qn -T Tn i n'n·:=i.q_) i
9 t.
Se1: v j
ce
Cammi tte e .
-1 1Mr . Hinck ley, fror.i the Mai ne Dept . of Indi an Affairs, was the gu est speaker
Mr. Hinckley spoke about varic 1s
in last week ' s Period X ( at Kent s Hill S chool ) .
The talk ended wi th a ques
things including the plight of . the American Ind ian .
As a res'\Jlt of his talk, th e s enior class officer s havg
tion and answer period .
ci rculated a petition which will b e given to an alumni representative, requesting
funds for the tuition of several · Indian students at Kents Hill next year . 1t
(From th e Kennebec Journal, 12/14/67 )
�Pine Street
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Penobscot
Description
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Dec. 1967)
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
Date
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1967-12
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-465
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/12a95f3b79ee6ec5a47bf6a0fcd04fe3.pdf
f1accf04ed0c34470119030c98a68212
PDF Text
Text
NEW
VOLUME 3, NUMBER
E
4
P E N 0 B S C 0 T
N E W S
Indian Island Girls' Club
The Girls' Club would like to elcome Sister Eugenio to he Island.
We are looking forward to her arrival. The club haF bL�n quit� successful
in most projects it has worked on.
Although the club shows a slight lack
of motivation it will take on new projects and may soon join with the boys'
club. This will be the start of a teen-age club with all members of high
school age.
Present members of the Girls' Club are Carol D ana, Presedent, Pam
Norwood, Vice President, Faye Bisulca, Secretary, Mildred Lolar, Treasurer,
Barb Fran�is, Sargent-at-arms.
Division of Human Relations
As most people know Sister Caritas who was working with the Bureau
o f Human Relations, has recently been replaced. It has been pleasant know
ing her.
The teenagers of the island miss her and would like to thank her
for all she has done in helping the club and others. We are sorry we did
not see her �efo�e she left as neithe r of us kneN when she was to leave.
We will soon be working with Sist�r Eugenio.
1
Indian Island Band
The group from Indian Island will soon be fully organized. They have
pl�yed at many dances at the Tribal Hall. It takes much work and practice
but so far the group has stuck together.
They have not yet ado�ted a name.
Members of the group are Sparky Clark, Paul Francis, Mike Rance and Doug
Frr.inr.is.
attending college or away at school are Michael Ranco, Paul
Jr� George Tomer and Erlene Paul at the University of Maine.
Stephen Mitchell and Nicholas Dow are at Husson. At Eastern Maine
'/n'!:-il:.i r.n�l Institute are Ow:::n Lolar and Geoffrey Goslin.
Ava fou1�0, daughter of Mr. and fv'lrs. Irvin Ranco of Indian Island
will soon be jojning the WACS. She will be stationed in Alabama, and will
leave sorn8time in ,Jal'111ary.
Boys in the Service
There are about four boys from Indina Island ho are now in the
service. Bi)gene Loring Jr. is in Viet Nam. John Mitchell Jr. and Kirk
Loring are stS3.t.ioned at l.<' I:. lh·ae;g, Hoi·th r.l'n:o 1 -t na.
Steven l'e1�tune h-"l.s just come ho:1c from the service. He was stationed in
Francis
S�ndP.nts
Germany.
Mr. and f111·r:-. lta 1 ph Brosch� rd and family cam� fl' om Somerville
' New
Tersey t o v i.si
.
"t M r. and l·ko. P;:i '" •) ,,n Tru.U ::\H T:s 1 nnd. They c��me for the
Th-3nksgivine HnlidA.y.
·
Carol Dana
Penobscot Reporter
�(2)
BREAD AND
WATER JAIL
Rev. C. E. B. Harnsberger, a priest in the Rosebud Mission of the Epis
copa1_�h�rcj}J has comp�����-���ence of bread and w�ter to Hitler's Gestapo.
!imposed on a citizen of this country,.,
The former Rosebud priest,
1he wrote in a letter to the Rapid City
now stationed at White River, made
the comment after reading wherq the
�ournal.
Fr. Harnsberger lived in Bo•
Hot Springs city court had sentenced
&prings for seven years.
three Indian persons to bread and
"One questions whether such an
water for fifteen days.
The two men and a women also extreme penalty would have been imposed
received fines with 30-day jail sen- on non-Indians, " rre added.
Fr. Harnsbergcr noted that
tences, Fr. Harnsberger said.
'
The sentences were for public intox- trouble may corJe if citizens "can sit
ication and disturbing the peace.
back and be complacent about the type
"I never thought that I would of justice that prevails in mAny o f our
communities thruout the state. "
live to see the day when a medieval
He added that "we must be consentence of bread and water would be
cerned about laq and order
but we
:just be just as concerned that justice
(From the Rosebud Sioux Herald, Rose- prevails for all people--not justice
bud, Sou-rll Dakota, December 16, i9t;8) 'for some 1 while oth rs are excluded."
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E D I T 0 R
T H E
Dear Editor,
As former residents oD Pleasant Point, this it�m may be of interest
to friends and rel�tives at the reservation.
Miss Carol Ann Stanley 16, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Stanley is
being honored for her corttribution to the Y. W. C. A. of the Hartford area.
On Friday, Nov. 8th she left for Vashington D. C. and \"lill at tend
the World Fellowship service in the National Cathedral on Sunday, tour
the White House and visit Arlingtol') National Cemet�ry.
Carol is a Junior at Penney High School, East Hartford, Conn. , SecAch i o'remP11 t and An active member of Blessed Sacre .ie n t C. Y. 0 .
retary of Jun i. ·
Sincerely,
Mr4 and Mrs. Jonn Stanley
East Hartford, Conn.
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Editor,
I received my fir st copy of Maine Indian Newsletter and found it very
good reading.
I also receive the American Hzritage every other month. The issue
of December has a article on the Seneca Indian in Penna. and New York
.
The name of the ,article is "Cornplanter, can you sHim. " It is about
the Allegheny Resevoir behind K�nzua Dam and the taking of 10, 000 acres'
of the Indian only habitable land which ran along the Alleghany River,
and deliberately breaking an Indi�n treaty in order to do sq.
It was the oldest active treaty, made in 1794 with the Cornplanters,
SPne��A and five other Indian rations.
Thanking you for your fine publication.
Clarence Avant
Newburyport, Mass.
(LETTERS con t.:i rni.ed on page 4)
DON IT FORGF.T TO HF.NF.W ymrn Rlffi�,"!'IH1?TION
N()T'l'rJRORRlJR RUOY WENER o·r 'l'EGROF TI NOD
Dear
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�(3)
E D
'r.tiE i·
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I T 0 R I A L S
1 ;� ··:NDIA..\T NE1·iS LETTER
(�rrs.) Eugenia T. Thompson
(Penobscot)
1ews and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication at the
following address:
Maine Indian Newslett er, 42 Lib rt y St., Gardiner, Me.
Zip code-04345
Tclephone-582-5435
EDITOR:
A PUBLIC CHARGE
"America has much to learn about the heritage of our American Indians.'
�hese words of John F. Kennedy, in the introduction of the American Heritage
Book nf Indians, places upon us a public charge as the old year ends and a
new year begins.
Now that t he fighting, massacring, killings arc over, (except on tv)
we must lust for a new t ruth and a new approach to the Indian problam.
We
hope that the new lust will include a desire for rBflection in ourselves
as members of a great tribe called America. To reflect of tha spiri.t which
kept our Indian trib s together in times of hardsh�p and harves�, and t o
reflect on continuing our concern for our brothers whether they b e red,
black, -yellow or white, should be our foremost resolution.
We hope for research to find the historical pag0s of misprint,
mistruths, and omissions.
We hope for a return to the history books and
replace the errors \1ith t he truth. �Je hope for this renovation so t hat our
children will read in th ir history books of proud, intelligent and cour
ageous ancestors.
We hope revenge ill not occur so our children with proper diet
and e ducation will stand straight again.
We hope that the nev year will not renege on it s prornis s and that
we all can work for a better read yest�rday, a healthier and heartier today,
and a bigger :and great r tomorrow.
(ETT)
NOTES
Don It forget to send in your renC:ffrnlcoupon in order for you to
keep on receiving the Newsletter.
Please con ti nna to send in those clip11ings of articles on Indians,
from your newspapers, newsletters, magazines, w can use.them.
Continue to send in your friends names names, as we can send them
a complementary copy of the Newsl�tter to acquaint them.
Continue to write to us telling us what t ribe you are a member of,
and what you have been doing, as the news is inter sting to our read�rs who
include your relatives, and friends.
Keep h�althly and God bless you.
1
(Continued from page 5)
Advancement Awards for Graduate Study
For more informatiQn, a student should write to the Graduate
Registration Officer of the. department in w}ich he proposes to study, or
to (Dean Robert K. Weatherall, Associat e Director of Adaissions, Room 3-132, )
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Caibridge, Mas�achusetts
02139.
�(4)
(!ETTERS continued from page 2)
Dear Editor;
Just a short letter to you, I get this Indian newsletter From Maine,
and it is a very interasted, and that is good, I think them Indians got
it made, and us Cherokees we are doing a very well, any way it good to be
alive the next thing, I will be Published the Cherokee newsletter the next
f ew months, I will be senting you one Each time.
This is what I was want to ask you about, can you sent a man a News.letter? he is a fullblood cherokee Indian, Just like I aw full blood
Cherokee, so he want to know if you can 'send him one ach month?
Here is his name.
(Editor's note:
�.Je have added his name to our mail
ing list and he will receive a subscript�on each month for as long as he is
an Indian and as long as there is n. Ma i ne Indian �cwsl�tter.)
Hes the man wants one each month, he ask 1.1e to write to you about it,
I was at Maine about year ago this month, I was at Pleasant Point, I knew
john Mi tche 11, he is at old t o,vn, Maine, also I knev1 Nary Yarmal,
Theres
is a few Pa:=;s::u,1aq1loddy Indians, that I know, and they know me to, I sing
in Cherokee for them, and they so did liked my song, I think most Ev ry
body did in state of Maine and also at Middletown Conn to:
Well best wish to every body up there:: MY N.AflE IS SAl H HAIR
HF.L LO EV �RY BODY
FROM FRIEND
Sam H Hair
Tahlequah, Okla.
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] 1 n r-1 '-. �;.a.itor,
I am curious who contributed for my subscription.
I am v�ry pleased
to receive it monthly. I am of Wabanaki descent through Nokomis, who still
lives in South Portland, Me., and will be 82, Dec 1. She as born on Great
Chebeague Isl�nd in Casco Bay, and grew up with many of the Penobscots and
PasF;ar.1;:iqaor�<l i.e s who came there summers.
Her family stayed all year, however.
My wife is an Oklahoma Cherokee, from the city of Muskogee., and most
of her relatives live there.
rPlease enter a subscription for: Growling Bear (fenobscot)
His Chr5stian name is Francis Curtiss Nicola (Nicolar), and he is son of
Mr. and l"'irs. Ralph Nicola Sr., ..Vest St., Indian Island, Old Town, Le., grand
son of late Chief Albert Nicholar.
Growling Bear is pursuing Indian cultural employwent as a sideline.
Hf: j i:: Rn elect1·orii c b=ichni ci.an, now at IBM.
F.nclosed are three news items which may be of interest to your read
ers. I work as AP wire editor one day a week when the r gular �ire editor
has a day off.
The (Ro�e) Sentinel publishes 6 days a week. Oth�r days, I
cover Oneida ·county gcwerniaent. This is the home of the Oneida Ir.oguois
Nation, and there �s a reserve in Oneida County, and another over the line
in Madjson County, south of the City of Oneida.
The two reserves are separ
ated by Oneida Creek.
Among the Onejdas is a St. Francis Abenaqui man, Raymond Robert O'Bom
sawin, 11H� carries the torch", ( v�aban-sawino), son of the late Chief Louis
Robert 01�omsawin. The family does not curr0ntly ·reside on the reserve,
and I do �E�t have their address.
He is a high-steel man; as are many
One:i d-as.
TtJ.C Mohawks, of course, a.re ®st famous for their high-steel work.
If you want !.lOre information on who will be the next head chief
of the Iroguois League, I suggest you in'quire of the adopted son of Chief
Thomas, and please enter a subscription for him:
Richard Brewer (Onondaga)
I a:n coucer11ed lest the Penob�cot-Abena,g_ui 'dia 1 cct die out completely,
ri11cl
+h� l''l..n0�rnr•(111<••l1l.v- h,..1_,.,.,:i t:i� dialect
be so ;trl11l tr:r<-'1t.Prl t:hnt. the Maine
( 'cr.nt'i.TL'\1.•� 1: ''11 I'·<lge 5)
·
�(5?
(Continue d from page 4)
Indian Youth lose its cultural bene fit and enrichment. May I suggest lan
guage l0ssons each month in the The Newsletter?
If you like, I will start
the m, and other interested persons can continue them, fer as long as the
paper is published.
There ne ed never be an end.
Also I am pleasc.d that such progress is being mado under Commissioner
Hinckley, and I commend not only hiill but each Wabanaki illan and woman who has
dete rmination enough to stand up and speak for what the y believe is right!
Required re ading:
"The New Indians", by Stan Steiner,. 1968, Harper
and Rowe, $7.50
get it at the library!
It tells about the new "red power"
movement, and is an e xciting book.
I went to the Uniy. of New Me xico with
Herbert Blatchford (Navajo), mentioned in it. Clyde Warrior, also promin�nt
in the book, died in July, was buried near Ponca City, Okla.
The peace of the Great Spirit be with you.
Richard Bounding Elk (Gaffney)
Rome, New York
De ar Editor,
I thought you would find this article of interest and might want to
incor�orate something from it in your e xcellent newsletter.
I had a very intere sting trip into northern Quebec Province where I
visite d several Cre e and Montagnais reservations. You can i@agine my sur
prise to meet a Penobscot living on the Montagnais Boint Bleu Re serve on
Lake St. Je 8f !
In the rorth-subartic region many Indians live in tents all
ye ar round, even when the temperature dips to -60°. Non-Indians are not
allowe d to hunt on re serve lands and commercial intere sts have not yet in�
vaded their land.
