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NE
VOLUME
2,
SL
NU:MBER
E
FEBRUARY.
7
1968
INDI N TREP_TIES
During t e past year and a half the Newsletter has received
several letters asking questions about the various treaties wade
between the Indians living in Maine and the Cowmonwealth of Massachusetts,
and later on (182 ) the State of
�aine.
Since the Newsletter has
some of this information within reach now, it seems both beneficial
and interesting to pass some of this information along to you.
Starting uith this issue t�e
ewsletter will reprint the Treaty wade
£.y_
the Commonwealth of Ma�s�chEsetts witl!___!:h� Pe_!1obscot Tribe of
Indians, June 29
181 8.
"This writing indented (sic) Clnd .. ade this twenty ninth d..:..y of
June, one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, between Edward H.
Robbins, Daniel Davis and Mark Langdon Hill, Esqs., commissioners
appointed by his excellency John Brooks, governnr of the comruonwe<h
of Massachusetts, by and with the advice of council in conforhlity to
a Resolve of the legislature of said commonwealth, passed the thirteenth
day f February, A. D. one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, to
treat \'litb the Penobscot tribe of Indians, upon the subject expressed
in said resolve, on the one part; and the said Penohscot tribe of In
dians, by the undersigned chiefs, captains and iu.en of sc:,id tribe, rep
resenting the whole thereof, on the other part, Witnesseth, Thnt the
said Penobscot tribe of Indians, in consideration of the payments by
them new received of said commissioners, amounting to four hundred
dollars, and of the payments hereby secured and engaged to be made to
them by said cohlmomwealth, do hereby grant, sell, convey, release
and quitclaim, to the common ealth of Massachusetts, all their, the
said tribes, right, title, interest and estate, in and to all the lands
they claim, occupy and possess by means whatever on both sides of the
Penobscot river, and the branches thereof, above the tract of thirty
miles in length on both sides of said river, which said tribe conveyed
and released to said commonwealth by their deed of the eighth of
August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety six, excepting and
reserving frow this sale and conveyance !or the perpatu�l use of said
trib� of Indians, four townships of land of six miles square each, in
the following places, viz:
The first beginning on the east bank of the renobscot river,
(Continue� on �age 2 )
u.
�2 (INDiiN
TREATIES,
Cont'd from page 1.)
opposite the five islands, so called, and running up said river
a ? cording to its c0'.lrse, and crossing the mouth of the �·iatta-v.rcwkeag
river, an extent of six miles from the place of beginning, and extending
back from said river six miles, and to be laid out in conformity to a
general plan or arrangement which shall be made in the survey of the
adjoining townships on the river - one other of s· id townships lies on
the opposite or western shore of said river, �nd is to begin �s nearly
opposite to the place of beginning of the -� first�idescribed township as
can be having regard to the gener�l plan of the t�onships that may be
laid out on the western side of said Penobscot river, and running up
said river according to its course, six ruiles, and extending back from
said river six miles.
Two other of said townships &re to begin at the
foot of an island, in West branch of Penobscot river in Nolaceilleac lake,
and extending on both sides of said like, ( sic) bounding on the ninth
range of_ townships, surveyed by Samuel ;vestern, Esq., r1hich two town
ships shall contain six wiles square each, to be laid out so as to
correspond in courses with the to�nships hich no� &re, or hereafter may
be surveyed on the public lands of the state. J.nd the sc.,id tribes do
also release and discharge; said commonwealth from all de1aands &nd
claims of any kind and description, in copsequences of said tribe's inden
ture and agreement made with said co� 1onwealth, on the eighth d .y of
August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety six, by their commissioners,
William Sheppard, Nathan Dane, and Daniel Davis, Bsquires; and we the
undersigned commissioners on our part in behalf of said coLlfilonwealth, in
consideration of the·above covenants, and release of the said Penobscot
tribe, do covenant with said Penobscot tribe of Indi�ns, thrtt they shall
have, enjoy and improve all the four excepted townships described as
aforesaid, and all the islands in the Penobscot river �bove OldtoNn and
And the commissioners will purchase for
including said Oldtown island.
their use as aforesaid, two acres of land in the to\·n of Bre�ver, adjoining
Penobscot river, convenient for their occupation, and provide them with
a dis�reet man of good moral character and industrious habits, to
instruct them in the arts of husbandry, and assi.J t them in fencin& and
tilling their grounds, and raising such articles of :;:1roduction as their
lands are suited for, and as will be most beneficial for them, and will
erect a store on the island 6f OldtOlm, or contiguous thereto, in which
to deposit their yearly sup lies, and will now make so�e necess�ry
repairs on their church, and pay and deliver to said Indians for their
absolut� use, within ninety days from this date, at said island of Old
one six pound cannon, one swivel, fifty
Town, the following articles viz:
.
knives, six brass kettles, two hundred yards of calico, two druL1s,
four fifes, one box pipes, three hundred yards of ribbon, and that
annually, and every year, so long as they shall remain a nation, and
reside within the commonwealth of Massachusetts, said commonwealth
will deliver for the use of said Penobscot tribe of Indians at Oldtown
five
aferesaid, in the month of October, the following articles viz:
hundred bushels of corn, fifteen barrels of wheat flour, seven barrels
of· clear por�, one hogshead of molasses, and one hundred yards of
double bTeadth broadcloth, to be of red color one year, and blue the
next year, and so on alternately, fifty good blankets, one hundred
pounds of gunpowder, four hundred pounds of shot, six boxes of choco
late, one hundred and fifty pounds of tobacco, and fifty dollars in
The delivery of the articles last aforesaid to commence in
silver.
October next, and to be divided and distributed at four different times
( Continued on page 11.)
�E
THE
MAINE
EDITOR:
INDIAN
- 3 -
I
D
T
0
R
l
L
A
S
NEWSLETTLR
EUGENIA (THOMAS) THOMPSON
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the following address:
Pine Street
Freeport, Maine 04032
865-4253)
(Telephone:
Letters to the Editor are welcome but must conform to the rules
required by every newspaper. They must bear the writer's correct name
and address although pen names are permitted at the discretion of the
All letters must be signed though names will be withheld from
Edit r.
Preference will be given to le�ters not over
publication on request.
350 words in length. Letters are subject to condensation or editing
when space limitations require and to correction of grauner or obvious
errors.
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
"Ask Not �hat Your Depart·1ent Can Do For You, But •
• • 11
At an NAACP meeting held several months ago in Portland, Maine,
the topic of discussion was to be the Maine Indians. The purpose of
the meeting was to determine whether or not the Portland Chapter of
The concern centered
the NAACP could help these Indians in any way.
about the assamaquoddy.
Several questions from other members of the panel and from the
floor, addressed to Commissioner Hinckley assumed or indicated that
Hinckley and the De artment were not even aware of many of the Indian's
problems, and further1ore that Hinckley was merely a paper shuffler,
and perhaps unable to do anything about these problems.
Having previously explored the situation I was av.rare of the size
of the general assistance program, the problems related to police
protection on the three reservations, and the increased financial needs
in other areas. This was not brought out at the meeting however.
Then more recently it came to light that the Department had run
818,ooo in the Red. The reasons for this, aside from the accounting
problems? I've just explained them above.
To keep from operating in the Red $inances to several programs
will have to be cut back, or cut out. Hinckley has said the Indians
will be asked to help decide where these cut backs will be• Already
there are grumblings from Augusta - some saying it lock's like the
Indians are running the Department and not the Comlilissioner. And I
thrmght this was the purpose for having the De_par-tment, so the Indians
could have some say in the handling of their own problems.
So, one thing the Department has dome is to go into the Red for
the Redmen, to the tune of $18,ooo.
�/here should these cut-backs be made? Any cutbacks are going to
disrupt the program. It seems to me the most probable cut-back will be
from the General Assistance funds; food, clothing, Dr. bills, and
If any
fuel. (But remember it has been colder than usual this winter.)
of our Indian readers have any suggestions, send them in to the News
Letter and they will be forwarded on th the Department in Augusta:--
�- 4 In Reply to Helen H. Ross
(See December, January and this months Newsletters.)
The replies to Helen H. Ross' remarks in this and last months issues
of the Newslett�rs are adequate to show that Mrs. Ross has not dug
into the facts as deeply as she would h�ve her readers do.
I am an Indian, born and raised on the Penobscot Reservation.
When I was young, we sometimes had it difficult, but no matter how
difficult times were, we knew the Passamaquoddy were worse off.
They
.
still are. For one thing, jobs �ere much more readily available near
the Penobscot Reservation than they
were in , ashington County.
Some people disapprove of Don Gellers, but even they must admit
until he came along, no on� has been as involved as he has with the
problems of the PassamaquodJy Indians.
It is time someone got this
involved.
In 1�04 a written account, which can be found in the Maine
Historical Society Library, tells of four Passa1aaquoddy villages located
in the.same area as they are today, except the one 1hich used to be at
Calais,
About 1796 a treaty was made with �ass. establishing the
present reservations, although they were much. larger.
In the separating
of Maine from 1ass. in 1820, no mention was made regarding these Indians
Maine has never made any treaties with the
or their reservations
Passamaquoddy, so far as I can tell, and yet some bow !1aine now owns
all of this Passamaquoddy land, while allowing the FassamaquodL�Y Indians
to live there, "during the pleasure of the legislature."
I repeat, isn't
it about time someone became this involved?
Mrs. Ross suggests that the integrity of Gov. Curtis and the Maine
State Police has been questioned because in Mr. Cox' article in the
Times-Record of November 2nd, 1967, the Governor's appointing of the
State Felice to carry out the investigation of the State Police, in
effect the accused undertaking the investigation, a totally hollow gesture.
Would Nrs. Ross stop and consider:
When an accused is brought into our
courts, who has done the investigation? The accused? Certainly not.1
The accused u1ay defend himself but he never does the investigation
for the State.
While some people consider themselves a step and a half above
the Indians, - I hope they are not too tall to st.oqp into the teepee of
the Indian and to learn the Indian's point of view.
•
•
X
X
X
X·
-X
X
X
LETTERS
Dear Edi tor:
The Issue of.Feb. 16, 1968, the Bureau of Human Relations (paper)
The Church vVorld, had an article of Passamaquoddy Indians. The paper
This is
said that the cb�ldren were given lolly po s for breakfast.
untr.ue, because I have taken a Survey of Pleasant Point Reservation and
I have asked the mothers of what they feed their children for Breakfast.
They all told me that they feed those children.
l. Bacon & eggs or saussages 5. Mix Cereal
6. Oatmeal
2. Juice & milk
7. Pancakes
3. Toast
8. Doughnuts
4. Dry cereal
These people all so said that who wrote that article in The Church
These
World can't prove we give our children lolly pops for breakfast.
people I spoke to said to me that if they gave lolly pops to their child
ren it would be�a miracle if they can be filled up with candy. Because
(Continued on page 5)
�- 5( Letters
continued from page 4.)
cost 29• a bag, it would be a cheap breakfas
t & sup�cr & dinner,
if they can live on candy.
So I wish who ever writes about children like
this please raake sure it is true before it
is put in the paper.
Don't
fie about ·other people's children.
they only
Sincerely,
Elizabeth Stanl�y
Cowmunity Action Aide
Pleasant Point
( Editor's note; The article
on page 21.
There are over
Perry,
which Mrs.
04667
Maine
Stanley speaks of will
be reprinte d
_
ten photographs accompanying the article.
The Church World shows in one of the photographs three children, two of
whom are eating lolly pops.
The children go: unidentified, as well as
all the other photographs of Indians and the Indian home:.
·:vhile a pic-
. ture is worth a thousand vords, the captions under the photographs
seem to add a thousand more words to depict the ,'1deplorable11 conditions.
)
De�r Editor:
Recently I have been getting equipment ft-0£1 those people 2.nd these
are the list of things which the people from Maine have ·sent to the
Passar,.iaquoddy Indian Reservation.
Sewing material froi.1 Hathaway, Inc.,
·1aterville,
i•laine;
Ample I•1ills,
two boxes of material from i rs.
material from Guilford,
Brewer,
Maine;
knitting equipment from
l'!aine;
of patterns from Miss J.
Et�1el Cawpbell,
Portland,
lfuitting instructions and se•ving instructions fron Sarah \fj lson,
Machias,
aine; and also ten dollar check fro,J Ers. Foster Branch, vhnthrop,
Augusta,
I.aine;
one big box
Marston, So,
laine;
1'iaine;
and last of all,
se ing clachines,
Feb.
the Portland Zonta Club have delivered and donated
22, 1968.
So we have three new sewitlg machines.
Sewing classes will be held at the �ribal Hall tnis ltlonth.
to these people for their generosity.
p.�.
7
Also we have knitting classes every Thursdcly,
office.
Sincere thanks
at the C.A.F.
All the girls are making hand knitted sweaters and slippers.
Thank you,
Elizabeth Stanley
CouuJunity Action Aide
Pleasant Point
Perry
Dear Mrs.
,
Maine
04667
Thompson:
Enclosed is an announcement concerning a superb new
travel fellow
ship op1ortunity_ being sponsored by the English-Speaking Union,
1Br·1nch.
New York
T� o fellowships are being offered to residents of New England and
I
New York.
Applic�tions must be received by April
15, 1968.
felt that the quickest way to-pass the wazrl.-,�ong Indian people
in your area is to send this announcement to yoµ so that you rJight
publish the details in your newsletter.
May I also take this opportunity to cong�atul�te you on the news
letter,
{hich is a valuable source of infor�ation to ev�ryone concerned
with Indian problems.
Virginia S.
Sincerely yours,
(11rs.
)
Hart
Speciul Assistant
( Comi .unica tions )
U.S.
to the Cor.tii issioner
..
Bureau of Indian Affairs
(Cortinued of pa_e
6)
�(��tt€ s continued from page 5)
(6)
A N � 0 U C E M E N T
Applications are invited for
TdO iJINSTON CHURChILL TR. VELI1 ·G F:SLLO 51:.IPS
�roviairi� nfi 6��ortunity f6 c�rrY out an ima"11 �tive proj�ct to be_ "io
posed by the successful candidates in the �ecial fields of inte.L·est, in
British Commonwealth countries.
The grants�ill provide for three to
six mon.:ths of professional consultation, field trips, and on-the-job a
assignments in Commonwealth countries, and will fay all expenses of travel
to, from, and in the host countries, plus a reasonable allowance for
living expenses and incidentals.
Stipends will average r4ooo.
1
CAl�DIDA'r."s must be United States citizens, residents of or working in
New York or one of the New England St�tes, and active in one of the
folJowing fields:
local, st te, or national politics;
Govern�ent and Public Service:
civil service.
C<?E!!nunica tions: mass media; schools of journalism; schools of
COtr.lf1unications.
Health and Social Services:
comwunity welfare; physicQl rehabilit
ation;
social security; pover�y prograills.
?lanning:
urban and rural planning; urban redevelo� ent; derao6raphy;
conservation; recla�ation; transport�tion.
FOR APP1_,IC.H.TIOE FORMS .�RITE
Q..h�rchill Traveling Fellowships, New York Branch,
_
English-S eaking Union of the United States,
1 0021
16 East 9th Street, New York, U.Y.
APPLICATIONS MUST BE TIBTURNED ro ThE ENG LISH _SPEAKING u ION BY APRIL 1 5,$
g
Dear Eugenia Thompson,
The subject of this enclosed article is of r;reat importance to
v le would �reatly appreciate
the Passamaquoddy Indians at Pleasant Point.
your putting this article in The ?-i1aine Indian Ne1rnle tter.
Sincerely,
Joseph Mitchell
Governor
Passamaquoddy Indians
Pleasant Point,
1 4667
Perry, Maine
(Editor's note:
the enclosed article is �rinted as follows.
The subject
is
well, read on.
A very good case for the preservation of t�1e Indian
basket-,,!aking art, as well earning a living.)
About half the people living on the Pleasant Point reservation are
largely supported by the skillful labor of Passamaquoddy Iilen u1aking scale
baskets.
Fish factories and fishermen need thousands of these rugged
Indian baske�s every year to hold fish scales, and lobsters, herring,
and shrimp. But these large baskets are made of hard, tough ash.
And ash
trees are becoilling scarce for the Passamaquoddy Indians.
Passauaquoddy sons early learn from their fathers the art of eaving
the strips of ash into lasting baskets, held together not by nails or glue,
The ash strips are peeled from an ash trunk
but by �rt and ingenuity.
The
that has been pounded for 2 or 3 hours by hand with a heavy club.
ash trunks are cut from som� lands privately o�ned in Aroostook County.
Only a few private land owners have given the Passanaquoddy Indians per
&ission to cut ash.
(C6ntinu d oh page 21)
..
•
•
•
�(7 )
PINE TREE LEGAL ASSISTANCE WORKS ON TEST CASES
Trying test cases is rapidly becoming one of the most popular forms of re
creation in legal services programs, and Pine Tree Legal Assistance is no ex
ception.
Spokesmen for Pine Tree, Maine's statewide program to provide lawyers
for the poor, announced recently the commencement of a concerted drive to chal
lenge present law on a number of points.
In announcing the increased effort, Charles Tenney, Pine Tree"s Chief At
torney, pointed out that a "test case" may be designed to challenge not only
the law as it is written, but the way in which officials charged with carrying
the law into effect behave as well.
he said.
"Problems arise not only with bad laws,"
"We see almost an equal number of injustices resulting from maladmin
istration of the law."
If the law is constitutional and is being followed,
Tenney indicated that a test case would be an exercise in sheer futility.
sole recourse at that point is to attempt to change the law.
The
Millard Emanuelson,
President of the Corporation, pointed out that "our lawyers consider the good
ness or badness of a law in light of its impact on their clients.
may differ in their judgments.
Legislators
Nevertheless, the poor ought to be heard on what
they think the law ought to be."
s
With the next regular session of the legislature over a year away, Pine
Tree has not yet come up with a definite package of proposals for change.
Ten
ney indicated, however, that proposals very likely would be made in several
areas:
welfare, juvenile courts, housing, and domestic relations.
Meanwhile,
Pine Tree's efforts will be concentrated on test cases to the extent that reg
ular caseloads permit.
Pine Tree has already successfully challenged a state Department of Health
and Welfare practice of taking a child from its natural parent for "temporary"
custody without notice to the parent and without the parent's having an oppor
tunity to be heard.
Attorneys for Pine Tree petitioned the court for a writ of
habeas corpus, alleging an unconstitutional denial of due process in failing to
provide the mother of a child with notice and a hearing.
The Department agreed
to return the child when the court in an informal conference indicated that he
would grant the writ
didn't.
(order the child returned to its natural parent)
if they
Health and Welfare officials have since agreed to abandon their prac
tice.
Pine Tree action on behalf of an inmate of the Women's Reformatory in Skow
hegan was also effective in instigating an abandonment of the practice, pre
nie arraignment is that point in a criminal proceeding at which the accused is
viously followed in some district courts, of mass arraignments of defendants.
advised of his rights.
he is waiving.
He may waive such rights, but he must understand what
In the mass arraignment, it is difficult
{if ngt impossible)
for
the court to determine whether the individual has made an effective waiver.
Currently in preparation are cases which draw in question the validity of a
number·� of state statutes, and policies and practices under them.
Recently in
Portland, a woman who had received public assistance from the city was denied
The denial was based on
by the city desk a certificate necessary for marriage.
a state statute prohibiting the issuance of such a certificate " • • • • to a state,
where the overseers of such town where the pauper re
city, or town pauper,
sides deposit a list of their state, city or town paupers with the clerk • • • • "
Pine Tree learned that neither the city c}erk nor any other city official had
such a list.
"Even if they did," Tenney said, "the st�tute.is ·pretty. unconsti
futinnal.
It conditions the right to marry on one's affluence; and that's a
He added that it was very likely a denial of one's
civil rights as well and that federal court action was being considered to endenial of equal protection.''
join the practice.
Pine Tree lawyers are also readying challenges to several Health and Wel
(Contin�ed on Page 8)
�(u)
PI NE TREE LEGAL
(Continued from Page 7 )
•
•
•
•
fare pol icie s .
Among the m are the ce i l i ngs place d on payme nts under A.F . D . C .
(Aid to Fami l ie s with Depend e nt Ch ildre n) and the maxinrurn grant ava i l ab l e und e r
the cat e go ri cal a i d pro gram .
I n t he first ins t ance , ch i ld re n in l arge fami l ie s
s uffer b e caus e the fund s availab le e xt e nd t o cove r a maximum o f seven ch i ld re n·
'
in the s e cond s i t uat ion, the e ntire fami l y suffers b e caus e the grant made may
be far b e l ow wh at i s actual ly needed fo r the fami l y to live on.
O n t ap fo r the int e rmed iat e future are case s in wh i ch Pine Tree wi l l rai se
s uch i s s ue s as the valid i ty o f the confine me nt o f al l juveni le d e l inque nt s i n
st ate i ns t i t utio ns ; t h e l egal i t y o f s choo l pol i cie s and pract ice s in suspe nd ing,
e xpe l l i ng and denying re-ad mi s s io n to s t ud e nt s wi thout provid ing fair he arings
to the s t ud e nt ; and t he uncons cio nab i l i ty of ce rtain ins tal l me nt contract s fo r
cheap and s o metime s wo rth l e s s me rchand i s e at outrage ous ly infl ated price s .
(From a Pine Tree Legal As s i s t ance , I nc. Ne ws Re l e as e by Charl e s W. Te nne y , Ji
HA IL TO
THE CH IEF
Ch i e f Burning Foo t , s eve n-e igh th s Scots-Irish and one -e ighth Ind ian, wear
i ng a "Mary Po ppins Love s Reagan" button, anno unced he wo uld b e · a cand idate for
the pre s ide ncy of the Uni ted State s .
Ch ie f pl at fo rm p o int s : Re turn of s t ol e n
I nd ian l and s and a b an o n TV f i l ms abo ut Gene ral Cus t e r .
(Se e n i n t h e Mont real Star-contribut ed by Nich o l as Smith)
NICHOLAS & BROOKS TO ATTEND TRAINI NG PROGRAM
De ar Edito r ,
Though t yo u migh t l ike t o put th i s in a fut ure i s sue of the ne ws l e t t e r .
John H . N i chol as and I are goi ng t o Wi s co ns i n fo r a s ix wee k course in a compre
h e ns ive traini ng program that i s b e i ng o f fe red by the Ce nte r for Communi ty Le ad
er sh ip Deve l opment , Unive rs i ty Ext e ns io n , Unive rs i t y of Wi s cons in, at Mad i son,
Wi s co ns in. The pri mary obj e ct ive s of the s ix wee k course are to t rain pe opl e
fro m rural are as who can the n re t urn to the se are as t o h e l p prov ide e f fe ctive
l e ad e rs h i p in the deve l opme nt of communi t y act ion pro grams . To be e f fe ctive ,
the s e ind ividual s mus t kno w how to use the t e chnique s of community organizat i on,
how to pre pare a prop osal that mee t s d ocumented nee d s , ho w t o se cure furthe r
te ch n i cal as s i s t ance when needed , and h o w t o coope rate and coord inate with o ther
'
organi zed e ffort s t o e l iminat e pove rty . Fo l l ow-up service s to graduat e s wi l l
i nclude as s i s tance i n s e curing e mpl oyment with , o r advance ment in, a community
act ion or re l at ed program.
The firs t two wee ks o f the .t raining program wil l comb ine cl as s room s tudy ,
group d i s cus s ions , and workshops . Thi s wi l l i nclude :
review of current s ocial
cond it ions and prob le m s ; int ro d uct i o n to the cause s of pove rty , means of identi
fy i ng the nee d s o f a community , int e rpre tat ion and p re s e nt at ion o f s tatis t ical
dat a ; id e nti f i cation and s tudy of fede ral , s t ate and private pro grams (de s igned
to promote s ocial ch ange ) ; practical exercis e s to deve l op admini s trat ive ski l l s ;
mob i l i zat ion and coord i nat ion o f re s ource s ; program deve lopme nt and �valuat ion;
program propo s al wri ti ng ; acco unting, fi s cal and reporting proced ure s ; s ocial
act ion te ch nique s o f working w i th various s ocio -e conomic groups with in a commun
i t y; h uman re l atio ns , pub l i c re l at ions , communicat ion and l e ad e rsh ip .
The th i rd and fourth wee ks wil l be spent i n actual f i e l d s ituations . The
traine e s wi l l b e d iv ided into teams and as s igned to o n-the -job training s ite s
whe re , unde r s up e rv i s ion, the y wfl l ob s e rve actual p rograms in operat ion. Dur
i ng the f i nal two wee ks , b ack at the Mad i s on campus , the t rainee s wi l l eval uate
the ir f i e l d experience s , and re f ine the ir own skil l s and technique s in program
(Continued on Page 9 )
�(9)
NICHOLAS & BROOKS-LETTER
(Co ntinued from Page 8)
developme nt ope rat ions . Se s s ions will be he ld on the implications of ne w leg
i s latio n and on po li cy change s with in O EO and related programs . Training work
s ho ps will afford the m an opportu nity to d raw u pon fie ld exxerie nce s and the ir
ho me s i tu atio ns in de s i gni ng model commu nity development programs . Upon gradu
ation , the t rainee will be equ ipped with many bas ic skills needed fo r e ffective
e mplo yment in a community deve lopment agency le ad i ng to po s i t ions of re s pons i
b i li ty and le aders hi p.
Since re ly ,
Morri s Brooks
P . S . -We ' ll be leaving February 14 in order to rece ive some mo ney from Elaine
Zimmerman at the Rockafe lle r Ce ntre in Rockville , N. Y. on Febru ary 15 , for a
mu seu m lib rary .
STUDY TO DETERMINE VIEWS OF INDIANS
ON EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES
Ind i an hi gh s cho ol gradu ate s in s ix s t ate s will be int e rviewe d to de te rmine
the ir views ab ou t t he ir edu cational experience s .
The No rthwe s t Regional Educat ional Laboratory wi t h ad mini s t rative office s
in Po rtland , O re gon, is condu ct ing a st udy to find ou t wh at has happened to t he
196 2 h i gh s cho o l gradu at e s , accord ing to Al Selinge r , s tudy dire ctor. Coope ra
ting with the Labo rat ory are the State De partme nt s of Ed ucati on, Bureau of In
d ian Affai rs , tribal groups , and local schoo l d i s trict s .
All I nd ian s tudent s who graduated from high school in 196 2 in Id aho , Mon
The
tana, Oregon, Wash i ngton, and North and Sou t h Dako t a are now be ing located .
I nd ians have atte nded federal board ing s chools , .Private and paro chial h igh
scho ols , and publi c s choo ls .
Trained pe rs onnel will the n interview approx i mate ly 600 of the graduat e s .
The Study focu s e s o n the Indian gradu at e ' s vie ws of h i s educational exper
ience s , both h i gh schoo l and po s t h igh s choo l .
Th e pDoje ct i s part o f the Labo r8tory's goal t o deve lop and d i s se minate
ins tructional and cou nse ling sys tems to help ove rcome the edu cat ional inequ ali
tie s which impai r o pportunitie s fo r Ind i an s tude nt s and to enlarge coope rative
relat ionsh ips with o ther community age ncie s .
Find i ngs of the s tudy, part icularly impli cat ions for t ribal groups and
s chools atte mpting to improve Ind i an Edu cation, will be prepared for d i s tribu
tion next fall.
The No rthwe s t Re gional Educational Laboratory is a nonpro fit organizatio n
work ing with s ch ools and other age ncie s in'.the No rth we s t re gion to improve ed
u cation by applying the find ings o f ne w re s 3arch and techno logy .
(From the Sioux Journal, Eagle Bu tte . Sou t h Dako ta, Jan-Feb 1968)
KNOW YOUR HERITAGE
By Red Cloak
A
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SOME CH IPPEWA BURIAL PRACTICES
'fi'le trad itional Chippewa Burial Ce remo nie s as practiced on Red Lake con
s i s t of a h igh ly s tructu red s e t of s ymbo lic practi ce s wh ich are carried out
during he four day s following an Ind i an ' s de ath . Thi s short account can do no
more th.in touch the surface in portraying these practice s and explaining the ir
(Continued on Page 10 )
�(10 )
KNOW YOUR HERITAGE
(C o nt i nued from Page 9)
me ani ngs .
The d e ath o f a Ch ippe wa i s trad itionally announc e d by the fi ring o f a gun.
I f the ne wly d e c e as e d pe rson was an adult, seve n s ho ts are fir�d . Fo llowing the
p re p aration o f a b urial s i te , the d e c e as e d i s re moved from h i s home by rela
tive s . He i s s lowly turned in a c ircle four t i me s , the n c arried to the b urial
s i te .
The grave i ts e lf i s d ug four fee t int o the ground . An up s ide d o wn t ot e m
mus t b e plac e d a t the f o o t o f t h e grave be fore any oth e r materials are s e t in
plac e . The body i s p lac e d in a wooden c as ke t wh ich i s lowered into the grave .
Bo ard s are th e n laid ac ro s s the to p o f the grave and a mound o f e arth i s s e t
o v e r the board s .
The s oul o f the deceased will h e ar the c all o f the b ird as he
ne ars the e nd of h i s four d ay journey t o the land of the Ind ians .
Late r , afte r the soul h as re ache d i ts d e s t inat io n and the c e re me ni al ac tiv
i t ie s have c e ase d , a s mall h ut will be bui lt above the b rave . A s mall tri
angular h o le will be c ut i n t h e we s t s id e o f the h ut i n o rder that the s p irit c an
pas s out of the grave .
The I nd ian i s b uried on h i s b ac k with h i s he ad fac i ng e as t and h i s kne e s drawn
up . Along s id e h im in the grave are plac e d s mall s ymbo ls of a bow, an arrow,
The s e are the mat e rials
a b lanke t , a ke ttle , an axe , food s , and mocc as ins .
wh ich he will nee d on h i s jo urney.
H i s fac e i s painted red to symb oli ze th at he i s an Ind ian, fo r Non-Ind ians
will trave l to a d i f fe re nt afterworld upon the ir d e ath . The pers o n who i s
h alf-white and h alf-I nd i an h a s no afte rworld i n wh ich h e i s ac c e p ted . H e i s
rele gated t o a k ind o f limbo with no pe rmane nt re s ti ng place o f ·h app i ne s s . I t
i s h e re that a n I nd i an will be reunited wi th all h i s relat ive s and frie nd s who
I t i s h e re he will rec e ive an ab undance
h ave pre c e e d e d h i m tQ the afte rworld .
There will be s inging,
of eve ryth i ng that he h as c ove ted in h i s fo rme r world.
d anc ing, and laugh te r.
The journey o f the Ind ian ' s soul i nto th i s land o f happine s s h as four
phas e s , o ne for e ach of the s t ratum in the e arth th ro ugh wh ich he mus t pas s .
During every s tage o f h i s journey , fri e nd s and relative s s tand vigil ove r
h i s g rave , s i nging , s o ngs wh i sh d e s c ribe h i s journe y and aid h i m i n h i s tasks .
A h e ad s e nd o f f man, c alled Nee Gan Ne Me h Ja E Nay Ne Neh Ne e , who h as learned
all the ph as e s o f the so ul's j o urne y , le ad s the s inging . There may be as many
as four d e s i gnate d s e nd o f f me n at a c e re me ny.
The s oul leave s the grave e ach ni ght at dusk for four c ons e c ut ive · evenings
Each d awn
and t rave ls th rough o ne s t ratum pe rfo rming nume rous s ymbo lic task s .
the s o ul re turns to the bod y t o re s t unt i l the next eve ni ng' s journe y . O n the
fourth evening, the Ind ian so ul make s i ts pe rmane nt depart ure to the land o f
hap p i ne s s s o the . v i gil ove r the grave c e ase s .
The I nd i an's pas s age b e twee n t wo world s following h i s de ath i s pe rc e ived
by the Ch ippewa as a c omplex , s t ruc t ured s e t o f event s , all of wh ich have a
Only a very fe w o f t he s e eve nt s c ould be de
s ymbo lic , religious meani ng.
The deepe s t meaning o f the �e remo ny i s o f the s ymbo l ic
s c ri b e d i n th i s art ic le .
journe y o f the I nd ian's s o ul into that happine s s .
(From the Red Lake Re s e rvatio n News , Red Lake , Minn . , 2 /9/6 8 )
CHANGE O F ADDRESS
****
Ple ase no t i fy us as s o o n as po s s i le i f you h ave any ch ange o f add re s s . ****
TI1ank you for your many le tte rs . We e njoy re �d ing the m . We may be a li t t le s lo w
i n ans wering your s pec i f ic que s t io ns , but you'll b e h e aring from us so on.
�� !. : )
INDIAN TP,EATIES
(Co�tiu�ed from
P�ge 2)
i
r·ac:1 �Tear among said tribe, in such manner as that the-:r uants shall
e most
e3sen�id ly supplied, and their business most effectua1ly supr0rted •
And it
.
is further agreed by and on the part of said tribe, :.:hat the said C0i.-�om;realth
shall have a right at all times hereafter to make and keep open all nec�ssary
roads, through any lands hereby reserved for the future use of said tribe.
And that the citizens of said Connnonwealth shall have a right to pass and repass
any of the rivers, streams, and ponds ... which run through any of the lands
hereby reserved, for the purpose of transporting their timter and other articles
through the same.
In witness whereof,
and seal."
the parties aforesaid have h£reunto set our hands
(The above copy of the treaty of 1818 is then signed by the respective
parties.
It was then witnessed and recorded.
The Penobscot Reservation is nowhere near the size today that it was in
1818.
In the next few Newsletters the various treaties and resolves will
be printed showing how our Penobscot Reservation has come to be so dimished.
same information is found relating to the Passamaquoddy Tribe,
l.ncJ ndcd also. - Ed.)
1818 .
Also the Newsletter will print some of the treaties made before
As the
this will be
SIOUX LAl·1MAKER DETAILS INDIAN FUTURE - PROBLEl1S, ATTITUDES
(The following article appeared in the January 196 7 issue of 11The Optimist Mag
azine."
Its author, Rep. Ben Reifel, is a-member of the Rosebud Sioux Tribe
and a former U.S.Bureau of Indian Affairs employee.
Congress from South Dakota since
1 961 . )
He has been a member of
American Indians on U.S .. reservations and in many cities like Minneapolis
and Chicago are amongst the lowest income groups of our society.
This results
from a shortage of jobs and/or s�ills on the reservations and in the cities,
usually because of lack of social and technical preparation.
The Federal Government, through the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the
churches, via their missonary programs, worked hard for 100 years to educate,
but it uas not until 1 92 8 that high school training for Indians got under way
in any great measure.
Only in the last twenty years have Indian children had
all 12 grades available to them.
·ar on Poverty programs are adding to Bureau of Indian Affa:lrs' efforts.
Pre-school projects were initiated 30 years ago,
funded.
but never were adequately
?-!ow with Office of Economic Opportunity efforts on a nat'ionwide scale,
Indians are getting some help in this area of-education.
Increased attention to disadvantaged minorities growing out of recent
civil rights legislation will tend to focus national interest on social and
economic deficiencies among Indians •
•
•
•
People everywhere are slow to change.
20 , 000 years before Columbus or Leif Ericson.
The Indians were here probably
The life-ways of the many Indian
peoples' cultures are not easily uprooted and they should not be.
Yet,
�ome
hold back social change necessary to a meaningful modern American existence.
Here are some basics in this regard:
1.
T·Je Americans pride ourselves on our capacity to conquer nature
(space) - the Indian's main reliance was on his ability to live
We Americans predicate our actions on
in harmony with nature.
For example,
Indians historically lived for today.
tomorrow.
Americans look at their watches not to see the time it is, but
to see what time it isn't yet!
2.
1
Americans through their acquisitiveness strive to accumulate prop
(Continued on Page 12)
�12)
( Con t in ued from Page 11)
ty whi c h in gener al is pre stige f 11.
r�<l� .,ns !°''l -; sha-.,.
·---��'("
go ods ma inly as a h i storical kind of soc i c:..l . ':'''H:. lt y an..i in p�i:-t
to achieve st at ure among the ir own peer s .
By the ve":·y na t ure o f
o ur soc i e t y this " sharing , ii wh i l e a f ine gestu :e i n e xprc..s sing
bro therhood to man , t oo o �en is carr ied to a faul t in i t s appl ica
t ion in o ur modern t ime s.
e
-
3.
He Amer i c an s are o b se ssed wi th schedul e s .
We mal:e e xc use s to o ur
asso c iate s when ·we don ' t show up on time for appo intme n t s .
Ind ians
p l ace no gre a t stor e on this phenomenon we re fer to as •;time . "
They
even l a c k a word for it i n the ir l anguage .
4.
An impor tant par t of o ur American e conomic deve lopmen t i s based on
per sona l savings and the ir pro f i tab l e r e inv e st ment .
In the nature
o f things Ind i ans found i t to the ir d i sadvan tage to save .
5.
Ame r i c an s thro ugh a long pro c e ss of many generations have d eve loped
In
a h i gh r e gard for wor k a s a par t o f the ir fami ly upbringin g .
t h e Ind ian s ' hunting and food-ga thering e c onomy, t h e men were warr iors
and hun t er
The ted io us tasks to ma in tain the fami ly and the
l o ca l c o mmun i ty wer e le ft to the o ld men and women.
Thi s was e ssen
t i a l t o e xi sten c e in a t er r i tory where tr i be s wer e con t inua l l y war
r ing against each o ther.
•
The for e go in g signif i c an t d i f ferences have been overcome e f fe ctive ly wi th
e duc a t ion and job o ppor t un i t i e s .
Un for tuna te ly, as ind i cated e ar l ier , work
for a money economy is no t read i l y avai l abl e on the r e serva t ions.
Ind ividuals
who hav� r e sponded t o e d uc a t i o and have an e ffe c t ive d e sire for a d e cent l eve l
of l iv i n g have f o und i t n e c e ssar y to l e ave the r e servations • • •
Ind i an s can chan ge wit ho ut lo sing the subst an ce o f the ir c ul t ure.
There
ar e suf f i c i e n t e xamp l e s everywher e by wh ich we and the Indians can take he ar t • • •
(From Ind ian Re c o rd , Hashington , D . C. , F e br uary 19 6 8 )
TRIBAL HOUSIPG AIDE NAMED
EAS TPORT - Fran c i s S ap i e l has been se l e c t e d ho using coord inator ·for the
Sapie l was born
Passamaquo dd y Triba l Co un c i l s ' Co mmun i t y Action Pro gram.
He i s marr ied t o the
and e duc a t ed in Old Town and is a !or ld War II ve teran.
former Mar y Ni cho l a s of Pleasant Point and has e igh t chi ldren.
Upon b e in g se l e c ted , S ap i e l i ssued the fo l lo wing st a tement:
111 have under t ake n the par t of Housing Coord ina tor of bo th Passamaquod d y
Reserva t ions in Washington Coun t y b e c a use the r e serva t ion i s my home and the
home of my p e o pl e • • • • "
11More peo p l e wan t t o o wn their o w� homes .
The people want homes to·be
avai lab l e , and the y want to d e c ide , thro ugh their Tribal Housing Authoritie s ,
wher e the home s wi l l be p la c e d .
&ow there i s no de cent ho using ava i l a ble ,
even for per sons wi t h higher income .
Housing i s poor and is ge t ting dep lorable . ';
"The Passamaquo dd y peo p l e need a ho us ing program that wi l l of fer warm
I am d e t ermined to he l p
and good housing to per sons of a l l income leve l s.
the p e o p l e o n the Passamaquodd y Reservations cre ate and c arry thro ugh whatever
t yp e of ho using prbgra m the y ·wan t .11
The �for the 19th carried a
(From the Bangor D ai l y News, 2 / 2 3/ 68 .
p i c t ur e o f John Ni cho las and Mor r i s Brooks , o f Pleasan� Point and Indian Town
ship Re servations resp e c tive l y , on the ir d e par t ure for a 6 -wee ks tr aining pro
See le tter on Page 8 , thi s i s s ue . - Ed .)
gram for CAP o f f ic i a l s in Wi sconsin.
�(lS)
I
CO�OP CRAF T TEACHDYG UEVIVE S OLD S T!"LLS
A ne v exper iment in a coopera t ive craf t t e aching progr am on a connuen i ty
c a s i s is now und erway in the Nu lterry Commun i ty , near S t i lwe l l , Cidahoma .
The e f for t i s j o in t ly sponsored by the Cheroke e Tr i�e , t he peop . e of the
Mu lberry Commun i ty , the loca l schoo l d i s t r i c t and the u . s . ure au of Ind ian
Affair s .
I t s aim is to teach local adu l t s the ski l l s nece s s ary for them to
produce high qua l i ty cra f t i t ems .
.
Among the ski l l s taugh t ar e s p l i t whi t e oak baske t ry , po t t ery and ceramic s ,
t ex t i l e s , and s ewing .
Among the t e achers is Ge orge Gibso n of Spr ing f ie l d ,
Ark . , who ha s been making and s e l l ing taske t s for the pas t 60 of his 7 7 year s .
�hen the s tuden t s comp l e te t he ir course of ins tru ct ion they wi l l b e e l ig
ib l e to j o in a cra f t a s s o c i a t ion i n the ir home commun i ty .
F ir s t qua l i ty
i t ems produc e d by cr a f t smen find a ready marke t through the Oklahoma Cheroke e
Ar t s and Cr af t s Center .
(From Ind i an Record , Washing ton , D . C . , January 1 9 6 8 )
__
S TUDY DE110UCE S IND IAN AID E ILL
{ Sp e c i a l to The Time s from The Was hing ton Po s t )
HAS HINGTON - A s tudy b a s e d on the s e cr e t find ings o f a Hhi t e Hou s e task
for c e ca l l s for ma j or chang e s in the way the government he lps Amer i c an Ind i an s .
The s tudy , wr i t ten by He rbert E . S tr iner of the W . E . Up j ohn In s t i tu t e for
Emp l oymen t Re s earch , say s the governmen t mu s t s top t re a t ing Ind ians as 1 1 s imp le
mind ed chi ldren . 1 1
I t also at tacks the Adminis trat ion ' s Ind ian e conomic aid
b i l l , pend ing in Congre s s , as showing 1 1 a trag ic mi sconcept ion • · o f the ir r e a l
need s .
Au t hor S tr iner says he \vro te the s tudy on his mm for Congre s s ' Jo in t
Economi c Commi t te e .
But o thers say S triner was a t ask for ce member , and has
inc lud e d a number of the 1 9 66 pane l ' s never -re leased con c lu s ions as we l l as hi s
own .
The s tudy b las t s the economi c-aid measure , sen t to Cap i t o l Hi l l l a s t May ,
for 1 : comp l e t e ly ' 1 ignor ing In<l ian ne e d s for educat ion , training , hou s ing , \1e l fare
and he a l th he l p " a t a leve l of fund ing never proper ly unders tood . "
(From the S t . Pe t ersburg ( F l a . ) Time s , 2 / 14 / 68 - submi t t ed by a r e ader . )
SEP .
KEHIIBDY
SAYS IND IAN "FORGOTTElln
F OR T HALL , Idaho - (AP) - Sen . r.ob e r t F . Kennedy , D-lI . Y . , t o l d Ind i an � ,
Mr . Kennedy , chairman of a Sena t e
"You d on ' t have to a c c e p t the s e cond i t i on s . "
subcommi t t e e on Ind ian Educat ion , tour ed the snow- swep t F t . Ha l l Ind ian Re serva
t ion ye s terd ay , vi s i t ing schoo l s , hea l th fac i l i t ie s and Ind i an home s .
He s a id the Ind ian is the · forgo t t en American : : and i s behind the Negro ,
Puer to Ri can and Mex ican -American in the aid he is r e c e iving in r i s ing above
pove r ty .
The le\·7 York Demo crat c i t ed the schoo l drop -ou t r a t e , the uns a t i s
fac tory cond i t ion o f Ind ian educa t ion , the $ 1 , 500 average annual income o f
working Ind i an s , a n unemp loymen t r a t e 10 t ime s tha t of whi t e s , the ir 1 0-year s
shor ter l if e s pan , and a child death rate twic e tha t of the whi t e popu lat ion .
(From the Providence . (R . I . ) Evening B u l l e t in , 1 / 3/ 68 - submi t te d by a
read er . >
.
PLEASANT POINT VISTA PICTURED
D a i ly News o f F ebruary 26th carried a p i c ture of Ple a s an t Poin t
11le E angor
VIS TA Uorke r , An thony P-ex Thoma s , t e aching an ar ithme t i c c l a s s to Pas s amaquoddy
Thoma s t eache s 6 r ead ing c l a s s e s and 1 ar ithme t i c c la s s and hope s ·
s tuden t s .
to e s t ab l i sh an on-the - j ob train ing program b e fore l eaving the Res ervat ion a t
C l a s s e s a r e h e l d in a t empor
the end of h i s o n e y e ar tour -of-duty i n Augus t .
ar y c l a s sroom l o aned by the governor and tribal coun c i l to the Dep t . of Educ a t ion .
�( 14 )
WANTED :
DEPUTY COMMIS S IONER OF HIDIAH AFFAT-:'..
Tb e Maine S t a te D epar tment of Ind ian Af fair s is now ac t ive ly recru i t ing
for a D E p u t y Commi s s ioner , a po s i t ion approved by the S e p t emb er s pe c ia l
s e s s ion o f the 103rd Leg i s la ture .
Announcemen t s o f t h e new opening a. r e b e ing
c ir cu l a t e d by the D epar tment of Per s onne l and the Ind ian Af fair s Depar t�ent ,
both wi thin and ou t s id e of Maine , as s t a te r e s idency requiremen t s have b een
waived for this po s i tion.
The Depu ty wi l l b e r e s pons ib le for " p l ann ing , deve l o p ing and admini s tering
a var i e ty of s t a t e and feder a l con s tru c t ion program s 1 1 on the 3 Re s ervat ions
in Maine.
He w i l l b e r e s pon s ib le " in conjunc tion with trib a l off icial s for
d e termining prior i t ie s of cap i t a l improvemen t pr o j e c t s needed on the Re serva t ions ;
for exp lor ing var ious me thod s by wh ich such pro j e c t s may be financed and con
s truc t e d ; and for prov iding adminis trative and te chnical a s s i s tance to the
Tr ibe s and o ther r e s our c e s for capi tal improvement pro j e c t s . "
Current a c t iv i t i e s on al l 3 Re s ervat ions invo lve federa l ly-as s i s t ed s ewage ,
water and hous ing pr ograms , under the d ir e c tion of the 3 R e s erva tion Hous ing
Au thor i t i e s .
From Augu s t ' 66 through Decemb er 1 6 7 , Mr . An thony Ka l i s s , as a
s ta f f member of the Ame r ican Fr iend s Serv i ce Commi t te e a s s igne d to the Dept. o f
Ind i an A f f a ir s , h a s b e e n per forming the above func tion s wi th the 3 R e servat ions
and ( s ince the ir forma t i on ) the Tr i b a l Hous ing Author i t i e s .
Mr . Kal i s s is
now t empor ar i ly o c cupying the Depu ty ' s po s i t ion un t i l such time a s a permanent
Deputy is hire d ; he is not app lying for the po s i tion h ims e l f.
The work of the Deputy Commi s s ioner w i l l require " con s iderab le ab i l ity
t o int erpr e t t e chn i c a l pr ogram r equir ement s to Tr ibal and non-Ind ian individuals
and o f f i c i a l s , and t o interpr e t the nee d s and concerns o f the Re s ervat ion r e s i
d en t s to appropr i a t e s ta t e and federal agency repr e senta tive s . "
The Deputy
wi l l exer c i s e " a high degree of independ e n t j udgment in analy z ing and s o lv ing
t e chn i ca l and admin i s trat ive prob lems . "
Bas i c qua l i f ic a t ion s for thi s important new po s i t ion inc lud e " con s iderab le
r e spon s ib l e exper ience in deal ing and working with minor i ty and / or underd eve l oped
group s , inc lud ing exper ience in an admini s trat ive or supervisory capac i ty ; and
gradua t ion from a Four-year co l lege or un iver s i ty with spec ial i z a t ion in so cial
s c ience s , l iberal ar t s or r e l a te d areas . "
1 1Ab i l i t y to expr e s s id e a s c l early and conc i s e ly , ora l ly and in -wr i t ing ,
i s impor t ant .
Suf f i c ient phy s i ca l s t amina to trave l ex tens ive ly and t o a t tend
many even ing mee t ings , and the ab i l i ty to dr ive a car and the ava i l ab i l i ty o f
a c a r are e s s en t i a l . 1 1
The Deputy ' s po s i t ion is a c l as s i f i e d s t ate c iv i l s ervice one � wi th a :
Regu lar s a l ary increa s e s wou ld eventu a l ly
s tar t ing · s a l ary o f $ 1 69. 00 per week .
b r ing thi s to $ 20 6 . 00 per week , over a per iod of year s at current pay s ca le s .
As in a l l c l a s s i f ie d s ta t e po s i t ions , th�s one a ls o invo .lve s such " fr inge"
b e ne f i t s as promo t iona l oppor tuni t i e s , l iberal vacat ion and s ick leave , r e t ire
men t programs , ho s p i ta l coverage and l i fe�insurance p l ans , and a l ongev i ty p lan .
Maine i s an Equ a l Oppor tun i ty Emp l oyer .
On February 2 8 t h , the D e p t . o f Ind ian Affa ir s s ent notice s of this po s i t ion
The Per s onnel Depar t
to more than 60 Ind i an new s paper s throughout the coun try .
ment has routinely mai l e d mor e than 5 0 0 announcemen t s o f t h e po s i t ion in the
In add i t ion , some 50 ind ividu a l s or agen c i e s that have c lo s e
New Eng l and ar e a .
con t a c t w i th Ind i an t r ib e s throughout the Un i t ed S ta t e s wi l l b e conta cte d a s
sour ce s o f re ference.
Any News le t ter r e ad er i�tere s ted in l e arning more about thts j ob oppor tun
i t y , or in ob t a in ing the s ta t e app l i cat ion forms for the po s i t ion , or who kngws
s ome one who migh t be intere s te d in the p o s i t ion , is urged to contac t : DEPT . OF
App l ications
IND IAN AFFAIRS , S TATE HOUS E , AUGUS TA , MAINE 043 3 0 wi thou t de l ay .
wi l l be a c c e p t e d un t i l May 2 6 , 1 9 68 ; examining and r a t ing by the Per sonne l Dept. ,
and s e le c t ion by the D ep t . o f Indian Affair s , wi l l o c cur a f t er t hat date.
/
�15 )
FERRY - Rand a l l Ni cho l s of the U . s . Departmen t of Lab or , Bur e au of Appr e n
t i ce s h i p a n d Tr a in ing , Augu s t a , was a v i s i tor a t P l
Nich
e a s ant Po in t Tue s d ay .
o l s me t wi th d ir e c to r s of the Pas s amaquoddy Tr ib a l Coun c
i l s ' c . A . P . B o ard and
o the r s of t he C . A . P . s t a f f to d i s �u s s having an on-the- j ob tra ining pro j e c t for
t he Pa s s ama quod d y Ind i an s .
The po s s ib i l i ty o f adu l t educat ion c l a s s e s wa s
a l s o d i s cu s s e d .
In o rd er to qual ify f or federal money f o r an o n - the - j ob t r a in ing pro j e c t ,
t he Ind i an C . A . P . connni t t e e mu s t submi t a pr opo s a l to W a s hingt on , ou t l ining the
typ e s o f work in the ar e a in wh i ch worker shor t ag e s ex i s t , an d g ive f irm as sur
anc e from p r o s p ec t ive emp l oyers that they are wi l l ing to t ake on one or more
p er so n s
to t r a in for the maximum per iod .
Thi s wou ld be sub s id i z ed by feder a l
fund s a t t h e r a t e o f $ 25 per week , per per son in train ing .
Und er
t h i s s y s t em ,
a counc i lor wou ld be hired to
s p o t s b e tw e en emp l oy e r and t r a ine e ,
smo o t h out
the rough
s o tha t prob l ems and mi s und er s t and ings could
b e s o lv e d w i thout unne c e s s ary t ime l o s s .
Coun c i l s e s s ions wou ld b e he l d two
or more n i gh t s a week and the emp l oyer wou l d a l s o b e vi s i t e d a t l e a s t once a
we ek by the coun c i l or .
The D e p ar tme n t of Educ a t i on , r e pr e s en t e d by the
l o c a l super in tenden t o f
s cho o l s , wou ld he l p in cho o s ing a n d approving a qua l i f i e d counc i l or .
s hor tage s
ing wer e me n t io ned :
mo to r r e p a i rman ;
o i l burner and furnac e r e p a irman ;
nav ig at o r s ;
men t o p e r a t o r s and r e p a irman �
c arpen t er s ;
A t tend ing Tue s d ay ' s me e t ing were :
A l t ava t or ,
Work
in d i f ferent o c cup a t ions wer e d i s cu s s ed a t the me e t ing and the fo l l ow
C.A. P.
Board s e cr e t ary ;
p lumb e r s ;
Linwood S ap i e l ,
Tony Thoma s ,
Main s tr e am aide ; Andr eu D ana , hou s ing aide ;
of Ind ian A f f a ir s ;
l awn mower and ou tb oard
e l e c t r i c ian s ;
heavy e qu i p
hou s ing d ir e c tor ; R i t a
VIS TA vo lun teer ; Mary Yarma l ,
Edward Hinckley ,
G overnor Jo s e ph Mi t che l l ; D an i e l F r anc is ,
s t a t e commi s s ioner
C .A . P .
e c onomic
a ide ; Jeane t t e 1oore , memb er of Gov ernor ' s Counc i l ; B e s s i e S t an l e y , commun i ty
a i de ; Virg inia Po t t l e , S andr a Po t t le , Kenn e th Newe l l and Barbara Ke nd a l l .
(From the Bangor Da i ly New s , 2 / 2 9 / 6 8 �
S e e s t ory on Page 1 5 , January i s sue . 1
DE SERVES SUPPORT •
F or t he pa s t s everal mon t hs
tha t wi l l ,
f�me to Skowhegan ' s Ind ian name .
s cu l p ture ,
comp l e t e .
amoun t .
'
to pay f or the c arving and
i
The carv ng ,
a lr eady underway by the no t e d
$ 10 , 000 .
Alre ady ,
t he l o c a l a s s o c
through i t s own e f f or t s r a i s ed severa l thous and d o l lar s toward s t h i s
Even
though thi s
i s a pro j e c t / this group ha s und a:t aken t o advance
i t · d e s erve s
the support of a l l .
• • •
(From t he Somer s e t Repor ter . ( S kowhegan ) , 2 / 1 5 / 68 .
6 7 New s le t t er and fo l low-up s tory nex t mon th . - Ed . )
PASSAMAQUODDY GIRL
Mi s s Veron i ca Moore ,
in S e p t emb e r ,
g r and -d augh ter of Mr s .
Mary Moor e ,
1968 .
A s e n ior a t Shead Memor i a l Highs choo l in Eas tpor t ,
d o in Co l le g e ' s Upward Bound progr am dur ing
a f ormer Upward Bound s tuden t ,
B idde ford . }
8,
Ple a s an t Po in t ,
N.H. ,
for admi s s i on
and a s tuden t a t Bow
the p a s t two y e ar s , Veron i c a wi l l
b e e n t e r ing Co lby Jun ior ' s 2 -year s e cr e t ar i a l program .
Ind ian Town s hip ,
S e e s tory on Page
GAINS COLLEGE AC CE PTANCE
has b e en a c c e p t e d by Co lby Jun i or C o l lege in New Lond on ,
Co l le g e ,
. ere c t t9n
B e rnard Lang l a i s o f Cu shing , Maine , wi l l t ake a numb er o f mon ths to
the image o f Sl-:owhe gan ,
May
•
in i t s un i quene s s , br ing muclL pul:ii c i ty and
The e s t ima t e d co s t was approx ima t e ly
i a t ion h a s
•
the Skowhegan Tour i s t Ho s p i t a l ity A s s o c i a t ion
has been qu i e t ly en gaged in r a i s ing fund s
of an Ind i an monume n t
•
(George W i s eman ,
of
i s now a fre shman a t S t . F r anc i s
�(16)
D IP.EC TORS OF COUNTY E . D . C . MEE T A T M' CHIAC
by Ri chard Varney , S e c r e tary
The dire c t or s of vJashing ton Coun ty E conomi c Deve lopmen t Corpor a t ion me t
a t the F ed era l Bui ld ing , Nachia s , on \Jedne sday even ing , January 3 1 , ui.th Pre s
ident Nat han Cohen pr e s i d ing
Gue s t s were as fo l l ows : i J i l l iam F i t zhenry ,
Economi c Deve l opme n t Admin i s trat ion , Por t l and o f f i c e ; Waldo Tibb e t t s , As s i s t ant
D i r e c t or , PR IDE ; Tony Ka l i s s , Departmen t o [ Ind ian Affair s ; Ar chie LaCoo te ,
Ind i an Re s erva t ion C . A . P . D i r e c tor , Pr in ce ton ; Tony Thoma s , Franc i s S apie l ,
John Ni cho l a s and Eugene Fran c i s , a l l of Plea s ant Point .
The f ir s t order of bu s i ne s s wa s to l i s ten to a propo s a l from the Ind ian
R e s erva t ion Hou s ing Au thor i t ie s , which are a sking for a government grant of
$ 650 , 000 to f inance t he fo l lowing faci l i t ie s :
P l e a s an t Poin t Re s erva t ion : Con s truct ion of a new comp l e t e s ewer age system
inc l ud ing t r e a tmen t f ac i l it i e s
exp an s ion of the ex i s t ing wa ter mains a t the
Re s erva t ion to provid e a comp l e t e po t ab l e wa ter supp ly and conne c t ion s to each
home
Ind i an Town ship Re s erva t i on ( Pe t er Dana Poin t cormnun i ty ) : Cons truct ion
of a n ew wa ter d i s t r ibut ion , treatmen t and pr e s sure s y s t em , wh i ch wi l l provide
a s our ce o f fr e s h and pur e wa ter to the Re s erva t ion home s
ex tens ion s of
exi s t ing s ewag e co l le c t ion l ine s
The
App l i c a t ion i s b e ing made to the E . D . A . for the F e der a l share ( 70%) .
S t a t e of Maine is �o con t r ibute the b a lance ( 3 0% ) .
The Ind i an Re serva t i on
Hou s ing Au thor i t i e s ar e t he app l i can t s , and their repr e s e n t a t ive s a sked for a
" le t t e r of endor s eme n t 1 1 from the Coun ty Deve lopment Cor porat ion .
The D ir e c tor s vo ted to support the pro j e c t s and d ir e c t e d the Secretary
to pr epare a l e t ter ind i c a t ing the i r endor s emen t
Mr . F i t zhenry of E . D . A . que s t ioned the makeup of our Board a s to i t s me e t
i n g t h e r e qu ir ement s of an Overa l l E conomic D eve lopmen t Plan commi t tee .
For
o n e t hing , he s ta ted that i t d id n o t have any repr e s en ta tion from minori ty
group s .
Qui te a long and hea t ed d i s cus s ion r e s u l ted
(From the Machi a s News Ob s erver , 2 / 14 / 68 )
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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•
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• • • •
CLUB COLLEC TS FOR INDIANS
WI S CAS SET - G ame s and s ewing ma t e r ia l s wi l l be co l le c ted for Maine Ind ian s
by memb e r s o f A l pha Iota Chapter of B e t a Sigma Phi as par t of the ir s ervice
work this y e ar .
A l e t ter has b e en rece ived from E l i zab e t h S tanley , an aide with the Ind ian
Commun i ty Ac t i on Program , who s a id that the Ind ians wou l d appre c ia te game s of
all t ype s and any kind o f s ewing ar t ic l e s .
I f the re s iden t s of the commun i ty wou ld l ike to don a t e such ar t i c l e s ,
they may con tac t Mr s . Jack Winter s , Mr s . Edvi l l e Howland or Mr s . An thony Jord an
for p i ck-up .
(From t he Brun swi ck Time s -Re col'.ld , 2 / 14/ 6 8 )
SMOKE S IGNALS
Working at the d e s k nex t to mine on the 1 6 th f l oor of a bui ld ing in Bar t l e s
v i l l e , Ok la . , was a Cherokee Ind i an .
From our van tage poin t on a c lear day
we c ou ld s e e for mi l e s .
One morn ing we s a1:-1 smoke r i s ing from a f ire on the
hor i z on .
My fr iend went to the wind6w , shaded his eye s wi th hi s hand and
s tud ied the smoke f or a l ong momen t .
Turn ing to me w i th a twinkle in hi s eye ,
he s aid , " I don ' t b e lieve a word of i t . "
(From the Reader ' s D i g e s t , February 1 9 6 8 )
�( 1 7)
FRON HERE AND THERE
S i s t er Nary Lawr ence , 8 5 , a S i s ter of Mercy who a t one t ime served in
Lewi s ton , d i e d S aturday at the ord er ' s Mo ther House at Por t land a f t er a long
i l lne s s
S i s ter Nary Lawrence had serve d at a l l three of Ma ine ' s Ind ian reser
vat io n s
(From the Le·w i s ton-Auburn Journa l , 1 / 29 / 68 )
•
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•
•
•
•
The Pe j e p s c o t Hi s tor i c a l S o c i e ty mee t ing at Bowd o in Co l lege o n January
29th he ard a t a lk by Dr . Robert Cummin s of ""owdoinham on the Ma l i s e e t Ind ian
Tribe of Merryme e t ing Bay .
The E angor D a i ly Nei:·1s of February 1 7- 1 8 th carr ied a p i c ture of the fir s t
a l l - Ind i an Pas s amaqu oddy B o y S cout troop , chartered a t spec i a l exer c i s e s i n
Prince ton on February 1 3 th .
Pic tured were Scou t s Timmy S teven s , . en j amin
S t evens , Char l e s S tevens , Augu s t ine S tevens , Howard S tevens , Chr i s topher Po l c he s ,
John Dana ; S cou tmas ter G i lbert: He l l s , Ind ian Town ship Governor John S t evens ,
and are a S cou t exe cu t ive Ear l Reed .
Among the town record s of Phi l l i p s town are volume s of cop i e s of d e e d s
repor t ing s a l e s _ o f land from Ind ian Sagamore s to ear ly re s ident s of the com
mun i ty , whi ch b e c ame the town of S anford some 100 year s after be ing e s tab l i shed
as Phi l l i p s t own .
Colby C o l lege Sen ior David Berube , who served as a V I S TA Vo lunteer on
the Ind i an Town ship De s ervat ion for a ye ar , spoke to s tudent a s s emb l i e s at
Coney High Scho o l , Augu s t a , and Ken t s Hi l l S choo l , Ken t s Hi l l , recen t ly , about
hi s work on the P.e serva t ions last year and the n a t iona l V I S TA program .
Mon t ana S t a t e Univer s i ty , found ed on o l d Ind ian hun ting ground s , d id �
honor an Ind i an l e ad er , Darney Old Coyo te at i t s 7 S th ann iversary ce lebrat ion
Old Coyo te , 4 5 , wi l l r e c e ive an honorary d o c torate for many
during F ebruary .
ach ieveme n t s .
They inc lud e his pr e s ent work as a s s i s t ant to Secre t ary of In
ter ior S tewar t Ud a l l in charge of Job Cor ps camps .
Pas s amaquoddy Leg i s la t ive Repre senta t ive George Fran c i s , of Pleasant
Po in t , t e s t i fied in Augus t a on February 2 1 s t be fore a 5 -man subcommi t tee of the
Leg i s l at ive Re s ear ch Commi t tee , d i s cu s s ing s t a te l i quor laws and Li quor Com
Repr e s enta tive Franc i s repor ted tha t boot legg ing is r i fe on
mi s s ion ru l e s .
"He don ' t have a wa t er supply
the tribal r e s erva tions in W a shing ton Coun ty .
(BDN , 2 / 2 2/ 68 )
but we have l i quor , a t boot l eg pr i ce s , " he said .
S e quoia tre e s ar e named after the Cherokee chie f , S e quo -Yah , who com
p l e ted the f ir s t a l phab e t ever d ev i s ed for an Ind i an tongue .
Senator E . L . Bar t le t t , D-Alaska , warned of a grave and po tent ia l JJ · ��- .
ger ou s s i tu a t ion in the na tion ' s ar c t ic reg ions whe r e U . s . c i t i zeL s o( E s k imn
and Ind ian s tock r e ly pr imarily on caribou for the ir pr in c i pa l food sonfte
Ar c t i c l i chen , or tundra mo s s , ha s been found to be he av i ly con tamina ted w i th
two r ad ioac t ive e l emen t s , as r e su l t of fa l lout prior to the world b an on nuc lear
In each s tep of
te s t ing .
Caribou eat the l i chen as a ma in food source .
the food chain , the amoun t s of the rad ioac t ive e l emen t s become incre as ing ly
concentr a t ed .
The e lemen t s affe c t the mu tat ion o f gene s truc tur e which can
lead to d e f ormi t i e s in unborn ch i l dren , and also can cau s e leukemia and bone
cancer .
Bar t le t t was te s t i fy ing at a he ar ing chaired by Sena tor Edmund s .
Muskie , D-Ma ine , on nuc lear air and water po l lu t i on .
_
�c8)
r£ SERVATION PLANNING DISCUS SEn
of
AUGUS TA
The fir s t compr ehens ive e conomic deve l opmen t pl an in 300 year s
con t ac t be tween the Pas s amaquoddy Tr ibe of Maine and non -Indian immigran t s
was the s ub j e c t of d i s cu s s ion a t a n in ter -agency mee ting he ld i n Augu s ta on
Mar ch S t � .
Repre s en t a t iv e s of the Pa s s amaquoddy Tr ib a l Counc i l s ' Commun ity
Ac t ion Progr�, the S ta te Depar tmen t s o f Ind ian Affair s , Economi c Oppor tun i ty
and E conomic Deve lopme n t , and the U . S . Depar tmen t of Hou s ing and Urb an Deve lop
men t me t in a day - l ong s e s s ion to d i s c u s s the pr o cedur e s to be fol lowed in ob tain
ing a feder a l gran t for 75% of the co s t of a compr ehen s ive p l an for the two . Pa s s
ama quodd y Re s erva tions in Washing ton Coun ty .
I t i s an tic ipated tha t the 2 5 % non
F ederal r e quiremen t cou l d be me t by the provi s ion of cash and s ervi ce s by various
s ta t e depar tmen t s .
Pa s samaquoddy C . A . P . Direc tor Ar chie LaCoo te and his Hou s ing Coord inator ,
F r anc i s Sapie l , wi l l b e d i s cu s s ing the s e po s s ib i l i t ie s w i th the Trib e s ' Commun i ty
Ac t i on b oard o f d i r e c t or s in mee t ing s this week , a s s i s ted by repre s en ta t ive s o f
a New York - b a s e d consu l t ing f irm , Communi ty Change , Inc . , wh ich i s con tracted
to the C . A . P .
The federal r e pr e s e n t a t ive s emphas i zed the ir in tere s t in making any p lan
comp kt: e enough to e l imina te the nec e s s i ty for such a document in fu ture app l i ca
tions t o fede r a l agen c i e s for s p e c i f i c programs .
· The Pa s s amaquoddy Trib e s (as
we l l a s the Penob s c o t Tr ib e ) have a lready begun nego t ia t i ons w i th the De pt . of
Hous i ng and Urban Deve lopmen t , and the federal E conomic Deve lopmen t Admin i s tra t ion ,
for t he d eve l opmen t o f ad e qu a t e s ewage , wa ter and hous ing programs on the 3 Re s
erva t ion s .
I f approved , the s e w i l l r e pre s en t the f ir s t such programs on any
� Re s ervat ion in the coun try , though they are increas ing ly common o � Re s er
va tions whi ch are under the j ur i s d i c t i on o f the fe der a l government .
A typical comprehen s ive p lan wou l d inc l ud e an inve n t ory of the human , phy s
i ca l and na tura l r e s ource s o f the a r e a in que s t ion ; a s tudy of the s e re source s
and any prob lems a f f e c t i�g the ir deve lopmen t ; and s pe c i f i c sugge s t ions for fu ture
The Tr ibe would b e as ked to
improvemen t pro grams to d evelop the s e r e s ource s .
appr ove the propo s a l b e fore it is submi t ted to the DHUD , and wou l d se le c t and
over s e e the con s u l t an t to carry ou t the s tudy .
Ind ian Commi s s ioner Edward Hin ckley told the New Engl and Regional Commi s
s ion in Novemb er , 1 96 7 , a t a pub l i c hearing : " The Tr ib e s of Maine have l i t t l e
or no u s e ab l e in come a t pr e s en t .
The deve lopmen t o f Tribal re s our c e s i s an
obv ious n e c e s s i ty .
It i s too l a t e to turn b ack through Co lon i a l h i s t ory and
preven t today ' s Ind i an prob lems .
Maine ' s fir s t c i t i zen s mus t be a s s i s ted so
t hey may p l ay a meaningfu l and proud par t in the S ta t e ' s s oc i a l and e conomic
deve lopmen t . "
The Mar ch 5 th mee t ing wi l l open the door to the s e goa l s for the Pas sama
quoddy Tr ib e ; t he c ooper a t ion b e twe en the Tr ib e s ' own Commun i ty Ac tion Program
and the appro pr iate s ta t e and fede r a l agen c i e s w i l l make pos si b l e s ome long
overdue compr ehens ive Tr ib a l p l anning .
-
IND IAN YOU TH ADVANCE THEIR EDUCATION
Mi s s Alb er t a Nicho la s , daughter of Mr . and Mr s . Jo seph Ni cho las of Pleasant
Po in t , s t a r t e d t ra in ing a s a Prac t i c a l Nur s e a t the Nor thern Maine S choo l of
Ap p l y ing las t S e p t ember to the S ta t e ' s nur s ing scho o l s
Nur s in g in Pre s qu e I s l e .
Mi s s Ni cho l a s ' admi s s ion had to be p o s tponed un t i l t h e March c l a s s due to a
s hor tage o f space .
Mr . David Franc i s , Jr . , son of Mr . and Mr s . David . Franc i s , Sr . , of Pl easan t
Poin t , h a s b e en · accep ted in nex t S e p t embe r ' s freshmen c l a s s a t the Nor thern
Mr . Fran c i s i s pre s e n t ly a sen ior at
Maine Vocat iona l - Te chni c a l Ins t i ttt e .
Shead Memor i a l High S cho o l , in E a s tpor t .
B o th s tuden t s w i l l be bene f i t ing from the Ind ian s cho l arships au tho r i zed
by the S ta t e B oard of Educat ion in the summer o f 1 9 6 6 .
�(19)
HinCKLEY ANNOUNCE S PROGMH REDUCTICNS
Due
to
inc r e a s e d c o s t s o f go od s and servi c e s provL� 2 d by the :nd ian Af f a i r s
Commi s s i oner Edward Hinc k l ey a s ke d the January s p e c i a l s e s s ion o f
t he l 0 3r d Leg i s l a ture f o r supp l eme n t a l appropr i a t ions of $ 4 8 , 000 f o r t h e remaind e r
D e par tmen t ,
of t he cur ren t f i s c a l y e ar and for nex t f i s c a l year , b e g inn ing Ju ly 1 , 1 9 6 8 .
The fina l re s u l t o f th i s r e que s t wa s an add i t ional sum o f $ 1 8 , 000 for the curren t
y e ar only , and order s t o Hin ck ley t o take imme d i a t e s t e p s t o keep' depar tmen t a l
s pend ing w i thin the l e g i s l a ture ' s appropr i a t ion .
( S e e s tory o n P a g e 1 9 , January
New s le t ter .
- Ed
.
)
At a Pe nob s c o t Tr ib a l me e t ing on F ebruary 2 1 s t , a j o in t me e t ing of the
Pas s ama quoddy Counc i l s on F ebruary 2 5 t h , and Pa s s amaquoddy Tr ibal mee t ing s at
P l e a s an t
Po i n t and Ind ian Town ship on the 2 6 t h and 2 7 th , Hi nckley d i s cu s s e d the
s i tua t i on and t he ne c e s s ary program reduc tions wi th the Ind i an s .
As an ind iv idua l as s i s tan c e p�ogram , b a s e d on s p e c i f i c in c ome and n ee d ,
has b een in e f f e c t a t t he Penob s c o t Re s erva t ion for y e ar s , r e du c t i on s there wi l l
b e accomp l i s he d o n a c a s e -by- c a s e b a s i s , oper a t ing ��i thin the fund s ava i l ab l e
for the r en:.z inder o f the f i s ca l year .
At t he Pa s s amaquo ddy Re s erva t i�ns , an ind iv idual a s s i s tance program i s
b e ing s e t u p b y f i e l·� agen t H . G .We s ton ; work o n such a progr am , wh i ch was d e emed
e s s e n t i a l by the D ep t . of He a l t h and We l fare in 1 9 6 2 , b u t never e s t ab l i s he d , b e
g an w i t h Mr . W e s ton ' s appoin tmen t l a s t Oc tob e r .
Such a program w·i l l · permi t the
equ i t ab l e admin i s t r a t ion of as s i s tance s e rvi c e s , whe ther they expand
for the fu tur e ) or mu s t b e r e d u c e d ( a s i s t h e c a s e a t pr e s en t ) .
In add i t i on ,
(as
to b r ing y e ar ly s p end ing wi thin appropr i a t e d amoun t s ,
is ho p e d
some
pr ev iou s ly ' ' b lanke t " programs a f f e c t ing the two Pa s s amaquoddy Re s erva t ions have
had to be cu t -b a ck ,
at
me d i c a l t r an s p or t a t ion ;
c o l l e c t phone
calls
s e rvi c e s
( ex c e p t for exp e c t an t mo thers ) ;
(now t o
to t h e C a l a i s f i e l d o f f i ce
b e a c ce p t ed o n l y from Tr ib a l Governor s o r Lt .
pe c t an t mo ther s ) ;
The s e inc lud e l o c a l
le a s t un t i l a f t e r the f ir s t of Ju ly .
j
Governor s ) ; ou t-pa t ie n t me d i c a l
f
x
pre s cr ip t ion �x g en s e s
ex ce E t tor
n
t
( ex c e p t for pr � R fi o g� ch£ 3f�� �
and fr e s h mi lk d e l iver i e s
�
�
f
Per s o n s r e c e iv ing any o f the above serv i c e s from the Div i s ion of Gener a l As s i s
t an c e , D e p t . o f He a l th and W e l fare , or through var ious Pub l ic A s s i s t an c e programs ,
w i l l n o t be a f f e c t ed .
Other forms of we l fare as s i s t an c e wi l l be prov ided in
l ine w i t h the
by-c a s e b a s i s .
ind iv idu a l fami ly budge t s wh i ch Mr . He s ton i s pre par ing on a c a s e
In -pa t ie n t me d i ca l c ar e i s n o t a f f e c t ed .
the February me e t ings s ugg e s ted a numb er of way s
expen s e s c o u ld be r e duced ; one _o f tbe s e 'wa s . _ "borrowing " nex t y e ar ' s fue l money
Hinckley ob t a ined permi s s ion
for u s e in curr e n t general a s s i s t an c e programs .
to this e f f e c t from the S t a t e Commi s s ioner o f F inance and Admin i s t ra t ion , per
mi t t ing the ab ove -men tioned exc e p t ions to the re s t r i c t ions on mi lk , ou t - p a t i e n t
nie
Pa s s amaquodd y Tr ib e a t
care , a n d p r e s cr i p t io n s .
Hinckl ey ho p e s tha t , a f ter t he f ir s t o f Ju ly , s ome of the above s e rv i c e s
may b e r e t urne d , though t he amoun t avai lab l e to the D e par tme.n t for nex t year ' s
The e s t ab l i shmen t o f
program i s no gr e a t er t han tha t avai l ab le curr en t ly .
ind iv idua l a s s i s t an ce bud g e t s shou l d , i n any ca s e , permi t next y ear ' s program t o
oper a t e wi tho u t ma j o r chang e s during the 1 2 -mo nth period i n que s t ion .
IND IANS ELE C TED TO COUN'IY C . A . P . B OARD
In a s er i e s of 7 Wa sh ing ton Coun ty e l e c t ions for the Coun ty ' s RegionA�
A c t ion Age ncy ' s b oard of d ir e c t or s , John Gar f i e ld' Homan o f Plea s an t Po i n t wa s
e l e c t e d a r e p r e s e n t a t ive o f the p o or from Reg ion 5 , and Gov . Jo s eph Mi t che l l
I n Region 7 , Lo l a S ockaba s in and S imon
a s a Region r e pr e s en t a t iv e - a t - large .
Soclcab a s in , b o t h of t he Ind i an Town s h i p R e s erva t i on , were e l e cted as tha t Reg ion ' s
A to tal of 2 3 repre s � n t a t iv e s o f t he poor or a t
two repre s en t a t ive s -a t - l arge .
large were e l e c t e d in the
7 Region e l e c t ion s .
�r-
; · :.
.,___....
-- -
/
: ,. '. t_
'
I
- -
-
.
•
....\..I '-�.
,
.
· -
·
} !
;
\_·
· -- --
JUNE
17, 1968
..
�-
S PECIAL STATE-W IDE ELECTION
�
} l.
c-1
·��
e n -·
(_2
,'
_:)
\'1 ·�
IJ ;� ON
REFERENDUM QUE S TION No . 1
" SHALL THE S TATE PROVIDE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MODERNIZATION OF SCHOOL FACILITIES
AT THE THREE INDIAN RE SERVATIONS AND CONSTRUCT WATER AND SEWAGE FACILITIES AT
· IND IAN TOWNSHI P RESERVATION IN PRINCE TON BY I SSUING BOND S IN THE AMO�T OF
$ 384 , 000 , PAS SED AT THE SECOND S PECIAL SESS ION OF THE 103RD LEGISLATURE ? "
Vote
�
Vote
�
Vote � Vote
!§!
Vote YES Vote
!!§_
Vo te � Vote � Vote � Vote
OPECIAL NOTE :
So-cal led " Independ en t" vo ters - tho s e not enro l led as Repub l icans
or Demo crat s - WILL be ab l e to vote on pr imary e l ection day , June 1 7 th .
That 1 s
because re ferendums on three bond i s sues wi l l be held in conjunc tion with the
b a l l o t ing for par ty �ominee s .
ANY REGISTERED VOTER WILL BE ABLE TO BALLOT ON
BOND IS SUE S INVOLVING PROJECTS AT THE INDIAN RE SERVATIONS , Farming ton S tate Col lege
and Maine Mar itime Academy .
JUNE 1 7 - QUE S TION No . 1 - VOTE �
-
JUNE 1 7 - QUE STION No . 1 - VOTE � - JUNE 1 7
•
AND TELL YOUR FRIENDS !
- � � � - - - - - - -- � � - - - - - - - - - -- - � - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - -- - �
MUSEUM OF INDIAN RELICS I$ PLANNED
PR INCETON - Indian Coimnuni ty Action Program Director Archie LaCoo te re turned
Thur sday from a 3-day training program and mee ting for a l l Maine CAP d iFector s
at King f i e l d
The CAP Direc tor announced the po s s ib i l i ty of beginning a Pas s ama
quoddy Indian Museum Library wa s discu s s ed during the February me eting of the
Pa s samaquoddy CAP board of d irectors in Calai s .
The mee t ing was the f ir s t he ld
under the new b oard chairman , Governor John S tevens of Pr ince ton .
Tile mu seum
l ibrary is be ing · sough t in an e ffor t to s ave the remaining Ind ian ar tifac t s ,
hi s tor i ca l ly impor tan t documen t s and exampl�s of anc ient Ind ian crafts s t i l l ex
Gov . Joseph Mi tche l l of Pleasant Point sugge s ted tha t s ince
i s t ing i n the area .
o ld exampl e s of some crafts would b e almos t impo s s ib le to ob tain • some, reproduc·
• • •
�(21)
(LI:TT- RS
c o n t in u e d
Li gh t ,
that
ar e
but
extrac t
auto
las t
a wh o l e
.: o l d
cut ,
A
ash
on
the
are
hold
more
fe
i
·
and
s c ale
fish
of
of
i s mad e
fac t ory
lus t e r
d e mand .
b as ke t s .
l o nge r .
the
of
n e �r l - - f r o
a s h b aske t s ..i: t h a t
And
fr om
Yet
wh e r e
they are
t r ib e
d e ma n d
the
c an
e x
far
F i s h e r m e n are
each
o t he rs '
on ly a
its
s aid
b oat s ,
few priv a t e
Pa s sai , a q u o d d y pe o p l e
ope rat ors
or
are
so
of
s c ale
that
b a s ke t s .
to
land
The
ash
in
b aske t s
J.i.r r o2 t o ok
good
to
trees
and r . a n y f i s h e rman a n d
Po in t ,
an a s h
t he s e
own e r s
Pas s a�a
t ak e
often
b e c&use
t o p u t 11o r e
Ple a s an t
c on v i n c e d
to cut . '
l i v i n g . p o und i n g
n o w a l l o ·,1 e d
make s
us e .
into 15
s c i e n t i.J3 t s
S ince
es�ence
of
fac t or ie s
s old t o
�o s t l y
s c a. l e s .
in e xpe _ _ s iv e
gr e a t e r
In d ian
Pas s aillaq u o d d y I n d i an s
The
f o r t he
land
a who le
b a sk e t s
given
· r o f i t ab le
fish
in ever
plots
p or t i on
hav e
11ses
le t i c s - - t he
nre
fish
o ak and pl a s t i c s c a l e b as k e t s s i.wp ly d o
Pas s ama q u o d dy In dians c ann o t find e n o u gh a s h t r e e s
the
a n d �e av i n g s c a le
C ou nt y
� os
pale
b a s ke t s
f r om h e r r i n g
F a c t o ry made
But
go od
quoddy ash
it
to
s e as o n
u p ..
a s h s c a le
o f pearl
i inding n e w
pa in t
t h e s u pp l y .
c e ed s
not
to
i r o n - l i ke
e s se n c e
c on t i n u a l l y
good
6)
f r om pa g e
log is
well
us e d when
Pa s s araa q u o d d y I n d i an s me a n
o f P l e a s a n t P o i n t a s k e a c h lan�own e r i n A rr o s t o c k C o un t y t o a l l ow e v e r y
in
no way t o
ash
t re e
har m
that
e a rn
their
D e ar
I li a v e
he
the
c an
land
s par e ,
ill aost
s c r i pt i o n
n e vs le t t e r
b e en
I aui e n c l o s i n g
to
JOU
sen t
Y o u wi l l
I
to
the
e a c h �o n t h ' s
I n d ia ns
to be
land
cut ,
so
own e r s .
that
a ll w in t e r with one
l av e n ' t b e e n ab l e
c op i e s
priv a t e
the
T h e Pas s awa q u o d d i e s
P a s s ama q u o d d i e s
c an
li v i n g .
T h o mps on ,
!r s .
of
me
be
car e
of
1967
in
t ha t
f or '
t o know
t ha t I
for
1 968
$ 5 . 00
not
Two
a n o t he r ,
find
to
s h ow t n y ap� r e c i a t i o n .
extra
s ome t h in g i n
y w o rk a s C ha i rman
the
D . A. R .
Th ank
so I
f o r ;:.1 y s u b
d o l l ar s' is
d ollars
for ,
ne ws .
of
t he
after
n ow .
pay
I c a n a lw ays
c an u s e i n
r e a d i n g a ll
c o ld
b e fore
and three
I did
Ph o e n i x Chap t e r
e n J OY
this
money qrde r
a
g l ad
is sue
in F or t
als o
t c. ! ·e
y ou a gain
for all
the
the
n e .v s l e t t e r
o f Ame r i c an
f o r y o u r kin dne s s .
H a r r i e t Krumh o l t z
N e w B e d � ord ,
( Ed i t o r
the
's
note :
an d w a s
: o r ld ,
le t t e r
on
t h e f o l l ow i n g ar t i c le is b e ing r e pr i n t e d f r om T h e C h ur c h
Re fe r t o
w r i t t e n b y Pe t e r J . T u rn e r , F e b r ua r y 16 , 1968.
page
gone unh e e d e d .
T he
ille gi
t e rm
the
e l fa r e
thre e
4. )
of
pr ob l ems
i ma c y ,
Mas s .
As
t he
d e p l o r a b le
a
all
r e s e rv a t i on s have
many �
are
a l c h o l i sm , �n e mp l oyme n t ,
h ousi ng ,
d e pe n d e 1 c y and
Ma i n e
in
Ind i a n s
a re sul t ,
un . , :e t
43 0
per
rtle d i c a l and
c &pi t a annual
c on t r i b u t e d
to
and
they ' ve
school
d en t a l
in c ome
ge ne r a l i z e d
ge n e r a l l y
drop- ou t s ,
n e e ds ,
f or
long
t \1 0
of
apa t h y an d
t h e r e c e n t e f f o r t s t o b r in g a o o u t v a s t c h a n �e s i n t h e r e s e r v
c owm u n i t i e s , t h e D i o c e s an B r e a u o f H uma n R � la t i on s S e rv i c e s h e lpe d
s �0n s o r a s u · e r • pe a c e c or p ' pr o gr a m on t h e r e s e r v n t i on s l a s t ye ar .
d e pr e s s i on .
Am o n g
a t i on
an t 1 r o p o l o "' y , s o c i e:.. l ·· a rk ,
w i t h c l ia p l a i n s , t h e I n d i a n s ,
Repre s e n ta t iv e s
f r ow t h e
fie lds
of
an d p .sy c h o l o t:;y · .v orke d · f o !' s i x lil o n t h s
r e lig ion ,
n u r. s i n g ,
C ommi t t e e
w o r k on
( U US C )
the
pr e pa r in g
r e s e rva t i o n s
S tate
for
the
o f f i c ia l s
pr o j e c t ,
t h e ms e lv e s .
e d uc a t i on ,
and
and
the
then
s o c i o l o �y ,
Un i t ar i a n - Un i v e r s a l i s t
t wo
m on t hs
of
v o l un t e e r
s e r v i c � s to t h e
p r o g r a m h i gh l i gh t e d t h e gaps t ha t e x i s t e d in
e s u l t , t h e B HRS e mba r k e d o n a s � r i e s o f pr o grams ,
c ommun i t i e s .
As a dire c t r
( C on t i n u e d on page 2 2 )
The
�(
�he
in
C hu r c h
if o r l d ,
c o n j un c t i o n
wun i t y A c t i o n
e f fort
to
A
s t ep
fill
t h e se
vices
to
c ondu c t
RN ,
Ma r y D e n i s
of
ama q u o d d ys ,
ed
and
to
A
school
fa c e s
B u r e au
/ of
is
t o.k i n g
The
the
B ur e a u
and
n ow
t he
fo
r
J'v1o r c-
among
the
for
o ft e n
year
als o
e v e n t ud l
The
the
By
s t ep
in
pr o p o s i n g an
the
to
a ll e v ia t e
what
is
a pp e a. r s
the
to
sch ool
youths
unab l e
t o .ue e t
t his
the
thG
to
f i n an c ia l
is
e d uc a t i o n a l
( s ic )
of
a
an d
p up i l
In d i a n s
pr e s e n t l y
a loo i n f u t ur e
c h ap l a i n s ,
deac ons
r e s e rv a t i on s
are
s oc io lly ,
a nd
t i on ,
wi t h
b ut
als o
B ur e au
ne e d e d
s ma l l
t he
and
mode rn
but
they
Chur c h
our
diocese .
in
agen c i e s ,
p r o gr e s s .
not
the
not
w ou l d m o r e
only
Po i n t .
orien tation
t he
baRc
s ki l l s
c h ap l a i n s
re lated
in
c l o s e ly guar
s e c onda�Y. e d u c
the
for
p r o 0 r aill
r e s e rv a t i on s .
Bee .use
t he
c u l t ur a l l y , e d u c a t i o n a l l y ,
mus t a s s um e a C h r i s t - l i ke fun c
r e l i gi o us
t he
in
h is t ory
p o t en t ia l s ,
a nd
s t r i c ke n
t e c hnique s ,
to
cas e
purs u i t s .
the
domons t r a t e
a.
l- r o graw a n d
Pe t e r D an �
deve lop a
on
p ov e r t y
And
at
o b j e c t iv e s
I n d i an Hi s s i o ns
d i f f i c u l t ie s
wh i c h
t h e o t ud e n t ,
t o tal answe r
t h e y pr o v id e
will
an
o f C hur ch
a n d r.'f.aim '
is
He
ad j us t men t s ,
s t a t i on e d
a s s i s t an c e
mai n t e na n c e
Th is
parish hall
the
c y c le
t o ge t h e r
total
c or p '
t o d e v e l op
e c o n omica lly ,
F i nan c i a l
t he
of
and nuns
t he
/
f o r t he
' pe c'. c e
costs ,
h an d i c ap ,
in h i r i n g a c o-0 r d in a t o r o f t h e n e w
wi l i � t o i d n e t i f y e a c h y o u n gs t e r
v o c a t i on a l
hopes
a
e n ga g e d
c ur re n t
success
of
h e l p pay
the se
b r e ak
t he
$ 50 , 000
year 1 s
c o un s e l i n g s e r v i c e s
n e c e s sary
c on t i n u e d
but
Tlie
them .
and
a h i gh
who ....s e l e c t s
..
p r o � r am b r i n g i n g
imp l e me n t
t o t a li n g
mu c h
be
imp l e �e n t a t i o n
is
h e lpi n g
r e pe a t i n f; l as t
c on s t ru c t i on
pr e
s ywp t orns
p opu l a t i on .
not ,
r e �o v i n g
e s tab l i s j
e xp e l id ur e s
s t u d en t ' s p a s t
the
a t ion
CJ L
a t t e mp t
the
h i gh
I nd i an s .
inc lude
Bureau
pr o v i d e
an t e e
in
c o ugh me d i c i n e
' pain - r e l ie v ii. 1 g 1
Pas s a ma q u o dd ys .
D iv i s i o n ' s s e rv i c e s .
B i s f un c t i on
f r om t h e r e s e rv a t i o n n o w i n h i gh s c h o o l .
and
of
Pa s s
when need
c t iv i t i e s .
·
t han
r e s e r v .-i t i on
it h d e awa l .
,Jo r e
r ·1ar y
the
t h r e a t me n t
as p i� i n ,
e x c h a n ge
diab e te s
avai lab l e
i n v o lv e d ,
A n t i c ip a t e d
of
of
b e i n g r e s e ar c h e d
fe e s .
one
S is t e r
ph ys i c i a n's d i agn o s i s .
C a la i s
f fo m t h e
is
a ge n c i e s
e d u c a t i o n _. t o
this
the
. misu s e
o f which
a
now
in
uia j o r
Indian S e r
r n r ki n g Hi t h
h e lp a n d
e xi s t i n g p ov e r t y .
all
of
are
r o om
away
an
the D iv is i on b y Mother
mon t hs
is
ob t a i n
pr o j e c t
eventual
three
f a c i n g S i s t e r C ar i t as
s e r v i c e . pr o g ram
l;! i gh
in
f i .c s t
of
pr o gr a.1,15 .
t o wrk w i t h
an
All
t ub e r c u l o s i s
and
s uppor t e d
�V c S
""!
to
pr ob l e m
B ureau 1 s
a D iv i s i o n
1 h ome - mad e 1 _ h �al t h
c h i ld r e n ;
among adult s .
S c h o la r s h o p s
and
pas t
t he
t h e i r b oa r d
t h e C o m
P ar i s h C u un c i l s
t o t he
of
s e ek me d i c a l
of
pr o p o s e d
dental
the
to
t h e i·,
inc luded
of
o f F.: d u c a t i on ,
t he
o f Me r c y �
prac t i c e
e ffort
led
di o c e s a n
the
any
and
en t
the Bureau
spe n t
e n c oura · ing
An o t h e r
incidence
to
establ
a c t iv i t i e s
sc riptions
a
has
s le e p i n g · p i l l s w i t h
wi tnout
tLe
c o or d in a t e
S i s t e rs
ab an d o n
Th e s e
and
t o B ishop G e rity
with
ap � o i n t e d
the
D e p a r b1e n t
t h e T r ib a l C o un c i ls
1967 ,
S i s t e r C c.r i t a s
21)
page
the S tate
gaps .
and
was
r r om
UUS C ,
s ub u i t t e d
No v e rmb e r
C ari tas ,
the
Pr o gr am ,
re por t
in
c ontinued
·l i t h
to
a n d kn o w l e d ge
wi l l
qva i l a b le
to
c on t inued
be
to
h e 1p
b u i l·d i n ts s .
the
p r o b Ja-c1s
t h e re s p o n s iv e
f a c i n g Main e ' s
c .:.'. r e
an d
c oncern
In dians
of
f r om wJ i i c- h Ma i n e a n d a l l h e r pe o p l e
c o n j un c t i on
with
the
work
of
the
t he
o th e r
can
�MAINE IND I AN
(d)
MA IDENS
ON
RETREAT
T ie n t y- s ix In d i �n t e e n age gi r l s t r a v e l e d f r om
Ma i t 1 e ' s t h r e e r e s e r v a
tions t o t h e Ob l a t e R e t r e a t H o u s e i n A ugu s t a. F or t hree d a ys · f r om F e b r u a r y
1 9 t h to the 2 l s t , � t � e - �i r l s :had. pe� � expe riences . While it was t he firs t
time ma n y ha d r - seen t he Cap i t ol , all of t he s ir ls h a d n e v e r b e en o n
a s p i r i t uar ret reat .
The trip w a s s p on s o r e d b y the Bu r e au o f H uraan R e l a t i o n s .
Si s ter Mary Cari t as , wh o is a n u r s e , a C C 0i.i1p an i e d the girls through t he
S ta te House , t he Bla ine Ma nsi o n a n d t h r o u �h t h e sh o pji n g c e n t e r s . S he h as
or gan i z e d t e en a g e c l ub s on t he t h ree reserva t ions.
T h e r e t r e a t �s o n e o f
t l� many act ivi t ies t ha t s he i s plan n i n g w i t h the gi r ls.
F a t h e r F . A . Bo u r q u e , a d m i n i s t e r of t h e Ob la t e R e t r e a t � o us e , p l a n ne d
t h e s p i r i t u a l p r o gr aF wi t h t he emphasis in " h e l p i n g t l1 e m t o u nd e r s t a n d ,
'
and t o b e c om e Til o r e a wa r e of t h e iiis e l v e s . "
Pan e l discussions a n d q u e s t i o n s
an d an s w e r s covered r-- man y topics
such as ;
d a tin g , l!lar i a g e , pe r s on a l i t y
de v e l opme n t , c h a n ges in the church , G o d , e t c .
A s ero i na r is p l a n n e d f or l a t e s pr i n g t o s o l i d ify t h e f e e l i n 3s a n d
iuvr e s � i o n s t h a t t he girls r e � e i v e d on t h e re t r e a t .
H i gh l i gh t s o f t he re treat w e r e a s p e c i a l mas s g i v e n f o r t h e �i r l s , t he
en j oyme n t of a f i r e in t he f ireplace , md t h e H o o t e na n y l e d b y B a r b a r a F r qn c i s ,
on h e r g 1 i t a r .
Ba r b a r a!
. .
t a u g h t herselr· t o p l a y t :1 e � l ' i t a r , an d has
p l ay e d �t f o r t h e pas t f o u r ye a r s .
The gi r l s had a1any f a v o rab l e c o LLlrae n ts about the retrea t.
Hi l d r e d
LP.la r , fi f t e e n ye a r o d , ' ! l i l ,_e d t h e t a lks ab o u t G od �1h i c 11 •·v e .r e le d b y F a t h e r
Bo rque . "
Laura Nicho ..... as , 13 y e a r s o l d like t h e ' s pe c ia l wassn . Pa1J N o rw o o d
of I n d i an Is l a n d , e n j o y d s h op pi n g in t he ci t y. Carol D ana t h o ugh t t h ac
t h e r e t r e a t wa s a " good e xpe r i e . c e . 1 1
V i r g i n ia F r a n c i s o f Pleasa n t P o i n t , c o r r e c t e d a n e w s p a p e r r e p o r t e r , whe n
he pt in t e d s o m e t h i n g a b o u t 1 1 rn i n i - s k ir t s 1 1 •
S h e s a id t h a t t h e y d i d n o t w e ar
mini - s k i r t s , wh ich a r e v e r y , v e r y shor t . Ma ry l3 i s u l c a o f I n d inn I s l an a , wn o 0 e
b f o c 1 e r i s a t W e s t P o i n t , w a s ' ' looking f o rward t o o t h e r act ivi t ie s o f t he
t e e nage c lub . 1 1
'Lary is 17 , a n d in h e r s e n i or y e ar of h i gh s c h o o l .
F a y Biscula , 14 y e a r s o l d b o u gh t several so uveuirs 0 f t he t r ip , an d
had roade a n e w fr i e n d G e r a l d i n e D ana ,
a l s o 14 y e ar s . o l d � of P l e a s a n t
.i
___
_
Point .
the
Lo la , 16 y e a r o l d , though t i t was " j u s t n ice" and e n j o y e d
Sheila Ranco , a s o p hoL o r e , w a s g l a d f ar " t ., e
t o us " .
t o g e t h e r w i t h t he girls". S he rela ted t ha t t h e y t a l k e d un t i l
B e rnade t t e
" way
c ha n c e
to
the y
t � o - t hi r t y
ge t
in
t a lk e d
t h e m or n i n g .
who h a s s i x b r o t h e r s , a n d o n e s i s t e r , a l s o d i d n o t
! �T a l ks ab o u t 1 ::-. t i I1 g , a n d t he
commen t about the 1 • in i -dresses .
way t h e d e c i s i o n s w e r e Jff t u p t o t hemselves , i n s t e a d o f r u l e s " were c on
s id e r ed a s �os t b e n e f i c i a l b y Mary A n n Mitchell. Ma r y , c ome s f r o � In d i a n
Is lan d , is goin g t o John Ba p � � � · s High S c h o o i i n B a n g o r . She is in t he 1 1 th
gra d e , and is p la n n i n g t o go t o b e a 1 1 t j c i a n 1 s school when s h e gr a d ua t e s .
An (';� l j na S <' h 1 u c G o n of PlP s 8 n t P o i n t , " w o u l d l ike t o h a v e an o t h e r
l ike
E le a n o r S t e v e n s ,
the
r e t r e a t n e x t ye a r ' ' •
B rc a k fAs � wa s an o t h e r g o o� e x r e r i e n c e
a c c ording
to
v h o said that t h e y h a d eggs , s a us a ge , c e r e a l a n d j u i c e .
H o we v e r , B e v e r l y .� t e v e n s , her o l d e r s i s t e r , s a i d t hL.. t t h e y ma d e t h e b e d s ,
be fore b r e ak f a s t , a n d " f o o l e d ar o u n d " .
A n n T o me r , a f i f t een y e a r o l d " l i k e d t he r e t r e a t , a s t h e p r i e s t s
ta l k e d to us , and played carde wi th s o me o f u s . " G r a c e D a n a of P l e asan t
S h e a l s o s a i d " t h e _y gav e
P0in t gave s pecial , e n t i on t o t h e R o o t e nan y .
e a c h o n e o f u s a chance to .t alk . "
GloriP
S t e v e ns ,
( C o n t i n ue d
on
pa,;e 24)
.
.
�( 24 )
( R� t r e a t
c on t i n ue d
B arb�ra
s he
has
never
fr ie n ds .
is
in
t he
" H e ar t s ; '
It ' s
k.11 o w n
i t's
t ha t
a
s ome
b r ought
s ouv e n i rs
to
new
wa s
her
during
i• ia r t i n a
t he
T ow ah ,1
T � :. e r e
n a o t he r
.'·t a s
as
1 <:i ' 7
t o ld
t l1 e r e
F a t h e r B ourque
thousand
hav in g a
f r om
fif t e en
another
first ,
lay �en
old ,
r.1e
was
Nav a h o
b randi n g
in
c at t l e
as
the
of
the ir
w orae n
index
needles
weave
' v'ha t
s ay
w ome n
g o i n _;
fingers
the
lit tL�
next .
le s s 6n
i,1 o r k
( Re a � 8 r ' s
f r om
c an
our
D ige s t ,
Ma r c h
the
i:;i.c ls
to
mnke
new
Pa u la
3 l. i1 t; .... n g .
a
buay
the
r:!e n t i on
c ar .
S he
ga' !e
that
of
J oe
b o u gh t
s an g 1..c. n y p o p u l a r
t. ere
" vi e
we r e
� in�in g a l so . "
Pe t e r D a 1 1 a P o i n t .
s a 1 1e t i •. 1e , a n d i t
have
Five
been
t he
in t o
I rt
a
p la y
a
re t reat
hav e
a c t ua l
stitch ,
r o o::;1 ,
by
been
..vas
also .
ove r
f r ruJe ,
takling
s ip_ ing
as
of
thir t y
f or e f & t h e r s
unr ivale d
h o ok
to
or
c o �p� r e
fast
idle
might
fr o�
hang
j ob
c..
t he
the
do
real
skin
and
t ry i n g
to
well
t h i nk
to
Nav a h o s ,
pa r t y
: .
m� c h
the
as
me n
the
of
even t ,
pri cking
c o�ktails ,
pa r t y - · gi v e r s
the
s o c i� l
prac t i c e ,
e n j o yr..� n t
f am o us
turning
t w o - d �y
quilt ing
real
pioneer
196 8
a
p e op l e .
lay
F in g e r s :
rnrk and
every
an
there
·r o PO� D ER
did .
our
e n j o yi n g
;. 1 h o m
a c t iv i t i e s .
I t w a s in A u gus t
>?
i t·s·· f i r s-t "f5'%' 0U! • . o C pJ' i�·s.t� ; pn r e t r e a t ,
h or s e s
a · .l i v i n g
'.) r o v i d e
on
f r o.1:
1 949
an d
of
at
.11as
fr om
H YJ d
his
nuns
,c:.ny
re tre a t" .
1 1a d e
in
related
tli e
since
Have
1ith
S om e
of
out
us " .
Point
o ld ,
t he
S he
·
c l ian c e
re t r e a t
c omb i n e
out ;
of
t i ! le .
in
s i t t in g a r oun�
in and
a ll
,,1e t
tbe
t i1i1e
t ha t
s e t t le rs
has
f i r e p la c e
nuns
b r e ak i n g
s t a n d in g a r o u n d
t o
learn
a
and
e �rly uhi t e
e n j oy w e n t
on
N �v a � o s
hav e
of
par t
Indians
s "Ie
gr o u p
PO IJ ·.rs
T . D . Al l e n
few
a
that
t h a t t h e r e t r e a t h_o u s er ·he d
o t he r w i s e a l l t h e s e on r e t r e a t
The
for
good
ye ars
a
r e la t e d
t akin g
the
P l e a s an t
and
re treat
to
t o ok
" e n j oye d
e xperie n c e
H o o t e n an y ,
s hyly
glad
e v e ry t h i n g cb o u t
b a c k h o me .
V e r on i c a S app i e l ,
s o n gs
y e ar
she
H i gh S c h o o l
is
" like d
gr oup
t ake
in
S he
s i .a. t e e n
rr. e
B e v e r l y F r an c i s
N i c h o la s
Ju n i o r
e·.:: a. d e .
t e ll
and
a
Al t ava t e r ,
� i gt h
23 . )
page
b e f or e .
Ni c h o l a s ,
to
fun ,
Ni c h o la s ,
Pau l a
Rita
f r om
on .
th�
N OT ICE
M i s s C a r o l D an a
the
Mai n e
In d i a n
tbe
re t re a t
R e s e r v a t i on s .
in
If
you
If
ab o u t
there
(E d i t o r s
A u gus t a ,
live
y o ur s e lv e s .
NEWS LE'i'T. 'R .
idea
an d
Mary
P l e a s an t
has
is
o f f e re d
Ne ws l e t t e r
a
ray
note :
:1 h e r e
I
f r o m h o� e
anyt h i n g
op i n i o n ,
ple as e
her
s e rv i c e s
c on c e rn i n g
M i s s D an a
me t
. wr . )
ke e p
and
f r o�
is
you
w i sh
to
write
fee l
fre e
to
do
Indian
to
send
P e n ob s c o t
a
s e nding
are
.
Yar1iLa l &. M Q rl' � � ::-- B r c;i o k.1?1 s t i l l
Poin t
t he
so .
n e ws
Indian
Pe n o 0 s c o t
the
le t t ers
ab o ut ,
Th IS
or
IS
in
I s J.m d
I n d i an
an d
telling
e xp r e s s
to
e n j o ye d
us
your
Y O U R l !.A INE
b us i 1y wr i t i n g n e ws
T ow n s h i p .
i t e ms
·
i t ems
I N D I AN
·
r r om
�MAHi
i
I
·
IAN NEW SLFI.'TER
EFFECTIVE JANUARY
@:
. .
.......
\:·1 ('
$..:>"
Pine S tree ·
- - ·
NEW S TJB S C�I PTION POLICY
1 , 1968
td
�l
:-:. l'
·:k
' ' i
B e g inning in January , the f o l lowing
sub s c r i p t ion r a t e s w i l l be charged
for a 1 2-month sub s cr ip t ion to t he
MAINE
IND IAN NEWSLETTE R
Ind ian
Non- Ind ian
''
"
Ol: <.' � �
(Regular )
(Contr ibu ting )
( Suppor t in g )
( Li f e t ime )
Lrf <;'
'-'y1 i�r.)
/,
j1 , .
(../·// '· · ; /
'
,
/'
''; r "
' 1
.•
\ I
\
'
I
\\
,
'
'.:}
/: · /.;'• �·:·' i:·:f
j
J . ·,
.I- i .f � ( .;.:.:i
.
- FREE
- $ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
-$ 10 . 00/year
- $ 5 0 . 00
.
·-
If you are
l ive ,
f i l l ou t
s cr i p t ion s l ip
your Tribe and
I f you are a NON- I ND IAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and s end in the sub
The addr e s s labe l s ind i c a t e the s ta tu s
" I -F " mean s
o f your sub s cr ipt ion .
The abbrevi a t ion of a
" Indi an-Free . "
mon th (JAN) i s the t ime - next year -
is s ue a f t e r y o u r s ub s cr ip t ion i s
r e c e ive d .
due .
s cr i p t ion s l ip ( b e low) W I TH t h e appro
pr i a t e amoun t .
Your sub s cr ip t ion
wi l l b e g in with the nex t avai l ab l e
I wou l d l ike
�- - - - - -
-
your sub s cr ipt ion fee wi l l again be
�
ge t � ind iv idu a l
� !!Q!
expira t ion no t ice ,
be
�!
to r e c e ive regu l ar mon thly i s sue s of t he Maine Ind i an News l e t ter :
DATE.�-----
._
NON- IND IAN_
ADDRESS
---�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
--,
:--
( S tr e e t ,
Sub s c r ip t ion r a t e s :
S ta t e
Z I P Code )
Ind ian -0- ;
AMOUNT ENCLOSED :
(Regu lar ) ,
Non- Indian - $ 2
$ 10
I ND IAN_
TRIBE�--���----
or Po s t Of f ic e Box )
(Ci t y
( Suppor t ing ) ,
Send this s l ip , with your sub s cr i p t ion charge ,
_
_
_
_
$_
$5
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTER
( C on tribu t ing ) ,
$ 5 0 (Life t ime )
if app l i c ab le ,
Pine S tre e t , Freepor t ·' Maine
---
!£
- - - - - - - - - - � - - -- -� �
- - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - �- - - � - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
to :
040 3 2
�
- ----- - -... - - - - - -�
- --- - - � - - - - -- - - - � - � - � - - - - - - - - - - - --- - � �� � - - - --- - � - - - - - - - --
Don ' t forge t your Z I P Code !
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTER
BULK RATE
U .S.
POSTAGE
3 . 6¢ PAID
Freep,.,rt , Maine
Permit No . 33
Pine Str eet
Freepe rt, Maine
04032
ADDRESS CORRECTION
REQUESTED
c: o 1 o y C o l l e ge L ib r ar y
C o lby C o l lege
Wa t er v i l l e ,
JAN
Ma ine
0490 1
�
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Feb. 1968)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1968-02
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-463
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/88b1ce575c1076c8a4ab1b15b02f3da1.pdf
5a465b160871494ed8e181c492eea1de
PDF Text
Text
IAN
MAINE�IN
N
OLUME
E �
3, NUhBER
S 14 E T T E R
FEBRUARY
,
1969
INDIAN EDUCHTION TAKES BACK SE.;.T
The Advisory Board of the Division
r,f Par ,J
bacred
nd,
consisting
�f
of triba l members,
In d i�n
Services of
parish i.riests,
this statement at their meeting ef February 24 at
Penobscot Reservation.
the Diocese
unanimous.J.y
Indian
Island,
resent:
Those
Beatrice Phillips, Bunny Raner, Sam Sapiel, John Nelson as
PenobsGot:
member s; .1.lick Sapeil, Donald Da i gle, f;ugenia Tho1,1·�son as guests•
Joe
icholas, Francis Sapeil,Al�ert Dana, John Stevens,
Passamaquoddy:
Wayne Newell,
OtL�"Y' memb ers :
Cobb of
Rev.
St.
C
Br·h�vick,
Pierre.
mmi l".Ri 011er
Erl.ward H in c kl ey ,
Univ .-Uni\•.
Church, Rev.
Other gae sts:
Greg Buesing and Bruce
o f �du�a�ioL.
Dept.
Louis
Doyle;
O'Toole,
Iceberg,
Re\•.
and
VI,TAs,
Rev iV1aurice
Nicknair,
and
James Brown,
STATEMENT TO INDIAN EDUCATION COM1 .ITTJ.::E
MEETING AT C
LAIS, 1"1AINE,
FEBRlL-u<Y 26,
1969
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I regret that ot he r , 1 rig-standing cemmittments pr e v en t ray
a ppear i n g before you in person this evening.
In spite of my abseuce,
1l1·w�ver, I wish
your attenti n a series of events which,
to call t
J L nlie v
e , censtjt11tes a serious threat to ')Ur cemnon objectives of
im1a·..,v�·l
f'lri11�at.ion
Sub s e que nt t.
re.ferend
for Pflf;,samaquoddy Indian children.
the passage of a bond issue by state-wide
the D e partment 1f Educ ation publicly promised to
construct on each PaAsamaquoddy Reservation a new school building
ce rrn j st.j rJ g of two clast=:r o
The department
e ms and a n a11 - p111·pose room.
has now i�formed
interested p a rties that only one classroo J and an
a]J -p r 1,03� :r:c-,'Jnl wJ 11 be Cl)]is 1-r ic ted on each Rese1·va tion at this time.
The raaoou s t a t ed for this alteration in plans is a rise in constructien
cests
.un
Ja:; t;
Jirne,
from
�15
per s<111Rre
avaiJ�able f•u.1.tis
f o.Jt
to
$22
d 1.1 b11y less scheol.
per square feot;
thus the
Wlen I was inf ormed of this situation approxi��tely two weeks ago
by an cffjn1a1 of the Department of Education, I was simultaneously
assured that �}1� De��rt-ment had rAques ted funds for additional class
reoms
frcm the
.Jnl��.h I.erJslat,11re,
that such funds were virtually
and that such funds would be immediAtely avajlahle
so that the addit.:i.01i;3.J �1 non •• , ms could be promptly added to the basic·
b u ild ing s .
S11bseque111-,1y, I djn.-\'•"''"'1:nd tlat this st-.o.h:•.nent WCJR toh:illy
certain
false.
to
be granted,
r �.r.t:i_l•'l
,1
, .n
pnge
2)
�- 2 -
U�IH�.N
EDUC
� T.:1. �
T JIBS BACK SEAT, Continued f�om page 1
The request to �ne Legis�ature is for a bond issue, which
be subject to appr0val by a referendum no sooner than October,
Further,�ore, this issue w uld lump school facilities with such
as recreational facilities, office buildings, and sewerage and
fa cilities, f r a total of $665,0 C.
would
1969.
items
water
It takes little political insight to re lize that the voters of
MaiLe are unlikely te apJrove a bond issue fer recreation and office
space within a few months
f the adjournment of the costliest Legis
lative session in the State's hist0ry.
The c]Asntoems will share the fate of their bond-mates; the
ddldren of the P.3FiRe1marp10ddy Tribe i'ill crrntinue - for additional years t
endure over-crowded,
ns ui tary, and educa tionall. nef Pc ti np; school
b iiJ dj rigs
•
It is, I feel, worth n ting that Indian children uill be the only
losers.
The white architects will not suffer a lower c ra.mission for
the sm::iller buiJc1iHgs; the white c ntractors will not receive lower
profJ+R; the white D e partment cfficials will not receive lewer salaries.
Only the iu h=:.1·ests of Indians seem te be expendable.
·
I w o u ld p se a question t
you.
Why d es the Department of
Education - which can fight for higher per pupil subsidies for other
schcols, which can buile fine schools for white children in the
urrc rga1d 7.ed territories - not exhibit siuri lar vigor in fig� ting for
adequate sch ols for Indians N01i, not at some ne ul0us future time?
Again, it see�s, Indians must reside at the bottom of the white
burP-acracy' s totem p0le pf/ priorities.
I res1Jectfully request that you, �s a com .ittee, 1ublicly urge
the Department of ''duc.:..!.tion to sponsor an ammend ent t0 its general
fund appropriations bill, said au.mendment to provide funds for the ...:..
j mmediate c01Js+ r11 t:ion C'f adequate school facilities on the Passamaquoddy
Hc:=H"1·vciti0 F>.
s11ho1·djnate the needs of
ToJPration of efforts to
IrJdi AUS to those on 11r1lL- Tllfli ::i.ns has too long been the response of toe
many peoplP- in Mr.iiu.e.
Ple::ise -- r.h;-ingP. t-his pattern - act - NOi/I.
-Louis Doyle, C�ordinator,
Division of Indian Services
Portland Diocese
x x x
PL '.J.r'..SANT PyffT TEEN
PLi\.Y HOST 1ro STUDENTS
NOR'i1h
YARi•10UTR
C LUB
FROM
AC ADA1'1Y
by Wayne A.
Newell
This past weekend, Feb r uary 8-9, the teens from Zibyig played
Host to a group of Seniors from tforth Yarmouth Acade.my.
On Saturday
a group of tee1... s f.1e.r-formed some of the tribes Ind i-3n dances.
Among
the d a n c e rs were Stephen Nictolas, Leon S0nk�hanin, Grace Dana, Angie
Sockabasln, Linda Frar�:is, Tieuorah Francis, and Betty Fr a 1Jcis .
At 8:08
P.M. en Saturday night the whoJ� p:l.'l')'lP got together for a dance until
(Continued on page 10)
twelve midnight.
�- 3 E
TRE NAINE
EDITOR:
D
I
T.
R
0
A
I
L
S
IND IAN NE�/SLETTER
(Mrs.)
Eugenia T.
Thompson
(Penobscet)
News and stories may be subfuitted t
the Newsletter for
at the following address;
Maine
42
�ublication
Indian Newsletter
Liberty Street
Gar ainer , Maine
COivii'tENTS hl; D
04345
Tel.
582-5435
OBS ERV T I ON S
by the Editor
Recently a Legislative hearing was held at which Coi.i1u1issioner
H inckley was questioned r e gar di ng a deg ordinance which the Passa
maqueddy want put into law.
(This law is similar to the ?ne the
Penobacot's already have.)
The hearing was long fo r something so
simple, Overheard was a reporter's c tt mtJ.ent, 11If it takes them this
long to discuss a deg or d ina n � e , what d0 t he y do when they have
sorae
thi.ue;
11.y imper ant ?11
r8
cruel to shoot a dog which was
t hat the dogs
Hinckley was asked if it wasn't too
not properly licensed; it was suggested
might be taken t:)
a
dog p und.
'llo . . t)lis Hinckley replied
.ms over 100
that Elsworth was the near�st place to take them and it
mi les away from
c: the reservations.
•
mean you don't have any
means to
Hinckley was then asked,
you
care for these dogs on the reserv�tion?
Tiin�kley e xplai ned then that we don't even have the means to t&ke care
of people on the reservations, let alone dogs.
T ere is·.ne' human so luti on to this d "Jg problem.
S h oo t ing a child's
unlicensed dog seens cruel and it would seem p roper that at least one
warning be giien the owner and a reasonable ti�e to have the
licensed
before carrying out this maxiwum p en a l t y .
It must be remembered that enly the people living
dog
on the re se rvations
know if the number of d gs running around is sufficient to constitute
a general nu i sance ,
and their wishes on this ruatter should be respected.
Befere this bill was submitted to the legislature,
the ether Indian b i lls
subwitted to tLe
just like all of
1egislature,
it was discussed
by the tribal Governors and Councils &nd agreed upon.
These Go vernors
and council members are elected
fficials of their r espec t ive tribal
reservations.
Co11ucil meetings are usually open me � tings and any member
�f the tribe who Nishes may come and ask questions and make statementa,
sc when alJ �s said and dene, it is thn India n people themselves wh
tahu.
know that a problem exists and know how best to de�l with it.
nee d ed by the D
One i:llore word about the $50,00�
lnni8n Affairs:
Il�lp!
A commjttee
of j1�1uiry was set up by the legislature to
the p r o b leas of the young department,
�hich to do the
this kind,
but
death as it is.
in Augusta.
partment of
$200
job.
thP-n th e
and was ap1)r :i;ric:.ted
is not much money to de a thordugh
Nhen they get
ue done
tirg enough money t
job
a
2)
job
0f
but that in the end the legislature
just twQ cb�ises facing them:
e l s e,
n with
through I expect they wil l find that so&e
en welfare
w ill realize that they have
er
iook into
J11ni AlJS have been studied and committeed t
Moat .tf t.t: e j t r11j r jug seems to be tc:king place right
tighten in g up can
mum
$2
do
the
make it clear that . the y do
job and· then tell the de p:::irr.m ent t
fifty dallar bill
,
1) Ap pr � pria
they have charged the depa r tmen t with,
then sit ba�k
ann
not want or intend t0 do a mini
do a one hundt·ed doJ J.c:tr job
h::ive Anot-her requ est next
with
�-4Penobscot H using Authority Notes
On Monday February 17, 1969 The Penobscot Housi�g Authority held a special
meeting
with Gnv. John Mitchell, the Penobscot governor, and the Lt. Governot,
Donald Daigle, and several other members of the tribe in ortier to hear la.rry Loug,
from Soil Conservation Service tell abouta visit he made to an authenUc ancient
Cherokee Indian village in Oklahoma.
1'1r. Long, introduced by Sherman Hasbrouk, of the University of Maine
Ext � nti o n Service.
Long described the projec+., showed slides of the villagP.
and explai ed how the Cherokees built and paid for the village.
The idea
sounds feasible
enough for the Penobscot tribe to look into it.
The OY.lahoma Che rokee s created a non-profit corp ration and received
of about
from E.D.A. (Econ mic Development Admi..�i_qtrati.on)
to go alo1g with the $20,000 put up by the tribe and the �20,0 0 pµt up by
t, e state of OY.1 A.homa.
Many jobs
have been prnvid d to tribal members·
Of course, they have on advantage over us and that is -q longer bu.ldjng
seasor. in which to work.
But, this alone should be no deterrent ·
Eefvre a projP.ct of this nature is undertaken a 1 t
f grom1dwork must
be laid.
fl.P.search must e done, and a feasibility study must be made just as
it was in Ok1aliorna bef re the prc.ject was undertaken.
The later is a
a
$600.000
grant
rer111i rPment o f EDA befo re they make a grant of this size for such a project·
FoJ l ()�1� g t is
alk and discussion
the Co-o p erative Agreement was signed
give n to S 'IfmO !'rn j oner HincY-.ley to take
o Augusta to continue working on it·
The SecretaT.-J w.::1s not present and it wasn t until the following Monday that
t
arn·
he was able to f:LnaJ1y sign the accompanying papers required by HUD.
In Augusta all that is required before the papers are r turned to HUD, is fo r
t e Attorr.ey General Department to agree that the Governor is the proper person tc
sign the Ag1·fieIU.ent, and then
·
.. :,
011tce the Governor has signed it it will be
sent to HUD.
Upon receipt of this document HUD will send the H using Authority
the moneur to begj n our survey and plan ing of the new homes.
Reports on the l'e11 hsr. t Ho isj ng Authority meetings will
e included in
�
t.he ..
J\Jewsletter
·Material submitted by Matthew Mitchell,
t H u:=dng .'1t<t.hority
Cbairman, I'enoJ:-.s
x
x
x
TO GRADUATE
MARY ALBERTA NICHOLAS, daughter of .Toe Nicholas, Pleasant Point, w�ll
graduate on February 28 from the Nor the r n Mai ue \Tccat.ional Tn8titute and
Gould Mf1mod al Hos}Jj t.al as a Practical Nurse.
x
x
x
$50,000 RE�UESTED
At a hP.aring held on Tue sd ay Feb. 11, 1969, before the Appropriations
Gornroittee
r,omrnissioner F.ciward C. Hinckley
of the Department of Indian
Affairs requested. $50 000 to r. Ht-.i 11 ing runui.ng the Department during the
,
final quarter of Flsr.al 1970.
The rer111�st was for Eme1 gency funds , not
requiring th e delay following reg11lar legislative adjournment, as would be
rP.quired otherwise.
Hin r.Y.ley told the Cormnittee:
''Believe me, gentlemen,
the services we provide, exp ensiv e as they • • • a re, are far less than the
services we should be providing • • • jist from the standpoint of helping
these people stay alive until through the pro0ess of education, economic
devE'!J. pment and • . .lAarle:rsrrip dev�J oprnent their total situation can be improved.
One Indian spoY.esman, Mrs. Helen Goslin, a Penobscot I ndian from the 'reserva
tion in OJd�own pointed out: 11From here to Augnsl-..'\ +Ji.ere are alot of long
pockets.
It's up to you,"sl1e tolrj ·�.be r·<,mrnit.t.ee,, "to fjn<i_ t.hose long pockets
and tighte n
u
a bit.11
�LETrERS TO THE EDITOR
(Editor's note:
the following letter
was sent to the Governor of the State
of Maire by the editor, the Governor's
reply follows.)
(5)
three hundred years in regards to the
Penobscots and Passa(,aquoddys.
I woved from the Reservation about four
teen years ago, but I am no lass a Pen
Governor kenneth V. Cu rti s
obscot, and I want to see.the interest
Executive Department
continue for my hrothefs the Penobscots
I feel that this
State house,
and PassaBaquoddys.
Augusta, Maine 04330
interest has been generated since the
Department of Indian Affairs was forJed
Re:
Commissioner Edward C. Hinckley,
and Commissioner hinc'.·,_ley was hired.
Department of Indian Affairs
Back in November, 1966 the I111aine Indian
Newsletter felt that you showed an aware
Dear Governor Curtis,
ness of our people and their needs,
when you called for 11i;nproved education,
At a recent news conference you were
housing,and econo1,1ic conditions for t'he
We feel that we are
asked about a petition that was signed Maine Indians."
by about 100 Indians in support of
beginning to hope that these conditions
Commissioner Rinckley and their pro
are starting to� i�proved, and we hope
grarus.
that politics will not interfere with
You explained that about 100
Indians out of 1200 population had
these needs.
Very truly yours
signed the petition. Your expltnation
is false because nearly every adult
"Bugenia T. Thodpson, Editr
Penobscot Indian living on the Old
�aine Indian Newsletter
To n, Indian Island Reservation_1 sig ned
the petition. Nearly every adult Pen Dear Mrs. Thompson:
obscot?
Nearly the whole tribe!
Thank you for a chance to ex�ress my
views in tha �aine Indian Newsletter.
The Penobscots are very proud to be
Penobscot Indians. Like-wise the Pass- I think it is unfortunate th�t the cur
AmRquoddys are very proud to be Passrent controversy over financial details
ama'}noddy Indians.
It was the Penob- has obscured the very real good that
has been done by the Departfilent of Indi a 1
scot Indjans who drew up the petition
Affairs, other State agencies and the
and signed it to show you that we a p proved of Commissioner Hinckley. The
Legislature in atte• 1pting to aL1eliorate
total number of Indians, men, 10men
a situatibn that has be n neglect d for
and children living on the three Reye�rs.
serva ions in Maine is 1,200. Children do not usually sign such petitions.I think it is clGar that the State is
Ob•.rio·.16ly, your motive in belittling
now sincerely dedicated to he iL1prove
the si e;rd ficance of our petition is
ment of conditions for our Indian pop
At least, this is the inulations.
Howopen to rp1estion and criticism.
ever, we will forgive you. Ne want
tention of Qy administration and always
to thank yoµ for stanning behind the
will continue to be, as long as I am
pr o g rams ano llOnclcrl r.>' l"I j C<"'A n�n<l.e re d
in office•
to us.
An investigation of my proposed budget
I am one more Penobscot Indian in fn1 l for the next two ye2rs will show that
support of Commissioner hinckley.
I have proposed an increase of approx
You surely could not find any other
imately $165,000 for Indian Affairs,
man as d:-,dicated, as enP-re;etic, as
inc l uding funds for the establishwent
impatient �Ii C5>0r..issioner .fljnr:l-:ley.
of tribal housing authorities on the
Yes, impatient
three reservations. Total funding for
impatient with peo
ple who are willing to let thi n gs �nn the Departwent of Indian Affairs is
In additiol'l),
721,618 for the bienni um.
tinue to ride as they had for over
(Continned on page 6, colW11n 1)
(Continued in column 2)
•
•
•
�( 6)
(Letters
continued from page 5)
Dear Mrs. Thompson,
in th DepartiJent of Education budget
for school�ng for Indian children, I
I receive my copy of the Maine Indian
have as�ed for an incr ase of $255,850,Newsletter each montli and spend the
raising the total appropriation to
evening reading it.
$566,344.
.
•
•
The increases I have asked for to�al
approxi�ately 1420,850, out of about
1.2 million, more that a 33% gain
over the past two years.
If more mon
ey can be justified in public hearings
and the Legislature is willing to ap
propriate mor�, I would, of course,
be happy to go along with their recom'
mendations.
I r ceived the Jan. issue today and
on the first page you said you would
like to hear from some of us.
. '/e live on a fartu in danchester
(Iiaine)
which we bought last spring.
Je have
four children, three of them are in
I work as
school, one is at hou;_e.
a nursing assistant at the Tagus Vet
erans Hospital.
I spent five years
in the Navy (Seabees).
I would also wention 'the bond issue of
$655,000 that I recomtlended for im
We enjoy your pa er very much.
proveme nts on the reservations.
James Neptune (I'enobscot)
Last
year, as you know, for the first time
R#l Collings Rd.
Halloi ell, taine
in the histor y of the State, a bond
issue was passed providing facilities
++
for the Indian reservations.
Dear Editc.r,
Finally, as a measure that relates to
Indian affairs, I have asked for some
This is j ust a short letter to inform
$60,000 to create a Human Rights Com
uch 1 have enjoyed re�ding
you how
mission with investigatory powers to
your Maine I ndia. Newsletter since
attack any and all probJews of dis
I have been stationed here in Viet Nam.
crlminn�j on jn the State.
Although I do not subscribe to/it I
have had the op.i.ortunity to read it
I hope that the Legislature can be
&ince the regular subscriber �M2 C.D.
There aren't
persuaded to pAsR my program and I
Gibson is not longer h re.
will need all of your help in convinc too many of us frol.! tlaine over here
ing them.
but the two boys that I do know from
Maine hav� also read your paper after
At the same time, I am well aware that
money, alone, c·nnot solve all pro
l lAms of djfH�rjrnination, neglect and
:
injustice. An attitude must be pre
sent on the part of �tate officials,
as well as all Maine people, for us
to deal fairly with each other, to
understand each other, and to help
each other.
I cornpleted it.
My rotation date is in two we ks so
I would 5uess that I have read your
But L did
paper for the last tiLle.
want to pass on to yo·u that l .M2 Gibson
is no longer here and that you could
discontinue his subsc�iption-to the
base if you so disired.
..
Just a side note.
I� grandparents
I pledge my efforts in my cRpacity
as Governor to do the best th:::i.t i · 1,ns- live in Bath and have a c .-p along
the coast by Freeport so I know .Jour
sibly can to achieve a better life
I live in Hampden
for our Jn<liRn citjzens.
area quit� well.
,Sjn(';c:-t·oJy you.rs,
Iiighlands whi.ch is next door to Bangor.
Kenneth M. r;11rtil'3
Governor
May 1 wish you continued success wit h
y1m1· Nr--.;u�lntt-er in the futuiee.
February· 6, 1969
. .
**
Sinc<n·ely
Brian Higgins •HM3
MA6-12 hed.
1111
�(Letters
continued from page 6)
Dear Editor,
•
•
(7)
•
We are certainly willing to make our
rather limited resources availab�e to
any interested persons; and it is our
I would like to add another person to
ho�e that as ti1e goes on these resourc r
your list of Indians who get the News will be iiliproved and will be used by
I enjoy receiving it.
There an increasing nuJber of people who wish
letter.
ate many int�rasting articles in it.
to learn about the history and culture
In your Dec. issue, my familys nawe
of haine Indians.
was in, as visiting Indian Island.
·1e do not live in Sonersville, N.J. �e We have recently initiated a project
live in Sofilers ¥oint, which is a reto locate and catalog Maine Indian
sort town, in South Jersey.
And has
artifacts held in museums and in priquite a historic background.
vate collections throughout the United
States and Canada.
It is our hope that
The person I nould like to reccomed is: this survey will bring to light some
i11rs. Andrea Fulkerson
She is a Penob-articles that we may eventually be
able· to acquire for fhe State Musc11m.
scot Indian from Indian Island.
Thank you
�·{e also expect that the photogl'aphs
.
Mrs. Sandra (Mitchell)
of these artifo.cts, which we are now
Broschard
coiu.piling, will help us in designing
our new exhibits on 1'··-Iaine Indian his
tory and culture, and that they may
.Dear Friends:
provide a source af valuable informa
tion to pr�sent-day Indian craftsmen
As a regular reader of the Maine In
who might be iilterested in creating
dj an nensJe ter Counecticut residence
authentic reproductions. This �reject,
have been lookjng for a word about
which beg�n as an outgrowth of con
the: passing/ 8a r 11iedici'1.e Man (uf The
versations la�t SUiili·ler with Governor John
North Am ri�:"ln Tu<li:in C! l uh, Inc. ,
Stevens at Dana Point, Mr. r.•a.yne ITewr/-i 11; n..'l.ntic, Conn.).
ell at Pleasant Ioint, �nd C6Mciissioner
Hr. Joseph So
coby wro resided here in Conn. but
Edward Hinckley here in Augusta, has
was a �ember of the Ple�sant
already enabled us to compile a listPoint
Reserve at �erry, M a ine . Perhaps
ing of several hundred Maine Indian
this has been overlooked but several
the let h -:"nd 19th centuries.
artifacts o
Indians fro,1 ..aine knew of this and
1
his body Aa. Buried on t, e Reserv
'ld'
ation Our new State Museum bui ing, to be
in .. ajne.
Bucloi:ed is further de f·.'!:\i l r-, ,...,.., .. pl c t-erl i ll .1970, will co tain several
:
'!'rust tb is 1l] J '"' Jn t-J "' J.l<'� t- Ni..;wGmajor exhibits dealing with lfaine In
le tter.
dians from prehistoric ti.wes_to the pre
F S
111<=1 r y 1;--rmal
Daughter
sent day, as well as research collect
Tho9nl"."i ng you
ions of Maine Indian artifacts -- pro
Chief Strong Horse
vided, of course, that we can find such
Pueblo & NarRg;;lnsett T ribe
artifacts to collect and exhibit, and
Ch:i e-f of the North Aruer:L.can
provided that the Legislature will see
Ju•H an C l ub, I nc.
fit to finance our proposed exhibits
of Wi l l imantic, Co �n.
pro2,ram.
(E�itor's note:
1•1r. JosP.ph J. Socohy
died December 9, 1968 at thP nge nf
Of course, it can be (and it has been)
fifty-six.)
ar�ued that a State Museum is an ex
pensive luxury th&t the Stqte of Maine
and particularly the economically-de
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
prived people of Maine cannot afford.
Ne feel, however, that the people .
I was very ple8P.cn to note your rethemselves have decided, both through
fere nee, in the t.7am1a ry Newsletter,
the vote of their representatives in
to the Maine State 111irHrnm as a 00;\l ,..� the 102nd Legislat:nre and in the sub
of information and c �llections re
t1<..:'J11ent refPl.'Pnd11m hA 110t, that the
lating to the Indians of our state.
(Coll+il1ncil on Page 8)
•
•
•
·
.
.
�(Lctters
continued fron page 7)
expense involved is a worthwhile in
vestment to help insure the preser
vation of their heritage.
Our task
now is to fulfill the wishes of the
people and to transform a lifeless
mass of steel and concrete into a
vital institmtion that will proudly
reflect the cultural heritage of
every citizen and every community
of the state.
Sincerely,
Ronald J. Kley
Research Associate
Maine State Museum Commission
Augusta, Maine 04330
•
•
•
(8)
major in it for a degree.
But the Nortt
eastern Indians are only wentioned with
in anthropology courses on broad subjects
such as "The Culture of the I di _1 r'
the North,"then all the ewphasis is on
the tribes �.Jf the :vest.
Finally, the leading Amerind authority
at the �useum of Natural History in New
York wrote .ae that I would have to fer
ret out source material myself, in the
anthropology libraries, and supplement
source data with visits to the Museum
of }atur�l History and the Indian Mus
eum, both in New York, Peabody Museum
at Yale, and the 1Juseum at Andover, t1ass.
##
Now this, to me, is unbelievable. The
first Indians the white people met up
with, and who are interwoven in America's
colonial history, are buried in the reThrough the suggestion of Howard La
cords and histories of the New England
H rreau of Ft. Wayne, Indiana, I am
I wish I had discovered this
writing to you.
I am looking for In- towns.
great gap in our anthropological halls
dia pen pRls, or people interested
in JU<J; Aus. l�Jy main pur!Jose in doing when I was young enough to do something
�1,· 3 is to try to 1et more Indians
about it.
There is a Vast wealth of
material in our literature and records
wr1 iti� to each other, to bring us
cl01.: er � ''!!,""t.her, to gain knowled,ge
in the Northeast;
enough to develop
of other t:r:Jbes. So I am hoping you into a school of its own, much like has
wj 11 place ,l1i R i.n your newsletter.
happened in the Southwest.
'.rhank you,
It is true that ruuch of the modern an
Paul Gibson
thropological studies such as are being
f/)ft: Maute Rd.
done on the primitive tribes in South
GrasR T,Pi l..-�
Mj d1 j gan
492110
Aruerica,-the taking of blood tests, ruak
( Ol btwa Ir <ii ::1.
ing sound tapes of the living language,
t!8
recording of tribal memories, taking
measurements of the physical aspects of
r·ear E<li tor:
individuals, etc. cannot be done on the
vanished tribes of the Northeast.
But
A year ago now, in January and Feb.
1968, I se-.rched the whole United
there are still Indians enough left in
States (via :tv1ail) for a college
Maine, New Yor-'h State and Ccinada for
course on the Indians of the North
some of this work.
1 s a moun tAnd the
via
e 1 i erature
.
ea�t.
e cu ture
I'd already had some studies
ain of work to be done/ on
in South and Central American anthro of both the vanished and the liuing tribe�
pology, but I was most interested in Some tape recoLding and studies of In
m11 own Hew F.ngland area.
dian dances, etc. have already begun.
Dear Editor,
�
To my surprise ana dismay I found
that no courses on the InQians of
the Northwest are given anywhere.
Not even at the large anth:r:o ologic
al schools iri the con11try.
This in
cludes Yale, .Harva.r-d, the si3hools
of New York state, and those of the
Southwest.
I must have written f:i.f 1- J
letters trying to locate even one
course, let alone enough courses to
R
t
I would like to see a Penobscot or Pass
.amaquoddy Indian major in anth�opology
in college, then lead the way to devel
oping a strong university department sowe·
where in the anthropological science and
recorgs of the Wabanaki tribes, and those
just/ tR e west and north.
Just working
out co�rses for it would make a good
thesis pro.iect.
(Con+.in11ed on page 9)
�(Letters •
•
•
continued from page
(9)
8)
Greetings
Maybe you know of someone who is al
history of the American colonies of
to rec�ive
the
Indian;
with
•
•
from
She is
�wsletter.
tribe Nation.
©Q
besideR
=�t:ci. nating pre-historical infor
ma ion already being worked out on
the tribes of this area.
person or any
major in the
Dear Edi tor:
Any white
My friends Phyllis and Francis Nicola
who live in San Francisco sent �e a
copy of the Newsletter and I �as thrill
Indian who wants to
Indians
of the
North
east should be able to do so.
I'm
a�l for the Afro-American stuaies
be'ng introduced into soLJe
Mayt�
this is
1.,n.
t>l:lt'Ps
hy
Indians
0v. is ,ent in the
sout.ri .. f .MQ. ine
.
2.j uc,,.rely
Mary
Mrs.
Old
(E�jt.or's
note:
�
Town,
of our
We
I
just
left there 12
years ago.
seem remote
ew England
My mother's
I am half-Penobscot Indian.
My
name is Marjorie Bassett Hammond.
Ida Bassett Gould.
grand .. ther was
I am,
Thanking you
Mar jori e
rrs.
•
were
Island
Indian
little children when
Sherwood
•
Ludecke
(li.amil.lond)
Monrovia,
Iaine
H
California
Dear Editor:
would be inter
hAaring from you if you
l�rio·i of any pers
on who is rei=:A;n· r-hir1e: 1-h� r1,rl- l�"1f;�r.i.-r1 lr11li"nn.)
.
ested
The p eopl e of which they
ed with it.
speak about on
coJJ�ges, but the Indians have a leg
itimate priority in this
articular
matter.
a nd
assacheeta or· l"'JI' S.
6
e
Cc"'.1·ter
would like to put in na e of
Margaret �ilkens •
P.S.
the history of the
(Gray)
Elizabeth
ion.
But just a year ago I couldn't
find a trace of an y . such person.
The
this area is completely enmeshed
v{ha �Tua Ta.st'.i
Minnie Ha lia
ready leading a trend in this direct
eagerly read The Maine Indian News
letter each month and enclose my sub
I al
scription fee for another year.
I
??
in teresting things
ways find out many
ear Editor,
wise would
As my expiration on Ne.1sletter runs
o ut in July,
ould appreciate it con
gleaned
beforehand so I can continue to
re
ceiYe it.
i/ish you w o uld print the
foll ow ing too.
mis
I
Indians that
about the Maine
•
other
I have scrapbooks
the
ing
tinuin g right a]org, F.I. ( F �
e e In
dian)
Thought I 10uld let you know
dould
Indians
starting about
able resource .materials concerning
.Haine Indians and now that I am
no longer a reside11t of Maine, I am
rel ing on your publication to leep
meposted.
like
Later this tt10nth
ing
of t1ereafrer who was my grandfather.
His father's name was John Gray.
Be fought in Civll �ar for the North
but no record of his birth or any
thing is available in white mar F; f·i 1
a�d I unders��nd we Jn�ions kept no
re�ords.
M y grawl f a t l e r Gt·oy m ar
a Bickford.
Would also
J.ike
sisters in the
write
aine
1950 which I believe to be most valu
to hear from anyone hav
ing an lr..n0wl edge of Au,iounie Wa s
h
in�toL Gray b0in p0RR.bly around 1847
ried
froJ;t Maine newspape.I,'B concern
the
to them.
to hear from fellow
t-.rJl><" ril"1 l·1· ··m·in . 1-,,
a
I am going to be
se roin a r on our eastern
gi
r
Indians
begin iing wi t h the stone age,
relation
ships during the early discovery per
iod (discovery by Europeans) and fin
B
ally the present day problems of the
Tnnians.
I think that this is the
first
s ch program custon-made around con
cerni n g the
Indians
of New
points east and northeast.
received
York and
I have
many enthusiastic comments
abo�t the seminar already,
so am an-
ti ni pnti ng a great dea� n� �Rponse,
( (;nn t. i ttit , •l • •TL pr1 p;P 1 '
�· 10 )
( Le �. t e rs
c on t inue d f r ow }.lagt: •J )
T h e Wab an aki t rib e s w i ll re c e iv e re
c o gn i t i on f or b e in g a gre a t p ople
and cu l t ure .
I am le aning h e av i ly
on y o ur N e w s l e t t e r t o s h ow t h e pre
� e n t day p e ople a s r e al pe ople w h o
J.ive , t h ink , and h av e a l l the prob
le ms of o t h e r c on t e mp orary e v e ry day
pe 0ple .
H op e f u l l y w e c an b e gin t o
b r e ak d own s orae o f t h a t b ar rie r t hat
d e s igna t e s one gr oup of pe ople as
In�ian s andan o t h e r as n on indians .
'l' l1 e usual t e x tb o oks go int o gre a t
J. e n g t h ab o u t t he we s t e rn Indian c ul
t �r e s but mos t sum up t h e e as t :. r
Ind i an c u l t ur e s , o th e r t h an Iro
: � o is , in a t m o s t ab o u t 2 -3 page s .
S orue c ov e r t h e m in a half page .
My
s e mi na r w i l l b e c omp o s e d of 8 2 - hour
� e s n i on s ov e r a pe r i o d o f 8 we eks
' a t Je f f e rs on C ommuni t y C o ll e ge in
v a t e rt own , N . Y .
•
•
•
� i : h all b e s t w i s h e s f or t h e c on t in
u s d s u c c e s s o f T h e Maine I ndian News
] t t e r and f or much g o o d news t o
pr i n t ab o u t Maine ' s Ind ians .
S i n c e.r e ly y o urs ,
Nic h o las N . Smi th
Pla t t sb urgh , N . Y .
l !
D e ar E d i t or :
T h e B i ll ( s e e page 13 ; d i d n o t r e
c e iv e appr oval f r om � h e C omm i t t e e on
At the pub l i c
S t a t e Admin i s t r a t i o n .
h e � r i n g i t w a s s t r ongly supp or t Al
e d b y t he Mar ine C o r p Le ague .
t h o ugh no par t i c u lar oppo s i t ion was
e xpr e s se d , t h e House a c c e p t e d the
An o t h e r at t e mp t of
adv e rs e r e p or t .
t h i s t ype will p r o b ab ly b e made again
ne:.:::: t y e a r .
S i n c e r e ly ,
R e p . John F . D o lan
S e c on d E s s e x D i s t r i c t
I p s w i c h , Mas s a c h us e t t s
was
o
! 8 t c., b li h . r �.' '."! d s c.. t � ! z...
JI. c a de y 11 i t h t h e h o:·. 1t: : !1'" i: e11 n t .ia lly
RO e
of o ur b oys ,.:i.. .:_, h t o. t t -:! nd .
1m o ·i. h? r
pur r o s e �� s t o c h �nn e l l t h e e f f or t � o l
t h e qor t h Y�r m o u t h 8 t ud e u ts t o b e 1 � f i t
o u t t e e ns in wh� t e v e r w � y p oss i o le .
S o t' !e o f t n e t ldn gs
c c o l� lishe d this
v i s i t r n r e a n e x c h "' n ge o f i d e a s f r od
t h e t r n gr o u}_Js .
1 r i t ing e x c hange },•r o eram s o e v e r yone c �n h�v e i e n �a l s � �
t he s c h o o l .
Th e t, r o u
f r ow l·or tb
Ya rmou t h a gre v d t hat t he y .;.r o uld c h e c k
t n e p o s s i b i l i t y o f s e nd ing the ir R o e �
group t o p lay at t h e �� y 3a ll .
The
North Yarmo u t h s t ud e n t s were B ob R o s s \
D e an G o ods e l l , Bi l l lh o��s , J ohn C o lli�e
Bob Mcc lay dnd Ke v in C as e y .
T h e ir
fac ulty advis ors .1e re ui c ha e l and
S ue C o rb e t t .
In writ ing this > r t i c le I c ouldn '
finish oy n o t
e n t i oning h o ,1 proud I
aiil of t e way our young lll � n an d .Yowe n
c onduc t e d t h e ws e lv e s .
Th e Z i b yig T c , 5
are t r u ly a c r e d i t t o our r e s e rva t i on ,
..
c.
_
J
•.
x
x
x
ED ITOR ' S SPOUSE
ADJvi.ITT1i_;D TO ut il'i ·, B ,'..N
Kenne th C . Th or.1r.s on , D e pu t y C ommis s i on e r
o f Indian Af f 2 ir s
(ria.in e ) was
admi t t e d to �ruc t i c e b e f ore the
aine
B ar on Thurs day , Fe b ruary 13t h .
Th omps on , a Gardiner r e s ide n t , wa�
b orn in S aras o ta , Fla . an d gre w up in
Fr e e p or t , ba ine .
liis ·Jare n t s are i'·J.rs
Ad e laide , an d t he lci t e Ri c hatd H .
Th omps on , o f Fr e e p ort .
Th oups on is a gradu�t e of Fr e e p ort
H i gh S c h o o l , C o lb y C o ll e ge and the
Univ e rs i ty o f Ma ine S c h o o l of Law .
He
is mar r i e d to the f or file r Euge nia Th o . ,•as ,
a Pe n ob s c o t Ind i an �.nd Ed i t or of t he
T h e y have
Maine In dian � e ws le t t e r .
two c h ildre n , Kimb e r ly and �i lliam
�uin c y , and are e xpe c t in g a t h ird in
xx
,Apr i l .