Sincerely yours
Nicholas Smith
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ADVANCE '.tEJ�T M/ARDS FOR GRADUA'rE STUDY
Fortx f�:U-9�.§l!_ip� �!}�--�.§���tantships are offere d for award in 19691970 to promising students who in pursuing thPir educational objectives have
had to overcome the handicaps of poverty or pre judice. The awards are e spec
ially interldcd for Ne groes, Spanish-Americans, Mexican-Americans, American
Indians, and residents of the Southern Appalachian and Ozark Mount�in areas.
The awards are re st ricted to U.�. citizens.
The awatds will support candidates for
Programs of graduate study.
Architecture, Biology,
the master's or Ph.D degree in the following fields:
Chemistry, City .Planning, Econo·ics, Engine�ring, Geology and Geophysics,
Linguistics, Management Mathematics, Meteorolgy, Nutritio� and Food Science,
Oce anography, Philosophy, Physics, Political Science, Psychology.
The M.I.T. General Catalogue should be consulted for details of department'
offer�ngs in these fi�lds. Programs ill be planned on an individual basis-
following th� Graduate School's normal practice--to wee t students' particular
circumstance s.
Cha�acte� of the awards.
Whether an award takes the furm of a fe llow
ship or assistantship will d0pend on the recipient's preference and the adva�:
tage s e ach t ype of award ap9ears to offer in his case. Each award �ill cover
tu'tion and provide a stipend, afte r deductions, of not less than J200 a mon��
for a single student. Awards will range higher.for students with dependents
and students giving other e vidence of financial n�ud. Awards will be renawe d
from ye ar to year, in the furm of fellowship or assistantship support, nr all
students making satisfactory progress.
Application will be on the standard M.I.T. application form for grad
uate school adwission and financial aid, obtainable from the Director of Af;.
missions., A candidate should indicate on the rorm that he wishe s to be consj0ered for an Advance ment Award. !EE._lication �h���d_J?_���d�-�February 1.
(Continued on page 3)
�(6)
DEAR READER,
IF YOU WILL REIJEl.T YOUR SUFSCRIPTIOlT TO THE
l'IBWSLETTER
YOU CM! cm.rTINUE TO RECEIVE MOi: '.!.HLY C OPIES OF MAIHE'
S OELY
H1DIAN NEWSPAPER.
YOU WILL
lJOTICE Olil YOUR MAILING LABEL THE INITIALS FOR
THE ABEREVIA TI0111
OF THE MONTHS OF
THE Y EAR.
YOU WHEN YOUR SUBSCRIPTION WILL RUN OUT.
YOUR LABEL SAYS "DEC",
J:..EY1�!l
TELL
THIS WILL
FOR EXAMPLE,
IF
YOU WILL NOT RECEIVE JANUARY'S NEHS
AS Y< flR NAME WILL HAVE EEEN TAKEN OFF THE MAILING
J.1ST.
WE HAVE ENJOYED pu·n·rnc OU T THE NEWSLETTER AND HOPE THAT YOUR
YOllR TN'll!:RF.S'f TN TT H IJ.T, COU'fJNUF..
JAS'f fAGE AND FILL OUT THE COUPON
IF SO,
AND SEND
THEN TURN TO THE
I N YOUR NAME .
MOST SINCERELY,
EUGENIA THOMPSON
U.11HANS OF THE EASTERN S EAB OR D
seahos:i:d Indians be J .•ugu.l t-o t.:hf!
They were
the Jood l and People.
All of the Atlantic
cultural di.vlfiJon kuown as
fishfng,
of all three.
primarily a hunting,
a
combination
or
an agrh:ulLural
The homes t he y built suited the
weat her
people or
and their customs.
In the �orth houses were conical shaped bark and round bark-cov
ered wigwnms.
In the central
and also bark-covtred.
of families.
by stockades.
ar e a
they were long in sh ape
Each house wa s occupied by a number
Large village s were fortified and surrounded
In the warm<"r climate, hou s es wer� open shelters
with thRtched roofs.
In the far north, Indians or t g i na te d the light birchbark canoe.
Other boats were o�Je from lozs ch�r�ed on one side and then expertly
gouged out and sh���d with sh�rp-ed5�d stones,
shElls.
For wint�r
hor�,
or strong
travel over dc.�p snow the northern Indians
invented the snowshoe and the tobagga n .
(Fr m.!_nd_ians .Qf__�h�_J:a_:-tern Sca:·rn�Td,
Price 15 cents)
201+02
Washington, D.C.
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U.S. Pr int in g Office,
�(7)
STATEMENT IY RICHARD M.
Issued to The
NIXOl\
rational Congress of American Indians
Omaha, Nebraska,
Sept.
27,
1968
The sad plight of the American Indian is a stain on the honor of the Amer•
ican people.
Historically, thes� native Americans who shared the first Thanks
givi g and guided restless explorers across the American continent have been
deprived of their ancestral lands and reduced cy unfair federal polices and de
meaning paternalism to the status of powerless wards of a confused-Great Uhite
Father.
Today, many of the 600,000 American Indians living on reservations suffer
limitations, disabilities and indignities that few disadvantaged groups in America
suffer in equal measure.
Their infant mortality rate vastly exceeds the average
for the nation as a whole.
Their education level is inexcu!eably low in spite of increased federal
spending on Indian education,
and their motivation is sapped by an educational
structure which forces them to reject their own culture as the price of educa
tional ad,ancement.
Their unemployment rate is 10 ti�2s the national average.
Their average
family income is far below the national average and, in some areas, below $500
per year.
inety-five per cent of their housing is totally inadequate and im-
provements are stymied by bureaucratic restrictions on efficient production.
Off the reservations, many Indians, some of them unwisely relocated by
the federal government, have not been successfully assimilated and find them
selves confined to hopeless city reservations of despair because of lack of
education and
skills.
The causes of these tragic problems cannot be confined to the 19th century
era of expansion or excused as the gro,ing pains of the nation.
The Indian
people have been continuous victims of unwise and vacillating federal policies
and serious, if unintentional, mistakes.
Their plight is a citter example of
what's wrong with the bankrupt old approach to the problem of minorities.
have been treated as a colony within a nation - to be taken care of.
They
They
should - and they must - be made part of the mainstream of American life.
To their great credit, the Indian people are not occupying themselves
with the errors of the past.
Many of them - seizing thin threads of opportunity have ruade great contributions to our society.
How they are striving for a brigh
ter futu=e.
To help them reach the goals that they themselves have set and will set,
my administration will be pledged to the follouing policies:
The special relation�hip between the fed�ral government and the Indian
people and the special responsibilities of the federal government to the Indian
people will be acl�nowledged.
Te� in�tion of trib�l recognition will not be
a
policy objective, and in
no case will it be imposed without Indian consent.
·!e must recognize that American society can allow many different cultures
to flourish in harmony, and we must provide an opportunity for those Indians
wishing to do so to lead a useful and prosperous life in an Indian environment.
n1e right of self-<l("t:erm:in�tion of the Ind:i.an peo�le will be -res?ected
and thr�i.r parti.c.l.pation in planniug their m.vn d��tiny w i.11 be encom.·aged.
I will cppose any effort to t:Tn.n-,f::r juriscl • �tion over Indian Ileservations
with011t Indian consent, will fully suppo!:"t the �Ia.c.: onal Council on Indian Op�wr
tc.n:!.ty and en ure th.::!.t th� I=i.dian p'"'r,, ·1.e are fully consulted before progr�ms
unc!er l7hi.ch the!' mu�t liv� .J.r-e plrnn�d.
I '.1..l l arpo�nt a q··zli i:ir::d I:"'..C.a.a me�ber to the Indian Clair.is Co'IJlmission;
wiJ 1 s�e to it that loca1 p?"q;r�.-:i'. �::�') .:'..:<Jr, 1 buc!g �i�s .a.rn o. crn.t�d with
minimum
bureaucra�ic restraint and in f1,)
c0<i"nl t-ni..l n w:i :-ii th.e> 11�<lJ ::in people l>ho shoulO.
(Continued
on Page
D)
I
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(Continued from Page 7)
achieve increasing authority and responsibility over programs affecting them.
Independent school boards, funded at government expense, must be urged
for each government .. run school.
tion law and other programs.
be under Indian management.
Tribes should be urged to tate over reserva ..
Road construction and repair activities should
School service contracts for running school buses
or for operating a school lunch program, should be funded as they are now but
i
should be an activity of the Indian people themselves rather than of the federal
government •
The economic development of Indian reservations will be encouraged and the
training of the Indian people for meaningful employment on and off the reserva
tion will have high priority.
To date,
/
the basic error of attempting to ltrain the Indian work force
only for off-reservation jobs has been the major cause of the lacl: of normal
progress on the reservation.
My
administration will promote the economic development of the reservation
by offering economic incentives to private industry to locate there and provide
opportunities for Indian employment and training.
Large companies uhich have already located on reservations have been
highly impressed with the reliability and productivity of Indian workers.
companies can provide a stable economic base for a reservation and can,
should,
Such
and
be encouraged to permit the Indian people to share in the fruits of
their enterprise.
The special development problems of smaller reservations will also be
recognized and the administrators of government loan programs will be encouraged
to take businessmen's risks in sponsoring Indian enterprises.
Moreover,
the recreation and tourist potential of Indian reservations can
be improved as a source of continuing independent income which uould in turn
fuel further Indian-sponsored development.
tion.
Job training for Indian people must ce accelerated on and off the reserva
I have promised my full backing to the Vocational Education Act and will
see to it that the Indian people enjoy the full tenefits of its provisions.
'llle administration of federal programs affecting Indians will be carefully
studied to provide maximum efficiency consistent with program continuity.
A first priority of my administration will be a thorough study of the
executive branch by an independent connnission patterned on the Hoover Commission.
The coordination of the various programs affecting the Indian people will be
an important ttatter on the agenda of that commission.
I will particularly direct that attention be given both to the ultimately
desireable administration of Indian affairs and to methods by which a smooth
transition from the existing structure can be effected.
I will instruct the
commission to eliminate needless bureaucratic levels which insulate decision
making from the Indian people.
Improvement of health services to the Indian people will be a high priority
effort of my administration.
Tile Eisenhower Administration revitalized health
programs for the Indian people and sharpl
sis and the infant mortality rate.
y
reduced the death rate from tuberculo
Now new progressive steps are direly neces-
sary.
Looking to the future, my Administration will stress programs of preventive
medicine,
additional modernization of health facilities,
and assure greater
progress in the delivery of health services to the Indian people.
The Indian people have long responded to deprivation and hardship by seeking
to utilize the processes of orderly change.
termination,
Through their own ability and de
not a few of them have achieved notable success.
T·Te must seek to
demonstrate to them all that our society is responsive to their patient pleas
.and help them to live among us in prosperity,
dignity and honor.
�(9)
CJU'JADI
I DIAr� TP:.fil.ATEN Rl!.VOLT
AS P VJ1rlTY �:GULFS
·:ORTMR.i� TRIBES
by i'tichc.el Cope
TORff�TO,
town dump
Bey.
Cann.da - A pctheti c h&ndful of Can2dian India.ns f oraged in the
at noosonee, e amall subArctic settlement at the southern end of Hudson
They w ere looking for scraps of food thrown out by the white man.
Already
the bitter Arctic winter has fallen.
Deep snow covers the ground and an icy
/
wind whistles in from the ice cap and tundra.
They are Canada's second class citizens, eking out
a
humiliating,
substand-
ard existence on government handouts in filthy, tarpaper shacks.
But the crushed
Discontent in the
spirit of the once fiercely proud Redskins is rising again.
Indian tribes across Canada is boiling over into rebellion.
At Toronto, 500 miles from Noosonee, the leader of the socialist New Demo
cratic Part y warned in the Ontario Legislature: "Tµne is running out for the
white man.11
"Either
we
act quickly to remove the national shame which has char&cterized
our treatment of Indians in the past, or the difficulties of solving th e Indian
problem will become bedevilled by Red Power with all its irrationality and vio
lence born of years of f rustration and neglect. 11
The warning may be too late.
On the Canadian prairies, W'lere the big
Black.feet and Cree tribes live on larrl granted them by Engl�d 1 s "'!ueen Victoria,
the revolt has already started.
At �falo
arrows in Saskatchewan, Red Power
commcndos set fire to a �6,000 government patrol boat.
Government Indian agents
and conservation of ficers have had to arm themselves with rifles and pistols.
Isoleted white far::n ers near the restless Indian reserves have taken to
keeping a rifle as they plough their fertile wheatlands as tom-toms in the Indian
villages beat out an endless, nerve-wracking rhythm • • • •
One ·1etis (halfbreed) leader, Dr. Howard Adams, has warned the government
in Ottawa both the Cree and Blackfeet are "organizing Red Power groups and linking up with Blac� Po�er f7"0Ups in the United States.
Prime -inister Pierre
Trudeau hims elf is alanned atout the Indians.
"If there are the beginnings of
a civil war here• •• it might be the Indians or the :iietis, 11 he has admitted.
A prominent ·sociologist in Alberta, Jack Thorpe, who has spent a lifetime
working with the Indians, predicts: "Thousands are ready to revolt now.
We ·
will have riots here that will make Los Angeles and Detroit look like small stuff. 11
But while the Redskin braves oil their weapons and ochre their bodies in
western Cc.nada,
their problems.
the e astern tribes are still seeking less violent solutions to
The six-nation Iroquois in Ontario wants to send a tepresenta-
tive to the next British Commonwealth Prime l1inisters 1 Conference in London
next J anuary to negotiate their grievances - and their independence.
And in ottawa, Khan Tineta Horn, a lovely 27-year-old 1'Iohawk Indian model
and cover girl from the Caughnawaga reserve near
Iontreal carried her fight
into a federal government conference in the ornate Parliament Buildings.
There
she sent delegates screaming and scattering when she emptied a paper bagful of ,
live and dead rats onto th e chairm�n•s t able.
As television cameras recorded
it all, she yelled: "That's what the white man is using the Caughnawaga Indian
lands for today - as a garbage dump for the city of · iontreal. 11
Behind this f'estering Indian unrest across the nation are the facts and
statistics of poverty, loss of self resp ect, illiteracy c.nd a soaring birthrate which at 40 per 1,000 is even higher than the chronically overpopulated Orient and which will double Canada's present 250,000 Indian population by the end of
the century.
.
Of 35,000 Indicns surveyed by a goverrment commission, more than one-third
was on relief and
death rate was
61%
33.31
for th8ir 'WOmen
worked for less than
years (compared with
(compared to
64.1)
(From the Bengor Daily News,
6 months of each year.