JJh e n aske d
b ou t his fut ur e
Pleasant Point Te e n C lu b
plans , ·r h ow:i)s on s a id :
"Ny pre ..:.. e n t j o··.
C on t in u e d f r om p a g e 2 )
e ntails w otkin g , wi t h t h e t h r e e Ind ia�
(
H ousing A�t h o ri t i e s .
I e n j oy w orking
On S unday our gue s t s a t t e n d e d t he
w i t h them and it w ould be v e ry dif fi = � t
ere
In t h e a f t e rn o on t h
S unday Mas s .
t o leave .
H ow e v e r , I have r e c e iv e d �n
w a s a s e s s i on o f p ing-p ong a n d a
o f f e r wh i c h I aw c ons i d e r in g whi c h
b as ke t b all g _me at S puds yard in t he
w ou ld e nab le m e t o e n t e r pr ivate
Ev e ry one daid
mi d d le o f t he s t orm .
I ha v e n o t made any d e c is j �
pra c t i c e .
b o o d -b y e a t ab out f our on S u nday
ye t .
B u t in an:,- cc: se I .fOu ld n o t plt'
a f t e rn o o n .
t o leave f o r at l e c:. s t an o t he r year . "
h
T h e purp o s e f or t h i s ge t t o g e t e r
(Ed . n o t e :
C o ngrntula t i o n s , h on ! )
�(11)
HAr .� IND IANS HAlIED :_.y : A TE S PP..E S IDENT
At a January
Dr .
mi s s ion ,
2 2nd d inner me e t ing o f
H.
Thomas
P-eyno l d s ,
the Andro s cogg in Va l l ey heg ional Com
pre s id e n t of : at e s Co l l ege ,
remarks t h e fo l lowing connne n t s about Maine
Auburn Sun o f the
tnd ians ,
2 3rd :
1 1D igr e s s i ng for a momen t , Dr . Reyno lds
i an s ,
included in h i s
a s repor ted b y the Lewi s t on
an ex i s t ing cu l ture wi t h in
the
s pol�e of
the p l ight
of Haine ' s
Ind
I t wou l d n o t � e expen
sma l l numb e r o f Ind i an s t ha t wou ld
s t a t e ' s cul ture .
s ive for Maine
to provide a program for its
· :nour i sh a fore ign cul tu'i'."e wi thin
ur s t a t e . ;
There i s n ' t r e a l ly much tha t i s Ind i an in Maine ' s
for the I nd i an name s .
c an s mu s t l e arn to
this
sma l l al ien cu l ture ,
S.
he s a id ,
Dr . Reyno ld s
ex c e p t
and Amer i
l ive w i th o t her cu l ture s and no t j u s t d e s troy them .
Na ine canno t appropr i a t e a few thou s and do l l ar s
U.
cul tur e ,
Uie R e d Man i s a n exampl e o f ano ther cu l ture ,
If
to d o s ome thing drama t i c for
s a id he doe s no t then b e l ieve
that the
l e arn to get a l ong w i th o ther cul tur e s which have d i fferent va l ue s
can ever
Any p l ann ing mus t inc lud e cons i d e r a t ion o f d i f fPren t cu l t ure s ,
t han our o\vn .
he ad ded . 1 1
HICI{EL HAI·ID S PARTLY TIED
tla l t e r J .
Hi cke l ,
r e c e n t l y - conf irme d S e c r e t ary of
Int e r ior und er
the
Pre s ide n t Nixo n , n i l l oper a te the In ter ior l) e par tment with Congre s s looking
over his
shou l d e r ".
the kind of
it won ' t ex a c t ly be
Pre s id e n t Nixon has t e en t a lkin g ab ou t .
con f irma t ion , Hi c ' e l has commi t t e d hims e l f to che ck
The re l a t ionship w i l l b e c l o s e but
1 1 (-:>ge thern e s s · ;
In order to win h i s
every ma j or d e c i s ion in advance w i th the S en a t e In ter ior Commi t t ee .
he promi s ed
a l low the
to r e t a i
the ex i s t ing l and
9 l s t Congr e s s
t io n h e ar ing ,
many
fre e z e in A l a s ka for
to a d j ud i c a t e na t ive
l and c l a ims .
f e ar e d Hicke l wou ld wipe out
the order
b 1 t 5 on , which had b e e n ini t i a t e d b y h i s prede ce s s or ,
e ad er s o f � D r ew Pear s o n ' s D e cemb er
w i l l be
che e r e d to
i
2 7 th
two year s
B e fore h i s
In add i t ion ,
to
con f irma
free z ing land d i s tr i
S t ewar t Ud al l .
·Tash ing t on Merry-Go -Round 1 ;
c o l umn
l e arn that Hi cke l canno t a c t uni la t era l ly in thi s mat ter .
The c o lumn de.e cr ioed how Hi c!<.e l ,
as Governor
of A l a ska ,
a l l eg e d l y cracke d - d own
on an E skimo f i shing coopera t ive at Ku skokuin , ·where he u s e d s t a t e p o l ic e and
s ta t e o f f i c i a l s
free z er s h i p .
A c c or d ing
to p-reve n t
Pear son ,
to
had b een ne t ting around
a t ive w i th
the co-op
the he l p o f
$ 500
the
sa lmon c a t c h to a Japane s e
s tory be gan in 1 9 6 7 , when A l a skan E s k imo s , who
a year from the ir
s a l mon catch ,
Of f ic e of E conomic Oppor tun i ty ,
Commun i t y Ac tion Agency and
F ir s t
the
from s e l l ing i t s
the Ala ska Legal
organ i z e d a cooper
the A l a s ka S ta te
Servi ce s , whi ch works for OEO .
they bu i l t a smal l c o l d s t orage p l an t a t B e the l , whe re the ir f i s h
could b e
s to r e d to b e marke ted a t higher pr i ce s l a t e r in s t ead o f s e l l ing innne d i
a t e ly .
Th e co ld
So
s torage p l an t my s t e r iou s ly bu;:-ned down .
t h i s y e ar ,
the E skimo s s igne d a j o i n t con t r a c t with a Japane s e f irm
for pur cha s e o f t he e n t ir e c a t ch of t he ��u s ko'mim E skimo s at a p r i c e which was
doub l e tha t pr ev i.n s l y paid the E s kimo s b y S e a t t l e midd lemen .
nut when the Japa ne s e
H icl�e l r e a c ted a s
nor ing the f a c t
t
Toky o ,
sell
the
i f h e uere
sh i.p arr ived to p i c1• up the c a t c h ,
faced
1 i t h ano ther Pear l Harbor .
Pear s on s ay s
Comp l e t e l y ig
tha t h i s own Anchorage rJatural G a s Company s e l l s
he s e emed to think i t was again s t
f i s h to Japan .
l i quid gas
the l aw for E skimo fi shermen t o
�y a v ar i e ty o f mean s , n o n e o f them too c l ear , he b rough t
Japan e s e r e pr e s en t a t iv e s around
to h i s
informed t ha t no f i s h would b e �ough t .
1ay of
t hinking ,
and
the E skimo s were
As a f in a l irony , Pear son no t e s tha t Hi cke l wi l l be r e s pons ib le ( a s Secre
the In t e r ior ) f nr admin i s t er ing $ 1 , 700 , 000 vo t e d l a s t weel� by Congr e s s
t ary of
t o a id A l a skan n a t ive
f i s hermen ,
inc lud ing
$ 68 3 , 000
for
'we l fare a s s i s tan ce
A l a skan nat iv e s a f f e c t e d b y a t r ag i c drop in the ca t ch o f f i s h i :
l a s t summer .
to
�(12)
CHEROIIBE
CRAF T llii1 8
Phe nomenal i s t h e word wh i ch b e s t d e s cr i� e s the growth o f Oua l la Ar t s
and Cra f t s Mu tua l , In c . , dur ing the las t two decade s .
S ta r t ing in 1 94 6 a s
t he Ar t s and Cra f t s Cooperat ive A s s o c i a t ion o f t h e E a s tern Land o f Chero�ee
Ind ians , it is today re cogn i zed as one o f the ou t s tand ing Ind ian Ar t s and
Craf t s organ i z a t ions in the Un i ted S t a t e s .
Owned and oper a t ed by the Cherokee Ind i an Cra f t smen o f the Qua l la r e s e r
va tion , Cherokee , H . C . , i t was founded to en courage the deve lopmen t , produc t ion
and marke t in g of the many un i que and authen t i c Ind ian craf t s produced on the ir
r e s er va t ion .
Qua l l a Ar t s and Craf t s Mu tual has b een , and cont inues to b e , an impor t an t
s our ce o f supp l emen tal income for t h e 2 0 8 memb e r s and the ir fami l i e s , and
many d e pe nd a lmo s t en t ire ly n the s a l e o f their cra f t s as a sour ce o f income
dur hig the winter mon th s .
\lhen a memb er s e l l s his hand i cra f t s to Qua l l a , this payment repre s en t s
A s emi
o n ly a par t o f t h e t o tal t enef i t s o f memb e r s hip i n the organizat ion .
annua l d iv J d end o f 5% i s aut oma t i ca l ly paid to t he member on the cra f t s tha t
he s e l l s .
Each year the pro f i t s tha t Qua l l a mal�e s are d ivided among the
member s on a p er cen t -o f - sa le s b as i s .
F � r examp l e , i f a memb er s o ld a cra f t i tem to Cua l l a in 1 9 5 7 for $ 1 . 00 ,
he received an ad d i t j o n a l d ividend o f 5% , p lus an e qu i ty cred i t o f ano ther 4 5% .
As a fur ther examp le o f i t s va lue t o the Cherokee commun ity , the top producer
ot the organ i za t ion in 1 9 6 7 s o ld $ 3 , 704 . 34 t o Qua l la .
The 5% d ividend totaled
$ 185 . 2 2 with an e qu i ty cred i t o f $ 1 , 6 75 . 9 5 be ing received b y thi s producer .
E qu i ty paynte.n t s , which in recen t year s have been sub s tanial , are paid
a s the Ex e c \ ! t ive Courud. t tee o f the organ izat ion fee l s i t i s f inan c i a l ly ab le .
Qua l l a Ar t s and Cr a f t s Mu tua l own the ir present build ing which wa s
cons truc ted in 1 9 6 1 at a co s t o f $ 50 , 000 .
$ 3 0 , 000 of this amoun t wa s borrowed
In
from the Cherokee Tri L a l Counc i l to be paid b a c!� over a 24 year period .
Novemher of 1 9 68 , Qual la l iquidated this ob l igat ion , t aking only 7 of the 24
v e a r s t o reach this go al .
The b r igh t e s t p i c ture in Qua l l a ' s his tory is the ir a c t ivit ie s f r 1 9 6 8 .
S a l e s s how an incre a s e o f approx i ma t e ly 2 5% over the previous year .
The
future o f Qua l la Ar t s and Cr a f t s Mutual , Inc . , con t inue s to ho ld much promi s e .
There are many ou t s tand ing craf t peop le produ c ing basl e t s , wood carving , p o t t ery ,
b e adwork , s cu l p ture , b o th wood and s t one , weaving and me t a l work.
(From a s ervice new s l e t t e r o f the Ind ian Ar t s and Cra f t s oard 1 1 2 / 30 / 6 8 }
S te phen M . Ri chmond , F i e ld Repre senta t ive , P . o . E ox 2 9 2 , Che ro!�e e , N . C . 28 7 1 9 )
GPANT-IN-AID
TO
S TATE
HUSEUM
The Baine, S ta t e Commi s s ion on the Ar t s and the Human i t i e s has announc ed
3 s e par ate gran t s to the Maine S tate Mu s eum ' s r e s earch s t a f f .
Two of the s e
were awarded to a l l ow t h e Mu s eum s ta f f to und er t ake t he f o l lowing pro j e c t s :
1 ) to d e termine and r e cord the na ture and l o c a t ion of Maine Ind ian ar t ifac t s
he ld i n mu s eum co l l e c t io n s i n nor the a s tern Uni te d S ta te s and eas tern Canada ;
2 ) to eva luate the ar chaeo l og i c a l po t en t i a l of three preh i s toric Ind ian camp
ground s and / or Lur i a l s i te s .
The 3 mu s e um gran t s tog�tbar t o t a l �d $ 98 0 .
La s t summe r , s taff memb e r s of the S ta t e Mu s eum v i s i t ed the 2 Pa s s amaquoddy
Re s erva t ion s and d i s cu s s ed w i th tr iba l o f f i c i a l s the p o s s ib i li ti e � of future
t r ib a l mus eum con s tru c tion on the r e s erva tion s .
The s e ar ch for exi s t ing co l
l e c t ions � f Ind ian ar t s and craf t s i tems i s a r e s u l t o f t he s e v i s i t s .
A l at er
Af..
1Y. ONE KNCY.HNG OF PUBLIC
v i s i t to t he Penob s co t Res erva t ion i s a l s o p l anned .
lA
OR PRIVATE C O LLE C TI OH S OF !v" INE INDIAN ARTIFAGTS I S URGED TO COHTAC T THE �
I t i s known
LE TTER , who w i l l p a s s the informa t ion a l ong to museum off i c ia l s .
t ha t in the ear ly d ay s o f . t hi s cen tury , privat e co l le c t or s bought many phice l e s s
The s e should be located , for triba l d i s p l ay : u s e .
he i r l ooms from Maine Ind ians .
�(13)
MORE OF 1-'lA S SACHUSE TTS
(See
January News l e t ter ,
Fo l l owing i s t h e t ex t o f a b i l l
j us t
Hou s e o f Repre s en t a t ive b y Rep . : Jahn F .
13-14)
Pag e s
in troduced i n t o the Ma s s a chu s e t t s
D o l an , R - Ipswich :
THE COMMONWEALTH OF MA S SACHUSE TTS
HOUSE
!O .
RE S OLVE PROVID I G F OR A l
INVE S TIGATION AND
2096
S TUDY :rY A S PE C IAL C Oit1MI ::; S I ON RELA TIVE
TO E S TAB LIS HING A BUP..EAU OF IND IAN AFFAIRS Fm THE C 011MON·1EALTH .
Re s o lve d ,
the s e nate ,
That
app o in te d b y t he
governor ,
an unp a i d s p e c i a l
commi s s ion to
con s i s t o f one memb er o f
tv10 memb e r s o f t he hou s e o f r e pr e s en t a tive s ,
a t t orney -genera l , a n d thr e e member s
t hree memb er s
t o b e appo in ted b y
two of whom s ha l l be memb e r s o f an a c t ive Indian
w i thin the Commonweal t h ,
is he reby e s t ab l i s hed
inve s r. igat ion and s tudy r e l a t ive
for the Commonweal th .
t o be
the
t r ib e or group
for the purpo s e of making an
to e s tab l i s hing a bur e au o f Ind ian Affairs
S aid colilllli s s i on s ha l l con s ider and rev iew a l l pr i or enac tmen t s
of
the
G e n eral La� s and a l s o of s pe c i a l a c t s re l a t ive t o e ar l ier gran t s t o and r i gh t s
o f Ind i ans w i thin the Commom� e a l t h i n c lud ing a l s o any l eg i s la t ive enac tmen t s
in r e l a t io n t o former t r ib e s r e s i de n t wi thin the Commonwe a l th pr ior to t he e s t ah
l i s hemsn t of
the s t a t e o f 1' ine .
la
S a i d commi s s io n sha l l a l s o inve s t iga te and
s tudy
the pr e s en t d ay n e e d s
a n d cond i t ions ex i s t ing amon g s t t h e Ind ian s , a n d submi t s u c h r e connne nd a t io n s
as
they d e em su f f i c i e n t
to e s t ab l i s h and ma in t a in a bureau o f Ind ian A f f a ir s
for t he Connno \t'\i e a l th Yhi c h wi l l b e t ter s erve the Ind ians in the ir fu ture r e l a t i o n s
w i t h in the Commonwe a l th .
S a id coliiilli. s s io n may trave l ou t s ide the Conmlonuea l th , and may con s u l t wi th
any or a l l s t at e , feder al or pr iva te agen c ie s ·uh i ch may be engaged in r e l a t e d
programs i n b e hal f o f Ind i a n s gener a l ly .
S a id memb er s
a t tendan c e a t
of
the
m e e t i ng s
the purpo s e s o f this
commi s s ion s ha l l be re imbur s ed
a n d hearing s , a n d for expens e s
s tudy ,
in
in t e r im r e p o r t s
c l erk of
ber
to
the gene r a l cour t
and i t s r e connne nd a t io n s ,
leg i s la t i on ne ce s s ary t o c arry
s ame
t ime s p e n t i n
trave l for
inve s t i g a t ion and s tudy .
Said commi s s ion sha l l repor t
t i g a t ion and
for
in curre d in
i f any ,
the re s ul t s
of i t s inve s
toge ther with d r a f t s o f
i t s re commenda t ion s i n t o e f f e c t , by f i l ing the ·
from t ime
to
t ime ,
t he Hou s e of Repre s en t a t ive s on o
bu t w i th a fina l repor � w i th the
be fore
the f ir s t � edne s d ay of D e cem
of n in e t e en hundr e d and s eventy -one .
SPBCIJJ., .-,· E. AGE 01 HlJii
by Gov . Kennet h � : .
(Following
fossage on
1969 .
REWURCES
Curt i s
e
i s thP t po rtion p ertaining to Ind i ? ns o f Governor Curt i s ' " Sp ci � l
Human Re sour ce s , 11 deliv ered to the 104th Legi slature on Februa ry 4,
In <:. lat er 11 Spe c i al
on Edu c a t i o n 1 1 the Governor will d is cuss pro
i·-essage
gram.s t o :iJ prove the quaJi ty o f Indian e du c c: tion
. - Ed . )
ve
The Penobs co t a nd Pa s s amaquoddy Indian Tri be s h
ju stifi able pride in
They a re , as an expres sion of t hi s pri de ,
�e
their c a pa ci ty fo r s lf-go vern. nt .
continuaJJ_y SA�k ing to improve the quality of their government opera tions .
I
support th ei r prop0 sal to pla c e tribal po lic e o ffic e r s under the s tat e personn 1
law , wi th it s
ployee b ene fit s a nd pro te ction .
�'uch
a
cha nge \\IOuld enable the
re servat.i on s to empl >y pi. ifi e<i tribal members for th e s e important po s itions .
To in cr0as� the fl exfl::ril i.. ty
f ad1i1 i ni s �.rat.i u_, the Tribe s pro po s e l egi slati
o
( f'..o ut.i nn�d
on
Page 14 )
n
�(14 )
(
13 )
Continued frorn Pag
allowing the tribtl governor of each rcs1;:;rva ti n, wi t h the a.dvice and consent
of the t ribal counci l s , to " appoint p e r so n s to su ch po 3i tions as tribal c u s to d ·
tribal maintenanc a.-nan and other s p e c i al offi cers not clsewher · spe ci fi ed . "
I
support th i s measure .
Th e Penob s co t s , now rec uir ed to hold their ele c tions for gove rno r ,
)
an ,
( lieu
t enant governor , legi sla tive rep resent ative c..nd tribal council every two
ye a r s , propo s e change s c:i.llowi!l{s four y r r ter
rns f r the governor and tribal
oo un c il 1 emb er s , wi t h the co un cil
enbers h c>ving stagg0red terms to insure that
there are always some exp ri enc ed counci
uei .
Th i s is parti a lly
e rs on hand .
in erro r - the.; · propo sed ch ang e s e.llow
ar sta.gge rC:;d terus fo r trib .:d co unc il
manb e rs but r etain 2-ye ar t e rrus for th governor and li eutenant go verno r , as was
l
4-Y
r e que st ed b y the tribal co unci l .
-
(
b
Ed. )
I endo r s e thi s pro pos al .
The p re sent
syst em , pennit ting frequent, who le s al e changes in t;overnm.e nt administration,
may se riously t hr e at e n pro t:,raIIl oo nt inuity
.
In the area o f e conomic . � nagemcnt , the Pass amaquo ddie s pro po se changing
the law on for e stry income from Indi c.n To wn s ip
The p r e sent law requi res
th a t
h
all
.
the s al e o f tim.ber must be pl aced in the Pa.ss amaquoddy
pro c eeds fro1
sum equal to
that used previously from the trust furrl s to
build hou sing h a s b een replaced .
Given the pr esent lev�l of income from the
trust fund s t.ntil
a
will
timb er sale s , it
be 7 or a ye a rs befo re the sum i s wholly replaced and proc e e d s are rele as ed fo r g ene ral reservation �uprovement s .
The Pas samtiquo ddi e s
feel th.i s arrang ement i s t o restri ctiv , and I agree .
Th e law should b e
chunged t o allow transui ttal of
40%
o f th
n e t fo re stry income f r orµ th e fiscal
yec:.. r to a c co unt s of th e Indi an Township Tri bal Counc il e.nd th
Ple a sant Point
Tribal Co unc il fo r use s the Counc ils deem appropri ate .
The r ana.:ini ng 20% of
th e annual net income w: m ld be r eturned to the trust
.
Under th i s arrange
fund
ment th e t ru s t fund v.ould still bt: repleni shed , though at a late r dat e , wh ile
the Trib e s woul� have mon y ava ilable fo r special pro j e c t s , inv estme nt s or
emer genc ie s .
Other change s
nc
de trib al ap pro v al of the management of the
Town s hip
int e r e st
.
and
(
fo r th e
- Ed . )
ad d iti o n
i
lu
to the pri nci pal of the tru s t fu nd of the
annual
I have al so re commende d an extensive c apital improvanents program fo r the
and
At Indi an Is
Indian Township
nd, Pet er Dana Point
Ple asent Point Res e rvatio ns th e re wo uld be o::> nstru ction of indoor 2nd outdoor
)
(
la
Indian Re s e rvations .
re cr e a t ion faci lities and t h& extensio n of water and sewage facilitie s to accomAt th e Pd n e e - on Strip ( Indi an
o 1·mship
water
( Initi a l s
and s e wag e facilit i e s would be extended .
ta t on co nstr c t ion
o date new housing pro j e ct s .
ani
i
T
)
.fUnds fo r t he Strip were included in last June t s approved bond i s sue . - Ed .
At Plea sant Point four new cl as s rooms v.o uld b e constructed,
Point , one .
be ii1et .
The s e pro ,j e cts
all
r e spond to basi c ,
)
and at Peter Dana
compel ling needs whi ch must
JNPORTANT HAGAZINE AV ILABLE
1968,
i s entitled
A spe cial Indian i s sue o f YOUTH magazine, d ated Septemb er 22,
THE Il�DIAN .
It i s strongly r e cormnended to all tho se int erested in Indi ans,
Indian affa ir s and part i cula rly in Ind i a n youth .
Amply illustrated, the sp e ci l" 1
Views of Ind- an
Re servations ,
Life on
i ssue inc lu:i e s the followl ng art i cle s :
Two
Youth ,
C artoo nists
Look a.t Indian s ,
Indi ans in the Inner City, Understanding
Indian Cultur e , Map s : Ind ians in th e U . s . and Canada, Bibliography, Young Indian
Art i st s , F i c ti on : Girl With Seven Names , S atir e : Solutions to the Indian Probl6rn,
Own
·
Land, Photo Ess ay : The Indian Now.
The s pe ci a l i ssu e is available from th e Unit ed Church Bo ard fo r Home l nd
iVrl. s si o nari es , Divi sion of Public a tion, 1505 Race Stree t , Philad elphi a, Pa . 19102,
or more copi e s .
each fo r
copi e s , and at
to
e a ch for from
at
Alien
50¢
in His
1
9
30¢
10
�(15)
IIID IA 1 MI : G -; Ac:.:.s iTO-l-VIOLEI1T FO:�l'I OF : .r_7;; )�, pa.-mn_; i
by Enid Hemy
l�T YORK -
Thoma s ine !.'.u t h Hi l l , an ar t i c u l a t e and ex t raord ina1· i l y digni
is t he a nt i t he s i s o f mo s t c o n t e s t
winner s w i t h a nMi s s 1 • b e fore t h e i r name s .
Th e curren t Mi s s Indi an Amer i � a , now i n iiew York a s par t o f her y e a r - l ong
t our of the coun try , w e ar s no make up ( " I think i t ' s superfic i a l and a b i t s i:eaky
the ind ividua l i s hiding b ehi nd s ome thin g . 1 1 ) , l ike s mo dern c l o t he s C ' a· ove t he
l nee
ut no t t o t he hip ; 1 ) b u t pre fe r s to d i s c u s s Ind i an g o a l s and : = red power · : ·
: • r do think there i s an
' ' I ' m a lways a s l ed ao out red p ow er , 1 • s h e s aid .
f i ed 21 -ye a r •o ld from Crow Agency , Mon t . ,
..
•
awaken in g among Ind i an youth to become more invo lv ed , 'L u t there i s a good s id e
I f e e l t h a t Ind ians wou ld n o t r e s o r t to v i o l e n ce t o
t o power and a b ad s i de .
a c h i eve the ir g o a l s .
r :e • ve l e arne d from pa s t h i s tory tha t i t doe s n ' t p a y o ff . "
r : Pe o p l e l oo!�
Hi s s Hi l l i s a fu 1 1 -iJ loodec1 and very l ight - s kinned Ind ian .
at me and s ay ' You aren 1 t r e d , 1 i : sh e connne nted .
" I ask them , ' D o I have t o
be?
I
II
she i s the gr and d a ugh t e r
the Skid ee c l a n of the Pawnee t r ic e and Chie f
S e e s -:Ji th - Hi s -Ear s of t h e "" lack L o d g e of the Crow t r ib e .
: : I s p e ak very l i t t l e
o f e i ther d ia l e c t , '. ' s h e s a id .
: ; The only language my mo ther and f a ther cou ld
of
Th e daugh ter o f a Crou father and a Pawnee mo ther ,
b o c hie f s
- Chi e f t i g B e ar of
c ommun i c a t e in was Eng l i s h . : :
Her command and u s e o f the Eng l i sh language w a s one of t he reasons she won
t itle .
She wa s crmmed, w i t h a headdre s s of porcupine qu i l l s , at the l S th
annu a l Ii s s Ind i an Ame r i ca h e l d l a s t Augu s t in Sh er id a n , �-!yo .
There were
'
36 o t her con te s t an t s , r epr e s en t in g the Uni te d S t a t e s and Canad a .
1 1 I t s no t
a _beauty con te s t , : : she s a i d .
: •And i ' s no t on a comme r c i a l b a s i s . : :
Jud g ing , by a
ane l o f f ive non - Indian s , is made on a b a s i s o f poi s e ,
s cho l a s t i c ab i l i ty , in tere s t in and d e d i c a t io n to the I n d i an peop l e , and modern
and t rad i t io n a l t a l en t s .
She addr e s s ed
l li s s Hi l l ' s modern tal en t was spe e ch .
11
the g ather ing on 1 · The Amer i c an Cha l lenge is the Amer i c an Ind i an 1 s Fut ur e .
1 . The I nd i an need s t o und er s tand h ims e l f and t he par t h e c an p l ay i n s o c i e ty
w i t hout l o s ing h i s iden ti ty , : · she s aid .
; .;Je s end t hem to the c l ean Her trad i i on a l t a len t -.;- a s clean in g bucks!-: in .
e r n nowari a y s , n she admi t t ed .
•:ru t I c an do i t the o l d way , u s ing two s t ones . ; :
A c o mpac t 5 f e e t 3� inch e s and l l G pound s , Mi s s Hi l l rar e ly wears tr ad i t ion
her
al dre s s .
She ha s two t h a t she u s e s on o f f i c ia l o c c a s ions .
One i s ' uckskin ,
made from four d ee r k i l l ed by her fa t h e r and bro ther , d e s ign ed by her s i s t er
and s e'\'m by a n o the r s i s t er and her s e l f .
de cora ted .�.wlth l e lks 1 t e e th
A s e cond ,
( " The e lk s ymbo l i z e s a b r av e an ima l ; 1 ) was mad e b y a re l a t i ve .
Mi s s Hi l l , one of nine c h i l d re n , was born in Lawrence , Kan . , and l iv e d
on r e s er va t i o n s i n nor th Dako t a and Non t ana b e fore r e s id ing a t Crow Agency ,
uher e her f a ther i s a r e a l e s t a t e s p e c i a l i s t .
Her i n tere s t in trav e l snd
me e t in g p e op le of d i f f er e n t cu l t ure s b egan even b e fore s he en tered co l lege .
She
s p e n t t:uo years w i t h the
'Up i i t h Peo p l e : program b efore her f ir s t year at
E a s t ern Ho n t an a Co l l ege in L·i l l ing s .
She i s nou on a y e ar ' s s ab b a t i c a l and
p lan s to r e s ume her s tud i e s , ma j or ing in po l i t ic a l s cience , at trown Univers i ty ,
wher e she has b e en o f fered a s cho larship .
Mi s s Hi l l hop e s to u s e t h i s y e ar to fu-r l her a numb e r o f g oa l s f or Ind ian s .
She i s acc omp an ied on her t r i p Ly Mrs . Sus i e Y e l l ow Tai l , a memb e r o f the Crow
t r i b e from � y o l a , Mon t . , who ha s been a s s o c ia t e d w i t h the con te s t s in c e i t s
e ar l i e s t days .
(Fr om
-t h.,. f,a�.9.!_ D a i l
S te phen Hi t c he l l ,
_
a Penob s co t
l!ews , 2/ 6 / 6 ' )
D ID YOU KHO':·T TIIAT
s e n ior at Hu s s on Co l lege , was the s o l o i s t a t
Hu s s on 1 s r e cen t wi n t e r gra.r h 1a t i on .
$ t eve w :i 1 l h e d o ing h i s pra c t i ce t e a c hing .
t h i s spr ing - hi s ma j or i s l.iu s i nE> s n Ed u:· � H on .
�/
/
(16)
LEG I S LA TIVE NEHG
COM11I TTE:!'i.: OF IlK}UffiY APPOII!TED
The j o i n t Sena t e - Hou s e Commi t te e of Inquiry , ca l l ed for in a Jo in t Ord er
a s t h e re s u l t o f the curr ent ha s s le ov e r the D e par tme n t of Ind i an Affair 8 '
appropr i a t i o n s and admin i s tra t ion ( S e e January Pew s l e t ter , page s 1 8 - 2 0 ) has
l ee n name d .
Cho s en by Sena t e
Augu s t a )
D avid
and
S en .
Pr e s id e n t �enn e t h McLeod were e e n .
Carl ton D ay
7enne dy w ere P.e p .
Perham ) ,
"' e p .
Kenne th A .
F i l l iam E .
a t ive A lb e r t Dana and
.. e e d ,
Denn e t t
Jr .
(D -
Mi l l s
(D -E a s tpo r t ) ,
(R-Ki t tery ) ,
D e nne t t D .
Ka t z
(R
i.!amed by Hou s e Spea �er
ro o hJ' i c h ) .
r�e p .
Haro ld t ragdon
(P
,
Pa s s amaquoddy Le g i s l a t ive r.e pre s � t
Penob s c o t Leg i s l a t ive R e pre s e n t a t ive
John De l s on .
The t ews l e t ter und er s t and s that S ena tor rreed has L e e n named cha irman o f
t he Commi t�--O f Inqu iry .
Repre s en t a t ive bragdon i s a memb er of the Le g i s la t ive
Appropr i a t io n s Commi t t e e .
� epre s e n t a t ive D enne t t i s a member o f the S ta t e
Governme n t CODIDi t tee (where many Ind i an b i l l s a r e
e ing r e ferred t h i s se s s ion )
and
l a s t y e ar wa s a memb e r of
rre pre s e n t a t ive Mi l l s '
The
Jo i n t Ord e r
HWHEREAS ,
t he
d i s tr i c t
Ind ian A f fa ir s Commi t t e e of
i n c l ud e s b o th
ca l l ing for the Commi t te e of
the D e par tme n t of
' t he du t ie s
t he ir educ a t i on '
and was
1 cr e a t e d
superv i s ion over the Ind i an Tr ib e s ; '
�.Jl-IEREAS ,
t he d e p ar tme n t
is
appo i n t e d
and
and
to
s tud y
t he
superv i s ion ,
l arge ly
s t aff ;
now ,
there fore ,
be i t
that a Commi t te e o f I n qu iry be
Lhe admi n i s t r a t ion of Ind ian a f f a ir s a s pre s ent ly
t r i t:. a l o f f i c i a l s ,
and
to re port
to t h e 1 01:. t h Le g i s l a ture
t o the ab ove -me n t ioned d i f f i cu l ty ;
ORDERED ,
tha t s a id Commi t t e e
Hou s e appo in t e d b y
the
tha t
Appropr i a t ion the
The order wa s
s ha l l c on s i s t of
2 memb e r s o f the
the Pre s id e n t o f the S e na te and 3 memL e r s o f the
the S p e aker o f
two Tr ib a l Repre s e n t a t iv e s
Or
J)EP.ED ,
there
is
the Hou s e o f Repre s e n ta t ive s apd
at
t he Leg i s latur e ;
and be
it
sum of $ 2 00 t o carry out
the purpo s e s
of
this order . ' ·
the Commi t t e e of Inqu iry .
D.
fa t z o f Augu s t a i n t o
The Maine
Time s e d i t o r i a l i zed on January 3 1 s t :
t he
s our ce s o f
in a f a ir -mind ed mann e r ,
of
has
_ enne t t
I t promi se s , perhap s ,
i s he ar t i ly we l c omed .
r a t her
than
try ing
to
looked at
f inger a s c apego a t
s quare ly and
for b e heading . ' :
:Ca t z , who ha s a we l l - e arned repu t a t ion f or b e ing
s po n s or e d an order ca l l in g for an i n quiry in to t he prob lems
t he young d e p ar tmen t , wh i ch . s inc e i t s b ir th in
and b ad l y und e r - f und e d .
curr e n t f in an c i a l
serve
1 1 The entran ce of S e n .
the d epar tmen t ' s wo e s w i l l be
: ; S en a t e Ma j or i ty L e ad e r
f a i r -minde d ,
to
s en s e l e s s con trover s y now swir l ing around Maine ' s
D e par tment o f Ind i an A f f a i r s
the r e a l
fur t her
appropr i a t e d from the Leg i s l a t ive
s po n s or e d by S e n a t or Ka t z , who was sub s e quen t ly named
on
tha t
and
i t fur ther
S e n a t e appo i n t e d by
of
s a id
as a sma l l d e par tment wi th
through con su l t a t ion wi th appropr i a t e s ta t e agen c i e s
i t s re commen d a t i o n s r e l a t ing
be
s erv i ce s ,
the Hou s e con curr ing ,
c arr i e d out ,
to Ind ians ,
exp er ienc ing incr e a s ing d i f f i cu l t y
s in g l e appropr i a t ion and l imi t e d
ORDEP..E D ,
fo l l ous :
to exer c i s e g e neral
in per forming s a i d d u t ie s a n d exer c i s ing
involv ing hea l th and we l fare
r e ad s as
and power s her e to fore
the Commi s s ioner o f He a l t h and He l fare re l a t ing
exc e p t
a
Inauiry ,
Ind ian A f f a ir s e � t a· l i s hed by the
·
1 0 2nd Le g i s l a t ure was as s igned
g iven
the Le g i s l a ture .
Pa s s ama quoddy Re s e rv a t ion s .
the
troub l e s
The s e f a c tor s are a t
•
•
•
•
:i
1965
]la s b ee n und e r - s t a ffed
the he ar t o f thd d epar tment ' s
D ID YOU KNO'H THAT
Ind ians had turkey s b e fore
s ou thwe s t ,
mu s t
!hanl s g iv in g ?
In c l i f f dwe l ler
archaeo log i s t s have b ound b u i l t
have b e en a turkey pen .
tur ke y b on e s ,
Droppings
have b e e n found in
" apar tment s = =
in the
in to many dwe l l ings a s truc ture tha t
and
the s e p e n s .
f e a thers
from turkey s ,
as we l l as
I
�(17)
LEG I S LA TIVE HEPS
HOU S !HG AUTH02.ITIES PRE SENT BUDGE T REOUE S ""S
In a hi s t o r i c " f ir s t : : o f tr ib a l s e l f -government
in
toc!ay ' s s o c i e t y ,
3 Tr ib a l Reu s ing Au thor i t ie s pr e s en t ed their budge t r e que s t s
Leg i s la ture a t a pub l i c hear ing on February 5 t h ,
to
the
the
1 04 t h
be fore t h e Appropr i a t i o n s
Commi t t e e in Augus ta .
nepr e s e n t a t ive s
for their r e que s t s
of
the 3 Author i t i e s exp l a ined to
the
for ma in tenanc e and oper a t iona l co s t s of
commi t t e e t he b a s i s
the
s ewag e and
water fac i l i t ie s whi ch w i l l be cons tru c t ed on the 3 R e s erva t ions dur ing the
coming mon ths .
Each Au thority is re que s t ing funds to hire a ful l - t ime ma i n t e n •
ance man ,
fun ds
to pur cha s e t he n e c e s sary too l s and e quipmen t f o r the s e men ,
fund s t o provide for the annua l oper at ion o f the s ewage and water t r e a tment
p l ant s , and 1/3 the c o s t o f t he s a l ary of a ful l - t ime foreman for the 3 Re s erva �
t ion � ' f ac i l i t ie s .
The amoun t s r e que s t e d
Au thor i ty -
$ 20 , 6 1 9 ;
Hou s ing Au tho r i ty
-
for
the
b iennium are :
1969-1971
P l e a s an t Po in t Hous ing Au tho r i ty -
$ 26 y �06 .
t he i n i t i a l s cr een ing of
(last
summer )
t r e a tme n t p lant ,
the S ta te Budge t Of f i ce w i thout change ;
to t he
Sew a l l Co .
fac i l i t ie s
re que s t e d .
t he Penob s co t
b e caus e o f the i n i t i a l
a
sewage
the s ervice s of a ful l - t ime
Penob s co t Au thor i t y V i c e - Cha irman Ma t t hew Sappier exp l a ined
Counni t t e e that a re cen t engineer ing p l an comp le ted by
Appropr i a t 1ons
t he Jame s
$ 1L� , OL}4
tha t t h e Penob s c o t fa c i l i t i e s wou ld no t i n c lude
and hence wou ld not r e quire
ma in t en ance man .
Ind i an Town ship
All amoun t s ex c e p t tho s e f or Penob s co t p a s s ed
re que s t had· b e en reduced b y the Bud g e t Of f i ce t o
b e l ie f
Penob s co t Hou s ing
$ 21 , 1 7 1 ;
ind i c a t e d the de s ireab i l i ty o f inc lud ing sewage treatme n t
in t h e p lans ,
and r e que s ted a re turn to t h e h igher amount o r ig in a l ly
Pleasant Po in t Au thor i ty Chairman
a n d Indian Town s h i p Au tho r i ty memb er
t ive ) Alb e r t D ana
( and Tr ib a l Governo r ) Euge ne Fran c i s
( and Pa s s amaquoddy Leg i s la t ive Re pr e s en t a
te s t i f ied f or the ir Au thori t i e s ,
exp l aining tha t t h e c o s t
f igur e s were ob t a ined a f ter con sul ta t ion w i th the S ta t e
' ure au o f Pur chas e s ,
etc .
l o c a l water and s ewer d i s tr i c t s ,
Ind i a n Commi s s ione r Edward Hin ck l ey exp l a ined that th i s re pre s e n t e d
fir s t opportun i ty
the S t a t e had had
to make appr opr i a t ion s d ire c t ly
g r o u p s s in c e days o f h i s t o r i c t r e a t y paymen t s .
Hous ing law had been s p e c i f i cal ly d e s igned so
Tr ib a l Hou s ing Author i t i e s ,
for
a ppropr iated to the Au tho r i t ie s
F a ther Romeo S t .
!<enne th Mi l l s
ou t ho'\-1 t he
r.
H e out l inetl how t h e Maine Ind ian
tha t the fa c i l i t i e s b e long to the
and p o in ted ou t that b o th S ta t e and F e d e r a l fund s
a l r e ady ob t a ined or commi t ted
o f tha t Author i t y ,
Pierr e ,
the
- no t
con s tru c t i on of
the s e f a c i l i t i e s were
to his depar tmen t .
c hap l a in on t he Penob s c o t Re serva t ion and Secre t ary
a l s o t e s t i f i ed in favor of the budge t r e que s t s ,
(D -Ea s tpor t ) .
the
to t r i b a l
a s d id Rep .
R e pr e s en t a t ive Mi l l s took s p e c i a l pains
a s hing ton Coun ty phy s i c ian s were p l e a s e d at
pro gr e s s in impr ov ing s an i t a tary
coud i t ions
on
the
2 Re s erva t ions
the
to poin t
Pa s s amaquoddy ' s
in h i s d i s tr i c t ,
a s a me ans o f r e duc ing i l lne s s and the po s s ib i l i ty o f d i s e a s e among the Ind ians
and non - Ind i an s a l ike .
CHIEF ' S GOAL IS TO UNITE ALL IND IANS
SYP.ACU S E ,
N.Y.
(AP)
UJTO CONFEDERACY
- l o t s ince Dekanawida p l an t e d t he Tr e e o f Gre a t Peace
in the l and o f the Onond aga s f ive centur i e s ago has the on c e - powe r f u l ,
still
proud Iro quoi s Con feder acy a spired to gr e ater un i ty and advanceme n t for the
Amer i can Ind ian .
Ju s t
as
the
s o n of t he Huron maiden brought
und er 'Ihe Gr e a t E- inding Law ,
terms of 20- ,
from s e a to
pre s e n t -d ay Iro quoi s
S O - , or even J OO -na t i on
c
the f ive - now s ix - na t ions
leaders are t hinking in
ll federacy who s e
sea .
(Con t inued on Page
18)
l ongho u s e would s tr e t ch
�/
( 18)
/
(Cont inued from Page 1 7 )
Such a u9 Lon o f mo s t o f t he n a t ion ' s Ind ians face s a lmo s t in surmoun taL le
e thn i c , cu l t� a l , r e l ig ious and l ingu i s t ic barr iers tha t are s hored up by d i s
t ance and ne f e c t ions t o t h e whi te man ' s ways .
neve r t he l e s s , the pu l se of the
un i f i ca t ion movemen t beat s s txong on the Onond aga Ind ian �es erva tion near here .
The OnoDdagas are the f irekeeper s or head auar ters of t he confe deracy , and their
home was once the cap i t a l and seat of power in the Jew Hor ld , e a s t of t he
Mi s s i s s ippi .
The b e a t i s e s pe c i a l ly s tr ong in the heart of Leon Shenandoah , t he 5 3 y ear-o ld , s tee ly -eyed Onond agan who wa s in s ta l led December 7 th a s chief o f
the Iro quo i s , a p o s i t ion a luay s he ld b y a n Onond aga .
S henandoah , who s e Ind ian name , Ky -you-ha -ha-d e , ap t ly mean s "unf in i s hed
b u s ine s s , j, s p e ak s o f prophe c i e s handed down among t.re s t ern tr ib e s tha t fore te l l
" o f the ir ge t t in g he lp from , or mee t ing w i th , Eas t ern nations . '
Shenandoah
ha s announced p l ans for a mas s ive ga the r ing thi s summer of a l l t r ib e s in the
Hes t ern Hemi s phere to d i s cu s s : : the warn ing s igns of d i s a s t er . 1 1
I t ' s a mee t ing to d i s c u s s p lans for
"We ' re no t c a l l ing it a pow-wow .
un i t ing a l l of our peo p l e for ac t ion .
We have to p l an ahead for our future .
We have our own con s t i t u t ion . ·whi ch the o ther Ind ian nations don 1 t have .
They
are intere s te d .
There has b e e n pre l iminary d i s cu s s ion .
They may come into
the confederacy • 1 1
The chi e f s aid pre s en t ind i c a t ion s were tha t more than 100 nat ions or
ien t a t ive p l an s cal l
t r ib e s wou ld be repre sen ted at the mee t ing in Augus t .
for a four -d ay ga ther ing , beg inning Augu s t 1 6 th at the Seneca Ind ian Re s erva
t ion near Tonawanda in we s tern Pew York S t a t e and a four -day con c luding s e s s ion
at Onond aga .
The announcemen t o f t he ga thering . perhaps unpreceden ted in Ind ian
auu a l s , came dur ing the some t ime s heated d i spute be tween Mohawk Ind ian s and
the Canad ian government .
( S e e D e cember News l e t ter , Page s 1 0 , 1 2- 1 3 ; and
Jan.n nry He"t-�S 1� t ter , Pag e s 14- 1 5 . - Ed )
(l•'r om the Mai .E e__§��?.. Te legram , 2 / 1 6 / 6 9 )
Y_
•
A BRIEF EXPLANATIOl'� OF T HE PASSAMAQUODDY IIIDIAl! LA ND CASE
From t he o f fice of Don C . Ge l l er s , At torne y
by Franc i s co L . Olguin
I.
U!TRODUC TION
No one knows b e t ter than t he Pa s sama quoddy thems e lve s wha t the land case
mean s .
There i s more t han j u s t wha t t he cour t s may do .
I t invo lve s many
generat ions of in j u s t i c e s done to the Pa s s amaquoddy by the whit eman .
It a l so
invo lve s the g iv ing o f one ' s word to do cer tain thiR g s or act in a certain way ,
p lu s the exp e c t a t ion tha t the s e t hing s or a c t s wi l l be done .
The whi teman
for over one -hundred and f i f ty years has seen f i t to run over hi s oWn word s ,
s poken in the treaty o f 1 794 .
The whi teman value s the ide a of pr iva te property so much that they wr o te
in to t he ir l aws an inhere n t r ight - tha t i s , a r ight no one , no t even the
governme n t can t ake away from them - to fee l s e cure in-the enj oyme n t o f the ir
proper t y .
Thi s pro t e c t io'n i s in the ir con s t i tu t ion .
Today ; the Pa s s ama quodd y o ccupy b are l y 200 acre s o f the ir original
30 , 000 acr e s s e cured t o them by tr ea�, and this a f ter all the o ther l and whi ch
was the i r s wa s taken away from them .
Thi s s hort s ke t ch i s wr i t ten to brie f ly d e s cr ibe what has been done and
wha t is b e ing d on e to s e cure t he s e inherent r igh t s , tha t have been invaded by
the whi t eman , tha t the Pa s s ama quoddy have in the fu l l en j oyn1en t of the ir righ t s
t o the ir l and - land which be longed to the Pa s s�una quoddy l ong b e fore arty con
s t i tu t ion was wr i t ten b y the whi teman .
Read i t .
I t invo lve s your land and your chi ldren ' s -t o - come land .
(Cou t inued 0n Pag e 1 9 )
�( 19 )
( Co n t inued from Page
OUTLINE OF EVENTS
A.
Lawyer Hired .
Nay of 1 9 64', the d e c i s ion
II .
In
to do
some thing about
t r e a t y v io l a t ion s by
the
d i s cu s s io n s w i th
t r i b a l of f i c ia l s and
Don C .
be done
to
set
t hing s
B.
1 9 68 .
and
the
Pas s amaquoddy .
Preparat ion
G e t t ing r e ady wa s
to F i l e Comp l a in t .
t he ma in goal b e tween
The work invo lve d dur ing t h i s
informa t i on
Thi s
( fr om as
loRg cont inuing
the hir ing o f
came ab out a f t er many
the re a l i z a t ion tha t some thing
s tr a ight con c e rn ing mo n i e s and
s amaquoddy p e o p l e .
the
S t ate of Maine b e c ame a re a l i ty by
Ge l l er s a s a t torney for
the
12)
to
cou ld
the
Pas
the per iod o f May ,
1 9 64
to s uppor t a l l
c l a ims wh i c h
t ime wa s :
far away as Eng l and )
land b e long ing
to January ,
The ga t her ing o f . ma t er i a l s
(1)
the
the Pas s amaquoddy have again s t b o th t h e Commonwea l t h o f Ma s s a chuse t t s a n d the
S tate
of Ma ine ;
and r e por t s
p l a c e s wher e
t he
invo lve d a gre a t amount o f trave l ing ,
Pas s ama quod dy .
to
sho'
(3)
toge ther a l l
a s s oc i a te .
s ary b e c au s e D on i s n o t a member o f the Ma s s achu s e t t s Bar ,
needed to do wha t ever
the
the pr oof t h a t
where the S ta t e o f Ma ine ha s broken i t s promi s e s to
Dur ing thi s t ime , in May , 1 9 6 7 , John S . B o t toml ey ,
from Bo s t on , was hired to be Don Ge l le r s '
B r ie f ly ,
le t t er \-lr i t ing
Be low is a l i s t o f a few people and
l e t ter s wer e ex changed i� br ing ing
w i l l b e ne c e s s ary
a lat·ryer
Thi s
( 2)
to and from many p l a c e s .
leg work i s n e ce s s ary in
S t a te o f �la ine c anno t be
s ued
if
the
cour t s
Thi s wa s ne ce s
and some one wa s
in Na s s achu s e t t s .
i t d o e s no t wan t to be
the
i t s ob l ig a t ion s
Commonwea l th of Ma s s achu s e t t s can be
Pa s s amaquoddy never agree d
ins t e ad .
Th i s
to
the
l e t Ma s s achu s e t t s
Ind i an s ,
In D e c embe r ,
(4 )
to
s ame r u l e as �lai ce ,
sued .
Be c au s e Ma s s a c hu s e t t s doe s no t have
the
or Ma ine could n o t k i l l i t j u s t o n mere
III .
On
ILL OF
par a t ion , was
COMPLAIHT F ILED
f i led
wrong s
t h i ng s
tha t have been done
-
( the
Tii. a t
j u s t l ike
of
list
the Cour t
Tila t
Ma s s a chus e t t s
and Maine ,
and f a i led
That t he
t ime has needed
of damage s
t r e a ty o f
-
to
and
the
s ay t ha t the
Tha t i t w as r e a l l y due
- 'Iha t Ma s s achu s e t t s
- Tha t
the
i n to a s ep ar a t e
the
tr eaty of
of
to
the
is
the
the
l i s t ing of
to t he
tr ib e forever ,
the
the tr e a ty ,
Cour t
s aid
s t i l l re s pon s ib l e
to s e t
Name ly ,
to
s traight wha t
for wha t
for a long
t o f igure ou t the amoun t
the
Pa s s ama quoddy under
l i e s o f Ma s s a chu s e t t s o f f i c i a l s
and
Pa s s ama quoddy ne�er - gave
tha t Ma s s achu s e t t s
have b e e n ignor ed by bo th
1 794
l and s
s houldn ' t have s e t -up
s ta t e .
w i t h the in tere s t ,
p lu a
the
the s e promi s ed
- 'Iha t l1a s s ac hu s e t t s be a s ked
$ 3 7 , 4 71 . 03
land be long s
tha t Ma s s achu s e t t s i s
s t raigh tened ou t .
of g e t t ing ou t
in E qu i ty again s t
The sui t con t e nd s among o ther
Pa � s amaquoddy .
tr ib e whi c h had b e en promi s ed
1 7 94 .
Th i s a c t iv i ty we n t
the comp l a i n t
s e par a t e wrongs ) :
to do .
Pas s ama�uoddy never d id g e t
a s a way
the
In shor t ,
Pa s s ama quod dy wan t s
to be
s ued
and that no whi t e s had any r ig h t to s te a l any part
the r igh t s under
Maine ha s done
-
to
2l�
s ho u ld
t het r e a ty s ay s ,
i t away .
-
inc lud e s
f or
a f t e r many mon th s o f hard pre
f in a l ly ,
comp la in t ,
in Suffo lk Coun ty Supe rior Cour t
Commouwe a l th of Ma s s ac hu s e t t s .
1
t he
to Maine
to make sure that e i the r Ma s s a chu s e t t s
t e chn i c a l i t ie s .
1968 .
Mar"Ch- -S:- -1 9 6 S:- the
t he buckn
s ince
a very rough wr i t ing o f t he comp l aint was done .
1967
l i s t ing o f wrong -do ing s w as gone over
on un t i l Nar c h ,
tipas s
and
in
the S ta t e of Ma ine
the ir con s en t
in
Ind ians at
tha t t ime ,
and tha t Ma s s a chu s e t t s b e ord ered t o pay b a ck the
in tere s t and a l l a c crued and
incr e a s ed income from
( Con t i nued on
Page
20)
the
1 8 20
to Ma ine b e ing made
to a c coun t for wha t was done w i th
it owed t he
tha t
the S c hcod i c River .
the
the
the
toge ther
$ 3 7 , l� 7 1 . 03
trus t fund .
�( 2�)
(Con t inued
19)
from Page
- 11ha t Ma s s achus e t t s be a s ked f o r d ama g e s
b e e n cu t over
The wrong s
p l a in t ,
but
tree s
that have
are me n t ion e d above are no t a l l
tha t was
s a id in
is
the
cum
invo lved
comp l a in t .
THE CA S E
As was expe c t e d ,
c a s e b y s aying
i s pa s t ,
t he
in a nu t s he l l , w i l l g ive you a g o od i d e a of wha t
PRE SENT S TATIJS OF
A.
t he
tha t
th i s ,
i n the b i l l of
IV .
for a l l
the year s on Pa s s ama quodd y Tr e a t y land s .
s o t ha t
that
t he Commonwe a l t h o f Ma s s a chus e t t s i s
the
t he Pa s s ama quoddy ar e
t he r e i s eve ry h o p e t ha t
Don i s ,
at
try ing
to d e feat
t ime w i thin wh i c h the sui t s hould have been broug h t
too l a t e in comp l a in ing .
Don f e e l s
th i s w i l l be over come .
thi s 'vr i t ing ,
pr e par ing l e g a l argumen t s
to overcome
ob j e c t ion s wh i c h Ma s s a chus e t t s has f i l e d in Super ior Cour t .
the
The hearing on
the ahove ob j e c t ion s and o t her po in t s wi l l b e s ome t ime in the nex t two or
t hr e e mon t h s .
COECLUS IO
V.
To b e
sure ,
t he cour t s are n o t the o n ly arm o f t he governme n t
The amoun t o f d amage s a sked
mi l l ion )
and
for by t he
sub s tan t i a l
t he p o l i t i c ian s w i l l no t be d en i e d a f i g h t .
b a t t l e w i l l be a l o n g h a r d one ,
everyone ' s
Tr ibe i s very
coopera t ion
this
and
this
$ 1 50
The road o f l eg a l
i s on ly t h e b e g i n n ing .
s u c c e s s fu l .
j ou rney s hou ld be
invo lve d .
(over
The
B u t w i th
t ru th mu s t win
i n the end .
Ame r ic an In s t i t u te
of Re a l E s ta t e
The Br i t i sh Mu s eum
Apprai s e r s
Lon�on ,
Chi cago ,
Ency c l o p ed i a E r i tan i c a
3 6 B o u t h �·lab a s h Avenue
I l l ino i s
Eng land
Libr ary Re se a r ch Se rv ice
Pub l i c Re cord Of f ic e
4 25 r
Chan c e ry Lane
Chicago ,
London ,
•
Mi chigan Avenue
I l l i no i s
E n g l and
Mas s achu s e t t s Hi s t or ica l S o c i e ty
Bo s t on , Ma s s a c hus e t t s
Ma ine S ta t e Libr ary
Augu s t a ,
Maine
St .
Pub l i c Ar c h ive s
Canad a
His tory De partmen t
D e l ho u s i e Un iver s i ty
Co l le c t io n s o f N . S .
John ' s Mu s e um ,
Ll oyd Y
ruir
of Nova S co t ia
Hi s to r i c a l S o c i e ty
The Library of Congr e s s
�·lash ing ton , D . C .
Smi t h s on i an In s t i tu t e
·las h i ng t on , D . C .
The · New
runswicl� Mu s eum
New York Pub l i c Library
227
Doug l a s Avenue
New Yor!c Ci t y ,
St.
John ,
N. Y .
N. E . ,
( Submit te d by Ind i an Town ship Governor John S teven s ,
Canad a
2/ 13/69)
D ID YOU KHOf·J THAT
t he Queb e c Ind i an A s s o c i a t ion ha s pre s e n t e d t he provin c i a l government wi t h a b i l l
for
$ 5 , 000 , 000
out
the ir con s en t ?
for
l and s
the a s s o c i a t ion c l a ims were t aken from the Ind ians· u i t h
Or tha t A lb e r t a Ind i Rn s a r e a s k i n g t h e Canad ian Ind i an
Af f a i r s D e par tme n t for a r e a f f irma t ion of
Ind i an s d emanded the e s tab l i s hment o f a
comp e n s a t ion f or
l and t h ey
lost
the ir
treaty r i gh t s ?
$ 100 , 000 . 000
through treat i e s ?
Or t ha t 'NaliHoba
d eve l opmen t fund a s par t i a l
( Ind i an Re cord , Feb . -Mar .
' (9 )
�( 21 )
BERMUDA NORTH - IT 1 S HEADED EAST
PROJECT :
•
•
.
•
Relevanc e .
how many
Involvement .
oung adult s ,
So cial a ction .
all that ' s been written about them lately?
John P . Davi s ,
It all s ounds good .
�
But
if given the opportunity, would actµally l i e up to
That ' s the que stion that Father
advis o r to the Bowdoin College Newman Apostolate
(whi ch ha s no
club membership but include s eve ry Catholic and ever;r non-Catholi c who parti c
Bermuda
ipate s i n any o f it s activit i e s ) asked hims e lf wh en h e launched " P ro j e ct :
North" a few weeks a o .
It alluded
The pro j e ct title was s e le cted for its symboli c s igni fi c ance .
t o the anriual exodus of c o llege students from the northeastern st�t e s and their
1i\·fuat this
migration t o Fort Lauderdale and Be rmuda for the spring va cat ion .
title is s aying i s ,
10.K. ,
forget about tho s e pla c e s ;
pole in the cornmitment that thi s pro j e ct demands
Hhat are the students of P ro j e ct :
of them from Bowdoin and St .
1 , 11
they ' re at the oppo site
explained t h e advi s o r .
Be rmuda North committed to ? .
vac ations at the Pas s amaquoddy Re s e rvation at Peter Dana Point .
duct workshops in drama ,
Twelve
J o s eph ' s College have agreed to sp end thei� spring
art , mus i c ,
tutoring ,
They will con
s ewing and dre s smaking for both
the elementary and hit�h s chool students on the re s e rvation .
Th eir purpo s e ?
1 1 To help , in so e small way , the Indians to help themselve s , " Father Davis
replied .
The idea of the workshops originated with the reservation ' s own Governor
John St evens .
When he was approached last I ovember by . Davis , St eve Plourde
Bowdoin student ) , and Lou Doyle , coordinat o r of Indian Affairs for the Dio c e s e
(a
he turned do m the i r original idea o f having s everal Bowdoin student s
Stevens ' reaction
come to the re s e rvat ion to pit ch into ph� si cal work pro j e cts .
But our children
was , 11 e are capable of doing such work ours elve s ; so let us . ·
have talent s and we would like t o see them channeled . "
The visitors agreed ,
o f Portland ,
and Pro j e ct :
Bermuda
orth was born • • • •
The pro j e ct dat e s , 1arch
encompas s the student s ' entire vacation
period with the exception of one day on eithe r end .
Twenty-five young people
uali fi cati ons .
filled out the four-page . ppli cation Form and Stat ement o f �
The appli c at io ns we re reviewed by the i ewman Exe cutive Board , Do le , Stevens
and the Council of the r e s e rvat io n .
_pplied were well-quali
Althou h all who a
23 -30 ,
fied for the pro j e ct , only 14 were ac cept ed be caus e of the limit ed residence
space avail ble at Pet e r Dana Point .
Each student who wa s s ele cted i s t alented
in more than one of the workshop areas so that he can " pinch hit " in other
areas .
•
• •
Each participant is �eq'...d. r ed . to · re ad background mat e rials on Indian culture
Brie fing s e s s ions
in general and the Pas samaquoddy culture in parti cular .
i n c lude d i s cus sion of Indian customs and viewpoi nt s ; speakers are Governor
Stevens and · 1ayne l ewell ( AFSC repre s entative to the Pas samaquoddy ) • • • •
whe n the group
The proj e ct 1 s s chedule o f events begins ·on Sunday , i·iar ch
will emb ark on the s ix-hour bus trip to Pet e r Dana Point ( near Prin ceton , Me . )
23 ,
'orni a s 'Nill be devoted to workshops fo r the high s chool age children , a fter
"'.ve ' ve s et it up thi s way s o
And thei r own learning will be
that the o lder chi ldren can help the others .
1
noons to the elementary children s workshops .
reinfo rc�d , 1
the advi s o r explain�d .
J*
Evenings will be r e s e rved
.8Vi e s , game s and s o ng fe st s , for the e nt i re
On �ledne sday the group plans a t rip to the University of Mel:ine
at Orono so that the older children can get a good look at how college student s
learn about drama , art , mns i c - the very things they are learning in the work
. Father Davis d e s c ribed
shops .
A " happening" is s cheduled for Friday night .
r� s e rvat i on .
this event as an opportunity for the children to demonstrate the talent s they
have been pract i c ing during the weeY.: •
• • •
Like the initial question o f reJ.evance and i nvolv eme nt , thP- ambit i ous
( r,onti nuf3d on Page
22)
�(22)
( Con t inued
I
from Pag e
Pr o j e c t :
r e rumu d a l·!o r t h s o un d s g r e a t b u t .
c an ' t do
it
a l one .
They are w i l l ing
to
•
•
•
21)
The r : b u t
sacrifice
·
ar i s e s b e c au s e the group
t he ir va c a t ions a nd a l l
t he add i t i o n a l hour s b e fore the ir d e pa r t ur e .
� u t • • • t hey n e ed the loan o f ,
r t he r e du c e d r a t e o f , a b u s d r ive r t o trans por t them t o and from Pe t e r Dana
Po i n t , and t o and from Orono .
I3 u t . . • t he ten Dowd o in s t ud en t s and F a ther D av i s
need s l e e p in g b a g s (week ' s loan ) f o r the f l oor o f t h e r e s i d e n c e ha l l where
t hey w i l l
l ive .
Bu t •
for one week .
s e cond - hand )
ject .
ab ove
Eut
that
•
Bu t •
• •
•
•
that c a n be
•
•
t he y need a var ie t y n f food s tu f f s
for
the group o f 15
t hey need a r t ma t e r ia l s o f all k ind s and gu i tar s
l e f t w i t h the Ind i an c h i ldr en a t
( new or
the c l o s e of t h e pr o
they n e e d s ome c o ld c a s h w i t h wh i c h t o pro cure t h a t s hare o f t he
i s no t d ona t e d or
l o aned
to
them .
If you c an el.' a s e any o f the " B u t ' s " g ive F a t her Dav i s a c a l l at
Re c to r y in Brun�w i ck ,
7 2 5 - 2 6 24
Time s , 2/ 14 / 6 9 ,
•
(From t he Ma i n e
•
•
•
St.
Char l e s
.
by G l or i a Hu t ch i n s o n )
TO �- C I TI Z E N S O F THE S TATE O F MAI lE
THE
�
��
�
-��
February
��-
24 , 1969
Pe t e r D a n a Poin t
Ind ian Town s hi p
Hhen t h e r e s pon s ib i l i ty f o r the e d u c a t ion o f Ind i an c h i ldren w a s changed
over fr om the D e par tme n t o f Hea l th and Pe l fare
I
tho u g h t
men t
in
there wou l d be
tex t s
mea n i n g f u l change .
have c0n t inued
to p o i n t o u t here whe re
The re has b e e n a sma l l improve
tex t s are no t
the Depar tme n t made
t he p a t e r na l i s t i c a t t i tud e .
l e ad ing remar ks and b ig pr omi s e s
do .
to the D e p ar tmen t of Edu c a t ion ,
and a f ew l igh t bulb s have b e e n r e p l a c e d , b u t
I wan t
e n ough .
a
i t s mi s take s .
They
They have mad e i n t e n t iona l ly mi s
t o for ce u s t o d o t h i n g s we d id n o t w i s h to
They have no t hand l ed money me an t for Ind i an e du c a t ion re s pon s ib ly .
I
do n o t f e e l t h a t s ome o f t h e p e o p l e invo lve d in Ind i an edu c a t ion shou ld be i n
v o l v e d in e du c a t i o n a t a l l .
I fe e l t ha t i t ' s Governor Cur t i s ' r e s pons ib i l i ty
t o s e e tha t h i s worker s
a s r e s p e c t e d . e qua l s .
I f ir s t wou l d l ike
in
the De par tme n t o f Ed u c a t ion l e a�n to
to p o in t ou t an examp le o f where the Depar tme n t has
wa s t e d money me ant: for Ind ian educa t ion .
2
a t i o n f o r on e new te acher a t e a c h o f the
last
summer
t r e a t Ind i�ns
the D e par tme n t go t E SEA Ti t l e
f o r .s p e c i a l pr ograms in our
s c ho o l s .
The 1 0 3rd Leg i s l a ture made an appropr i
And l a t e
Pa s s amaquoddy s cho o l s .
I mon e y from t h e f e d e r a l gove rnme n t
T <' s t ar t o f f u i t h t h e De par tmen t t o ok o n
t hems e lv e s the r e s p on s ib i l i t y o f d e c id i ng how t o s p e nd the money wi tho u � c on su l t
i n g the Ind i a n s .
I wou l d l ike to show you wha t happene d .
A t P l e a s an t
t he
Po i n t a fu l ly qua l i f i e d t e acher was hired wi th s t a t e mon e y b u t
Ti t l e I mon ey wa s
re lease
l e f t un s p e n t .
�e f o r c e d t hem r e c en t ly
t h i s money t o h i r e Ind i an t e a cher s '
s t i l l no t b e e n r e l e a s e d .
t he s t and ard s
they s pe n t our Ti t l e I mone y for a l e s s
but
there
t o promi s e t o
b u t o f c our s e t h e money has
At Ind ian Town s h i p t he D e par tmen t d id no t b o ther to
f ind a t e a c her who c o u l d me e t
w e have money t o hire a
a id e s ,
t e acher a t the
t he 1 03rd Leg i s l a ture d emand e d ;
qua l i f i ed t e a c her .
so
Now they say t ha t
Pe ter Dana Po i n t s cho o l a t
I nd ian Town s h i p
i s no w a y o f s p e n d in g i t .
te l l h i s D e par tmen t to t ake the f o l l owt h � t Ind ian t e a c her a id e s are hired imme d i a t e ly a t P l e a s an t
( 2 ) Have the Ti t l e I
Poin t and Pe t e r D an a Po i n t a a 'we sugg e s t e d l a s t f a l l ;
( 3 ) S e e t h a t when the
money r e p l a c e d that was s pe n t for the wrong purpo s e ;
Leg i s l a ture a ppropr i a t e s money i n the f u ture , t ha t i t is s pen t in the way it wa s
I wou ld
ing s t e p s :
l ike t o s e e Gover nor Cur t i s
(1)
me an t and no t b e
a lway s
see
te l l us
See
left
tha t
to r o t
they have
in
to
the
Memb e r s o f t he D e par tmen t
the g u id e l ine s ; " we wou ld l ike t o
S ta te ' s pocke t .
"work und er
t hem d o t h i s .
( con t inue d )
/
�Here
i s ano ther examp le of how the Departmen t of Ed uca t ion opera t e s on
down to the Ind i an Town s hi p Reserva t ion to d i s cu s s
s cho o l wh i ch is
there w a s money
from t he De par tmen t came
In S e p t ember o f 1 9 6 8 two o f f i c i a l s
the re s erva t ion s .
the
l o ca t ion o f the new
supp o s e d to be bui l t on the Town ship t h i s
( They mad e the s ame promi s e a t Ple a s a n t Po in t . )
and
the
They s a id
They s a id t ha t the · s cho o l
wou l d b e f i n i s hed b y S e p t ember 1 9 6 9 i f w e approved t he
However ,
summer .
to bui ld a s choo l w i t h 2 c l as s rooms and an a l l - purpo s e room.
i t was a controve r s i a l l o c a t ion be cause
s i t e which t hey sugge s t ed .
it wa s t he b a s eb a l l d i amond
only re crea t ion area on the r e s erva t i on and a l o t of Ind ian s had
a l o t of
t ime and money
When p e o p l e s a id
a new r e c r e a t ion are a ,
they fe l t
tha t
the
s t a t e had a r e s pon s ib i l i ty
the o f f i c i a l s be came agre s s ive .
ab s o l u t e ly impo s s ib l e .
p laye r s or good
spen t
to b u i ld i t .
The o t her one s a id ,
s tud e n t s ? " as
One
"Hhat d o you wan t ?
i f he a l one c ared about
to bui ld
s aid tha t it
was
Good bal l
the educa t ion of our ch i l d
A f t e r 2 mon ths o f b i ckering they s a id i t wa s t he r e s pons ib i l i ty o f the
r en .
�o
D e p ar tme n t to r e p la c e t he area and s o they add ed
con s t r u c t { ou cou ld b e corup l c te d ,
more mon ths onto when the
for no good rea son .
Then j u s t r e c e n t ly we found ou t tha t the s cho o l s wou l d n o t have 2 c l a s s
Thi s came to us as a
rooms at a l l but only one b e c au s e o f r i s ing co s t s .
I f ind i t hard to b e l i eve
the Depar tmen t .
so comp l e t e ly ignoran t of i the r i s i ng co s t prob lem b a ck
gre a t surpr i s e from some one n o t in
t hat
the D e p ar tmen t was
in Sep tember when they made
the b ig promi s e of a 3 room scho o l .
And i t i s
comp l e t e ly wrong tha t t hey d id no t kee p u s informed regard ing a l l chang e s and
d i f f icul t i e s when
they came up ,
of keeping thi s a s e cre t .
as
they had promi s e d us in S e p tember ,
I b e l ive i t
is Governor Cur t i s '
in s t ead
r e s pon s ib i l i t y to
go t o t he 104th Leg i s la ture. for emergency fund s t o guaran t e e the type of s chool
promi s e d t o u s .
R e c en t ly ,
one
of
the s e s ame o f f i c ia l s s aid t ha t
there wa sn ' t enough money
wou ld be g o ing to
for
3 rooms at
the Leg i s la ture
Po i n t and 4 a t P l e a s an t Poin t .
the D e p artmen t
for on e add i t i ona l c l a s s room at Pe ter D ana
La s t week we learned the re que s t was in a bond
i s sue ?nd wou ld no t be ava i l ab le un t i l
the o f f i c i a l was
it d id n o t ma t t er tha t
each r e s erva t ion becau s e
1 9 70 if the i s sue p a s s ed a t a l l .
When
to ld t h i s he ac t e d surpr i s ed and s aid he d id no t know i t .
f e e l i t i s h i s b u s ine s s
educat ion .
to know .
Til i s i s
I
the i n t e r e s t t hey show abou t Ind ian
Ano ther exampl e o f the D epar tment ' s was t e o f money and o f the qua l i ty o f
i t s per s onne l i s t h e pre s e n t Ind ian Adu l t Edu cat ion pro j e c t .
The d ire c t or
of that pro j e c t it s eems ha s worked to d e s t roy what programs we have on the
r e s erva t ion .
S he worked hard to b lock forma t ion of s ch o o l board s on the
r e s ervat i on s .
She campaigned for the c l o s ing of Ind i an s c hoo l s and again s t
the hiring o f a d ir e c t or o f Ind ian educ at ion .
t he p e o p l e ,
she r e fu s ed t o
for Ind ian s in o t her d e p ar tmen t s wh i c h had had a very
favorab l e re spon s e for Ind ian s b e fore .
a t ion to
them .
She
s u c c e eded in d i srupt ing b o t h coIIilllun i t i e s by medd l ing i n
F o r over $ 30 , 00 0 in s t a t e fund s s h e o n l y h e l d 2 c l a s s
on the re s erva t ion and thi s wa s
in
(U.
s.
She s e t up dr iver educ a t io n c las s e s
m i l e s away from t h e r e s erva t ions and d id no t s u p p l y any tran s por t
tribal po l i t i c s .
no r e s p e c t
to a l l
but
to do .
She mad e enemie s
25
and s e t them up ;
s e t up adu l t e duca t ion c l a s s e s on the re s erva t ion a s s h e w a s
a sked many time s
i n Calai s ,
Her j ob wa s t o g o around
a s k them what sor t o f programs they wan ted ,
Ind ian Af f a ir s )
to try to imp o s e her p hi l o s ophy on u s ,
Commi s s i oner Benne t t and one o ther man .
for Pa s s amaquoddy cu l ture ,
her grand chi ldr en" and
tha t our
She showed
s ay ing we were n o t r e a l ly Ind ians " l ike
language
s h e or any o t her whi te p e r s o n know ab ou t
how to s p eak one
s e s s ions
br inging
is
l ike p idgeon Eng l i sh ; wha t d o e s
Ind i an language s when they don ' t know
thems e lve s ?