60.5 for other Canadians)
••• •
12/19/68)
The average
and
34. 71
�(10)
MOHAl-)K
UPRISU G TILOCKS ERIDGE
.
MASSENA, N. Y. (AP) - Unarmed Canadian police i·Tednesday arrested 48 Mohawk
Indians who formed a human wall and blocked the international bridge lir.king
Canada and the United States.
The Indian uprising was in protest of Canada's
alleged failure to live up to the 1794 Jay Treaty.
The Mohawks, numbering about 100, had blocked the bridge with 25 automobiles.
Indian men, women and children threw their bodies in front of tow trucks sent to
clear away the wall of �iohawks and cars.
There were no reports of injuries.
Ernest Eenedict, one of the Indian leaders, spoke to the demonstrators
that were left after the bridge was cleared and called them to a community meet
ing on the St. Regis Reservation, which includes territory both in the United
States and Canada.
The Mohawks were up in arms over Canada's insistence on collecting customs
duties from the Mohawks traveling to and from their reservation on the bridge.
The Mohawks contend the bridge is reservation territory.
The demonstrators car
ried signs that read: "This is an Indian Reservation, Po Trespassing'; as they
confronted police from Cornwall Island, Ontario State Police and Royal Canadian
Mounted Police.
The Cornwall Island officers, who handle peace duties on the reservation,
made the arrests.
The officers were not armed.
Some Indian women, screaming,
epithets, vere carted off the roadway and into waiting police vehicles.
TI1e Indians hold that the Jay Treaty of 1794 - signed by Chief Justice
John Jay as a special emissary to negotiate a treaty with Eritain - guaranteed
the �lohawks the right to travel unhampered from both countries.
Mohawk spokes
men called for the five other nations of the Iroquois Confederacy to join with
the St. Regis Reservation Indians in a massive 11lndian Power" demonstration to
block traffic on the bridge.
Automobiles began to filter across the br1dge around
noon.
Mrs. Kahn
Cornwall Police Chief Allen Clark lost his hat in one scuffle.
Tineta Horn, sister of one of the leaders of the protest movement, was arrested.
The Mohnwks had sent a telegram to England-�s Queen Elizabeth, protesting
the Canadian posture on collecting customs duties.
t1embers of the tribe met
with Canadian government officials Tuesday night, but no agreement was worked out.
£Jew York State troopers shunted traffic away from the bridge on the American
side during the morning.
The 41 arrests were all on misdemeanor charges.
Benedict, a graduate of St. Lawrence University, is a worker in a Canadian.
government youth corps program.
Protest spokesmen pledged to turn out 2,000 Mohawks for a similar blocka�e
Thursday.
There are some 6,000 Indians on the sprawling reservation, split
about evenly between the American and Canadian sides of the border.
The 48 arrested were returned to Cornwall Jail after they appeared in city
court.
Their cases were ordered held at least through Friday.
Kahn Tineta
Horn was charged with obstructing police and carrying a concealed weapon.
(From the Portland Press Herald, 12/19/68)
THE
CALL
OF
THE WILD
Folksinger/actress Buffy Sainte-Marie and Los Angeles designer Marne Murray
have gone into the dress-designing business - the clothes naturally have an Indian
motif.
Among the traditional dyes used are chokecherry and sea urchin; access
ories include Navajo-type velvet blouses, leggings, and hand-loomed fringed ponchos.
Profits from these fashions .. to be sold under the label ';Maria Starblanket Maria Starblanket is
Division of Ethnics" - will help support lndian causes.
Buffy's real name.
A numberof the fasbions were pictured in a recent issue of
1V Guide.
�( 11)
DONNA BYERS, NE AL CHAPMAN l'lED I N STATE STREET CHURCH
At a ceremony Saturday evening in the State Street Church Chapel, Miss
Donna Elizabeth Byers of State Street became the bride of Neal Winslow Chapman,
son of Mr.
and Mrs. Kendri·ck J. Chapman of Grandview Avenue,
Auburn.
The
bride's parents are Mrs. Alberta R. Nicola of Center Street, Indian Island,
and Donald E. Byers of Sherman Station.
The brio.� wore a gown of ivory satin accented with ivory lace appliques ·
Her veil was caught to an ivory bow edged with
of white roses, carnations and ivy.
�earing a gown of moss green satin,
for her sister.
pearls
and she carried a cascade
Miss Mary T. Byers was maid of honor
She carried a bouquet of red cnrnations and holly.
LaForrest
P. Horton was best man.
A
Allen Peterson and John Bruno seated guests.
After
receotion was given at the Grand International Exposition.
a
trip to Boston, the bridal couple will make their home on State Street.
The brid� is a graduate of Old Town High School and the University of
Maine.
She is a social worker for the State Department of Health and Welfare
in Lewiston.
A graduate of Kents Hill School, the bridegroom is employed by the Maine
Printing Comp�ny and is assistant manager of the Gate Coffee House.
(From the Maine Sunday Telegram,
of the Penobscot Tribe.)
12/22/68.
Mrs. Chapman is a member
GOVERNMENT GRANT SEEMS AN EXAMPIE OF COMMUNICATIONS GAP FOR N.B. INDIANS
by Dean Rhodes
WOODSTOCK, N.B. - Better communications to acquaint Indians with government
decisions before ''two or three years have gone by11 is the goal of the president
of the Union of New BrunsWick Indians, St. Mery's Band Chief Harold Sapp�er.
Chief Sappier may be on the right track.
Peter Paul of the Lower ':foodstock Maliseet Village and 71 others in Canada
have been granted awards valued at more than
$300,000
by the National Museum
of Canada in ottawa.
But Paul told the NF.vs Thursday he had received no notification of his
award and didn't know what the award is for.
'What they mean by this award,
I don't know, ,. exclaimed the blue-eyed authority on Maliseet custom and language.
Although Chief Sappier was not speaking specifically of this award when
he announced his goal, it seems a fair example of the communications gap between
the Maliseet Indians and the government.
Reports in the Canadian Press said
awards were granted Paul and the others to cover study and research carried out
during recent months.
The 66-year-old Maliseet has analyzed Maliseet language with the head of
·Harvard's linguistics department,
Karl V. Teeter, but Paul doesn't know whether
a month's work here with Teeter last July helped to earn the award.
The stud:i:ous
'throwback" who knows almost as much about the Maliseets as
did his grand�arents, has worked for years at Canada's National Mu�eum in Ottawa
in winter.
There, ethuol0risl.. ,ord n Day ext.r:ict.s in.fol'mat.i.on on the Maliseets'
dying language,
foJklore and culture.
Paul is due to return to the National
Museum next month, and Dr. Day, laboring a bit like a dentist, again will operate
on the Maliseet authority.
Amidst fossils, stuffed animals and more than
27,000
Indian and Eskimo
items in a room off limits to the public, and little known, behind-the-scenes
work will go on.
Paul and Day will tape record Maliseet names of Indian items moccasin laces, for instance, 'Chuch-Kwenob-I-Nul. ''
Paul is a rare find among his
1,500
Maliseet brothers because culturally
and linguistically his tribe is practically Anelo�q�xon.
(Continued on Page
12)
A cooper .by trade,
�( 12 )
( Continued from Page 11 )
Paul was raised by grandparents after his parents died following his birth , and
thus he be came familiar with Maliseet language and folkways .
The Woodstock
Re servation ' s School had white teachers nfter 1911 , with Maliseet language
discouraged ,
Children o� the 150-mernber band today attend s chool in the white
man ' s town .
The Maliseets have become angli ci zed .
While as similation of Maliseet and white man accelerates , Paul helps Day
salvage a culture be fore it dies .
( From the Bangor Daily News , 1/3 /69 )
" UD ALL ' S FREEZE'' STIRS ALASKA
ANCHORAGE , Alaska - The first topi c of convers ation here in sub-zero wear · Udall ' s Freeze , " whi ch is now
ther is not the weather but Udall ' s Freeze . 1 •
two year ' s old , was the sequestering by Secretary of the Interior Stewart L .
Udall o f. all federal lands i n Alaska until the century-old question o f native
The federal government still owns about
land claims is settled by Congress .
97% of Alaska ' s 3 75 -mi llion acres .
1"1hile the freeze i s on , the state c annot get title to the federal lands
Nor will the federal
it is authorized to select under the 1958 Statehood Act .
government offer any of its own lands for mineral leases , either non-competitive
or through competitive bidding .
11fi th the exceptions o f perhaps most of the state s 5 5 , 000 "natives " (Eskimo ,
Indians and Aleuts ) , the fre e ze has virtually all Alaskans very hot under their
fur collars .
Republican Gov . alter J. Hicke l , whom President-elect Nixon has
chosen to suc ceed Udall , is no exception .
When a reporter brought the subject up during an interview in the Governor ' s
snow-banked home here , the Governor was more cautious than he had been in Seattle
iust after Nixon named him.
Then he had snapped , .fu at Udall can do by execu
tive order , I can undo . '' . .
Beyond the old , vexed question of the natives ' c laim to their immemorial
hunting , fishing and trapping grounds , there is now the question of who owns
the potential oil-bearing lands and thus does the competitive leasing which
produces the rich " bonuse s " at the outset and hope fully the even ri cher royalties .
t"lli a t is to be the natives ' fair share ?
And what the state ' s ?
Hicke l is very
sensitive to any suggestion that he is not s�athet i c to the natives and their
claims . . . .
/
Udall ins ists he had to impose the land freeze be cause o f a conflict in
the laws .
There are those who doubt whether Udall would have taken his action
in December , 1966 , i f it had not been for the fact that the natives were sudden
ly filing thousands of prote sts against leases and appli cations for leases . . . .
The Governor argue s it would have been pos sible to go forward with state
s ele ction of land and where there was a con fli ct with Indian c laims , the money
from the leases could . have been put into a trust fund by mutual consent of
Congre s s , the Interior Department , the state and the Alaska Federation o f Natives ,
representing the villages . . . .
( From +.he Bangor Daily News , 1/3 /69 )
11
1•
.
MORE ON THE J AY TREATY
( See Page 10 )
The Portland Pre�s -Herald of December 20th reported that
chiefs of the 6 Nations of the massive Iroquois Confederacy met on the St . Regis
Reservation December 19th regarding the recent bitter demonstrations agairlst
the Canadian government .
The chie fs were to meet in the longhouse of the Mohawk
Tribe and were expected to call for a moderate approach that would give Canada
a chance to act on the Indian request to honor the 174-year-old treaty .
Canada holds that it was not a nation when the treaty was signed by the
( Continued on Page 13 )
�=
-
( 13 )
,
( Continued from Page 12 )
United Stat e s and Canada and has held firm on its right to charge customs due s
to the Mohawks .
The Portland E.xpre s s o f De cember 19th reported that the Jay Treaty was
re a ffirmed be tween the two countries in Ghent ; Belgium , after the War of 1812 .
r.anada J however , whi ch did not be come a nation until 186 7 , neve r rati fied the
document .
Canadian law spe cifies that legis lative action must be taken before
a treaty has the force of law .
Erne st Benedict , chie f of the Indians on Cornwall Is land , in an open
letter to the Canadian people and government , said , ' '�rle have bec ome victims o f
a gre at error o n the part o f your government . ''
Benedict s a i d h i s people
were re ceiving support , both monetary and moral , from other Indian tribe s i n
the United State s and Canad 3 .
Sources s aid i t has only been i n the past 3
w_e eks that Canadian customs o f fi cials began collecting duty on goods taken int o
Canada from the United State s .
A th orcragh study and the text o f the Jay Treaty may be found in " Jay '.s
Tre � ty : A Study in Commerce and Diplomacy , · by Samuel Flagg Bemi s (Yale Unj ve rsity
Pres� , New Haven and London , 1962 ) .
Sj gni fi c ant port ions o f the treaty include the following from Arti c l e 3 :
'' It i s ' agreed that it shall at all Times be free to
His Maj e s ty ' s Sub j e cts , and to the Citi zens o f the United
Stat e s
and also to the Indians dwelling on either s ide o f
the s aid B�undary Line freely to pas s and repass b y Land , o r
Inland Navigation , into the re spe ctive Territories and Coun
tri e s of the Two Parties on the Continent of Ameri c a ( the
Country within the Limits of the Hud s on ' s Bay Com any only
excepted ) and to navigate all the Lakes , Rivers and waters
there o f , and freely t o c arry on trade and commerce with each
other . . . .
No Duty o f Entry shall ever be levied by eithe r Party on
Peltrie s brought by Land or Inland Navigation into the s aid
Territories re spective ly nor shall the Indians pas s ing or re
pass ing with thei r own Proper Goods and Effe cts of whatever
nature pay for the same any Impost or Duty whatever .
But
Goods in bale s or other large Package s unusual among Indians
shall not be cons ide red as Goods belonging bonafide to Indians . . . . ''
The rights of Indians under the Jay Treaty are also di scus sed in volume
III , page 753 , and volume V , pages 179 , 244 , 245 , and 383 , Digest o f International
Law ( Washi ngton , Gove rnment Printi ng Offi ce , 1942 , 1943 ) by Green Haywood
Hackworth .
EDUCATION NEW S FROM THE
Haverford
Co l l ege ,
near Phi l ade lphia , we l come s Ind ian
S cho l ar s hi p s are ava i lab le .
Co l l ege ,
Haver f ord ,
Wr i t e t o :
Penn sy lvania 1904 1 ,
in forma t ion •
. !LOTA s cho lar ships this y e ar go
Owyhe e ,
p ew a )
N.Y.
1001 7 )
s t ud ent s .
Have rford
or wr i t e to !LOTA and we wi l l get you
to Maureen Manning
of New Jer sey , who wi l l at tend air line s t ewarde s s
New York ,
(men)
D i re c t or of Admi s s ion s ,
Nevada , who at tend s Ba cone Co l l eg e i n Okl ahoma ;
(From t he News l e t ter of
Place ,
INDIAN LEAGUE OF THE AMERICAS
the Ind ian Leage of
( S ho s �one -Pa iu t e )
and Sandr a Henry
of
(Chip
s choo l in Har t ford ,
t he Amer i c a s ,
Conn .
S � Tudor Ci ty
D ID YOU KNOW THAT
Boy S cout s
from R ichmond and Dre sden and G ir l S c9u t s from Woo lw i ch r e re n t ly 1we l "
comed four
Indian g ir l s
from the Pol an d Spring Job Cor p s Cen t er ?
gir l s wer e Dar lene Henhawk
Te p s ich ,
of
( S en e c a )
and Ad e laide Hi ckman
the Cho c t aw Tr ib e .
from Seneca ,
from Penn sy lvan ia >
N.Y. ,
The
Ind l an
and Ro s ie Greene ,
Anna
T.ou1 s i an fl and Tenne see , memb er s
�( 14 )
CANAD IAN GRANTS PROGRAM
F our t e e n Alb e r t a Ind ian band s
men t s gran t s - t o -band s program .
gran t s
are now oper a t ing under
And ,
of
the
t o run the ir own admin i s tra t ion .
commun i ty programs ,
t ion gran t s .
14 ,
the
Canad ian gove rn
s ix have r e c e ived ou tright
The gran t s cover
admin i s tra t ion c o s t s ,
the c o s t of b a s i c
s u c h as
t o s t aff , a n d re crea
s a lar i e s
The rema i n ing e ight band s have been g iven gran t s to b egan an admin i s tra
t ion
training program t o enab l e Ind i an s t aff on t he vari ous re serve s to be
t augh t admi n i s trat ion procedur e s .
" The l\rogram is g o ing a l ong we l l now , 11
o f admini s tr a t ion with
peop l e are g e t t ing more and more
$ 2 , 200 to $ 34 5 , 8 5 6 ,
s a id Vern Bou l tbee ,
invo lved . "
depend ing on the
(Gran t s
programs and the
to
p a s s re s o lu t ions
s aid .
1969 .
say ing
" The b and s ,
at
that
" The
the bands range from
s i z e of
the b and s . )
A l l the gran t s cover the f inal par t of t he Ind ian a f fa ir s '
which end s in Mar ch ,
supervi sor
the reg ion a l Ind ian a f f a i r s o f f i ce in Edmonton .
f i s c a l year
time , wi l l be reque s ted
they wan t to c ont inue with the program , " Mr .
to
Bou l tbee
1he Ind i an a f fairs depar tmen t has n o t r e c e ived any o t her app l i cat ions
t o oper a t e under
the program ,
but more are expe c ted from o ther Ind ian band s
when t he new f i s ca l year approache s
•
•
•
(From the Ind i an Re cord , Winn ipeg ,
Mani toba ,
Canada ,
De cember 1 9 6 8 )
OGI..ALA S IOUX T O S TAR IN "A MAN CALLED HORSE"
Edward Li t t le Sky ,
Hor s e ,
C a l l e d Hor s e . "
t i on ,
a fu l l -b lood Og l a l a Sioux and a grand nephew of crazy
has been s igned by producer Sandy Howard for the "heavy" ro le in "A Man
A one - t ime rod e o r ider from Sou th Dako t a ' s Pine R idge R e s erva
he wa s brought
to p i c ture s by Wa l t D i sney and recent ly fini shed a gue s t
s t ar r o l e i n ·a s egment o f '!V ' s " The V irginian . "
In Durango ,
t he
Mex i c o ,
he j o in s 6 5 Bru le Sioux ,
brothers o f t he Ogl a l a in
Te ton group , who have b e en broug h t from the Rosebud Re s ervat ion to b e t he
extr a s .
The mov ie i s a s tory of an ' Eng l i sh ar i s t ocrat cap tured by Ind ian s in 1 8 25
and
the ar i s t o cr a t wi l l be p l ayed by Br i t a in ' s Dame Jud i t h And e r s on .
Ander s on i s
l earn in g
Mr . Ri chard Harr i s is b e ing taught the S i oux language by Mr s .
S i oux .
Pre t tyb ird .
the he l p o f
Ol ive
Harr i s wi l l p l ay a whi t e s lave who achieve s warrior s ta t u s wi t h
·
t he ch i e f ,
L i t t l e Sky .
E i g h ty percent of
the d ia logu e wi l l be in
( Lako t a ) and au t he n t i c i ty
coun try
Mi s s
the S ioux language and wi l l appear a s a s quaw speaking
is
s tr e s sed •
• •
Later ,
the original S ioux language
the locat ion wi l l be in Sioux
• • •
(F rom the R o s ebud S ioux Herald and the Nat ive Nevadan)
CLER IC CIAIMS WHI TE S BROKE VOW TO INDIANS
Plymou t h ,
Ma s s .
-
(UPI)
- The Rev .
Gerald Kr i c� say s Ameri can s have broken
a 34 7 -year -o ld vow - made t o t he Ind ians af ter the f ir s t Thank s g iv ing - that
the whi t e s e t t l e r s "would no t wrong them or g ive them any jus t
Kr i ck ,
The Rev .
s a id the Ind i an s were
o f t hanks in 16 2 1 .
cau se aga in s t u s . "
speaking y e s t erday from the s i te o f t he f ir s t Thank s g iving ,
large ly r e spon s ib le for t he s e n t ler s '
survival and fe a s t
B u t whi t e Ama r i ca , h e s a id , ha s proved i t s e l f "ungrateful"
b y turning its back on the Ind ian when he n e e d s he lp .
The Rev .
Kr i ck t o l d a Thank s g iv ing c ongregat ion dre s s e d in t he c lo th e s
tha t t he or i g in a l s e t t ler s wer e s o thankf u l to t h e Ind ian s
11
"We wou ld no t wrong them or g ive them any j u s t cau s e again s t u s .
o f t h e ir f ore f ather s
t hey p l edged :
(From the
Prov id ence
(R . I . ) Evening B u l le t in ,
1 1 / 29 / 6 8 )
�MAINE I ND IAN NEWSLETTER
42 LIBER TY S TREET
GARD INER , MAINE
04 345
DON ' T DELAY !
TO GET LOCAL AND LONG D IS TANCE INDIAN NEWS , DELIVERED TO YOUR DOOR EACH MONTH !
The fo l lowing sub s cr i p t ion r a t e s are
charged for a 1 2 -month sub s cr ipt ion to
THE MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
Indian
- FREE
Non - Ind ian (Regular )
- $ 2 . 00/year
"
(Con tr ibu t ing ) - $ 5 . 00/year
"
( Suppor t ing )
-$ 10 . 00 / ye ar
"
(Lifet ime )
- $ 50 . 00/year
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
live , f i l l out and s end in the sub
s c� ip t ion s l ip (below) W ITH the appr o
pri a t e amoun t .
Your sub s cr i p t ion
wi l l begin with the next availab le
i ssue a f t er your sub s cr i p t ion s l ip
ls received .
If you ar e an INDIAN , wherever you l ive ,
f i l l out and send in the sub s cr ip t ion
s l ip
(b e l ow ) ,
iden t i fy ing your Tr ibe
and enc l o s ing NO money .
The addr e s s l abe l s . ind i ca t e the s tatus
"F-I" means
of your sub s cr iption .
"Free -Indian . "
The abbreviat ion o f
a month ( JAN) i s the time - next y ear your sub s cr ipt ion fee wil l again �e
� ill!, � ge t !.!!. ind iyidual
due .
{Com
expir a t ion no t ice , � � �!
p l imentary and Exchange sub s cr ip t ion s
do not require renewal . )
·
� - - -� -- - - - -�- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ·�� - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �-- - - - - - - -- --�- - - - -�· - - - - - -
I would l ike to receive mon thly regular i s sue s o f the Maine Indian News le t ter :
�
DATE__
_
__
__
_
__
NON-INDIAN
ADQRESS
I� IAN
n
-
--=�
( S tree t or P . O . B ox )
(C i ty
S t ate
Sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s :
Z I P Cod e )
Indian -0- ;
TRIBE------
_
_
AMOUNT ENCLOSED_
Non-Ind tan - $ 2
(Regular ) ;
$ 10 ( Suppor ting ) ;
Send this s l ip > with your sub s cr ipt ion charge >
$ 50
$5
if appl i c ab l e ,
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
42 Liberty S tree t , Gardiner , Maine
(Con tr ibu ting ) ;
( L i fe time )
to :
04345
- · - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ·- � - - - - - - '
D on ' t forge t your ZIP Code !
�/
MAINE INDIAN NEW SLETTER
BULK RATE
U. S.
Gar d iner >
Ma i n e
POS TAG E
3 . 6 ¢ PAID
4 2 Lib er ty S tr e e t
Free por t , Maine
04345
Permi t No .
ADDRE S S CORRECTI ON
REQU E S TE D
ib r &T Y
e ge
Co lb y C o l l
C o l le ge
Co lb y
04 90 1
, Ma in•
W te x v i l l e
J
33
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Dec. 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
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1968-12
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-457
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PDF Text
Text
MAINE�I
NEWS LET Tc
c
FEBRUARY
V OL
UME 1, NUMBER 7
1 96 7
NEW
SERV I CES REQUESTED IN IND IAN BUD GET MAY MEAN
NO SERV I CES RECOMMENDED BY MAINE GOVERNOR CURT I S
(E d . no t e : t h e N e w s le t t er tak e s a look at the s er v i c e s whi ch migh t b e cu t
from the budg e t r e que s t s o f the D e par tmen t oI Indian A f fa irs. S e e page 11
i f you wou ld like to he lp r e s tore th e s e r eques t s . )
(A mt . r e
qu ir e d)
($ 2 9 ,25 6)
a)
( $15 , 964)
b)
( $11 , 90 8)
c)
( $ 7 , 696)
d)
( $ 806 )
e)
( $1 6,146)
f)
( $ 7 ,5 92)
g)
Requ e s te d in cr.ea s e would:
( $7 , 9 82 )
h)
( $2 ,500)
i)
( $ 9 9 , 850 Tota l)
In crea s e pay o f 6 Tr iba l Po licemen (2 for ea ch Re s er v a tion)
to $ 4 ,238 per year ( compar e d to pr e s ent pay of $1 800 a ye ar);
Cr ea t e a D e par tmen t Hou s ing-and-Con s tru c tion O f fi c er po si tion
a t $ 7 , 9 82 per y ear( pr e s en t Hous ing-and-Con s tru c t ion O ffic er
is b e ing su ppor t e d for on e year by the Ameri can Fr iends S er
v i c e Co mmi t t e e);
Cr ea t e a So c ia l Work er I I po s i t ion b eg inning at $5 , 811 per
y ear for the Pa s samaquo d dy f i e ld o ff i c e;
Cr ea t e a D e par tment C l erk- Typist I I pos i t ion beginning a t
$3 , 75 7 p e r year;
Provide for r e c la s s i fy ing De partm�pt Clerk-Stenographer III�
b.b a C l erk I V;
Cr ea t e two A c count C l erk- I po s i t ions b eginning a t $ 3 , 93 9 per
y ear for th e Pa s samaquo ddy and Penob s co t field o f fic e s;
Cr ea t e a D e par tment So c ia l W e l far e O f fi c er pos i t ion beginning
a t $ 7 , 5 92 per year (b eginning in 1 96 8-1 969);
Cr ea t e a D e partm en t E conomi c-and-Human D e v e lopmen t O f f i c er
po s i t ion , beginning a t $ 7,5 92 per y ear (beginning in 1 9681 96 9);
Provide for in cr ea s e in Commi s s ioner' s sa lary .
Th e above s erv i c e s r e qu e s t e d were " c u t " from the bu dg e t
·( Par t I I) . Th er e was no r e comm enda t ion by th e go v ernor to
in c lu d e any o f the abov e. Th is m eans tha t the D e par tm en t
o f Ind ian A f fairs wi ll be exi s ting on i t s sk e le ton bu dge t
for the n ex t t�o y ear s . Th e pre s ent bu dg e t amoun t s to
$ 46 ,470 per y ear, prov iding for salar i e s and wage s to
c las s i f i e d s ta t e employ e e s .
(Con t inu e d on pag e 2)
�(2)
NEl/f SERVICES
N O SERVICES
(C ontinued fr om page 1)
•
•
•
(Ed. n ot e :
The f o l l owing increas e s that were r e que st e d f or 1967-1968 ar e
F or the year 1968-1969 an in cr ease. of $8 6,488 is r e qu e st e d . Th e
r e c omm e n d e d b u d get '' c ut" a l l ows only $30,000 a ye ar f or t he· f o llowing s er
vi c e s . )
$74, 477.
(Amt . r e
quir e d )
R e quest e d i ncr e ase w o u ld:
($3,600)
a)
($1,440)
b)
($10,080)
c)
($53,040)
d)
($18 '096)
($26,715)
e)
f)
($19,968)
g)
($2,400)
h)
($2,000)
i)
($22,100)
j)
($1,526)
k)
C h 60,965
In cr e a s e pay o f 3 Tribal G overnors t o $600 per year (19E71968) and t o $1200 per ye ar (1968-1969).
Pa y si nce J uly·l,
1966 has b e e n $300 per ye ar;
pri or t o July 1,1966 it was
$100 p er year );
In cr e as e pay o f 3 Tribal Li e utenant G o v ernors t o $240 per
.
ye ar (1967-1968) and t o $480 per ye ar (1968-1969).
Fay
sinc e July 1,1966 has b e e n $120 per year; pri or t o July 1,
1966 has b e en $50 per ye ar�;
Pr ovi d e pay f or 24 Tri bal C o unci lm ember s at $180 per year
(1967-1968) and ax S240 per ye ar (1968-1969).
(At pr e s ent ,
t he y r e c ei v e no pay );
Pr ovi d e f or 3 R e s ervati on C o nstr ucti on F or ew e n at $7,800
per ye ar plus e xpens e s , r e quir e d f or d e sir e d hom e c onstru ct
i on pr ograms on e a c h R e s ervati on;
Pr ovi d e pay f or 3 Tribal C l erk s , b e ginni n g at S2, 938 per ye;.
Pr ovi de pay f or 3 Tribal Maint e nan c e me n , b e gin at $4,342�
per year;
Pr ovi d e pay f or 3 Tri b a l Hallk e eper s , b e gin at $3,250 per
year;
Pr ovi d e f or rental o! Tribal P o li c em e n' s uni f orw s (now
b ei n g pr ovi d e d b y the M aine C o uncil o f C h ur c h e s );
Pr ovi d e f or fir e pr ot e cti on fr om the City o f O l d T o wn f or
t he P e n o b s c ot R e s ervati on;
Pr ovi d e f or ne c e s sar y i ncr e a s e s in trav e l, t e l eph one and
o per atin g e xpens e s t o s upport r e que st e d new positi ons;
Pr ovi d e f or ne c e s s ar y i ncr e a s e s in o f fi c e s uppli e s f or th e
r e que st e d new p ositi ons .