I f e e l tha t i t i s G overnor Curt i s '
re s pon s ib i l i ty t o s e e that
sonn e l d o no t b e come invo lved in r e s erva t ion po l i t i c s ;
( c on t inued )
(2)
( 1 ) hi s per
tha t a l l ind ividua l s
�a p p ly ing for po s i t ions
invo lv ing Indian educa t i on be
Governor s o r t h e i r re pre s e n ta t ive s ;
and
(3)
s creened by
the
Tr ib a l
tha t t h e tribe be g iven t h e power
to fire incomp e t e n t people involved in Ind ian affair s .
La s t year we heard about
the pos s ib i l i ty of ge t t ing a Mod e l Scho o l program
for on e of the re s erva tion s cho o l s .
fede r a l money migh t b e go t ten .
and many p e o p l e were s en t
Now
learn tha t due
we
of money wi l l be very
runn ing i n Maine
to
It was hoped tha t as much as
A E SEA Ti t le
b u t w e would
to do the
sma l l and come
thi s year .
l ike
tha t if we g e t fund e d at a l l ,
out o f wha t
I r e a l i ze
is
l e f t over
the amoun t
from pro j e c t s
tha t the S t a t e h a s commi t ted i t s e l f
their need i s
W e have no d e s ir e to take money away from o t her s cho o l s
same for
f ar we have
in
to Ar izona t o view o t her Ind ian edu ca t ion pro j e c t s .
some mix-up
t o o'ther s c ho o l s which a lr e ady have programs , b u t w e que s t ion if
a s gre a t a s our s .
$ 1 2 5 > 000
III p lann ing gran t wa s ob tained
to s e e
some re s pon s e s
from our repre sen t a t ive s i n Washing ton
the Pa s s amaquoddy as was done for the whi te
schoo l s .
So
s e en t hem make no v igorous a t temp t s to he lp the Ind i an s of Maine .
We a s k t he p e o p l e of Maine
to t he ir r e pre s en t a t ives
Governor Cur t i s .
to suppor t us and to make
in Augu s ta ,
Thank you .
the ir opin ion s known
to our congr e s smen and senator s ,
and to
S incere ly ,
I sl
John S t evens
Governor John S tevens
Ind ian Town ship Re s erva t ion
I ND IAN AFFAIRS S TUDY COMMITTEE GETS DG!N TO BUSINE SS
A special
l e g i s l a t iv e j o in t commi t tee created to s tudy s t a te admin i s trat ion
o f Ind i an a f f a ir s held i t s f ir s t mee ting Thur sd ay and made plans
s io n s and a pub l i c hearin g .
S e n . B enne t t D .
Ka t z , R-Augu s t a ,
shown " ex t raord inary intere s t "
s t a t e depar tmen t cre a t e d i n
cha irman ,
said
the commi t tee has
in the prob lems of the Ind ians and o f the sma l l
1965
t o he l p the two t r ib e s w i th their prob lems .
The pane l was cre a t e d to f ind ou t
o ve r s pend ing i t s
the
for more s e s
for
the l eg i s l ature why
Ind ian we i fare a l lo tmen t s .
Kat z s a id pr e l iminary ind icat ions are
the depar tmen t i s
that " admin i s trat ion
is
loo s e •
•
•
bu t i t ' s a que s t ion more o f the need for add i t iona l s ta f f than o f any casual
a t t i tude" about money .
A f t e r t a lking w i th repre s en t a t iv e s of
Edward C .
Hin ck l ey ,
Maine has done in the pa s t
o f pride •
•
•
•
t he t r ib e s and w i t h Commi s s ioner
Ka t z s a id t he commi t tee con c lud ed there are "very few things
to give e i ther the Ind ian s or the s t a t e a s e n s e
no thing but cre a t e a ho ld ing ac tion •
•
•
which has drained t h e Indian
o f ini t ia t ive and enthu s ia sm for a produ c t ive l ife . "
Bu t he s a id
the work o f t he new d e par tment s eems to have produced
"a
g l immer o f l i f e " and t h a t educa t ion and hou s ing e f f or t s a r e having a not iceab l e
impa c t .
(From the Kenne b e c Journa l ,
2/ 2 1 / 6 9 )
PUBLIC INVITED T O INDIAN LEC TURE S
A s er ie s o f 3 l e c ture s from the Co lby Co l lege Adu l t Educa t ion Cour s e i n
" The Red Man ' s Burden , " w i l l be o p en to t h e genera l pub l i c .
there wil l be a d i s cu s s ion b e tween Mr . Wayne Newe l l , a Pa s s amaquoddy
and Mr . Duane B irdb e ar , a Mand an - Hid a t s a from North Dako t a , on the
I nd i an A f f a ir s ,
On March 3 ,
Ind i a n ,
v iews of young Ind ian s t oday .
The d if f erenc e s b e tween the b l a ck and Ind ian
c iv i l r i gh t s movement s w i l l b e touched upon .
Dr . W i l l ard Walker of We s le yan Univer s i ty w i l l l e c ture on the cul ture
And on e i ther Mar ch
Newe l l and o ther Maine Ind ians
The s e l e c t ure s
wi l l d i s c us s the s i tuat ion and reac tion s o f Maine Ind ian s today .
wi l l b e in Room 208 o f the Love j oy Bui ld ing at Co lby , un l e s s o t herw i s e announc ed .
and l anguage of
31
or Apr i l
7
t h e Pa s samaquoddy Ind ian s on March 1 7 th .
( f inal d a t e
to b e announced ) Mr .
�( 25 )
FUNDING OF I�IDIAN TRAINING COORDINATOR DELAYED
A F ebruary 1 9 th memorandum from Maine Emp loymen t Se cur i ty Commi s s ion
Chairman Jame s S choen tha ler to Pas s amaquoddy Tr ibal o f f i cia l s , ind ic a t e s tha t
fund s for an Ind ian Training Coord ina tor ' s po s i t ion on the Ind ian Township
Re servat ion have no t yet been ob tained .
nie po s i t ion of Ind ian Training Co ord inator was a key e l ement in las t
July ' s Memorandum of Under s tand ing b e tween the Ind ian s and o ff i c i a l s of the
Georgia-Pac i f i c Corpora t ion , re lat ive t o di spu t e s over the company ' s fores try
prac t i ce s on the Ind ian Township Re s ervat ion .
( See Ju ly ' 68 News l e t ter , page s
1 - 2 ; Augus t New s l e t ter , page s 1 1 - 1 3 . )
The agreement s p e c i f ied that " a t leas t one Ind ian experienced in pulpwood
harve s t ing w i l l be emp loyed as a Training Coord ina tor
" w i th the company pay
ing at leas t Federal minimum wages to the Coord inator and be ing re imbur sed with
Depar tment o f Labor fund s .
One of the main fun c t ions of the Coord inator was
to improve connnun ica tions bea�een Ind ian traine e s or employe e s and the company .
The MESC ob t ained the Amer ican Pulpwood Asso ciat ion as prime contractor
for t he spec ial fores try training and employmen t program which the agre ement
spe l led out , and training s tar ted on Sep tember 9, 1968 .
I t wasn ' t un t i l late
October tha t i t became known that no Ind ian Coord inator had been hired b e cau se
the APA c ontract permit ted on ly one d ay o f " superv i s ion" for every 7 trainee s ,
and at the t ime there were only 5 tra inee s enro l led in the program , plus 9
recru i t s who had been emp l oyed without any training being required .
A waiver wa s ob tained from the Dept . of Labor on this contractual re s tr i c
t ion and fo l l owing some more de lay s , recru i t ing f o r t h e po s i t ion conunenced ,
with the company interviewing 6 Ind ian app l i can t s for the po s t .
By this t ime , however , in early January , i t deve loped that the l a s t c l a s s
of trainee s w a s due t o complete the ir program on January 1 0 t h and that tpe APA
t o tal contract expired on February 7 th .
Ef for t s to ge t permis s ion from the
Depar tm.ent of Labor to re imbur s e the company for the Coord ina tor 1 s wag e s for
that one mon th period fai led , due to there being no trainees actua l ly enro l led
a f t er January 10th .
Effor t s made by Ind ian Affair s Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley
to obtain emergency fund s from the Labor Depar tmen t for the one month period
a l s o failed .
S choe n thaler ' s memo conc lude s by repor t ing that Hin ckley , on February 4th ,
submi t ted to the regional (Boston) office of the Labor Departmen t ' s Manpower
Admini s trat ion a formal pro j e c t propos al for fund s to re imbur se· the company for
On February 1 2t h , Hinckley
the Coordinator ' s po s i t ion for a one -year per iod .
was informed that the propo sal wou ld be forwarded to t he Manpower Admin i s trat ion
in Washing ton w i th a favorab l e r e connnendat ion regard ing i t s fund ing .
The
Manpower Admin i s trat ion in Washing ton has recen t ly e s tab l i shed an " Ind ian d e sk"
headed by Mr . D a l e Hing , h ims e l f an Indian .
Copie s o f the memorandum o f the 1 9 th were a l s o sent to o ther par t ie s t o
the July agre eme n t - t h e Pas s�maquoddy Connnuni ty Ac tion Program , t h e Georg ia
Pac i f i c Corporat ion , and the Roman Catho l i c D ioce sean Divis ion of Indian Service s
a s we l l as t o Governor Kenneth M . Cur t i s .
At pre s en t , two a l l - Ind ian 5 -man
f or e s try crew s are emp loyed on Ind ian Township .
•
•
•
NO INDICTMENTS
No ind i c tmen t s wer e r e turned by a Washing ton Coun ty grand j ury af t er
cons ider ing a l l egat ions o f police bru ta l i ty on Indians at the Pas samaquoddy
Pleasan t Poin t Re serv a t ion in Perry .
The grand j ury r o s e Monday a f t er cons id
ering this and o ther cas e s for four day s .
The s e s e s s ions are not pub l i c .
The grand j ury hearing on the po l ice mi s treatment complain t s was r e que s te d
At the time this w a s announced ,
by S ta t e Pol i ce Chie f Parker F . Henne s sey .
(Con t inued on Page 2 6 )
�( 26 )
(Con t inued from Pago 25 )
At torney General Jame s S . Erwin was quo ted as say ing , " Th i s wi l l be the be s t
way t o ge t this mat ter cleared u p one way o r the o ther . "
Several Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ians c l aim they were beaten or manhand led by
po l i c e at the r e s erva t ion af ter a brawl b e tween Ind ians and two po l i ce o f ficers
on a highway near the r e s erva t ion on Sep tember 3 , 196 7 .
F o l l owing the affray
on the h ighway , three car load s of s ta t e trooper s , deputy sher i f f s and ward ens
d e s cended on the re s erva tion in an a t tempt to round up Ind ian par t i c ipan t s .
Three Indians were convic ted and a four th pled gu i l ty to a var i e t y of charge s ,
inc lud ing a s s au l t , s t ennn i ng from the inc iden t .
Prev iou s ly Governor Kenne th M . Cur t i s had ordered the S t a t e Po l i ce to
inve s t igate charges of po l i ce mi sconduct in the case .
A pre l iminary repor t ,
based s o l e l y on the t e s t imony of police invo lved in the case , exonera ted their
behav ior .
Co l . Henne s sey s aid Tuesday that the pre l iminary repor t wi l l no t be the
f ina l word on �he sub j e c t from his de par tmen t .
He p lan s to confer with Gover
nor Cur t i s , the o ff icers invo lved , pr inc ipa l s in the Machias he aring and his
own inve s t iga tor s " to s ee what we can do to make this as c lear as po s s ib le . "
Tile Governor ' s Ta sk For ce on Human Righ t s re cen tly a s s er ted that Maine
Ind ians are sub j e c ted to " sy s tema t i c po lice harras smen t . "
(From the Maine Time s , 2 / 2 1 / 6 9 )
GOVERNOR ' S S PECIAL ME SSAGE O N EDUCATION
Governor Kenne th M. Cur t i s ' spe c i a l me s sage on education , pre sented to
1 04 th Leg i s l a ture on February 1 1 t h , con tains the f o l l owing s t atemen ts :
' To improve the Educ a t ion of Ind ian s on Re serva t ion s , I
have inc lud ed in the budge t recommended fund s for three
leaders to in i t iate a kindergar t en program on each re serva
Fund s are a l s o
t ion and a supervi sor o f Ind ian educa t ion .
inc luded to p a y f o r general evening s cho o l s a�d adu l t bas ic
In a separa te bond i s sue deal ing with
educ a ti on cour s e s .
Ind ian Af fair s , $ 1 2 5 , 000 is re que s ted to con s truc t f ive clas s
rooms .
I a l s o suppor t permi s s ive Leg i s la t i on to permi t the
Ind ian trib e s , if they d e s ire , to have commi t te e s of triba l
member s w i t h cer tain re spon s ibi l i t ie s o f local s choo l board s . "
The me s s age �l s o po in ted up the importance of several leg i s la t ive b i l l s whi ch
cou ld a l s o bene f i t Maine Indian s - one wou ld make kindergar ten programs man
datory , e f f e c t ive July 1 , 1 9 7 1 .
Ano ther woul d au thor ize the Commi s s ioner of
Educa t ion to approve b i - l ingual educat ional t e chn i ques in the e l emen tary grade s .
t he
LEGI SLATIVE NEW S
'IWO BILLS HEARD
Other than the D epar tment o f Indian Af f a ir s ' hearings b e fore the Appropr i
a t i on s Commi t te e ( o n i t s Par t I budge t and on an emergency reque s t for
$ 50 , 00 0 ) and the hearing of the 3 Hous ing Author i t ie s before the same Commi t tee ,
only two o ther Ind i an b i l l s have so far been heard thi s s e s s ion .
One o f the s e , L . D . 3 3 1 (An Ac t Appropr iat ing Fund s to Upd ate the Surveys
of Penob s co t Tr ib a l Land s ) was heard by the Appropr i a t ions Commi t tee on F ebruary
The Ac t reque s t s
1 1 th , f o l lowing the Ind ian Hou s ing Au thor i t ie s ' hear ings .
a n appropr ia t i on o f $ 5 , 000 t o the Fore s t Commi s s i oner t o "update the survey s
o f the Penob s c o t 'Tribal I s l and s in the Penob s co t River b e tween Old Town and
Mat t awamkeag for purpo s e s of c lar ify ing ind ividual t i t le s . "
A s imi lar reque s t
was �ede t o the 103rd Leg i s lature , but l o s t i n f iQal a c t ion on the Appropr iations
" tab le . "
Approve d by the Penob s co t Tr iba l Counci l , thi s b i l l was in troduced by
(Con t inued on Page 2 7 )
�(27)
( Continued from Page 26 )
Carey pointe4 out tha t normal
Repre senta t ive Ri chard Carey , D -Wa terv i l le .
practice is to "perambu late" town lines every 5 year s if they are no t "mom.,Jmen t
ed " and every 1 5 years i f they have markers ; in the case o f the Penob s c o t
land s , they have not b e e n re surveyed s ince 1 8 3 5 -3 9 .
I n response to que s t ion
ing by the Commi t tee as to whe ther $ 5 , 000 wou ld be a suf f icient amoun t for
the j ob , Ind ian Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley exp lained that it would be suf fic _ient to make a s tar t , par t icu l ar ly on Ind ian I s land and re lated to areas und er
con s id er a t ion now by the Tr ib a l Hous ing Authority for new home con s truc t ion and
for san i t a tion fac i l i tie s .
A number of tribal members cau t ioned the Commi t te e
that the Penob scot Tribe i s very " touchy" about land and t i t le ques tions , and
wondered if a survey wou ld be advisab le at thi s time .
Repre sent a t ive Carey
a l s o sugge s ted tha t a general survey of a l l the i s land s migh t we l l reveal tha t
some of them have d i s appeared as t he re su l t of increased water leve l s in the
Penob s c o t River , and sugge s ted that the Tribe should have thi s informa t ion in
case i t wi shed to make a c laim again s t the s t a te for dam�ge s .
At tha t point
I�
one of the trib a l members said with a laugh , "A c laim agains t the S ta t e ?
that cas e , I ' m in f avor of the survey . "
The o ther b i l l , L . D . 4 7 6 (An Ac t Re lating to Reg i s trat ion and Licen s ing
of Dogs on Ind ian Reserva t ion s ) was heard by the Legal Affairs Commit tee on
February 1 8 th .
Re que s ted by the Pleasant Point Tr iba l Counc i l , and spon sored
by Repre sent a t ive Kenne th Mi l l s , n �Eas tport , thi s b i l l wou ld g ive to the Ple a s
ant Point tr ibe the oppor tun i ty whi ch the Penob s co t s have had s ince 1 9 1 7 to
l i cense and reg i s ter dogs on the reservat ion .
The Commi t tee d i s cus sed 3 pos s ible amendmen ts to the word ing of the b i l l .
One would cons i s ten t ly make the law app licab le to a l l person s re s iding ,on the
2 re serva t ion s in que s t ion - not j u s t to tribal member s .
Ano ther wou ld , in
a c cordance with S ta te cu s tom , provide for a paymen t for spayed female dog s on
the s ame b a s i s as male dogs ( $ 1 . 2 5 ) ; the third wou ld provide for a 2 month ins te ad of a 1 month - per iod b e tween the dead line for reg i s t ra t ion and the
Commi s s ioner
i s suance o f warrant s to permit unregis tered dogs to be k i l led .
Hinckley s ta ted tha t he did no t be l ieve ei ther the Penob s c o t or Plea s ant Po int
Coun c i l s would ob j e c t to the se change s in the b i l l , but that he cou ld no t s ay
for sur e .
So far , ne i ther the Appropr ia t ions or the Legal Affairs Commi t tees have
repor ted on any of the Ind ian b i l l s which have been heard by them .
PLEASANT POINT NEVJS
Dana Al tva ter had a par ty to ce lebrate his 8 th b irthday on January 2 1 s t .
Hi s c la s smat e s he lped him c e l ebrat e .
Mr . Dunning , f ir s t s e l ec tman o f Jones por t , spoke on local government on
January 2 3rd a t the Tr ib a l Ha l l .
He explained how a town i s run through i t s
voted o f f i c ia l s .
The �P , wi th
Pre s en t were memb er s o f both reservat ion s .
the cooperat ion o f Mr s . Alyne Ward·, Pro j ec t D irector o f Adu l t Educa t ion , s e t
the mee t ing up .
Re fr eshmen t s were served af ter the mee t ing .
A cake s a l e s pon sored by the American Leg ion Auxi liary o f Eas tport was
held and condu c t ed by Margaret Mi t che l l ' at her home on January 2 6 t h .
Margaret
is a member o f the Aux i liary .
Pre s . Jeane t te Moore pre s ided over the busine s s mee t ing of the Women ' s
Club on January 2 7 th .
Plans were made to ho ld a cake sale s o we wou ld have
money in r e s erve to carry ou t our pro j e c t s , s ince our funds are �ather low .
The c lub has pur cha s ed remnan t s to make qui l t s .
An open inv i t a tion l°s ext ended
to a l l t he women , to j o in the c lub .
Refreshment were s erved and game s p l ayed
af ter the mee ting .
Jo s eph Nicho l a s , Melvin Franc i s , Sab a t i s Mi t che l l and Fred Fran c i s were
( Continued on Page 28 )
�( 28 )
(Con t inued from Page 2 7 )
among the member s o f the Knigh ts of Co lumbus o f E a s t port who were ins t a l l ed
as o f f icer s a t a j o int me e t ing with the S t . Cro ix Council of Ca lais on January
30th .
Every Mond ay even ing af ter the regu lar CCD c l as s e s of rel i gion by Fa ther
Ni cknair , the teenagers enjoy a live ly game of ping pong in the Tr ibal Hal l .
Mr s . Mary Cre igh ton , E l la Cre igh ton and Mr . Char l e s Newe l l o f Cambr�dge ,
Ma s s . were cal led home las t week due to the death o f their un cle Frank Newe l l ,
who d ied in a Cal a i s Ho s p i t a l on January 3 1 s t .
He had lived in Prince ton .
Among h i s re lat ive s here he leave s his mo ther , Mr s . E l i zabeth Lacoute , age 8 6 .
The v i t a l s t a t i s t ic s report l i s t s 3 7 2 people living on the r e s erva t ion
in 1 9 6 8 .
There have been four young men who €.n l i sted in the Mar ine s dur ing
the month of January .
They are Dale Mi t che l l , David Homan , Frederick Franc i s ,
Jr . and Reg ina ld S tanley .
They are s ta t ioned in Parr i s I s land in s . c . where
they wi l l comp l e te their b a s i c training .
Mr . and �r s . B i l l Ruper t , the VISTAs a s s igned to Plea sant Point , have
been furn i shed a car by t he S ta te for the durat ion of the ir s t ay .
Y s . Ruper t
ir
teache s the kindergar ten c l a s s which has 2 boys and 10 gir l s .
She
Mi s s Deanna Francis i s curren t ly emp loyed in San Franc i s co , Cal i f .
i s the daugh ter of Mr . and Y s . Frederick Francis .
�
George Fran c i s spent a few days in the Eas tport Ho spi t a l as a re su l t o f
t h e f lu .
H e i s f ine again and made a t r i p t o Augu s ta with our Governor thi s
week .
Gov . Eugene Francis l e f t for Augu s t a on February 5 th to at tend leg i s la
t ive mee t ings concerning the Hou s ing Au thority , of which he i s chairman .
Mr . �nd Mr s . Fran c i s Sap i e l are the proud paren t s o f a baby boy born on
February 3rd at the Ea s t port Memorial Hos p i ta l .
Th i s make s 9 children for
the Sapie l s .
Congratulat ions �re be ing ex tended to Mr . and Mr s . Raymond Moore on the
bir th o f a baby boy born on the same day .
Mrs . Mary S ap ie l was gue s t o f honor at a baby shower on Sund ay , February
9th , given by the Women ' s Club .
S i s ter Eugenio , S i s ter Beatrice and S i s ter
Oliver were t here as we l l as many o ther women from Pleasant Po int .
Mr s .
Sapiel rece ived many l ove ly gif t s , and af ter a l l had been opened , re fre shmen t s
were s erved .
(From The Quoddy Tid e s , Eas tpor t , 2 / 14 / 6 9 )
INDIAN EDUCATION PROGRAM WILL B E S TUD IED BY CURTIS
AUGUS TA - Gov . Kenneth M . Cur t i s w i l l mee t here Wedne sd ay with o ffi ci als
from the S tate Depar tmen t o f Education to d i s cu s s charge s by Pa s samaquoddy
Ind ians that the d epar tment is not conduc t ing a proper Ind ian education program .
The governor me t w i th members of the adv i s ory board of the Divis ion
o f ' Ind ian Service s and Tr ibal Governor s and Leg i s lative Repre sentatives Tue s
At the conclus ion of the mee t ing
d ay af ternoon t o d i s cu s s the same sub j e c t .
in h i s o f f i c e , Cur t i s promi s e d the group he would take the mat ter up with
educat ion d epar tment o � f i c ia l s .
In an open le t ter Monday to the c i t i zens of Maine from Pa s s amaquoddy
Gpvernor John w. S teven s o f Indian Town ship (see page s 2 2 - 24 , this i s su e ) a pproved by the adv -i sory group at an Old Town mee t ing - S tevens charged that
the d epar tmen t "has not hand led re spons ib l y money meant for Ind ian educat ion . "
we
He charged tha t Indians have been mi s l ead and " forced t o d o things
He fur the r said that federal monies have e i t her been
d id no t w i s h to do . • • "
mis spen t or unp s en t , and promis ed r e s ervat ion s cho o l s have shrunk to l e s s er
s tructur e s than or ig inal ly contemp l a t ed , and that one depar tmen t - s anct ioned
worker has "medd led in tr ib al po l i ti c s . "
The New s le t ter und er s tand s that
(From the Bangor Dai ly News , 2 / 2 6 / 6 9 .
s en t to the Maine Congre s s ional d e leg·"ltcs )
copies of Gov . S t even s ' le t ter have b een _
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Feb. 1969)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1969-02
Contributor
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Julia Brush
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-455
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/0d0e25da4eed106f2bf36472866e0d22.pdf
19ee988bea175f7ee92497d5f1a31543
PDF Text
Text
��������������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Feb. 1972)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Bowdoin College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1972-02
Contributor
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Siobhan Senier
Rights
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Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
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English
Type
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Document
Date Available
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June 3, 2016
Format
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pdf
Identifier
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DV-372
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/acc6c6d057d89d8c2bad4c4f97d80e73.pdf
5f65d762411b7034a2396612c4c294ac
PDF Text
Text
MAINE �.INDIAN
N E W S L ·E T T E R
VOLUME
1,
NUIVIBER
6
JANUARY 1967
INDIAN RESERVATION
SCHOOLS TO BE INSFSCT:CD
The three Maine Indian reservatio�s �ill have their sc11ools inspected
federal official of the U.S. Depart �nt of He<llth, �duc�tion and .ielf&re.
HEW contends that ti-ie schools are in violc:.,tion of the Civil Rishts itct of 1964.
This announceraent ca&e in answer to the telebra� sent by, GovernorCur
c<nd Comvisioner of Indian J-1.ffairs,
tis; Com,.1isi·oner of Education, Logc..tn;
Hinckley, which requested a review of the threatening situation to �ithhold
federal funds from the sto.. te 1 s Education Depurt .ient.
(A co;y of Gov. Curtis 1
telegram follows this article.)
The HE· re2resentative, Theron Johnson scheduled a �eating on January
27th, and will spend as much tifile as nece�3�ry to loo� into the situation.
by
a
GOV"SRNOR
Clr:?TIS .SE.ms TELt;GR•·ci
The Governor of t:iaine, Kenneth ·!. Curtis sent a telegrnm to the U.
Office of Education about the Civil qights hCts ,�it a�plies to the Maine
The text of the telegrl: follows:
Indian children.
11i�1r. David. S. Seeley, Assistant ComuJisioner
·
.,,-..'CAL �Due l'IGr�1�L O:.? 0 TUF"ITI-:s .L ROGR.-tr;
Office of Education
U
:ashington, D.C. 20202
•
•
•
As a result of your letter of August 3u, 19u01 &nd subsequent
recent action by the Maine St· te Board of Education in prepar
ing ap roprinte leGislntion for cowpliance, serious questions
have been rnised �vithin the Der--c.�rt··ent of :,�ducation, Depart"1ent
of Indi�n Affairs, Ro�an Catholic.Diocese of Fortland, �ewbers
of the State Le�islature and the Governors of the Penobscot
and Passanaquoddy Reservations concerning the infor1.!ation on
which your opinion was based.
On behalf of the State of Maine, in conjunction with Commis�ioner
nd Cow: -issioner
Hinckley of the De!>artment of Indian Affairs,
Logan of the Department of �ducation, I urgently request that
you or a representative of your office coille to Maine as soon
as possible to conduct a detailed personal investigation of
the current program for the �ducation of our Indian children,
to consult with the agencies �entioned above, and to report to
me your findings.
It is the aim of this Administration to provide the best possible
educational oyportunities for all J\·laine children including Indian
children and in addition to ensure that this stEte.is in coillpli
ance with all provisions of the Civil Right� f ct."
�(2)
IND IAN Gonm 'ORS S.t-Eru".. OUT
MaiDe
IDdians Make
Plans To
Oppo&e Any E fLar t T o C lose T h e i r
,ch o ols
b y B ob Dr e w
Augus t a
and many
- The
of Mai n e 's
in pr o t e a t
T h is t ime
ove r what
it
''G r e e t \t'J hi t e Fo.t he r "
1 , 200
t h e y consi d e r as ano t h e r
is s£ho ols
Le ad e rs
of
( January 17 t h)
in gt on C ount y,
i n ,Jashin- t on
r e se rva t i on Indians are
on
the
t h e Passamaq u o d d y T r i�e
at
�nd
Pie asan t
the
of
r e se rv� tione .
Faint
has d o11e
to
i t again
the veroal w�rpa th
l one st ring of
a
injust ices .
held counci l sessi ons T u e sday
and Pe t e r Dana
P e n obsc o t Tribe
t aking
had
a
oint
Rcse rvd t i ons in
s e ssi on sched ul�d
trte
iash
f o ll ow
ing ,Je dne sday e veni11.:; at O l d T own wi t h o f 1icials o f t h e dc.. i ne D e par t.nent
of E d ucat i on and the i1'la ine D e par t went of Ind i2n Af fairs .
S t i l l a t h i r d r.ae e t i ng was sche dule d T!iu rsday at Au gus ta �vh e
re pre
t h e Maine R o man C a t h olic d i oce oe con f e r \Jil;ll e d ucc..t i o n c:.nd
s e nt a t ive s o f
t r ib al l e ad e rs.
C ath olic nuns s t af f
Ind ian l e ad e rs are
the
t h re e
incense d b e cause
e le �ent ary scho ols .
t h e s t ate h�s s�id
Jay have
it
t o cl ose t h e sch o ols
0c �use o f a U.S. Ofiice o f Educati on ruling th� t
d o n o t c omp l y w i t h t h e C i vil Rign t s Ac t of 1964.
T h is
the
Go v .
"We
feel
and state
our
I n d i ans d eny .
John Mi t che l l
t ha t
the
of
t h e Pe nobsc o t T r i b e
f e d e ral g ove rnment
mat t e rs wh ich
hq_d
o f Maine .
t r e a t y right:s to
Old T o�n,
T h is we
sa i d
Je dnesday,
of haine,
the S t e.. te
f o rme r ly hand l e d
t r.bu l
f e e l is a vi ola t ion o f
ifvh e n t h e C om..... onw e a l t h
t he S t a t e
r e sp onsibili t i e s t hat had b e e n
at
ove rst e p}Je d i t s aut h or i t y in
d o n o t conce rn i t .
t r e a t y wi t h t h e S t a t e
sold c•.ir
they
by
o f I·iassachus e t ts
of Ma ine assume d all
t h e C ommonw e a l t h
o f Mass
achuse t t s.
T h e s e t r e a t i e s s t i p u la t e .t ha t e ver y t r i b a l me w b e r sha ll n o t
d e pr ive d o f h e a l t h, e d uca t i on an d we l f·r e .
The
f e d e ra l g ove rnme n t
fe els that
the
St .::.. t e
of ha ine
is not
be
in c o m
p liance w i t h t h e C i vi l Righ t s l e gisla t i on o f 1964.
� J e fe e l it is . "
M i t che l l said t h e r e are p r e se n t l y Indi�n and n on- Ind ian st ud ents
at t e nd ing t he
the
pas t .
f ive ,
and
field
"We
by the
of
of
He
Ind ian
t ha t
fee l
sai d
Island Sch o o l a t
t ha t
the
Indian
o ld e r st u d e n t s
the state
e ducat i on.
p r e se n t s t at e
go
Old T own and t h is has happe ne d in
Island Sch o o l is
for
grad e s one
t o sch o o ls in O l d T own wh ich are
is p r e se n t ly me e t ing i t s o b l i gat i ons t o us in t h e
W e also
f e e l w e a r e n o t b e ing discriminat e d agains t
gove rnme n t ';" .Mi t ch e l l conc l u d e d .
Tri b a l l e ad e rs a t b o t h Pleasant
f i rm c onvict i on t ha t
Point and Pe t e r Dana P o in t w e r e
t he y w o u l d s t and
sch o o l ch i ld r e n w h o a t t e n d
grad es
one
t h e i r g r o und and n o t
t h r o ugh
f ive ,
the
t o a t t e nd p u b l ic sch o o ls if
r e se rva t i on sch o o l s t o o d w i d e
Ona
of
t h e y d es i r e ,
open
t h e s t r onge s t advoca t e s o f
t inue d i n d e fini t e ly is J os e p h Nich o las,
P oint
t o a t t e nd what
the
t h e y sa i d
t he
The
the
gover nor
l e ade r
of
the
the
fame d lnd ian dancing gr o up
has m o ve d
opp o r t un i t y t o acce p t
can b e
e v e n t ual assimi lat i on o f
whi t e man's socie t y . "
way t h e s t at e
in t h is e f f o r t
t he
Nich' o las r e f e r r e d
to
the
of
r e ce nt
of
the
r e j e c t i on of
1
on page 13)
P l e asant
o f E d uca t i on is a
Indian r e se rvat i ons
the
i t a s a p e opl e ,
d e a l ing?"
(C ont inue d
of
of
tri b e sai d
is h i g h l y und e m ocra t ic.·
plan o r r e je ct
accompl i sh e d b y t h is way
t h r o ugh
door
r e s e r va t i on sch o o ls b e ing con
a f o rme r
Nicho las f e e ls t h e move by t h e S t a t e D e part m e n t
to
the
their
t h ose
th ose s t u d e nts t o o .
gr o u p .
"s t e pping st one
int o
for
but
also
p e rmi t
o u t s i d e the r e se r va t i ons cal l t h e p ub l ic sch o o l sys t e m.
T h e governors d i d h o w e ve r give appr ova l t o t hose in gr&d es six
e ig h t
t hr o u gh
int e gra t e d.
Ne
" t he
had n o
I ask m y se l f,
wha t
a pr o p os e d Sch o o l Adminis
�(3)
E
D
I
T
0
R
I
A
L
S
THE HAil'iE IHDIAN .NF: !SLETTER
EDITOR:
EUGENIA T. ThOMPSON
(Penobscot)
The Maine Indian Newsletter is Maine's only state-wide Indi2n ne'.vsletter,
and is free of charge.
News and stories way be submitted to the Neivsletter by the 15tl1 of each
�onth for that-month's publication at the following adlress�
Pine Street
Fre..J·>ort, Haine
:
04032
(Tel � phone: 865-4253)
Letters to the Editor are .telco1J1e but u.1ust con.i:o.cm to t;he rules
required by ev�ry newspaper.
They must bear the writer's correct name and
address altl1ough pen ndmes are rJerILiitted at the discretion of the Eclitor.
All letters wust be signed thou�h nR�es will be withheld fro� �ublication
on request.
Freference will be given to letters not over 350 words in length.
Letters are subject to condensation or editing �hen space limitations reqtire.
Pli.S8Ai
Ji�-.;uoDDY GOif R1-0R CIJ.'ES J1IS FECFLE ON
l•.ET'
lIC IfiAUGU�. TIO!�
To The People of the Pass[lli1aquoddy Tribe:
I want to thank each of you who took part in the Inaugural Cere onies.
This was the first tiiJe in the history of the Passa 1aquoddf Tribe thcit both
ofthe governors (Indian �ownship and Pleasant Point Reserv2tions) were sworn
into office at the same time.
11y thanks goes to Delia Mitchell for organizin� the Indian dancing
group.
This group was wade up of members of both reservati0ns and perfor.1ed
durii1g the cere1.rnny. I a · very �'roud of each perfor..:ter and I vrnuld like to
cor11rliment the;:.1 on their beautiful leather costu:.:es they ;.1ore.
I would li.tCe
to encourage �ore perforillances of these original Indian cere.:onial dances.
I wish to thank each oi you for giving �e sup_ort and I pro. ise to
do my best to l1elp each and every one of you during . .,y ter,; ns your governor.
Honor&ry guests ·ere Colll11 issio.u.er Ed Hinckley and r·,r. L 1· rs. Don C.
Gellers, Attorney for t11e Passa1 aq uoddy Tribe!
I wis to ti_ .... 11.k Fa 1..'ier Pare
1..
and Father TJe_.!ilin for tn :ing part in the Inau ura.l :-uere onies 9-l1d also,
for doing the (injun) far Dance.
Sincerely yours
Chief John Stevens
Indian To �msllip
Princeton, 'le.
.•
....
GLUSICliP 'fh LIAR & OtHER IHDIAi-1 TALES
(See page 15 and 16)
How curious it is to read this fine book on the Penobscot Indians �hen
as a young Indian I never had the opportunity to listen in when the elders
talked.
Gluskap the Liar l, Other Indian T·1les by Horace P. Beck provides
(Continued on Pa&e 4)
",
�(4)
(C ont inue d
the
f r o1.1 p a ge
r e ad e r with
Indian c u l t u r e .
of
tales o f
the
st ill b e l ieve d
For
�oving hist o r y whi c h p o in t s o u t
Y o u w i ll
Ind i ans t h r o ugh rr .
t he
so
3)
fast
a
t ha t
imacina�y
to
be
wh o are
est e d
in d e e pe r s t u d y,
(T he
have
f ind
the
, idst
wi ll amuse
w10
wai t ing on H t .
t h e Indians y o u w i ll
in t he
c h ar a c t e r Gluskap a n d
int e r e s t e d
und e r s t anding o f
y o u rse l f
De c k's b o ok ,
t h e In d i ans w i ll
t h ose
f ind
you vi t h
e n t e r t a ining g r o up
· olk l o r e i n
·11 o is
tle ir
his f r i e nd Kat adh in,
Ka t adhin f i l l ing h i s t i p i with a rrowheads
t he ir
day and aven�e
in samp).. ing t h e
t his b o ok
Mr.
int e r e sti.1 fac e t s of
o f an
the
l o r e and
t o your
li l. ing .
wr ongs
of tist ory .
t h e hwn o r o us s i d e
For
Be ck has c ompi le d n o t e s t o as�ist
Origi � al Ai e r i c an's f av o r i t e
f o l l owing le t t e r was se n t
Appr opr iat i o ns C ommit t e e b y t h e Ed i t o r
to
pasttiJte
t h e C hai rraan
of
rvl10 a r e
t h o se
of
you
of
in t e r
in d e e pe r
o f s t ory - t e l l ing .
the
Le gislat ive
t h e Ma i n e Ind ian Ne wsl e t t e r. )
D e ar Sir:
Ove r the
o f Maine .
H e al t h and
pe o p l e
ye ars
·e l fare
Maine ,
It
and
li t t le
t h e stat e
it
for
had
to
ove r
was a n o b l e
par t me nt
b ut
that
to
It
be
to
has had t h e
t he
ye ars . )
ge st u r e
be
ap r o priat e d
is my
o f t he
f e e l i ng t h a t
the
by
appe a rs
to
of
the
102nd L e gisla t u r e
t h e Spe c in l Se ssi on .
the Ind ians d o n o t
t o qe
the
d one .
A
t r iµ
c onsi d e r
to
the
a
D e ar E di t o r,
A f t e r r e a d i ng y o u r D e c e mb e r issue
I d on't b e l i e ve
owne d b y t he Indians ,
t i o n t ha t I r.1e t Hr..;;.
and her
sist e r .
fac i l i t i e s,
and
a n d n o t th e
we
inc l u d e
would
l ike
We w o u l d
t his l a d y has ab o u t
calle d
grant e d and
pr ovi d e d
t h e F lat s.
(Par t s I and II)
ind is c r iill i na t e l y
b e gun by
the
w r i t t e n b y ".rs.
for
t�
103rd Le gis
102nd .
was int e r
the
c o r r e s
I also want
r ente d .
and I
t e n ye ars ag o,
live
I
'I'here sa :r:au l .
by
t o we n
only Ind i an h ouse s t hett w e r e
�ere
t o se e a l l t h e
l ike
C e r tain ly,
pr o p ose d
or iginal b ud ge t
y o ung gir ls,
wh o
f o r,
c u l t ur e .
t he arti c l e wr it t e n
The i r h ou1e was
a l l t he Ind ians,
their
c r e a t e a new d e
to be
cut
of
t h e stat e
the Ind ian N ewsle t t e r,
o�es that
we r e
I visi t e d h e r aun t ab o u t
q u o d d yand Mal ise � t .
l ike
of
Br o oks ,tl e n t i on e d
Paul wh e n we
was l iving in a r e n t e d h ome.
T h is w o u l d
to
so
r e l ying on t h e
life
t h e H o u l t on Fla ts ,
Mr .
t h ese
t r uly yo urs,
t h is lady und e rst o o d
Jli.l orris Br o oks .
to
r e se rvat i ons wi l l show y o u t ha t
better
Ve ry
pond e n t ,
the
The Ind ians are
pr omise s f o r
l e t t e r ab o u t
the
by C omi11issi one r Hinckl e y whe n h e
y o u wi ll
the S t at e
r e st o f
funds we r e
in r e a c hing tnis g oal .
was )r e sen t e d .
fulfill
e s t e d i n the
wish
of
t h e De p t .
r e s e rva t i ons o f
m one y in
insu f f i c i e n t
by
tribute
f o r th e
isi on r e gard ing t h e Indian b udge t
b u t I h ope
is much work
lat u r e
(Th r e e
t hat a l l D e pa r t 111e n t a l b u dge ts w e r e
Gov e rnor,
Ind i ans a s i t
t h e re
de
inst r um e n t al
It
by the
your
p r ovi d e d
r e s o u r ces t o re d e ve l op t h e i r
appe ars t h is was consi d e r e d
I h o�e
use
Even t h e n,
h is b udge t .
will be
t he st a t e .
c onsi d e rat i o n i n r e t urn
t h e Ind ians .
p r ovi d e d w i t h
negle c t e d p e op l e
a
t h e sus t e nanc e
has b e en a ve ry meager
l965
wh o have given so much
"Ind ian T r us t Fund"
more
Indians have b e en
c onsi d e r
up unt i l
own land was ve ry
of
the
Y o u migh t
one
and at
kne w he r aun t ,
t ha t
o f t.rn h o use s t ha t
houdes have
on
t o see acre
also
the
Ind
ad e q uate
Fla t s,
an s have
t iwe sh e
had b a t hr o om
fac i l i t ies .
i•1i c - dac ,
Passama
ple asant
we w o r i e s
Sin c e r e ly,
rlrs .
Pa uli
e :3ro oks S t e v e ns,
Prin c e t on
�(5)
SUMMER WORK AMONG INDIAl�S BEING SET
UP
A new program for recruiting elementary teachers for worK among the Amer
can Indians has been inaugurated with the issuance of a new civil service.exam-·
ination 'for these positions
The positions are located in the States wfie.re the
Indian population is concentrated, principally in AlasKa, .AF�zona} Montana, New
Mexico> and North and South DaKota. Fewer schools are in other States: Florida,
Iowa; Louisiana: Mississippi, Nevada, North Carolina} OKlahoma and Utah. The
costs of travel to their first duty assignment may be paid by the Government for
those who are appointed from this examination.
Beginning teachers are paid $5,331 a year, and must have a bachelor*s de
gree including appropriate elementary teacher training or eligibility on the
National Teachers Examination. Others with additional experience and/or grad
uate ed-ucation may qualify for higher level positions paying $6,451 and $7}696
a year.
For complete information and instructions ask for Announcement VA-6-08
which you may obtain from Carl Mosher, located at RocKland Post Office, or you
may write to the Interagency Board of U. S. Civil Service Examiners for New
Mexico} 421 Golden Avenue} S W., Albuquerque} New Mexico} 87101.
(From the Cour�er-Gazette, 12/27/66)
CHIPPEWAS ON WARPATH, PALEFACES TASTE DUST
When is an Indian not an Indian? An Indian is not an Indian when he is a
"Wild Indian."
Such, at least, is the view of the palefaces who handle advertising for the
General Electric Co.
It is not the view of the Chippewa Indian Tribe of Red LaKe, Minn.
So the Chippewas hit the warpath, via Western Union, and Whaddaya know? For
a change, it was the palefaces who bit the dust.
It all began with a new ad for General Electric photo flashbulbs, headed:
"When you decide to shoot wild Indians} you can*t afford to miss."
The ad was built around a snapshot of some youngsters dresaed as Indians.
As paleface parents know, "Wild Indians" is a more or less affectionate term for
lively children.
To the 4,800 Red Lake Chippewas, however, an Indian is an Indian and the
term "Wild Indian" is a snide reminder of the bad old days.
Accordingly, Roger Jourdain, who is chairman of the Tribal Council, weighed
in with an indignant telegram to GE, saying) among other things: "You should be
able to sell your product without resorting to this type of advertising."
Shocked to the core at the thought of arousing the Red Man's long dormant
hostility to the paleface} GE swiftly dispatched an emissary from its Cleveland
office to offer the pipe of peace.
"Wild Indians" in GE's context, the representative assured Jourdain, is a
term of endearment.
Jourdain declined to smoke the pipe.
"It wasn't too endearing to us," he declared. "We're trying to coexist,
and we take exception to this advertisement."
James C. Forbes, GE marKeting manager, conceded. that the Chippewas might have
a point.
Plumping for conciliation, he announced: "We certainly had no intention of
being derogatory to Indians. But we have canceled plans for any future use of
this ad."
(From the Portland Evening Express, 1/14/67)
_
·
�(6)
INDIAN FAMILY IN FIT'ST REAL HOME
THANKS TO GOVERNMENT PROORAM
An Indian family of eight on the Rosebud Reservation in South Dakota re
ceived a nice present from the federal government-it's first' houRe.
Prior to that, Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Sharpfish and their six children, aged
four months through seven, lived in an abandoned car, a trailer and a tent.
They' ·d still be living in the tent, but it burned down.
Four federal agencies have put up a total of �pl 7 million to build the
Sharpfish house and 374 others on the Rosebud Sioux Reservation. The Sharpfish
house is the first.
It has a l iving room, Kitchen-dining room combination, two bedrooms and a
bath. That's not much for a family of eight, but it's a lot better than an a
bandoned car, a trailer or a tent.
The house was prefabricated and assembled by fellow Sioux tribesmen under
sKilled supervision. It was furnished with surplus furniture taKen from a
Bureau of Indian Affairs school no longer in operation.
The prefab unit was developed by the Batelle Memorial Institute of Columbus,
Ohio, a non-profit corporation. It contains 620 square feet of living space and
costs $3000.
As the Sharpfish family's income grows, its house can be improved and ex
panded. It has a stove and is designed sc that electricity and running water
can be installed later.
The Sharpfish family will pay $10 down and $5 month rent for the next five
years.
Components for the house were produced in a factory set up on the Reserva
tion and staffed with 20 Indians, who are learning carpentry, plumbing, glazing,
roofing and electrical wiring. After all 375 houses have been produced, the
plant will try to supply the surrounding area with prefab homes and components.
Here's a rundown on what each of the four federal agencies is supplying for
the project:
-The Department of Housing and Urban Development is providing the basic
construction materials at a cost of $610,000.
-The Office of Economic Opportunity is paying $642,000 for training and
labor
-The Public Health Service is providing water and sewage lines at a cost of
$367,000.
(From the Portland Sunday Telegram, 1/15/67)
NEW
ENGLAND VIGNETTES ( CHIEF'S LAST STAND )
Chief Black HawK of the Golden Hill Tribe of Pequot Indi9ns once made a
pretty good living attacking wagon trains.
That was 50 years ago when he was a member of Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West
Show that barnstormed the nation featuring a mocH: Indian attack as part of its
daily fare.
Now the chief, also Known as Edward L. Sherman, 78, is retired to his quar
ter-acre reservatipn in Trumbull, Conn. , and only occasionally breaks out his
tribal headgear and peacepipe-never a war bonnet.
He does watch the enactment of Indian.wars· on television even though he says
"none of it is true "
Sherman's reservation is believed to be one of the smallest in tbe world.
It used to be 18 acres, but over the years the land was sold.
Connecticut owns the land and takes care of major repairs on the house while
Sherman handles the day-to-day upkeep. He pays no taxes.
( Continued on Page 7)
�(7)
NEW El'U LAND VIGNETTES ....
(Continued from Page 6)
The state welfare department says it does not Know how many members of the
Golden Hill 'I1ribe remain, but only Sherman and wife live in their 125-year-old
house on the reservation.
Sherman can remember the days when he and his father could roam their acres
and nearby fields and woods to hunt raccoon, �eer and sKUnK.
11S1rnnK>" he recalls, "now there's something good. If you Know how to dress
it, it tastes liKe chicKen or better."
(From the Portland Evening Express, 1/3/67)
INDIAN FAMILIES ENJOY
THEIR
FINEST CHRISTMAS
The 32 Indian families of this Upper Michigan Reservation enjoyed the best
Christmas they've ever had. The families received hundreds of' presents, so many
gifts, in fact, that they shared them with others in Upper Michigan.
The food, clothing and toys poured into the tiny village by plane, truck and
car. They replaced an earlier donation destroyed in a fire at a mission church
Wednesday.
The man whose concern for an Indian girl sparked the outpouring of goodwill
returned to the reservation Saturday
Harry Mitchell,48, a Port Huron telephone worker, arrived aboard a cargo
plane carrying two tons of gifts for the 325 Chippewas on the reservation. The
military transport flew from Selfridge Air Force Base near Detroit.
Last month, while deer hunting, Mitchell came upon a little Indian girl
standing barefooted in the snow in 12-degree ·leather. He told some of the tele
phone company workers, who launched the first drive.
Word of the fire spread rapidly, setting off the second drive to gather goods
for the Indian families.
By Saturday, some 7,000 pounds of gifts had been sent by people in Minne
apolis; Muskegon, Mich. , and the Detroit area. More gifts were promised from
Buffalo, Ky; Tipton, Ind. , and Neenah, Wis. Cash donations were also being sent
to help rebuild the burned church.
"Everyone has been wonderful," said Roy Cavanagh, president of the Bay Mills
Indian Council. "I want to thank everyone for everything that's been done. "
(From the Portland Press Herald, 12/27/66)
INDIANS
HANDLE
SUDDEN
WEALTH WITH
CARE
Their land lies hard by the shores of CooK Inlet and for countless decades
the Tyonek people have waged unceasing war against hunger and hardship.
Only 11 years ago, after a disastrous fishing season, thei chief appealed
to the people of Anchorage, 50 miles east of here, for clothing and for food.
"Our people do not want to accept charity," said Simeon ChicKalusion, the
last hereditary chief. "They would much prefer to work, but there is no choice.
Food is needed now."
Today, the TyoneKs; only 265 strong, are one of' the richest of American In
dian Tribes.
Petroleu� companies, encouraged by substantial oil and gas discoveries on
the Kenai Penirnmla and under the waters of CooK Inlet, two years ago paid the
TyoneKs $11 9 million for drilling rights on 27,000 acres of Tyonek land.
The Tyoneks �ere not dazzled by such a windfall. On the contrary, they have
exhibited an amazing cpnservatism in hancUing their funds.
(Continued on Page 8)
�(8)
INDIANS HANDLE SUDDEN WEALTH WITH CARE
(Continued from Page 7)
Their efforts have centered on im�roving their standard of living and in
suring the financial security of tribal members, through tight control of the
oil money they have received. Theirs has been a story of rapid progress, tinged
with boGh humor and tragedy.
After they accepted the $11.9 million, they were besieged by promoters and
salesmen. Finally, their young elected chief, Alberts. Kaloa Jr., placed an
advertisement in Anchorage newspapers, addressed to salesmen in general.
"Don't call us. We'll call you. The scalp you save may be your own."
Kaloa lost his life last Sept. 12 in an Anchorage hotel fire which claimed
the lives of 13 other persons. His passing cast a pall over every member of
the tribe.
11Kaloa was young, smart, with a tremendous amount of common sense," said
Stanley J. Mccutcheon, the tribe*s attorney. The Tyoneks probably felt a keener
sense of loss than if the death had taKen place in their own family.
Besides the original payment, the TyoneK leases bring in an annual rental
fee of $1.25 an acre and a 16 2/3 per cent royalty on all oil and natural gas
prc�duction. The Indians also get free natural gas from wells drilled on the
reservation
One of the first acts of the Village Council, after the lease sale, was to
pay of.f a ti·31,434 mortgage on the village store. Reconstruction of the village
community hall came next.
Then the council approved a 10-point program, including improvements to
village roads, extension and expansion of the air strip, and health and welfare
projects. The Tyoneks established a $200,000 trust fund to insure that Tyonek
youngsters will always have the means to pursue an education.
The village also adopted what it chose to call a family improvement plan,
in which families are entitled to a base amount, plus $5,000 per person, to a
maximum of $40,000 per family.
Payments under the new plan have been rigidly controlled by the Village
Council. No funds can be paid out until each family, regardless of its resi
dence, whether in Tyonek or elsewhere, develops a sound plan for use of the
money and it is approved by the Village Council.
This year, the TyoneKs set up a $50,000 scholarship loan fund which will
enable any Alaskan of native blood to take post-graduate col1ege worK.
The past two years have seen completion of 59 pew homes at TyoneK, one for
every family living here, and an eight-room guest house, at a total cost of $1.5
million. All homes are equipped with the most modern electrical appliances.
For some 50 Tyoneks living in Anchorage, the Village Council constructed
new homes at a total cost of some $500,000. The Village Council encouraged the
buildi�g of duplexes and triplexes, to provide their fellow tribesmen with a
continuing source of income as well as new housing.
An investment program has given the TyoneKs controlling interest in an
Anchorage-area utilities firm, complete ownership of a radio-television store in
Anchorage and part ownership of an Anchorage firm dealing in the title a�d trust
business. They also own a small commercial building in Anchorage and another
building now under long-term lease to a nationwide business machine company.
But the jewel in their investment program is a new $1 million office building in downtown Anchorage. It is known as the Albert S. Kaloa Jr. Memorial
.
Building, and is leased to the U. S. Bureau of Indian Affairs at $108,000 a year.
"The Village Council has stacks of contemplated ventures under considera
tion," Mccutcheon says, "but it is interested only in blue chip investments."
The Tyoneks approved construction of �e Kaloa building prior to his death,
on ground given to them by an Anchorage resident for that purpose.
(Continued on Page 9)
�(9)
( Continued from Page 8)
"We have budgeted the money received from the oil and gas leases cc:.refully
in order to provide for the future education of our children and to provide for
housing for our people at Tyonek, " Kaloa wrote in the village Newsletter.
"The balance of the money we must invest to make our program self-sustaining.
Otherwise, our funds will be exhausted and our people will ultimately be reduced
to that degree of poverty, hardship and suffering experienced over centuries."
At Tyonek itself, the Bureau of Indian Affairs has completed a four-classroom
school, with a paved outdoor play area and a gymnasium-auditorium, at a cost of
$737, 000
Electricity for the village is supplied by a generator powered by free na
tural gas from the one gas well drilled on the reservation. Another generator
is en route to the village and arrangements have been made to sell the excess
power to oil companies operating on the west side of Cool<: Inlet.
Three other wells, drilled on the reservation, were dry, but oil exploration
around the reservation continues and the Tyoneks have earmarKed, by resolution,
any future royalties. The resolution specifies that if oil is found on the
reservation� every other native in AlasKa will have the same opportunities which
the bonus money gave the Tyoneks before they will spend one cent of the royalty
money on themselves.
Mccutcheon said the Tyoneks are extremely sensitive on this point; putting
it this way:
"It's pretty damned shocking to see the disease and actual starvation which
occurs in some of Alaska's native villages. It's an old, old story: as the
TyoneKs Know from bitter experience. They want to help.
(From the Portland Sunday Telegram, l/ l/67)
·
PEOPLE
Tecumseh Deerfoot Cook, chief of the PamunKey Indians of Virginia, drove up
to the Seate House in Richmond last week and dragged a nine-point buck from the
trunk of the 1967 Chevy. He was delivering his tribe's Thanksgiving tribute in
lieu of taxes to Governor Mills E. Godwin Jr. When Deerfoot thumped out a for
mal PamunKey hello on a tom-tom, Governor Godwin asked him to perform a tribal
dance. Deerfoot declined. He explained that he had a sore foot.
(From Sports :.P.lustrated, 12/66)
MAINE COMMISSIONER SAYS INDIANS
FACE SCALPING UNDER CURTIS BULDET
The Maine Commissioner of Indian Affairs protested Friday that Indians in
the State will get scalped if the budget as presented by Gov. Kenneth M. Curtis
is approved by the legislature.
Edward C. HincKley charged the Democratic chief executive "apparently no
longer feels that any different approach or direction of programs involving In
dians is necessary."
He charged the budget as set forth by Curtis Thursday represented "a com
plete turnabout" in the State's approach t o Indian affairs and said, "it gives us
just a whisKer more than what we already have."
The Department of Indian Affairs is new to the state and was the first such
state-level department of its Kind in the nation. It came into being last Janu
ary under_the 102nd Legislature following about 10-15 years of growing concern
for the lot of the state's oldest citizens.
Information reaching the Department in the first year of its existence indi
cated Indian tribes in States across the nation are watching closely the develop
ment and �rogress of Maine's unique social experiment.
(Continued on Page 10)
�(10)
INDIANS FACE SCALPDG UNDER CURTIS
(Continued from Page 9)
EUCGET
HincK}ey said the legislature has a clear cut choice.
"It can say we have changed our minds about programs involvJng Iniiians and
hence will not provide any funds to the Department, or it can say we realize that
putting Maine's Indian affairs on a new trail will take an intial investment of
the State's monies at a slightly higher level than had been true in the past,"
he said.
Hinckley asked for $750,000 for the next biennium in current services and
supplemental funds.
This was slashed by about $243,000.
He said the current yearly Indian affairs budget excluding capital improve
ments is about $240,000
He requested a yearly gudget, excluding capital improve
me.nts of about $300 a year for each reservation resident.
Hinckley said the Department was created in response to a growing mutual
concern among Indians and non-Indians aliKe.
The State possesses two major tribes, the Passamaquoddy and Penobscot.
Hincley said he came to Maine "to take charge of the mandate from the 102nd
legislature and implement a creative approach to the problem. '
He said the department obtained emergency supplemental appropriations from
the special session of the 102nd legislature which "literally Kept it (the de
partment) from dying four months after it was born."
"Right now this supplement is enabling the department to continue only the
former level and type of services to Indians with practically no change or inno
vations and certainly no expansion. "
"It was supposed to be a time for change," he said' adding, "the governor
was supposed to have an action plan."
According to the Commissioner, about $70,000 in state funds was spent over
the past 10 years for construction programs with no federal cost-sharing involved.
"In considerable contrast, we are asl{ing the legislature for some $500,000
for the next two years which we expect to be able to match with an equivalent a
mount of federal funds," he said.
Hinckley said the "major problems facing Indians in the state are the results
of a series of unfulfilled commitments from the past. "
"Maine has never fulfilled its cotIUnitment to its Indians," he said.
Some 2,000 Indians live in Maine, 1,200 on three reservations, and about 800
off the reservations.
The commissioner said without constructive and cooperative worK to solve the
problems of the first Americans, "what chance do we have to satisfy the needs of
any of our citizens?"
"The presence of these tribal tnembers·within the state should be a source of
pride and honor to all ci.tizens. of Maine, instead of a source of confusion, em
barrassment, shame and constant hostility," he said.
When informed of Hincldey' s displeasure, Curtis said, "I felt that I could
not endorse his request by 100 per cent. "
"My budget does call for improvements for Indians living in Maine in addi
tion to programs suggested by the Commissioner," he said.
"Among those I recommended for Indians were improved educational programs for
Indian children)" Curtis said.
"We cannot go beyond our fiscal limits," the governor said.
(From the Portland Pre!Ss Herald, 1/14/6�()
�(11)
E LEC T TRIBAL
PENOBSCOTS
OLD T O�N -
inaugurat e d
J o h n �ur ray Mi t che l l
t r ibal gove rno r
of
the
of
GOVERI"OR
Oak Rill Str e e t,
P e n obsco t
tribe
c onduc t e d by T he R e v e r e nd R e al Nad e au of Saint
was h e ld
t r ibal
in t h e T r ibal Hall.
M i t c h e l l was e l e ct e d
gove r n o r i t w il l be
c ommi t t e e s ,
and
A ls o
J ohn S.
to
his
the
off ice
du t y
t o -l e ad h i s pe o ple
acc o r dance
s t at e
with
Wit h
the
b y p opul a r vo t e
in a l l affairs .
r e p r e se nt a t iv e .
e xce p t i on
of nine
He
y e ars spe n t
o n I n d i an Island .
fe e ls t ha t
on
Indian
h is pe ople
his
He
in t he
t rave l s w h il e
t o i mp r ove
s i d e rat i on .
6d
He
calle d f i r s t
r ive r wat e rs ar e
t h e wint e r,
the
of
'{1-;i t ch e ll
t he t r ib e .
e nab le
out li.·e d several
a ska t ing r ink c ould be
is no p lace
a cent e r
Mi t ch e ll a l s o p r o p ose d se t t ing up
in
Mit che l l
10,
h im t o
and i s
vie w c o n
, r or;-ra ..
1s for c o n
fo r
Re
sugg e �t -
in t he
t h e m t o sw im .
of ac t iv i t y .
t ribal
a
and
y e ars
i s anx i o us t o u o r k w i t h
y oungst e r s e n t e r t ainlile n t
there
two
and
16
all f o r a b e t t e r y o u t h pr ograM.
p o i lu t e d,
As
var ious
go v e rn o r,
eve ry
ages
se rvice
ceremony,
c l e rks,
Arwe d F o r c e s,
i n a new pe r spe ct i v e a n d he
t h e i r si t ua t i on .
tha t a swiraming p o o l w o u l d pr ov i d e
As t h e
held
has t w o sons,
in
JRlRnd was
T he
succe e ds Fran c is -Ranco.
He
Island
In h is inaugL>.ral a d d r e ss,
of
li e u t e nant
Ele c t i o ns a r e
e mpl o y e d a t Tuck e r's Sh o e Cowpany a t B r e w e r .
d i t i ons
1.
t o ap · o i n t a c o ns t a b l e ,
t r ibal law .
has always live d
In�ian
o"-.an C a t h olic C hurr.h
J o seph 1 s
e le ct e d as l e a d e rs we r e F r e d N i colar,
Ne ls on,
on J an .
o ffice
whe r e
suwu1e r .
In
r e c o r d s and
s t a t i s t ics c o u l d b e k e p t in o r d e r, and f r e e f o r i nsfe ct i on.
He s t at e d h is
int e n t i on of car r ying _on t h e - re j e c t of bringing wat e r and s e wac,e d i sposal t o
h o .e s wh ich d o n o t have t h e m .
In conclusi on, h e calLe d upon h is le ople t o w o rk t oge t h e r wi t h t h e
ne wly cr e at e d Ind ian Affa i r s D e par t Lle n t .
Mi t ch e ll r e �inde d th e cl tha t t h e y
had w o rk e d f o r a l o ng t irue
.t he m t o c o op e r a t e
P e nobsc o t T r i b e .
t o have
thei r
t hei r
in i n i t i a t i n g n e w p r o grams
C LOSING OF THE
own d e pa r t ment .
t h a t w ould b e ne f i t
·
He
urge d
t h e . whole
I�D IAN SC H OOLS
by Kat h e r i ne h . E . Fr e d r icks
T h e S t a t e Boar d o f E duca t i on rue e t i11 g on Jamary 1 6 t h , was inf or _;_ed b y
C ommiss i oner �il l i am T . L o gan Jr., " of a comfilunica t i on rece ive d b y nim _
August 30, 19�6 f r ou1 D avi d S . S e e l e y, Assis t an t C omw.issi one r , Equal O_: o r t un
i t i e s P r o gra�,
Maine
be
as n e a r
ruore
with
t h?- t
Since
the
t hr e e sch ools
t h e chi l d r e n b e
t e r ;:a as r· ossi b l e .
t J1e Sis t er s
t han one
the
s t a t ing t h a t
c l o s e d and
hundr e d
ye
of Me rcy have
r s,
Mr .
b e en
to
the
to
learn
it
if
1Ji s e
it
T h e B oa r d me e t i n g was n o t c l ose d
qu i e t
the
i nf o rmal mee t in g .. e l d
t-..1. l k b e t w e e n Mr .
g o vern ors,
many m e mb e rs
19>b-67
tb
to
Logan and
of
and
t he
t be T r ib e s,
(C ontinued
with
the
up
t �e
no t
rims a t t e n d e d by
a.fu l l comp l i1ue n t
12)
confer�nce
its
G ov e r n o r s o f
wa"'
of t h e
a f e w i nt e re st e d pe rsons,
on page
�
o n t �e Re s e r va t i ons .
pr e ss p i c�e d
but
or
sch o ols f o r
hold
on Thursday afte r n o on
t he niocese ,
re pre�e n t a t ive f r o � G ove rnor Curtis,
and one Re p r e se n t a t i ve .
..ie
s h o o l year
·ro u ld c o n t inue
Ind ians and r e tain t h e Sist e rs
Af t e r r e ce iving his answe r Mr . Logan w ould t h e n m e e t
the R e se r va t i ons a n d e xplai n t h e Was�ing t o n o r d e r .
T .. 1e r e f o r e ,
I n d i�n Res e r va t ions irr
tbe
t e .:tch e rs at
Logan d e e �e d
Maine Ro�an C a t h olic d i oceBe
o t h e r obl i ga t i ons
on t h e
r e assi�n e d f o r
st o�y .
j us t
the
a
I n d i an
Cl e rBy,
a
one S e nato r,
�( 12 )
Conti nued from page 1 1 )
C LOS I .t . G OF T
I IfD " hi\J
-3 C H O C LS b y
Katherine } 1 . E ..., reJ.r icks
.
Mr . Lognn read and explained the ruling fro1u Se.� ley , s 2 •/ illG 1;.e had
repl ied on S epteu!ber 7 , 196 6 , but had received no furtl er comruunication fro�
Washington .
Ho·.�ever , at u. meeting of th e C 0111r1iss ioner s froil1 all states,
held last fall in New Orle ans, he had asked Mr. Seeley to send a represent
ative from his depc rtill e nt to Naine to vi s it the Indinn schools nnd becocle
familiar w ith all pha ses of their oper�tion, but to no �vail.
In fact,
Seeley, in his A u gu s t letter, had c lr e ady stated th�t h is st�ff wRs too b u s y
to cowe to kaine.
The Baine diocese gave � b s o l ute ass u runce of coatinuing tLeir 0 0 li gation
to th e I n d i an s , and t h en the meeting really o · ened up. i · r s . Catherine c � rs
well, Re... resen tative froul Fortland, said she ; c.;.d , 1 e;.:tr c1 of the iueeting i ·urely
b y c h n n ce and criticised l'ir . Log.:.1.11 for his failure to notify botJ) houses of
t h 0 Nn s h i n g t on · r u l i n g and th e weeting
.
Mr. Logan, .!hile repeatedly syrnpi.1 thizing •ii th th e I ndi .::. ns, rei ter....ted
th2t he held o u t no ho�e the ruling might be set aside .
Neither d i d M � .
h i nckley, Indian Commi �sioner .
S evero.l enlightening thi n gs came out at th is 11e -·ting.
Fil'st :
David
S eeley ' 1:;; letter had inaccuracies .
" On l y Indic-i.n ch ildr en w·v ho live
To ti t :
on the Rese rvations 2.tte11 d these schools. 1 1
(At Plo .:i.sant l'oi it 20 per cent
of the 84 _pupils are non - Indian .
The other t·-vo sc hools have d. fal.:1ller per
cen ta ee of wh ite children but nevertheless are not segregated . )
' ' The children who attend the Indian s c h o o l s receive an education w h ich
is inferior . 1 1
( Th is i s not true .
\·1 a.s tran sferred
. i ;en Indian . &in<:�ation
froi.i H ealth and vVelfare to E d u c a ti on , the schools were s up D l i e d I i t h exactly
the same t e x t b o oks used in all D Ublic schoo l s in the st · te . 11 J followed the
sa�e curriculum . And all t e a c h e r s there � are�certi r ied )
"There h as b e e n ap;'arently lit tle or no exercise of t{Je f r e e choice
available in grade of L ered b y the Reservation schools . ' '
( A g�i n th i3 i s un
true.
lv b i te children are pre s e n t l f at t e11 din g tl ese s c h o o l s and many Indian
ch ildre n go to off-Reservation schools .
Much testifilony 11as �iven that full
freedom of choice h a d b e n in rract i a e for wany years . )
S ince last A u g ust 30th, t h e r e has b e e n no official correction to theee
e rr on e o u s s t a l, e i 11e n t s .
Mr . Logan gave as an e. cuse that t h e r e w e r e several
...:
1 1 1' ' .t· e e d ow
of C h o i c e " c a s e s p e n d i n g in courts und he ho} ed the decisions would
be favorable. They were not .
Another im1)ortant :i? O int lies in the fact that for a . :· e riod of four ci.nd
a half mon t lls, Hr .
Logan failed to u- i n g tJi is ruling to tl e at teution of other
authoriti es, to th e I udi cns theLlselves, or to the Maine citizens.
It was
.Mr. John Nelson, not Mr. Lo gan , who got in touch 1 J ith S enators S ith and
Muskie after the ne ws1 apers carri ed the stor y .
Th e Indi !ns b ad to learn
about t he ruling from th e saL1e source as llr . Nelson, even thou. �h they vrnuld
b e t h e ones hurt by it.
Th e State of Maine has a sound fi ghtin g �oi nt in th is for t h � re &re
s e v e r a l Reservation · s c h o o l s in tl1e W e s t wl1i c lJ are coiJ�Jlet �ly s e reg ... ted by
the sanction of the FederRl Gov ern1.1ent . A s S enator Norris stated, "This �s
a p r o b l em for everyone in th e state and certa i n l y for t h e L e �i s l& t ur e .
It is
not a i)roblei;1 to b e con f in ed to one departLtent . "
In rep ly to several exai11ples of v\Ta s h i n gton r u l i u gs in the So uthern
states, on wh ich hr . Logan based his lack of hope ? � r d . C a r s well in s i s t e d
t ha t fii a ine shou ld work for the gr e a t e s t good o f a l l � J i t hin her
bo.rders, no
matter what happened in ot her a r eas
( Continued on page 1 9 )
..
.
...
�( 13 )
( Indian S c h o ols , C o n t ' d f r om Pa ge 2 )
t r at iv e D i s t r i c t i n t he a r e a b y E a s tport and s ome t owns .
1 1 •r t P- Y a r. J <=> ;:'I s t
had a chan c e t o v o t e
We w e r e n e t s o p r iv il e g e d t he n and s b_ J J_ have n o
s a y in t he mat t e r o f w h a t w e a r e t o b e t aught , w h o b y , h ow , o r wh e r e , "
he de c lare d .
H e said h e a l s o i n t e r pr e t e d t h e S t a t e B o ard o f Ed u c a t i o n t o mean t ha t
t h e nuns w e r e n o t d o ing t h e j ob c o rre c t ly - 1 1 s o le t t h e s t a t e d o i t . "
N i c h o las s a i d ' ' t h i s w e d o n o t like or a c c e p t .
The s i s t e r s hav e b e e n
h e r e s in c e 1830 and at t h at t ime t he Ind ian c ou l d n o t s p e ak En g J i s h .
Now
w e are ab l e t o . "
T h e l e ade r a l s o t o ok i s s ue t hat t h e r e s e rv a t i on s c h oo ls we r e d i s
c r i minat o r y .
·o d e h a v e h a d o t h e r t han
" Ours is a pub l i c s c h o o l , w i d e ope n .
Indians make app l i c a t i on and at t e n d the s c h o o l h e r e .
No appl i c a t i o n has
b e e n turne d d own . "
Jos e ph Mit c h e l l , t r i b a l gove rnor at Ple&sant F o i n t , f e l t t he I nd ian
was b e ing d i s c r imina t e d agains t by f o r c ing t h e c hi ldren o f f t �1 e r e s e rv a t i on
and he a d d e d t h a t t he mov e , i f c arr i e d t hr ough b y t h e s ta t e , w ou l d c aus e
c ons ide rab l e h�r d s h i p t o t h e f am i l i e s b e c au s e o f t h e � o s s i b l e f e e l i n g o f
" n o t b e ing w ant e d " i n t he white s c h o o l s ys t e m
" t he p e o p l e f e e l t h e y are
b e ing pus he d into another s o c i e t y and the y d o n ' t c are to i n t e gr Q t e , " he s ai d .
John S t e v e n s , t r ib a l gov e rn o r at Pe t e r Dana Point , Pr i n c e t o n , s a i d
"we are r e ad y t o f i gh t .
I f t h e nuns are f orc e d t o le .s:. v e , I wouldn ' t wan t
t o live here
T h e r e are g o o d pe ople h e r e t h a t are h o l d i n g on b e c ause
o f t h e ir exaL1p le . "
As a prac t i c a l mat t e r , t h e Ind ians are c aught in a s i t ua t i on whi c h
was none o f t he ir d o i ng .
I t s t e ms f rom s c ho o l i n t e grat i on _;_: r o b lems in t h e
S ou t h .
Pr e v i o us ly , Maine Indian c h i ld r e n hav e h a d l i f r e e d om o f c h oi c e " ,
me aining t h e y c o uld a t t e n d r e s e rv a t ion s c h o ols o r pub l i c s c h o o ls .
Nq w ,
t he U . S . O f f i c e o f E d uc a t i on says t � is is n o t a c c � p t ab l� .
Maine E du c at i on C or.miis s i one r liJi l l iam T . Lo gan , Jr . has f o und hims e l f
i n a b ind o v e r t h e ma t t e r b e cause the f e d e ra l gove rn�e n t c o uld wi th h o l d
f u n d s unt i l t h e s t a t e c ompli e s w i t h t h e la w .
One p o s s ib l e s o lut i o n might be making t h e s c h o o ls o v e r in t o pri v a t e
par o c h i� l ins t i t u t i ons . A l t h o ugh the y are run b y t h e S i s t e r s o f Ne r c y , th e y
are n o t P. r o� h i_a J s � h o o ls a t pre s e n t .
•
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GOV .
C URT IS PLED G BS S U P _ ORT FOR nrn r11.11s
In the I na u gural A d d r e s s o f Mai ne Gove r n o r , Ke n n e t h i· i . C u r t i s t o
t h e 103rd Le g i s l a t ure o n January 5 , 1967 ,
G o v . C ur t i s gav e h i s s up p o r t t o
th e Maine I n d ic n s .
He s t at e d , " We m u s t a l s o pr o v i d e f or e xpan d e d i:) r o f e ss
i onal s e r1 r± c e s and s up ·._ .o r t f o r s e l f -0·ove rnrne n t f or I n d ians on r e 9 e 1· va t i ons .
I f ur t h e r r e c omm e nd tha� Indian r e pr e s e n t ::i. t i v e s t o t he Le t' i s l a t ur e b e gr an t
e d f u l l pr iv i l e g e s to spe ak on all l e gi s la t i on on the f l n r o f t h e H o us e ,
and t h a.t t h e y b e gra n t: e <l Ra l a r y a n d P xpe n .c:i e ci 1 I "w.":l l l c e s e qual t o t h a t o f
o t h e r repre s e n t ,,. t iv e s . "
IND IAN IS LAI·iD S vJ I1·i. n�-G POOL
I
A r e pr e s e n t a t iv e · o f t he Pe n o b s c o t Ind i an T r i b e w i l l b e name d t o a
c om m i t t e e t o ad m i n i s t e r a p r o po s e d in- d o or , out - d o or s w j rnm i n g p o o l t o b e
b u i J. t i n Oln i'cnvn , t h P. BE ng_c_>_r _ D.a iJ v News
A n n o n n c e d o n D e c e illb e r 30 t h .
...
�( 14 )
T he Or i ginal Arae r i c ans
CJ.iITROKKB.S FROVE H : D IANS C lui ShED , J 1 . I'r E
, d:
11HA CIS11
( Las t o f t h re e ar t i c le s )
By JAC1( V . FOX
Uni t e d Pre s d I n t e r na t i o n s l
T u cke d awRy in t h e Appa la c h ian Moun t ains o f No r t 1 C & ro L ina n e a r t h e
T e nn e s s e e l ine l i e s a C he r oke e r e s e r v a t i on w h i c h a s t h e d i s t inc t i on o f b e
i n g one o f t h e rare example s of t h e A �e r i c nn In diun t hr owing o f f t h e w h i t e
man ' s pa t � r na l i s m .
Among t h e 1 0 r e t han 600 , 000 Ind ian s s c a t t e r e d . -.. c r o s s t he Un i t e d S t a t e s
t h e C h e r oke e s n e a r S moky I· oun ta.in Na t i onal Park hav e e r t e d t h e u1o s t s e lf
s u f f i c i e n t I n dian. � 01UL1un i t y in t h e na t i on by c a s h ing i n on t he c ur i o s i t y
a b ou t t h e r e d man .
E a c h su1nme r s i n c e 1 9 50 t h e y have e nac t e d an out d o or y>age c. n t , 1 1 Un t o
T h e s e R i l l s , ' ' w h i c h t e ll s t h e h i s t o ry o f t h e C h e r oke e .
T 1 ose livin� the� e
s t i l l are d e s c e n d an t s o f r e ne ga d e s who h id f r om f e d e ral t r o ops when t h e
Uni t e d S t a t e s f c r e e d t h e C h e r oke e t r i b e in 1 0 3 8 'on a L.!e. r c h a l l t he w a y t o
Ok lah oma .
Ha l f o f t hem d ie d .
The dra1ila b r o ught t o ur i s t s in e v e r 0r o .vin g n umb e r s and t o day t h e r e
are 3 5 mo t e ls o n t he r e s e rv a t i on , t hr e e quar t e r s o f t h e m own e d b y t he
C h e r oke e pe ople ·.and 7 5 p e r c e n t o f t h e e mp l oye e s Ch1e r oke e� .
T h e Indians ab out 10 ye ars a go a l s o s t ar t e d a f c t o ry :1! • i c h ake s
t om- t oms , he ad d r e s s e s , b as re t s a n d o t h e r Indian re ga l i a .
T h e i r ur oduc t s
a r e n ow marke t e d n a t i o nwide a n d s e v � ra l o t h e r f a c t ori e s have b e e n s tart e d
b y t he t r ib al c o un c i l .
The N o r t h C a r o lina C h e r oke e s u c c e s s is n o t �b l a b e c au s e it is v i r
t ua l l y t h e on l y s u c h e xample o f a t r i b e r i s in g f r ofil t h e poli c y of f e de r a l
pa t e rn a lism whi c h in t h e ma in h a s l e f t the In dian a h e lple s s a n d n e ar
h ope le s s d r � g o f s o c ie t y .
T h e r e are s i gns t h e gov e rnrJe n t iJe.. y b e t ci{ing a n e w c our se .
R ob e r t L . B e nn e t t , a 5 4 - y e ar - o ld On e ida Indicm f r ow �/ i s c ons in , r e
c e n t ly w a s name d . t o h e &d t he B ur e a u o f Indi�n A f fair b , �£ 1 i c h i s t h e main
f e d e ra l a�· e n c y d e a l i n g wi th In dian r o b � lms .
B e n n e t t i s t h e f i r s t I n d ian
to hold the p o s t i n 95 ye ar s .
�h i t e men h · ve b e e n in cha r ge s i n c e 1871
�.r h e n F' .i i F . Parke r , an ap r o in t e e o f pr e s i d e n t Ulys s e s s S . Gre.n t , re t i re d .
T h e B I A finan c e s and s t a f f s 260 s c h oo l s f or s ome 58 , 000 Indian c h i l d
r e n o n t h e r e s e r va t i ons , t h e gre a t fila j or i t y o f t h e m e lemen t a r y s c ho o ls .
It has b e e n o n e o f t h e f e w s o lid ac c ompl i s hme n t s of f e d e r a l � o l i c y
b u t e v e n i t h a s h a d t he t ragi c e f fe c t o f b r eaking u p I n dian fawi l i e s and
c r e a t in g in the young pe ople a s e n s e of s hame ab out t h e ir par e n t s a nd t h�
way t he y l i v e .
B e nne t t s p e aks w i t h e n t h� s i asm o f t he e f f o r t s v a r i o u s t r ib e s ar e
now making wi t h t h e h e lp o f B IA and t h e O f fi c e o f E c on omic Oppo r t un i t y t o
The y a r e p i t i fu lly f e w , b ut t h e y
a t t ra c t i n d us t ry t o re s e rv a t i ons a r e as .
are a s ta r t .
N e x t t o emp l o yme n t, h ou s i n g i s t he brea t e s t I n d i an prob lem an d on
R e s e r va t i on I n dians own t he i r land and
mos t r e s e rv a t i on s it i s wre t c h e d .
t h e y pay no t ax e s b u t t h e r e is a l s o t he fa c t the y c ann o t s e ll t he land .
F o r t ha t r e a s on t h e y cann o t ge t mor t 2ag e s or loans f o r impr o ve file nt b e c au s e
t h e l aw pre v e n t s b a n ks and o t h e r l e n d i n g age n c i e s f r om f or e c l o s in g .
( C on t i nu e d on Pa ge 15 )
=
�( 15 )
( T h e Or i ginal Ame r i c an s c o n t in u e d f r om Page 14 )
.
I n Oklahoma , a s t at e wi t h one o f t he lar ge s t I n d i an � o � u lat i ons numb e r
i n g we ll o f 60 , 00 0 , t he re s e r va t i on c on c e }t was lar ge ly d i s c arde d ye ars a go .
Ab o u t 90 pe r c e n t o f the Ind ian c hi ld r e n go t o pub l i c s c h o o ls b u t t h e d r op
o u t rate in high s c h o ol i s t hr e e to f ou r t ime s h i gh e r than that o f the non
Ind ian .
r r An
S ays C har l e s P o e h lman , d ire c t o r o f Indian e du c at i on in Ne vada :
Ind ian c hi ld h o lds b ack in c la s s r o om d i s c u s s i o n d i s c us s i on b e c au s e he w o u l d
n e v e r answ e r a q ue s t i on unl� s s h e �n e � h� �as : �i �h € . � On . t h e o t h e r hand , h e
w o u ld n e v e r answe r a que s t ion t ha t o n e o f h i s f r f ends h a d mi s s e d . 1 1
Nor t h and S o u t h D ak o t a and Ne b raska have an In dian Dopu l a t i on o f ab o u t
65 , QOO , mo s t ly S i oux . O f t he 4 5 milli on s c o r e s o f range land on t h e r e s e r
v a t i o n s , m o r e t han one third i s b e i ng w o rke d b y uh i t e r an c h e r s w h o l e a s e i t
t hr o u gh t h e B IA w i th t he i n c ome going t o t h e t r i b a l c o un c i l s .
V e rnon Ashle y , a f u l l - b l o o d S i o ux who gr e w up on t h e C r ow C r e e k R e s e r
vat i on , � is b i t t e r ly c r i t i c a l o f t h e B IA and i t s f a i lure t o t rain I n d i ans in
d oi n g t h e i r own farming and ra n c h in g .
In t he s t a t e o f Was h in gt on , s a l e s o f timb e r , min i n g c laims and farm
land hav e mad e s ome I ndian s r i c h .
The 5 , 000 Yakimas are s t i l l gr e a t I ndi an s .
T h e y run c a t t l e , s h e e p
and h o r s e s , hav e i r r i ga t i on f o r t h e i r farms a n d ap!lle o r c hards , h u n t and
f i s h f or t h e ir ne e ds year round in t h e area of M o un t Adams .
The N u c ke ls h o o t s , on t he o t h e r ha nd , live a f e w m i l e s s o u t h o f S e a t t �e
on land s o p o o r t he y have a hard t i we growing p o t a t o e s .
T h e y f i s h f or a
l iv in g b u t s i n c e t he s ta t e g o t an in j un c t i on a year ago aga i n s t ne t t in g
s t r e ams o u t o f s e a s on , e v e n t h i� s our c e o f inc ome has b e en c l o s e d .
Los Ange l e s i s an o t h e r o f t h e b i g c i t i e s t o whi c h Ind ians have b e e n
r e lo c a t e d o r a t t ra c t e d o n t h e i r own .
I t has m o r e t h an 2 5 , 000 Ind ians i n
t h e me t r op o l i t an 2.re a .
The S t a t e Adv i s ory C om. Li s s i on o n Indian A f fa i r s i n
a r e p or t t h i s year c on c lud e d :
"The s o c ia l c.nd e c on omi c c on d i t i on o f t h e
Ind ian ar e t he lowe s t o f a n y min o r i t y i n t h e s t a t e . "
. And the r e p o r t was i s s u e d a f t e r t he· N e gr o r i o t i n Wa t t s .
Wall S t r e e t.
.To1 u-1 1 ::1 1 -
Oc t h e r
7 , 196p
H ow You May O b tain C op i e s O f
GLUS KAP THE L I AR
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this pipe are d e eme d t o b e i n j uri o us
t o h e al t h i f inhale d ! "
T h e Maine Indian N e ws l e t t e r
w i l l r e c e ive o r d e r s f o r Gl usl ap
the Liar & Qther I n d ian T a l e s
S end
wr i t t e n b y H or a c e P . B e ck .
your n ame - and addr e s s a n d t h e
numb e r o f c o1 i e s you w o u ld l ike
t o t h e E d i t or .
S e e page 16 und e r B o ok
Rev i e w for a d e s c r ip t i on of t he
new b o ok tha t us e s the Maine ·
Pe n ob s c o t In d i an s as a c e n t r a l
gro np .
t U lilety S e H d a · e h e ck:.:o.f.:
.i c n e y or d e r---· f d r i5 ;· 9).. ' € e . t i1e . ::·
l• .a i ne I n d ian-- N e '.Y s l w t t e r , Pine
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t r an s f o r�e d c r e a t ur e s - - s u c l
and
b e c om e
v o lur;1e .
an
I n d i a n ma i d e n ' s
P.
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v a111 1.: ir e s , w i t c h e s
as t he s n ake t h � t
love r - - are
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A c h ar a c t e r wh o d om i na t e s many o f t � e s e t a l e s is G lu s.��p , t h e f r i e
1 dly
w i t h s t on e e ye b r ows , wh o s e ews t o hav e b e e n a re l a t i o n o f t h e g r e a t
g i a n t Ka t ah d i n , a n d w h o i s a s s i s t e d b y t h e d w c.:. r f M ikue1w e s u , s o h e a v y he
s ank
kne e - d e e p in t o gr an i t e w h e n he w a lke d .
giRnt
On e
storie � ,
ques ,
gr o u p
of
tales ,
whose
amo r a l
b e hav i o r
t o Mr . B e c k , N ' J a c q u e s
t h an G lu 'S kap .
a
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c o n s i d e rab l e
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in t o
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pe r haps m o r e
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t i me .
" s haggy d o g "
s c r ap e s .
I n d i an s ,
a s a c e n t r a l gr o up ,
our
T h e y c on c e rn N ' Ja �
o f t h i � b o ok t o a n a r c h ae o l o g i c a l ,
of
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v e r y p o pu lar a m o n g t h e
Penob s c ot
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le ads
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I nd i an b a c kgr o u nd .
the
lives
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T h e r e e r e L 1 y t h o l o gi c a l
t a l e s t h .. . t s e e m t o . v e r i f y t h e ar c h ae o l o gy , h i s t o r i c a l t a l e s t h c.t h a v e t h e i r
r o o t s in h i s t o r i c a l f a c t , m o r a i t a l e s t ha t s u � e s t c e r t a i n c h a rac t e r i s t i c s
o f t h e P e n ob s c o t c u l t u r e , and E u � o p e an t a l e s t h 2 t t h e I n d iL ns p i c ke d u p f r o m
s e t t le r s
and m i s s i o n a r i e s
Many o f
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re c o gn i zab le
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among t h o s e c o l le c t e d b y t h e b r o t h e r s G r i..rru:1 , w h o s e f a. i ryt a l e s have n o ur i s h e d
s o man y ge n e r a t i o n s o f Ame r i c a n a n d E ur op e an c h i l d r e n .
T o s h ow h ow r e pr e s e n t
a t i v e a l l t he t a l e s a r e o f t h e e n t i r e New E n gla n d r e gi o n , M r . B e c k has a l s o
i n c lu d e d s oill e wa t e r i a l f o rm t r i b e s
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t ha t wa i n t ains
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As i d e f r om t h e p l e a s ur e t h e t e x t w i l l g i v e t h e l a yman r e a d e r , a c on c i s e
app e n d i x , v a l u ab � t o t he s e r i o u s s t u d e n t o f f o lk l o r e , p r ov i d e s a d i s c us s i on o f
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Indian
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us e d
I n d i an s
Jau1e s Pays o n
by
H a t h awa y .
Wa s h i nc;t o n C o un t y Re g i onal A c t i o n A � � e n c y i n Ma c h i a s and
istered
to
i n v o lv e d
in a n
e ffor t
the
to
alleviate
pr o j e c t ,
p ov e r t y
ac c o r d i n g
�(17 )
FA CT SHEET FOR LEGISLATORS
The w�te r ial on th is pa ge , and on Page
a fact s he e t f or ITE mbers o f 1 a ine '
Following a
re que s t
s 103rd
18 ,
wa s pre par e d or i g inally a s
Le gislature .
f r o m Re pre se nta t ive
Glenn Starbird
Editor a s se mble d th is ba s i c inf o rmat i o n on Mdne
e a stern tr ib e s
Rep .
in general and mime o graphe d it on the
Starb ir d plans to di s tribute the s e sh eets
tor s .
1 , 2 00 Ind i an s l iv ing on
t h e r e a r e an e s t ima t e d
-
th e Penob s c o t Re s erv a t i on i n c l ud e s a l l
all
( n e ar Pr inc e t on ,
t ha t a c on s i d erab l e numb er
Uni t e d S t a te s ,
t he
whi l e
MAINE .
in exchange f or
-
thr e e Re s erva t i on s
the Penob s c o t R iver
t h e Pa s s amaquoddy R e s e rv a t i on s ar e P l e a s an t Po i n t
- an e s t ima t ed 8 0 0 MAINE IND IANS
-
reade rs .
i s l and s
in MAINE ?
f r om
to Ma t t awamkeag ?
of Ind i an Town s h i p
and
gree n News l e t te r ma s the a d .
the bene f it of the le gis la
It i s included here f o r the be ne f it o f Newsle tter
-
O l d Town
f or
(D-K ing�an ) the
in part icular and
Indians
l ive
( n e ar Perry ,
Ma ine )
l ive o f f -Re s erva. t i on-- t- hr oughou t
t hr oughou t New Eng l and and
s t i l l ma i n t a in ing
and
Ma ine ) ?
the ir
t ie s
t o t he ir
the
the r e s t
s ta t e ,
of
the
Tr ib e s ?
R E SERVATIONS were g iven the Penob s c o t and Pa s s ama quoddy Tr i b e s
all
t h e r e a r e more
of wha t
i s n ow t h e S t a t e o f Ma ine ?
than 500 , 000 Ind i a n s
hund r ed s o f d i f f er en t
Tr ib e s ,
t ime s a s g r e a t a s among
in
t he Un i t ed
States ,
and t h a t b ir t hr a t e among Ind i a n s
b e l ong ing t o
i s abou t 2 �
the c oun try ' s popu l a t ion a s a who l e ?
- Ma s s a chu s e t t s h a s an Ind i an popu l a t i on o f ov er
2 , 0 00 Ma s hpe e s , Wamp anoag s ,
and N i pmu c s ;
Connec t i cu t ha s a n Ind i an popu l a t i o n o f a lmo s t
and Paugu s e t t s ;
1 , 00 0 P e quo t s ,
Mohegan s ,
S c h agh t i c oke s ,
Rhod e
I s l and has an Ind i an popu l a t i on of a lmo s t
New Hamp s h i r e h a s an Ind i an popu l a t i on of
Vermo n t h a s an Ind i an popu l a t i on o f ov er
- i n add i t i on t o t h e New Eng l and · s t a t e s ,
l iving in nor t he a s t ern ,
of
east
c en tr a l ,
over
50 ,
1 , 00 0 Nar r a g an s e t t s ;
1 0 0 Pennacook s ;
b e l ong ing
there are
1 1 5 , 000 Ind i a n s
s ome
a n d s ou t hern s t a t e s
and
t o var i ou s Tr ib e s ?
-
t h e gr e a t ma j o r i ty
t h e s e h av ing no F ed er a l admin i s t r a t iv e c onne c t i o n ?
- MA INE I ND IAN S have n ever h ad a n y admin i s tr a t ive
g overnmen t ,
- MAINE
c onne c t i on wi th the F ed er a l
and d o no t �?
is
t h e ONLY S TATE in
the c ou n t r y
t o have
a S t a t e D e par tmen t o f
Ind i an A f f a i r s ?
- Congr e s s i o n a l d e l e ga t e s and Ind i an Tr ib e s f r om o t her
expr e s s ed an in t er e s t
in
t he f ed er a l Bur e au o f Ind i an A f f a ir s a n d t he U . S .
of
Ind i an Hea l t h )
s t a t e s have a l r e ady
t h i s. n ew a p p r o a c h to MAINE INDIAN AFFAIRS ,
ar e a l s o very in t e r e s t ed
( OVER )
and t h a t
Pub l i c Hea l th S erv i c e
in d eve l opmen t s
in MAINE ?
( D i v i s i on
�The Admi n i s t r a t ion of
(From " RE POR T TO THE 1 0 2ND LEG I S LA TURE :
b y the
ture ,
I n t e r im J o i n t Commi t t ee on I n d i an Af f a i r s o f
January ,
1965 )
"F or a t ime
fo l l ow i n g the e s t ab l i shmen t of
Maine a s a s e p ar a t e p o l i t i c a l en t i ty ,
left
to
t h em s e lv e s .
As
t he S ta t e o f
n ego t i a t i on s w i th t h e
Tr i b e s w a s e n t i r e l y l e g i s l a t ive a n d for
wer e
Ind i an A f f a ir s "
t h e l O l s t Legi s l a
the momen t
t h e year s pr o gr e s s e d ,
o f t h e I n d i a n s b e c ame more a p p are n t .
the
Ind i an s
the p l i gh t
Leg i s l a t ive ma t t e r s
also
were b e coming d e e p and comp l i c a t e d and t h e n e e d s and wan t s o f
a
The pr o b l ems of
growing wh i t e popu l a t ion came f ir s t .
Ind i a n s were
shun t e d ab o u t by a s u c c e s s i on o f
the
l e g i s l a t ur e s ,
f in a l ly end i n g up w i th the De par tme n t o f He a l t h and W e l f a r e . "
" I n b o t h t h e l O O t h and l O l s t Le g i s l a tu r e s b i l l s w e r e in t r o
du c e d wh i c h wou l d h ave t r an s f e r r e d t he
superv i o ion a n d adm i n
i s t r a t i o n o f In d i an A f f a i r s f r om t h e De par tme n t o f He a l t h and
We l fare
•
•
•
I n the
l O O t h the b i l l f a i l e d of p a s s age and in t h e
lO l s t
i t w a s r e f er r e d t o t h e s tudy w h i c h i s
r e p or t
•
•
•
"It is
t h e o p i n i o n of
t he Ind i an
manner
We
tr ib e s w i t h i n
t h a t i s conclu s ive
fe e l
the b a s i s of
this
"
t h i s Comm i t te e
that
t h e a f fa ir s o f
t h i s S t a t e ar e n o t b e i n g hand l ed in a
to
the b e s t i n t er e s t s of
t h a t any onu s o f b l ame f a l l s r i gh t ly upon
l e g i s l a tur e s
t h a t f a i l e d t o d o any th i n g o t her
t he Ind i a n
.
.
•
.
the many
than t o
see
t ha t
the
I n d i a n h ad s he l t e r , w a s c l o t hed and f e d and tha t h e ke p t
The S t a t e of Ma ine ,
h i s d i s t an c e fr om t h e l e g i s l a t u r e i t s e l f .
f or a l l pur p o s e s ,
i s de a l ing w i t h
the Ind ian
today in
the same
mann e r in wh i c h he d e a l t w i th him one hundred and for t y - f ive
year s ago
•
•
•
"
" In c o n c l u s i on ,
of
t h e Commi t t e e f ind s t h a t i t i s
t h e Ma ine Ind i an
b e g iven
to impr ove h i s
lot .
He f e e l s
t h e de s i r e
tha t h e mu s t
t h e o p p o r tun i ty t o have a v o i c e in g ove r n i ng hims e l f
an d h i s a f f a ir s .
H e i s c o g n i zan t o f
the f a c t t h a t
thi s can n o t
come abou t overn i g h t bu t by n e c e s s i ty mu s t be a l ong r ange a f f a ir .
He doe s no t w i s h t o l o s e h i s i d en t i ty a s an Ind ian b u t b e l ieve s
w i th some a s s i s t a n c e b o th he
(From
and h i s
tribe
t he RF. PUB L I CAN PLATFORM FOR 1 9 6 7 - 6 9 , Mar ch ,
"We r e c ogn i z e
s ove r e ign n a t i o n s
hund r e d y e ar s ;
can
s h ow pr ogr e s s . "
1966)
tha t t h e Ind i a n s o f our S t a t e have gone
from
to d e p e nd e n t commun i t i e s in a s pan o f two
t h a t un t i l r e c en t ly a l l
t h e I nd i a n i s a we l f ar e pro gr am •
•
•
t h a t h a s b een o f f e r e d
We u r g e t h a t
the Pa s s amaquoddy
and Penob s c o t Tr ib e s be g iven the n e c e s s a ry gove r n me n t a l and
e c onomi c a s s i s t an c e t o e n a b l e t hem to have
as
t o t h e ir f u tur e r o l e i n o u r s o c i e ty . "
(F rom t h e DEMOCRA TI C PLATFORM FOR 1 9 6 7 - 1 9 6 9 ,
May ,
a
cho i c e and a v o i c e
1966)
"We c ommend t he 1 0 2nd L e g i s l a tu r e f o r e n a c t ing
tha t •
•
•
shou l d enab l e
l e g i s l a t ion
t he Pa s s ama quoddy and Penob s c o t Ind i an s
and t h e s t a t e g overnme n t wor k i ng toge ther t o d e v e l op a pr ogram
that w i l l e n ab l e the Ind i an s
f l our i s h and pr o s p er
•
•
•
l iv i n g on the r e s erva t i o n s t o
W e urge
•
•
•
t h a t r e s e r va t i on I nd i ans b e
gr an t e d a gr e a t er d eg r e e o f s e l f -governme n t and a l ar ger v o i c e
in t h e ir own a f f a i r s . "
( The MAINE I ND IAN NEW SLE T TER is a pr iva t e ly s po n s o r e d and pub l i s h e d mo n t h ly
mime ographed N ew s l e t t er d evo t ed t o news of Ind i an A f f a i r s in Ma i n e and t h r ough
Curr en t ly suppor t e d en t ir e ly by d o n a t io n s , t here is a s ye t
ou t t h e c oun t ry .
no
sub s cr i p t i on charg e .
Wr i te t he Ed i t or t o b e p l ac e d on the ma i l ing l i s t . )
�( 19 )
H:D IAN � C HOO I..S
C LOS D!G OF
( C o n t in u e d
B y far t he
1824
was
i·J.r .
to be
unto
of
f or c e d
out
Lo gan
Mr .
H i nc k l e y .
.; r a s
c o 1.ip l i an c e
1454
basis
ized
only ,
an d
t 2 28 , 500
lid
.s e t
f o r � on t h s ' t h e re
the
Tlrns
c omp l ie d , i.:.r i t h
S 0 !·1 e
l east
S tate .
r o un d
,
they h� ve
In
a
loses
their
las t
of
it
l o ok s
t he
t ake n
and
the
the
those
o f f i c ia l s
q u e s t i on
of
d i s c r i. 1i11 a t i on .
S&:f t h e r e i s d i s c r i;;1in a t ..i. o n
fident
they are
t .. . i s s t a t e . "
Tb e
i s s ue
say t he y wan t
1 1The
act ,
I n d i an
"Th e y
•
was
•
31,
�1 - i t �r n r
s ch o o l s
over
to
us
tJ1e
on
t he
has
no
i n t e 11 t i o n
11 I t wan t s
to
of
been
cl
los
Po r t L:m d Pr e s s H e ro. l d ,
oc
. .; t
�I 1 /u 7 )
of
ruling
to
us
they
tLem I
at
t h e ir
an o t h e r
c l oic e .
of
stated
he
c h i l d.c e n ,
in
raising
not
are
in
educ a t i on
f e d e 1n a l
ha. s t y "
li t t l e
But
f un d s .
sovere ignty ·df
I n d i a n r e s e r v ci. h
the
t ui t ion
r e ad y
f .: e l q u i t e
to
� on
i s n o d i s c ri ; ,1 i n a t i o n i n
t he r e
a l l o w i n g c: n y
pr o v i d e
in
ruling
tl0e
I n d L- i1 s w o u l d l os e
t a lk i n c; w i t h
t h i::!. t
an
unde r
the
have
to
on
un o r ga n -
in
G o vernor C ur t i s
indicated
F r 01r1
ke e p .
s t cl. t e
t he
•
re1 ort
said .
childre n . 11
( F r o .:i
•
r;o i n g t o
to
C ur t i s
" t h e y .£.ay h a v e
fe e l
a
on
.
b e e n ke p t
lla s
t h e J'o r � ln d R.r e � § II e r_?- l d t h � . t af t e r c on f e r r i n g i J O J.1 d a,j �1i t-11
o f f i c ia l s c o D c e rn i n g s c h c r n 1 1 n g t r � v j s i. 0 1 1 s f o r l' , & i n e 'r nd i an
t h i nks
d e s c r ib e d
r e s i de
f r e e d o.u1
the
le f t :
S e c t ion
.� u a r d i an
� ·1 c i e s
spot .
by
for
f u ;:i d s .
school
on ' Ja n u ci r y
held
t h is
the
t h o u &h
as
t he y b a d
not
do
196 3 .
of
as
pr iv i l e � e s
on
choice
apJ : r o v a l
apJ_: r opr i a t i o n s
er
b r i n g pre s s u r e
c oLl!: l y and
f r e e d ow
r i gh t
c on f e r e n c e
F e d e ral
to
re f u s e d
h m·1e v e r ,
the
news
Eaine
h2v e
ke pt
haine ,
a lr.1 o s t
In
or
states
really
is
Le p;i s la t u r e
iJ o. r e n t
b e cause
to
t ifile
li t t le
is
pe ople .
for
The
e du c a t i o n a l
children
and
r u l i D g wh e n
t his
h is
e 1 d i n g Ju n e
•1i ;; h
t o �hool
n e ar
is
d e a d l in e
for
E d u c a t i on
of
ye ar
l oc a l
of
�n o Nn
t11 i s
t h r o u gh Mr .
n e c e s s nry a p r o p r ia t i o ns
the
r e s id e
these
that
n o t 1u i t h s t a1 1 d i n g
aside .
1·1 h o
h
l''. e i p.; b o r i n .c;
in
he
c o n c e rn
·11 0
.
2 r o se .
such
"E,.ie r g e n c y n .
fisc �l
the
en t i t le d
be
s ha l l
1454
·l/a s h i n gt on
the
t o raise
c h i ld r e n
"All
ti.ie
c h i l dr e n
a l l ma t t e r s
d i s t r ib u t e d
h ad
no
be
I n di a n
the
j us t
not
be
D e pa r t ue n t
the
for
t e r r i t o ry . "
T he
th� . t
said
r u l i n g a n d e ar.Jarke d
the
with
I n d i a n R e s e r v a t i on
s e c t i o ns
is
to
S d i d t ha t
ii\fa s h i n g t o n a n cl p l e d
to
d e s i gn e d
and i s
ar e n o t t o e x c e e d
o f t h e b i l l re ads :
by
d r aw n
been
has
bill
A
Le � i s l a t ure ,
the
gone
hav e
h e w:rn l d
Iuad e
F r �n c i s
G e o r ge
E x -G o v e � n o r
it
'.i1 e r e
there
if
o n t h e R e s a r v a t i on s h o u l d
the
wo uld
i n f o r ma t i o n
that
and
an d
f�rther
them at
b e fore
should b e, laid
a gr � e d ,
lived
s c h o o ls
Reservation
G o v e r n o r Mi t c l 1 e l l
them .
Indians
the
ing
of
the
to
r e t ur n e d
then be
t h. � t
said
c h i ld r e n w h o
.� i t e
the
choice
O l d •r o 1m
of
J o h n I ii t c h e l l
G ov e rn o r
nation
a
t h e .:1 s e lv e s .
fre e d on
of
the
s c �r e �a t e d ;
re�lly
be
n c f'
S t o.. t e mu s t }.lr o
t h e T r u ct t y go.. v e
b e yo n d . t h L t
s1
life
the S t a t e
}ith
the
t ha t
s t at e d
and
ga t e s
the ir
c lose
to
out
e du c a t i on ,
and
we l fare
r i gh t
the
I n d i an s
1my of
t �.: e i r
b e en
ti.• e i r T r e o. t y
he
nann e r
c on t r o l l e d
and
of
t e rli1s
the
of
s or,1e
gav e
qu i e t
h e alt h ,
vide
i;1ha t had
t b e<. t
n e w s pap e r s
the
c onne c t e d
d i s r up t e d .
Gessil
In a
l'1aine .
in
r e ad
to
The y had
!...1 i s hand l in g of t � 1 i s i·.:ia t t e r is t h e
.
:.
-ri t h i t .!l orn t h e J nri 1 ::n1 s ;
of
i n f o r ma t i on
all
of
Fr e d r i c ks
. •
i t e &ll.
L ·p o r t a n t
least
• J i t hh o l d i n g
c omp l e t e
I1·i . T
b y Ka t h e r i ne
12 )
pa5e
f r o�
e
a 1J u s e
ns-
of
11 c at i on
11 1 i c h
t l1 ..)
it
t !1 e
c iv i l
c an
to
In dians
r i gh t s
the
I
�' ( 20)
A Ifr-, l D � y fi'OR
Vice
Pre ai den t ,
( C o n t i� u e d
'!Ve
I tl d i - n
t ouch
s t a t us - st a t us
t h e ir
the
: i ere
' f f ai r s :
H ow
as
0.1
to
t: e
s o) ' 1e
na t i o n a l s c h e · te
of
t he
c on f u s e d
t l i i n e; s .
of
To
t h i nks
par t
h e lp t h e m
that
F r om t h i s
sive
in
the
h ou r
pr o gr am
Un i t e d S t a t e s
gr e s c iv e ,
has
f o rw a r d ,
has
the
the
the
c ome
we
v e n t u r e s o r.1e ,
are
of
·erica
)
�
l l .Ja11
to
G 0 1·1e
to
put
going
o a i n �::; ,
, rh o
of
of
the
f o un d
c.lr e
•
I n d ia n s
it
fa r s i gh t e d . "
to
o rk •
t ha t
�e
•
•
they
on
In
fit
in
of A s ia and .l\ f r i
c o111 i n g i u t o a
ta� e
ca ,
co n
a
' ' Your Pre s i d e n t
J o hn s o n s t at e d :
b e gi'ir
I want
I n d i ans .
wa y t o
the
of
c o un t r y a t t ai n
·Ihere
n ow
f i r s t Arae r i c L � s
•
the
o.nd
<t o unt r i e s
t ribes
quite
U . S . B u r c::: au
this
s t a t u s as
c o1tlt11U n i t y .
the
•
of
the y are
Indinn
to
c o r i i r o n t i u t:; t · i e
citi. ens
vay Pr e s i d e n t
c on s i d e r e d .
and
J
la r 6e r
a d v an c e m e n t
ever
i s ::; ue
t h e y h av e n ' t
find t he ir
t irne
for
but
a f fairs
as
Li · ,_e
s t ruc t iv e
s e l f - aw ar e n e s s
HiD IAN
" tat e s
� 11 - IndiLn
po vir e r s ,
of
Un i t e d
The
s tatus as
are
IC Ld\J
1
"
H ui.t}.'h · e J
f r o ! 1 D e c e u1b e r Ne ws l 0 t t � r
l on g d o min a t e d b y f o r e i gn
sense
A}
very bedrocl
he l· �
c it i �ens ,
o w n min d s ,
.CJ 1
TJy Hub 0 r t H .
first
ou r &g�nd a •
on
the
mos t
t h e G ov e r n � n t
c o und ,
•
•
c ompr e h e n
of
re alis t i c ,
the
pr o
vh o g r e w up a!..i.l o n g h i s own t r i b . 1 :. e op le , t h e One i d as
o f h' i s c o n s i n , a n d w h o has b e e n inue r s e d i n I n d ian a f f a i r s t h r o u gh o u t his
e n t i r e l i f e has s t a t e d :
" I am f a r m o r e i n t e re s t e d i n pr o111o t i n g c o n s t r u c t i v e
C om.J:.t i s s i on e r B e nn e t t
a c t ion
will be
t hun
i n r e c r im ina t i ons
t he
,na j o r g o a l o f
n e w i d e as a n d p r o gr ams
t hr ow
off
To
o ld
p la c e
l and ,
s l 1 ip s t a t u s
the
B ow
s t a t ut e s ,
l an d s
assure
ed
the
e v ol v e d
f r ou
has
far
net
par c e l s
c o�1 e
fo�
of
to
is
the
These
c on c e p t
is
t ha t ,
is ,
I ndian
the
in
in
aa r s
and
o wn e r s .
the
the
of
the
But
us
for
of
whole .
a
the
such
the
as
are
of
s o me
a t t a ck b y t h e
s o on b e
e c o n omi c
of
I � d i an
q> n e r ship
next ,
th�
has
uia j o r
lands .
The
of
in
hav e
lagge d
I n d i an
th�
of
offer
h i gh
hav e
c re a t ing
I
as
c osts
little
I n d ian ar e as .
mon t h )
re s o u r c e
a
of
of
the
to
in c oill e
aii.1 c on f i d en t
s orae
to
a c q u ir e d
1 1 c h e c k-
farmi n g o r
t he
land
the
to
a r is ing
f l e xib i l i t y in
loosen
of
I n d ian
re sourc e s
b e h i nd
c o mt e ... p o r a r y pr o b l ems
of
these
v i nb i l i t j
c oru· I B r c i a l
in
tribes
a l s o va c il la t e d .
I n d ian par c e l s ,
lack
m i l l i on
51
Tru s t e e
i s o f t e n ob s c ur
n on - I n d i a n s
re d u c e d
t ha t
some o f the
a c c ui.1u lat ion
init iative
re sult ed
that will
(C ontinued next
of
B y an
policies
n e w C ommi s s i one r .
pr o p o s e d
gr o w t h
t us
d e v e l o p i n g na t u r a l
l ar �e - s c a l e
to
1 9 t h C e n t ur y a f t e r w h i c h
r e s e rv a t i o n b o unda r i e s ,
had
c it izens
o f ab o u t
s upe r v i s i o n
Me anwh : l e ,
and it
in i t ia t e
pr o gr e s s . "
e xami n e
trus tee
I n d i an a r e a & has
localities ,
of
to
/e s t e rn S t at e s .
l e ga l s t
I n d ian
and G o v e rnL1ent
f r a c t i on a t e d
to
c t i on ,
o u r Indian
let
F e d e ra l
i n a d m i n i s t e r i n g h o l d i n gs
b r ie f ,
f as t e r
is
�ar d sh i p .
o r i gi n a l
s ome
purpo s e s ,
indiv i dual .
under
to
b y law ,
a r e s ponsi b i lity
I n d i an
ge n e r a t i on
r eme d i e s w i l l
p e r rn i t
pe r s pe c t iv e ,
appropr i a t i on s ,
c o un t r y a s
More ov a r ,
in
e na b l e
t r u s t e e s hip r e s p on s i b i l i t y g o ?
and
pa s t
a wuch quicker 1 a c e
o f wh i c h
d e v e l o pme n t
l and w i t h i n
f r om o n e
Int e rior
par t
s e n t i iJle n t ,
t ha t
tr u s t e e s h ip s t a t u s
lat iv e
and
th0
i n v o lv e
F e d e r a l G o v e rnme n t
t he
f ulle s t
s ov e r e i n t y
t ri b ua l - u s e
a n y s in gl e
h o µe f u l l y ,
f o l l ow i n g t h e
to the
pat t e rn
r an c h i n g .
pas s e s
in
the
l a r ge s t
1 1 war d s h i p 1 1
of
r e s 11 on s i b i l i t y f o r
s ys t e m w a s e s t a b l i s h e d ,
does
re s u l t
. e r b oa r d ' 1
t h a t wi l l ,
r e ma r k in
r e gu la t i o n s ,
u t i l i za t i on
lan d
o ne
bene L it s
by the
t he
I n d ian B u r e a u un d e r m y l e ad e � s h i p
o f F e d e r.a l � Ind ian r e l a t i o n s .
r e s e r v a t i on
c h ange d
The
this
The S e c r e t ar y o f
of
oer
f r u s t r a t i o n s a n d a c h e iv e
c r u c i a l a s pe c t s
acres
the
the
t ha t
the
fr
t ru s t
l e gi s
s ha c k l e s
m
c
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- news 'lf Indian affair s
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- t o know what other
Tribes are doing, thinking and planm.ng;
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- a free " st art er " sub s cription _
to the Maine Indian Newslett er ;
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MAINE INDIAN NEWSIETTER
Pine Street
Freeport , �1aine
( Also
send in your suggestions, c omment s , ideas, l et t ers, st �ri e s ,
c �mplaint s , jok e s , �artoons, news ite�e , etc ! ! ! !
arti cle s ,
-
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like a copy of th e Maine Indian Newsletter mailed to me each month :
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T-�- a se pr i nt ) �
(Ple--�-___�� __;� � � �� ����� � ����-
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MAILING ADDRESS
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?l INE
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Penobscot
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The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Jan. 1967)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
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Colby College
Date
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1967-01
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-472
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/a2cb7ddd4c8ea5182317042b52deef37.pdf
63fde8c08772078a2911a0d2316a25d8
PDF Text
Text
E
Volume 2 , Numb er 6
s
I
'
.
• '
. '.
'
Januar y 1 9 68
I
I ND IANS SCORE VICTORY IN S PECIAL S ESS ION
A major l e gislative · triumph for Maine I nd ians r e su l ted from last-minu te
ac tion b y the S e c ond Spe c ial S ession of the 1 03rd Le gisl ature , which eonve ned
f or three we e ks this month .
S aved from the ver ge of death, L . D: 1858 was
signed into l aw b y Governor Kenneth N. Curtis on January 26th, author izing a
June 1 7 , 1 9 6 8 state -wide re fer e ndum on the issuance of bond s in the amount of
$38l�,ooo for "c onstru c tion and moder nization of ·school fac il itie s at the three
I nd ian r e servations11 and to 11construct water and se wage f acil ities at Ind ian
Township Reserva tion in Prince tonn .
(S ee Page s·l 6-1 8, this issue , f or a de
tail ed acc ount of the b il l 's histor y and passage . )
Origina l ly inc luded in G ov. Cur tis ' pr oc lamation to the S e c ond Special
Se ssion, the f und s ob tained from approval of the b ond issue next June would
be d ir e c ted to the Depar tments of Education and Indian Affairs.
With $ 249 ,000
the Dept. of Educa tion wou ld constru ct one c lassr oom and an al l -pur pose , l ib
rar y-c afeteria area at the Pe nobsc ot and Peter Dana Point schools, and two
c l assr ooms and an a l l -purp ose , librar y-cafe teria f ac il ity at the Pleasant Point
s c hool .
(One additional c l assr oom for Peter D ana Point was author ized ear l ier
by the Le gisl a ture . )
Purpose s of these educational improveme nts would b e to c or r e c t prese nt
over-crm-1ded c l assr oom c onditions, al l ow kind er garte n pr ograms to be star ted,
pr ovide night stud y facil ities for stude nts and adults, and replace existing
unsatisf actor y kitc he n-c afe ter ia arr ange ments.
As a r e su l t of exp anded spac e ,
the pre se nt high te ac her-pupil r atios c a n be l owered, acc ord ing to Education
Commissioner t7il l iam T. Logan, Jr .
r.Jith $ 135,000 the Dept. of I nd ian Affair s,· ·working through the alread y
operating I ndian Township Passamaquoddy Reservation Housing Au thor ity, wou ld
be ap�e to app l y for 70% Fe der al fund s for the construc tion of water and sew
age facil itie s f or that par t of the Township Reservation l ocated near Prince
ton.
Pre se nt sanitary and housing fac ilities in that l ocation are the worst
of any on the three Reservations; suc h sanitary f ac il itie s wil l be e ssential
for the deve l op me nt of the ne H housing pr ograms the Tribe desires in that area .
I n spe aking in suppor t of the b ond issue b il l , as he d id several time s
during its arduous r oad thr ough the Le gislature , Gover nor Cur tis state d :
" I f state gover nment - and I me an the legislative a s we l l a s
�xe cu tive brenc he s - is going to repre se nt itse l f a s concerned
about the educ ation of our young, I . don't see how we can ignore
the disma l pl ight of our I nd ians , not only be cause they have to
atte nd the poorest school s in our state , but because the y a l so
l ive under the mos t tr ying c ir cumstances possible .11
'11le Gover nor further pointed out that since the U . s. Civil �ights Commission
d e termined last summer that Indian r ights are not being infr inged upon, "we
can procee d with a pr ogram of d eve l op ment on the ir three rese rv ations. "
(The
Commission had determined that operation of the school s on the 3 Re serva tions
did not viol ate the Civil Rights Act.
Ed . )
•
�(2 )
D EMOCRATIC PARTY QUES TIONAIRE D I S TRIEUTED
The Naine D emo cr a t i c Par t y r e c e nt ly d i s t r ib u t e d i t s 1 9 68 Pla t form Que s
t io nair e to t he general pub l i c .
In t e nded as "an a t t e mpt
to ob t a i n a wide
range o f vie ws o n t he i mpor t a nt i s su e s fac i ng our S t a t e and Na tion" on t he
par t o f t he 19 68 Democr a t i c Pla tform Commit tee , t he que s t ionair e con tains
s e c t ion s on s uc h topi c s as Edu ca t i o n , Eco no mi c Deve lopme nt , Na tur a l Re s our c e s ,
Labor , Hea l t h & We l fare - and Ind i an Affair s .
C o pie s o f t he que s t ionaire may be r e �ue s t ed from t he Maine De mocr a t i c
Par ty, 2 7 7 L i s bon S tr e e t , Le wi s ton , Ma ine 0424 0 .
The New s l e t t er her e r e pr i nt s
t ho s e que s t ions per t a ining to Ind i a n Affair s , w i t h the t houg ht t ha t readers
mi ght l i ke t o submi t t he ir r e ac t ions t o t he Par ty .
I ns truc t io ns accompanying
t he que s t ionaire ind i ca t e t ha t as many, or a s fe w , que s t ions may b e a nswered
a s a n ind iv idu a l de s ir e s .
Add i t iona l c o mme nt s on any s ub je c t are s o lici ted .
Re s pons e s may be s i gned, or no t , as an ind iv idu a l d e s ire s .
Her e ar e t he que s t ion s l i s t ed und er t he Ind ian Affairs s ub-heading• Any
r e ader wi s hi n g t o submi t an s wer s or comme n t s to t he s e que s t ions s hould send
t he m d ir e ct ly to t he Maine D e mocra t i c Par ty , at t he above - l i s ted addre s s .
•
•
•
I ND IAll AFFAIRS
1.
Sho u ld t he S ta t e -admini s tered e l e ment ary s c ho o l s o n Maine ' s t hree (3 )
Re s erva t ions be br ought up t o t he phys i c a l and educ a t ion a l s t andard s
ex pe c t e d of o t her Maine publ i c s choo l s 7
2.
S ho u l d s pe c i a l i ze d vo cat ion a l training, adu l t educ a t ion and e mployme nt
c ounse l l i ng pro gr a ms be i ni t ia ted for Maine 's Pas samaquoddy and Pe nob s co t
Tr i ba l memb e r s , t o a s s i s t i n i mproving the e conomic cond i t ions o f ind iv
i d ua l s and t he �e s ervat i on commun i t i e s 7
3.
Do y o u fe e l
Re s erva t ion
Re s erva t io n
s id i ze fro m
4.
S hou ld t he Mai ne S t ate Depar t me n t o f I nd i an Affairs be s ta ffed and fund ed
s o a s t o enab l e it to as s i s t t he trib e s in reachi ng admin i s t r a t ive ind e pen
d e nc e as soon a s po s s ib le ?
5.
Do you fe e l t ha t pl an s and programs s hould b e de s i gned so t ha t fund s and
aut hor i ty c a n be ex t e nd e d d ire c t ly t o t he Pas s amaquoddy and Penob s c o t
Tr ibe s (r a t her t ha n t o t he D e par t me nt of Ind ian Affa i rs ) a s r apidly as
t r ib a l org a ni za t i o n per mi t s 7
6.
T;Jhat fur t he r s te ps s hould b e t aken to i ncre a s e s e lf-government and economi c
s e l f- s uffic i en cy among Maine Ind i an s ?
7.
Ple a s e no t e � in ord er o f i mpor t an c e , what you b e l ieve are t he mo s t i mpor t ant
a c t i o ns t he 1 04t h Le gi s lature could take to i mprove Mai ne I nd ian Affair s .
t hat S ta t e mat c hing fund s s ho uld be made avai lab l e to t he
communi t ie s to make po s s ib l e sani t a t io n, hou s ing and o t her
impr ove me nt progr ams , whi c h t he Fe der a l governme nt can s ub
5 0% - 70%?
Nm7
BRUNS WICK IND IANS ORGANIZE
A mee t ing of r e pr e s e nt a t iv e s fro m t hree Mal i s e e t Re s erve s in New Bruns
w i c k r e c e nt ly , may have s par ked w ha t t hey.hope w i ll b e a Uni on o f Ne w Brunswic k
I ndi a ns .
At t ending t he c o nference wer e Chi e f D a n Atwi n and Counc i l l or Wal t er Paul
of the King s c le ar Re s erve , Chi e f Haro ld Sappi e r and Councillor s Willard Paul
(Co nt inued on Page 4)
�- 3 E
EDITOR:
EUG
�I
D
I
0
T
R
A
L
S
(ThOM.S ) THOMfSON
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be subraitted to the Newsletter for publication
following address:
at the
Pine Street
Freeport,
04032
865-4253)
Maine,
(Telephone:
Letters to t1e
'!;ditor are welcome but must confar
required by every newspaper.
They must bear the
1
to the
rules
rrit8r1s correct name
and address although pen names must be signed thoush names will be with
held from publication on request.
Preference will be given to letters
not over .350 1;1ords in length.
Letters are subject to condens�_tion or
editing ··when space limitations require dnd to correction of grahll1'Bl::"
or obvious errors.
x
x
x
x
COMiiENTS BY
The February issue
on
·
Indians.
x
x
·rHE EDITOR
f Cavalier magazine will contain an article
The Penobscot Tribe is mentioned,
1967,
Nov,
as well as my brother
The article was written by Alan R.
illiam Thomas.
Letter,
x
3)
p.
I saw the issue
Le1.10nd
(See
�ews
associate editor of Cavalier.
1hile in New York at Christ . ...:1s tii::e,
and I might
add that the content of the article goes alittle deeper thaR Cavalier
usually seem9
to.
x x x
AG.HN
C.!iLL
Since last summer several Newslett.:r readers have sto:Jped in to see me,
only to find
I
\'laB
Some called back but several were
not at home.
passing through the state and could not.
I was sorry to miss talking
with these peorle too.
I
arn
Nelfare,
after
a social worker for the
at
6 at
180
(Maine)
Department of Health and
Middle Street in Portland.
night and on weekends,
Usually
I
am
at home only
but even this is not alwc.ys the case,
so the best ·�ay to contact rue would be to telephone fir�t and set a time.
So,
Indians,
I
if you ·vill try again
or whatever you have
be
will
glad to t
11-.: with you about
in ruind.
x
x
x
�UEbTIONS
!
Surveys
A
and reports are always being made on the
Indians and
opinions a�e al�ays being made as how to solve the Indian problems
in Maine,
and at ti�es it still is clear very little is then ever done
to remedy the situation.
I�would�say that
is ccming to realization at long last,
progress in some areas
but nevertheless
research needs to be done and more specific,
be
given
to the following questions.
I think more
factual answers need to
(Cont'd on page
5.)
�(4 )
NET·7 BR UNS\HCK
( Continue d. fro m Page 2 )
•
•
•
•
and Alvin Atwin of the Oromocto Re s er ve .
Acting as l i a i s on for the Tob i que
Re ser ve ..;·1as Mr . And r e w Ni c ho la s o f 11as hwaaks i s .
Pro bl ems a ffe c ting mo s t o f the r e s er ve s wer e d i s cu s s e d and a l l agreed
hou s ing was hi gh on the l i s t.
It was unan imous ly de c id e d that a gener a l
invitation b e s e n t to a l l New Bruns wi c k Ind ians invi tin g them to attend the
conference on the e s tab l i s hment of the propo s ed Un ion of Hew Bruns 1:·1ick Ind ians .
(From The Indian Ne ws , Ottawa , On tar io , December 1 9 6 7 )
PAS SAMAQUODDY SANITATIOU APPLICATIOHS F I LED
·
On January 1 9th appl ications from the Ple a s ant Point and Ind ian Town ship
Passamaquodd y Re s e r vation Hou s ing Author ities were filed w i th the re gional o ffi ce
o f the Economi c D e ve lo pmen t Admini s tration , in Portland , fo l lo wing mee tings
of b o th Author itie s on the 1 6th and 1 7th.
The s e important do cuments are re quests for 70% Federal fund ing of the
c o s ts of con s truc tion of s e wa ge and water fac i l itie s on both Re s ervation s b ad l y ne eded for e xi s ting hou s ing, and e s s enti a l for any n e w hous ing d ev e l op
The remainin g 30% of con s truction c o s ts has already been appr o pr i ated
ments .
by the S ta te , to be trans ferred to the Hou s in g Authorities when the Federal
money b e come s ava i l ab le .
Chair man Geor ge S teve n s , Jr . , of the Indian Towns hi p Author it� , and Chair
man Eu gene F ranc i s , of the P l e a s ant Point Author i ty , s i gned the applications
Pr ior to this action , each Author ity had met with its re s pe c tive
for the fund s .
Tr ib a l Counc i l for a general d i s cu s s ion of the appl ic ation and r e lated hous ing
Inc lud e d with the appl ication s to the E . D . A. were �aps outl ining a
plan s .
tentative Re s ervation deve l opment plan , which received initial approva l from
the Tr iba l Counc i l s .
F und s obtained from the F e deral government, as we l l as tho s e appropr iated
b y the S ta te for sewage and water con s truction , wil l be admini s ter ed d ir e ctly
by the two Hou s in g Author i ti e s , and all pro gram decis ions wi l l b e made b y the s e
two fiv e -member bod i e s .
"Wi lderne s s Kingd o m:
BOOK REVIEW
The Journa l s and Pain tings o f F a ther Ni colas Po in t"
The ho l i day s e ason has produced a number of '1bi g books " b u t few ar e a s
impr e s s i ve as thi s one , pub lished b y Ho l t , Rinehart & T.Jins ton .
Pub l ication
of this huge $ 1 7 . 9 5 boo k has re s cued from near -ob l i vion the valuab le impr e s s i ons
in word s and pic ture s - o f a man who s aw an important part of our ear ly h i s tory .
F a ther Po int was the diar i s t and r e c order of a smal l Je s u i t mis s ion to
the Ind i an c ountr y o f the Roc ky Mountains , Idaho . and Montana , between 1 840
and 1 84 7 , a per iod when on ly a fe w white trad e r s had r e ached the are a .
He wrote about Ind ian custo ms , camps , huntin g , med i c ine and witchcraft,
As an untrained painter , he pre s er ved
the ir b e l ie fs and the ir tr iba l war s .
in many mini a tur e s the i ma ge s of the Indians he met and the ir way s o f l i fe .
Hi s favor ite s wer e the F l athe ad s , but he a l s o b e came ac quainted wi th
He s tudied not
Couer s d ' Al e ne s , Blackfoot, Crows , Ne z Pe rce s and other s .
on l y the peo pl e but the fl ora and fauna o f the terr i tory he vis i te d .
F a ther Point was a c cntempor ary of the Amer i can painter George Catlin ,
and whi l e l e s s s kil l ed as an arti s t , he has re cord ed many s cenes that o ther
Hi s journ a l and i ts il lu s trations wer e a l mo s t for
wis e wou l d have b e e n l o s t .
in a Je suit ar chive near Montr eal until the y were r e d i s covere d by a
gotten
Thi s journa l is an important item for anyone intere s te d in
Je s u i t s cho l ar .
(From the Maine Sunday Te l e gr a m , 1 2/2l�/ 6 7 , by Norman F ournie r
Amer ic an Indian s .
�- 5 -
(QUEST IO 1Sl Cont'd frou1 page 3)
('11 Questions refer to Indians living on Reservations in haine. )
1. How many children leave school before 'ntering hish school? Jhy?
2. How many leave while in high school before gr· duation? �hy?
3.
How does this compare gith Indians all over the U.S.?
�ith other
people living in Maine?
4.
How does the lifes· an of the Indi�n in lraine co@pare with other U.S.
Indians?
Cor.1Jared to other citizens living in -"i<"'.ine?
5.
How �any eligible
Unefilployed?
6.
�
•
are full tiwe er ployed?
·fay?
eiployed?
ll
Vhat is being done to preserve Our Indian ·culture in Faine?
Is it
necessary that some of our Most authentic Indi�n reminders of
-
the � past
be sold to colleges,
( Even
as Florida?
museums and individuuls as far
when sowe tribal iteL.ls
to one library a fe v years ago,
7
-art ti�e
"dha t can be done about it?
court action to get this
hy do
•
8.
�V h a t
it's been notetl. )
-_re the u1ost prevalent
do soi· e re!Jain on the
polluted waters,
ii
.:..nd disec..scs y;resent on the
afflictions
such c.s he .. rt,
he.-:.ring proble ns,
These ar&
:lhy
�hy do others return upon retire�ent?
- eserve_ tions,
about the
a�ay
by an individual
the tribe rms unable even through
·aterial b�ck,
Indians leave the Reservations?
reservation?
•."1'ere sold
venerec.l,
lune;,
cancer,
blindness,
petigo and other skin irr it·-.tions
frohl the
etc.?
the questions most often asked hle by people inquiring
Indians liere in Maine,
facts availuble and
but for the most part there are n�
I am not about to guess.
Someone asked me recently
what.
the
Indians were doing for themselves.
He stated thut all he ever heard was what the
else to do for them.
I
Indians wanted soilleone
wonder what your reply would have
been.
LETTERS
( The
o
foll wi ng two letters are in answer to the letter by Helen
re_printed in the December Newsletter from the Brm1B�lick-Bath,
Ross,
Record, Nov. 14, 1967.
Times
-Ed.)
Dear Editor:
I'm �vriting to you in rep;ard to the letter Belen Hoss wrote in
the Decer.iber Newsletter about Don Gellers and
the Indians.
Don is 0orking for tue
I would like to point out a few f�cts.
ABd as far as working for himself,
doing his utmost.
and he
He does not get woney from the Indi�ns or their
entirely untrue.
Indians,
is
this
Trust Fund,
e
is
but
fro
nough to get by on;
different organizations.
therefore,
And this cloney is not
he takes other ca.;es,
too,
in order to
li v e reason abl y.
Don Gellers knows �ore about the FassaLlaquod�y Indians and their
1/ashington County residents and perhaps more than
A f:,OOd portion of i/ashington County
anyone else in the United States.
proble ms than most
residents have alwnys been discriminating against the Indi�n vhether he
w�s a Passama q uo u <l y or an Indian from some· other tribe.
on County,
And although he is a compar�tive newcomer t� Washingt
Don ha s
peeple
Some
doDe more for the Indians than others have ever done.
in �ashington Gounty have done nothing for the Indian except to
I'm not talking about all of the County, but
snicker at him.
laugh or
the shoe fits, ve�r it.
if
( Continued
on page
6)
�(I,et·cers ccint 'd
from page
- 6 5)
for Helen � oss' old adage about being j� ge<l by t e company
you
there is also one that goes like this:
"A r.1an 's home is his
castle," and what he wants to do in that "castle" is
his o n business!
I also have numerous friends who are negro, iexican, Ger an, Spanish,
Turkish, Japanese, Italian, French, Polish, Korean, .'ustralian,
keep,
As
Canadian,
white, and Jewish.
I have associated with these people at
one time or another.
So wh�t does that �ake me?
I don't know how some people judge me and I really don't care.
All
I care about is what my friends think of me.
And I have few enemies in
the States (except for a few prejudiced people).
This is still Free
America,
and I will keep co .�ny with anyone I choose.
The plight of the
assamaquoddy people are being made known all
over the United States and Canada, also a fe� foreign countries.
This
is being done through the efforts of peo1le who are very concerned
·about us:
Don Gellers, Edward Hinckley, Nilliam H. ¥illiamson,
Andrea Schermer, Mrs. Peabody, Dr. Willard Walker, the VISTA's, the Maine
Indian Newsletter, and various other people and organizations.
I can name quite
I know Don C.
instances where Indians were discriminated
few
a
have been printed already in various newspapers.
these cases
But
against.
Gellers personnally and I know
concerned about the Indians.
reople
Some
the Indians
known to say that "tie is• just getting
riled up
Also some one had to get them
the City of Machias during
anyone
riled up."
But some
when Christopher Columbus came over.
I wish we had him
one has to.
that he is genuinely
from w/ashington County have
when they helped to defend
the Revolutionary
!ar
(and I don't think
complained about riled-up Indians then - except mayb-e the
British).
Sincerely,
Morris Brooks
Tribal Council �efilber
Passamaquoddy Tribe
Rrinceton,
(A
copy of the
original ,
following
letter was sent to the Newsletter, while the
it is presumed was sent to
Dear Editor:
Referring to
contained in the
Maine
x
x
x
x
-�d.)
the Times-Record.
the slander, hy�ocrisy and glaring misinformation
letter of
Ross,
Helen H.
(Ti�es-Record,
Nov.
14, 1967)
as one of our prominent Democratic Farty noruinees for President,
of
the
1920's, was famous for saying, "Let's look at the record." (Al Silith)
Helen Ross says, it's true that the �leasant faint Indi&ns are
political voice, pointing 9ut that, �hey have a
and implying that, her long time res�dence and
activity in the County has made her acquainted with that fact.
The truth is:
The Indians were interested in, informed how to, and
urged to form, the Reservation Democratic Committee by Mr. Gellers.
kept
without effective
They
had no such organization before
Democratic Committee,
didn't,
if Mr.
will
inform
Gellers
confirm
you that there would
I
am sure.
In a recent Washington County,
Superior Court
the
or deliberately
Committee
Frqneis Sapiel
as will all four other members of the Reservation
Democratic Committee,
of indictments
Ross failed to,
gotten this one off the ground.
hadn't
this,
this.
still be no such Reservation
Maine Superior Court,_ action a number
against Passamaquoddy Indians were
Justice
for the
reason
dishlis0ed by the
that no Indians were
included in
This was effective politicql voice?
Although Congress, in 1L924, gave all Indians full citizenship,
page 7)
(Cont'd
Jury
List.
�- 7 (Letters Cont'd from p.
�ine didn't
until
1955,
6)
get around to giving the Passamaquodjys the right to vote
and even then, deliberately omitted'the printing of that
section of the ballet
permitted
the
legislature.
(delivered to the Reservations) which would have
Indians to vote for a representative to the �·.'aine
The Indian Representative they were permitted to vote for
had no voice and no vote there.
Can
Ross tell you when the
This was effective political voice?
Indians were permitted to vot'e for a representat.
1965,
the saw.e as Naine's other citizens?
gave them the right to vote?
No.
ten years .:...fter
Eleven years after?
lhe
1966.
matter of fact they had no proper ballots as late as
having an effective
No!
Legislature
As a
This is
a long
and as Ross implies - for
political voice,
time?
Helen Ross may in fact be a long-time resident of dashington County,
but her monumental ignorance of our inhabitants and the social inequality
practiced upon them,
fifty years,
or forced upon them,
leads me to believe that my
my father's three-quarters of
a
century,
not to wention my
grand father and great grand parents being local residents,
give me
a
is likely to
slight advanta.,e in knowing the treatment accord�d our
long-time neighbors,
the Passamaquoddys.
to let sleeping dogs lie.
hoped the problem
We know the
would solve itself,
reason to believe th-_t the
of life if educated,
jobs far afield.
that there
a .
we have been content
and the State did give us every
Indians would
doled out
Locally,
Indians were there but we kind-of
just fade into the mainstream
bare subsistence,
and forced to seek
T.e fact that no white man took the time to understand
.Jas a problem,
only points up the fact that our residents
were supre 1ely tolerant of the
Indians to the point of co1iiplete
indifference.
Mr.
Helen Ross &lso i plies that perhaps you were more concerned with
Gellers than the
Indians,
but fbr the record it is certainly apparent
that she was more interested in slander by innuendo and misinformation
by distortion than in concern her facts.
long-ran;!·e vie
reporters
on.
/
Even in her reQark about the
from Cumberland and Sagadahoc,
were so
she implies that these
far from this area they couldn 1 t know what wl.s going
She failed to inform you that,
Mr. Williamson at least,
reporters spent a great deal of time in this area,
intervieving people,
one of the
on several occasions,
watching what was transpirin� in the Courts,
and
thus his view of events was certainly a great deal closer and clearer
than Helen's.
None of these protestations,
that nothing is '¥ron ,
distortions of truth and arguments
nothing has been wrong,
the Indians are happy,
are going to convince either the Indians, or
those who are genuinely concerned for their welfare that everything is
now fine.
Even the long-time residents who would like you to believe
this are finding their own vords ringing hollowly in their ears.
they h2ve all their rights,
It has taken me some time to cooe to write you to set this matter
straight,
first,
because
I did not believe that your readers were
gullible enough to swallow such remarks in the face of recent factual
articles
you have carried,
r·e vived in the Maine
and second because now the matter has been
Indian Newsletter,
I now feel impelled to set the
matter straight before there is even wider circulation given a�d somehow
peopl.e come to believe through repetition.
You know, if you tell any
big lie often enough it will pick up believers.
Very truly yours,
Charles A. Lewis
.
East po rt, Maine
(LETTERS,
Cont'd on page
8)
�- 8 LETT�RS , C on t 'd from page 7 )
D e ar Editor :
B�bara ( Ke nd a l l) an d I hav e b o t h b e e n honored b y being asked
to be me iiib e rs of t he In dian C ommun it y Ac t ion Frogrc-m C omwi t t e e .
If you s t il l hav e c opie s , you may be gin the s ub s crip t ions wi th t he
i s s u e c on t aining t he le t t e r from He l e n H. Ros s maliging Don G e l l ers .
Mrs . R os s s e e ms t o b e misguid e d in he r v ie ws on Don - a11d as for
G ov . C urtis l abe l lin g him " c on t rov e rs ial" - I wou ld rat he r be "c ontro v e r
s ia l" t han " z e ro".
All n e w c ome rs to 1./ashing t on C oun t y are looke 1..l upon wit h s us pic ien
a n d e s pe c ially s o if t he y que s tion the ill o tiv e s and t raditional at titud e s
o f t he "Bs tab lis hme n t . 1 1
•
•
•
S in c e re ly,
Virginia Po t t l e
Pe rry , !'Jain e
B o t h t he s e s ub s c ripti o n s are non - Indian but pro - Indian . )
(P.S .
x
x
x
x
D e ar Edit o?:' :
Havin g re ad your artic le in t he Ba t h-Bruns wic k (fv1e . ) Time s -Re c ord,
0 f lfo v
14 ' 19 6 7
As my la t e fa ther Samu e l G e orEe C o l s on , born in 1861 and d ie d 1934,
his mothe r C hris t in e G . Le ight on C ol s on b orn 1829, die d 1902 was a £ull
b l o o d e d Indic::n from the Pe n o b s c o t Trib e at Old T own , J\:ain e .
I we n t p e rs onal l y up t o s e e C hie f Po o law or ( Gre y Wo lf) in 1960
and he v e rifie d my lat e fa t he r ' s mother b e ing a full b lo od e d I ndian
100%, and s a id my fat he r c arrie d t he n ame of (white Hors e ) and he ,
C hie f Poo l aw or Gre y Wo lf , had me t ake t he oot h a s I won t e d to be a
m e mb e r of his trib e and he gav e me the t i t me of my lat e fa t he r ' s name
(Whit e Hors e ).
I hav e b e e n t o Indian I s land at Old Town , haine (2) t wic e s in c e
1959.
Now , if pos s ib le , I would' like more inf ori:1ation, about t he Maine
Indians as I am v ery proud to b e of t hat b looR .
- I hav e in my p os s e s sion a pic t ure of Chief Gre y Wo lf (Foo lar) an d
Also his s igna t ure .
his famil y gav e it t o me in 1960.
My l a t e fat he r took me t o Main e e ver sin c e I wa s (6) years old and
n ow I am (67).
VJe s ure would appre c iate any Ne ws le t t e r. - }?a s t or pre s en t or
future on the Maine ren ob s c o t Tri b e mf Indian s
S in c ere ly yours ,
G e orge Leight on C o ls on
F ort Laude rdale , Florida .
•
•
•
•
•
•
x
x
x
•
•
•
x
D e ar S ir :
I am a memb e r of an e xperime ntal t he a t er group in Bos t on whic h is
�Ve have
c urre n t ly working with a t he me of the A,ueric an In dian .
b e c ome partic ularly iht e re s t e d in t he Indians of 0aine and would
'
appre c iate any ma t erial you oan .:>uggest d e s cribing t he ir his t ory,
c ul t ure , t ra di t i o n s , folklore , etc .
We are inte re s t e d in obtainin g a c opy of the b o o k "G lus kap t he
.
Liar and 0t h e r In dian T ale s " b y Hora c e P . Be c k whic h I saw a d v e rt is e d
i n your n e w s l e tt er, an d a s ub sc ription to t h e Haine Indian Ne ws le t t er .
S in c e re ly yours ,
Joan Mofe n s on
·
�- 9 LET1 -R':>,
Cont'd from -p.
8)
BUCKING THE ESTb.BLISEh_.NT
Logging Contracts Unfair
Dear Sir:
a Passamaquoddy Indian of Dana Point Reservation.
I bought a
tractor through F.H. A.
And I was trying to get a lo&ging contract
from the Indian Township.
But Roger Milligan the land a�ent and Froif.
I'm
craw
-
Randall of Orono - rouldn 't let ae cut.
I also ask Georgia and P2,cific
for a job and they turned me down.
So I'ill ask.in[ you to help us to get
a contract.
This is the only way we can suptort our fa�ilies.
I
-- ..
hired 2
ore men, t!:ey to have fa�ilies.
We Indians wc:�nt the same privilage to cut on our land, like the
-1hite wan and Georgia Pacific Co.
_ nytine
a white ;,ian wants a contract
from the Indian township,
they can get it.
But us Indians don't
have the sawe privilage, like they do, even though we ovm the land •
•
Je like to help ourselves,
all the tiLie.
families.
instead of de_ endin;s on the Indi ..
:.n agent
So I'm asking you to help us in order to support our
h!ld make a better home for them.
Sincerely yours
Albert Earnois
Dana Foint
··,e.
Princeton,_
('li'ditor 's note:
re uested by iir,
This lett�r was reprinted trom the
.Vi_gwa11 1Jeekly as
Harnois.
The Newsletter understands a sLnilar letter was sent to Gov.
Curtis.
Je hope t is matter does not get passed over.
The Ne:rnletter would like a statement from Roger Hilligan and
Prpff.
Randall regarding their authority over
Indian Township,
and
an ex�lanation of why every one but Indians can obtain persission to
use the land.
This situation has existed for years, but wost people
who are not· Indiah never hear of it.
This kind of rank prejudice should get the Indians riled up,
Helen Ross notwithstanding.
The Newsletter will have more on this next •aonth;
il.eanuhile we hope
our readers will inquire into this matter with us.)
x
Dear Mrs.
x
x
Thou11_,son:
nclosing a check
th�
x
for
$2 .00
enjoynent we get from the
which is a small payment in return for
Indian Newslettar.
We are Indians and operate a small shop of
Indicin Crafts of our
ff1aine Tribes and other Tribes.
Being able to �ake our own craits is a lucky thin� for us as
Indian work in
this area is getting more and more difficult to get.
�test of us
Indians in the business are hindered to soLle extent from
buying
from our people by
11 V/hite
Indian"
shops.
a
monopolizer in the trade Rho sells only to
Business is business,
but iJoney is green in any
man's language wouldn't you say?
I think it i,rnuld be nice to have an "Honest Injv.n" who could help
or represent the
Indian in theae matters.
Another gripe is the white Indian sho·iJs that advertise to the sky and
when you enter the shops find "so:Je}' Indian work stuck in a corner
a�e 10)
(Continued on
�- 10
-
and most w o r k mad e by Hong Kong Ind i ans , and not an Indian in sight
.
Please , I'm n o t a disagr e e able pe rson - just a i r ine o ff a l i t t le .
Ke e p up t he g o od w or k o n your pape r - r·1an y t l an_-s r o r L.:any p le asant
mome n t s .
S ince r e ly,
C h r is Nich olas
S e arspo r t , 1-:ai n e
(I a gr e e .
I hav e p lann e d for soi; e t ime t o r e :Jrint an i t e ru fr om t he
first i ssue of t h e Ne wsle t t e r (Au gust 1966 ) and t his se eu1s like an appr opr ia'
t im e . )
PROTECTION OF INDIHN 1RTS A.ND C RhFT
Pr o t e ct i on for eonsum e r s and pr oduce rs of Indi an and Eskimo A r t s
a nd C r aft s .
Wha t is the F e d e r a l Le gisl at i on:
The Act of C ongr e qs which cre at e d the Ind i�n A r t s and C r aft s Board,
spe cifie s as foll ows:
"S e c. 6 .
.Jho e v e r w i l lfu lly offe rs or d isplays for sale any go ods,
w i t h o r w i t ho u t any G ov e r nme n t t ra d e oar k, as Indian pr oducts or Indian
pr o duct s of a par t icu la r Ind ian t r i b e or group r esid e nt wi thin t he
Un i t e d S t a t e s o r t he T e r r i t o r y of Alaska , whe n such pe rson knows
such go ods a r e n o t Indi�n p r o d ucts or are n o t Indian �ro d uct s of t he
par t i cular Indi an t r i b e o r gr oup shall be fi n e d not raore t h an $500 or
imprisoned n o t � o r e t han si x mont �s or b ot h.