T ot a l ) The ab o v e s ervi c e s were !! c ut" d o1,vn t o only $60,000 f or th e
y e ars 1967-1968 and 1968 -1969. Wit h thi s c ut the H aine
Indi an.:n ot.�·mal9e any pa±egie.§s i n d e v e l oping the r e s our c e s,
t h at c ou ld mak e the R e s ervati ons an attracti v e place t o
liv e as we ll as t o visit.
....
A r eq ue st e d i n cre as e in t h e b udget f or p erm ane nt eq uipm e nt and fi e ld
e q ui pme nt am ounting t o $2,500 f or 1967-1968 and 1968-1969 had b e en " c ut"
t ot a l l� fr om t h e In di an A f fair s b udget (part II ) . Thi s m e ans t hat th e D e p
artm e nt wi ll b e op erating on a b udget o f $948 f or capita l eq ui pm e nt.
·
In ad diti o n t o D ep arthl e nt a l fund� f or R e�airs and Mi n or Irapr ov em e nts
on the thre e R e s er v ati on s , the foll owi n g fund s have b e en r e qu e st e d f or m aj or
R e s ervati on c on structi on pr oj e ct s:
( Continue d on page 4)
�(3 )
E
D
I
·T
0
R
I
A
L
S
THE MA INE IND IAN NBdSLETTER
ED ITOR
The Maine Indi an N ew s lett er
and i s fr ee.. o f c har ge.
•
•
•
E UGEN IA T. TH OMPS ON
(Pe no b s cot )
i s Maine' s only st at e-wi d e In di an n ews lett er ,
N ews and �tori e s may b e submitt e d tq the N ew s le�t er b y t h e 15th o f e ac h
month for pub li c ation at t h e fo l lowi ng addr e s s :
Pi ne Str e et
Fr e e port , Maine
0 4032
(Te le phone :
8 65-4253 )
L ett er s to the E ditor ar e w e lcom e b ut must con for m to the rul e s
r e quir e d b y e v er y N ewspap er . T h e y must b e ar t h e writ er' s corr e ct name
and addr e s s a lt ho u gh p e n name s ar e per mitt e d at t he discretion o f t h e
E ditor . A l l lett er s must b e si gne d t ho ugh name s will b e wit hhel d from
p ub lication o n r e que st . Pr e fer e n c e wi ll b e gi ven to lett er s not over 35 0
wor ds i n ...l en gth .
Lett er s are s ubj e ct to cond e n s ation or e diti n g when s p ac e
limitations r e q uir e and to corr e ction o f gr am, er or ob viou s error s .
A START
•
•
•
W h e n the 102nd L e gi s lat ur e e st ab li s h e d the Mai n e D e par.tment o f
Indi an A f fair s , it appe ar e d a s t ho u gh t her e was le gi s lativ e int e nt to
do somethi n g for the I n di an s aft er all t h e s e ye ar s .
It di d not app e ar
as t ho u gh le gi s l at ur e want e d to k e e p t h e Indi ans as t h e y wer e , b ut want e d
It wi ll tak e a r e stor
t o h e lp po lis h th eir prid e a s ori ginal Am eri ca n s.
ation i n the b ud get (part I I ) t h at was pr e s ent e d b y the Departm e nt of
I ndian A f fair s to mak e a st art in r e- b ui ldi ng a herit age o f which we
c an a ll f e e l a part .
With the last two ye ar s o f planni n g b e hind the new d epartm e nt
o f layi ng t h e gro undwork , s ur e ly it wo uld b e ni c e to t hi nk o f t h e 103r d
L e gi s lat ur e as making a start in getting t hings done for t h e I ndi ans .
T h e b ud get r e qu e st s for e xpandi n g s er vi c e s s u c h as n ew per sonne l to
as si st in provi d•ihg· ad e quat e po li c e , fir e prot ection, wat e -r and s ewer a ge
syst e ms and in t h e constr uction o f home s, ar e a start .
Your s upport o f t h e b ud get propo s als wil l gain the att e ntion o f
mem b er s of le gi s lat ur e who wi l l b e li st e ni n g t o yo ur opi nion . S e e page i l
under Indi an Af fair s B udg et H e aring, for instr uction on gi ving yp ur s upport .
LE T T E R S
.(Ed. not e : The fo l lowi n g l ett er was s e nt to t h e Mai n e I n di an N ew s lett er
from Go v. John St e v e ns , as t hi s copy o f t h e l ett er was s emt to him . )
R aymond F . S ar ge nt , Inc.
G e ne r a l Contractor
P . O .Bo x 539
El lsworth , Mai ne
Re :
Co l lection Tr e atme nt Expansion and Tr e atm e nt
Faci lit y P eter D ana Point , I ndi an Townshi p ,
Pri n c eton , Maine
D ear Sir:
T hi s l ett e r i s i n r e s po n s e to the conv er s ation we had at D ana Point
on J�ly 27 , 19 6 6 r e gardi n g prob l em s we mi ght e n count er duri n g t h e �onsttirctio
(Continu e d on page 4 )
�(4)
NEW
T it l e
a)
b)
c)
d)
SERVICE S
NO SERVI CES
(Cont in ue d fr om page 2
St at e
Fun d s R eq u e st e d
Pleasant P o int S ew erage S y st e m
$ 129,900
Pleasant P o int W at er S ystem
38,000
P e t' er· D an a P o int W at er Syst e m
73,800
Pen ob s c ot W at er & S e wer age System
63 , 000
--..-.
S u bt ot als
��
�-
$304,700
e)
f)
g)
h)
Peter Dan a P o int C oillJ'.ll un it y B l d g . $
Pen ob s c ot C omm un it y B u i ldin g
Pr in c et on " Str ip" S ewerage S yst e m
Pr in c et on " Str ip'' W at er Syst e m
S u bt otals
34,ooo
35,100
62,200
72,700
Fe d eral
Funds Ant i c ip at e d
$ 109, 000
30,000
60,900
51,800
$251,700
$
29:300
30,300
50,200
59,600
$204,ooo
Tot al s
$169,400
$508,700
$421,100
The st at e r e c omm en d s that the f irst f our pr oj e ct s be list e d quit e
" h i gh" i n t h e o v erall St at e C on str uct i on B ud get . I f t he s e .:_Jroje ct s r ew ain
in this p os it i on in t h e St at e C on str uct i on B udget , th er e is a good chan c e
that t h e y w il l b e fun de d .
H ow e v er, t h e st at e r e c omm ends pla c in g the last four pr oject s list e d
av ove v er y " l ow" in t h e overall St at e C on str uct i on B udget. I f the s e pr o
j e ct s remain in this p o s it i on in t he Stat e C on str uct ion B ud get , it is
extr em e ly unl ik el y that the y wi l l b e f un de d . ( Se e pag e 11 f or mor e d et ai l
o n t h e l os s o f f e d eral f unds as w e l l as the h ous in g pr oj e ct f or the " Str ip".
(Ed. n ot e:
Y o ur h e lp as inter e st e d in divi duals , an d organ iz at i ons in
s upport im g t h e M a ine In dian t o r e st or e the expan d e d s erv ic e s t o the budget
o f t he D e partment of In dian A f fair s w o uld be appr e c i at e d . )
(L E T T E R S )
(Ccnt i� u e d fr om page 3 )
on t h e ab ove c apt i on e d pr oj e ct .
On this pr oj e ct as on an y c on str uct i on
pr oj e ct w e have enc o unt er e d var i ous pr ob lem s . As the s e pr ob lems m at er ial
iz e d, the en gin e er in g f irm of Wr i ght , Pier c e, B arn e s & W ym an have d on e an
ex c e l lent j ob o f r e ct i fyin g the pr oblems � ithout an y de lay t o us on the
proj e ct .
S e c on d ly I w ould l ik e t o st ate that G ov ern or J ohn St e ven s and the
pe ople at D an a P oint hav e b e en v er y c o operat iv e dur in g the c our s e o f the
c onstr uct i on. On m ost of our pr oj e ct s we en c ounter a gr e at d e al o f vandal
ism, s u c h as t h e ft an d damage of mat er ia l an d e q uipment . T h is has n ot b e en
the case at D an a P o int . In fact we have mis p la c e d num er o us .t o ol s , e q uipmen t
et c . dur in g t h e c o urs e o f c onstr uct i on on the pr oj e ct which w er e foun d by t he
p e ople at D an a P o int and r et urn e d t o us . Very un usual in de e d .
An other p o int I would lik e to mak e is in r e gar ds t o the lab or f or c e at
D an a P o int. On s e v er al o f o ur pr oj e ct s we hav e f o un d a s h ortage of l o c al
lab or . At D an a P o int w e w er e ab l e t o f in d en o u gh l o c al lab or o f the c alib er
ne e d e d t o d o most phas es o f the pr oj e ct. In fact w e hav e had tw o m en·fr om
D an a P o in t that w er e ex c e pt i on a l w ork ers.
I have t a lk e d w it h man y pe ople who hav e a gr e at mis c on c e pt i on o f t he
pe ople at D an a Po int. I w ould have t o s ay aft er b e c omin g b ett er ac quaint e d
with t h e pe ople an d t h e ir pr ob lems at D ana P oint th e y ar e in n o w ay d i ff er eL
( C ont in ue d on page 16)
�(5)
MEET YOUR INDIAN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE
The present 103rd Legislature in February appointed a Joint Select Com
mit tee on Indian Affairs "to handle the heavy load of bills pertaining to
Indian Affairs" expected during the current session.
An Indian Affairs Committee of the legislature was in existence from at
least 1917 through 1949.
In 1951, following a report by the Legislative
Research Committee, the total number of legislative committees was reduced from
41 to 23, and the Indian Affairs Committee was one of those eliminated.
During the 102nd legislative session, 19 bills pertaining to Indians were
introduced, and were referred to 7 different rommittees of the legislature.
With this number of committees holding hearings on Indian Affairs bills, it
was difficult for Indians or others to be present at all the hearings to offer
testimony on the bills.
The Newsletter is pleased that the 103rd Legislature has recognized these
problems and has created an Indian Affairs Committee once again.
The estab
lishment of this committee will certainly make it easier for the Legislature
to collect testimony on the many important Indian Aff�irs bills which are being
presented to it.
The Indian Affairs Committee (like all legislative committees} is composed
of three Senators and seven Representatives.
The membership is listed below;
the biographical information is taken from the special publication of the Daily
Kennebec Journal for the 103rd Legislature.
MEMBERS
Senator Herald J. Beckett (Committee Chairman)
Born in Eastport.
5 Key Street, Eastport, Washington County.
Age 70.
Republican.
Congregational.
Married.
Insurance Agent, Real Estate Broker.
Educated in Eastport schools, U.S.Army Mechanical School.
Member, Eastport
Republican Committee 30 ye rs; Republican State Committee 10 years; finance
chairman, Republican County Committee one year.
Washington County Commissioner,
1937-1966; chairman of board 1956-1966.
Senator Theodore S. Curtis
23 Main Street, Orono, Penobscot County.
Age 66.
Born in Freeport.
Republican.
Protestant.
Married, four children.
Educated University of
Maine, B. S.
Faculty manager of Athletics, Emeritus.
Member, Orono planning
board.
Member, State Executive Committee and State Camp Committee, Y�M. C. A.
Past president, New England College Conference on Intercollegiate Athletics.
Past secretary-treasurer Yankee Conference and New England Intercollegiate
Athletic Association.
Trustee, Lee Academy.
Member, Maine Natural Resource
Council, Masons, Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity.
Senator Frank Norris
West Peru, Oxford County.
Age 57.
Born Lithuania.
Democrat.
Mar
ried, 3 children.
Educated Mexico, Peru & Dixfield High School.
Member
School Committee.
Selectman.
Past Democratic Town Chairman and County Trea
surer of the Democratic Party.
Member Peru Town Committee.
Member of the
102nd Legislature.
Representative Catherine Carswell
26 Panoramic View Drive, Portland, Cumberland County.
Age 44.
Born
Brighton, Mass.
Democrat.
Catholic.
Married.
Licensed cosmetology in
structor and owner of Suburban Beauty Salon.
Educated in Portland parochial
(Continued on Page 6)
�(6)
(Continued from Page S)
MEMBERS
•
.
.
.
and public school systems.
Graduate of Portland High School, Golden School
of Beauty Culture in Portland.
Member of Mental Health Task Force, Maine
Council of Social Agencies, Portland League of Women Voters and Business and
Professional Women's Club of Portland.
Member of Portland Democratic City
Committee.
Organizer and past president of ,Saint Catherine Guild of Saint
Joseph's Home for Aged Women.
Member Cumberland Democratic Women's Club.
Member of Health and Institutional Services Committee and Retirement and Pensions·
Committee.
House chairman, Health and Institutional Services Committee.
House chairman, Retirements and Pensions Committee.
Member, Legislative Re
search Committee - 102nd Legislature.
Elected to 98th, 99th, lOOth and 102nd
Legislatures.
Representative Warren H. Cookson
RFD No. 1, Bangor, Penobscot County.
and 102nd Legislatures.
Republie an.
Member of the lOlst
Representative Nicholas W. Danton
12 Milliken Street, Old Orchard Beach, York County.
Age 47.
Born in
Biddeford.
Democrat.
Greek Orthodox.
Married.
Attorney.
Educated
Biddeford High School, Roosevelt Aviation School, Mineola, N.Y., Hawthorn School
of Aeronautics, Orangeburg, S.C. , Portland Junior College, Portland University.
Member of Old Orchard Democratic Town Committee, York County Democratic Committee.
Member of 102nd Legislature.
Representative William E. Dennett
185 Rogers Road, Kittery, York County.
Age 58.
Born in Portsmouth, N. H.
Republican.
Protestant.
Married, two children.
Insurance and Real Estate.
Educated at Portsmouth, N.H., Elementary and High Schools.
Selectman Town of
Member of the House 94th, 95th, 96th, 99th, lOOth and lOlst Legis
Kittery.
latures.