Ev i d e n�e of v i olat i on of S e ct i on 6 of t he Act shou�d b e dir e ct e d t o
t h e Indian Ar t s and C raft s Board, U . S . D e par t me n t of the In t e r i or,
Washingt on, D.C . 20240.
C ase s of Misr e p r e se nt �t i o n may also be r e �or t e d
t o t he F e d e ral T r a de C om.missi on, Pe nnsy lvania �v e nu e a t 6 t h S t r e e t ,
N.vv., ;.Jashingt on , D . C . "
x
x
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�ome t ime a go the Ne wsl e tt e r r e ce i v e d t h e foll owing i t em se n t t o us
by C h i e f S t r ong Horse of t he Pue b l o and · t he Narra�ans�t T r i b e as he
t ho u g h t many of o u r Maine Indi ns w ould b e int dr e st �d; -�d)
"i l l iman t ic - C hi e f An t h o n y J. Tamar, 62, of 54 Jame s Rd . , ..Jindham (Conn.)
head of t he Algonq uin Indian t r ibe , die d Mondey (Sept . 4, 1967) at
.·JindharJ. Community 1e mor ial Bosp i t al .
He '.fas se r v i n g his se cond year as chie f of t1je Nort h Awe r ic n
Indian C lub .
C h i e f T o m e r b e ca�e a we ll-kn own figur e aft e r he made
se v e ral tPlev�sio n and r adi o a ppe a rances de scr i b i n� Ind i an cul t ur e ,
craf t s and ce r e Qonial dance s.
He was b or n i n Gre e nv i lle , Maine , and was e mp l o Y,ed a t PBa t t &
Whi t n e y A ircraft C o. un t i l his r e t i reme nt in 196l .
He was a me mb e r of
Owe be t uck G r ange , PofH, S o u t h •�in dham, communi can t of the Firs. t Bapt ist
Church and was a Wor ld War II v e �e r an.
He l eqve s his wife , Max ine Hobbs T ome r of Windham; fiv e daught e rs,
five sons, his mo t he r , Nrs Ka t h e r ine N. T ome r , Gr e e nv i l le , Maine ; t w o
b r o t he r s, Noe l T oLle r, Gr e e nv ill e , Mai n e a n d dilfr e d Tome r, Old T own,
Maine , t h r e e sist e rs, T'-'irs . C e l i a C o t e , t'!i lo, r•Ja ine , 1rs G e r aldine S olomon
of C anad a and Eiss Je nny T ome r , R o ckwo od, I1a in e and t hl:r t y grandchild r e n.
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NffiJ :NDIAn L\GENT Aj?:--�r�. J'F"J BY PAS SA 1AOU DDY TRIBAL ('')'l'j JG _,s
. .
At last night 1 s joint m'=e":ing of the . Indi&r: "_ ·n· :.ip and I':\ , . �ant Point
Horace 11Bud11 reston was appointed by the two Ccuncils to
Tribal Councils,
serve as permanent Indian Agent for the Calais office.
During this meeting,
held at the Calais Indian office, Mr. Weston and another applicaat for the
job, Lawrence D. Fike, were interviewed by the Councils' members.
Indian
Commissioner Edward C. Hinckley conducted the meeting, but was not present
when the Councils voted on the appointment; thus marking the first time Indians
alone have been able to choose their own Indian Agent.
Attending the meeting from Indian To�mship 1·1ere Governor John Stevens,
Morris Brooks, Basil LaCoote, Pauline Stevens, Archie LaCoote, Joan Dana,
and VISTAs Bruce Thomas and John Larme.
(Attending from Pleasant Point were
Governor Joseph Mitchell, Lt. Governor Timothy Newell, Daniel Francis, Garfield
Holman, John Nicholas, Mary Sapiel, Mary Yann51l and Irene Lewey.)
Commissioner Hinckley opened the meeting at 8 P.M. by explaining the
employment requirements for a salaried state position such as Indian Agent.
Re stated that there were 8 applicants for the position who were 11rated by
the Examining Division of the Department of Personnel on the basis of experience
and education combined,
and assigned numerical scores.''
Commissioner Hinckley
then said that the three applicants having the highest scores were invited to
Applicants Mr.
this meeting to have interviews with the Councils' members.
Heston and Mr.
H.
Pike were interviewed at the meeting, but the third applicant,
Leon Andrews,
could not attend because he was in Florida.
Mr. �Teston, who has served as a temporary Indian Agent since Tony Kaliss
left the position, was the first of the two applicants to be interviewed by
Mr.
the Councils.
Pike was interviewed next, and then Commissipner Hinckley
left the meeting while the Councils discussed the applicants and voted on the
applicants.
All members of the two Councils appointed Mr. Weston •
(From the Wigwam Heekly,
Indian Township Reservation,
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1 / 1 2 / 68 )
SPOTLIGHT:
INDIAN AGENT
by Richard Dana
Horace "Budn Heston, age
43, was appointed official Indian Agent for the
Passamaquoddy Tribe last night by the Tribal Councils of Indian Township and
Pleasant Point.
This is the first time an Indian Agent has been chosen by
the Indians themselves and not a state official.
Mr. Weston's employment record includes journalism work, public school
Englisp teacher, social worker, case worker, and before last night he was where
he will continue to be - the Calais Indian office - serving as �emporary agent
since Tony Kaliss left that position.
During his interview with- the Councils' members, Mr. !eston stated that
he has enjoyed his job of temporary agent and would plan to stay indefinitely
if he became permanent agent,
which he did.
Mr. �7eston spoke highly of the CAP program as a great road of success,
saying "Right now,
I don't know what we would do without it."
Mr. Weston said that perhaps one improvement that could come about would
be better communication between possible Indian employers ��d the Indians.
In
reply to a question of whether he would be willing to work with the Tribal
Councils,
Mr. Weston stated that he was "perfectly willing to work with anyone"
for the benefit of the Tribe.
Applicants for the Indian Agent position were evaluated by the state
Department of Personnel and Mr. Weston received the highest score of the eight
Mr. Weston is married and lives in Pembroke.
men who applied for the job.
(From the Wigwam
}i���_ly.
Tndian
Tnwn�hip Rese1:vat:1.on. 1/12/68)
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Ers, Eugenia Ynompson, Editor
L:uu� Ii:.dian Newsletter
Pine Street
Ja:J
�ry .
4032
Freeport,
Maine
Dear Mrs.
Thompson;
Thank you v ery much for contacting me about Mr. Albert Harnoist letter
to you regarding logging work on the Indian Township Reservation.
Mrs.
Harnois called me about this on January 15th, and by January 17th I was able
to provide her with the following information - in person, through
r. Weston,
the agent in our Calais office, and by letter.
mation with you and the Newsletter readers.
I am happy to share this infor
( See
Page 9, this issue - Ed. )
Cutting of timber on Indian Township is on a "sustained yield" basis, so
that the income produced enters the Tribe's trust fund at a relatively steady
rate each year.
it grows.
That is,
the wood is harvested approximately at the.same rate
The alternative method of cutting would be "clear cutting" whereby
the whole Township might be totally cut in a short time; after that there would
be no income for many years, while new trees were growing.
This sustA.ined yield cutting is jointly managed by the University of
Maine
( School
of Forestry ) ,. the State Department of Forest Service,
and the
Georgia-Pacific Corporation - each agency providing certain services under a
three-way contrac�.
This contract,
and the activities of the three agencies,
are annually reviewed by the Ind ian Township Management Committee, which includes
representatives of the three agencies, myself, an d the two Passamaquoddy G overnors.
!'.!21
One of the conditions of this working agreement is that non-Indians will
be employed cutting wood on the Township.
In past years, because of dif
ficulty in obtaining an all-Indian crew to v.ork on the Township, the planned
Any crew working on
"cutting schedule" for the Township has fallen behind.
the Township is expected to cut a certain quota of wood each week; the wood
which may be cut is that which has been marked for cutting , in accordance with
the cutting schedule,
in certain definite locations on the Township.
Since early this fall, an all-Indian logging crew, under the direction of
When Mrs. Harnois
Mr. Joseph Sockabasin, has been cutting on the Township.
called me about her husbandts desire to begin cutting on the Township, I did
I
some checking with representatives of the three agencies mentioned above.
1 ) Georgia-Pacific, as a whole, has recently
found out three pertinent things.
had to lay-off 5 of its 34 logging crews because of over-production - in other
words, more w:>od had been cu t than the Company could haul out or use during the
winter.
2) Normally, the a mount of wood which could be cut from the Township
during a year, .under the sustained yield program, w:>uld only support a single
3) However, because the Township1s cutting schedule had fallen
logging crew.
behind, it was felt that a second all-Ind ian crew could be used on the Tow:nBhip
at this time.
Accordingly, Mr. Harnois was advised to contact Georgia-Pacific again with
his tractor and a crew of four Indian c utters, a nd it is my understanding that
he a nd his crew have been working on th e Township since about January 19th.
I do not pretend to be an expert
I hope this will answer your questions.
in forest management, but - in cooperation with Tribal officials - we are looking
for ways in which the Township's resources may be more beneficial to the Passa-·
Right now, I am delighted that there are two .5-man Indian
maquoddy Tri be.
crews employed on the Township.
Sincerely,
Hinckley, Conmdssioner
Department of Indian Affairs
Edward c.
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COL' NZL JOHN A1LAN
'by John Francis Sp-r:'.01--'
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( Continued
fr
m
De cemb er i ss �·
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The re sult ( of the appeal by Chief Oreno of th e Penobs cot 1'ribe ) was an
urgent appeal to Ma ssachuset t s Coleny by Celenel Allan for aid in b ehalf of
the s e Indians .
He said in part :
" • • • I Inquired & Exanined int. the Pertfoulars sett
forth by theu, - and f 'Jund that their Coin.plaints were but
te Just & True, & Such as must reflect the greatest
Dishonour on many perso n s settled on that River
I shall
Cora:;:iuni c at e the perticulars t� Congre ss as it is the
Indians Earne st des ire, & Trust that all will Cast an Eye
o f Pity on t he s e Poor Wr etche s , that Just e s s �ay be done
thera, & be 9etter taken c are of for the fut er . 11
In t he fall of 1780, the British Indian agent nade an unusu al effort to
induc e the Indi ans to forsak e the Ameri cans and unite wt th their arny·.
For
a long period no suppli e s from Bo ston had reac hed Machias for th e Ind ians and
it s eemed as though a faIJine would ensu e .
After nany futile attenpt s to
awaken the Council to th e perils of the Eastern country, which appeared to
Colonel Allan so ir:la:i.ne nt , h e decided t hat i t was nec e s s ary for hil'n · to go to
Beston and have a perso nal int erview with the authoritie s in erder to s ecure
the nece s s ary aid .
When th e Indi ans were inf orn�d ., f hi s int ent ion t• leave
than fo r t hi s purpo s e, they feared t hat he ;night never return and refused their
cons ent and da;iand ed some s ecurity for the f\J. lfillment of his pro�rl. se s �
rt was finally arranged that he should leave hi s two oldest sons, Mark
and Willi am, in the hands of the Indian s as hostage s . . . .
Colonel Allan 1 s home and he adquarters was at Mac hias unti l the cles e of
tho war .
In July, 17831 h e visited Bo sto n and resigned his position.
In
17S4 he r eturned to Maine and entered upon mercantile 9u sine s s on wh at was
afterwards kno-wn as Allan ' s Island .
In tw• years he closed his 'Dusine s s and
reti red at Lube c �.ii ll s, where . he r esided until his death, February 7, 1805 .
In lt'9 a m� nument was erected e ver hi s grave whi ch is �n the Island that 9 ears
his name .
In 1789 he s ent a farewell addre s s to th e Indi ans as follows :
11 IN DIAN EASTERN DEPAR'IMEN T
MACHIAS , April Z?, 178�
To the Penob s cot, Marishute, Madewascow, all the rest
o f the · St . John, Pass runaquoddy, ¥ ck-macks and all
.i
•th ers, friend s and brnthers to Ameri ca and the
French Natie n :
Brothers - Peac e attend you with the Ble ssings • f the Great
God to rest on you and family 1 s - My joy is ffJr your good health
and p ro sperity - open your eyes , e ar s ·and heart s - Hear and attend
String o f
to wh at I say - I s alute you with a loving heart .
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Wampum.
Brothers ... I see you have b ec�r.:ie much scattered and divided ;
t h at Geed Coun0:il fQr your S afety cannQt be procured with�ut
b eing more together and knowing one another ' s mind s .
Broth ers - The opportunity will e e very advantageou s and
s
s afe for you t� g et tegether : - The supplies and troop ordered
t• thi s Country for it s defense an:i your Safety by Ameri c a and
France, wi ll prevent t he enemi e s of our Country from oolesting
us :in our imperl ant busines s .
Broth ers ... I d e the refo re now by thi s b elt o f Wampum i n the
name ef th e go od p eeple o f the U . S . of .Ameri c a, and by the duty
( C�ntinued en Page 14 )
�( 14 )
( Continue d from Pag e 1 3 )
and a f fe c tion due your An c ient Father , the �in� o� �7an c e ,
by virtue of the Tr eaty of Fri end s hip s e tt l e- d and con f irn1�� d
b e t-cveen the s e two Nation s , Summon and r e qu ir e you to me e t
· me in Grand Counc i l , to be he ld at Pas samaquoddy, as s oon
as po s s ib l e after the 2 8 th day of May , and for you to give
me noti c e and in form me ther eof .
Brothe rs - If you think of your Safety and that of your
wive s and chi ldren , you w i l l not n eg l e c t thi s on any ac count
Whate ve r .
Fare-cve l l ti l l I see you .
J. ALLAN
Con tinen ta l Agent and Com ' d in Chi e f of Ind ians , Ea s tern De p ' t . "
The B r i ti s h were very bi tter aga i n s t Colone l Al lan and for years a
r eward of one hundred pound s was s e t u pon hi s head .
They repeatedly made
attempt s to inc i te the Ind ians to take hi s l i f e and of fered the m br ibes to d o
so
a s we have pr eviou s ly r e marked her e in , he i s entitled to much mor e
r e � o gn i t i on and r enown than ha s yet been awarded hi m
Jud ge Jone s , 1ho r e s i d ed a l ong per iod in Nac hi a s , and who we l l knew
the hi s tor y o f Ea s tern Maine , s tated in 1 3 2 0 :
" That i t ·was a n imme n s e advantage to the inha bi tants e a s t
ward of the Penobs c o t that the great ma j or i ty of the . Pas s a
ma quoddy & S t . John Ind ian s j oined with us i n s te ad of adhe r
i n g t o the ene my, f or had they b e e n aga in s t us , a n d been s e t
on by the Lr i ti s h t o plunder our towns and s e ttlements , the
who l e popu l ati on mu s t have been d e s tr oyed .
Gre at cre d i t
i s d u e the Ind ian s for the ir r igid adherence to our cause,
a lthough a t time s the commi s s ary ' s d e par tme n t wa s d e s t i tute
of prov i s ion s and c l othing for them . "
The s tory of the white man ' s supremacy over the red man in Nor th America
is a hi s tory of a tr agedy of crue l ty and inj u s tice .
The Je s ui ts , from the day that they fir s t landed en the Ame r i can c on
tinent fu l l of z e a l and enthu s ia s m to found a n ew France and to conver t al l
o f the Ind i an s to the Cathol i c faith , unti l the hour arr ive d when the l a s t
o f the ir mi s s i on s b e c a me obs ol e te, a ppe ared t o c ompr e hend the nature of the
Ind i an, tre ated him kind ly , won hi s a f f e c tion and proved to be a bl e s s ing and
a comfort to him .
Other s who were e qual ly as succe s s fu l in thi s re gard are
f e w in number and oc cupy but l i ttl e s pace on the page s of Amer i can hi s tory .
The me ed of pra i s e a l ong the s e l in e s due to Wi l l i am Penn, John El l iott,
Jona than Edward s and a f ew o ther s i s great and s hould n e ver be over l ooked by
any wr i ter u pon thi s s u bj e c t, and the name of Co lone l John A l l an be longs in
thi s g a l axy of ju s t men .
Hi s unceas ing f a i thfu lne s s to the ir cau s e and
his kindne s s to them won the ir e ve r l a s ting l o ve and re s pe c t .
On l y a s hort time b e f or e hi s death he vi s i ted the Pa s s amaquoddy tri be
f or the l a s t time and placed in their kee ping hi s farewe l l me s s ag e in wr iting
to them , the or i g in a l tr eati e s whi c h he had cau s e d to be made w i th Mas s ac huse tts
in the ir b e ha l f, and l etter s r e l a t i ve to the s ame, and c harged the m to a lways
pr e s er ve the m as l ong as the tr i be exi s ted
The tr ibe ha s e ver s in c e the farewe l l vi s i t made it by Colonel Al lan
tre a sured the pa pe r s and d ocu me nts whi c h- he l e f t with them and whenever a
new Governor of the tr i b e i s e l e c te d the reti r ing Governor place s them in
hi s c harge to be by him che r i s hed and pre s er ve d and pas s ed ove r to hi s suc
c e s s or in of f ic e .
And a l ong with thi s l i t tl e tr i ba l ar chive i s also handed
d own through the gener a tions the s tory of the ir great benefactor and the pro
found l ove that the ir fathers had for him .
(From Sprague ' s Journ a l of Maine Hi s tory, Vol . 2 , No. 5 , Fe bruary 1 9 1 5 .
S u bmitted by Mr . Howard Smith, a d i r e c t d e s cendant of Col . John A l l an .
Ihe .
�rti c l e beg an in the November 1 9 67 i s sue of the News l e tter . - Ed . }
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GOVERNOR cur.. TIS C I -TE S INDIAN PROGRAMS I N
'EAr E t LJ ::' �
-' • • ' T
.
Indians are ano t her specia l group of citizen s who have been helped this
As the Indian Reserva tions have no local pr oper ty tax re venues, the
S t a te has a dis t in c t responsibil ity for providing
adequate governmen t serv i ce s .
A task force headed by the O . E . O . Direc tor s tudied the ways Federal
pro grams could '•enefit trites on t he Reserva tions.
Consisten t with this
approach, the legislature appropriated $ 304 , 700 as
the Sta te ' s share of a
federally -assisted hou s ing pro gram to cons t ru c t water and sewage facilities
on all t hree Reserva tions.
year.
Tribal housing au t hori ties have been estat lished that
will enaLle
the Indians to administer these systems and look to housing assis tance from
the U . S. Department of Housing and Urban Developmen t
.
Tne Catholic Church has organi zed, along wi t h some o t her agencies, a
Division of Indian Services to sponsor year-round reservation programs in
he al t h educa tion and secondary scho o l counseling.
by
( From the Report on State Governmental Activi ties, issued January 6 , 1 968
Gov. Kenneth l:l. Curt is - reprin ted from the Maine Sunday Telegram, 1 / 7 / 6 8 )
POS S IBLE PASSAMA UODDY 0-J - T PROGRA.11 GIVEN HIGH PRIORITY
A mid-December meeting wi th officials in charge of Manpower Development
and Training in l1aine brought out the fac t
tha t a lack of Federal funds will
force cancella t ion of MD TA basic educa tion courses.
It also brough t out
tha t
failure of the On-The-Job - Training Program t o b e funded i s holding u p top
priority programs tha t would be developed to help the disadvantaged in F ranklin
County and the Passamaquoddy Tribal Councils ' Community Action Program.
Governor Cur t is told the mee ting that
the fund shortage has created an
" extremely serious " situa tion.
He has wired mem ers of Congress urging their
.
suppor t in ob taining federal funding for con tinuation of programs at least a t
the same level a s previous years.
Randall Nichols, Maine Supervisor of t he Bureau of Apprenticeship and
Training , U . S .
Dep t . o f Labor,
t old t he mee ting tha t emergency funding should
be provided for at least three of
t hre e is one for
the most vital 0-J - T pro je c t s .
the Passamaauoddy
Tribal C oun cils'
Among these
Communi ty Action Program .
This is a proposed " c oupled' i 0-J - T pilot program to aid persons in t he
Indian communities of the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Reserva tions.
The d e t ails of the program would be developed by the CAP Commi t tee .
nature and magnitude of Indian poverty,
education and employmen t,
25
The
resul � from inade�ua te
demands a special approach as proposed by the pro j e ct.
This initial effort
would involve
Nichols said,
t o provide needed guidance and j o b -site training
t rainees and would cost approximately
(Extracted from �laine OEO News, Augusta, Me. ,
$ 30 , 000 .
Vo l . 1 ,
No .
9)
CAN ' T B4'\ME HORSE FOR HAVII�G COLD FEET
(UPI) - Horse-sense took on a new meaning at the Nava j o
snowbound f o r seve ral days by a fierce series o f bli z zards.
WHITEWATER , Ariz.
Reserva tion ,
An elderly Navajo ,
Sidney Yaz zie ,
trudged almost
10 miles through waist
de ep snow to Luy groceries at the Whitewater Trading Post.
trading post operator ,
Cal Foutz ,
The astounded
asked why he didn't ride a horse.
" Th e horse didn ' t want to go , " Yaz zie answered curtly.
(From the Por t land Evening Express ,
1 2/ 2 2/ E 7 )
DID YOU KNOW THAT
Herbert S. Sperry , former Princ e t on , Me . ,
Scho o l Superint enden t ,
is t he new
Dire c t or of t he Sta te Division of the Office of Economic Opportunit y ?
was named by Gov. Curtis t o replace former Direc t or Clyde Bartle tt .
He
�( 16 )
L . D . 1858 :
TUE S TORY OF A B OND I�SUF. P. U�.
"AN Ac t to Au thorize B ond I s sue in the Amoun t of $ 384 , 0 00 for Deve 4opment of
Educa t ion , Sewage and Water F ac i l i t i e s at Indian Re s erva tions"
" EDUCATION , DE PAR TMENT OF
Ind ian Scho o l s
Peno b s c o t Reserva tion
Ind ian Town ship Re serva tion
Pleasan t Po in t Re s erva tion
INDIAN AFFAIR S , DEPARTMENT OF
Ind ian Town ship Re servat ion . Pr inceton Area
Wa ter and Sewage Faci l i t ie s
.
$ 73 , 000
7 3 , 000
103 , 000
$ 24 9 , 000
$ 135 , 000"
"Sha l l the State provide for con s truc t ion and modernization o f s choo l
faci l i t ie s a t the three Ind ian reservat ion s and cons truct water and sewage
fac i l i t i e s at Ind ian Township Re s erva t ion ( at ) Pr inceton by i s su ing bond s in the
amoun t o f $ 384 , 000 , pas s ed at the Second Spe cial Se s s ion of the 103rd Legi s l ature ? "
- t o b e submi t ted " a t a special e ta te•wide e le c t ion to be he ld o n June 1 7 , 1968 " .
Thi s prop o s a l f ir s t s aw the l ight o f day in Governor Cur t is ' pro c lamat ion
c a l ling the S econd Special S e s s ion of the 103rd Legi s lature , which read fn part :
" Two b ond i s sue s for ( 1 ) re s idential fac il i t ie s at Maine Mar i t ime Academy and
F armington S ta te Col l ege ; and ( 2 ) water and sewage sys tem and educational fac i l
i tie s for the Indian Re servat ions ; "
In h i s addr e s s to the convent ion o f Senator s and Repres entatives on January
9 t h , the opening day o f the Spec ia l Se s s ion , Governor Cur t i s , in re ferring to
the Indian Re s ervation bond i s sue propo s a l , s aid :
" The second wou ld provide $ 3 84 , 000 as the S t a te ' s
contribu tion for water and sewerage sys tems at the Prince
ton Indian Re servat ion and for new Ind ian s cho o l s at the
Penob s c o t Re serva t ion , Pe ter Dana Poin t , and Pleas an t Point.
to r eplace the pre s en t o ld , crowded fac i l i t ie s .
The State
mus t accept the re s pon s ib i l i ty for rapid improvement in
educat ion o ppor tun i t i e s and l iving cond i t io n s on our Re ser
vations � "
L .D . 1 85 8 , the Indian bond i s sue b i l l , was r eferred to the Legi s la t ive
Commi t tee on Appropr i a t ions and Financial Affair s , chaired by Sena tor Ri chard
N . Berry (R-Cumber lan d ) and Repr e sentative Harold Bragdon (R- Perham) .· - Te s t imony
suppor t ing the b i l l was pre sented on January 10th by Mr. Omar Nor ton , representing
t he Dep t . o f Educat ion , and Commi s s ioner Edward Hinckley , Dep t . of Indian Affair s .
Commis s ioner Hinckley submi t ted t o the Commi t tee , i n add ition t o hi s ora l t e s t i •
mony , a wr i t ten s ta tement per t aining to t h e need for water and sewage fac i li t i e s
in the Prince ton area o f t h e Indian Township Re servat ion .
Information o n
both mea sure s had b e e n a l s o pre s ented t o the Appr opr iations Commi ttee at the
Legis l ature ' s r egular s e s s ion in January , 196 7 .
Very few que s t ions were a sked
by the Commi t tee memb er s ; Commi s s ioner Hinckley a s sured the Commi t tee that the
a c tual s it e p l ann ing of the sewage and water fac i l i t i e s would be conducted py
t he Indi an Town ship Pas samaquoddy Re s ervation Hous ing Authority , and that such
p lanning woul d have to mee t f ederal specifications for approval .
There was no
oppos'i tion to the b i l l expr e s sed at the hearing .
On January 1 8 th , the Appropr iations Commi t tee repor ted the b i l l out o f
Comnii t tee t o the Hous e o f Repre sentative s , wi th a unanimous Ought Not To Pas s
repor t .
Thi s meaQ t that a l l 1 0 members o f the CoDDDi t te e fel t that the Legi s
l ature s hou ld no t approve the b i l l .
The Commi t tee c@n s i s ts of 7 Repub licans
and 3 Democr atS:(Continued on
�f l 'I)
( Con t inue d from Pa ge l G }
U i �:�- ""t1 t debate, the House vo ted t o accept · the Com.rui t tee ' s r epor t .
LD te.r that
(D •Klngman ) , the b i l l ' s r:?on s or , made
a mo tion that the Hous e r e cons ider its action ( in accept ing the Oug h t No t To
Pas s r eport o f the Commi t tee ) .
Representative Catherine carswe l l (D � Por t land )
suppor ted this mo t ion , s aying tha t many Hou se member s aid no t under s t and the
oppo s i t ion to the b i l l and tha t they needed an extra day to look into the ma tter r
Repr e s entative Bragdon oppo s ed the mo tion , poin ting out that the Appropr i at ions
Commi t tee had g iven care ful cons ideration to the measure and had unanimous ly
agreed that the b i l l should no t pas s .
Repre sentative Rodney Scr ibner (D- Por t •
land ) a l s o oppo sed S t arb ird ' s mo tion f o r recons iderat ion .
Scr ibner sugges ted that there had been too l i t tle p l anning done on the
propo sed cons truction pro j e c t s and que s t ioned whe ther the Indian Affairs Depar t
ment could hand le any more cons truct ion pro j e c t s now other than the one s already
author ize d at Pe ter Dana Poin t , Pleasan t Point and the Penob scot Reservat ion .
He repor ted that i t had b een " informa l ly agreed that the sum o f $ 25 , 00 0 shou ld
be appropr iated to the Bureau of Pub lic Improvements to plan the se pro j e c t s . "
Mr . Starb ird sugg·e s ted than any p l anning requir�d could be done during
the t ime b e tween pas sage of the b i l l and the June e le ct ion , for examp l e , s o
that more time would n o t be los t .
He po in ted ou t that i f the b i l l author i z ing
the bond i s sue re ferendum were no t pas sed , " i t w i l l be two year s before we can
ge t to work ; two year s , two more year s for grade s choo l enro l lment ; two more
year s o f l a ck of adquate sewerage ; two more years of po l lution in a lake a long
Pr in ce t on S trip , a l l of the s e to continue in thi s snowbal l ing increas ing con
d ition . "
A ro l l call vo t e wa s reques ted by Mrs . Carswe l l and approved by a t l e a s t
one-fifth o f the mem er s o f t h e House .
The vo te on Repre senta t�ve S tarbird ' s
mot ion to reconsider the previous House acceptance o f the Commi t te e report was
Ye s : 5 1 ; No : 79 ; Ab sen t : 20 .
Accordingly , the b i l l was sent to the Senate
for concurrence .
Thursday afternoon , Governor Kenne th M. Curt i s i s sued a s tatemen t , urging
that the Legi s la ture pas s the bond i s sue b il l .
" The S tate of Maine , " said
Cur t i s , "has the prime re spon s ib i l i ty for improving the l iving condi tions o f
our f e l low c i t i zens re s id ing o n re s erva tions . "
Of special concern , s aid
Cur t i s , i s the fai lure o f the Appropr iations Commit tee and the House o f Repr e s
entative s to accept the b i l l - h e s tated that only favorabl e ac tion b y the
Maine Senate could keep the b i l l a live .
The b i l l re ached the Senate on the afternoon of the 1 8 th , where it was
tabled by Senator Hera ld a . 1Becke t t (R-Washing ton ) un til Fr iday , the 1 9 t h .
On t h e morning o f t h e 19th , t h e b i l l came u p f o r con s iderat ion in the
.
Senate .
Senator Becke t t made a mo tion that the b i l l be sub s t i tuted for the
repor t of the Appropr iations Commi t tee .
The Senator spoke at length in
suppor t o f his mo t ion , dicu s s ing the sewage and water pro j e ct s , and the s choo l
cons truct ion pro j ec t s , separate ly .
In d i s cu s s ing the Princeton " Strip" area of the Indian Township Re serva
t ion , Sen . Be cke t t accur a te ly d e s cr ibed the unsafe and i l legal condi tion s that
He empha s i zed the
exis t due to inade quate water and lack o f sewage fac il i t ies .
negat ive impre s s ion thJ t tour i s t s receive from trave ling through the Re s ervat ion
and s e e ing the se cond i t ions , and explained why �the locat ion was a des ireable
p lace for tr iba l members to l ive , in terms o f acce s s ib i l ity to j ob s in the near
He descr ibed the vo l�me of mai l which he ha s received a s Chair
by communit i e s .
man o f the Ind ian Affairs Commi t tee of the Legis lature , asking that s omething be;
done , and he e� p lained the impor tance of the proposed water and sewage fac i l i t ie G
t o feder a l ly"a s s i s ted hous ing programs which the Indian Township Hous ing Author� · . ·
i ty is reques t ing for the Re serva tion .
In d i s cuss ing the propo sed additions to the s choo l buildings on a l l thTee
Reservation s , Sen . Be cke t t descr ibed the needed fac i l i ties , emphas i z ing the
delapid ated cond i t ions of the s chool at Pe ter Dana Poin t and the overcrowded
(Continued on Page 1 8 )
cl ay , Re pr e sentative G l enn Starb ird , Jr .
·
�(18)
L . D . 1858 :
THE S TORY
( Continued from Page 1 7 )
•
•
•
•
cond i t ions ex i s t ing at Pleasan t Poin t , par ticular ly .
He explained th a ti
con
s truc t ion of the propo sed s choo l add i t ion s wou ld permi t , for example , such pro
grams as kind ergar t ens to b e s tar ted :
" The bui lding o f the se c las srooms and
t h i s mu l t ipurpo se room , whi ch cou ld be u s ed for kind ergar ten purpo se s , I think ,
wou ld be a gre at he lp in fur thering their educat ion .
You can imagine when
the se chi ldren come in on the firs t morn ing of school , the t eache r says ' Good
morning , children , ' and they are apt to say ' B ox we nox see lum , ' which I think
mean s ' What d id you s ay ? '
They don ' t unders tand the Eng l i s h language and they
are at a d i s advan tage t o s tart w i th . "
Senator B e cke t t read Gov . Cur t i s ' pr e s s s t atemen t to the Sena t e , and pre
s en t ed e ach senator with a copy o f a s t a tement from Commi s s ioner Logan and one
from Commi s s ioner Hinckley , further exp laining the pr opo sed bond i s sue b il l .
S ena tor B erry announced his suppor t o f Sen . Becke t t ' s mo t ion , and exp lained
that more in forma tion wa$ now ava i l ab l e on the b i l l t han had been pre sen ted to
t he Appropr iati9ns Commi t tee at the January 10th hearing .
Berry a l s o pointed
ou t how mu�h .money h ad been appropriated by the 102nd and 103rd Leg i s latur e s
f o r t h e Ind ian s o f Maine , and s aid : " The people o f t h e S t a t e o f Maine ar e concern
ed abou t the Ind ian prob lem and , if money can so lve i t , we cer tainly ar e trying
to s o lve i t .
I per sona l ly think that money wi l l not go a l l the way . "
Senator B erry a l s o expr e s sed cons iderab le concern over the f i scal manage
men t of the Dept . of Indian Affairs and cal led for appr�priate action to see
that Commi s s ioner Hinckley d id no t "run rampant over a l locat ions made by the
Leg i s l a tur e . "
Senator Becke t t ' s mo tion ( to sub s t i tu te the b i l l for the report o f the
Appropr i a t ions Commi t te e ) was furt her suppor ted by Senator Frank w . Ander son
(R- Hancock ) , Senator J . Ho l li s Wyman (R-Washington) , Sena tor 'nleodore s . Cur t i s
(R- Penob s co t ) , and Senator Pet er J . Far ley (D-York) , a l l o f whom spoke i n favor
of the mo t ion .
Whereupon , by a unanimous vo t e of 29-0 , the Senate vo ted t o
sub s t i t u t e the b i l l f o r the repor t .
Thi s decis ion o f the S enat e , d i sagre e ing wi th the Hou se ' s e ar li er accep tance
the b i l l had to be
of the negat ive Appropr ia tions Commi t te e repor t , me ·ant·
r e turne d to the Hous e .
Rep . Wal t er A . Birt
The b i l l was t aken up by t he Hous e on January 2 3rd .
(R-E . Mi l linocke t ) , a member o f the Appropr iat ion s Commi t te e , moved that the
Hous e "recede and concur with the Senate" - in o ther word s , r eve r s e i t s ear l ier
Rep . Harrison Ri chard
a c t ion and agree w i t h the Senate ' s acc eptance of t he b i l l .
son (R-Cumberland) , Maj or ity F loor Leader , a sked for unanimous House approval o f
Rep . Birt ' s mo t ion , as d i d Rep . Emi l ien A . Leve s que (D-Madawa ska ) , Minor ity F loor
Repr e sentatives S tarb ird and Car swe l l a l so spoke in favor of Rep . B ir t ' s
Leader .
mot ion ; a vo t e was taken , and the mo t ion was adopted by a vote of 1 2 2- 7 .
Final readings and pas sage o ccurre d shor t ly there a f ter , and o n January 26th
The fu ture of t he
t he bond i s sue bi l l was s igned in to l aw by Governor Cur t i s .
bond . i s sue , and t he fund s it wou ld provid e , now res t s with a l l the voters o f
the S ta t e o f Main e , who wi l l have a chance to regi s t er their opinion at the
s tate -wide e le c t ion on June 1 7 , 1968 .
·
PENOB S COT TRIBAL EDUCATION COMMITTEE NAMED
At a Penobscot Tr ibal Coun c i l mee t ing he ld on January 18th� Governor John
Mi t c he l l appo in ted a 3-member Tr ibal Educat ion Commi t te e , con s is t ing of S i s ter
Mary Norma , Chairman ; Vio l e t Shay and Tere s a Sappier
•
.Y
.
.. .
H
* � *
-
e,
FLASH - Ex-Penob scot VISTA , Harold ii sk:ip 11 · Farkas, now VISTA Leader for Main
J . Cour ser, daughter o f Mr . and Mrs . J am e s Courser
i s engaged t o marry Mi ss Susan
Su s an i s a s enior at Colby Colleg e , in Waterville . - FLASH
of Springvale .
�(19)
F IR S T ALL-DID IAH S COUT TROOP TO B E IPDUCTED
PR UTCE TOl'T - The f ir s t a l l - Ind ian Boy Scout troop on a Pas s am:: nuo ddy
Ind i an Re s erva t i o n w i l l be forma l ly indu c t e d into the N a t i onal
oy S c ou t o r g an
i z a t io n on F eb ruar y 1 3 a t
t he Pr inc e t on High S c ho o l gymna s ium .
The announ ceme n t wa s made Tu e s d ay t hrough S c outma s t er G i lb er t H e l l s of
Woo d l an d .
He l l s s a id he ex pec t ed tha t the char t e r wi l l b e pre s e n t e d b y an
o f f ic ia l r e pr e s en t a t ive o f t he Katahd in Are a Coun c i l t o the n ew coun c i l troop
numb er 148 , w h i c h wi l l b e o f f i c ia l ly r e c ogn i zed a s " Pa s s ama quoddy Ind ian R e s e r
v a t i o n Un i t Numb er l. " • • •
' ;Governor Kenn e th M .
Cur t i s and Commi s s ioner o f Ind ian A f f a ir s Edward
Hin c k l ey are b o t h very much e n t hu s e d about the forma t ion of this f ir s t a l l
Ind i an s cou t un i t , and w e are expe c t ing a per sona l me s s age from the gove rnor
dur ing the o f f i c ia l indu c t ion , " ·Je l l s s aid • • • •
The s c ou tma s t er exp l ained that t he un i t wi l l be made up o f s even c har t e r
memb e r s w i t h the ir age s r ang ing from 1 1 to 1 6 .
" B y the e n d o f t h e year , we
exp e c t to have 1 5 s c ou t s from the (Ind ian Town ship Re s erva t io n ) to make up
Un i t 1 , 1 1 He l l s exp l a ine d .
Thi s wi l l be known as the 1 9 6 7 pro j e c t , s in c e i t
was b e gun l a s t f a l l w i t h We l l s me e t ing with the Ind i an peop l e a t Pe ter Dana
Po i n t and with the par i s h pri e s t .
The 1 9 6 8 pr o j e c t wi l l g e t und er way l a t e next fa l l at
the
Pleasan t Poi n t
R e s ervat i on w i th t h e f o rma t ion o f • : Pa s s amaquoddy Ind ian R e s erva t ion Un i t Number
W i t h both
2."
t he ir own power
Town ,
in
the Pr i n c e t o n and Perry r e s erva t ion un i t s
.•J e l l s exp e c t s
fun c t io n ing und er
Ind ian I s land ,
to b e g i n a t hird un i t at
in Old
the fa l l of 1 9 6 9 .
·Je l l s , uho b e c ame a Boy S cout in Eng l and in 1 9 2 6 ;
and was
a Cub Scout
has been pioneer ing in s e t t ing up s cou t t r o o p s and condu c t ing
b e fore t ha t ,
s c ou t ing pro j e c t s over a 30 -year period •
•
� S ince b e ing i n Washing t on Coun ty
for l i t t le more than a year , �e l l s has a c qu ired a $ 1 5 0 donat ion from the Long
I s l and ,
ate
�. Y . ,
Kiwan i s
Club and $ 2 5 0 from a New Haven ,
Conn . , bu s ine s s as s o c i
( to he l p suppor t t he Ind ian s c ou t organ i z a t ion s ) .
(From the B angor D a i ly News ,
2/ 1 /68)
HI JCKLEY ORDERED TO TREAD LINE ON MONEY
AUGUS TA
iDDlled i a t e
- The dire c tor o f Ind ian Affairs was t o ld Fr iday to t ake
to ke e p d e p ar tme n t a l spending wi thin the le g i s l ature ' s appro pr i
l e g i s l a t ive s p e c i a l se s s ion covered a n $ 1 8 , 000 d e f i c i t the de par t
(AP)
s t ep s
a t ion .
The
But l awmaker s r e fu s ed
men t had incurr ed i n the f i r s t ha l f o f the f i s c a l year .
to appropr i a t e the ad d i t ional $ 30 , 000 thi s ye ar and $48 , 000 next ye ar t he d e
par tmen t s a id was n e c e s s ary .
Edward C . Hi n c k l e y t o ld the l eg i s la tor s and s t a t e o f f i c i a l s he wou ld cut
spend in g t o avo id a fur ther d e f i c i t bu t that i t wou ld mean a redu c t ion i n what
he con s ider s min imum programs .
" I p lan to l e t t he Ind i an s d e c id e where the c u t s sha l l be made ; the y ' re
the one s who ar e g o ing
to be hur t , 1 1 Hinckley s aid .
c a l l ed by Sen . Ri chard N . B erry , R - Cape E l i zabe t h ,
l eg i s lat ive appropr i a t i on s commi t t e e , who expr e s s ed concern
abou t over - s p end ing .
B erry s aid he wa s surpr i s e d t ha t no t on ly the d epar tme n t
head but a l s o t he g overnor and exe c u t ive coun c i l and the finance coDDll i s s ioner
The in forma l s e s s i on was
cha irman o f
the
and bud g e t o f f i cer c ou ld be unaware a de f i c i t .was be ing c r e a t e d .
F i nance Commi s s ioner Maur i c e F . Wi l l iams s aid Maine ' s a c coun t ing s y s t em
W i l l i ams
is ade qu a t e ' no t o n ly to r e cord • • • b u t to contro l s t a te expend i ture s . "
t o ld Ber ry and o th e r s at t he s e s s ion t ha t " t he t hing we can ' t con t r o l i s human
11
weakne s s - peo p l e who d e l ib er a t e ly c ircumven t our con�ro l s .
Hinckley d e n i e d tha t he was de l ib er a t e ly c ir cumvent ing c on tro l s or law .
( Cont inued on Page
20)
�( 20 )
(Cont inued from Page 1 9 )
H e s a�d that when Ind ian a f f a i r s wer e hand led by t h e He a l th a n We �fare Depar t
� � t , s u c h over - spend ing w a s covered b y tran s fers wi thin that d epar tment ' s
appropr ia t ion s .
Hinckley t o ld the me e t ing the d epar tmen t is as s i s t ing 60 Penob s co t and
1 1 0 Pa s s ama quoddy ( c as e s ) with we l fare needs .
(From the Bangor Da i ly News , 2 / 3-4/ 68 )
OEO GRANT APPROVED F OR INDIANS
PERRY - Ar chie La Coo te , ( Fa s s attaquoddy Ind ian Communi ty Ac tion Program
d ir e c tor ) repor ted t hat he has rec e ived no t i f i ca t ion of approva l of an Off ice
of E conomic Oppor tun ity grant in the amoun t of $ 9 6, 7 1 3 . 00 , which g ives the "Go"
s i gn for d eve l opment o f the C . A . P . program a lready submi t ted to and approved
by the OEO o ff i ce in New York , for the improvement of the Indian commun i t ie s .
A t the regu l ar mon thly mee t ing o f the Pas s ama quoddy Commun ity Act ion
Program board of d irec tor s at Pleasan t Poin t , Sunday aft ernoon , it was announced
that Linwood Sapie l , cha irman of the board , had r e s igned in ord er to take over
du t ie s as C . A . P . hou s ing coord inator for the group .
Gov . John S t evens w i l l
r ep lace S ap i e l as C . A . P . chairman .
LaCoote a l so repor te d that John Ni cho las of Pleasant Point and Morr i s
Brooks o f Princ e t on wi l l b e sent t o a spe c ial s choo l for a s s i s tant C . A . P . d ix ec
Clas s e s are schedu led to begin February 19 .
tor s a t a co l lege in Mad i s on , W i s c .
They were
Two new member s wer e we lcomed to the C . A � P . board Sunday .
Mrs . Pot t le
Mr s . Barb ar a Kend a l l and Mr s . Virginia Po t t le , bo t h of Perry .
Others a t tend ing the board mee t ing
was a s s igned to t he pub l i c i ty commi t tee .
wer e Ri ta A l t avat er , C . A . P . board s e cre tary ; Sandra Pot t le of Perry and George
S tevens of Prince ton .
(From the B angor Dai ly News , 1 / 2 3 / 68 )
FROM HERE A ND THERE
" Paul E . I Parks , De an of S tud ent s , Eas tern Maine Vocat iona l - Te chn ical
In s t i tu te , announced F r iday the f o l l owing s tuden t s had b e en named t o the Dean ' s
list
Au tomot ive Te chno logy : Owen Lo lar - 3 . 4 7 aver age ; Elec tronic s : Jeffrey
Both members o f the
(Bangor Dai ly New s , 2/ 3-4 /68 .
Gos l ine - 3 . 35 average . "
Penob s c o t Tr ib e , and both Freshmen , Owen i s t he son of Mr . and Mrs . Henry Lo lar ;
Je ffrey is the son of Mr . and Mr s . Erne s t Go s l in . - Ed . )
•
•
•
•
Mr s . LaDonna Harr i s (Comanche ) , wife o f U . S . Senator Fred R . Harr i s of
Oklahoma , has been named chairman of the recent ly organ i zed Women ' s Advisory
20 prominen t women serve on the commi t tee , whi ch wa s
Coun c i l on Poverty .
Mrs . Harr i s founded
formed at the inv i t a t ion o f OEO Direc tor Sargen t Shr iver .
(See Page 1 2 , Apri l 1967 i s sue . -Ed . )
Okl ahomans for Ind ian Oppor tun i ty in 1 9 65 .
·
Mi s s Crys t a l A . Sha f fer , f i f th-grade s tudent on t he Penob s co t Re servat ion ,
r e cent ly won a red r ibbon in the s t a te -wide App le Ar t Con t e s t of the S ta te
Daugh ter of Mr s . Roxanne Shaffer , Cry s t a l is a s tu
Depar tme n t o f Agr icu l t ure .
On ly 80 pr i z e s were awarded among some 2 , 000 entr ies .
dent of S i s t er Mary Norma .
The Pas s amaquoddy Indians o f Pleasan t Point wi l l par t icipate , on Augus t 1 1 ,
i n a week- long c e l ebrat ion o f the 1 50th birthd ay o f t he Town o f Perry , which be
gins on Augu s t 4 th .
Th e new ly-formed Ind ependent Po s ta l Sy s tem o f America (Ok lahoma City) ,
which on February 1 s t began �ha l lenging the U . S . Po s t Office Departmen t in the
d e l ivery o f 3rd c la s s mai l , wi l l hire a subs tanial number of Ok lahoma Ind ians
for i t s p l anned nat ion-wide de l ivery sys tem.
�- 21 *
- -
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c
PLEAS ANT POIN T NEvi 3
Mb.RY YAR11AL ,
Re p o r t e r
C ongra t s t o S t an i s laus & B e t t y C raig Bai le y . We d J a n 19, 1968 .
Re c e n t ly G ov. J o s e ph Mi t c he ll v i s i t e d his daugh t e r hr s . Lar i on
G r e e n and fami l y in New Je r s e y.
B e lat e d S ympa thy t o f r i e nds and re la t i v e s o f Noe l S o c o b y, de c e as e d .
January 2 , 1968 .
D r . B i l l da lke r and B ob Hadd e n w e r e v i s i t ors last mon t h ; we init ia t e �
t hem t o a ska t i n g par t y.
On Januar y 15 , 1968 I s t at t e d as a C omwun,kk7 Ai de un d e r epe r qt i on
ain S t r e am , Pe n ob s c o t C oun ty C . A . P .
·- · )
-oT ICE
OT ICE
N OT ICE
NOT ICE
CENSUS is b e ing t aken a t Ple asant Poin t .
Any o f f - r e s e rvat i on
Ind ians wishing family memb e rs t o be add e d t o t he C e nsus ,
Please
send n ame s and �ge s t o :
Mrs . Nar y S o c oby Yarl.Jal, J3 ox 239, Pe r r y , Mai ne .
Thank y o u.
x
x
x
x
1- ORE NE�IS
Elizab e th
S t an l e y a ls o s e n t word on N oe l S o ckoby ' s d ea t h , adding
he was f 2MPd1 d e ad at his h owe a t Ple asan t Poin t , and that t h e flie d i c a l
Examine r 7 E e d i e d o f a heart at ta c k .
An t h ony R e x T h omas , f r om t h e V IS TA , w i l l b e t e a c hing at Pleasant
on H i gh S c h o o l F:qu iva le n c y t e s t s f o r t h is c oL1ing Apr i l .
Anyb ody
h o !'li s h e s t o t · c e par t in this Pr ogram may d o s o i n ord e r t o ge t
h is or h e r dipl oaa , C las s e s f i ll be h e ld at the t r ib a l hal l e v e r y
Tue sday - Thursday n i gh t s a t 7 P . M . f o r t h o s e w h o a r e liv i n g at Ple asan t
Po int .
A CH A N CE TO HELP
P o in t
An yb ody w is h ing t o d onate or he lp t h e Pas s amaq u o d r y Ind ian c h ildre n
on gam e s are urge d t o d o s o . Game s are nee de d f or use during t h e w in t e r
on ths and dur i n g t he s umme r .
An y o f the f o ll owing lis t of game s ma y b� sent :
Ping Pong , B ad miin t o n·
gaoe , D ar t game , C he cke rs , Jvionop o ly, S cralhle , Nouse T rap game ,
Pac he s i , and e qu ip� e n t f or S e cke r game .
The s e game s may b e s e n t t o E lizab e t h M . S t an le y
C ommun i t y c t i on A i d e ,
Pleasant Poin t ,
Pe rry, r ·aine 04667
_ -
x
x
x
x
We d ne s day, January 24t h t h e G ov e r n o r ' s C o un c il c on f i rme d s e v e ra l
Among \
o f G ov. C ur t is ' s n ominat i on s t o fill o f f i c e r s ar ound t h e s t a t e .
t he s e . was He l e n G o s lin o f Old T ovm ,Re.g i s t r a t ior l C ow 1is s i on e r o f I n d ian
Is land.
x
x
x
x
�- 22 ( T he f o l l owing in f orma t i on w s r e c e iv e d in N ov e wb e r , b ut a f t e r
the
Nov e mb e r i s s ue was pr int e d and r e ady f or dis t r i b u t i on .
S in c e D e c .
w a s t o o l c;. t e t o b e ne f i t anyone and s i n c e t he D e c e u1b e r is s u e w2.s s o
l o n g , I de c id e d i t was b e s t t o wait un t i l t h i s m on t h . -E d)
D e ar Mr s . T homps on :
As a s t ud e n t of t he Ins t i t u t e o f Ame ri can Indian Ar t s in S an t a Fe ,
I t hi nk i t ' s o n l y r igh t t o s e e t hat Pas sanaquo ddy Indian s are repre s e n t e d
in t he l i s t ings o f In d ian C h r i s t mas c ar ds .
I ap�ar e n t ly n e gle c t e d t o
i n f orm t h e M . I . N . L . las t ye ar when I d e s i gn e d a n Indi&n C h r i s t mas card
f e a t ur i ng aut h e n t i c Indian pe t r o Glypths .
Many of t h e 0e cards we re
s e n t to all pa r t s o f t h e c o untry and plainly s t a t e on the reverse side
t ha t t he y CTe r e d e s i gne d b y a Pas s amaquoddy In di an . The s e c ards w i l l be
a gain avai lab l e as s o on as I hav e t i �e to print t he m .
It may i n t e r e s t memb e r s o f t he t r ib e that a 1 1 Pas sai.ia q u od d y 1 1 is t h e
e le c t e d Pre s id e nt o f t , e s t ud e n t S e na t e a t t he Ins t i t u t e o f Ame r i c an
I
Ind ian Ar t s whi c h r e gu lat e o v e r ' 3 000. 00 o f s c h o o l a c t iv i t y funds .
a l s o o q.'.an i z e d a band w h i c h is s u c c e s s fu lly playin g at vari ous Pue b l o
v i l l a ge s n e ar S an t a F e .
S o t he Pas s awaquoddy t r ib e i s n ' t t o t a lly un - r e �re se n t e d .
T h o s e w h o w i s h a s ample -pr o o f o f the C h r i s tmas cards may wr i t e
t o me h e r e a t t he In s t i t u t e .
My t hanks go t o t h e
aine Indian N e w s l e t t t) r whi c h h&s un fai l ingly
s e n t c opie s t h i s pas t ye ar .
S in c e r e ly ,
R o ge r J . Gab r i e l ( Passamaquod dy)
Ins t . Ame r . Indian �r t s
C e r r i l l o s R oad
S an t a Fe , New Mexi c o 87501
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
ADDIT ION TO BAPT I S T CHURCH
N or d has b e e n r e c e iv e d that an add it ion has b e e n· c omple t e d on the Bap t i s t
C hur c h on Indian Is land .
The Pa s t or o f t he c hur c h i� Rev . Fre d Ludwig .
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
T h e Nav a j o
Th e Nava j o Indian s hav e r e c e iv e d h e lp o f vari ous kinds dur ing and s i n c f
t h e r e c e n t b li z zard whi c h s w e p t o v e r t h e Re s e r va t i on . B u t t h e y c o u l d
s t i l l u s e more h e lp .
I und e r s t and g o o d c l o t hing is one t h ing t h e y
c ou l d u s e .
A n y o f o u r r e ad e r s w h o w ou ld like t o h e lp out an o t h e r
Ga llup C o1Ill11u ni t y In dian C e n t e r
Ind i a n T r i b e m a y s e nd t h ings t o e i t h e r :
a nd/or t h e C a t h o l i c Ind ian C e n t e r, b o th a t Ga llup, N e w Me xi c o . 87104.
X
X
X
·X
X
X
X
La s ·t mon t h t h e New s le t t e r s t a t e d t h e int e nt ion t h is m on t h o f
w r i t in g a n ar t i c l e r e ga rd i n g t h e Pas sa maquoddy Indians a s v ie w e d from
'
s l i d e s s h own in a N e w York C i t y C h u r c h , f r om i n f orma t i on sent to t he
N e ws le t t e r b y Jvir . G e orge La Po r t e .
mht t his ar t i c le as we l l as the
i n t e nd e d a r t i c le on t h e Pine Tree Lega l As s i s t a n c e mus t b e he ld o f f
u n t i l n e xt m on t h.
S 9r r y .
D o n ' t f or g e t t o s e nd in your n e w s
a n d a r t i c le s .
�Pir.·-. : t··e t
���0 £ �R PTI C:J POJ .i:;y
,
'1�
_
-·
•
04 03 2
.. .
.
EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 1968
0 .!}:::-:., {\
fN
Indian
Non- Indian (Regular )
"
(Contr ibu ing )
11
( Suppor t ing)
( Li fe t ime )
- FREE
$ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
-$ 10 . 00/year
-$50 . 00
•
If you are a NON- INDIAN , wherever you
l ive , f i l l out and send in the sub
scr ipt ion s lip (be low) WITH the appro
pr iate amoun t .
Your subB cr iption
w i l l begin wi t h the nex t avai lab le
i s sue af t er your subs cr ipt ion is
received .
The addr e s s lab e l s indicate the s ta tu s
" I-F" means
o f your sub s cr ipt ion .
" Indian-Free . "
The abbreviation of a
mont h (JAN) is the t ime - next year your subscrip t ion fee wi l l again be
due .
� w i l l BQ! ge t � individual
expirat ion no t ice , � be �!
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - -
I would l ike to r e ce ive regular monthly i s sue s o f the Maine Indian New s let ter :
NON-I ND IAN
DATE
__
ADDRESS
--�------�-�-
-------
INDIAN__
TRIBE
( S tre e t , or Po s t Off ice B ox )
-------
AMOUNT ENCLOSED ; $
_
_
_
_
_
(City
S tate
Z IP Cod e )
Sub s cr ipt ion rat e s : Indian -0- ; Non-Indian - $ 2 , (Regular ) , $ 5 (Con tr ibuting ) ,
$ 10 { Suppor t ing ) , $ 50 (Life t ime )
Send this s l ip , with your sub s cript ion charge , i f appl icab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSY.ETTER
Pine S tree t , Freeport , Maine
040 3 2
- - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - -- � -� - - � - - - - � - - - - - - - - - - - - - � -
Don ' t forget your ZIP Code !
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSIE T�R
Pihe Str ee t
Freepo rt, Maine
4 32
BULK RATE
u .�.
POSTAGE
3 . 6¢ PAID
Fre epC" rt , Maine
.33
Permit Ne
•
ADDRESS CORRECT ION
REQUESTED
Co lby Co l l•a• Libr
1
Colby Col lea•
Vaterrill e , Mabe 0490
1
JD
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Jan. 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-01
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-464
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/40ba4e0a1d879dc8472f2f92f4dab14e.pdf
9c56d0b8e97722d2ad27fc92a7fef70e
PDF Text
Text
��������������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (Jan. 1972)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1972-01
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Siobhan Senier
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Date Available
Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available.
January 3, 2016
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Bowdoin College
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-371
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/876e58e5fbec5a4ac7b9b3cc5ea38066.pdf
c8d2684260fdaa41d39d0ec575b5012f
PDF Text
Text
������������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (June 1969)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Bowdoin College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1969-06
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Siobhan Senier
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
June 3, 2016
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-365
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/800cd114335eda0dc2f2056dac93f1af.pdf
8b49756bbf55a823a4330eecfe8115e5
PDF Text
Text
E
MARC H 1967
APR
CGb
..
PENOBSCOTS DEPLORE PROPOSED
INDIAN AFFAIRS BUDGET C UT
gf
�
ans on t he Penobsc ot R e s erv nion h ope t h a t t h e Le gislature will not approve G ov. Kenne t h M . Cur t is' re commended cnr. in the
propose d bud ge t of the D e partme n t o f Ind ian A f f airs.
T he Indians we re op t imis t ic a ye ar ago when the ir own d e par tme n t
was cre a t e d .
"We w orke d long and hard f or this , " accor ding t o Pe n obs c o t Tribal
G ov. J ohn M . Mi tche ll .
Maine is t h e only s t a t e in the coun try t o have a S t a t e D e part me n t
'of Indian Affairs. C on gre s s i onal d e l e gate� and tribe s f r om o t he r s t a t e s
have alre ady e xpre s s e d a n i n t e r e s t i n t h is new appr o a c h t o Indian Af f airs.
Some fe de ral officials are als o v e ry in t ere s t e d in d e v e l o pme n t s in Maine .
It was the inten t of the new d e partme n t t o impr ove c on di t i on s on the
re s e rv a t i ons , in par t , by c r e a t i n g p os i t i ons f or the Indian whi c h w ou l d
b o t h help w i th govern i n g the tribe s a n d t o b o o s t e c o n omy .
O t he r propos e d pos it ions , s u c h as a h ousi ng and c on s t ruc t i on o f f i c e r ,
w ou l d be e s s e n tial if a .h ous i n g pr o gram were t o be adminis t e r e d on any o f
t he re s e rv a t i ons .
T h e fe deral gover nme n t w o u l d fund s uch a pro gram and
t he s ta t e would pay admin is tra t i o n and re la t e d s ervice s .
Indian Affairs C ommis s i on e r Edward C . Hinckle y has said that his d e
par t m e n t h a s b e e n l imi t e d 'by a relat iv e ly smal l budge t t o · t r e a t i n g on ly
"sympt oms" o f t h e problem d uring the :fir s t ye ar .
.
T r ibal leaders declare that it would be imposs ible f or the d e par t
me n t to f unct i o n as m·iginally intePcl'ed. ; i f t h e· Le gis l� t ure approve s t he
stc:1.t.e 's L'ecommcwlcd cut s.
S ome o f the d e par tment 1 � r e que s t s in t he Par t
lI lmdget ( ope rat ing f unds f o r improveme n t s and e xpans i on of s e rvi c e s )
·have be e n cut 100 per ce n t .
Erne s t Gos lin , Pen obscot Tribal C ouncil membe r , poin t e d out t ha t
"the salar ie s o f t h e commis s ion e r , t w o agen t s , an d a s e cre t ary , as we l l
a s office e quipme nt, t e leph one , and t ravel expense s a l l c ome from the
appropriat i on . S o de re gu lar s e rv ice s s uch as f ire pro t e ct i on , plowi n g
a n d rubbish remova l. T h i s d oe s d e p le t e the appr opriat ion s omewha t . "
According t o Triba l Gove rn o r Mitc�ell , 11t he s t at e bud ge t re c omme n da
t i ons so cut the D e partment ot Indian A f fairs' pr opo s e d•bud ge t t h a t i t
woul d be d ifficult for the departme n t t o maint.ajn e xisting s erv ice s , much
l e s s to do anything n e w.
Le gislat ive approval of t h e pr opo s e d bud ge t cut
would d e ny the Indian a j us t place in s oc ie ty, With an inade qua te bud
ge t
t he Indian mus t e n dure the embarras sment t h a t he is a ward und e r a
t rus tee ,
rather t han a be n e ficiary to a trus t. How, t h e n , can the image
o f the
Indian as a pe rpetual failure be e rase d?"
( Con tinue d on Page 2)
�( 2)
PENOBSCOTS DEPLORE
C UT
( Continued f r om Page 1 )
•
•
•
Mitc hell n o tes t ha t a n exten s i on o f the present water a n d sewer lines
and the c ons truct i on: of a c ommu n i ty bui ldin g are to_p pr i o r ity i terns ·f or
t he resictents o f the PenobRc ot R�servation .
There are presently 11 h omes w ith nei t her water nor sewerage d i s p o s al .
S ome o f these f am ilie s c urry water f r om a "fau cet house" .
T here is al
a wel l from whi c h five famj.lies draw water.
In addi t i on t o rel ieving
hardship f or these people , Mit c he l l p oints o u t that a new l ine would make
ava i l ab le new h o use l ots . F urthermore, t here are only f our.£ire hydran t s
on t h e is land , wh i c h is three and one-hal f mi les � n c ir c um feren ce. One
hydrant in the Oak H i l l area serves 24 h omes . T his is an obvious s a fety
h a z zar d .
Pen obs c ot Reservation water and sewerage is listed qui te h i gh �n t he
over a l l state c onstr u c ti on budget .
I f i t remains in this pos iti on, ther.e
is a g o o d c hance that the pr o j ect wi ll b e f un ded .
On the other hand, c on
s t r u c ti on of a c ommunity bu i ld i n g is a very l ow pr o j ect in t he overa l l
bud get and i t i s extremely unlikely that funds wi l l b e avai lable i f the
cut is approved .
Pen obs c ot Indians want a new buildin g t o replace the o l d T ribal Ha l l .
T he T r iba l H a l l presen t ly serves the c ommunity f or numer ous func t i ons .
Monthly c ounc i l meetings , genera l meetin gs, c h u r c h ga t her in gs, weddings ,
dan c es, and va rious you th ac tivities are a l l held there .
It would be a
t remend ous as set t o the c ommun i t y to have pleasant and modern s ur r oundings
f o r these func t i ons .
Fur t hermore , a n.ew bui lding c ould be a base f or �r o grams and improve
ments whi c h Mit c hell hopes to init iate d uring his term as govern o r .
In h i s inagura l ad dres s , ii t c he l l c i ted the need for a better you t h pro
gram and a c entra l o f f i ce f or t r ibal rec ords and statistic s . He envi s ions
a new building t h a t w ou ld make satis faction of these needs pos s ible and
serve t he c ommu n i t y in other ways as wel l .
A c ommun i t y building c ou ld be a center f or youth a c tivities o f a
s c ale and nat u re n o t pr acti c a l in t he o l d hal l . A c entr a l o f f i c e where
treatias and other d o c ument s w o u l d be preserved and open to inspec t i on
c ou l d be h oused in t he bui l d ing.
Presently s u c h papers are in t he possess
i on o f pas t and presen t t ribal o f f i c ials and s t ored, in s ome c ases, in
c ardboard b oxes .
A sec t i on o f the bui lding c ou ld c on t ain an I ndian museum .
Many va l
uable reli c s are f ound l o c ally and s ol d out of s t ate . S u c h artifac ts
c ou ld be purchased , ins tead, by t he t r ibe and displayed.
The d on ati on
t o the t r ibe of at leas t one f ine Ind ian rel i c c ol lection h as· been dec l in
e. d bec a use o f l a c k of f a c i l ities .
Mitchell emphasizes that the c reation
o f s u c h a museum w ou l d be a great help to s h ops on the i s land , and a lso
a t ou r i s t a ttrac t i on for the wh o le state .
A l ibrary w o u l d be an o t her p os s ibi l i t y .
Here again, it has been ne
c es s ary t o refuse o f fers o f bo oks .
( A p h o t ograph ac c ompan ied this ar t i c le w h i c h sh owed S tephen Paul
leavin g t he " fa u c e t h o use" at Pen obs c ot Ind ian Reservat i on at O l d T own ,
a fter d r awin g water f or h i s f ami ly . T he faucet serves s ix f amil ies . )
( Fr �m t he:Portland S unday T elegram, Mar c h 12, 1967, A r e a C or resp on d
en t , C harlene M . H a ll)
o
is by not Beck, order your for (See�
INDIANItTALES,stillHoracetooP. late. tofrom athereviewcopy of GLUSI<AP THE LIAR & OTHER
of this
Indian Newsletter, Vol. I, !-!o for Newsletter, book.)
6,
$5 . 95.
�FTiASH - FL.A.SH - FLASH - FLASH - FLASH .- . FLApH - FLASH - FLASH - FIASH - FLASH
Freeport
-
LATE EDITORIAL NEWS
the arrival of
WILLD.M QUTIJCY
Cn !t:arch 24th, Editor Eugenia Th o::np s o n reports
THOMPSON, checking in at 8 pounds, 15 ounceslU11
EDI TORIALS
THE JviAINE IND IAN NEJ'JSLETTER
EDITOR
E UGEN IA T. THOMPSON
( Pen obs c o t )
The Maine Ind ian News let t er is Maine'G only state-w�de Indj�n ncwBl����r ,
and is free o f c harge.
I
News an d s t ories may be submi t t ed t o the New s le t ter by t he 15th o f eac h
mon t h f or pub l i c at ion at the f ollowing address:
Pine St reet
Freeport, Maine 04032
(Teleph one:
865-4253)
Let t ers t o the· Ed i t or are wel c ome but mus t c on f orm t o the rules
required by every newspaper .
T hey mus t bear t he writer ' s c orre c t name
and addres s alth ough pen names are perwi t tcd at t he discre t i o n o f t he
E d i t or. All let t ers mus t be signed th ough names will be w i thheld from
publ i cat i on on req ues t . Preferen ce wi ll be given to let ters n o t over 350
w ords in len gt h .
Let ters are sub jec t t o c ondensat i on or e d i t i n g when
s pace l imi tat i ons require and to c orrec t i on of gr�mmer or o b v i ous err ors.
*
*
*
*
•
*
ED ITOR IAL
The New s le t ter submi t s that it was un t h inki ng and unreasonable t o
reduce the Ind i�n Af fairs (.art I I ) and C on s t ru c t i o n budge t s from �263,315
t o $60,000 f or the next t w o years .
�e feel t hat our Indians s h ould n o t
take a back seat t o s u c h a " c u t "
We feel t hat o ur I ndians are people who s h o uld be given the same
advan tages as o t her c i t i zens.
It is true th�t the s tate has a treat y wit h
i t s Ind ians t o �rov ide certain serv i ces, sut�as heal t h , educat ion,
and welfare , but this s h o uld n o t mean the Ind ian would carry t he sarue
burden as a welfare recepien t . The Indians are a se gmen t o f o ur pop
u la t i on wh o have iden t i f iable problems whic h , even if they were n o t I n
d ian , s h o uld c on cern us , and whi c h should bear tendi n g. T hese iden t i
f iable problems are lac k o f running wat er , lac k of sewerage s ys tetas ,
. lack o f adequate p olice and f ire pro tec t i o n , lac k o f adequate h ous i ng,
things whi c h mo s t :Maine c i t izens take f or gran ted .
Wh i le we ought t o give bac k t o t he Ind ian measure f or £Lteasure, we
s urely can make a s tart in prov i ding f unds f or the3e pro jec t s .
Neces sary
t o man t hese pro j e c t s are:
Hous ing and C on s t ruc t ion Offi cer , So c ial �ork
er II , t w o Ac c ount C lerk I ' s , S o c ial �·welfare O f f i cer , and Ec on omi c ·a nd
Human Devel opment Of ficer, Many of t he needs o f the I nd ians w�ll be
lef t un f u l f i lled and uncared f or as l ong as we put �ff providing t he
people neces sary t o train and as s i s t our In dians to re-develop t heir
as well as o ur own heritage .
Many o f the I nd ian neeJs are n o t merely f inanc ial , yet t he ohly way
t h. e se needs will ever be met is by our spend in · . en ough rnoney t o prov i de
t he kind o f people t o s o lve t hese problems . A s �all �art o f t he .bud get
.( $2500) is t o pro v ide f or an i n c rease in the C 0Illli1 iss i.Jner ' s salary. We
feel t h i s is necessary because we s h o uld n o t expec t anyone t o s tay on
w i t h o u t t hi s t ype o f in cent ive . Any bus inessman would agree t o t h is ,
(Cont inue d on· Page 4 )
I'm s ure.
AN
•
.
�(4)
( An E d i t or i a l c on t ' d f r om page 3)
We r e a lize t hat the Le gis la t ive C om it t e e on ·Appropr ia tions raa;t n o t
f e e l t h e y c an r e in s t a t e t h e wh o l e Indian Af fairs budge t a s it should be ,
h oweve r , even t h o ugh t he D e pa r t me n t of I ndian Af fairs is a swa l l
d e pa r t me n t, i t s budge t s h o u l d be given the same c onsid e r ation a s w i l l be
g ive n t h e o t h e r s t a t e d e partme n t a l budge t s . hs mueh as p o s s ible s h o u l d
b e r e ins t at e d i n the I nd ian budge t i f the progr e s sive beginn ing Jade b y
t h e 102nd Le'gis la t ure is t o be c on t inue d.
Th e I n dians in Maine w i l l c ont inue to draw a t t e n t i on to the S t a t e ;
we f e e l t hat r e ins t a ting t h e budge t will e nable the I ndians t o impr ove
t he ir l o t and w i l l bring the r igh t kind of public i t y to the s t a t e
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
GUEST ED ITORIAL
Th e w o r d " Pove r ty" has be e n p opular ize d by The G r e a t S o c i e ty, ye t a
c opper-co l ored pe ople who o n c e r oame d wit hout r e s t rain t t h i s vast are a
w e r e cognize as a �epublic , f e l t the pangs of pove r t y as have n o o t h e r
pe ople , who a c q uir e d their plight b y t h e a c quisition o f t h e i r lan ds and
u11j11"'t e xploj tation.
Th e minds o f many are be c oming e n ligh t e ned by our nat i onal t re a tment
o f the Ame r i c an Ab origine s .
H e r e and t h e r e have be e n champions who have
made e l o q u e n t appe als in be ha l f of t he R e d B r o the r .
Any one reading
the bril lian t ly writ t e n "Br oke n Pe a c e Pipe s " re c ognizes in the a u t h o r
a c hampi o n o f t h e Indian .
To r e a l l y be a u t i f y Ame r i c a , le t us first r e c tify our r e s e rvation
e r r ors, by giving aid as boun ifully and trus t f ul ly as we do abr o ad , t o
Indian l e ade r s , that ThRY a t t h e ir descre tion use s u c h t o re s t ore
r e se rvat i ons to places o f s u ffic ienc y and s e c u r i t y for t h o s e c on c e rn e d .
T-, IS we ow e TJlEM .
�e s ho u ld be pr oud the Ind ian d e s i r e s t o ke e p his ide n t i t y , f o r he
t r u l y is the f i rst Ame r i c an , do we wish to e x c lude him f r om t hat whi c h
h e is d e servlng because o f th i s?
Th e r e is talk o f termi na t i o n , again be ing the right f u l _iune r i c an ,
s ha l l we r e fuse t h e Indian , his fre e dom o f c h oi c e ?
- P o c ahon t as Hagy
•
•
•
*
•
C ONS TRUCTION OF PAVILI ON MOVES 1-.h.EAD
Th e Indians of C anada Pavi lion is quic kly t�king shape and n e a ring
c omple t i on.
Th e s t yl iz e d t e e-pee is n ow c ompl e t e ly e n c l o s e d and basic c arpe ntry
on the in s ide i s finishe d .
Land s c aping i s 60% c ompl e te and i t wi l l be fini shed by e a r l y spring.
Mur a ls a r e t o be pain t e d by Ind ian artis t s f r om a c r o s s C an ada on the
o u t s id e walls a t t h e ba s e of t h e t e e -pe e.
The paint ings are to be finished
i n t ime f or the o p e ning of Expo 67.
Th e s i t e o f our pavili on is a par t icularly good one as it is f l anke d
on one side by the Unit ed Nations Favilion and the Canada Pavi lion on
t he o t h e r .
.
A mon o-ra i l , p o s s ibly the f i r s t of i t s kind in C a nada , wi l l pass our
Be yond the·mon o-ra i l lie s the
p avilion on the o t h e r s ide of t he s t r e e t .
S t . Lawre n c e River with the Mont r e a l skyline f orming a spe c t a c u lar ba c k
g r o und .