Representative Neal A. Jannelle
Born in Portland.
Ferry Road, Scarborough, Cumberland County.
Age 37.
Republican.
Congregationalist.
Married, four children.
Educat�d at Scar
borough public schools, (CED) courses University of Maine, Portland.
Building
contractor,
Licensed Real Estate Broker.
Nine years selectman, assessor of
Scarborough; chairman for two years.
Served on several local boards and
committees.
Member of the Lions.
·
Representative Frank J. Miliano
11 South Street, Eastport, Washington County.
Age
39.
Bor n in Long
Former Eastport
Retail rrerchant.
Catholic.
Republican.
Ysrnber Arrerican Legion, Eastport Fire Departrr.ent, Republican
Chief of Police.
Island, N.Y.
Town Committee.
Representative Raymond M. Rideout, Jr.
Age 41.
Born in Portland.
I".anchester, Kennebec County.
Repub lican.
Educated at Universit y of :Maine, B�A.
Ma.rried, four childre n.
Protestant.
Alderman and Mayor, City of Hal lowell.
in Business Administration.
of World W�� II, Combat Engineers, ETO.
Veteran
The Newsletter congratulates these legislators on their Committee assign
zrent and is confident that they will give thoughtful consideration to al l
Indian legisla�ive natters, both on the Committee and in the House and Senate.
�(7)
PINE RIDGE MOCCASINS
In February, 1967, the Dakota Moccasin Company is expected to begin
operations on the Pine Ridge Reservation at the southeast end of Pine Ridge
town.
It is expected that the company will employ 75-100 people.
Initial
production is expected to reach 250 pairs of moccasins per day, with a max
imum of 2,000 pairs a day at its peak production.
Six workers began training December 1st and from this group will come
the plant foreman.
Lake Church Leather Products of Belgium, Wisconsin, is
the parent company of Dakota Moccasin and it will supply the manager.
(From Indian Times, Denver, Colorado, December 1966)
A NEW DAY FOR THE AMERICAN INDIAN
By Hubert H. Humphrey
Vice President, The United States of America
(Continued from January Newsletter)
Fortunately, Indian resistance is breaking down.
Fears and mistrust
by the older generation are giving way as younger men and women, who have had
access to long.er schooling, bring new experiences and new views to their
tribal communities.
Over the past hundred years - although not intensively until passage
of the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 - the U. S. Bureau of Indian Affairs
has been in the business of education.
At first it attempted to teach only
Eventually the Bureau expanded its
the simple trades and farming skills.
outlook on Indian education to provide elementary, secondary and vocational
training.
But Federal schools until fairly recent years were often the
Over the past decade, however,
only non-sectarian schools open to Indians.
there has been steady exodus of Indian children from Federal to local
public school enrollment, as public school districts have been established
on or near reservations.
In some instances, the Federal and local schools
pool resources to operate a cooperative school for Indians and non-Indians.
And still the average reservation adult of middle age has less than a
fifth grade education, and many are totally illiterate in English.
Only a
few hundred Indian high school graduates of last year have gone on to college
this Fall.
The habit of higher education has not yet taken a firm hold.
Family income among the reservation dwellers still falls far below the
$3,000 floor which the Office of Economic Opportunity calls the "poverty line,"
although new housing programs and comm9nity development.programs are making
some inroads.
Indian health is improving as the Public Health Service
expends its network of hospitals, outpatient services and mobile clinics.
But there are still too mariy disease-borne deaths and the infant mortality
rate is still considerably higher than the national average.
The Indian
birth rate doubles the national average.
The Indian population is growing
at a rate so fast that the land base of the reservation can no longer support
the people.
To put the land base to new uses, industries seeking locations for plant
expansion are being urged to explore Indian locales, with the Bureau of
Indian Affairs offering on-the-job training for Indian workers.
Their
manual dexterity and aptitude for precision work is earning for Indians a
first-rate reputation among specialized industries such as electronics.
At the same time the Bureau is encouraging Indians to move off the
less promising reservations and into industrial centers where work opportun
ities are more plentiful.
A package program - vocational t�aining and job
placement, with all expenses paid for trainee and family - has lured about
50,000 Indians into successful urban living in the past ten years
(Continued on Page 8)
•
•
•
•
•
�(8)
(Continued from Page 7)
A NEW DAY
•
•
•
•
The paternalistic approach is good no longer.
In its worst manifes
tations, it resulted in a culture of poverty; even at best, it encouraged
a dependency approach to life.
Instead, we must foster active participation
by the Indian people in all affairs that affect their own welfare and the
well-being of the nation as a whole.
Until this happens, Federal agencies and Federal laws can be only half
effective.
What then is our goal?
Justice and opportunity for our Indian fellow
citizens, so that no longer will they be a "colony of strangers."
(From The Optimist Magazine, November, 1966)
DID YOU KNOW THAT
Marc E. Widdiss, Wampanoag, son of Mr. and Mrs. Leonard D. Widdiss, 172 School
Street, Wayland, Mass., now: is a sophomore at the University of Massachusetts,
in Amherst?
INDIAN ACT " 'IYRANNY " SAYS CHIEF PAUL
Canadian Indians are still being exposed to political tyranny by the
limitations of the (Canadian) Indian Act, said a spokesman for the National
Indian Advisory Board in Winnipeg.
Phillip Paul, chief of the Tsartlip Tribe at Brentwood Bay, Vancouver
Island, said most Canadian Indian bands want more autonomy from the federal
government.
" The Indian Act, as it's geared now, seems to take initiative away from
�he Indian, " he said.
"We seem to be under political tyranny."
Mr. Paul was commenting on discussions of the board, which held its
third meeting in Winnipeg in December.
The board, established a year ago,
is made up of 18 Indian leade�s from across Canada and it met twice before
in Ottawa.
Mr. Paul said most of the board members want some of the powers now
held by th� minister for Indian affairs transferred to the Indian band councils.
"The Indian Act is full of•powers for the minister," he said.
"It says
the minister may do this and has the power to do that, but it gives very
little authority to the Indians to govern their own affairs. "
He said the main problem of most bands is the financial situation of
the reserves, but that no solution can be found until changes in the Indian
Act allow the bands to develop a broader financial base for their reserves.
The board, set up to advise the federal government in matters of
national importance in the administration of Indian affairs, has been studying
possible amendments to the Indian Act
(From Indian Record, Winnipeg, Canada, January 1967)
•
•
•
•
FEDERAL INDIAN BUREAU TRANSFER URGED
By William M. Blair
WASHINGTON - A presidential task force has recommended that the Bureau
of Indian Affairs be transferred from the Department of the Interior to the
Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
The administration is under
stood to be considering sending the proposal to Congress, where it is certain
to touch off a fight.
Signal flags of opposition already are flying on
Capitol Hill.
The group named by President Johnson more than a year ago to study the
(Continued on Page 9)
·
�(9)
FEDERAL INDIAN BUREAU ••
(Continued
from Page
• • .
8)
Indian problem found th�t Indian difficulties were fund.:iErrBntally educmtionail
As.. one
s:ociaJ. problems amd fitted more brocrdly into H.E. w. programs.
informed aoUJ:rCe commented,, uH.E.W. is more people-oriented,,"
The Interior
amch
view; is that the Indiansr
nattural resources should be developad to provide
them with wider opportunities,
Tha Sec�y of the Interior,
stavmirt L. Udall,
�sked �bout the group's irecommendC!l.tions.
a:ire working on
a
had 11.no comrnent11 when
He and Indian Affa:irs officials
legislative program of ruq:>anded aid thmt would enable
Indians to mana:ge more of their own OBffairs and davelop their Jlai!ld resourcen.
Dis:.closure of the task foree recomrrendation came when Rep. Wa;yne N.
Aspinall, D-Colo., who i� chad.rman of the House Interior Committee, expressed
atrong opposition art a_ committee meeting with Indian a£fairs officiails.
11Just as s o on CES a:nyb�dy in the Unite.ct Staates,11 he said, "decides to
place Indians in the aan:e position� other beneficiaries of H.E.w., then
When Indians become 11beneficiaries of welfare
Itm oppoood to it,11• he saU.d.
in H.E.w.,11 he added, 11the u.s. had better ]ook to its hole itard.11
Rep. Jares A. HaJley, D-Ala:., and chairman of the cominitteat s sub
committee on Indian affairs, said tha.t Aspinal].ts views "'p.Il'etty much
expressed the view s of the subcommittee.11
Furthermore, he added, H.E.w.
11haiantt done too good a. jo b on thait ( welfare ) with the money theytve had.11
AapiJa.11 brought up the JPrOpos:ed transfer as. Robert Le Bennett, Ce�
i
.missioner of Indian Affains, and his assistants prepared to review Indian
progl"ams and legislation for the panel.
The study group
wcrs
R.
The Coloradian said he wished to
discuss the proposal but Assistant Se<tretary Hairry
11we prefer not to get into it at this time."
headed by Dr. Walsh
Anderson told him
¥cDermott1
Fa.:rrand Livingston
professor of Heail.th and Plreventive M:ldicine at New York Hospit� - Cornell
M:ldietal Center.
Indians were in the group.
of the Indians.
It also re-commended tha..t ·funds be tripled to bring Indians
The group reported that the transfer sholJld be effeeted with the consent
into the mainstream of American ]ife with broad educartional. program&..
(From the Bangor Da:i. ly News, 1/2.8/67)
(Editorts
The N�tionaJ. Congress of AITBrican Indians, CBt its
Note:
1966
annu�l
meeting, passed a resolution opposing tha t ransfer of Indiam educ�ion res
ponsibility from the Dept. of the Interior to the Dept. of Heailth, Educa tiom
and Welfare. )
INDIAN ISLAND FIFTH GRADERS vrsrr UNIVERSITY
It ·was a big day when
25
fifth graders from the Indian Island school
in Old Tewn were taken on a tour of the University of M.:linets barns at Orono
by the Student Aetion Corps, ro. community service campus, organization.
The
hour-long field trip was p:Ianned by Old Town School Superintendent Philip c.
LibbyJ the teacher,
Scarborough.
(From
Sister
Mary
Norma; and UM atudent Valerie Lamont of
The reactions were those of discovery for sone of the pupils.
the Portland Sunday Telegram,
l/29/67)
CURTIS CONFERS WITH HATHAWAY
A UGUSTA
( AP )
I
- Gov. Curtis conferred for an hour here with u.s.Rep . Wil�
gressman, Peter Kyros•••• In ro statement issued after Mondayts conference, the
liam D. Hathaway, then set up a· meeting for Tuesday with Yainets other con
governor's office sai.d ••• they also discussed the status of Yaine's Indian
schools under civil rights la�s.
(From
the Portland Press Herald,
2/14/67)
�(10)
ESTHER LOUISE SABATTUS WEDS RAPHAEL SOCABASIN
PRINCETON - A February 11th ceremony united in marriage Miss Esther
Louise Sabattus, daughter of Albert Sabattus of Pleasant Point and the late
Alice Sabattus, and Raphael Socabasin, son of Mr. and Mrs. Lola Socabasin of
Peter Dana Point.
St. Anne's Church, Princeton, was the setting for the ceremony.
Offic
iating was the Rev. Maurice Lemlin.
Sister Thomasine was organist and Mrs.
Joseph Deschene, soloist.
Escorted by her father, the bride wore a gown of white bridal satin,
with a bodice of scalloped chantilly lace.
Scalloped lace finished the
hemline of the skirt, which ended in a chapel-length train of lace.
Her
veil of lace-trimmed imported silk illusion fell from a miniature Danish
crown of pearls and crystal drops.
She wore a double strand of cultured
pearls, �nd pearl drop earrings, and she carried a missal and white rosebuds.
Miss Betty Stevens was maid of honor.
Miss Laura Nicholas was junior
bridesmaid and Miss Romona Nicholas was flower girl.
The maid of honor wore a powder blue satin brocade street-length dress
fashioned like the bride's gown.
The junior bridesmaid's dress was of rose
brocade.
They carried colonial bouquets of porns in colors matching their
dr�sses.
The flower girl wore a floor-length dress of white satin brocade.
Patrick Socabasin was best man.
Ushers were Harry Stevens and Stuart
Tomah of Peter Dana Point.
After the ceremony, a reception was held at the Lion's Club meeting hall.
Assisting were Mrs. Blanche Moore, Mrs. Ramona Stanley, Mrs. Robert Wheaton,
Also, Miss Anna Lola of Pleasant
and Mrs. Marie Borsovsky of Robinston.
Point, Mrs. Vergie Johnson and Mrs. Bert Tuttle.
The bride.attended St. Mary's School and John Bapst High School, Bangor.
The groom attended schools at Peter Dana Point and Princeton.
He is employed
by St. Croix Company.
They will reside at Peter Dana Point.
(From the Bangor Daily News, 2/17/67.
Eoitor's note: A very attractive
full-length photograph of Mrs. Socabasin in her bridal gown accompanied the stor}.)
ESKIMO-INDIAN LAND RIGHTS
•
•
•
•
The clash between developers and conservationists over the (Alaska)
Rampart Dam project is only one aspect of the broader struggle for control of
tPe land, a struggle that beclouds Alaska's centennial year.
When the state
hood law was enacted, 99. 8 per cent of the land was still owned by the federal
Under provisions of the statehood act, Alaska was given twenty
government.
five years to select more than 104 million acres from the federal public domain.
Now Eskimooand Indians are attempting to block the state selection by
pressing their aboriginal rights to vast tracts of Alaska, including the Arctic
Slope and the Yukon Flats.
(The 1867 Treaty of Cession failed to define the
entitlement of natives to the lands they were using and occupying, and Congress
to this date has ducked the issue. )
In their claim to the Arctic Slope and its potential oil wealth, the
Eskimos use an argument that should appeal to all conservationists.
Noting
the white man's proclivity· for despoiling the land and polluting the rivers, the
Eskimos warn that the oil explorations might kill fish and disrupt the migration
Sam Taalak, president of the Arctic Slope Native Association,
of caribou.
We must prepare for
told a visitor to Barrow last summer: " Let me be blunt.
the day when our children may have to live by hunting again.
I tell you, this
We ·run out of game animals and we will hit the relief
is a harsh country.
rolls pretty hard. " . .. .
(From the Saturday Review of Literature, 1/7/67)
�(11)
SPECIAL AMERICAN INDIAN CALENDARS
for 1967 are now available from American Indian Calendar, 79 Emerson Street,
Denver, Colorado 80218.
The calendars, which cost $2.00 each for 1 to 25,
or $1.40 each in quantities over 25, are illustrated with photographs of var
ious Indian crafts, include significant quotations from past and present Indian
leaders, and indicate many important dates in national Indian history.
INDIAN AFFAIRS BUDGET HEARING
The Budget Hearing for the Department of Indian Affairs' Part II (new
services) and Construction budgets will be held in Room 228, State House,
Augusta, on Thursday, March 16th, from 10:45 - 11:30 A. M.
Individuals, or persons representing groups or agencie� tha� wish to
support the Department's budget requests for new services and construction
could bring or send a written statement to be left with the Chairman of the
Legislative Committee on Appropriations:
Senator Richard N. Berry, Chairman
Committee on Appropriations & Financial Affairs
103rd Legislature, State House
Augusta, Maine 043 30
Members of the general public who are able to attend the hearing will certainly
be given a chance to indicate their feelings by briefly stating their name and
opinion, or by rising at the end of the hearing when called upon by the Chairman.
The Part II Budget request is for funds (in addition to existing funds)
with which the Department would finance new positions, services and programs.
The Department's requests for new funds total $117,293 for 1967-68, and
$146,022 for 1968-69.
The State's recommendations for new funds total $30,000
for each of the two years.
The difference between these figures represents
the presently-recommended "cuts" in the Department's Part II budget; these
"cuts" amount to $87,292 for '67-'68, and $116,022 for 168-'69.
None of the recommended $60,000 for the two-year period involved new State
personnel positions, and the Department feels this shortage would have a par
ticularly damaging effect on plans to upgrade Tribal Constables, administer
Reservation housing programs, and increase field office staff.
The Departm� nt's Construction requests are for funds to provide 50% of
the cost of various major construction projects on the three Reservations. The
Department anticipates receiving the remaining 50% proje·ct costs from various
Federal cost-sharing programs.
Current State construction priorities place Pleasant Point water-and-sewage,
Peter Dana Point water, and Penobscot water-and-sewage projects "high" on the
priority list.
Princeton "Strip" water-and-sewage, Penobscot community build
ing, and Peter Dana Point community building projects are very "low" on the
The Department feels that lack of funds for water-and-sewage
priority list.
construction at the "Strip'' will make it impossible to include the " Strip" in
anticipated new housing programs.
PENOBSCOT & PASSAMAQUODDY PUBLIC PRESENTATION
·
Penobscot
Governor John M. Mitchell and Indian Township
Passamaquoddy Governor John Stevens jointly addressed the February meeting of
the Frankl�n Chapter, American Association of University Women, in Farmington,
on February 17th.
Topic of the program was: "The Legislative Problems of the
Maine Indians.''
Governors Mitchell and Stevens, as well as Pleasant Point Passamaquoddy
Governor Joseph Mitchell were invited to address a public meeting held at
Bowdoin College on February 20th, with Indian Affairs Commissioner Hinckley.
Bad weather that night prevented the Governors' attendance at the meeting.
�(12)
LONG LAKE CAMPGROUND
The Maine Department of Forest Service has just issued an attractive
The
brochure on the Long Lake Campground of the Indian Township Reservation.
pamphlet describes the location and facilities of the campground, as well as
the facility's regulations and procedures to be followed in making campsite
reservations.
Copies of the "Long Lake Campground" pamphlet may be obtained free-of
charge by writing: Campsite Coordinator, Maine Dept. of Forest Service, State
House, Augusta, Maine 04330.
(See article on Page 1, December 1966 Newsletter.)
RED TAPE
(A charred fragment of deerskin was recently excavated by the Plymouth
County, Massachusetts, Archaeological Society on the site of an early seven
It bore curious inscriptions, apparently
teenth century Algonquin encampment.
hasty' notes made by a volunteer secretary in primitive spcedwriting.
A crude
translation follows:)
Sachem
Warriors squaws Algonquin Village Association come to order.
cast one vote accept unread minutes last powwow.
Special meeting: zoning.
Problem: Impending population explosion, increased real estate values,
substandard housing, litterbugs, river pollution, junkpiles, infiltration un
American types.
Zoning essential preserve character community.
Samoset say: First white man come, OK.
We give fish, corn.
He come
back, bring friends.
Wrong color, strange gods.
Wise men read omens.
See
PTA, DAR, ESP, AT&T, LSD, SEC, DDT, BPOE, A&P, RCA, Radcliffe, Trailer, barbecue,
power mower.
Eat outdoors, go bathroom indoors.
Bikini, rock'n'roll corrupt
papoose.
Stop before too late.
Move 1,000-acre zoning.
Amendment: 2,000-acres.
Yak yak yak.
Appoint study committee.
(From Saturday Review of Literature, 2/11/67, by Harland Manchester)
INDIANS HAVE THEIR PRIDE
by William M. Clark
My two year residence in Princeton, years ago, certainly doesn't qualify
me to suggest specific ways to upgrade the social, economic, and educational
status of the Maine Indians who live near that town.
It serves only to make me realize that the ways must be specific, not
generalized pressures toward some pattern visualized by a proponent of regimen
tation.
The Indians who live at Peter Dana Point, near Princeton, are Passama
quoddies.
We had a few of them in high school.
He visited out at the point.
We liked them.
I think some of them liked us, but about this I am not posi
tive....My memories of the Peter Dana Point Indians involve a few things I'd
like to pass along.
The first one is that the Indians held tightly to their pride in a past
racial greatness.
They kept alive certain skills and lore that had been
handed down to them with their culture.
They had a superb sense of humor.
Most of their jokes were subtle, but they enjoyed them immensely.
They were
constantly surrounded by dogs, amazing numbers of dogs.
I'm sure they never
abused them and they never abused their children either, except unknowingly
in a kind of innocent neglect.
All this may sound like too poetic a description of a group of people
who were living in deprivation.
But we were all living ·in deprivation.
How
else could we live when the sawmill was paying $18 a week
! don't think
(Continued on Page 13)
.
I
.
•
•
�(13)
(Continued from Page 12)
there were over six bathrooms in Princeton.
I know we didn't have one.
So deprivation didn't enter into the picture except in one way.
The
Indians· weren't as concerned about the lack of THINGS as the rest of us were.
Their drives took different forms.
The plea I'm making today is for a remembrance of difference.
This
is not the same as a suggestion of inequality.
The mass planners seem to
have trouble understanding that.
It is past time for many things in Maine, but we can't go back and
predate our activities.
We've been too slow in extending the sincere hand
of genuine helpfulness to the Maine Indians
There's no sense in sobbing.
Action is what is needed.
In the case
of the Indians, though, that action must not take the form of bludgeoning
them into a pattern that the bureaucrats decree is universally beneficial.
Planned "improvement'1 must be adjusted to conform to the Maine Indians'
desire to preserve identity.
The Great Society concept of a·path tcward
the perfect life is a generality.
To order the Indian to fellow it, for
saking his own culture, would put one more mark on his blackboard of bitterness.
This dictated dogmatism that destroys differences is what I fear, be
cause we are becoming so tolerant of ruthless regimentation.
(From the Portland Press-Herald, 2/6/67)
.
•
•
.
MALISEET TRIBE TO GET NEW VILLAGE
WOODSTOCK, N.B. (AP) - The white man's need for hydroelectric power is
driving a band of Maliseet Indians from their village established along the
St. John River near here more than 270 years ago.
However, the New Brunswick Electric Power Commission and the federal
Indian affairs branch are cooperating with the Indians to provide the band
with a new village which will cost more than $187,000
The new village will comprise 17 new homes and the relocation of three
recently-constructed buildings on a gently rolling hill about three miles
south of here.
Streets, sewage and water lines are being built and a sewage
treatment system using a new process will be installed.
Members of the Maliseet band decided on the type of houses in the devel
Once occupied, the homes
opment and will be given certificates of ownership.
cannot be sold to anyone but members of the band.
It is expected that the
school building, largely unused since Indian children were integrated into the
provincial school system, will be converted for use as a community center
(From the Portland Press-Herald, 2/9/67)
.
•
•
•
.
•
.
.
.
MISCELLANEOUS
Wilma Louise Victor, a Choctaw Indian and the Bureau of Indian Affairs'
top-ranking woman educator, has been selected as one of the six women in
Government to receive the coveted 1967 Federal Woman's Award.
The Bureau of Indian Affairs, Washington, D. C., has named a 16-man Nati'.m
al Indian Education Advisory Committee.
15 members are Tribal leaders; all
are Indians.
Tribal membership includes Pima-Maricopa, Apache, Sioux, Choctaw,
Hopi, Alaskan, Papago, Creek, Pueblos, Navajo, Paiute and Cheyenne.
An article on Maine Indians appears in Hi Way magazine, March 1967, pub
lished for teen-agers by the United Presbyterian Church (WitherF-poon Building,
Philadelphia, Pa. 19107) .
Alvin Josephy, Jr., and Mitchell A. Wilder are two newly-appointed mem
bers of the U.S. Department of the Interior's Indian Arts and Crafts Board.
They replace Rene d'Harnoncourt and Erich Kohlberg.
�FIRST LOOK REVEALS NO INDIAN SCHOOL SEnRBiATION .
By Bob Drew
.
.
.
.
.
•
.
•
OLD TOWN-A federal education team investigating alleged discrimination in Indian
schools on three reservations in Maine gave some indications here Monday that they
found no major evidence of a Civil Rights law violation, but at the same time
cautioned against any premature conclusions as to the ultimate findings.
Members of the Penobscot Indian Tribe, obviously concerned about the matter1
were told at a tribal meeting Monday evening by Charles Bechtold of the Boston Re
gional Office of the United States Office of �ucation that "I do not see segre
gation in the Island school." However, Bechtold told approximately 60 people at
Tribal Hall that the federal group was only on a fact-finding mission, and would
not maKe any final determinations.
Bechtold, John Lagomarcino, a civil rights attorney with the United States
Health, Education and Welfare Department, and Edward Snyder, a civil rights speci
alist with the Equal Educational Opportunities program of HEW, have been sent to
Maine by HEW to determine whether or not claims that reservation schools at Old
Town, Perry and Princeton are discriminatory in that their pupils are mostly In
dians.
Lagomarcino said a final decision on the matter could be expected, probably
within four to six weeKs
"I think you'll see that this is handled rather
promptly," he told the NEWS.
Tribal officials will be informed of the findings
at the same time that state officials are, he said.
Federal officials came to Maine a week ago at the behest of Gov.
Curtis after the discrimination charges arose.
Kenneth M.
Indian spoKesman here, for the most part, were highly critical of the actions
of ��ine Education Commissioner William T. Logan Jr., Monday night, when they said
there were indications there had been talk about closing the Indian schools prior
to the time the State Education Department took over their operation from the
Maine Department of Health and Welfare.
Some of those present requested that the federal team disclose \/ho had made
the complaints about discrimination, but this the visitors said they were unable to
do.
Lagomarcino said it came to the attention of the federal officials as a re
sult of sommunication and correspondence between the Maine Department of Education
and the United States Of!ice of Education.
Other speaKers from the floor suggested that there was no sense in trying to
find a "goat" but merely settle the problem.
Bechtold emphasized that the federal team was only gathering facts which it
would submit to higher authorities in Washington.
"The federal government does not have the authority to close the Indian
schools," he declared.
He added:
"Yes, the government could hold bacK federal
funds from the state, but the facts here don't point in that direction."
Bechtold
stressed that closing the Indian schools was a responsibility of the state, not of
the federal government.
"For myself, I see no problem," he declared.
Snyder told the group, "We can't tell you what the Comm\bS.sion of Education
( U.S. )
is going to say."
A woman from the floor asked the question:
"If the state decides to close
our schools, can the Federal government help us Keep them open?"
Lagomarcino replied that to the best of his Knowledge the matter had never
been discussed.
"I don't Know," he replied, but indicated that it was doubtful.
The Washington attorney said at one point that only certain federal funds
would be withheld from Maine if it were found to be in violation, rather than all
of them.
Tribal Gov.
John Mitchell, who conducted the meeting, promised his people that
"as your governor, I shall carry this through."
plause�
(Continued
He received a large round of ap
on Page 15
)
�(15 )
IND IAN SEGRfilATION. .
(Continued from Page 14 )
. . NO SCHOOL
Other speaker� inc luded Indian Rep. John Nelson ,
Pierre ,
Ernest Goslin ,
Fr .
Romeo St.
who gave a report of a meeting between Federal offic ials and Indian repre
_sentatives and others at Augusta last weeK,
and S chool Superintendent ,
State Rep .
Warren Cookson of Glenburn
Philip Libby of Old Town .
The Federal team spent most of Monday visiting the Indian school here and
t alking with teachers and others as well as with Libby .
Tuesday , �he team will move into Washington County where they w i ll vis i t the
reservation at Princeton and meet with tribal leaders and others that evening.
Wednesday , they will visit the Pleasant Point reservation and have another
evening meeting with tribal leaders .
In each instanc e ,
the superintendents,
(From
they are visiting the schools c on c erned and
� alking
with
teachers and other interested persons .
the Bangor Daily News ,
H . E . W.
2/17/67 )
AGENT IS FINISHING INDIAN SCHOOL STUDY
Perry- "Whatever the Indian has to say, we want to hear, " were the words of
a civil rights specialist Wednesday night, as he summed up the purpose of a fed�
eral fac t - finding group sent to M9.ine by the Health,
Education and Welfare De
partment .
Edward Snyder was the only remain;i;;ng member of the three- man Federal education
team investigating alleged claims that reservation schools at Old Town, Perry ,
and
Princeton are discrimina tory because most of their students are Indians.
Snyder said Wednesday ,
while in Eastport ,
that both Charles Bechtold of the
Boston Regional Office of the United S tates Office of Education ,
marcino ,
a civil rights att orney wi th the United States Health,
and John Lago
Education and
Welfare Department left early Wednesday morning to fill " prior c ommittments . 11
The three , since Monday, have toured the Old . T own and Princ:eton reservations
in an effort to dig up sufficient f9 c ts to enable decision maKers in Washington to
arrive at a final decision as to whether or not the schools are discriminatory .
A " c olleague from Washington 1 1 was scheduled to j oin Snyder for the fac t
searching tour at the Pleasant Point reservation Wednesday, but due to Tuesday1 ·s
storm, the official was unable to keep the appointment .