( Th e Indian Ne ws, Ottawa, Ontari o, D e c �, 1966)
·
�(5)
MAINE INDIA1\J GOVERNORS
RESTORATION
meetingFAJRMINGTON - Governors ofsupport in restoring this year'stoldofaproblemss
here Friday nighturged the public is becoming more aware woman'
that two Maine Indian reservations
facing requestpeople,theandtribes.
their fer
budgetJohn Mitchell of the Penobscot Reservation, and John Stevens of the
(Indian Association of University
Passamaquoddy Reservation, met spoke of the inception a
AmericanTownship)Department of IndianWomen. Both with the Franklin Chapter,
ear ago of
yreservations.the
Affairs, and both told of needs at the
time, first
st legislative
become"For a citizens," -.Gatovernor Mitchell stated,positiontheof equality." to He
equal long aimed thehelpingresidents ofathis"and longed
budget that Ind i.aisns believe the requestsachieve just, and are working toward
us be
added request the cuts made by GovernortoCurtis.
restorationspeaker said Maine Indians have long endured poor conditions and
of
The which keep them perpetual failures. He outlined some of the
situations
many contributions of theofMaine Indianswe toeat, language and state andused by
society
as
sucharmedtheforces, a demo�ratic form of government, and the tactics
many
the
and oth�rs. of the recent problems of Indian conservationtheservices,
In Mitchell
speaking
are about nuns. Whiteschool on Indian
the on attend
Governorwhere there saidathere teacher and twopupils at schoolschildrenreservations,
Island also. Afterlay fifth grade, students go to junior high and high
is the
the school the reservation. He said the schools were transferred from
schools off of
the jurisdictionJuly. the Health & Welfare Department to the Department of
Education last Mitchell outlined some of the budget requests in detail, which
Governor
included money for salaries of personnel, and otherworkers, water and sewage
projects, construction work and repairs, social Indians need the help of
Governorincluding legislatorstheandaudience that costs. attend the legisla
many hearings and learn what told Indianscitizensandwhohelp them achieve their
people, John Stevens the need will
tive
needs. "The Indians have been neglected for many years and need a lot of
things," Governor Stevens century"We notgoes. for only has just
want in catchpast withseethis said. budgetarrerequestaskingjustified."much, towelook
to the up to that our before it is One too
back Governor Stevens said there are about Indians on the two reserva
tions �aid Township Pleasant Point. cut the only opportunities
work.theatHeIndian mechanizedandwood operations had Men can work obtain seasonal
for Governor Stevens said the young people move off the reservation as soon
Indians.
as possible are slowly no as the young people interest in and
as
them. culture
handicrafts said there aredyingopportunitiestheforolder show noTheir does notlearning
them. He basket-weaving, done by
residents,
bring
in much money since the Indians receive only a pittance payment from the
wholesalers. said in the
there two and and a
teacherStevens school. in grades through area,s�venth.arewhitenuns Frenchlay
at integrated
the
pupilsGov. Stevens spoke of the Department of Indians Affairs as being ':a
are
the Indian,
newborn baby,Indians.mustHebestatedtothegrowi; andrequestits programs havehelp
fed
hope to the which (Continuedbudget said needed to given
on Page
URGE WDGET
legislative
at e
have
1967
country,
dev(O'lopme.nt
fnods
50
700
Petar D�na P�
6)
was
�(6)
( Continued from Page 5)
the Depar tment do i t s work t o he lp t he I nd i ans.
He sai<l the major i ty o f
t h e Passamaquoddy peop l e are now on welfare.
They have, he said, a lo t of
t imter and with he lp cou ld work up some type of wood indu s try.
In answer to a ques t ion, Gov. S t evens told o f find ing an o ld deed
wh7reby the Commonwe lth of Massachuset t s gran t ed acr eage to the Pa�samaqu
�
oddy
Tribe.
Re said t heir actual land is much less than the deed s tates.
An
attorney is wor�ing on thi s probl em.
Bo t h men sai d Ind ians have so many pr oblems they canno t s o lve thems elves ,
they go ou t side f or help.
Bo th reservat ions have been helped �y VI S TA
volun teers.
The se young people stay for a year and help in t he schoo l s wi th
tu tor ing, work af t er hour s g iving help t o students who need special attention,
anddeve lop recrea t i on pr o j ects.
Jim O ' Donnell, a.native of San Francisco and VI S TA volunt eer pre sen t ly
working with the Peno1sco t s , to ld the meeting of hi s work, and that he
hopes f o� a summer r ecr eat ion program w i t h spor t s and a day camp program.
David Berute, a nat ive o f Augu s ta, al s o at tended the meet ing.
He is
pr e s e n t ly with the Pas s amaquoddy working in educa t i on and recreat ion.
Both Governors and VI S TA worker s answered many questions dur ing a
s ocial hour f o l l owing the ir formal pr esent ation.
( F r om the Por tland Press-Herald, 2/20/67.
A s imi lar ar t icle appeared
in the F ebruary 24t h Farmington Journal
Chronicle}
&
INDIAN LEG I SLATORS ' LOT IMPROVED SLIGHTLY
The March 3r d Kennebec Journal reported: Hou se major i ty Republ icans
tr ied to g ive the two I nd ian repres entatives some postag e stamp s , phone calls
and auto mi leage Thursday (March 2nd} but some Democratic members held up the
ef fort.
"I think it goes a b i t too f ar," said Rep. James T. Dudley, D
Enfield.
"There are a b it too few of those people in the state."
Rep. Jo s e ph Binnette, D-Old Town, tabled the proposal unt i l the ·7th.
The order, pr esented by the House major i ty leader, Rep. Harri son L. Ri chards on,
R- Cumberland, was t he result of a GOP decision in caucu s on the 1 s t.
It
would have given Ind ian tr ibal representative s John Nel s on o f the Penob scot
Tr ibe and George F rancis of the Passamaquoddy Tribe the same postage and
telephone pr ivileges as other members.
It wou ld haye g iven them automob i le mile age for 10 r ound tr ips between
their homes and Augus ta.
Tile regu lar members get mileage f or one round
tr ip a week and the se s s ion usually lasts 20 weeks or more.
Ind i an repr e s enta t ives have seats in the House tut no vote.
They
receive $500 each, no t the full $2,000 of regu lar memb ers.
When the matter was brought up again, on March 7th, the Newsletter
unde r s tand s that it was again tabled, t his time until the 9th, by Rep. Frank
Miliano, R-Eastport, at the request o f Rep. Bi nnette.
On March 1 0t h, the Kennebec Journal reported: An order to g ive I ndian
r epresentatives pos t ag e and telephone cred it cards and reimbursement for 1 0
r ound tr ips t o the legislature during the regular session was passed after
being delay e d a week without explanation. The Senate passed it on March 14th.
The Ind ian Affairs Committee of the leg islature, at its first hear ing,
on March 8th, heard testimony on several bills.
Two of them, ·L.D. 186
1 88,
wou ld, i f enac·ted, g ive the two Indian legislative representatives 11the same
compensation, mileage and' allowance as any other memb er o f the Senate and
House of Representatives" as well as "a seat in the House of Representative s
and all pr ivileges, rights and duties o f other r epr esentatives, including
the r ight to s erve in. a nonvoting capacity on any coinmittee': with the ex
ception of "the right to vote on pend ing leg i slation" .
( Continued on.Page 7)
·
&
�( 7)
INDIAN LEGI SLATOBS '
( Cont inued from Page 6)
•
•
.
•
Al t hough t here was s ome d i s cu s s i on a t the hear ing r egar d ing po s s ible
changes concerning t he repr esen t atives' righ t to speak on t he f l oor of the
Hou s e , t he only witnes s who s poke in oppo s i t ion to t he ti l l s was Rep . Binnette .
The two ..L.D . s were j o in t ly spons ored by Rep . Car l ton Sco tt , R-v!ilton , and
Rep . G lenn S tarbir d , D-Kingman .
INDIAN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE HOLD S FIRS T HEARING
&
In add i t ion to L.D . s 186
188 , described in the preced ing s tory ,
t he Ind ian Af fair s Committee of the legi s lature scheduled three other bil l s
f or hear ing on March 8th .
L . D . 144 ( Presented by Rep . S tarb ird ) , 11AN ACT Relat ing to Specially
Des igneg Mo t or Veh icle Number Plates f or Indian Agents and Commi s s i oner of
I nd ian iAffairs," was wi thdrawn at the reques t o f Ind ian Affair s Commi s s ioner
Edward Hinckley .
L.D . 634 ( Presen ted by Sen. Jon Lund , R-Kennebec) , 11AN ACT Provid ing
f or Review of Laws Relating to Maine ' s Ind ian Tr ibes , was \·l ithdrawn at
the request of Commi s s ioner Hinckley f o l l owing a specia l meet ing with the
Penobsco t Tribal Counci l and Pas samaquoddy Legi s lat ive Represen t a t ive George
Franci s .
L . D . 633 ( Presen t ed by S enator Lund ) , "AN ACT Relat ing to Conveyance
of Reservation Lands f or Penobsco t Tr ibe of Indian s , " was suppor t ed by
Hinckley, Penob s co t Legi s lat ive Represen t ative John Nel s on, and a numba.- o f
Penob s cot t r ibal member s presen t .
No one at �he.hear ing spoke in opp o s ition
t o t he bi l l .
An opinion rr om the At torney General ' s o f f ice was read to
t he Commi ttee indica t ing that pas s age wou ld "no t in any way adver sely affect
t he tenure which t he Indian s have in their l ots1 1 and wou ld n o t 11in any way
change t he O\.mer ship of l o t s already as s igned and wi l l n o t af fect the owner ship o f future l o t s which may be as s igned . '
The bi l l reques ted the el imination of the phrases "dur ing t he p l easure
of t he Legi s l ature11 and 11dur ing the wi l l of the Legi s lature;' from ind ividual
Penobscot deed s and from t he s t atutes refer r ing to t he as s ignment of Penob
s co t Reser �at ion lo t s .
The News letter under stand s that the eliminat ion o f
these phrases wou ld give Penob scot tr ibal member s "clear" t i t le t o their
as s igned lots, r ather t han t itle depend ing on t he whims of fu t ure legis latures .
1
·
L.D. 634 was reported out of the C0mmittee to the Senate with the
recornmendati0n that it be granted " Leave to Wi thdraw," on March 14th.
L.D. 633 was reported o ut of the Committee b the Senate with an "Ought
to Pass " recommendation, rm the 14th .
L .D. 144 was reported tc the House fr("m th e, C"mmittee with a " Leave t0
Withdraw" r ec<.-mmendati�n, and L.D. 186. ( pertai ning to c ompe nsati"'n and
allcwances for the Indian Legislative Representatives ) was reported to the
Hous e by the Canm:ittee with an "Ought ti") Pas s " recommendati on, on the 14th.
As of March 3 1 s t, the News let ter under stand s that these bi l l s are in
t he f o l lowing s tatus:
The two b i l l s to be withdrawn ( L.D. 144
634 ) have been withdr awn and
are "dead . 11
The two t i l l s per t aining to compensat ion and pr ivi leges of t he Ind ian
Legi slative Representat ives ( L . D . 186
188) are s t i l l being di scussed in
commit tee and on t he Hou se f l oor .
( See related s t ory on Page 19)
The b i l l pertaining to the word ing of deed s of Penob s co t Tr ibal members·
was s igned into l aw by Governor Cur t i s on March 2 3rd . ( L . D . 633 )
&
&
�. (8)
INDIAN PAVILION EXPO
'67
by Duke Redbird
11.fay your form reflect
The symetry of our wigwams and teepees
May your structure incorporate
The strength of our leng houses both East and West
And may your walls create
The warmth ('If our fires
That have burned
a
hundred thousand years.
May your colors express
The pageantry of our ceremonies
May your tapestries weave
The story of our Great Men both Then and Now
May your fabrics portray
The contrasts of our culture
That has lived a hundred thousand years.
May your furnishings tell
The simplicity of our wants and needs
May your accoutrements spell
The multiplicity of our tongues both Old and New
May your designs whisper
The tale of
ur legends
That have been told a h undred th,,usand years.
May your fixtures cast
Th e li ght of
ur learning
May your shadows project
The mystery and depth of our religion both Remembered and Forgotten
May
your fountains recall
The bubble of our laughter and the silence of
our
That echo across a hundred thousand years.
May your floor combine
The past and t he future of
our
tears
people
II.fay your carpets spin
The mosaic of our complexities bi:>th common and unusual
May your foundation exhibit
The strength of our wisdom and knowlndge
For we have waitei a �undred thcusand years.
( The auth, r read this poem at the formal unveiling i:>f the scale model
The building will be erected at
ef the Indian Pavilion in Ottawa, Canada.
Mr. Duke Redbird is an Indian of the Saugeen Indian
the Mont.real E xpo T67.
R epri n ted from the Journal of American Indian Educatien,
Reserve in Ontario.
Tempe,
Arizona,
Jan�a ry 1967 )
MUSKIE SPONSORS STATE INDIAN RESERVATION BILL
This bill would enable Indians, such as our Penobscots and Passamaquoddies,
who live on State reservations to develop_their own Conmunity Action prsgrams
Pre
to"iimprove the quality of their lives under the War on Peverty pr gram.
sently, our Indians can only be a part of count y programs.
Under Senator
�1uskie's bill, they would have the option of designing their own programs
·
er of participating in c o unty programs.
( From Senator Muskie's "Letter to Maine, 11 March
4, 1967)
�. (9)
11THIS LAND WAS THEIRS"
A Study ef the North American Indian
by Wendell H. Oswalt, Associate Prefessor
of Anthropolngy, University of California,
leis Angeles
The North American Indian has fascinated children and adults ever since
the discovery of the continent - there have been romantic narri:itives, �(�110l:n:Jy
studies and stylized paintings.
"This Land Was Theirs 11 is the f j rst book
to describe the historically changing lifeways of Indian tribes in a parallel
framework.
Professo·r Oswalt describes ten tribes - the Chipewyan, the Be•thuk,
the Kuskowagamiut, the Cahuilla, the Fox, the Pawnee, the TJiugjt, the Hopi,
the Iroquois and the Natchez - and traces their diverse ways of life from
In a final chapter,
historic contact to their extinction or to modern times.
he sunnnarizes the position of Indians in modern Canadian and .American life.
Using a cult.ure area approach combitHrl w ith a br0ad geographical sam.pJing
of tribes, }'rofessor Oswalt discusses the same range of topics about each
A discussion
tribe,varying the emphasis in terms of each tribe's history.
of the aboriginal customs of each tribe.is followed by an analysis of the
changes which have taken place in it since hist�ric contact.
Professor
Oswalt has stressed the basic continuities in Indian life from the past to the
present and has documented the historical changes.
''This Land Was Theirs" brings to life ten ge,..graphically representative
tribes by considering an actual culture-carrying unit of the tribe - it shows
us the texture of North American Indian life yesterday and today.
( "This Land Was Theirs" is published by Jehn Wiley & S•ns, New York, 1966)
ARE I�iAINE
SKOWHEGAN
INDIANS 11DRAB1 1?
VJ.AN
THINKS SO!
Lyndon Huff and Harvey Doan Eaton, Jr., ef Skewhegan, have suggested
that the Tourist Heepitality Association of that town establish 11a symbel •f
community identity" for Skowhegan in the form ef a large statue of an Indian
to be erected in the business area of the community. Eaton has stated, however,
that preliminary study has convinced him it would be a disaster to use any
....... State of Maine Indian as the model.
11T�ey were not colorful.
Teurists want glamor and color.
Skewhegan
is not teaching Kennebec history, but making new American history.11
Tentative thinking is for a -wood statue about thirty feet above the
top of the base.
Redwood is being considered as a material.
In a March
1st report to the Skewhegan Te..irist Hespitality Associati•n, Mr. Eat•n stated,
"Of course the selectien of a model fer t.he statue strictly is an art
matter which you should handle.
No layman should de this. ' But I do believe
that it should be a gloriously colerful American Indian, loaded with showmanship.
It does not need to be a Maine Indian.
From what I have learned
they were mostly on the drab side. rr
Reports in the Waterville Sentinel of March Jrd and 4th, indicate that the
whole purpo_ae .. •f .the statue :,is publicity and promotion to benefit Skowhegan.
It has been suggested that Governor Curtis and California's Gover�or Reagan can
get "national coverage" through correspondence concerning shipment of Califor
nia redwood legs to Maine fer the statue.
The Newsletttir feels that - once again - American Indians are being used
to benefit only non-Indian oommerical interests, and that Maine Indians in
particular are being unfairly insulted a.nd disparaged.
The.Editor -wonders if
Sena�r Margaret Chase Smith shares the feeling of her fellow townspeople.
Readers'conments on this matter are invited!
·
·
�( 10 )
.
OREGON INDIANS PLAN TIMEER MILL
by Ma lco lm Bauer
WARM S PRINGS , ORE. - A cen tury and mor e ago , s e t t l er s in the American
We st s e t t l e d t he Amer ican Indian on re servat i ons.
The r e s ervations consisted
o f l ands the whi t e s e t t l er didn ' t want - a t l ea s t at the t ime.
Chi e f Jo seph ' s Nez Perce wer e dr iven ou t of t he l and they wanted - Or e
g on ' s Wa l l owa Va l l ey.
Much la ter , t he Klama t h Indi ans of sou thern Oregon
s o ld a good par t of the ir r e s erva t ion f or the value of the t imb er - about
.
$40 , 000 per t ribal member.
Now t he t r ib e s on Or egon ' s Warm Spr ing s Re serva t ion ar e trying to make
the ir own way - in the whi t e man's way - free ent erpr i s e.
They ar e in the
pr oce s s of s e t t ing up a cor por a t ion to mar ke t the t imcer on t he 915 squar e
mi l e s o f t he r e serva t i on through the ir own mi l l oper a t ion s .
The Warm S pr ing s Re s erva t ion be s tride s U.S. 2 6 s ou the a s t o f Por t l and ,
j u s t sou t h o f M t . Hood.
On i t s l and , on the e a s t ern s lope of the Ca scade
Rang e , grow t a l l s t ands of p ine.
The growth is enough to supply 80 , 000
bo ar d f e e t 0 £ lumb er annu a l ly on a su s t a ined-yield progr am.
Tha t is adequate
to ma intain a ma j or lumber-mi l l oper a t ion, as ha s be en demonstrated by the
whi t e man ' s own ent erpr i s e in the Warm Spr ing s s t ands.
The enter pr ise of the tribe s ba sed on varm Spr ing s ha s already been
demons t r a t e d.
They have deve loped, w i t h federa l suppor t , the commercial
value o f t he s pr ing s t ha t gave t he r e s erva t i on its name.
The Kah-Nee-Ta
vaca t ion r e s or t in t he hear t of t he re s erva t i on is a succe s s ful t r ib a l pro j ect
ca t er ing annual ly t o thous ands of f i sherme n , swimmer s and hiker s .
F i ve y e ar s ago , tr ita l l e ader ship began t o s tudy the pos s ibi l i ty o f
deve loping the t imber r e s ource s previou s ly proce s s e d and marke t ed by others.
The Confeder a t e d Tribe s of Warm S pr ing s hir e d a cons u l t ing firm t o study
t he pr o s pect s.
The f irm , Corne l l , Howland , Hay e s
Merry f i e ld , advi s e d , in
effect: G o into bu s ine s s for y our s e lve s , a s you have a t Kah-Ne e-Ta.
The eng ine er ing f irm ' s speci f ic r ecommenda t ion was to hir e an oper ating
f i r m , Gunder s on
As s ocia t e s of Wa s hing t on , D. C. , to deve l op t he t imter re
s ources under direct ion of t he Confede r a t e d Tr ibe s.
A spoke sman for Gunder s on said the o t her day: ';I t 's a ha l lmark of Indian
affairs.
Thi s wi l l make the Conf eder ated Tr ibe s s e l f - suppor t ing.
They
wi l l own and oper a t e t he mi l l s .
One of the Ligge s t re s pons ibi l i t i e s we have
i s an obl igat ion to t r a in membe r s o f t he tr ibe t o the job s which they may
be abl e t o do.
I t is
a good bu s ine s s de a l. '1
The Bur e au of Indian Affairs suppor t s the propo s i t ion.
So do the
t r iba l l e ader s , including the Conf edera t ed Tr ibe s ' execu t ive director , Vernon
Jack s on , speaking for t he Warm Springs , l1a sco , and Paiu t e I ndi ans who ar e
memter s of t he r e s erva t ion counci l .
Mr. Jackson's j ob , among o t her thing s ,
is t o s e e t o t he l ive l ihood o f the 1400 Indi ans r e s ident on t he r e serva t io n .
The Warm S pr ing s Indians ' opport�ni ty s pr i ng s from t he same s ource
t ha t gave t he Klamat h Indians a big -do l l ar· her i t ag e - t he enhanced value of
t imb er.
Submi t t ed by a r e ader )
(Fr on-. t he Chr i s t i an Sci ence Moni t or , 3/7/67.
&
&
•
.
•
•
MISCELLANEOUS
OLD
TOWN - Mr. and Mr s . Ger a l d Baumann and chi ldr en , Be l inda and B evin ,
wer e r ecent guest s o f her mo ther , Mrs . Hor ace Ne l s on and her sLst er , Mrs .
'The Baumanns have be en in Arequipa , Peru , f or the p a s t 2�
Wa t i e Akins.
year s .
Mr s. Baumann , the f ormer Eunice Ne l s on , wa s t he f ir s t Indian t o
gradu a t e from t he Univers i ty o f Ma ine and rece ived her PhD in p sycho l ogy from
A f t er visi t ing wi t h Mr. Baumann's pcr ents in Swi t zer
New Yor k Univer s i ty.
l and , t he coup l e wi l l r e s ide in Bo l ivi a , where s he wi l l t each ant hropology.
�( 11 )
HE WEARSbyTHO UNIFORNS: BOTH CraigPATRIOTIC
T.Sgt. Richard A.
- AlC loves
groundLIMESTONEAirman Patnode,toC.dance. partUnusual?kclerk ofFrug, an42ndbut Indian
safety office, Stephen whoPatnode, lvlchief Indian, the no,accomplished
The is Bomb Hing
style, yes. and he makes all of his o\om dance costumes.
ohmv
Indian Adancer of Massena; Y., isAirman Patode tegan studying Indian dancing
nativeas a
while serving begancounselorhisinown costumes. during thisgreat credit toofthe
was He
study thatofhethe Turtle Clan at the St.ItRegis Hoha�gives early periodof the
making
chieftain the Mohawk family groups, for guidance in·1kcreating the costumes.
one
oldest of and detailed costumes, made entirely byReservation,authentic
The elaborate Indian pieces, and are fashioned hand, are feathers,
copies of actual and beads.
horsehair,
bone, rawhide, deerskinthe Air Force, Patnode was the chief and choreographer
Prior to joining
of thefirst honors Indian Dance Group nine other groups andN.Y., awarded
Manatoanna in
tookcoveted 'iBest in competition with In at Massena, was his
the Holder of merit badges in scouting, and an Eagle Scout himself,
Indian Dance" trophy
Patnode believes scouting one the finest activities a
participate married to theisformerofMary Rose Delima Bernard,inawhichMacboy can
He is
from the Gaspee Peninsula, uebec... (From the Bangor News, Mic Indian
1 DREAM Victor BLUE HERON"
by OF THE Barnouw
Abook about the difficulty transition has written colorful
transplanted
movingHabus was h�ppyNetherlander,ofDr. Barnouw for Wisconsina Indians. and
withas they were able, and lived the old forward the
northern forests as muchwhenhis grandparents who hename and knowways future.
was looking his in to
the time ofhishis dream� ho hadhebeen working inhis lumber mills and was living
would receive
rutwhites, actually kidnapped him in theand sent him to school - a
father,
like
schoolthewherey theimpart disciplinehadtonosavagesforwasnpagan11 beliefs and believed
the only ·ua stuckadministrators slipped home at tovacation. When his father
to it out and then use beat them.
Wabushim there tussle and the old
came afterauthenticitywasofathe Indian details, grandfather was killed.Chippewa
The the
the the insight
lands,andandheart evocationemotionallylife isbetween description of the the
of school torn matched byworlds. into
mind (For the youngl:reader. Published by Delacorte, New York. pages,
of a oy
ages Submitted by a reader)
ARE
b1.
.
.
•
1958
•
•
•
from
•
196 2 ,
.
group
•
•
.
•
.
•
38
•
•
•
3/7/6 7 )
1905
tllO
$4 . 50,
191
12-16 .
MISCELLANEOUS
BRUNSWICK - Altrusa Club menbers at a dinner-meeting the week of February
13th heard a talk on the Passamaquoddy Indian Reservation.
Their guest
speak'er was Miss Deana Francis, of Pleasant Point Reservation, wh9 is doing
post-graduate study at Brunswick High School this year.
college and major in physical education.
OLD TOWN
She plans to attend
Officers elected cf St. Anne's Sodality, St. Anne's Catholic
Indian Island, are: pre�ident, Mrs. Ernestine Temer; vice-president,
M:-s. Rese Tomer; secretary, Mrs. Mildred Akins; and treasurer, Mrs. Elsie Lolar.
Church,
�(12)
AN ARTICLE ON lflAINE INDIAN AFFAIRS
appears in Ramparts magazine, March, 1967, pu.bl.isLe.rj oy °B..Bro�301 Broadway, San Francisco, California.
'-.� �aga?.::ir�>
Inn .. ,
DIOCESE ESTABLISHES NEW DIVISION
( The following letter was recently sent eut by Rev. Ilome ;Jr•• l'j
Island - Ed. )
P. O. Box 560
Old Town, Me.
Dear Frienri:
�r
e,
•f Tt1cl-i
:n1
The Roman Catholic Diocese of l'•rt-.land wh�, fer ever a century, has
served the thr ee Inrli an Rei:;e1:vat.i on.q •f Maine, has recently estahl lshed a
DivJ slon of Voln t+eer Serd ces under its Burean of Huma n RAl::i.t.ions Services,
tc cenl.··H u,'\.t e and assist to the needs �f both the Penobscot and f'ass-3TOaq1J0rJ<iy
Tr:ibes.
The Committee is composed of the following members:
Mr. Neil Michaud,
Administrative Director of the B.H.R.S.;
Mr. Edward c. Hinckley, State of Maine Commissioner of Indian Affairs;
Vir. John Mcran, Member •f State of Maine Department of Educati n;
Mr.
Charles N. Vickery, Program Director •f the Unitarian Unive1·s lisr. Pie.njce
Committee, Inc.
Rev. Kenneth Hawkes, Executive Director �f the Northeast District of the
Unitarian Universalist Association;
,
Rev. Paul u. Pare, Chaplain at the Pleasant Point Reservation;
Mr. Joseph Nicholas, Passamaquoddy Indian Member of Pleasant P�int Reservati�n;
Rev. Maurice Lemlin, Chaplain at the Peter Dana Point Reservation;
Mr. John Stevens, Passamaquoddy Indian Member of Peter Dana P�int Reservati<ni;
Rev. Rome• St.
Pierre,
Chaplain at the Indian Island Reservation;
¥.lrs. Jean Chavaree, Penobscot Indian Member of Indian Island Reservation;
Miss Donna Byers, Penobscot Indian Member �f Indian Island, Secretary
Having been elected to head this c mmittee,
I have been requested t".>
get in touch with you or the organization you represent concerning the interest
you manifested in t he Indian s ituation.
Primarily we need volunteer workers in the area of recreation, educatien
and social work, at least for summe r projects with a 11piltt program" f".>r
a year-round social wc·rker or public health nurse.
Secondly we will als� need funds tn subsid1ze such a program and p�bably
your organization might be helpful in that area.
Already the Unfversalist Unitarian Service Committee,
·
·
Inc., and the
Roman Catholic Di•cese of Portland have committed themselves.
We have every
reason to believe that the State of Maine Department of Indian Affairs and
other agencies will join in our effort to answer to the needs of our Indian
comm unities •
••••
We W)Uld certainly appreciate
receiving an answer from you by return
mail, as to what extent we can count on your participation in such potential
projects for the three Indian Reservations in Maine.
May
-we
Some of you might have already been in touch with Mr.
who has referred you to our conmittee,
hear from you?
Charles Vickery,
and requested that all further corres
pondence be sent to this committee.•
Respectfully yours,
/s/Rev.
( The
Romeo St. Pierre,
Chairman
Edit r suggests that pe�ple nr agencies interested in supp9rting the types
of programs for Maine Indians that are described in Rev. St. Pierre s letter
get in cqntact with him directly, at P . O. Box 560, Old Town, Maine, Ph.82'7-2l72)
�(13 )
LISTENERS ' R.E.SPONSE INDICATES JN TEREST IN JNDIAN S
On March 14th, Newsletter Editor Eugeni a Thomp se n and Penr.b sc,.,t Husson
student St�n Mitchell appeared with Commissi one r Hinr.ld .ey •n the 111'f e
tlk
Stuart Inquiry Pregram 11 of Portland radi0 station WIDE .
h.ssam aqnoiidy Br·m swiok H . s. student Deana Francis had also b e en invited to parti cip ate, but was
unable to be present .
Foll0wing a 25-minute general int erview fo rmat , conduct ed by Mr . Stuart ,
phone line s were opened and li steners invited to call in th ei r questions .
Mr. Stuart
Questicns and answers were both bro adcast frem 6 : JI to ? : J O .
indicated pleas ed surpri s e at th e ameunt of int erest in Indians and Indi an
affairs evidenced by th e constant succ es sien of c alls from list eners .
Questions and answers covered such g eneral t opics as Indi an art s and
crafts , reservation life, education, the Department of Indi an Affairs ' plans
for future pr0grams, tolerance and prejudice, Maine Indian hi story, what
ind ividua ] s could do t help Maine Indians, current le gi slati•n, and a few
ques �:i on s about we ste rn and southern Indian tribe s .
In th e course o f the pregram, Editor Thomp s n was given s everal 0pp,.,rtun
ities to de scribe the Newslett er - its purpo ses and content - and to invite
int ere sted listeners to send in their names to be placed en the mailing list
for the monthly i s sues .
The N ewsletter understands that Senater Richard N. Berry, Chairman • f the
Legi slative Commit tee en Appropri ations and Finan cial Affai rs, wa s en the
" Inquiry PM gram " a week er so earlier , and that during the c our se of hi s
parti cipatien (which was no.t en Indi an affairs ) Senato r Berry received s everal
calls from listeners supporting the current Department of Indian Affairs '
budget r eque sts .
There i s no que stion that thi s type of support can be very us eful, either
direct ed to members of the Appropri ations C�rnmittee •r to individual Senators
and Representative s .
This wi ll . be true even after the March 16th budget hear
ing, as th e Cemmittee must first co nsider the budget request s of all Stat�
department s, in executive ses sions , and the n the Hous e and Sena�e must consider
the entire budget do cument .
The Newsletter understands that· final legislative
de cis ions •n Department s ' requests for supplemental funds (Part II - new service s
and c onstruc tion ) are not made unti l quite lat e in t he legi sl ative s e s si�n.
All readers and intere sted persons are urged to contact their legislative r�pres�
enati ves and expres s thei r opini•ns regarding the Indi an Affairs budget .
LIVERMORE GRANGE HEARS AIDUT lliDIANS
The Livermore Grange, n February 25th, heard "an impres sive and educa
tional talk on Maine Indi ans from the e arly 1700 ' s to the p�esent time 11 given
by Mrs . Carlt.n S cott, of Wilton.
She sp�ke of the Abnaki s, Algonquins ,
Penobscot, Kennebec and Micmac Indi an s .
Many Indian relics were di splayed by
members ef the Grange .
COMPOSER TO WRITE OKLAHOMA STATEHOOD BALLET
INDIAN
SANTA FE, N 1 1
Leui s w. Ballard, Quapaw compMer, has been commi ssbned
by the State of Oklahoma to write the music for a ballet to be presented during
the 60th ann,ivers ary •f Oklahoma statehoo d in 1967.
Gcvernor Henry Bellmen
has personally invited five internationally fameus ballerinas ef Indi an heritage
to participat e.
Ballard is chairman •f the Musi c and Performi ng Ar-ts Depart
ment of the Santa Fe Institute of Ameri can Indian Art .
(From Indi an Progress . Central City, Nebraska, 11arch 1967 .
Taken from
Mr. Roger Gabri e l � (Passamaqne1ldy ) is currently a student
The Amerindian .
at the Institute - Ed . )
. 1
.
-
�(J.4 )
DOWN THE RIVER
from last month )
( Continued
The Dead R iver � i nds through thi s ne c K of land , c onne c t i ng the la�e and the
Andr o s c oggin R ive r seven mile s away .
Some t i me s the Dead R iver flow s from the la � e
i nto the Andros c ogg i n , and when the grea t r ive r i s a flood s tage , the Andro.., . nrr.,0: 1 1 1
flow s b a c k into the lake i t s e lf .
I n my youth , I made thi s canoe tr ip seve ra l
.
t i me s ,
and w a s a lways f i lled w i th the thr ill o f me et ing the bright fa ce o f danger
Dead R i ver . . . pos i t ive that around a bend we would mee t a party of Ind i ans
on those da rk gla s s y wate r s .
Once we rea lly d i d . . . but they were not 1\na l'tagut i
on the
c ooks ,
the f ierce and war- l i Ke tr ibe of the reg i on whose home b a � e was Canton
They were j u s t three Indians from Old Town s e lling 'baP.l<:ets at s otne re R m: tr::
a long Th i r ty Mi le R iver .
Poi nt .
Not
long ago ,
tw o ge olog i s t s t ooK a t r i p down the Andros c oggin in a canoe ,
a nd ca me to the De ad R i ve r .
There in those da rK waters they found s ometh i ng unu
s ua l i n ma rine b i ology .
Unimow ingly they ca me i nto the Dead R iver unaw a re of the
s trange crea ture s they w ould find there . . . they sa� hundl'eds of fre sh water j elly
f i sh p1.i.mpi ng thems e lve s through the wate r .
c c urrenc e
It was the f i r s t reported
of the fre sh water hydroids , Genus Medusa
C ra speda c u s ta S owerb i i , in Ma ine
( name
)
g iven to all j e llyfi sh ,
Spe c ie s
There are tw o K i nds of fre sh water j e llyf i sh of which the Crasp . Sow erb i i i s
only form ever found i n North Ame r i c a .
I t i s very c ommon i n Chi na e ::; pe i a l ly '
in the Uangz tze Ba s in , and may have been introduced to thi s country on s ome of
the
the orient a l wa te r plant s .
The remarl{able thing is that the se f orms d o not seem
· t o be able to s pread
from one b ody of wa ter to another w i thou t the help of an out
s iSie a ge ncy
From a ll ind i ca t i ons , the j e llyf i sh c ould not pos s ibly s urvive in
the Andros c oggin nor LaKe Andr o s c oggin .
Thi s is a que s t i on for some Ma r ine b i olo
g i s t for r e s e a r ch .
How did they eve r ge t t o the Dead R iver?
Le av ing La ke Annr os � oggin and the Dead R iver w i th its s trange c reature s ,
dr ive a l ong Route
t o Bee ch H i ll .
And here i s anothe r unu s ua l geolog i c al
phenomenon
Here is a real de ser t .
F i e lds of drift ing s a nd have c overed trees ,
133
farms .
And early wr iter of Wayne H i s tory , C . F . lead e t ter , who d i d the
" I n the northwe s tern
i ntrodu c t ory chapte r f or the book pub li shed in
s tated :
part
o f Wayne
a r e s and h i lls of c ons iderable extent which a re the development of
c ompa ra t ive ly re c ent yea r s .
The terr i tory they oc cupy wa s or igina lly the most
f e r t i le and produc t i ve i n town . . . unt i l whole h i lltops and s i de s have be c ome va s t
pa s ture s ,
1898,
)
(
Mos t o f thi s geolog i ca l worK ha s 1:e en done w i thi n the mem
ory of pe ople now l i ving, and i t s progr e s s ha s been ob sel'ved from summer to sum
m er . "
Tha t wa s in 1898 .
Geolog i s t s
A more r e c e nt s tudy ha s other rea s ons for the se shifting s a nds .
a r e a s o f yellow s a nd
order ing the An
s a nd in the Hayne a 1·ea came .fl · ru sand depos i t s
" I t s EE ull B l i .Kely that th i s s and wa s
3- 4 miles to the we s t .
i·1 i nd- tra n �J..>Ol' J-,ed to i t s pre s ent. loca t i on sho1 tly ai'ter the area emerged from the
now thinK the
dro::;c.:oggi n R i ve r ,
u en
n otne 12 ; 0
y ear s a go .
Af ter· it w a s depn� ] t e d
.
b l i zed the and unt i l about
There
of s oil and vegeta t ion may have
i s probable tha t the s a nd was not eJ>.'}X•s ecl when they le ft for
y ea r s ago .
sta -
is there regardle s s of how it ca me to be , and it 'i s grm·1 i s n o ev1 dence tha t the Tni H a ns o f the Va lley Knew of i t s o i t
The de sert of Wayne
i ng yea r ly .
, the deve lopment
100 yea r s ago .
Canada . . . ab out 200
The branch of the .A.naRa gnnt i c coKs who d id spend much of the i r t ime
f r om Lake Andr os c oggin north were ca lled Caghnanga s . . . the fa mily center wa s i n the
pre s ent town of Leed s .
The i r tr iba l a ffa irs we re c onnu � ted a t Canton Poin t.
They were s a id to have been popu lou:=: and thri fty,
s i on of the Ana sa gunt i cooK na t i �n
mad i c
in na ture .
·
and were a powerful d ivi
They were s k i lled f i shermen and hunte rs ,
no
S ome . of the ir a r t i fa c t s have been found a ll a long the waterway
a nd tnany i n the gre a t bury i ng g1· l ln<i o n t.he r .a l'E' .1\nnrot-=: . oggj n j_ t s e lf .
(By
I Iel e.n Dn l dwel l
l�•1 :.::: hm : :m
�( 15 )
RICHARD BOUNDING IQ!OWS HO�T
EditorItofwas aPress-Herald: read Thelma Rollins ' letterRome, the editor published
the pleasure to
to
on Februarylong have the Maine Indians been misunderstood, together with the
Too
North American Indians generally. The Maine Indians have no wish Thetecome
1ofwhite men" withare in this way differentwish totheremain Indians. to Indians
darker complexions, from Negroes.
thisOfcountryIndian descent myself, butbemoan the fact that my children under
stand onlyMaine few words ofthink Wabanaki languageIndiansI have when able dress
teach go the npow-wow.1 1 They of not perceiveastheir Indian heritage, growing
them, and that they the do themselves that only been they to
up to the non-Indian community.
up in Indiansa should be allowed to maintain their sense of tribal identity if
is I wear not manthrust upon be red which they die,n want.
'itThoughtheirmaywish anda whitehave Cherokee.I ' llthem that man till I do not sang
Rainwater, II'anyself Richards Bounding Elk, reporter for the Rome Sentinel,
Oklahoma ' tie,
Thus as:
and also knownsign Richard M. Gaffney
(From Portland Press-Herald,
LANGUAGE OF M. Clark
by William POLITICS
1 The he said. 'jcrossed on the who to help the Indians
party The Republicans
themselves,allowancelinesprotectpompouspublicfirst effort ordinarily cutandtheirhelp
o�m lunch and gasoline money to the Indians." decided to unbelt give
telephoneive nothing, said. theou mean. purse some of
past
thefts1l WGhatever you call it, the ' �YDemocratsreturn
be
for thei :what ' s startling aboutvoted against thatyou learned yettothat working
rights of common that? Haven't
tency is non-partisan?" in Augusta," he said, "I ' d build a biginconsis
I werelawn and start sending up smoke signals. If anyonefire on
the Indians
me home." them' thats had toidea,1 1 some way to communicate with the stopped 1
back 1 1tell HThat' so· mad," hehave agreed. weren ' would make thatfolks
wouldn t agood day was about thisdawn fort the IV'iagang Indians.wires.1
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r e f er s
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INDIAN
FARMINGTON - S t e phen
S PEAK
a s tud en t at
speak on Ind ian cul ture at the Thur s d ay evening
t er , AAUW .
Af f a ir s at
Mi t che l l ,
last
summer ,
the Univer s i ty of Co l orado and has
and o n r ad i o progr ams
Ind ian prob lems
60
�( 16 )
A 1-'iODES T RE lU°SST
Thurs day , Mar c h 16
S p e aking b e f o re t h e Le gis la t ive Appropr iat ions C ommit t e e in Au gus t a
a t t o rn e y D on C o t e swor t h G e l l e r s o f Eas t p o r t s t a t e d t he I nd ian C ommis
s i o n e r ' s b ud ge t was a c t ually a ve r y mode s t one .
G e l l e rs t o ld how t h e Pa ss ama q u o d dy fear t ha t a l t h ou gh t he 102nd
Le gis l a t ure mad e a good s t a r t t w o y e a r s a g o \f h e n t h e Ind ian de par tme n t
w a s c r e at e d , e v e r y t hing may s t op there.
" T h i s b u d ge t i s an in i t ia l vo.t e
o f c on f i d e n c � ' Ge l l e r s said .
Ge l l e r s t o ld how Indian c hi l d r e n living a t t h e rrin c e t on S t r ip ( a
pa r t o f I n d ian T ovmship ) deve lop s o r e s o n t h e i r b od i e s i n the s uLllll e r f r om
sw im.mi n g in t h e lake .
( G ove rnor C u r t is ' re c omLle ndat i ons w ou l d c on t in ue
t o i gn o r e t he pr e s s i n g ne ed f o r w a t e r and s e we rage fac i l i t i e s at t h e
S t r ip . )
.
Ge lle rs qu o t e d f r o m a B angor pape r de s c r ib ing h ow the Old T own f ir e
d e partme n t r e c e n t ly arrive d t o o l a t e on Ind ian I s land ( P e n ob s c o t R e s e rva
t i on ) to s ave a b urning b uilding and t he sma ll child s t i l l inside . B o t h
w e r e l o s t b e c a u s e t h e r e w a s n o fire fi ght ing e q uip1;1e n t r e ad i ly at hand .
( At one t ime t h e �e n ob s c o t s had s u f f i c ie nt e q uipmen t b ut while und e r
t h e j u r is d i c t io n o f H e a l t h a n d ;ve lfare several y e a r s a g o t h e i r e q uipme n t
w a s t ak e n awa y f r om t h e m a n d give n t o the f i r e d e par tQe n t i n O l d Town
and t 1 e P e n ob s c o t volun t e e r f i re d e par t me n t was disb ande d . )
G e l l e r s a ls o r e m in d e d the C ommi t t e e t ha t C ommi s s i on e r Hin c kle y i s
t he lowe s t paid C ommis s io n e r in A ugu s t a .
( An increase in Hin c k le y ' s
A A l A r y was als o in c lud e d in t h e r e q ue s t e d b ud ge t . )
Ea r l i e r C ommiss i o n e r Hinckl e y p o in t e d o u t that eve r y one of his
r e ommE=> n d A t i ons
for s e rvic e s have b e e n re c on11.1e nd e d b y vari ous priva t e
and s t a t e o r ga n i 7.at i ons f or t h e pa s t 25 ye ars .
And t oday the n e e d f o r
w a t e r , s e w e r a ge , h ousing c on s t r u c t i on a n d a s o c ia l w orke r s t i l l h e ad the
l is t .
R i n c kle y t o l d h ow the Indian we lfar e c a s e s are 111 t o one wo rke r
whi le t he Fe d e r a l s t andar ds a l l ow 60 t o one . T o Re pre s e n t a t ive Lo µ i s Jal
b er·t ' ,ss t at e rii e n t t ha t Indian we l fare w o rkers w ould n o t have t o t r ave l
whi le He a l t h and We lfare worke r s d o n e e d t rave l t ime , H i n c kle y p o in t e d
o u t t ha t t h e t w o Pas s amaq u o d d y r e s e rva t ions a r e s ome 6 0 mi l e s apa r t s o
s ome t r ave l l i n g t ime w o u l d b e ne c e s sary .
As Pas sama q u o d d y G ove rnor J ohn S t e vens of Indian T ownship t o ld the
C ommi t t e e , ' ' Vve a r e sick o f b e in g s urve ye d . hie 1 ve b e e n s urve ye d f o r
years and wha t we n e e d n ow i s a c t i on . "
H i n ckle y t ol d o f r e c e iving s ome t e n le t t e r s fro� o u t o f s t at e vis i
t or s l a s t s umme r w h o a s k e d why n o thing w a s b e ing d o n e a t t he S t r ip t o
h e lp t he I n dian s . ( Al l pr o j e c t s a t t he S t r ip , vis ib ly t h e w or s t o f f , w e r e
a l l p la c e d low on G ov . C u r t is ' li s t o f pri ori t ie s . )
I n d ian G o v . J ohn S t evens t o ld t he C ommi t t e e , " t he money we ask f o r
t o day i s j us t i f ie d b e c a u s e o f t h e ne gle c t o f H e a l t h a n d Ne l fare ove r t h e
pas t . "
A t this p o i n t S e na t or Ri chard B e r ry , C ommi t t e e Chairman int e r j e c t e d
t ha t w e s ho u ld n o t ove r l ook t h e ma j or s t e p f o rward t aken b y t h e 102nd
Le gi s l a t ur e when more mone y t han e ve r b e f o r e was gran t e d the I ndians
t
S e n . B e r r y was as s ur e d this was n o t ove r l o oke l and that t he Ind ianfu
w e r e gra t e f u l t o t h e 102nd . Leg i s l a t ur e .
G o ve r n o r J ohn hi t c he ll o f t he Penob s c o t T � ib e po int e d out t�at s inc e
t h e Pe n ob s c o t s a r e in an indus t r i a l a r e a t h e y have over 90% employm� n t .
The i r gre e t e s t ne e ds a r e for w � t e r and s e w� rage f o r s o�e o f t h e ir memb e rs ,
•
·
( C on tinue d , on Page 17 )
.
�( 17 )
( A MODEST RE�UE3T , c on t ' d f r om Page 16 )
and a C ommunit y B u i l ding in whi c h t o c arry on t r iba 1 f un c t ions and t o
h ous e Indian ar t s and c r a f t s whi c h n ow are b e ing l o s t b e c a u s e t he re is
no p la c e to pr e s e r v e them .
Jo s eph , Nit c h e l l o f t h e Pas sama q u o d d y re s e rv a t i on at Ple asan t
P o i n t s ai d his r e s e rv a t i on ' s gr e at e s t ne e d is p o li c e pr o t e c t i o n .
( I t was a t P l e a s an t Point 16 mon t h s ago that F e t e r F rancis was b e a t e n
Jh e n
b y s e v e r al Mas s a c hus e t t s hun t e rs a n d le f t d y i n g on t he gr ound .
a n o u t s id e p o l i c eman w a s ·c a l le d t o t h e s c e n e he d i d n o t wan t t o 1 1 ge t
inv o lv e d " and le f t t o inv e s t i ga t e a " t ip" h e h a d " r e c e iv e d " o n a c r ime
La t e r one o f t he hun t e r s was ind i c � e d
b e ing c ommi t t e d s ome Lili l.::s away .
f or mans laugh t e r and was a c q ui t t e d . )
D e anna F r an c is , n i e c e o f the la t e Pe t e r F rancis t o l d the C ommi t t e e
that young pe ople o n h e r r e s e rvat i on a t Pleasant P oint n e e d a s o c i a l
w o rker f o r guidan c e . 1 1Young pe ople a r e ge t t in g i n t o t r o u b l e a n d ne e d s om e
one wh o is int e r e s t e d in t h e m t o he lp t h e m ge t a b e t t e r s t ar t in l i f e . ; 1
Pa s s amaquoddy R e pr e s e n t at i v e Ge o r ge Fran c is t o ld t h e C omm i t t e e t o
" s e n d a d e le ga t i on d ovm and j us t s e e h ow w e live . T a lk t o t he pe ople
and see t h e ir c on d i t i ons . "
Ra y B inkl e y , a b us ine s s man f r om the � or t land a r e a spoke in s upp o r t
o f t h e I n d ian b ud ge t as did Repre s e n t a t i v e war r e n C o oks on who in t r o du c e d
t he l e gis la t i on t w o ye ars a g o f o rmi ng t h e new s t a t e D e partment o f Ind ian
Af fairs .
D oris D a v i s , A s s i s tant D ir e c t or o f the Upwar d B ound pro j e c t at
B owd o in C o llege t ol d t h e C ommit t e e t h at Indians should n o t . b e �e re ly
ob j e c t s o f c har i t y ,
In light o f t h i s she sup�o r t e d the C omLJ.i s s i o ne r ' s
b udge t .
F a t h e r Paul Pare , C haplin at Pleasant Point , s t a t e d t ha t t he C a t ho li c
Di o c e s e o f Maine s uppo r t e d 100% t h e Indian B ud ge t . T h e C hu r c h is as
c onc e rn e d f o r t h e I nd ians ' ma t e ri a l we l f�re as we l l as f or their spir i t ua l
we l fare ," Fat h e r Pare s aid
F a t he r S t . Pie rr e o f I n d ian I s land c omme nde d t h e 102nd Le gis lat ur e
and c le ar ly s t a t e d h e h ope d e v e r y t hing w ould n o t s t op t h e r e .
Ge o r ge S t e v e ns Jr . s t r e s s e d that n ow i s t he t ime t o a c t ; n o t t w o
years · f r om n ow .
O t h e r Pe n ob s c o t Indians s upf o r t in g C ommi s s i on e r H in ck le y ' s b u d ge t
w e re R e p r e s e � t a t i v e John Ne l s o n , Penob s c o t Lt . G ov . F r e d N i c h o la i
Ni c ho las S appi e r and E u ge n ia T h omps on .
( S e e this mon t h ' s e d i t o r i a l on
page t hr e e f or a s ummar y of the e d i t or ' s s t at eme n t b e f o r e t he C ommi t t e e . )
Mo r e t han 50 Indians and o t he r int e r e s t e d pe ople at t e nd e d t h e
C ommi t t e e hearin g .
GQv.
·..
• .
•
RESERVATI ON
*
•
•
•
s m� .ER PROJEC'IS
Old T own - T h e Adv i s o r y C ommi t t e e o f t he n e w ly e s tab l i she d D iv i s i on
o f V o l un t e e r S e rv i c e s o f the R oman C at h o l i c D i o c e san B ur e au o f Human
Re lati ons S e r v i c e s will hold its f ir s t me e t ing here honday a t t he P e n ob s c o t
Ind i an R e s e r v a t i o n .
The v o l un t e e r c ommi t t e e was s e t up in Jan uary , b y B i sh o p Pe t e r L .
G e re ty , apo s t o li c admin i s t r a t o r o f t h e D i o c e s e o f P o r tland .
T h e Re v . R ome o S t . Pierre , C a t h o l i c 'Chapl_ain o f t he I n d ian r e s e rv a t i on
and cha irman o f t h e c ommi t t e e , w i l l me e t w i t h t h e 11 c le r gy and lay
me mb e rs o f the c ommi t t e e .
A .s umme r p r o j e c t on t he r e s e .r va t i orui inv o lv ing Maine s e minarians ,
memb e rs o f t h e C hr i s t ian .Fami ly Mov e me n t and c ol l e ge s t u ci e n t s w i l l b e
( C o n t inue d an page 18 )
disc us se d .
�( 18 )
( Pe n ob s c o t S umme r Pr oje c t , c on t ' d f r om pa ge
17 )
Ind ian s p oke sme n t o ld t he d i o c e san o r gan i z a t ion t ha t among t he
imme d i a t e pr o gr ams the y w o u l d like t o s e e s t ar t e d are c u l t ural pro j e c t s
f o � Indian c hi l d r e n .
T h e s e w o u l d inc lude t r ips , r e me dial r e ading and r e c r e a t i o nal
a c t iv i t ie s .
T h e l ong- range p r o grams sugge s t e d b y I n d i an leaders inc lude pub l i c
h e a l t h a n d s o c ia l w o rk pr o j e c t s s u c h as hy�i e n e a n d family l i f e e du c a t i on
p r o grams .
.
( Fr om t h e P o r t land S unday T e l e gram , 3/19/67 . Se e r e l a t ed s t ory on Page 1 2 )
*
•
•
•
•
NAVAJ O GOV GRNl.l • NT IN D1 1·1 GER
I n f orma t i o n r e c e n t ly r e v e a l e d t o a t t orne ys in t he Le ga l D e par twe nt
had v i t a l s i gn i f i c an c e r e s pe c t ing t h e que s t i o n o f the c o nt inue d e x is t e n c e
'
o f t h e s ov e r e i gn gove rnme nt o f t h e Nava j o . T h e r e p o r t t o t h e Nava j o
Tr ib a l C oun c i l , in e f fe c t , sh owe d that t he int e nt o f t he D e par tme n t o f
t he I n t e ri or was t o d o away w i t h s ov e r ign Nav a j o t r ib a l gove rnme n t . The
s i t ua t i o n b e gan in an a t t emp t by Udall to f ire t he Nava j o t r ib e ' s a t t orne y .
T h e S e c r e t a r y o f t h e i n t e r i o r said h e was c on s i d e ring this a c t i on o n t he
gr ounds that he had c r e a t e d t h e C o un c i l by S e c r e t arial Or d e r in 19 3 8 , and
t he r e f or e c o u l d d i s s o lv e i t .
T h e S e c r e t ary ' s O f f i c e a l s o c on s i d e r e d t h e po s s i b i l i t y o f t akin g
ov e r , t h e t r ib e i f it d e e1 e d ne c e s sary .
B u t t h e T r i b a l C ounc i l says i t
h a s ope r a t e d in a n orde r ly 1ann e r , a n d b e s id e s , t h e Nava j o T r ib e has
r e t a ine d i t s s o v e r e ign i t y s in c e t he T r e a t y of 1868 .
I t is t he S e c r e tary ' s opin i o n t h at the T r i o e has no s ov e r e ign it y ,
t ha t i t i s in t h e na t ur e o f a na t i on de pend e n t upon t he U . S .
T h e r e p o r t i n d i c a t e d t h a t in t he e v e n t o f any t ake - ov e r o f t he t r ibal
gove rnmen t , t he f un c t i o n o f t h e C oun c i l would be adv is ory .
( Many S m o ke s , F i r s t �u a r t e r , 1967 )
i
.
.
.
"'
.
C O URT UPHOLDS NAVAJO S OVERIGN IMi 1UNITY
T h e F e d e ra l C ou r t f or t h e D is t r i c t o f Ar i z ona has gran t e d a s ummary
j u d gme n t w h i c h s t a t e s t ha t t he Nava j o T r ib e is a s ov e r i gn e n t i t y w i t h i n
t he 'u s
Judge W a l t e r C ra i g s t a t e d in t he d e c i s i on " t he p o s i t i on o f
G e ne ra l C ouns e l o f t h e Nava j o T r ib e , r e gardle s s o f t he mann e r o f his
e mpl o yme n t and re gard l e s s of the t i t le of · his po s i t i on is c omparab le t o
t he C h ie f Legal O f f i c e r o f t he Un i t e d S ��t e s , and s t a t e s t h e r e df , o r any
p o l i t i c al sub d i v i s i on . "
" l t is t h e opinion o f t h e· C o urt t h a t the pos i t i on o f Gene ral C o uns e l
f o r t he Nava j o T r i b e f a l l s w i t hin t he s c ope o f t he d o c t r ine o f a b s o l u t e
e x e c u t iv e priv i l e ge . "
( Many S m oke s , Re n o , Ne v ada , Fi r s t 0uar t e r , 196 7 )
.
.
.
.
.
..
.
RAMPARTS , a s e v e n t y - f iv e c e n t maga z ine pub lishe d . in S an F r an c i s c o ,
It
C a l i f or n i a has an i n t e r e s t in g ar t i c le in t h e Mar c h , 1967 i s s u e .
In t qe
c on c e rn s T h e Pas samaguo d dy I nd ians , and is wr i t t e n b y D a v i d We lsh .
Apr i l i s s ue o f t h e Ne w s le t t e r a p o r t i on o f t h e s t or y w i l l b e pr e s e n t e d
a l o n g w i t h a n e d i t or i a l c on c e rning t he a r t i c l e . B u t t h o s e o f y o u wh o c an ' t
wait and w o u l d l ike t o r e a d h i s t ory , t r u t h , and f i c t i on a l l in t e r e s t ingly
in t e rw o v e n s h o u l d pur c ha s e Rampa r t s an d ' r e ad t he s t o r y n ow . F o r t h e mos t
par t 1 i t is p r e t t y go o d .
�( 19 )
GOP SEEKS T O CLARIFY Ilill IAfTS ' LEGAL S TATUS
(AP) - Leg i s l a t ive ma j or i ty P.epub l i c an s in s truc ted t�eir l e ader s in
c aucus Wedne sday to s e ar c h f or way s to clarify the tor tuou s comp l exi t ie s of
t he l e gal s t a tu s of Ma ine Ind ian s .
1 ; I d on ' t wan t to depr ive the Ind ian s of the i r t r il: a l r ight s , i . s aid
Rep . Wi l l i am E . Denne t t of Ki t t ery , 1 1but I don ' t wan t to s e e the l e g i s l a ture
s o confu s ed ab ou t this t ha t it doe sn ' t know where i t ' s a t . :
Denne t t made a l eng thy caucus s p e e ch , cen t er ed on a pending b i l l t o g ive
th� non-vo t ing Ind ian repre s e n t a t ive s of the Penob s co t and Pa s s amaquoddy
Tr i b e s the s ame pay and expen s e a l l owanc e s as r e gular memt er s of the l eg i s l a
tur e .
'flie Ind ian s , he s'a id , 1 1 ar e not as s tupid as s ome peop l e wou ld have you
b e l ieve . "
He said they invoke oi: s cure 1 ' trea ty r i gh t s " when i t sui t s the ir
purp o s e bu t they a l s o ob t ain t. er1ef i t s o ther s do no t have and whi ch ar e far
t eyond any treaty agr e emen t tha t may exi s t .
D enne t t s aid he has d one con s ideral l e reading on Ma ine Ind ian a ff a i r s
ov er t he year s and i s wi l l ing to concede t ha t the Penob s c o t Tr ibe doe s have
a val id t r e a t y wi t h Ma ine .
Eut he s aid i t provide s only for 1 1 s o many bu she l s o f corn , so many
bu she l s of whe a t , so much gunpowder , so much sho t , and a supp ly of c a l ico , one
year of red and one year of b lue .
In o ther word s , it has ou t l ived i t s us e
fulne s s . 1 1
I f t h e Pa s s ama quoddy Tr ibe has a treaty w i t h Ma ine , " I wou ld l ike t o
s e e i t , i : he s a id .
D enne t t s a id t ha t i n 1 7 94 , wh ich wa s 2 6 y e ar s b e f or e Maine
s t a t ehood , c ommi s s ioner s from Ma s s achu s e t t s en t er e d into wha t wa s ' ; a t the
mo s t a c ompac t 1 1 und er whi ch t hey gran t ed I nd i an Township and the P l e a s an t
Point r e s ervat ion t o t he Pa s s amaquodd i e s .
' The s o l e con s ider a t i on , ' ' he s a id , • iwas that the Pas s ama quodd.i e s wou ld
c e a s e f rom mo l e s t i 11 g the ir whi t e ne ighb or s . n
Denne t t said t h a t over t he year s , the Ind ians have l e en tr e a t ed a s a
In 1 9 5 3 , when they g o t
f or e ign e l emen t f or s ome purpo s e s , c u t n o t o ther s .
t he vo t e , t hey wer e a l l owed t o vo t e f or mo s t o f f i c er s b u t n o t l eg i s l a t or s .
"Wi thou t doub t , 1 1 he s aid , : 1 in the p as t the Ind ians have b e en finag led
t o qui t e an ex t en t .
Appar en t ly they wer e depr ived o f cer t a in l and s , t r an s
ferred t o whi t e men und er t erms t h a t wer e n o t exac t ly e thical . 1 1
' ;And ye t I c an ' t go a l ong wi t h the ide a that they took away Ind ian own
er ship of l and .
The Indi an s didn ' t own any l and as we und er s t and owner ship
under our Ang l o- S axon c on c ep t s . 1 1
' 'When an Ind ian s o l d l and t o a whi t e man for a t hr e e - c ornered hat or a
hand ful of b e ad s he probably l aughed -up hj s s le eve , b e c au s e he didn ' t own
the l and .
He didn ' t even c l a im t o o"m i t . 1 1
Denne t t s aid t he Ind ian s wan t to pr e s erve t h e ir ' · e thnic pos i t i on as a
peop l e apar t , i ; and thi s 'protab ly c an be done .
But b e fore mucp new l e g i s l a
t ion is p a s s e d , 1 1 some t hing has g o t t o b e d o n e about t h e l aws already o n t h e
b ooks , : ; he said .
1 ' :A l t hough I mig h t b e der ided by the pr e s s as s quirming out of a r e s pon
s ib i l i ty , I think thi s s hou ld b e s en t t o a s tudy . 1 1
(From the Kenneb e c Journ a l , Augu s t a , 3 / 30 / 6 7 )
PAS SAMA"UODDY COMMUEI 'IY ACTION COMMITTEE
The newly - f ormed Pas s amaquoddy Commun i ty A c t ion Commi t te e , whi c h 't'li l l
admini s t er t he Tr ibe ' s r e c e n t l y - fund ed "war o n pover ty n cons i s t s o f Mr . F ranc i s
1 1 R ed 1 1 Sapie l , Mr s . R i t a A l t ava ter , and F a ther Paul Par e , of the P l e a s an t Point
R e s ervat ion , and Mr . Ar chie LaCoo t e , Mr . George S tevens , Jr . , and F a t her Maur i c e
Lemlin , o f the . Ind i an Town ship R e s ervat ion .
Mr . S apiel wa s e le c t ed chairman
( Con t inued on Pag e 20)
�( 20)
( Cont inued from Page 1 9)
of t he c ommi t t e e and Mr . LaCopte the vice - ehairman.
G overnors J0hn S t ev�r 1
( Ind i an To�mshi p ) and Joseph Mitche l l ( P leasan t Poin t ) ar e memb ers of the com
mi t t e e � of fic io.
The commi t t e e has had several me e t ings to review and scr e en appl ications
that have een r e c e ived f or the position of Passama quoddy Commun i ty Ac t ion
Director .
SECOND INDIAH AFFAIItS COMMI TTEE HEAR!
lG
On Mar ch 23rd , the Leg islat ive Ind ian Affairs Commi t tee he ld i t s se cond
pub l i c hear ing of the curr ent sess ion .
F ive t i l ls were 1rough t bef ore the
commit t e e , a l l sponsor ed ty Repr e senta t ive 7arren Cooks on .
They wer e :
L. D. 1 0 6 6 "Al\"! ACT to P.evise the Ma ine Ind ian Housing Au thor i ty Law"
L . D . 106 7 i lAn ACT Re l a t ing to C l er ks of Ind ian Tr ibes and Exc ise Taxes
on No tor Vehi c l e s Paid by Memb ers of the Passamaquoddy Tr ibe of Ind ians"
L.D . 1 0 6 8 1 'AN ACT Re l a t ing to B i enn i a l E l e c t ions of Penobsco t Tr ibe of
Ind ians; ;
L . D . 1 0 94 " AN ACT R e la t ing t o Special Of f i ces for Indian Tr ib e s 1 1
L. D. 1 0 9 5 1 1 AN ACT Re l ating to n i enn ial Elections of Passame quoddy Tr ibe
o f Ind i ans1 1
Among those peop l e testify ing a t the he ar ing were Penob scot ex-Governor
F r an c is Banco , Penobsc ot Tr ib a l Coun ci lwoman Vio l e t Franc is , Penobscot Leg is
l a t ive Represe n t a t ive John Ne lson , Passama quoddy Legisl a t i ve Represen t a t ive
G e orge Fran c i s , Passama�uoddy CAC chairman Fran c i s Sapie l , and Penobscot Lt .
Governor F r ed Ni c o l a.
As of Mar ch 3 1 , the Newsletter underst ands that the two tr ibal e l e ction
b i l l s ( L . D . 10 68
1 0 9 5) which wou l d amend exist ing e l e c t i on l aws o f the two ,
Trib es , wer e r epor t ed from the comrnit t e e with 1 1 0ugh t to Pass' ' recommendations
and ar e continu ing norma l progr ess in t he legislature .
The o ther thr e e b i l ls
have n o t y e t b een r epor t ed ou t of t he committe e ; some amendment s ar e b e ing
soug h t for L . D . 1067 to make it more inc lusive .
·
&
AMPHENOL DEDI CATES
HEW
PLANT ON
LAlID
LEASED FROM SEMil OLES
The S emino l e Ind ian Tr ibe of F l orida , whi ch once sen t a l l i ts messages
runner , soon wi l l become l and l ord for a p l ant that wi l l be the ro lrd's
l argest manu fac tur er of e l e c tron i c connec tors for the t e l e - commun i c a t ion indus
try
A 3 2 , 40 0 squar e foot p l an t bui lding was construc t ed on the ten- acre
tract o f l and l e ased by Amphenol Corpor a t ion of Chi cago from the S emino les in
an agr e emen t signed last Jun e .
ALout one -half t he initia l work f or c e o f 200
ui l l 1 e c ompr ised of local Ind i ans , t he company announced
(From the U. D . Depar tment o f t he I n t er ior , 3 / 1 5 / 6 7 )
by
•
.
•
.
.
�!BAL SELF -RULE I S CLOSER
By Ja� W a l z
IN
•
.
•
CA1'1ADA
4
OTTAHA , l'ar ch
.1.
- The C'anad i an Governmen t committed i t se l f t h i s week
to swe ep ing changes a imed at g iving wicl er freedom of de� ision to the coun try ' s
mor e than 250 , 000 Ind i ans and ' Eskimos .
When the steps under way ar e comp le t ed , the Ind i ans on r eserve s , num
ber ing about ?. 1 5 , 000 , wi l l te ab l e ' t o make t he ir aim d e c isions on local mat ters
Lar g e numt ers of the Ind i ans r emain skepti c a l , but others take hope that
the Governmen t , 100 ye ars after the found ing of the C anad i an c onfederation ,
wi l l sur e ly L ack up i t s promises wfth deeds .
( Con � inued next month)
• •
• •
•
�IF
YOU
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l"IAINE IND IAN NEWSLETTER
Pine S tr e e t
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Freeport, Maine
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Title
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Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
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Title
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<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (March 1967)
Creator
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ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
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Colby College
Date
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1967-03
Contributor
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Julia Brush
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Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
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English
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Document
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pdf
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DV-470
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https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/6f90c8c006e4521eb15068ac95725846.pdf
feefbc1c9014ce48299463134a30c945
PDF Text
Text
MAIN-......
IA
NEWS L
VOLUME
2, NUMBER B
?--� 1
FRID Y - SATURDAY - Stni'DAY
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TTER
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July 12 - 13 - 14
-.
I(
�
SECOND Af-i"NUAL NE
ENGLIND
IND IAN
POWWOW
Circle 9 Ra nch, Rte. 28, Epsom, New Hamp shire.
All Indians and Hobbyist's are cordially invited
to attend the 2nd Annual New E ng la nd Indian Powwow.
Here, you will find
a beautiful woodland glen, set aga inst a backdrop of green mountains.
The s_acious grounds provide an area with more than ampl e space for
parking and camping. Also, all facilities are available on the
premises.
PROGRAI'-I:
A vast variety of activities await you.
There will be the
lar gest and most beautiful Tipi V illa ge in the entire East, Art & Craft
workshops, Indian Foods, Indian D a ncin g and Sones. Also, many articles
Only merican
for sale, which have been handicrafted by Indians.
Indian made goods lill be offered for sale. There ·.Jill be Powwow
dancing of all types and the music will again be sup�lied by:
"THE h i'D ICI JE DRUiv1 SINGERS & DANCEl.IB OF NEW YORK"
Continuous activities until early morn.
CAMPING:
Tipi's and tents may be set up beginning Friday, the 12th,
a fter 10 A.M.
All tipi's will be grouped in the village area and all
other type tents will be located in an adjacent area.
Campers will
sup ly their own bedding, food, fuel, etc.
Good housekee�ing � ill be t�e direct responsibility of each and every
camper. Motels, Resturants, Groceries and other stores are within
easy reach. There wil l be a food concession on the grounds operated by
our gracious host, Clyde Joy.
PRIZES:
This year the prize money has been more than doubled and more
categories have been added to make this year's Powwow more attractive
to all participants.
4th
2nd
1st
Traditional Dancing:
'
Senior
Junior
·
20.00
io.oo
10.00
5.00
5.00
3.00
(Cont'd on page 2 )
�. .
' •
./
-
2 -
�
... :
I
(PO"Vlf"VOW, Cont'd from page 1)
Fancy Dancing:
lst
Senior
·20. 00
Junior
. 10.00
Women's Dancing: All 10.00
Tiny Tot' s:
All
10.00
Tipi Contest
25.00
·
2nd
lo . on
5.00
5.00
5.00
20.00
.
3r d
5.00.
3. 00
3.00
3.00
15.00
4th
5th
10.00
5.00
'
-1968 NEW ENGLIND INDIAN DANCE CRAF IO ISliIPSRibbons will also be awarded along with the prize money. Also,
an added attr�ction, for all, who work many months making their own
Indian regalia: AN INDIAN STYLE SliOv, which will include the following
categories;
Eastern Men and Women's and Nestern Men and Women's.
For Reservations or
Information, write:
N. E .P . A.
P.O. Box 47
N orth : eare, N. H. 03 281
Sponsored by the:
N ew England Powwow Association, Inc.
Deering-P.o. Box 47
North Weare, N. H. 03281
v
..
.A.
-
J�
COMM. H INCKLEY EXPLAIN S CUTS IN Il\JDIAN SERVICES
Commisioner Hinckley held a meeting at St. Ann's School in Peter
Dana �oint to explain what the cuts in Indian services were and why it
was necessary to make t�mpo�art cuts. In brief, these are the cuts made.
Effective on March ist.
1. No collect calls at the Indian office.
2. :1'bmilk deliveries.
No clothing orders·.
3.
No prescriptions or visits to the doctor's office will be paid.
4.
5. No transportation to the doctor' s office will be paid.
Hinckley expalined that these cuts were necessary because the Dept,.
of Indian·_,Affairs has only $30, 000 to last it till July when a new fisca.
year begins. The Department didn't have enough money because of these
no guidelines on how the money was t o'fil.e spent, uneocpecy d
three reasons;
!
repairs, and the increased cost of medical sup�lies. From now on, Indian
fund money will be doled out.in the form of budgets which.will be set up
for everyone getting assistance from the Department of Indian Affairs.
Thene is a chance that some services will be restored when the
next fiscal year begins in July.
(From the Wigwam Weekly, Indian Township, l\iaine, 3/le.;l.68)
NEWS FROM ALASKA
'
Howard Rock is an Eskimo from the tiny village of Point Hope, Alaska.
He was the first person from his village to attemd college. After four
years at the University of Washington and a short career as an ivory
carver, he went home to Point Hope to find his.people worried about gov�
ernment plans to explode an atomic bomb to make a harbor. He helped .
(Continued on page 6)
�(3 )
nDIA1'1S 0
JARPATH IN DAY STAm COURTS
by ·Ti l liam Ui l liams on , aine Sunday Te leg:ram
and Uobert L. Turner , Boston Sunday Globe
_
On Chr i s tma s eve , 1 7 76 , George Was hing ton warned the· Passamaquoddy Indians
never to " turn your hearts aga ins t me and your bre thren of this count�y. 11
After
1 74 years of poverty and hope l e s sne s s , Maine ' s Pas samaquoddy Indians are on
the warpath again.
The 600 Ind ians are a.1 1 tha t is left of the once powerful
Passam aquoddy tribe which used t o own a big chunk of northern and eastern Maine .
W i t h the aid of two lawye rs , the Indians have fi led a court s uit s e eking
more than $150 mi l lion ca s h and other damag e s .
Their legal coun s e l i s Eas�port
at torney D on C . Ge l l ers , who has been working more than five years in prepara
t i on of the law s uit .
To try the case, Gel lers has enlis ted the aid of Bos ton
la�'1}7er John S . o t toml ey , who served as an a s s i s tant Massachus e t t s a t t orney
genera l under Edward Brooke , no� a U. s. Se nator.
Gel lers has tried for
severa l years to make Mas sachus e t ts of ficia l s l i s ten to h i s argument .
He even
visi ted the office of Edward l
Brooke when he was at torney general.
His e f
fort s were frui t l e s s un til he con tacted John S. Bot tomley .
Ge l lers and Bot tom
ley worked ou t the sui t filed Friday in Suffolk County Superior Court.
D uring the American Revolution , no l e s s . a revo lutionary than Gen. George
·ashing ton ca l led upon the Passamaquoddy tribe to aid the col onie s in the ir
ba t t l e for ind epend ence.
They responded to the ca l l and are credit ed wit h a
number of victor ie s over the Eng l ish .
Eu t after the Revolu t ion , a l l wa s no t
peace and harmony b e tween the Ind ians and their white neighbors·, and by 1 790
i t became obvious tha t previous agreements were insufficien t to ensure good
re lations .
The resul t was the treaty of l 79l� b e tween the Ind ians and the
state of Mass achu s e t ts .
In those days , Maine was mere ly a d i s trict of t he Bay
Sta te .
Und er i t s t erms , t he Ind ians were g iven 15 islands in the Schoodic (nmv
St. Croix ) River ; the Ind ians als o re ta ined a 23 , 000-acre township near Prince
ton; 10-acre Lewey ' s Island facing the towns hip; 100- acre Mencass Point ad j oin
ing the t ownship; 1 50-acre Pine Is land , off Nemca s s Point; and 10-acre s on
Pleasant Poi n t in Perry .
The treaty a l s o a s s igned to the Indians fishing
"rights on both branches of the St . Croix River and perpe tua l right s t o u s e
Subse quen t
a SO-acre s i t e near Lubec a s a mee t ing and :'sit ting down" p lace .
to the treaty , in 180 1 , the Mass achus e t t s General Cour t de eded an addit ional
9l} acres at Ple a s an t Point to the t'ribe , giving the Ind ians jus t over 100 acre s
there .
The on ly exce p t ion to Indian sovreignty_ on the s e land s was a tre aty
st ipµlat ion that Massachu s e t t s cou ld take "pine tre e s fit for mas ts" from reser
vation land s .
The Ind ians were to be paid for any such tre e s taken.
A l l o ther lands previously considered by the Ind ians to be theirs went
to Massachuse t ts und er the treaty - mi l lions of acre s comprising wha t is now
·7ashing ton Coun ty , and most of Hancock and Aroos took Counties.
Massachuse t ts recognized tha t thi s massive land l oss by the Ind ians severe
ly l im i t e d the ir ability to pursue their trad itiona l means of gain ing a l iving .
So the treaty included a further boon.
In re turn for g iving up their land s ,
the Ind ians were promi s eq everlast ing support.for themse lves and the ir he irs.
Massachuse t ts agre ed t0 provide each year the tribe ' s necessi t ies .
That was
in 1794 and t hat's whe n a l l of the present trouble re a l ly began .
In the first p l ace , the 15 i s land s deeded to the Ind ian s didn't b e long
to Massachuse t ts.
They'd b e en so ld the ye ar before to one Wi lliam Bingham .
Also , a f te r the tre aty had been rat ified by the Genera l Court , Massa
chusetts began al lowing non-Ind ians to cu t timber from reservation land s , whe t he r
And they were never
"pine trees fit for masts" or not , the Indians cl aim .
paid for any of these t imbe r los s e s , they add .
In add ition , the suit claims , the Ind ians have never see n a penny of the
$37,471.03 g iven by Massachuse t ts to Maine in 1822 to e s tab l ish a trust fund
for them.
Added to this sum is ano ther $30 , 000 paid by Massachuse t t s to Maine
(Conti nued on Page 4)
•
_
�(4)
( Continued from Page 3)
t o a.�ow t he new s t ate to honor the 1794 treaty obligations.
In 1819 the
Hassacimse· t t s General Court approved the crea tion of the s ta t e of Maine via
a Compact o f Separa t i on .
Among i t s many o ther provi sions, th9 Co�pact states:
11The new s tate s hall a s s ume and perf orm a l l t he dut ies and ob l ig a t i ons of this
Commonwea l t h t oward s the Ind ians, whet her t he s ame ari se from treat ies or
o therwi s e . "
I t add s t ha t Maine mu s t "obtain t h e a s s ent o f said Ind ians and
t heir re lea s e t o thi s Commonwea l th o f c laims and s t ipulat ions ari s ing under
t he treaty ex i s t ing w i th said Ind ians . "
Thus Maine agreed to a s s ume all
trea ty ob l igat ions and t o get a release from the Ind ians freeing Mas s achuset t s
from any further res pons ib i l i ty .
Ma ine d i d nei ther .
A l t hough i t d id ob tain a release from the Penobsco t s
and s igned i t s own trea ty w i t h them, n o such re lease w a s ever go t ten from the
Pas s amaquoddy tribe .
The Pa s s amaquod dies d id no t approve the trans fer and
t herefore feel t hey s t i l l have a l e gal cl aim again s t Mas sachuse t t s .
Having p laced t he $30 , 000 from Mas s achus et t s in i t s general fund, Maine
then faced t he prob lem of meet ing the support ob l igat ion it had agreed to
��s"me.
Naine came up w i t h such fund s by leas ing out timber-cu t t ing righ t s
o n Indian re servation land s, which t he Ind ians claim was i n d irect vio lat ion
of t he 1 794 t reaty wh ich Maine had vowed to honor .
Mas s achuset t s happ ily
s o la off Nemcas s Point and Pine I s l and to a non-Ind ian wi thout any compensat ion
to the tribe .
Maine· sold o f f. parce l s o f t he 23 , 000 acres at Ind ian Township, t o t a l ing
1
7 , 9 60 acres, to non-Indians and tod ay about 30 ind ividual s have t i tle to t hese
land s .
About 2 , 9 70 acres o f t he township have been flooded and submerged
b y dams bu i l t in con j unc t ion wi th non-Indian logging operat ions on the reser
vation.
The Ind ians a l s o cite vio lat i on of their trea ty lagds in o ther way s .
Alt hough mo s t o f the a l leged trea t y violat ions were comm i t ted und�r Maine ' s
aus p ices, the tribe c l a ims t ha t Mas sachuset t s, as the party t hat made the
1 794 trea ty, is legal ly res ponsLb le for all i t s woes .
Had Maine ob tained
a release from t he Ind ians freeing Massachuset t s from i t s treaty ob ligat i ons,
t he Bay S tate wou ld be in the clear , at lea s t s ince 1820.
Bu t no release
was ever ob t ained .
By far t he l arges t port ion of the monetary claim agains t Massachuset t s
i s contained i n a s ing le i t em - t he $34 , 4 71 fund t ha t Mas s achuset t s set as ide
in 1822 , t o cover "a l l deb t s, annu i t ies and Ind i an s ub s idies or claims due by
t he Commonwea l t h . "
Since it was a tru s t fund, the Ind ians say t hey are
And
ent i t led no t only to the s um i t sel f b u t to compound in tere s t as wel l.
s ince 1822 , the orig inal $37 , 4 71 f igure would be worth in exces s o f $150 million
t o day ,at a 6% inves tment ret urn rat e .
Shou ld Mas s achu se t t s l o s e t he cas e and be held l iab le for mult i -mill ion
d o l l ar damages, there seems l i t t le doupt'tha t Maine in turn wou ld f ind i t sel f
S ince Ma ine agreed to accep t all of Ma s s achuset ts 11 ob l igat ions
in cour t .
under t he 1 7 94 treat when it became a s tate, t he Bay S tate can c laim improper
Alt hough Maine can
act ion by Maine i f the Ind i ans win the current cas e .
claim s ovreign immunity in a case agains t t he s t ate by the Ind ians, i t can ' t
Mas s achuset t s can sue Maine for
d o s o i f Mas sachu s e� t s wan t s ·to bring s u i t .
d amages in the U . S . Supreme Cour t .
Alt hough the comp l a int f i led Friday in Suffo lk Coun ty Superior Court
d oesn ' t name s peci f ic d amage amoun t s , it is po s s ib le to put a fairly close
These w i l l probably be aired when
d o l lar va lue on a number o f i t s claims .
the cas e i s being argued.
It i s rel iably reported tha t t he Ind ians w i l l s eek $500 , 000 for t he i s
land s they.iwere promi s ed i n t he treaty, even t hough Ma s s achuset ts had already
s o ld t hem at treaty t ime .
They p l an t o s eek ano ther $1 mi l l ion for lost f i shing righ ts; about
$2 mi llion for t he 7,960 acres o f reserva t ion land s o l d to non-Ind ians by
(Con t inued on Page 5)
�(5)
Maine; and
(Continued from Page
$1.5
4)
million for the lands submerged by non-Indian lumber operations.
They'll ask principal and compound interest on the $2,486 taken from
their trust fund by Maine and given as damages in the case naming them as tres
passers on one of the St. Croix River Islands.
That would come to more than
$400,000.
Lost hunting rights are named as reason for damages of about $750,000, and
another $400,000 will be asked in damages for the loss of voting and civil
rights the Indians claim.
The tribe is also seeking a court ordered accounting for the loss of timber
from reservation lands as uell as an accounting for the loss of gravel taken by
It is also seeking an accounting of the $30,000 that Massachusetts
the state.
gave Maine in 1820 to compensate the new state for its obligations to the Indians.
In all, the total damages being sought by the tribe range betw·een $150
and $200 million dollars.
Although some of Maine 1 s Indians are too overwhelmed
by the magnitude of the case to grasp the effect a legal victory could have on
the tribe, John Stevens, chief of the Indian Totmship Reservation, re.mains un
perturbed.
Stevens smiled recently when asked ho·J he felt about the upcoming
litigation.
A long time ago ·we sold Massachusetts a
"I feel damned good about it.
Fe think they 1 re going to
1hole lot of real estate, and they never paid us.
have to now.
r/e may lose, I lmow that, but we don't think we 1 re going to.
And
if we win, well that'll be the end of a long wait for us, arid we'll begin to
This
ay ue should've been able to for the last 175 years.
ork the
live and
is the first real chance He 've had, and 1e're thankful for it. u
Bottomley said Saturday, 11I have great confidence in the fairness and ob
jectivity of our court system and
I
think the record is clear that there has been
He said he knew
a consistent breach of contract over a long period of years."
the amount of money involved would ma{e the case a political issue but added
that he is 11nai ve enough" to believe that the amount would no t affect the court's
decision.
The Passamaquoddy tribe will have to tvai t a :-Jhile longer before it learns
the fate of its venture in the courts.
But the waiting is different nou, be
cause it is accompanied by hope.
Further action
in
the case has been put off until May 27, when Massachusetts
Attorney General Elliot L. Richardson
suit's allegations.
(Fran
lri.11
be required to file answers to the
the Boston Sunday Globe, 3/10/68, and the Maine Sunday Telegram,3/10/68)
INDIAN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN SEEKS HOUSE SEAT
EASTPORT -
Sen.Herald J. Beckett of Eastport will seek the Republican
nomination in the June Primary for Representative to the Legislature.
to represent the towns of Eastport,
Perry,
He hopes
Robbinston, Charlotte, Meddybemps,
and all towns nort of Indian Township to Danforth.
(Under the reapporti�nment
act paf!Ed by the 103rd Legislature, the Pleasant Point and Indian Township Vot
ing Districts are also included in this area. - Ed.)
As a senator in the present 103rd Legislature, Beckett was chairman of
chairman of the Committee on Liquor Control,
the Committee on Indian Affairs,
a member of the Sea and Shore Fisheries Committee and a member of the .Committee
While a member, he presented a bill which removed all
on Engrossed Bills.
Beckett presented another bill regarding
He is credited with playing a large role in saving from
defeat a bill authorizing a bond issue for minimum improvement on sewerage, san
itation on one Indian reservation and improvement and additional school class
tolls from Jonesport-Beals Bridge.
district court costs.
This bond issue will be voted
rooms on all three Maine Indian reservations.
(Bangor Daily News, 3/22/68)
on at the June 17 Primary Election.
�(6)
( News from Alaska, continued from page 2)
org ni � e a protest which stalled the palns. He saw fron that experience
that his people needed a newspaper. Communication was difficult because
of the great distances in A laska. So, with some financial help froru a
doct.or in Massachusetts, Rock started the Tundra Times.
Now the Tundra Times, published weekly in Fairbanks, is thriving.
! t has been in strumental in uniting the Eskimo, Indian, an d Aleut peoples
in A laska, and in getting them representation in the State Legislature.
More than anything, the paper reflects its con stituency. It is a rare
chronicle of an old and gen tle civilization attempting to cope with new
an d strange problems .
To a distan t observer, the paper is quaint, but the problems are
real. Even the desire for progress isn't un aminous.
" School, school, school, " a reader from Nulato, Alaska, complains,
" that's all I ever read every time I pick up your paper
We need some
thing more than schooling in our villages, cold storage, water well, in
stead of throwing money away for schooling. Too much schooling is no
good; you get too smatt for nothing and lazy. You live longer if you
use your muscles like me."
Tundra Times, Box 1287, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99701, 25 cents per c6py
$8 a year by regular mail, $19 by airmail.
(From the Villa�e Voice, New York, 3/14/68)
•
LAW
•
•
•
SChOOL SCHOLARSHIPS
FOR INDIANS
Special scholarships in law are being offered to A�8rican Indians
again this year by the University of New iexico.
The UNM Law School is presenting, for the secon d year, the Special
Scholarship Program in Law for American Indians. The pror.ra: will
Students
consist of an eight-week " pre-law" pro8'ram, beginning June 17.
selected to continue in the program after the sum1 er session will enroll
in law school as regular studen ts in the fall.
The purrose of the program is to encoura�e In dian s to enter law
school and to help them obtain this objective.
Students selected for participation will receive substantial
scholarship grants. Each studen t selected ill be awarded a tuition
scholarship, travel Lnd book allowances, and a grant for living
expenses.
The amount of the gran ts rlill depend u�on the student's need,
but it is anticipated they will range from $1,000 to $1,500 for the
eight-week sur1:liiter session, and from $2, 500 to $6, 000 for the academic
year.
The great n eed for Indian lawyers is evidenced by the fact that
there are no Indian s practicing law in either lirizon a or New l1�exico
even thougp the Indian population of the two states is probably close
to 200,000.
It is ho··ed that the New Mexico program will attract Indians who
are presently in their third or fourth year of college, those who will
graduate this June, and individuals who have graduated during the past
five yea.rs.
Since the :program has no prescribed college pre-law program,
students majoring in an y subject are eligible.
Last year, in the first year of the program, 18 applicants repres
sen tin g 13 tribes were accepted for the summer portion. Seven of these
were undergraduate students who had not completed undergraduate work.
Of the 18, n ine were eligible for law school last September, and seven
were accepted an d are n ow regular law students. Those interested in mak
ing application should contact Professor F.M.�art, University of New
Mexico Law School, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106.
�07)
E D
THE
INE IND I N
EDITOR:
I T 0 R I
A L
S
NE�vsLETTER
Eugenia (Thomas) Thompson
(Penobscot)
News and stories may be submitted to the Newsletter for publication
at the follot ing addresses:
Pine Street
news items
Freeport, Maine 04032
opinions
or
statements
Mary Yarmal
stories
Plesant Point Reservation
ideas
Perry, Maine 04667
jokes
or
cartoons
Morris Brooks
information
Indian Township
recipes
Princeton, Maine 04668
hints
or
memos
Carol D ana
remedies
Indian Island
suggestions
Old Town, Maine 04468
complaints
gripes
predictions
THE HORSE IS STOLEN, NOv� WBAT
•
•
•
You' ve heard that expression of putting tlje lock on the door, after
the horse is stolen. We would like to apply this expression to the recent
fire that occurred on the Pleasant Point Reservation. What this means is
the fire equipment w as made ready after the house burned down.
Mary Yarmal, our reporter from Pleasant Point, and her six children
were left homeless following the fire which was caused by a•flooded oil
(See story on page 17.) There was no volunteer fire company at
burner.
Pleasant P6int Reservation. The nearest one at Perry,�2� miles away took
an half-an-hour to arrive, and the volunteer fire company at Eastport
took 45 to 50 minutes to arrive.
The pump truck from Perry, failed to function properly. The hydrant
failed to function bee use it was clogged with mud and debris.
I �as present at the hearing at the State House, a year ago, and
heard Louis Jalbert, Rep. from Lewiston, assure the Indian governor that
the fire fighting equipment could be obtained from the Civil D efense
with no problem. This alternative was given when Mr. Jalbert explained
that appro� iations ould not be approved as requested by the Commissioner.
In the present case it is difficult to find any one person�to blame
for what happened. Everyone is to blame.
Perry obvi0uAly lacks pride in keeping its fire equipment in proper
shape. Eastport feels no compulsion to respond quickly to an out of town
call. And a fire hydrant filled with mud? I don't know whose fault this i·
I haven't heard any complaints over the past year from the Indians
failing to obtain fire equipment. But·tbe problem was jµst as serious
at the Penobscot Reservation in Old Town where less than a year ago, a
tragedy occurred because the Old Town fire coi.1pany did not arrive in time.
SeverRl of the Indians present at the time were certain it could have
saved a child's life if they had their own equipment.
(Continued on page 8)
�(8)
(Cont�nued from page 7 )
Why didn't they have their own equipment?
Because Health and #elfare
officials took it away, and gave it to the Old Ta1n fire cmpany several
years ago, telling them that they did not need tl•is equipment and that
Old Town was close enough to do the job.·
There are many federal, state programs to help with tribal problems
but you can keep pulling rabbits out of a hat only so iong
If this
necessary equipment cannot be obtained from any of these programs then
the reservations should �eel compelled to raise the woney theLlselves if
necessary to obtain the equipment. Many small communities throughout
Maine have done just that and have not pad�tb pay out· a·grcut
gr.
deal of money.
In other words,. many problems becume evident during this last fire,
and it should be clear that the Reservations can no longer depend upon
outsiders for help in meeting such emerg�enciese
It' s time we thought
about getting some of our own equipment even though it means sacrificing
in some other areas.
Perhaps then future tragedies can be prevented.
•
•
•
c.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Gentlemen:
Pertaining to the Maine Indian Newsletter, I would appreciate receiv
ing the regular monthly issue.
I came from Peter Dana Point, Princeton, Maine. I live here in
Cambridge, Mass., with my two children and my darling wife.
On the reservation, I am better kno�n as,(flamin g arrow) or
(War Cloud) . Here in �1ass, I work, and play sports on my spare time,
sports such as Golf, Basketball, Boxing, Track, and Hurdles, and also
three trophies, one from Box ing, one from Track, aand one from Hurdles.
The Maine Indian Newsletter, (to 1e) , will be of great help to
LY people in the near future. Thank you.
Dennis Tomah
Dear Mrs. Thompson:
Enclosed a money order for the Indian Newsletter.
We all enjoy reading it very much, keeps us informed on what�s
going on at the three Reservations.
My son s.v,.c. Francis J. Nicholas arrived from Viet Nam. He has
been on voluntary duty for• lB months, normal duty is 12 months, he' s
a Special F orces man, We thank God for his safe return.
No more milK. No fuel.
I read Mr. Edward Hinckley gave an order:
No more medication or Dr. Bills will re paid.
How can one Man give such an order??
I read in the January Newsletter th�t he, Ur. Hinckley told the
LegiRlatnrs and State Officials, he would let the Indians decide where
the cuts shall be made. He said, quote " I plan to l et the Indians
they are the ones who are going
decide where tl1e cuts shall be made;
to be hurt.
Hurt we will b e, for the poor. I remember two cases, where a man,
Noel Francis, a woman, Mrs. Myra Dana, died, because they has no author
ization from the Indian Agent. They were not admitted in the Hosp�tal.
I am afraid the same will happen now, if no one isn' t allowed to enter
the hospital.
What' s happening in our Reserve�reminds me so illUCh of what hap;ened
in 1943. �Jhen Hitler gave �n order to the thousands of Jewish prople,
to take steam baths, instead of steam baths, they �alked (naked) illen,
women, and children into the gas ch�Llbers.
(Continued on pa�e 9)
�- 9 (Continued from paGe e)
I al00 believe we :01ade a very serious 1<Iistat:e 17hen we transfered
from Health and �elfare to Indian D e� artment.
ve have never been dei;rived of � 1edicati o n , fuel, etc before.
;
e jumped from the frying
pan
in�o
the the fire.
I could tell
hr. Edward Hinckley where the cut should be wade.
Cut his salary and
his staffs, and he should let the Govervor £nd Council (Indians) decide
where the cuts shall be made.
In his own words, we ar� the ones who
will be hurt.
Yours truly,
Nrs.
r.1argaret A.
S L,ring
Lake,
I\icho·las
l.'1. C.
Sirs:
Your
attention is called to t1e followi11g
ap1eared in In<lian Voices,
wint�r
1968,
p.
announcement
which
)0.
"A bill has r.Jcently been passed by Congress and
signed by the !-'resident ·which
financial aid to local
is designed to
are students w.ho speak another language than
in the home and whose
give
school districts where there
"nglish
fauiilies have a low incm.!e.
Specifically,
this pro�ram
up
in both English and the native langua0e.
curriculu
Anyone inteJ.�e ted in
ar-a and
write to:
nho wants
ill �id schools in
setting
this program for their local
ore information about it should
Dr. Samuel L.
Stanley
Office of Anthropology
Smithsonian Institution
.:./ashington,
D. C.
205601 1
Sincerely yours,
viillard ·Valker
Dear Sir:
flease
-
-
-
.
Sgt.
Princeton,
send the
11l•aine Indian Newsletter•·
to S/Sgt 11.J.
Lewey is the son of Delia hitchell of fhe Strip,
and is now stationed at Long Benh, South
t aine,
Lewey,
Vietnam.
enjoyed receiving the Newsletter while we, were in the
Canal Zone, and I know he will ap1reciate continuing to receive
Than!'- you.
news from home during the coming year.
·_1e
f.'irs.
H.J.
Leuey
(The
following letter is from Descendants of Aillerican Indians of
N.H.
Inc.
Dear
It regards the
announcement on par.e one of this issue.)
1rs. Eugenia Thoillpson,
Sago:
.11uch and vrnuld like to
I have enjo3ted your Newsletb.?r v_ery
As you are probably aware, the
anticipate the swap�ing of news.
.E. �owwow we ran in ii;psom, N. H., last sumuer was highly success
co ....1in6 year.
As
ful and plan �ven a bigger and better one this
there
is
no Indian Reserves or even a BIA
(Continued on
page
10)
here in N.H.
I
was very
�- 10 (Continued
from pa�e
9)
surprised to find so many );eople here from all
so many various tribes.
Jviany of our
85
over the country and of
members are from Old Town,
P .E. I. , and even a full
an electronics engineer in 1�anchester.
With your approval, I would like to subwit, to your newsletter
a
brief history of our group for some future issue.
If, this would
a reeable, please advise me and feel free to send us any news you
vould
�
like to cover this area and I
1iil make certain it is in our �onthly
newsletter.
Tulooded Navajo,
who is
b;
Find enclosed my subscription and fee for the 1968 year; even
though entitled to a free subscription, I know one cannot continually
operate out of ones own pocket forever or spend hours out selling adver
tisement
to cover
costs.
Sincerely;
I
Oneh:
Hagewa •/illiams
(Editor's note:
Our readers may look_forward ·to reading about the above
organization in a future issue.)
Dear Editor;
I am writing in reply to helen
Miss Ross claims there
ago.
Ross's letter of a couple of months
H.
illore concerned in this
·She is perfectly right.
generally known."
Cox and i'.ir.
''is
',·fillia1"lson,
·
ihose articles she
is�ue th�n is
She· also sug;;,l.:!sts that Iir.
port and get
so ... e facts
•11 ,
"Go to F.ast
not facts.
26th of !Ugu�t,
began.
places
nut 1ber of
of
occassions
�ublicly and
as an authority on Maine's
he wrote
about
Indian issues.
and other
regards to this
he has been asked to speak
articles which
has
last couple of years hnd
He has also travelled and called many other
facts.
all over New England in
Furthermore,
actually
a11d the hvo ?assawaquoddy
Mr. Williamson has been to ::'astport
many
She left F.astport the
before the is�ue she r_fcrs to
a full week
reservations a good many tiraes in the
gathered many,
in her letter,
she,
However,
she says.
stated only vague insinuations,
should
clai:jJS to have read,
go to E astport and find out more about what is concerned.
privately on a
One series
Indians.
India.ns for the I"iaine Sunday
the
!�l �_g.!:.�.� nett<;d hiiil an i1.1portant nreos award.
I have also been to Eastport and ?leasant Foint.
The third night
of my firot visit to Nashington County was quite an experience, in fact.
I was rudely a ·akened by state
the home of the
police officers who had
fa,".iily whose guest
illegally entered
I v;�,s for the weekend.
Three days
I wrote a letter to Governor Curtis and the Chi�f of State Police
I was promptly promised
and requested an investigation of the matter.
later
immediate inve�tigation with
an
more than six
But
A
letter to
second
the
notification of
personal
I have
months later
governor
received
no results
and a
personal
visit
headquarters in Augusta have been fruitless in
satisfactory answe�,
by
If
although
I am
i1Jiss Ross is
not mistaken,
County De>11ocratic Committee.
I
a
wonder how
apr·ointment of a Republican to repl.:tce the
herself
like
both
once
belonged
position,
and
and the
governor.
she
11)
olice
.Jashington
f els abot1t the :._;overnor' s
late �ir.
co�
S::,.rague,
a Democrat
ittee to which she
D on Gellers, _a Democrat,
repeatedly urged his ap].ointment to the
on page
·
getting a coillplete and
former :ne;:;ber of the
The very
unanililously sup,_.orted Lr.
(Continued
whatsoever.
to st�te
I was twice interrog�ted at great length
police officials.
state
its results.
position.
for the
�- 11 -
(Continued from page 10)
kiss Ross asked �eter Cox in her letter
'Do you question the integ
rity of Gov. Curtis and tile State Police?it
v'� ell, if thec.e things aren' t
enough to make anyone question it, I' 11 re1r.ind her of sor.1athi
ne, else
she must remember reading in one of iir .'Hlliarason' s c;.rticles or hedring
on the radio or seeing on television.
I was disruis�ed fr� my teaching job t�o days after my
first
appearance as a witness for tbe defense in the trial bf Daniel Bassett
et al vs. the State of i'i.aine, as the reoult of a phone call
from the
state attorney general's office in hugusta to hlY em�loyer. That phone
call was made the day fallowing my court ap1;earance.
iss Ross does que.stion tLe integrity of Lr. Ge llers, the Indi<J.n!s
attorney in the Bassett' case and the tribal lcind suit against the State
Is he 11working for the Indians or for hii11self? " she queries.
of l'laine.
It it's for himself, it is certainly not for financial or political
gain. The only c.lyraent the Passai.1aquo.:ldies Gt.re able to mak e hiru for,
his services is an occasional load of firewood, ince the state govern
m en t refused the tribe the use of its own trust fund money to pay an
attorney in their land treaty case.
h.nd wit,J the refusal of the
g overno r to appoint hiw county attorney, �r. Gellers is certainly not
profitin p o liticall y .
iss Poss feels a lot of disreputable �eople are to be
Ap,arently
found in the cowpany of i"r. Gellers, although she •.oesn' t coii1e rir,ht
out and say it. I have been to his horae and office any nuwber of times
in the 1 st six months, including my last leave fro� the military when
"'Y ·1 ife and I spe nt four days in Eastport.
I have met quite a nui.iber
of p e o p le t ere, but none "who have followed Lr. Gellars to Eastport"
and I felt "ric;)ht neii:,hborly toward them" as iss Ross -�.uts it. The
neople I met there \ere mostly long-ti1e residents of Eastport �nd
e rry, ! Jaine.
In fact,
The point of hiss Ross's letter was not very well taken.
it w s not even very clear. It see11ed to be just a vague slur against
the efforts o f attorney Gellers and those who habe been reporting,
quite eqitably, I think, his efforts to urrt9-ngle the legal problei,1s of
the Fassa· aq uo d l1 y Indians. I think she is the one who ha...:! better "go
back to li'ast,J or t,
et some iacts, and quote both sides faitly. "
If she is unwilling to, J,erhaps it is just as well that 11.ugust 26 rnarked
the end of her residence in dashington County.
Sincerely yours,
Robert S. Howe, Air�an, USAF
( hare recently �1r. rtowe sent us another lettdr which also has much �erit,
is self ex p la n a to r y and follows. - d. )
•
Dear F,di tor:
In view of the fact that the Indian la11d treaty case has come
in court already and because of the o�her recent development which
out
you
reply to ti; e
doubt aware of, I feel it be...,t that I retract IJ.Y
by 1elen Ross of a nu�ber of weeks ago.
The timing of the recent incident bet".1een Don Gellers and the
It' s too bad
utate ,olice w as too significant to be coincidental.
that state officials and people like Miss Ross have this event to use
as fuel for their fires which are a lr e a d y trying to burn all the bridges
asoa1.iaquoc.ldies. Ho�?efully the lcind
of ..JrO[,ress 11ade by and for the
treuty case will not be da,naged by Geller' s arrest.
I will leave it to your discretion whether to puolish my reply to
the Ross letter, but in view of the c*rcumstances I feel it would be
( Continued on u ag e 12)
are no
lett�r written
�- 12 -
rather ineffectual.
I would like a subscription to the Newsletter
Robert S. Ii.owe
•
•
•
Thank you.
•
(The following article taken from The Portland �ress Herald on 3/12 /68,
explains the incident referred to in Mr. Howe's letter above. -�d.)
Indians' Lawyer Held
On i" arijuana Charge
Augusta(AP) - Eastport attorney Don Cotesworth Gellers, 31, and hlfred
Cox, 35, were arrested at Gellers' ho 1e 11onday afternoon, state police
reported, on charges of possession of marijuana.
The arrests were ;.,_ade by r.;1et.1bers of the state l_)Olice Bur12au of
Criminal Investigation, state headquarters at Augusta said.
The men were taken before Judge John !1. Dudley in District Court
in Calais but were not asked to plead to the charge.
Dudley ordered arraignment held before him i arch 19 in District
Court in Machias.
He set bail at ::..2 , 000 surety or ·r;,500 cash for each defendand.
Gellers poste 1 bond and .,.,as released. Cox was t...:i.ken to the vashing
ton County Jail in Machias.
Gellers had no statement to make regarding rhe case excer;t to say,
" I aw innocent."
Gellers has lived in Eastport about five years and has been devoting
much of his tirne to representing the Passai;1aquodcly Tribe of Indians in
legal affairs.
Last Friday he filed suit on the Indians' behalf against the
Commonwealth of Lassachusetts in Suffolk County Superior Court in Boston.
The suit claims damages for alleged violation of treaties concerning land,
water and timber rights.
Gellers also is defense counsel in a pending Washington County
Superior Court case in which several Indians are accused of assaulting
Counterchar.-es of �•olice brutality and unlawful search
a state trooper.
were made in the case and are under state investigation.
The state police said the arreots of Gellers and Cox followed an
i nvestigation that lcisted several weeks.
Assistant Atty. Gen. Daniel r. Lilley of the attorney general's
criminal division, said in Augusta that the rolice also seized at Geller's
home 11a substance. which we believe to be marijuana."
He said it would be analyxed by a state chemist.
·
LAND CLAIMS
�ome Ind�ans under Federal jurisdiction have been awarded $33.5 millien
by the Indian Claims Commission during the past year, we learn from
t he Rosebud Sioux Herald. -Ed)
·Six other groups, awarded in 1965 and 1967, are waiting for their
claims to becoille final. They may get nearly $2 1.4 mil�ion pending appeals
or other legal action,. the BIA report said.
Of the ne�rly 855 million granted, $15.3 has been ap�ropriated by
Congress.
T he report said the appropriAted funds e2rn interest for the tribes
involved while they wait for final Congressional action and the pay-off.
As of Jam. 1, the Indian ClaiTlls Comt;iission had granted 100 awards
$2 25.4 million.
totaling n�arly
(Continued on page-13)
'
·
�- 13 ( C on t inue d
12 )
f r om page
A �a r ds
1967
1967 i n c l u d e d :
gran t e d in
12 , 2 50 , 000 8 , 500 , 000
6 , 700 , 000
3 , 500 , 000 8 9 9 , 408
7 7 1 , 441 6 9 5 , 564
136 , 165 33 , 2 62
E a s t e rn
-
·
i s s i s s ippi S i o u x
( s i x awa r d s
f our g r o ups ) .
for
S p okane .
-
C o l v i ll e .
Sac
-
and F ox .
Ki c ka p o o .
S ac
-
and F o x .
S n o h omi s h .
/ea
-
Awa r d s
or
e s c a l e r o Apa c he .
( Pe o r ia ) .
1965 + 1967
1967 b u t
in
1965
in
g r an t e d
1 9 66 :
and
2 , 094 , 57 3
o t a � a t omi .
S a c and F o x .
965 , 560
935 , 000 - T o r t h e r n } a i u t e .
15 , 6 90 , 000 - N. Fai u t e .
773 , 1 3 1
i a ru i .
6 33 , 193
Io a .
171 , 89 6
P e o r ia .
not
f inal :
-
-
-
1966
A ·1 a r d s gr n t e d
S 4 , 4 3 1 , 622 -
F la t h e ad .
2 , 450 , 000 1 , 037 , 414
11 , 5 1 1 11 , 3 94
4 , 4 7 9 , 4 98 -
C o n f e d e r a t e d T r ib e s
C re ek
-
the
o f O r e gon .
a t i on .
i c kapo o .
I owa .
Utes
( in
t he C ou r t
I n d i an s C la i1us C ommis . i o n ' s
of C l aims
b e c ause
F A I R V.r1. LUE
}" o s t
t he
U .S .
so
o f t h e c la ims a r e f or fair v a l u e
o r t ake n b y t h e g o v e r nme nt i n t h e
f r om t h e
N CA I
R o s e b ud S i o u x
O f f i c i a l Pr e d i c t s
C o ns t i t u t i on a l
�ak e r s o n the
This
it
go e s
this
ing
the
is
in t o a
I nd i an
in
19 6 8 .
f r om
word
I n dian
of
a
to
R os e b u d ,
I n d ian R igh t s ,
hu n t i ng a n d
may b e
So .
fishin
the
R i gh t s
past
1
at t
me r i c a n
to
se s si on .
ill
"It
H o us e
t ak e
r
Be lindo
he
-
-
als o
o b j e c t ion a t
h un t i n g and
and
c r is e s
1968
Issues .
t r o ub l e - ·
fac ing
t h e Na t i on a l C on gr e s s o·f 1�u1e r i c e.. n India n s a s
m o r e in d i v i d ua l and t r iba l r eL1b e r s h ips in
j ob
ahead ,
a c c or d
t.
po
onal
n t i o n t o t h e � r v i n Omn i b u s B i l l t o gi ve C on s t i t u t i
t pa ss 0 d t h e � e n a t e a t t he c l 9 3 e o f t he
I
I n d ians .
a
gr e a t
o f Repre s e n t a t iv e s
ye ars . "
3/11/6 8 : )
Dakota
righ t s ,
ma j o r
s tat e d .
t o ge t
u a utpai gn
c aLJp a i gn
be fore
to
c e de d
lan d s
T r o u b le A s Ma j o r
o r gan i z a t i o n .
calle
�as p e n d i n �
t h e B IA r e p o r t
pa s t ,
� C A I Exe c u t i v e D i r e c t or John Be l i n d o s e a s a b i g
He
N . �.
e r a ld ,
r e s e r v a t i o ns - - t h e s e
I n d ia n s
Ame r i � & n
r i gh t s ,
it
bir th . )
s a id NC
I
bas
said
N C .A I
is
t his
t ime
to
deal
of
a n d s i 11, n e d
led
the
H o rk t o ge t t h i s b i l l pa s s e d i_n t he
b y F r e s i d e n t J o h n s n , 1 1 h e l.)r e di c t e d .
f i gh t f o r t h l'; o e r i gh t s i l f or a nu1..lb e r o f
o n l y n u t i o na l
t hr e e b i l l s which
t he
o r , . � ni za t i o n
" w o u ld t al- e
nder state
f i s h i n g r i gh t s by p l a c i n g t r i b e s u
T h os e d e s i f i n g m o r e i n f o rma t i on
, •·1as hingt on , D . C . 20036 .
sh ould wri t e :
NCA I ,
to
v oi c e
away a l l
an
I n d ian
c on t r o l . "
1346
C on n .
Av e .
�(14 )
FUND
DRIVE FOR
IND IAN
LANDM.l\RK
GAD:.S ��0:ME l'T'T""" �
Skowhegan ' s Touris t Hospitality Associaticn io �� : - .L underwa�r to raise
funds for the erection o.f the larges t sculpture o f an Indian in the r orld of
its kind .
Nationally-acc laimed painter · and sculptor, Bernard Langlais of
Cus hing, Maine , has been cons tructing the wooden Indian , which will s-�and 45
fee t in he ight , as a landmark for the Town of S�owhe gan .
Members of the
Ass oc iation have been conducting several fund-raising proje cts in an effort to
provide the necessary money, es timated at approximately $10, 000 .
Most o.f the members each contributed $25 to start the project rolling,
and William Philbrick of Skowhe gan furnished the logs for the sculpture .
Las t
sumrne� proceeds from the group ' s Antique Auto Parade went into the fund , and in
the fall the group netted $275 from sale o.f tickets for the movie , "The Sound
of Mus ic . 11
C olorfully painted barrels marked "Help Build an . Indian" were
placed in the town for contributions from touris ts and residents alike , and small
leather cut-outs of an Indian head were on sale at the Touris t Information Cen
ter .
All of these proje cts have bro�ght in a total of almos t half the cos t of
the landmark • • • • �Jhen the final goal is reached the dream of this group of pe ople
will be realized and Skowhe gan will have a landmark unlike any other in the
world .
Plans are now being made to place the Indian on a knoll in Skowhe gan 1 s
Coburn Park ove rlooking the Kennebe c .
One of the reasons for the Indian ' s being unlike any other is the somewhat
abs tract des ign of the figure .
In other words , it will hardly be a stere otype
of any Ind ian , but will depict Indians in Maine prior to settlement by the colo
nis ts and will be �uthentic in every detail .
Langlais has done considerable
re search in order to make it as authentic and accurate as pos s ible .
Ass is ting
him in research have been the Maine Department of Indian Affairs as well as
Indians from Maine re servations .
Since .Maine Indians depended greatly on fishing for a livelihood , the Ind
ian will be holding a fishing ne t and spear .
The Indian its elf is being
cons tructed of four logs , each 30-some feet long and 18 to 20 inches in diameter
at the small end .
They are being seas oned and dyed .
A me tal shaft will be
enclosed within the center for durability .
After the dying and sculpturing
has been c ompleted, the wood will be c hemically treated in order to be . left
untouche d for twenty years or more .
A cement base , 10 fee t high, will support the s culpture on its chosen
spot in Coburn Park .
During the night the Indian will be lighted to be seen
at a dis tance from the highway .
The Touris t Hospitality Ass ociation has also made arrangements to make
In order
wooden scale models of the Indian for tourists visiting the area .
that no models like them may be bought anywhere except in Skowhegan, the pattern
is be ing copyrighted .
Thus the Indian will be a maj or attraction to visitors ,
as well as a his torical monument t o our Indian fore runne rs .
(From the S omerset Reporter , Skowhe gan, Maine , 2 /15/68)
PRESIDENT ASKS
PLAN
FOR INDIANS
WASHINGTON (UPI) - Pre sident Johns on asked C ongress Wedne sday for what
ammounted , to a $500 million civil rights -wel.fare program for American Indians .
The White House said their plight "dwarfs the situation of any other Americans
in the worst ghettos • • • "
In a spe cial mes sage Johns on asked for funds to give Indians improved
economic , s ocial and educational opportunitie s , a greater voice in the ir own
affairs , and tribal rights to determine whether state crllninal and civil laws
shall apply on their re servations .
(C ontinued on Page 15)
�(15 )
.PRESWENT ASKS
• • • •
(Conti�ued from Page
14 )
But without wa it ing for Congre ss to act Johnson is sued an exe cutive order
creating a Na tional Council on Indian Opport ity, headed by Vice Pre o ident
Hubert Humphrey and including six cabinet members to seek improved living con '
ditions among the nation 1 s 6oo , 000 Indians .
The me s s age - the firs t one a Pre s ident ever sent C ongre s s on Indian prob
lems - was the re sult o f a spec ial task force s tudy begun two years ago .
John
s on said it had dis c losed a "shocking s ituation " exis ted among the Indian p opu
lation , which include s 400, 000 on or near re servations in 25 s tate s .
The Pre s
ident , w o said his proposal would c os t about $500 ,000, 000 , as ked that C ongre s s
take ac tion t o provide ' ' a s tandard o f living for the Indians equal to that of
the c ountry as a whole 11
He als o asked that they be given "an opportunity to remain in their home
lands , if the choos e , 'ithout surrendering their dignity; an opportunity to
move to the towns and c ities of Ame rica , if they choose , equipped with the s kills
to live in equality and Q.ignity . 1 1
Johns on said Indians should have "full par
ticipati on in the life of modern Ame rica, with a full share of e conomic opportun
ity and s ocial jus ti c e . ''
(From the Bangor Daily News , 3/7/68 .
Asked to c omme nt on the Pre s ident ' s
proposals , Maine ' s C ommi s s ioner of Indian Affairs , Edward Hinckley, explained
tha t he doubte d that the tribe s of Maine , not be ing under the adminis trative
jurisdic tion of the Federal government , would benefit directly from the reque s ted
appropria ti ons , but that he felt the national attention be ing focused on all
American Ind ian s would benefit the Passamaquoddy and Penobscot Tribes indirectly
He als o commented that he was glad to see Pre s ident Johnson fol
in many ways .
lowing Maine 1 s lead in involving ithe Indians more in the deve lopment of their
Ed . )
own future .
u:i
-
�
•
• • • •
-
NATION 1 S INDIAN POLICY
DRAWING
SHARP ATTACK
A s tudy based on a s ti ll-secre t Hhite House task force report blasts the
Federal Gove rnme nt for trea ting Indians as " s imple minded children " and attacks
the Johnson Adminis tration • s pending Ind ian aid bill as showing a " tragic mis
c onception " of the real ne ed .
The s tudy was wr itten for Congre s s ' Joint E conomic C ommittee by Herbe rt
But Striner
E . Striner of the w . E . Upj ohn Ins titute for Employment Research .
was reportedly a member of the �Jhite House task force and used many of the group ' s
1966 findings in his report .
U . s . Ind ian Affairs C ommis s ioner Robert L. Benne tt immediately took is sue
He said progre s s was being made in :improving Indian
with the Str ine r s tudy .
c onditions and that the governme nt is moving away from paternalism to le tting
Indian leaders make the ir own de cisi ons .
Striner charged that the Adminis tration ' s le gislation, which was sent to
C ongre s s las t yea r , " c omple te ly" ignores Indian needs for educati on , trainin g ,
hous ing, welfa re and he al th .
H e said the leve l of fundin g needed was "never
properly unders tood . "
He urged a pha s ing out of government boarding schools and es tablishment
Striner als o s aid
of local s chool b oards and a· national advis ory board ins tead
as sure the Indians that pre sent Federal
that the federal government should
prote ction and service s will neve r be taken away unle s s a tribe spe cifically re
The fe ar of the los s of government help has turned Indians
que s ts this s te p .
agains t various new plans in the pas t
(Bennet t s a id ) ins tead of ge tting new legislatio n for educati on, hous ing
and other areas ' the Adminis tration has been seeking amendments to Great Soc ie ty
programs to increase the ir Ind ian c ove ra ge
(From Canmunity Deve lopment, Was hington, D . C . , March 1968)
• • •
• • •
• • •
• • •
�16 )
FlJ TURE OF MAINE IND IANS NEVER D I S CUSSED F I TH THE 'F. :':� -:'. '
by D ick P l an t e
Memb er s o f the Auburn -Lew i s ton Kiwan i s Club were t o ld that th�re has too
long been a leek of p l ann ing and bene f icial par t icipat ion in the Indian af fair s
in Ma ine .
Edward C . Hinckley , head of t he Maine Departmen t of Ind ian Affair s ,
t o l d t he Kiwan ian s : " The Ind ians have been here for about 10 , 000 years but no
body b o t hered t o d i s cu s s their fu ture wi th them . "
The s peaker s a id he believes that the lack of p lann ing was due to an as sum
t ha t the Ind ian s , as a peo p le , w i l l d i s appear .
But he said the theory is in
correct and he t o l d his aud ience t hat Ind ian her i t age should be looked upon as
a premium rather t han a l iab il i ty
The Ind i an exper t said Maine set an examp le for o ther s t a tes in January
Hinckley s ai d i t
of 1 9 6 6 when i t created i t s Depar tmen t of Ind ian Affair s .
made t he s t a te a leader i n t he developmen t o f progra�s for the ben f i t o f the
Indian s .
" Ind i an s have no des ire to become inv i s ib le or t o d i s appear , " Hinckley
s t a t ed , as he p o i n talout to his aud ience tha t the Ind ian culture is as d i s t inct
as t he cu l ture of the many o ther nat ional i t ies which make up the American pe9p le .
'llle s peaker t o l d member s of t he club tha t there mus t be p l anning to aid
He s aid tha t many
the Ind ians in impr oving themselves and t heir commun i t ies .
o f t he Ind ians prefer to remain on the reserva t ions because o f their rel a t ion
ship w i th "Mo ther E arth . 1 1
Hinckley s aid some s teps t oward improving the l o t o f t he Ind ians have
'
been t aken .
He s aid tha t he met on ly yes terd ay w i th represen tat ives of the
Pas s amaquoddy tr ib e and o ther s ta te and federal o f f icia l s about the fea s ib i l i ty
o f a comprehen s ive s tudy of the need s and resources of the Ind ian commun i ty .
( See February New s l � t ter , Page 18 - Ed . )
He s t at ed tha t the Ind ians � have
the ab i l i t y to admin i s ter and manage their own prob lems if they are g iven t he
s ame a s s i s tance and oppor tun i t ies ava i l ab le to other commun i t ies .
Hinckley a l s o t o ld Kiwan i s that for the f ir s t t ime in many year s t he
Leg i s la ture has approved a bond i s s ue to make po s s ib le cons truct ion of scho o l ,
The s peaker no ted t ha t t he
water and s ewer age f aci l i t ie s on t he reserva tions .
b ond i s sue w i l l go to Maine vo ter s for approval June 1 7 , and urged res iden t s of
Lew i s ton and Auburn t o s uppor t the measure .
Hinckley t o ld h i s audience that t he u l t imate goal o f h i s depar tmen t is to
return the Ind ian t o h i s former s t atus - he s aid I�d i an commun i t ies , like o ther
Maine communi t ies , s hould be s e l f -governing
(From the Lew i s ton-Auburn Journal , 3 / 6/ 68 )
• • •
• • •
• •
• •
SLOW PROMOTION
We were pr oud to have what we b e l ieved to be t he only ful l - b l ooded . Chero
He was recogni zed as a highly competent yeoman
kee in the submar ine service .
At the
f ir s t c l as s , b u t couldn ' t pas s the examina t ion for ch ief pet ty o f f icer .
po s t ing o f t he lates t exam resu l t s , when he found that onde again he had no t
made chie f , he commented dry ly , 1 1 I f I ' d s t ayed on the reserva t ion , I ' d have
been chief two year s ago. "
(From t he Reader s D iges t , January , 19 68 , by TM2 Richard T . Vannoy )
ABBREVIATION
In Hami l ton Coun ty , Ohio , t he Board of Park Comm i s s ioners �as looking for
'llle re w�s a s ugges t ion that the commi s s ioner s
a name for a new 1 , 010-acre p ark .
migh t cal l t he p l ace what the Ind ians once did , Moqueghke Kitchokema Wehyahpi
Af t er leng thy cons iderat ion , t he commi s s i oner s cho se Shawnee
hehr sehnwah Sepe .
Which s eems pa le- faced by compari son .
Lookout i n s t ead .
(From Spor t s I l lus tra ted , 2/26 / 6 8 )
�(17 )
CURTIS A SKS
HHH TO INCLUDE . NAINE INDIANS TIJ p_ '· G-fl.' Tr
AUGU STA - �v . Kenn eth M. Curtis has a sk ed Vic e Pr e sident 1k."' phrey to
.
include Maine Indi ans in the half billirm do llar s in federal
ai d that ha s b ee n
r e que st ed b y t h e administrat inn .
In a letter to th e Vi c e Pre sident , the Govern�r r equ ested that the Nat ional
C•:mncil o n Indian Opportunity " alsn consider assi sting Indians on State r e serva
t ions in planning and r e commending pr grams . "
Pr e si dent Johnson set up th e
counci l , named Humphrey i t s c h airman, and has asked for a $500 million appropria
t ion that will be c h anneled l argely through federal agenc ies to t ribes und er
f ederal juri sdi ctio n .
" We in Maine have three sma ll Indian re servations and t:ire attempting t o
impreve th e hou s ing , edu c ational and r e creational facilit ie s 1 1 the Governor s aid .
,
1 1 I hope it will pr ve po s sible for an increasing number of national Indi an pro
grams t
be d eve ].(')ped so as t
include ' St at e 1 trib e s as well as ' Federal 1
tribe s , 11 the Goverm r add ed .
Maine ' s three r e s ervati n s are 1 c at ed near Perry, Princ eto n and Old Town .
But b e c au s e �f t h e way Indian trib e s c ame under gove rnment supe rvi s ion, mo st o f
t h e Indi an s living e a st c f t h e Mi s s i s s ippi are le gally t ermed 11Stat e " Indian s
while mo st e f th0 se we st
f the river are und er f ederal contr0l.
Thi s hist r i c di ffer enc e has, in r e c ent year s , c aus ed problems for federal
ag en ci e s
seeking t
d et ermine whether State Ind i ans c an r e ceive aid und er th e
poverty pr grams that h ave b een e s tablished in the past d e c ade .
FUEL OIL ANALYS IS ORDERED AFTER FIRE DESTROYS RESERVATION HOME
EASTPORT - As a re sult ("'f a fire whi ch l eft an Ind i an mother and h er s ix
children home l e s s ,
a st at e fire inspe cto r Friday sent samples o f fuel o i l to the
st ate l ab . ratory for analysi s .
Ind i an • ffi ci al s h er e are also qu estioning the
f Perry an d Ea stport Fir e Departments in answering th e call and o th e r
delays
events conne cted with the fi re .
Inspecto r Donald Bi s s et
f Blue Hill said Fri day night that h e took s ever al
s amples of fuel oil from homes on the Indi an Re servation tc determine whether the
oil c ntains any explo sive or fo r eign substance s .
a . m. Thursday at th e home of Mr s . Mary Yar
The fir e at approximat ely 9 : 3
mal was b elieved to h ave started as a r e sult of a nooded oil burner in the liv-·
Bi s s et added t hat a ft er
f the home , acco rding to the stat e in spec tor .
ing r oom
u- s . Yarmal had t ak en the three yqung e st children to s afety an explo s ion was
he ard inside th e dwelling.
Th e Perry V lunt e er Fire Departm ent arrived about half an hour aft er th e
c al l was turned in, and Eastport ' s Volunt eer Department arrived about 15 tG 20
minute s aft e r Perry, a c cording to Governor Jo seph Mitchell of the Pleasant Po int
Re s ervatio n .
He a lso repoxt Eid that the Perry pumper failed to function proper
ly and secondly, the res ervation ' s only fir e hydrant was di scover ed "plugged
Gov _. Mitch ell pointed out that the e ntire inside e f
wi th mud and e th er debri s . 1 1
the h me was g utted by the fire, d e s troying all o f th e f amily ' s po s s e s sions .
11We have b e en trying tc get a volunteer departme.r:it started on th e r e s erva
tion during the past ye ar and we are still trying to get th e e quiµnent , 11 Mitchell
said, adding that th e Perry and Eastport Department s are repaid for all c alls
The Perry Department i s about 2� mile s away from th e
made to the r e s ervation .
while Eastport t s d epartment i s about 5 mile s di st anc e .
res ervation
vernor po inted out that s everal f amili e s o n the r e s ervati o n have b e en
Th e
Becomplaining lat e ly of the i r fue l oil having a " si zzling " sound a s it burns .
ck.
Re
cau se of the r epo rt s, inspe ctor Bi s s et was said to hav e t ak en th e s ampl e s .
ect ed from the lab t e s t s by Mo nd ay or Tu e sday • • • •
sults were exp
See r elated story n next page . )
( From th e Bango r Daily News, 3/23-24/68.
�(18 )
INDIAN STOVE INSPEC TION DEPENDS ON 3 FACTORS
AU GU STA - An insp e c tion
r e s ervations and cleaning and
rde red as the aft ermath cf a
the h e ad o f the Dep a rtment 0f
0f
il-burning s tove s on Maine ' s three India�
ad j us tment nf th e stove s wh ere n e c e s s ary will be
r e c ent fi re wh i ch de stroyed a Pleasant Pnint home,
Indian Affai r s s aid Tue s d ay, if :
Money can b e found to hire a l i c ensed oil bu rner r epairman f� r th e job ;
- Tribal Ceunc i l s authori ze the pro j e ct , and ;
- Ind ividu al homecwner s give their consent .
Commi s s ione r Edward C .
Hinckley,
1:.0 ld th at a r eport by Stat e Fir e Inspector
Donald Bi s s ett 0f Ells"WO rth Tuesday state s that chemi cal t e st s o f fuel oil
u s ed o n t he Pas samaquoddy Re servation at Perry showed no c· :>ntaminatic·n,
s aid
h e will att anpt t 0 find fund s t o fi nance the burner in spec tion .
/
In h i s repor t , Bi 3s ett s aid he b el i ev e s a fi re th at de stroyed the Ple as dDt
Po int
home nf J:vlr s.,
home s were
Mary Yarmal la s t we e k and burner flareups in oth er· r e s ervation
c au 3 ed by malad justment s and di rt ,
and not the fuel •
• • •
The Dep artment
0f Ind ian Aff ai r s c alled in th e Fir e Prevention Divi sio n after th e· Yarrnal how.e
burned an d o th er r e s e rvatio n r e si de nt s complained 0f o il burner flar�-up s .
Burne r s in s ev eral r e servation hom e s were insp e c t ed • • • all of th e burners were
dirty a:1d o ut of a d j ustme:::it , Bi s sett reported .
The burner s were of t he b arometri c feed typ e , in whi ch proper inst allation
and maint en anc e i s 11very c rit i c al , 1 1 the inspe ctor pointed out.
What i s ne eded ,
he
concluded ,
i s fo r all the burners to
me n and put b ack into
safe running
( From th e Bango r Daily N ews,
be ch e ck ed and servi ced by qu alified
co nd i tio n .
3/27/68 )
HOU SING AN D SAN I TATION PLAN S CONTINUE 'ID ADVAN CE
Dur�ng th e p a s t month ,
the Pen b s co t Tribal Reservation Housing Authority
r e c eiv e d approval of a draft of i t s preliminary application to th e Hou sing
As s i s tan ce Admini strat ion,
and the final vers ion c f the appli c ation will b e sent
to th e New York r egi onal 0 ffi c e of HAA in th e near future .
This appli cat io n
will s p e cify t h e numb er o f hou sing r t uni t s 1 1 de sired for t h e Peno b s co t Re servation
init ially, and will requ e s t pr eliminary fu nd s so that planni ng,
l o c at ion activit ie s may be st ar.t ed .
de sign and site
An agreement i s being n eg t i at ed between the Penob s co t Housing Authority,
the Old Town Wat er Di s tri ct,
th e Dept .
of Indi an Affairs and the Publi c Utilit i e s
Commi s si on re l ative to th e exi sting wat e r sys t em 0 n Ind i an Island an d a contin
u ation of wat er servi c e s by the Di stri ct,
for fund s to expand th e sys t em .
as a n e c e s s ary preliminary t� a request
On March 18th the Pleasant Point Pas samaquod dy Re s ervation Housing Author
th rough Senato r Mu skie ' s o ffi c e , th at th e F ederal Water Pcl
lution Control Agency has increas ed it s sh are of t h e c o s t of a sewage treatment
ity r e c eived wo rd,
plant for Pl easant Point from 3 0� to
70%
40% .
The effe c t of th i s de c i s ion is that
of the fun d s ne c e s s ary fo r th e plant are now appro ve d , through St ate and
Federal fund s ; the r emaining 30% of th e co st of the plant has b e en r eque s t ed o f
th e E conomic Develo pment Admin i strat ion .
and
Federal appli c ati o n s fo r s ewage and wate r pro j e c ts on t h e Pleasant Point
Indian Townsh ip Pas samaquoddy Re s ervations h av e been submitted by th e re s
pe ctive Tribal Hou si ng Authori t i e s ,
in th e amount of $3 80 , 800,
JO% 0f �1 e Pl e a s ant Point tre atment plan mentione d above .
t he s e pro j e c t s will b e approximately
$670, 000 .
including the
The total co st of
Bot h Pas s am aquo ddy Tri bal Housi ng Auth ori ti e s are wci rking on thei r pre
liminary appli c ations to the Housi ng A s s i stan ce Admini stration, spe c i fying th e
numb er
f 11unit s 1 1 de sired and requesti ng i ni t i al fu nd s s:imila r to tho s e being
r e que sted
by
the Penob s cot Hou sing Autho ri ty .
�(19)
NEWS FRO ·1 HERE AND THERE
On March 1 8 th , Mr s . Barbara Joy Kenda l l , of Pr ince ton , began -v ork as a
Social v1orker II for t he Depar tment of Ind i an Affair s ' Calai s f i e ld o f f i ce .
Her' appo in tmen t f o l lowed a mee t ing of repre sent a t ive s of the Pleasant Po i n t
and Ind i an Town s h i p Pa s s ama quoddy Tr ibal Coun c i l s o n Mar ch 14th , at whi ch
t ime her app l i ca t ion and appo intmen t were unanimous ly approved by the t r ib a l
repre s e n ta t iv e s pre s en t .
1"'r s . Kend a l l w i l l be working wi tl-i Mr . "Dud " We s ton ,
.i
who s e appo in tmen t wa s appr oved by the j o in t Coun c i l s on January 1 1 th .
The
new pos i t i on was approved , e f fe c t ive January 1 s t , by the 103rd Le g i s l a ture , due
to t he s i zeab l e " c a s e load 1 1 on the 2 Pa s s ama quoddy Re s ervat ions , which �. s larger
t han a s ing l e f i e ld worker can e f fec t ively hand le .
Pa s s amaquoddy Commun i ty Action Program s ta f f members John Ni cho las ( Plea
san t Poin t ) and Morr i s Erooks , ( Indian Town ship) re turned in l at e Mar ch from a
Whi le
6 -weeks CAP train ing program oper ated by the Univer s i ty of W i s cons in .
there they had a chance to v i s i t Menominee Coun ty , Wis c . , forme r ly t he Menominee
Re serva t ion be fore t ermina t ion of F ederal Indi an programs by the U . S. Bureau
of Ind ian Affair s .
The Bangor Dai ly News of Mar ch 14 th p i c tured Mr s . Jeane t te Moore ( Pleasan t
Poin t ) i n s tru c t ing her we ekly CAP-sponsored sewing c l a s s o n the Re serva t i on .
The c l as s ha s 1 6 women and gir l s tuden t s and oper a t e s under the d i re c t ion of
Communi ty Ac t ion Aide B e s s ie S tanley ; 3 sewing mach ine s for the c l a s s wer e dona
ted by the Por t land Z ONTA Club .
The News of arch 2 2nd p i c tured Pa s s ama quodd y CAP Direc tor Archie LaCo o t e ,
Hous ing Aide and a c t ing As s i s tant D irec tor Andrew Dana , and Economic Oppor tun i ty
Aide Dan i e l Fran c i s d i s cus s ing a propo sal and app l i cat ion for an on- the - j ob
I t i s hoped t ha t
training pro j e c t for the two Pa s s amaquoddy Re serva t i ons .
through thi s program , men can b e trained as o i l burner and furnace repairmen ,
smal l mo tor repairme n t , carpenter s , p lumber s , e le c tr i c ians and he avy e qu ipme n t
operator s .
The Rev . and Mr s . Fred Ludwig , mi s s ionair e s to the Penob sco t Ind ians on
Ind i an I s land , were gue s t s of the Women ' s Ni s s ionary Society of the F ir s t Bap t i s t
The couple spen t 6 years i n nor th cen tra l
Chur ch i n Por tland , on larch 1 9 th .
Congo , � e s t Afr i c a , and in 1 9 6 1 were appo in ted t o s erve t h e Ind ians o f t hP
nor the a s t ern Un i ted S ta t e s by the Conservat ive Dap t i s t Home Mi s s ion S o c i e ty .
Na. AVAILAB LE - The four th in a series of 1 1 fac t she e t s " d i s t r ibu ted free
o f -charge b y the Ma ine S ta t e De p t . o f Ind ian Affa irs ( S t ate Hous e , Augu s ta , Me .
04 3 3 0) .
En t i t led n The Ca tho l i c Ind ian Mi s s ions in Maine : 1 6 1 1 - 1 8 20 , n and wr i t
t e n b y Mr s . S arah S . Ha sbrouck , the 6 - page pub li cat ion de scribes con ta c t s b e �
twe en t h e t r ibe s o f uhat i s now Ma ine and the Catho l i c Chur ch from t h e d ays o f
the f ir s t French exp l or a t i ons o f t he new wor ld .
Othe r s in the Ind ian s of Maine serie s now ava i lab le from t h e De par tment
are 1 1Gene ra l Informa t ion , " nDe par tment of Ind ian Affair s , " and " The Enduring
Ind ian . "
Cop i e s may b e ob tained on re �ue s t by con t a c t ing the De par tmen t in
Augu s ta .
Penob s c o t Tr ibal Gove rnor John Mi tche l l and Ind i an Commi s s ioner Edward
Hinctcley share d t he program of the Orono -Old Town Kiwani s C lub ' s me e t ing on
February 2 9 t h w i th 11rs . J. Al len Broyle s o f Orono , a Che rokee Ind ian .
Vote
�
- Vo t e YE S - Vo t e YES - Vo te YES - Vote YES - V o t e YE S - Vo te YES - Vo t e
P.EFERENDUN <;UE S TIOi'! tlo . 1
S PECIAL STATE-: JIDE ELECTION
JUNE 1 7 , 1 9 6 8
S CHOOL IMPROVEMEt·. TS Otl 3 RE SERVATIOF S - SEWAGE ArID �'1ATER FOR Ill) IAI'! TO !!'!S HI P
�( 20 )
" S TATE " " IND IANS :
F ORGOTTEN PEOPLE
Governor Cur t i s ' cal l to V i c � Pr e s ident Hub e r t Humphrey no t to over l ook
; . S t a t e " ::Ind ians in p l ann ing and r e co1llle nd ing d eve lopmen t o ppor tun i t i e s (See Page
ll
1 7 , th i s i s su e ) focus e s on a l arge ly · ignored prob lem in the U . S .
" S ta "'.: e 1 0 Ind ians
may be de f ined as memb e r s of t r ib e s over which the F ed er a l government , wi th . it s
s re c i a l ly-de s igned Indian deve l opment programs , has - or exer c i s e s - no j ur i s Jic
t ion .
Maine ' s Pa s s amaquoddy and Penob s cot Trib e s are " S t a t e " Ind i an s largehy
b e cau s e the or i g in a l t r e a ty agre emen t s made wi th the s e Tr ibes were conduc t ed
by t he Ma s s achu s e t t s Bay Co l ony and , la ter , by the Commonwe a l th of Mas sachus e t t s
be fore there wa s a n a t ional government or Congre s s .
O ther Tribe s ar e b arred
from p �r t ic ip a t ing in n a t iona l Ind ian programs for l e s s c l e �r rea s ons - the s tate
o f Nor t h Caro l ina inc lude s some 4 5 , 000 Lumbe e Ind i an s .
In 19 5 6 Congre s s enacted
l e g i s la t ion s t ipu l a t ing tha t this group " sha l l , from and a f t e r r a t i f i cat ion of
the Act , be known and de s igna ted as the Lumb ee Ind ian s o f Nor t h Caro l ina11 but
empha s i z ed t ha t this l eg i s l at'ion d id not a l t er the ir s tatus as per son.s ine l igib le
t � r e c e ive s p e c i a l s ervice s fr om t he Federal Governmen t on the bas i s of Ind ian
b lo od .
The s e arb i t rary re s tr i c t i ons on progr amming have l imi t e d s ta t e s in a t t empt
i n g to devi s e pr ograms airo� d at improv ing t h e s i tua t i on s on S t a t e Re s ervat ions
and wi th S ta t e Tr ib e s - the trib e s of Maine exp er ienced such a s e t -back of more
t han a year in b e coming qua l i fied to app ly for Commun i ty Ac t ion Programs und er
the "War on Pove r t y , ; ; t hough a waiver of t h i s r e s tr i c t ion was f ina l ly ob tained
from S arge n t Shr iver for the two Tr ibes of Maine .
Add ing to t he confus ion of s t atus are such s ta temen t s as the s e , con tained
in a l e t ter from the U. s . Commi s s ioner of Ind ian Af fairs to Ma ine S ta t e Repr e s
enta t iv e Ra lph 0 . Brews ter , d a t e d Apr i l 1 8 , 19 3 5 :
' 'As sured l y , there fore , under t h i s l a t e r d o c t r ine the
Ind ian s of our eas tern s e aboard - mean ing tho se e a s t o f
t h e Mi s s i s s ippi R iver - a r e as much sub j e c t t o t he para
moun t au thor i ty and j ur i s d i c t ion of the Federal gove rnment
a s t ho s e we s t o f that r iver ; bear ing in mind in t h i s conne c
t ion , however , that the du t i e s o f thi s O f f i ce are l arge ly
admin i s trat ive . . .
I t may fur ther be s a id that the l imi ted
appropr i a t ions by Congr e s s in b ehal f of the Ind ians are woe
fu l ly in s u f f i c ien t f or the ir pre s e n t real needs and in the
ab s en c e o f sub s t an t ia l ly incr e a s e d appropriat ions we lack
su f f i c ien t fund s to extend our a c t iv i t i� s into new f i e l d s
or in b eha l f o f t ho s e r emnan t s o f t h e Ind ian trib e s on our
e a s tern s e aboar d not here t o fore expre s s ly entru s ted by
Congre s s to our superv i s ion
;i
1 ) The coun try as a who le has
The p o in t s o f thi s mat ter a r e as f o l lows :
a r e a l d eb t , as we l l as mora l and l ega l ob l ig a t ions , t o Amer ican Ind ians as a
who le , wi thou t regard to their curre n t or p a s t s t a tu s as 1 1 S ta t e 1 1 or "Federal"
Trib e s .
? ) S ta t e s s hare this deb t and the s e ob l ig a t i on s , in ways too numerous
(and ho�e £-J !. � r too we l l -known ) to d e s cr ib e here , in t erms of the as s i s tance
provide� the c o l on i s t s by the local Tr ibe s .
3) Mor e and more programs which
cou ld p o t e n t ia l ly b e of gre at bene f i t to Ind ians are b e ing cr e a t ed by Congre s s ,
b u t w i t h few ex cep t ions - where they s pe c i fy Ind i an s as a par t icu l ar group t o
bene f i t f�0c.1 i..: h ?n
t he s e ar e l imi t e d to F eder a l Tribe s a n d Re serva t ion s .
4)
I t i E r. 'J •: :i -:· c .:> !.· � ' · T 7 :c or t he U . S . Bur eau o f Ind i an A f f a i r s t o ex tend i t s dir e c t
j ur i s diZt� on t 0 f. ·...: : �Le Tribe s , but i t i s e s s e n t i a l tha t new program l eg i s lation
or admin :l. s tr:;. t i ve p;:.· ac t ic e b e r e -d e fi-;;;d s o that S ta t e Tr ib e s and / or r.e s erva t ions
may pa"':.:' t icipD. t e on t h e same b a s i s a s any o ther Ind ian co1lllu n i ty .
ll
A �U'"l"'.::"1'.:lry n 2 r.be s cope of thi s pr ob l em is as f o l l ow s : Eight s ta t e s (Conn . ,
Me . , N . Y . , I" ;=: r� :! . , 1: . i:. , s . c . , Tex . , Va . ) have S ta t e Re s erva t ions and 2 7 , 300 S tate
Ind i an u .
F c . :. - � ( � l : n ad.J i t i.ona l s ta te s (Al a . , Ark . , De l . , Geo . , I l l . , Ind . , La . ,
Md . , H:i s s . , F . E . , E . J , , N . C . , Ohio , Tenn � ) have no S ta t e Re s ervations and 6 7 ,'500
The s our ce of t he s e f igur e s - the U . S . Bureau of Ind ian Affair s !
S ta t e Ind i an s .
•
•
•
-
·
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTE R
Pi ne
S tre e t
NEW S UB SCR I PTI ON POLICY
EFFE CTIVE
JANUARY 1 , 1 9 6 8
,;.;;.' r·�·:J
.i.
�
...
1
1
./·:·\
�i
�
!:::;::.:
�
.•
Beginnin g in January , the
sub s cr ip t ion r a t e s w i l l Le charged
for a 1 2-month sub s cr ipt ion to the
MAINE INDIAN NEW S LETTER
Indian
Non-Ind ian (Regular )
"
(Con t r ibu ting )
"
( Suppor t ing)
(Li f e t ime )
F REE
- $ 2 . 00/year
- $ 5 . 00/year
-$ 10 . 00/year
-$ 50 . 00
-
If you are a NON- IND IAN , wherever you
l ive , fi l l out and s end in the sub
s cr ip t ion s l ip (be low ) W I TH the appro
priate amoun t .
Your subscrip tion
wi l l begin wi t h the next avai lab le
i s s ue af ter your subscript ion i s
received .
If you are an INDIAN , wherever you
live , f i l l ou t and send in the sub
scription s lip (be low) , ide n t i fying
your Tribe and enc lo s ing NO money .
The addre s s labe ls ind i cate the s tatus
" I -F " me.an s
o f your sub s cr ip t ion .
The abbrevia t ion of a
" Indian-Fre e . "
month ( JAN) is the t ime - nex t year your sub s cr ip t ion fee w i l l again be
� wi l l � � !!!! ind ividual
due .
expir at ion no tice , .!2. � �!
�- - �� - - � - - - - - -� - - - - - � - - � ----- � -- � -� - · - --� - - � - -- - - - - - - � - - - - - -- - �----� - - - - - - - - - - -- �- -
I would l ike t o rece ive regu lar mon thly i s sue s o f the Maine Ind ian News le t ter :
_
_
__
DATE__ __ _ __
I ND IAN
_
NON- I ND IAN__
ADDR ESS
-___,.
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
__
_
_
_
TRIBE_
_
___
( S tre e t , o r Po s t Office Box )
_
_
AMOUNT ENCLOSED : $_ _
_
(Ci ty
S ta t e
Z I P Cod e )
Sub s cr ip t ion rate s : Indian -0- ; Non-Indian - $ 2 (Regular ) , $ 5 {Con tribu ting ) ,
$ 10 ( Suppor t ing ) , $ 50 (Life time )
Send this s l ip , with your sub s cr ip t ion charge , if app l i cab l e , to :
MAINE INDIAN NEWSLE TTER
Pine S tree t , Freepor t , Maine
0403 2
- -- - - -� - � - � --- - -. - - - - - - ----- -- -- - -.. -- - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .--.� 1""'- - ,_ --. __ _ ____ _ _ _ __ .,.._ _
.....
Don ' t forg e t your Z I P Code !
�MAINE INDIAN NEWSLETTE R
BULK RATE
U .S.
POSTAGE
Pine Str eet
Freepe�t , Maine
3 . 6¢ PAID
Freepert , Maine
Permit Ne . 33
1403 2
ADDRESS CORRECTION
REQUESTED
Y
Co l b y C o l l e ge L ib r
l b y C o l l e ge
Co
0490 1
W a ter v i l l e , Ha ine
JAN
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (March 1968)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Colby College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-03
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Julia Brush
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Colby College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-462
-
https://www.dawnlandvoices.org/collections/files/original/617dc3ec17338a8d9fa33840d003156b.pdf
3cb99903532bd8cda20f55821c32541c
PDF Text
Text
������������������
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Penobscot
Description
An account of the resource
The Penobscot people, who identify closely with the Penobscot River that is their home, have a reservation on Indian Island, near Old Town, Maine. Part of the Wabanaki Confederacy, they were among the tribes that won federal recognition in the 1980 Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act. <br /><br />A Penobscot scholar, Joseph Nicolar, was one of the first regional Native people to publish a book: <em>Life and Traditions of the Red Man</em> (1890). Since then, many others have written about their language and culture, including the performing artist Molly Spotted Elk and poet Carol Dana.<br /><br />The Penobscots have a rigorous process for protecting their intellectual property, asking any scholars who are studying or writing about them to communicate with their Cultural Heritage and Preservation Office.<br /><br /><strong>Resources</strong><br /><br />Penobscot Nation <a href="https://www.penobscotnation.org/" target="_blank">website</a><br /><a href="http://www.penobscotculture.com/" target="_blank">Penobscot National Cultural & Historic Preservation Department</a><br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Maine Indian Newsletter</em> (March 1972)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ssipsis (Thompson, Eugenia)
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Bowdoin College
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1972-03
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Siobhan Senier
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital images courtesy of Bowdoin College Library. In making these images available, we also consulted with ssipsis’ daughter, Pam Outdusis Cunningham.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Document
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
June 3, 2016
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
pdf
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DV-373