Snyder indicated that the
news was a strong disappointment in view of the mountainous chore of gathering as
much information as possible in the relatively short period of time allotted to the
m ission .
The specialist said he expected to visit with a number of Indian leaders and
school officials at Pleasant Point and Eastport before attending a tribal meeting in
the recreation hall on the reservation at
7 : 30
P.
M.
He noted that some had c oncluded that Washington had said that i t was going
to c lose the Indian ' s schools .
n ot close
the
" This is not true," he said ,
1 1 the government can
schools but it can withhold federal funds if it deems necessary . "
Snyder repeatedly made it clear that he had no opinion to release regarding
whether the schools were or were not discrim inatory, but pointed out that it was
" strictly a governmental decision" which c ould not possibly be determined until the
matter had been studied from every c onceivable point .
When
asKed when suc h a decision by the government might be forthcoming,
he
said that he would t ry to insure prompt decision on the matter, but did not ex
pect tha t the o�fic e of education would have developed an offic ial opinion from
t he fac ts revealed by the tour before four or five weeKs or longer- depending upon
the comple teness of the fac ts .
(Continued
on Page
1 6)
"
�( 16 )
H . E. W.
AGENT IS FINISHING INDIAN SCHOOL STUDY
(Continued from Page
15 )
There are a lot of factors involved in the tnaking of such a decision and any
facts could have a de cided e ffec c on the outcome ) said Snyde r ) pointO
ing out that the Title S ix program was only two years old and suggested that an
nual reports on the program , needed in the present study for comparison purposes,
one of these
may not be immediately available .
"He would like to know the per capita cost of
operating the Indian schools fqr the past 15 years ,
made available for some time , " he said .
but these f i gures may not be
The civil rights specialist concluded by expressing a belief that there was
yet much worK to be done after leaving the reservation ,
but gave the assurance
that the final decision will "not be made in haste . "
(From the Bangor Daily News ,
2 / 9/ 67 )
TWO SKELETONS UNCOVERED AT PEMAQUID
By Helen Camp
On the 19th of August ,
Dig .
196 5 ,
two skeletons were d iscovered at the Pemaquid
They were found ten fee t from the Tavern site )
at a depth of two feet.
One skele ton was lying on its side with i ts Knees drawn up in a flexed po
sition .
This is believed to be that of an Indian , since the position is typical
o f a number of Indian burials .
The bones were in such a poor state of preserva
tion ;
that they could no � be removed one by one .
They and the surrounding earth
w e re hardenec with a resin and removed as a block .
The other skeleton lay parallel to the " Indian 1 1 ,
one was lying on its back .
torso was covered with three hammered brass plate s ,
been placed.
length
3 strand )
then folded together to form a bundle .
9- 3/ 4 to 10- 1/2 inches in
braided cord,
which may be
This second skeleton was taKen to Dr .
W G:l S
Under the entire skeleton was
the barK of a tree
Natural History for study .
This
The
over which a de er hide bad
Across the shoulders were 5 brass tubes ,
These were strung on a single ,
o f sinew,
separated by five feet .
The skull was resting on a round brass plate .
Junius Bird of the American Museum of
We give an extract from his report :
"Dr. Harry L . Shapiro (Chairman of the Department of Anthropology of the
American Museum of Natural History ) examined the remains and believed the adult
to have been a woman under 40 years of age .
He did not reach any positive opi nion
as to whether she might have been Indian or White.
A baby was placed naKed in the grave , apparently on top of the adult body
with its head resting on he r right shoulder .
days old .
It was very young )
possibly only a few
The navel is visible in the preserve section of the stomach skin,
but
does not show any residual umbilical cord.
The sKin of the infant ' s forehead retains some fine ,
of a band )
There
about 3/ 8 of an inch w ide ,
darK hair and a portion
which apparently encircled the head .
is nothing I can report which might explain this rather curious burial.
Professor James Griffin of the University of Michigan,
North American Indians,
a leading authority on the
examinec the re ma ins and says he bas never seen anything
l i Ke it . "
We are waiting for the results from a s ample of bone submitted for a Carbon
14 dating .
.
(From the . Maine Arche ological Society Bulletin,
(L E T T E R S C n t inue d f r om page 4 )
f r om t h e pe ople and the ir prob lems in any c ommun i t y w e hav e worke d in . We
have en j oye d a t D ana P e in t as you c an s e e , and have had v e ry f e w pr ob lems .
Ve ry t ruly yours ,
Raymond F . S arge nt , Inc .
C . T h omas Le av i t t , Engine e r
( C on t i? u e d o n page 1 7 )
4/ 5 / 66 )
�tl7 )·
(L E T T E R S
c on t inue d from page J6 )
S't a t e o f Maine
S e na t e C hamb e r
Augu s t a , Main e
D e ar Mrs . T h omps en :
T hank you f o r your s e v e ral le t t e rs c on c e rning t h e I n d ian le gis l a t i on and
s o li c i ting my c on t inue d support in the ir cause .
I s hall plan t e s e nd you , as s o on as p o s s ib le , the s ugge s t e d ar t i c le
expr e s s in g my v i e ws f or pub li c a t i on in your newsle t t e r .
S t.a t e of Main e
H ou s e of R e pre s e n t a t ive s
Augus t a , Maine
S inc e re ly
Ric hard N� B e r ry
/
D e ar Mrs . T h omp� on :
In r e gard t o your que s t i ons re gar d ing le gi s lat ive p lan s in pers uan c e o f
t he b i lls giv ing Indian R e pre s e n tat ive full pay , allowan c e s , e t c . I migh t s ay
t ha t I hav e n o t f orme d any de fini t e plan s ye t . The b il ls , two o f t he � , we re
in t r od uc e d t o day ( Jan . 18 , 1967 ) . R e p . C arlt on S c o t t o f W i l t on , and I are t he
c o -s p on s ors . The inea is t o give t he b ills as much b ipar t i s an suppo�t as p o s
s ib le . W e a r e runn in g in t o s ome oppo s i t i on o n b o t h side s o f t h e par t y f e n c e .
In view o f the fac t that the pay b ill and the bill t o v o t e on pendin g le gi s
lat i on is c o -s p on s ore d I d on ' t b e +ieve there w i l l b e any s e par a t e par t y b il l s
on t he s ub j e c t .
I b e li e v e the b ill Mr . S c o t t and I hav e s p ons ore d c on t a in s
a l l that is ne c e s sary t o b r ing Ind ian Re pre s e n t a t iv e s in t o as n e a r e q uali t y
with o th e r S t a t e R e pr e s en t a t iv e s s s t h e F e de ra l C o ur t d e c i s i ons will pre s e n t ly
allow . T h e y w ill hav e und e r our b i ll , in e f f e c t , the s ame s t a t us as the o ld
T e rrit or ial D e le ga t e s or the Pre s e n t Pue r t o R i c an R e s ident C ommis s i on e r d o e s
i n t h e F e de ral H ouse o f Repre s e n t at ive s .
T h e b i ll r e ad s as f ollows :
"Wi t h t he e xc e p t i on of t he r i gh t t o v ot e on p e nd in g le gis la t i on , the me mb e r o f
the Penob s c o t Indi an T r ib e and t h e me mb e r o f the Pas s ama qu oddy I ndian T r ib e
e le c t e d t o r e pre s e n t his t r ib e at the b i e nnial assemb ly o f the L e gis l a t ure
s hall have a s e a� in the H ou s e of R e pre s e n t a t i v e s an d all priv ile ge s , righ t s
and du t ie s o f o t h e r repre s e n t a t iv e s , inc luding t h e r i ght t o se rve i n a n on
v ot i n g c apac i t y on a n y c ommi t t e e . 1 1
I hope t his will answ e r y our q ue s t ions and I h ope t h a t b e f o re an o t h e r
mont h o r s o h a s pas s e d w e w i l l b e ab le t o t e ll y o u more h ow t h i s b i ll and
t he ? ne to rais e t he Indian R e pr e s e n t a t ive ' s pay and allowan c e s is c omin g a l on g .
V e r y t ruly yours ,
S . Glenn S tarb ird , J r .
ANNOUNCEMENT : T h e o f f i c e o f t h e D e partment o f Indian A f fairs has mov e d f r o m
189 S t a t e S t . t o t he S mi th" H ou s e o n 108 Grove S t re e t . This b u ildin g is l o c a t
e d a t t h e re ar o f t h e D e p o s i t ors T r u s t C ompany b ran c h o f f i c e ( a c r oss C ap i t o l
S tre e t f rom t h e S t a te H ou s e O f f i c e b uildin g ) . T he addr e s s f or mail w i ll s t ill
be :
D e partme n t o f Indian A f fairs , S t a t e H ou s e , Augu s t a , Maine 0433 0 .
ANTI -POVERT Y D IRECTOR WANTED
Washin g t on (Eas t er nm o s t U . S . ) C oun t y , Maine , n e e d e d f r o heading c ount y -w ide c om
mun i t y a c t i on pr o grams ( salary $ 10 , 500 ) and als o dire c t or for I nd ian R e s e rv a t i onE
pregram , s ame c o un t y . Matur e c o lle ge graduate with e xperie n c e and/or demon s t ra
ted int e r e s t i n e c onomi c s and "The O t h e r Ame r i c a " . Airmai l r e s ume , spe c i fying
j ob pr e fe re n c e (and minimum s alary a c c e ptab le i f in t e r e s t e d in I n d ian p o s i t i on )
t o : Was hingt on C o un t y Re gional Ac t i on A ge n c y , Pos t O f f i c e B LD G . , Mach ias , Maine .
(Fr om t he Por t land S unday T e legr am , 1/15/67 )
�( 18)
DOHN THE RIVER
By Helen Ca ldwe ll C u shman
(An Introduc t i on to our neighbor to the s outh ,
Wayne )
Wayne , or i g i na lly Known a s New Sandw i ch , i s a bea utiful town .
uni que fe& ture s wh i ch a dd to the inte r e s t of anyone interes ted in
And it ha s a wea lth of fa s c ina t ing Ind ian lore .
Much of the pa s t of Wayne ,
s ulted f r o m the loc a t i on .
It ha s many
nat.n1·a 1
h i s l�ory .
even ba c K in the t i me of the Ana sugunt i c ooks ,
To the north ,
Wayne
is
re
s e pa ra ted from the waterways
which dra in into the Sandy River by he ights of land .
Off to the ea s t is the Ken
All the waterways leading J:'1·otn the north to Wayne r i se in K i mball
nebe c R iver
and Boody Ponds on the mounta ins beyond Vienna v i llage .
One early vis i tor to the .
r e g i on , a Mr . Bowen, came by water from Lew i s ton i nto La Ke Andro s c oggin, and the nce
up the long s e r i e s of laKe s unt i l he rea ched a long w ind i ng stream between M:inne
h onK and Taylor Mi ll Pond .
He and h i s party of t i mber c ru i s ers ca mped on the stream which is a s w i ld
it wa s when ·che Indians used it for a thoroughfa re .
The next morning ,
t oday a s
a nd thi s wa s b a c k in
1760 ,
Mr .
Bowen c l i mbed
a
h i ll s outh of the s tream and then
a ta ll p i ne tree
and looKed out over miles of virgin t i mber .
The h i ll bears h i s
name t oday .
He wrote that they had rea ched a point going ups trea m a ll the whi le
from Lew i s ton about thirty m i le s .
And the waterway ha s born the name of Th irty
Mi le R iver ever
s ince .
Thi rty Mile R iver r i s ing a s
vi llage of V ienna drops
until
it doe s
in the he i ghts north of the p i c ture s que
s tead i ly through a long s e r i e s of la Ke s ,
i t rea che s the Dead R iver from whence i t flows
ponds and s trea ms
i nto the Andro s c oggin .
There
i s a drop of more than s ix hundred fe et from the s ource to the outlet . . . all adding
t o the wa ter power whi ch once tur ned the wheels of the indus t r i e s a l ong i t s banl{S . .
a nd a
century ago Wayne was an i mportant indu s t r ia l town . . . important,
tha t i s ,
by
s t a ndards of the da y .
When the tumb l ing r ive r rea che s We s t Mount Vernon, i t i s j o ined b y the north
w e s t b ra nch .
Ea r ly s e ttlers in the Sa ndy R iver often went thi s 'Jay from Par_ker
to Dav i d and Ti lton Ponds ,
and thence by a carry to Mosher Pond and a water c ourse
tha t led eventually i nto the Sandy R iver .
ry i ng pla ce s
known to the Indians ,
All a long the waterway are tnany car
and lmown to many ca mpers on canoe trips to
thi s day .
In 'bhe
s outhe a s t part of Wayne
I nd ians whi ch dra ins through Berry ,
R iver .
there
is apother wa terway a ls o u s ed by the
Dexter and Wi l s on Ponds
i nto the Kennebec
From Morr i s on He i ghts wh i ch sepa rated the two water sheds . . . that
long one of the Andro s c oggin and the Kennebe c i s
is the
one of the mos t beautiful v iew s
i n Ma ine .
The we s t pa rt of La Ke Andr os c oggin is
the
There a re s even i s la nds
was
in Leeds .
From a lmos t any h i ll around
la Ke there are pla ce s where the i s lands and the Cape s ta nd out l i ke j ewels .
in the la Ke ,
and one at the outle t whi ch one writer sa id
" e mbra ced between the two bra nche s
s urr.ounds
One
of the la rge i s lands towards Leeds was
s a cred pla ce
later . .
of the Dead R i ver whi c h here s epa ra tes and
it . "
to the Ana sa gunt i c o o1rn .
b u t it
is
once
More of thi s
an Ind ian bury ing ground ,
a
land or i s land and one other
s trange that b oth of the s e a re c overed w ith bla c K sand .
Excava
t i ons have been made o n one a nd many Indian re l i c s found .
In the s outhwe s t part of the
laKe
i s a ne c K of land Known a s the Cape whi ch
exte nd s i nt o the laKe a d i s tance of two or th.ree mile s .
There are s evera l hundred
of meadow land wh i ch i s flooded in the high water of s pr ing and on whi ch
Cape haying was an event in the early days of the township .
grew exce llent hay .
(C ont i nued
a cr e s
next month)
t
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NT
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Feb. 1967)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1967-02
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-471